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Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis. </p><p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been globally <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </p> </div> <p>This block will expire on 15:12, 27 August 2028. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. 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Bush]] | signeddate= November 25, 2002 | amendments= | SCOTUS cases = {{ubl|''[[Department of Homeland Security v. MacLean]]'', {{ussc|574|383|2015}}}} }} The '''Homeland Security Act''' (HSA) of 2002, ({{USStatute|107|296|116|2135|2002|11|25}}) was introduced in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks]] and [[2001 anthrax attacks|subsequent mailings]] of [[anthrax]] spores.<ref name="Office of Legislative Policy And Analysis">{{cite web | title= Legislative Updates – Homeland Security Act of 2002 | url= http://olpa.od.nih.gov/legislation/107/publiclaws/hmlndsecrty.asp | publisher= Office of Legislative Policy And Analysis | access-date= 2010-11-02 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100527195312/http://olpa.od.nih.gov/legislation/107/publiclaws/hmlndsecrty.asp | archive-date= May 27, 2010 | url-status= dead }}</ref> The HSA was cosponsored by 118 members of Congress.<ref name="Bill Summary & Status">{{cite web | title= Bill Summary & Status | url= http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d107:HR05005:@@@P | publisher= (THOMAS) Library of Congress | access-date= 2010-10-30 | archive-date= January 15, 2009 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090115191459/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d107:HR05005:@@@P | url-status= dead }}</ref> The act passed the U.S. Senate by a vote of 90–9, with one Senator not voting.<ref name="[[U.S. Senate]]">{{cite web | title= Roll Call Vote 107th Congress - 2nd Session | url= https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=107&session=2&vote=00249 | publisher= senate.gov | access-date= 2019-05-22}}</ref> It was signed into law by President [[George W. Bush]] in November 2002.<ref name="[[CNN]]">{{cite web | title= Homeland Security Act | url= http://rationalrevolution.net/war/homeland_security_act.htm | publisher= rationalevolution.net | access-date= 2010-10-26}}</ref><ref name="Homeland Security Act">{{cite web | title=Bush signs Homeland Security bill | url=http://archives.cnn.com/2002/ALLPOLITICS/11/25/homeland.security/ | publisher= [[CNN]] | access-date= 2010-11-01}}</ref> HSA created the [[United States Department of Homeland Security]] and the new cabinet-level position of [[United States Secretary of Homeland Security|Secretary of Homeland Security]]. It is the largest federal government reorganization since the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] was created via the [[National Security Act of 1947]] (as amended in 1949). It also includes many of the organizations under which the powers of the [[USA PATRIOT Act]] are exercised. ==Background== [[File:Hsas-chart with header.svg|thumb|left|upright|The Homeland Security Advisory System scale.]] The new department assumed a large number of services, offices and other organizations previously conducted in other departments, such as the [[United States Customs Service|Customs Service]], [[United States Coast Guard|Coast Guard]], and [[United States Secret Service|U.S. Secret Service]]. It superseded, but did not replace, the [[Office of Homeland Security]], which retained an advisory role. The [[Homeland Security Appropriations Act]] of 2004 provided the new department its first funding. A major reason for the implementation of HSA is to ensure that the border function remains strong within the new Department.<ref name="Policy Almanac">{{cite web | title= Homeland Security Act of 2002 | url=http://www.policyalmanac.org/world/archive/homeland_defense.shtml | publisher= Policy Almanac | access-date= 2010-11-15}}</ref> The Act is similar to the [[Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act]] (IRTPA) in reorganizing and centralizing Federal security functions to meet post–Cold War threats and challenges. Like IRTPA, there are some inherent contradictions in the bill not solved by reorganization. These reflect compromises with other committees needed to secure passage, but the result is at times inconsistent or conflicting authorities. For example, the Act identifies the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) first responsibility as preventing terrorist attacks in the United States; but, the law's language makes clear that investigation and prosecution of [[terrorism]] remains with the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] and assigns DHS only an analytical and advisory role in intelligence activities.<ref name="Martindale.com">{{cite web | title= The Homeland Security Act of 2002 -- A Summary | url= http://www.martindale.com/members/Article_Atachment.aspx?od=66596&id=8822&filename=asr-8824.pdf | publisher= Martindale.com | access-date= 2010-11-15 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110616195635/http://www.martindale.com/members/Article_Atachment.aspx?od=66596&id=8822&filename=asr-8824.pdf | archive-date= 2011-06-16 }}</ref> Similarly, with [[Critical Infrastructure Protection]] (CIP), which relates to the preparedness and response to serious incidents, the Act gave DHS broad responsibility to minimize damage but only limited authority to share information and to coordinate the development of private sector [[best practices]]. ==Establishments== The Homeland Security Act of 2002 is the foundation for many other establishments, including: # the Department of Homeland Security, which is headed by the Secretary of Homeland Security # an established Directorate for Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection within the Department of Homeland Security, which is headed by the Under Secretary for Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection. # the Critical Infrastructure Information Act of 2002 # the Cyber Security Enhancement Act of 2002 ==Titles== The Homeland Security Act of 2002 documented under [[Act of Congress|Public Law]] is divided into 17 titles that establishes the Department of Homeland Security and other purposes. Each title is broken down into several sections, summarized below.<ref name="Martindale.com"/><ref name="Department of Homeland Security">{{cite web | title=PUBLIC LAW 107–296—NOV. 25, 2002 | url= https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/hr_5005_enr.pdf | publisher= Department of Homeland Security | access-date= 2010-10-30}}</ref> :1. '''Department of Homeland Security''' ::Title I consists of three sections that establish the Department of Homeland Security, which carries out several missions that comply with the [[United States Code]]. :2. '''Information Analysis And Infrastructure Protection''' ::Title II consists of two subtitles, including the '''Critical Infrastructure Information Act of 2002''', and nineteen sections, including the '''Cyber Security Enhancement Act of 2002'''. It is headed by the Under Secretary and used to access, receive and analyze law enforcement information, intelligence information, and other information from federal, state, and local government agencies for further use towards the prevention of terrorist acts. :3. '''Science And Technology In Support of Homeland Security''' ::Title III consists of thirteen sections. It is described as a plan to develop national policy and strategic plans to develop countermeasures for chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and other emerging terrorist threats. It also establishes, conducts, and administers primary research and development. :4. '''Directorate Of Border And Transportation Security''' ::Title IV consists of forty-eight sections and regulates what comes in out of United States territory in an effort to prevent terrorists and instruments of terrorism. This is done generally by securing the borders, territorial waters, ports, terminals, waterways, and air, land, and sea transportation systems of the United States, including managing and coordinating governmental activities at ports of entry. :5. '''Emergency Preparedness and Response''' ::Title V consists of nine sections and it helps to ensure the response time and preparedness of providers for [[terrorist attacks]], major disasters and other emergencies. In addition, it establishes standards, joint exercises and trainings and providing funds to the [[United States Department of Energy]] and the [[Environmental Protection Agency]]. :6. '''Treatment of Charitable Trusts For Members Of The Armed Forces Of The United States And Other Governmental Organizations''' ::Title VI consists of one section which, through several requirements, designates the late [[Central Intelligence Agency]] officer Johnny Michael Spann as a trust fund for distribution towards surviving spouses, children, or dependent parents, grandparents, or siblings of Government related service members. :7. '''Management''' ::Title VII consists of six sections which is headed by the Under Secretary to manage the budget, appropriations, expenditures of funds, accounting, and finance, human resources, [[information technology]], and procurement of the Departments. :8. '''Coordination With Non-Federal Entities; Inspector General; United States Secret Service; Coast Guard; General Provisions''' ::Title VIII consists of fifty-three sections that establishes an Office for State and Local Governments to oversee and coordinate Departmental programs for and relationships with State and local governments. :9. '''National Homeland Security Council''' ::Title IX consists of six sections which establishes a "[[Homeland Security Council]]" within the [[Executive Office of the President]]. This Council functions as an advisor to the President. :10. '''Information Security''' ::Title X consists of seven sections regarding the establishment of several divisions of [[information security]]. This title and its subchapter provide tactics and mechanisms for protecting federal information and preserve information security. It also establishes set standards, responsibilities, authorities and functions, the various definitions in information security, and an annual independent evaluation. :11. '''Department of Justice Divisions''' ::Title XI consists of sixteen sections which detail the powers and duties of the Secretary, the Under Secretary, and the Attorney General. :12. '''Airline War Risk Insurance Legislation''' ::Title XII consists of four sections which detail air carrier liability for third-party claims arising out of acts of terrorism, extension of insurance policies, correction of reference, and reports. :13. '''Federal Workforce Improvement''' ::Title XIII consists of thirteen sections which in several chapters details and establishes Chief Human Capital Officers and its council. :14. '''Arming Pilots Against Terrorism''' ::Title XIV consists of seven sections which contains the establishment of a program to deputize volunteer pilots of air carriers providing passenger air transportation or intrastate passenger air transportation as Federal law enforcement officers to defend the flight decks of aircraft of such air carriers against acts of criminal violence or air piracy. :15. '''Transition''' ::Title XV consists of ten sections establishing the 12-month period beginning on the effective date of this Act. It consists of the definitions, reorganization plan, plan elements, and modification of plans. :16. '''Corrections To Existing Law Relating To Airline Transportation Security''' ::Title XVI consists of three sections that establish retention of security sensitive information authority at the [[United States Department of Transportation|Department of Transportation]], increase civil penalties, and allow United States citizens and United States nationals as screeners. :17. '''Conforming And Technical Amendments''' ::Title XVII consists of seven sections that amend or alter several acts and amendments of the United States such as the [[Inspector General Act of 1978]] and Title 5 of the [[United States Code]] ==Department of Homeland Security== {{main article|United States Department of Homeland Security}} [[File:Seal of the United States Department of Homeland Security.svg|thumb|Seal of the [[:en:United States Department of Homeland Security|United States Department of Homeland Security Seal]].]] The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS), formed November 25, 2002 through the Homeland Security Act, is a Cabinet department composed of several different divisions that work to protect the United States from domestic and foreign terrorism. It was created as a response to the [[September 11 attacks]] in 2001.<ref name="Martindale.com"/> The Department of Homeland Security manages the Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate. The directorate helps fulfill the Department's overarching goal: to keep America safe from terrorist attacks.<ref name="U.S. Government Printing Office">{{cite web | title= Hearing On Response To Terrorism: How Is The Department Of Homeland Security Improving Our Capabilities? | url= http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/house | publisher= U.S. House of Representatives Committee | access-date= 2010-11-07 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110709082049/http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/house/ | archive-date= 2011-07-09 }}</ref> The Department also works to enhance preparedness and response efforts and to integrate these efforts with prevention work.<ref name="U.S. Government Printing Office"/> With the Homeland Security Act there are several provisions that identify the specific duties for the EP&R Directorate. ===Provisions=== The Homeland Security Act contains several provisions that identify specific duties for the EP&R Directorate.<ref name="U.S. Government Printing Office"/> Title V and Title II outline the way the department ensures that the use of intelligence and its own threat analysis of terrorist capabilities are intended to distribute funds to those areas where the terrorist threat is greatest, and that states provide the Federal Government with their Emergency Response Plans so that the department can coordinate priorities regionally and nationally.<ref name="U.S. Government Printing Office"/><ref name="LawBrain">{{cite web | title=Homeland Security Act of 2002 | url= http://lawbrain.com/wiki/Homeland_Security_Act_of_2002#Title_V:_Emergency_Preparedness_and_Response | access-date= 2010-11-07}}</ref> ===Establishments under the Homeland Security Department=== [[File:Ready Reg.jpg|thumb|Full [[Ready.gov]] logo with tagline and [[trademark]] notice.]] * [[Ready.gov]] which was conceived in March 2002 and launched in February 2003 * [[National Incident Management System]] which was established in March 2004 * [[National Response Plan]] (NRP) which was created in December 2004 * [[National Cyber Security Division]] (NCSD) * [[E-Verify]] ==Amendments== ===Proposed=== *[[Department of Homeland Security Interoperable Communications Act (H.R. 4289; 113th Congress)]] - a bill that would amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to make the [[Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Management|Under Secretary for Management of the Department of Homeland Security]] (DHS) responsible for policies and directives to achieve and maintain [[Interoperability|interoperable]] communications among DHS components.<ref name=4289sum>{{cite web|title=H.R. 4289 - Summary|url=https://beta.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/4289|publisher=United States Congress|access-date=9 July 2014}}</ref> The bill was written in reaction to a [http://www.oig.dhs.gov/assets/Mgmt/2013/OIG_13-06_Nov12.pdf 2012 report by the DHS Inspector General] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818042317/http://www.oig.dhs.gov/assets/Mgmt/2013/OIG_13-06_Nov12.pdf |date=August 18, 2014 }} that indicated DHS "lacks an effective governance structure to ensure interoperable communications across divisions.<ref name=FNRhousepasses>{{cite news|last1=Levitz|first1=Dena|title=House passes bills tackling DHS communications during disasters|url=http://www.federalnewsradio.com/473/3659329/House-passes-bills-tackling-DHS-communications-during-disasters|access-date=10 July 2014|publisher=Federal News Radio|date=9 July 2014}}</ref> *[[National Cybersecurity and Critical Infrastructure Protection Act of 2013 (H.R. 3696; 113th Congress)]] – a bill that would amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require the [[Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security]] (DHS) to conduct cybersecurity activities on behalf of the federal government and would codify the role of DHS in preventing and responding to cybersecurity incidents involving the [[Information Technology]] (IT) systems of federal civilian agencies and critical infrastructure in the United States.<ref name=cbo3696>{{cite web|title=CBO - H.R. 3696|url=http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/hr3696.pdf|publisher=Congressional Budget Office|access-date=28 July 2014}}</ref> The bill passed in the [[United States House of Representatives]] on July 28, 2014.<ref name=3696allactions>{{cite web|title=H.R. 3696 - All Actions|url=https://beta.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/3696/all-actions|publisher=United States Congress|access-date=28 July 2014}}</ref> ==Legislative information== *[[United States Senate|Senate]]: {{USBill|107|S|2794}} *[[United States House of Representatives|House]]: {{USBill|107|HR|5005}} HR. Rept. 107-609 *Law: {{USPL|107|296}}, {{USStat|117|745}} ==See also== * [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]], established by the Homeland Security Department * [[History of homeland security in the United States]] * [[Homeland Security Advisory System]] * [[Homeland Security Appropriations Act]] * [[Homeland Security Grant Program]] * [[Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act]] * [[September 11 attacks]] * [[Terrorism in the United States]] * [[United States Department of Homeland Security]] * [[Support Anti-Terrorism by Fostering Effective Technologies Act]] (Title VII, Subtitle G of the HSA) ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/6/chapter-1 As codified in 6 U.S.C. chapter 1] of the [[United States Code]] from the [[Legal Information Institute|LII]] * [https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title6/chapter1&edition=prelim As codified in 6 U.S.C. chapter 1] of the [[United States Code]] from the [[United States House of Representatives|US House of Representatives]] * [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-1143/uslm/COMPS-1143.xml Homeland Security Act of 2002] ([https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-1143/pdf/COMPS-1143.pdf PDF]/[https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/COMPS-1143/ details]) as amended in the [[United States Government Publishing Office|GPO]] [https://www.govinfo.gov/help/comps Statute Compilations collection] * [https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/107/public/296 Homeland Security Act of 2002] as enacted in the [[United States Statutes at Large|US Statutes at Large]] {{Presidency of George W. Bush}} {{authority control}} [[Category:United States Department of Homeland Security]] [[Category:Acts of the 107th United States Congress]] [[Category:United States federal insurance legislation]] [[Category:United States federal defense and national security legislation]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Authority_control" title="Template:Authority control">Template:Authority control</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Authority_control&action=edit" title="Template:Authority control">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Both" title="Template:Both">Template:Both</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Both&action=edit" title="Template:Both">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Bulleted_list" title="Template:Bulleted list">Template:Bulleted list</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Bulleted_list&action=edit" title="Template:Bulleted list">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">Template:Cite news</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_news&action=edit" title="Template:Cite news">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">Template:Cite web</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&action=edit" title="Template:Cite web">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:DMCA" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:DMCA">Template:DMCA</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:DMCA&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:DMCA">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Date_table_sorting" title="Template:Date table sorting">Template:Date table sorting</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Date_table_sorting&action=edit" title="Template:Date table sorting">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Dated_maintenance_category" title="Template:Dated maintenance category">Template:Dated maintenance category</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Dated_maintenance_category&action=edit" title="Template:Dated maintenance category">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Dated_maintenance_category_(articles)" title="Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)">Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Dated_maintenance_category_(articles)&action=edit" title="Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Dts" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Dts">Template:Dts</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Dts&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Dts">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME" title="Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME">Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME&action=edit" title="Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:George_W._Bush" title="Template:George W. 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