CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91798dfece463f4b',cH: 'D1T5J0gMFxI7W_vCoPUtCf4mCBc.7qwXKWFxrIUeZ4U-1740506004-1.2.1.1-ncn9CV1BTsX8hM3rGDNyVMQtW_uCTTR6zrJoLrGQpkmjb0nL8wKN_C82t_KCyBhW',cUPMDTk: "\/15529\/json?__cf_chl_tk=0HVSPmhDkz2G1sSGnSd.PSCsddGPAp_Cikon69ikuCs-1740506004-1.0.1.1-wPApIeRiuOpMzCrL0oWSbKT5FJEvskk_PTwHJCIst4s",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740506004',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/15529\/json?__cf_chl_f_tk=0HVSPmhDkz2G1sSGnSd.PSCsddGPAp_Cikon69ikuCs-1740506004-1.0.1.1-wPApIeRiuOpMzCrL0oWSbKT5FJEvskk_PTwHJCIst4s",md: "sWPDYgAztwxTOE2IlPOWrSbE71_Mo.Cl94G1fh.b5qg-1740506004-1.2.1.1-XbzSFgjFOAkoSzx6tMgB06Dm4.fRqqUiuThpeg7IpQ7UO6lxyhrKtN5WVecWUHdoLteOFWhpD28U1msY236FIiPCuVgcTz26E.Lib79LFywEofkQ_n5YiF5eewvIMBZvcBkyaihq_vIMYM3aHxDkKb3o6_0ihiZo9frRrU2U.L6hOFAwJGjD6BZODIoasIGKzN7qFqOr8nx95_XBrFQiMol82edtGdz6UY5KUcfTdUZR3S_PDNxrUdM074uI5MAau8V1ZPth2kIo.PDmfGEFXCd2XEJ77.PhUmT8lJudsB0Vewy3Dl2R3XWMvlsELb0uP1DzbFKt7u5AuShe52oh373SbqyvwEg7ksqeJLhhIQ2V648SW5oTgSfuzC3H_mJ69aCEB.cav83Ys1Oc2oTOfsHBa8E.u4O1WP2Tz_rVnNJPKDP5NY.NMCYUnyaeThcNUJdWtF3QFcLKTFUwt3xV.yLI9vQfqMYrjnGGi5mvtM8MYp635G1utYfOayL0L1tDZDeJMJeXD3tZV3yeDD012cuq4Syuhg8G82iltptTY4eCg32JL.pQoBe2Wv8sfuumd8Y0PIjwJpneURr8Q2XAMC8rIIx.5CvjAImWjRhm6MV3vtIsrrBRtBd4banROlKKFGhQQlPEr2xsfhFo.y7MjxKL2Y8pspd2Aromc05mM_NLUFyBPcyjRUnN_S6VjWnNbFmyKvOwyc0fwDUG2Ex_o5sDUX6GOra67Go2XOKa8az0CcWiv81TMT.x.m3vVz8iHmnoCAoytqkKDvbd0VK6MPt_D2KjtbgG0GeWbBh5o.N5T8nIkQ03eDGTLf_2_h8U7FATuD7ykwM5hWPzxJsdgFsqQuuQM09ZuPIfUELWf2f7x_MShf_yQHUfrznUKh4vSUdUhmzlVBZFhh1cMUGcdjP6Q_3qV8CjnVlcMOzE2kGTH9znSkXGg.HAiKryHHCVO1WqIdF63NcEPpau7coVx6OtV..m227x27RBoBiEKs6VzhtHz9v.2myM7o4ZjuONLuwaGZGHc5HxVofZ5TrRuf1Qo1_LL8xbLJlq9kDQKrla_6ZH8kBvtvs57rqLJ15WmXMxD7eok3nTfD5AGh1.MsgVpEvE_c9kQfo7_pc1ZY8qxn7I6EjMWaFx_6CxiE7RBm1WSw9UkCuXoMiU552h24Ep9L.FWwC5JtAljPINgxYjdICcOPltO0u4XBfPTc4Lz96j2xbEnCrOreTHWB5uQ8QDCJazSjq59GTEAwKyHAXb.8Sxag8GjjEjxhEcrRbcB7mQZCS9KszUBNGITU2t3MBbgHNugMjYl6jRL.DVelld9oflMHSkqmd2KPotWnvhIAWfn_09U6fuJU2McPXoJGWXd5A2eCl8AsyFHbrNPjMaqQ9lGZl4rA7oOfCrNzyrNYRTFc0Py8XpDADhxcamfQHsMQjyiodLLt17WhFwbSKsBLTtrkr.bAtibywNHH65xsa_TYJ1qLE2f2vMYCeneWKJSHzKBqs5zSOIOjh9Tla8b6xTZrD.gj82cXYC2wnQKM7MJSi2vQ9NybT3lKQhs20WuhZqJCHbeQ5kTWFZmWV_6xcSTY7fNfhJ9zaaD17NTPplYOtvLKfy_GGMlezDOOIQCCp4vhzoh9cgjlNtTH2IRsD07Wb2tqpnvuAwRrfIYbiN5fehNTbiCHQFlhJybUmqYvMrPZg_ih3seY0Mm5mB_T_68nY7qCUjEG95P3mmzGA73OGFNnGb3HhoDADbvXFtWzDIiJ7FArHGylgSV4o3L8KdQ72._NX7FL4nCs9pKvvEsTSJEf0Nz2_z1NRe4Iw4B7QRJLWBKVBc6YxkVsD.JEh5KFJiuO2NDN_GNAR8OU5IPDegXtPXmfIjy5tg46pw4Pfc7AqzQCj7TlFvJbQ",mdrd: "wrMaQp00mueypexop1_re.K7RW0fgVhR305SFRl369U-1740506004-1.2.1.1-0fhQYpx_Hr2DJkzFC6YuVMuAAsu._.lM6Ob9msEREGdT6gcepMC64DUZZVFtTBurukD7bFZqyafdBmBMN9oMdh4LsA_U7i6jBawLDRV9yVMsRDf9fxAqkYTzjvqbuAUTZ82QUrlRhAkIst4gpwfAeBcOQmBbNEjeo2d7rAFcJ1g_OMlKj2OzEXrZ4u5eLvnmO7In01nxo52.vNrG5c3OfQrahF5mZIJAeVFRT91oTO7D9PnhyHsBfHfAr7rHVg6l8qOvWMm6kxDVqg8CwTEo7etHDuRb21FdwJkfGPRaG7C6HCZUm4wUCFc_sqITycbBDO9gsuV.IG8lntfLCqjX2wafEz6QZr8LzhspevUAfX9t_d52c3Rk3k.8CH5o249lTkPyozLC8ERv5UyvnFBsRZKYCNVwPjUsotZ5j4WxiJScl3ijTFi.sVNUczgtah.jna5dvGppqVB97vu1aKai6mWJu8PsAR0siNsUJLN7PhA8u5r.rcC5f4QsEF1OIqm26EUZUgnsJhfu0T.smTfWezG.K6tLuhJ4Qgj9Y4h4TOSEwZHI4jBKgBZCreYoHIYODFQ0FH0EegIV9qrrRrA.GC2fPygoc05UkKK_yqmAQgH2.EaNJj.vyXN2Hn8G2tW1B1nYVMb2eZRq_twTacokABsBtUnoiuP3zI1qVtUK90Ar_0MOVE7RD1MQiM6Bjk1XpQ_vjmI48MhLA8uJjtyNTBOV4a8Lfc.PVB1TAj6aB4uKxMUIxusT9DDEsHu9zwBhunLXPr3hV6_SssvGfUNoE5PqAaQDVD8PwLs1stdHHMQXVNAIdL1puMsGzQLHlcEaEAU3hpa1tnfQesxHP18i.l_BCSreaZ5YzMavRYgkC52agtuesur_a_Wm7BeM4dGuUzVFPTJmnmJ16FkDqDSyjV7SAGaeavU62D.Rt0qUeFJjSo2uQ1i9juz1f_z6hAlOJaxmZHWEJtiQ6ubURpyvEw6op59yLbw2r5b_HzSKe7_e6aTu0f9um80ufxxgUa_2KwrPzSOL_iyQ9a39mttM2.dvk_Nk4z6566q_41cL1NtFN4DmfcOGSrbRw2uIF1e_Q210oQaiIRlD1W1LE_AGU8feN8yhgrCpexij63brCntBVyLzSQmt9_rj9ocJ9ZMJoyP4h4OV8nNcG.O7ZULMFrxmAgKJtF9mi0fP8bVCyUm9nYc5TLM2RS010uLvOa1pSRFgUvBoq.PR_KqxKzZOJlxuQCucaMgwiK6WsCZ0U2h8CmePBuvNWWHYlY.BQOBnefujblRAyM8SC0_pOpm07tgoUl4NkYOGXppjAqs.WPe7pM8j11RF7LA5XmCxOj_ymdyWdPIT2kMNJivqPjb2UlPpLWZ51Wq6Kib0cC8nSSiIYtgvXpNbL9Cb6xYXoDWib2alVvXHGIKLYblhlPfLCKaScJytNaOUkSETfPzoRA9f7mR.FzJQgw.hpZBKK8wJaIuHTQh2hVZ3xnb_Jo0YaGW.EgimRpBmvxCWlGdBOV3u96srQ8iXFiD1zhYtkwtZQ7t3gWrhNVVytNvMJyJU4s58AoxzQev.IHR2L1sAt6AyMHL_hdtVaGw.tcFqdo5xtNyhaYw7hIUqW6ZgA0WRfKSZ8qTpDbCvVlvHFzmImBAUiWL92shI5BYoB72mPfO6ROhUz5kVHHutz0xUR.M76t4O8n3vAvo9kml8.UonQ.GjfOau_ESAF3K47LmYxlJSLjI_kHEIfR8ryCO6tlTpCOuZkQ9LBryC0mk7XrnPEhZymtYVMWFUrBix_bR1R9grvynN4m5IifT4ut4sdRiSodSgOLVUoliviejMx_EuqSc23x8W6TORoPNi97oUmqfPWZzQH2bl8pB7CLN4mI6jPyofCWg4sQT7fkg7J._3N89xvp3399X1giJ4VgVHjxtAHewIEk6U6FlAHn3WZ7_Yjgc0PA765XlMg1qXIHGgLIPsu5pCA8xmBvAasOJYZLO8"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91798dfece463f4b';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/15529\/json?__cf_chl_rt_tk=0HVSPmhDkz2G1sSGnSd.PSCsddGPAp_Cikon69ikuCs-1740506004-1.0.1.1-wPApIeRiuOpMzCrL0oWSbKT5FJEvskk_PTwHJCIst4s" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>