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immersion</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: immersion"> <meta name="keywords" content="immersion"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="immersion"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 222</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: immersion</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">102</span> A Psychophysiological Evaluation of an Effective Recognition Technique Using Interactive Dynamic Virtual Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadhossein%20Moghimi">Mohammadhossein Moghimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Stone"> Robert Stone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pia%20Rotshtein"> Pia Rotshtein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recording psychological and physiological correlates of human performance within virtual environments and interpreting their impacts on human engagement, ‘immersion’ and related emotional or ‘effective’ states is both academically and technologically challenging. By exposing participants to an effective, real-time (game-like) virtual environment, designed and evaluated in an earlier study, a psychophysiological database containing the EEG, GSR and Heart Rate of 30 male and female gamers, exposed to 10 games, was constructed. Some 174 features were subsequently identified and extracted from a number of windows, with 28 different timing lengths (e.g. 2, 3, 5, etc. seconds). After reducing the number of features to 30, using a feature selection technique, K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) methods were subsequently employed for the classification process. The classifiers categorised the psychophysiological database into four effective clusters (defined based on a 3-dimensional space – valence, arousal and dominance) and eight emotion labels (relaxed, content, happy, excited, angry, afraid, sad, and bored). The KNN and SVM classifiers achieved average cross-validation accuracies of 97.01% (±1.3%) and 92.84% (±3.67%), respectively. However, no significant differences were found in the classification process based on effective clusters or emotion labels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title="virtual reality">virtual reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20computing" title=" effective computing"> effective computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20VR" title=" effective VR"> effective VR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion-based%20effective%20physiological%20database" title=" emotion-based effective physiological database"> emotion-based effective physiological database</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62691/a-psychophysiological-evaluation-of-an-effective-recognition-technique-using-interactive-dynamic-virtual-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> Investigating the Potential of VR in Language Education: A Study of Cybersickness and Presence Metrics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakib%20Hasn">Sakib Hasn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20Anwar"> Shahid Anwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study highlights the vital importance of assessing the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire and presence measures as virtual reality (VR) incorporation into language teaching gains popularity. To address user discomfort, which prevents efficient learning in VR environments, the measurement of SSQ becomes crucial. Additionally, evaluating presence metrics is essential to determine the level of engagement and immersion, both crucial for rich language learning experiences. This paper designs a VR-based Chinese language application and proposes a thorough test technique aimed at systematically analyzing SSQ and presence measures. Subjective tests and data analysis were carried out to highlight the significance of addressing user discomfort in VR language education. The results of this study shed light on the difficulties posed by user discomfort in VR language learning and offer insightful advice on how to improve VR language learning applications. Furthermore, the outcome of the research explores ‘VR-based language education,’ ‘inclusive language learning platforms," and "cross-cultural communication,’ highlighting the potential for VR to facilitate language learning across diverse cultural backgrounds. Overall, the analysis results contribute to the enrichment of language learning experiences in the virtual realm and underscore the need for continued exploration and improvement in this field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality%20%28VR%29" title="virtual reality (VR)">virtual reality (VR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20education" title=" language education"> language education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulator%20sickness%20questionnaire" title=" simulator sickness questionnaire"> simulator sickness questionnaire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=presence%20metrics" title=" presence metrics"> presence metrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VR-based%20Chinese%20language%20education" title=" VR-based Chinese language education"> VR-based Chinese language education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181409/investigating-the-potential-of-vr-in-language-education-a-study-of-cybersickness-and-presence-metrics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181409.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> Preparation of Activated Carbon Fibers (ACF) Impregnated with Ionic Silver Particles from Cotton Woven Waste and Its Performance as Antibacterial Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Andres%20Pullas%20Navarrete">Jonathan Andres Pullas Navarrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernesto%20Hale%20de%20la%20Torre%20Chauvin"> Ernesto Hale de la Torre Chauvin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, the antibacterial effect of activated carbon fibers (ACF) impregnated with ionic silver particles was studied. ACF were prepared from samples of cotton woven wastes (cotton based fabrics 5x10 cm) by applying a chemical activation procedure with H3PO4. This treatment was performed using several H3PO4: Cotton based fabrics weight ratios (1:2–2:1), temperatures (600–900 ºC) and activation times (0.5–2 h). The ACF obtained under the best activation conditions showed BET surface area of 1103 m2/g; this result along with iodine index demonstrated the microporous nature of the fibers herein obtained. Then, the obtained fibers were impregnated with ionic silver particles by immersion in 0.1 and 0.5 M AgNO3 solutions followed by drying and thermal decomposition in order to fix the silver particles in the structure of ACF. It was determined that the presence of Ag ions lowered the BET surface area of the ACF in approximately 17 % due to the obstruction of the porosities along the carbonized structure. Finally, the antibacterial effect of the ACF impregnated with silver was studied through direct counting method for coliforms. The antibacterial activity of the impregnated fibers was demonstrated, and it was attributed to the strongly inhibition of bacteria growth because of chemical properties of the particles of silver inside the ACF. This behavior was demonstrated at concentrations of silver as low as 0.035 % w/w. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title="activated carbon">activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title=" antibacterial activity"> antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coliforms" title=" coliforms"> coliforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20area" title=" surface area"> surface area</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58753/preparation-of-activated-carbon-fibers-acf-impregnated-with-ionic-silver-particles-from-cotton-woven-waste-and-its-performance-as-antibacterial-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> Durability Study of Pultruded CFRP Plates under Sustained Bending in Distilled Water and Seawater Immersions: Effects on the Visco-Elastic Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Innocent%20Kafodya">Innocent Kafodya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guijun%20Xian"> Guijun Xian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents effects of distilled water, seawater and sustained bending strains of 30% and 50% ultimate strain at room temperature, on the durability of unidirectional pultruded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates. In this study, dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) was used to investigate the synergic effects of the immersions and bending strains on the visco-elastic properties of (CFRP) such as storage modulus, tan delta and glass transition temperature. The study reveals that the storage modulus and glass transition temperature increase while tan delta peak decreases in the initial stage of both immersions due to the progression of curing. The storage modulus and Tg subsequently decrease and tan delta increases due to the matrix plasticization. The blister induced damages in the unstrained seawater samples enhance water uptake and cause more serious degradation of Tg and storage modulus than in water immersion. Increasing sustained bending decreases Tg and storage modulus in a long run for both immersions due to resin matrix cracking and debonding. The combined effects of immersions and strains are not clearly reflected due to the statistical effects of DMA sample sizes and competing processes of molecular reorientation and postcuring. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pultruded%20CFRP%20plate" title="pultruded CFRP plate">pultruded CFRP plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20strain" title=" bending strain"> bending strain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20transition%20temperature" title=" glass transition temperature"> glass transition temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage%20modulus" title=" storage modulus"> storage modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tan%20delta" title=" tan delta"> tan delta</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19878/durability-study-of-pultruded-cfrp-plates-under-sustained-bending-in-distilled-water-and-seawater-immersions-effects-on-the-visco-elastic-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> Building a Transformative Continuing Professional Development Experience for Educators through a Principle-Based, Technological-Driven Knowledge Building Approach: A Case Study of a Professional Learning Team in Secondary Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melvin%20Chan">Melvin Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chew%20Lee%20Teo"> Chew Lee Teo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There has been a growing emphasis in elevating the teachers’ proficiency and competencies through continuing professional development (CPD) opportunities. In this era of a Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, Ambiguous (VUCA) world, teachers are expected to be collaborative designers, critical thinkers and creative builders. However, many of the CPD structures are still revolving in the model of transmission, which stands in contradiction to the cultivation of future-ready teachers for the innovative world of emerging technologies. This article puts forward the framing of CPD through a Principle-Based, Technological-Driven Knowledge Building Approach grounded in the essence of andragogy and progressive learning theories where growth is best exemplified through an authentic immersion in a social/community experience-based setting. Putting this Knowledge Building Professional Development Model (KBPDM) in operation via a Professional Learning Team (PLT) situated in a Secondary School in Singapore, research findings reveal that the intervention has led to a fundamental change in the learning paradigm of the teachers, henceforth equipping and empowering them successfully in their pedagogical design and practices for a 21<sup>st</sup> century classroom experience. This article concludes with the possibility in leveraging the Learning Analytics to deepen the CPD experiences for educators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continual%20professional%20development" title="continual professional development">continual professional development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20building" title=" knowledge building"> knowledge building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20paradigm" title=" learning paradigm"> learning paradigm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principle-based" title=" principle-based"> principle-based</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115589/building-a-transformative-continuing-professional-development-experience-for-educators-through-a-principle-based-technological-driven-knowledge-building-approach-a-case-study-of-a-professional-learning-team-in-secondary-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115589.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> Giant Achievements in Food Processing </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farnaz%20Amidi%20Fazli">Farnaz Amidi Fazli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> After long period of human experience about food processing from raw eating to canning of food in the last century now it is time to use novel technologies which are sometimes completely different from common technologies. It is possible to decontaminate food without using heat or the foods are stored without using cold chain. Pulsed electric ﬁeld (PEF) processing is a non-thermal method of food preservation that uses short bursts of electricity, PEF can be used for processing liquid and semi-liquid food products. PEF processing offers high quality fresh-like liquid foods with excellent ﬂavor, nutritional value, and shelf-life. High pressure processing (HPP) technology has the potential to fulfill both consumer and scientific requirements. The use of HPP for over 50 years has found applications in non-food industries. For food applications, ‘high pressure’ can be generally considered to be up to 600 MPa for most food products. After years, freezing has its high potential to food preservation due to new and quick freezing methods. Foods which are prepared by this technology have more acceptability and high quality comparing with old fashion slow freezing. Thus, quick freezing has further been adopted as a widespread commercial method for long-term preservation of perishable foods which improved both the health and convenience of everyone in the industrialised countries. Above parameters are achieved by Fluidised-bed freezing systems, freezing by immersion and Hydrofluidisation on the other hand new thawing methods like high-pressure, microwave, ohmic, and acoustic thawing have a key role in quality and adaptability of final product. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quick%20freezing" title="quick freezing">quick freezing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thawing" title=" thawing"> thawing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20pressure" title=" high pressure"> high pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20electric" title=" pulse electric"> pulse electric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrofluidisation" title=" hydrofluidisation"> hydrofluidisation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2274/giant-achievements-in-food-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">96</span> Study of Corrosion Behavior of Experimental Alloys with Different Levels of Cr and High Levels of Mo Compared to Aisi 444</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20P.%20R.%20N.%20Barroso">Ana P. R. N. Barroso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maur%C3%ADcio%20N.%20Kleinberg"> Maurício N. Kleinberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederico%20R.%20Silva"> Frederico R. Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodrigo%20F.%20Guimar%C3%A3es"> Rodrigo F. Guimarães</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcelo%20M.%20V.%20Parente"> Marcelo M. V. Parente</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walney%20S.%20Ara%C3%BAjo"> Walney S. Araújo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fight against accelerated wear of the equipment used in the oil and gas sector is a challenge for minimizing maintenance costs. Corrosion being one of the main agents of equipment deterioration, we seek alternative materials that exhibit improved corrosion resistance at low cost of production. This study aims to evaluate the corrosion behavior of experimental alloys containing 15% and 17% of chromium (Cr) and 5% of molybdenum (Mo) in comparison with an AISI 444 commercial alloy. Microstructural analyzes were performed on samples of the alloys before and after the electrochemical tests. Two samples of each solubilized alloy were also taken for analysis of the corrosion behavior by testing potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) with immersion time of 24 hours in electrolytic solution with acidic character. The graphics obtained through electrochemical tests of PP and EIS indicated that among the experimental alloys, the alloy with higher chromium content (17%) had a higher corrosion resistance, confirming the beneficial effect of adding chromium. When comparing the experimental alloys with the AISI 444 commercial alloy, it is observed that the AISI 444 commercial alloy showed superior corrosion resistance to that of the experimental alloys for both assays, PP and EIS. The microstructural analyzes performed after the PP and EIS tests confirmed the results previously described. These results suggest that the addition of these levels of molybdenum did not favor the electrochemical behavior of experimental ferritic alloys for the electrolytic medium studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title="corrosion">corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molybdenum" title=" molybdenum"> molybdenum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20tests" title=" electrochemical tests"> electrochemical tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20alloys" title=" experimental alloys"> experimental alloys</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21411/study-of-corrosion-behavior-of-experimental-alloys-with-different-levels-of-cr-and-high-levels-of-mo-compared-to-aisi-444" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21411.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">573</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">95</span> African Traders Beyond China: Delving Into Their Entrepreneurial Activities Following COVID-19</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phillip%20Thebe">Phillip Thebe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> African traders in China have generated magnanimous attention from scholars because of their choices to take short-term trips to Guangzhou and other places in search of cheaper products taking advantage of the status of China as a "global manufacturing hub". Nevertheless, their activities only gained traction at the turn of the millennium, with their presence in China incrementally dwindling over the next two decades. Now, with the devastating effects of COVID-19, their journeys have had to be totally cut short by unending lockdowns and stiff migration rules due to China's zero-tolerance of COVID-19 policy. This unfortunate yet untimely occurrence has left many scholars wondering if this marks the end of African traders in China and, indeed, the end of their business careers. Between March and September 2022, 20 traders were followed back to Africa, Zimbabwe, to find out what they are doing after having been shut out of China. Data was collected through ethnographic immersion and purposive in-depth interviewing in and around the city of Bulawayo. Snowballing was employed to reach out to the traders until a saturation point was reached and interview transcripts were filed for analysis. The findings revealed that some still trading online in China, report different opinions and feelings about doing business during COVID-19. Others have left the Chinese marketplace, now pursuing European industries in Turkey and other places. Others are still getting Chinese goods but in African countries such as Tanzania, Mozambique, South Africa, and Botswana. Some are now into the second-hand clothing trade, whereas others have stopped doing business to pursue other life-course interests. These and other issues are addressed in this paper from the anthropology of migration and globalization perspectives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title="entrepreneurship">entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20traders" title=" African traders"> African traders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africans%20in%20China" title=" Africans in China"> Africans in China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150420/african-traders-beyond-china-delving-into-their-entrepreneurial-activities-following-covid-19" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">94</span> Ama de Casa: Gender Division of Labor the Response to Environmental and Economic Constraints, Ecuador</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tyrus%20C.%20Torres">Tyrus C. Torres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Harris"> Michael Harris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a coastal town of Ecuador, the role of women is commonly defined as an ama de casa, a woman who works in the house, raises children, and contributes to the community. This project, under the guidance of Dr. Michael Harris from the Florida Atlantic University, seeks to understand how the role of an ama de casa provides a secure environment for men and women, coexists with economic and environmental constraints that explain the origins of how this environment has been formed. The coastal community aspects of familia (family), trabajo (work), relación (relationships), machismo (masculinity), feminista (femininity), and the culture of Ecuador define the ways of life in a coastal setting. This ethnographic research project included the following methodologies: environment mapping, conducting interviews, surveys, participant observation, direct and indirect observations, and integration into daily life. Immersion into the daily life and building relationships with the local people allowed the documentation of intricacies of both the cultural and social spheres. The findings of this research offer insight on how culture, economics, and environment can form female and male agency. Our investigation shows that occupations such as fishermen, laborers, ama de casas, and even students utilize occupational routes to create social agency in the face of economic and environmental constraints in Ecuador. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnography" title=" ethnography"> ethnography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20division%20of%20labor" title=" gender division of labor"> gender division of labor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20roles" title=" gender roles"> gender roles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87503/ama-de-casa-gender-division-of-labor-the-response-to-environmental-and-economic-constraints-ecuador" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">93</span> Studies of the Corrosion Kinetics of Metal Alloys in Stagnant Simulated Seawater Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Kabir">G. Kabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Mohammed"> A. M. Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Bawa"> M. A. Bawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents corrosion behaviors of Naval Brass, aluminum alloy and carbon steel in simulated seawater under stagnant conditions. The behaviors were characterized on the variation of chloride ions concentration in the range of 3.0wt% and 3.5wt% and exposure time. The weight loss coupon-method immersion technique was employed. The weight loss for the various alloys was measured. Based on the obtained results, the corrosion rate was determined. It was found that the corrosion rates of the various alloys are related to the chloride ions concentrations, exposure time and kinetics of passive film formation of the various alloys. Carbon steel, suffers corrosion many folds more than Naval Brass. This indicated that the alloy exhibited relatively strong resistance to corrosion in the exposure environment of the seawater. Whereas, the aluminum alloy exhibited an excellent and beneficial resistance to corrosion more than the Naval Brass studied. Despite the prohibitive cost, Naval Brass and aluminum alloy, indicated to have beneficial corrosion behavior that can offer wide range of application in seashore operations. The corrosion kinetics parameters indicated that the corrosion reaction is limited by diffusion mass transfer of the corrosion reaction elements and not by reaction controlled. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alloys" title="alloys">alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chloride%20ions%20concentration" title=" chloride ions concentration"> chloride ions concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20kinetics" title=" corrosion kinetics"> corrosion kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20rate" title=" corrosion rate"> corrosion rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20mass%20transfer" title=" diffusion mass transfer"> diffusion mass transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exposure%20time" title=" exposure time"> exposure time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seawater" title=" seawater"> seawater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight%20loss" title=" weight loss"> weight loss</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5524/studies-of-the-corrosion-kinetics-of-metal-alloys-in-stagnant-simulated-seawater-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">92</span> Characterization the Internal Corrosion Behavior by Using Natural Inhibitor in Crude Oil of Low Carbon Steel Pipeline</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iman%20Adnan%20Annon">Iman Adnan Annon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kadhim%20F.%20Alsultan"> Kadhim F. Alsultan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigate the internal corrosion of low carbon steel pipelines in the crude oil, as well as prepare and use natural and locally available plant as a natural corrosion inhibiter, the nature extraction achieved by two types of solvents in order to show the solvent effect on inhibition process, the first being distilled water and the second is diethyl ether. FT-IR spectra and using a chemical reagents achieved to detection the presence of many active groups and the presence of tannins, phenols, and alkaloids in the natural extraction. Some experiments were achieved to estimate the performance of a new inhibitor, one of these tests include corrosion measurement by simple immersion in crude oil within and without inhibitors which added in different amounts 30,40,50and 60 ppm at tow temperature 300 and 323k, where the best inhibition efficiencies which get when added the inhibitors in a critical amounts or closest to it, since for the aqueous extract (EB-A) the inhibition efficiency reached (94.4) and (86.71)% at 300 and 323k respectively, and for diethyl ether extract (EB-D) reached (82.87) and (84.6)% at 300 and 323k respectively. Optical microscopy examination have been conducted to evaluate the corrosion nature where it show a clear difference in the topography of the immersed samples surface after add the inhibitors at two temperatures. The results show that the new corrosion inhibitor is not only equivalent to a chemical inhibitor but has greatly improvement properties such as: high efficiency, low cost, non-toxic, easily to produce, and nonpolluting as compared with chemical inhibitor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20in%20pipeline" title="corrosion in pipeline">corrosion in pipeline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inhibitors" title=" inhibitors"> inhibitors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20oil" title=" crude oil"> crude oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20steel" title=" carbon steel"> carbon steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=types%20of%20solvent" title=" types of solvent"> types of solvent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143633/characterization-the-internal-corrosion-behavior-by-using-natural-inhibitor-in-crude-oil-of-low-carbon-steel-pipeline" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143633.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">91</span> Modification of Date Palm Leaflets Fibers Used as Thermoplastic Reinforcement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Almi">K. Almi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.Lakel"> S.Lakel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Benchabane"> A. Benchabane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kriker"> A. Kriker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fiber–matrix compatibility can be improved if suitable enforcements are chosen. Whenever the reinforcements have more thermal stability, they can resist to the main processes for wood–thermoplastic composites. This paper is an investigation of effect of different treatment process on the mechanical proprieties and on the thermal stability of date palm leaflets fibers with a view to improve the date palm fiber proprieties used as reinforcement of thermoplastic materials which main processes require extrusion, hot press. To compare the effect of alkali and acid treatment on the date palm leaflets fiber properties, different treatment were used such as Sodium hydroxide NaOH solution, aluminium chloride AlCl3 and acid treatment with HCL solution. All treatments were performed at 70°C for 4h and 48 h. The mechanical performance (tensile strength and elongation) is affected by immersion time in alkaline and acid solutions. The reduction of the tensile strength and elongation of fibers at 48h was higher in acid treatment than in alkali treatment at high concentration. No significant differences were observed in mechanical and thermal proprieties of raw fibers and fibers submerged in AlCl3 at low concentration 1% for 48h. Fibers treated by NaOH at 6% for 4h showed significant increase in the mechanical proprieties and thermal stability of date palm leaflets fibers. Hence, soda treatment is necessary to improve the fibers proprieties and consequently optimize the composite performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=date%20palm%20fibers" title="date palm fibers">date palm fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20treatments" title=" surface treatments"> surface treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoplastic%20composites" title=" thermoplastic composites"> thermoplastic composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20analysis" title=" thermal analysis"> thermal analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15299/modification-of-date-palm-leaflets-fibers-used-as-thermoplastic-reinforcement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> Canadian French as an Additional Language Teacher Candidates' Proficiency and Confidence Pre- and Post-Francophone Home-Stay: Practicum Experience as Revealed through Questionnaire and Interviews</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Callie%20Mady">Callie Mady</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the Canadian French as an additional language teacher candidates’ confidence and language maintenance strategies by means of questionnaires and interviews pre- and post- a Francophone home-stay practicum experience. Teacher French language proficiency is one of the components of teacher knowledge that can influence students’ French as an additional language acquisition. Although advantageous, seeking opportunities to use French in a French milieu comes with challenges. Teachers, for example, have been found to be hesitant to speak French with native speakers for fear of judgment. Another identified challenge to spending time in a French milieu is finances; while teachers have recognized the value of such an experience, cost is prohibitive. In recognition of the potential barriers and the need to maintain/improve the French proficiency of 'French as an additional language' teachers, this study provided a two-week home stay in a Francophone environment for teacher candidates of French as an additional language with financial subsidies for their participation. Through the post-experience interviews, the French as an additional language teacher candidates revealed an improvement in French proficiency. Similarly, the teacher candidates cited an increase in confidence in the interviews and through the questionnaire. They linked this increase in proficiency and confidence to their experiences with their host families and other Francophone members of the community. This study highlights the provision of immersion experiences as means to support teachers’ language confidence and proficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=French%20as%20an%20additional%20language%20education" title="French as an additional language education">French as an additional language education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20language%20confidence" title=" teacher language confidence"> teacher language confidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20language%20maintenance" title=" teacher language maintenance"> teacher language maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20language%20proficiency" title=" teacher language proficiency"> teacher language proficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79010/canadian-french-as-an-additional-language-teacher-candidates-proficiency-and-confidence-pre-and-post-francophone-home-stay-practicum-experience-as-revealed-through-questionnaire-and-interviews" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79010.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> How Do L1 Teachers Assess Haitian Immigrant High School Students in Chile? </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gloria%20Toledo">Gloria Toledo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrea%20Lizasoain"> Andrea Lizasoain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leonardo%20Mena"> Leonardo Mena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Immigration has largely increased in Chile in the last 20 years. About 6.6% of our population is foreign, from which 14.3% is Haitian. Haitians are between 15 and 29 years old and have come to Chile escaping from a social crisis. They believe that education and work will help them do better in life. Therefore, rates of Haitian students in the Chilean school system have also increased: there were 3,121 Haitian students enrolled in 2017. This is a challenge for the public school, which takes in young people who must face schooling, social immersion and learning of a second language simultaneously. The linguistic barrier affects both students’ and teachers’ adaptation process, which has an impact on the students’ academic performance and consequent acquisition of Spanish. In order to explore students’ academic performance and interlanguage development, we examined how L1 teachers assess Haitian high school students’ written production in Spanish. With this purpose, teachers were asked to use a specially designed grid to assess correction, accommodation, lexical and analytical complexity, organization and fluency of both Haitian and Chilean students. Parallelly, texts were approached from an error analysis perspective. Results from grids and error analysis were then compared. On the one hand, it has been found that teachers give very little feedback to students apart from scores and grades, which does not contribute to the development of the second language. On the other hand, error analysis has yielded that Haitian students are in a dynamic process of the acquisition of Spanish, which could be enhanced if L1 teacher were aware of the process of interlanguage developmen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title="assessment">assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20analysis" title=" error analysis"> error analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grid" title=" grid"> grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigration" title=" immigration"> immigration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spanish%20aquisition" title=" Spanish aquisition"> Spanish aquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=writing" title=" writing"> writing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117568/how-do-l1-teachers-assess-haitian-immigrant-high-school-students-in-chile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">88</span> Modular 3D Environmental Development for Augmented Reality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20William%20Taylor">Kevin William Taylor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work used industry-standard practices and technologies as a foundation to explore current and future advancements in modularity for 3D environmental production. Covering environmental generation, and AI-assisted generation, this study investigated how these areas will shape the industries goal to achieve full immersion within augmented reality environments. This study will explore modular environmental construction techniques utilized in large scale 3D productions. This will include the reasoning behind this approach to production, the principles in the successful development, potential pitfalls, and different methodologies for successful implementation of practice in commercial and proprietary interactive engines. A focus will be on the role of the 3D artists in the future of environmental development, requiring adaptability to new approaches, as the field evolves in response to tandem technological advancements. Industry findings and projections theorize how these factors will impact the widespread utilization of augmented reality in daily life. This will continue to inform the direction of technology towards expansive interactive environments. It will change the tools and techniques utilized in the development of environments for game, film, and VFX. This study concludes that this technology will be the cornerstone for the creation of AI-driven AR that is able to fully theme our world, change how we see and engage with one another. This will impact the concept of a virtual self-identity that will be as prevalent as real-world identity. While this progression scares or even threaten some, it is safe to say that we are seeing the beginnings of a technological revolution that will surpass the impact that the smartphone had on modern society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title="virtual reality">virtual reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmented%20reality" title=" augmented reality"> augmented reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20environments" title=" 3D environments"> 3D environments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112494/modular-3d-environmental-development-for-augmented-reality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">87</span> Sheathed Cotton Fibers: Material for Oil-Spill Cleanup</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjamin%20M%20Dauda">Benjamin M Dauda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Ibrahim"> Esther Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Gadimoh"> Sylvester Gadimoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asabe%20Mustapha"> Asabe Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiyah%20Mohammed"> Jiyah Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite diverse optimization techniques on natural hydrophilic fibers, hydrophobic synthetic fibers are still the best oil sorption materials. However, these hydrophobic fibers are not biodegradable, making their disposal problematic. To this end, this work sets out to develop Nonwoven sorbents from epoxy-coated Cotton fibers. As a way of improving the compatibility of the crude oil and reduction of moisture absorption, cotton fibers were coated with epoxy resin by immersion in acetone-thinned epoxy solution. A needle-punching machine was used to convert the fibers into coherent nonwoven sheets. An oil sorption experiment was then carried out. The result indicates that the developed epoxy-modified sorbent has a higher crude oil-sorption capacity compared with those of untreated cotton and commercial polypropylene sorbents. Absorption Curves show that the coated fiber and polypropylene sorbent saturated faster than the uncoated cotton fiber pad. The result also shows that the coated cotton sorbent adsorbed crude faster than the polypropylene sorbent, and the equilibrium exhaustion was also higher. After a simple mechanical squeezing process, the Nonwoven pads could be restored to their original form and repeatedly recycled for oil/water separation. The results indicate that the cotton-coated non-woven pads hold promise for the cleanup of oil spills. Our data suggests that the sorption behaviors of the epoxy-coated Nonwoven pads and their crude oil sorption capacity are relatively stable under various environmental conditions compared to the commercial sheet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20spill" title="oil spill">oil spill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton" title=" cotton"> cotton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy" title=" epoxy"> epoxy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonwoven" title=" nonwoven"> nonwoven</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183396/sheathed-cotton-fibers-material-for-oil-spill-cleanup" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">86</span> Durability of Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete to Corrosion in Chloride Environment: An Experimental Study, Part I</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20Alrubaie">M. F. Alrubaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Salih"> S. A. Salih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20Abbas"> W. A. Abbas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Slurry infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) is considered as a special type of high strength high-performance fiber reinforced concrete, extremely strong, and ductile. The objective of this study is to investigate the durability of SIFCON to corrosion in chloride environments. Six different SIFCON mixes were made in addition to two refinance mixes with 0% and 1.5% steel fiber content. All mixes were exposed to 10% chloride solution for 180 days. Half of the specimens were partially immersed in chloride solution, and the others were exposed to weekly cycles of wetting and drying in 10% chloride solution. The effectiveness of using corrosion inhibitors, mineral admixture, and epoxy protective coating were also evaluated as protective measures to reduce the effect of chloride attack and to improve the corrosion resistance of SIFCON mixes. Corrosion rates, half-cell potential, electrical resistivity, total permeability tests had been monitored monthly. The results indicated a significant improvement in performance for SIFCON mixes exposed to chloride environment, when using corrosion inhibitor or epoxy protective coating, whereas SIFCON mix contained mineral admixture (metakaolin) did not improve the corrosion resistance at the same level. The cyclic wetting and drying exposure were more aggressive to the specimens than the partial immersion in chloride solution although the observed surface corrosion for the later was clearer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chloride%20attack" title="chloride attack">chloride attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chloride%20environments" title=" chloride environments"> chloride environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20inhibitor" title=" corrosion inhibitor"> corrosion inhibitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20resistance" title=" corrosion resistance"> corrosion resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SIFCON" title=" SIFCON"> SIFCON</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slurry%20infiltrated%20fiber%20concrete" title=" slurry infiltrated fiber concrete"> slurry infiltrated fiber concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102210/durability-of-slurry-infiltrated-fiber-concrete-to-corrosion-in-chloride-environment-an-experimental-study-part-i" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">85</span> A Program Evaluation of TALMA Full-Year Fellowship Teacher Preparation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emilee%20M.%20Cruz">Emilee M. Cruz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Teachers take part in short-term teaching fellowships abroad, and their preparation before, during, and after the experience is critical to affecting teachers’ feelings of success in the international classroom. A program evaluation of the teacher preparation within TALMA: The Israel Program for Excellence in English (TALMA) full-year teaching fellowship was conducted. A questionnaire was developed that examined professional development, deliberate reflection, and cultural and language immersion offered before, during, and after the short-term experience. The evaluation also surveyed teachers’ feelings of preparedness for the Israeli classroom and any recommendations they had for future teacher preparation within the fellowship program. The review suggests the TALMA program includes integrated professional learning communities between fellows and Israeli co-teachers, more opportunities for immersive Hebrew language learning, a broader professional network with Israelis, and opportunities for guided discussion with the TALMA community continued participation in TALMA events and learning following the full-year fellowship. Similar short-term international programs should consider the findings in the design of their participation preparation programs. The review also offers direction for future program evaluation of short-term participant preparation, including the need for frequent response item updates to match current offerings and evaluation of participant feelings of preparedness before, during, and after the full-year fellowship. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20program%20evaluation" title="educational program evaluation">educational program evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20teaching" title=" international teaching"> international teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short-term%20teaching" title=" short-term teaching"> short-term teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20beliefs" title=" teacher beliefs"> teacher beliefs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20fellowship" title=" teaching fellowship"> teaching fellowship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20preparation" title=" teacher preparation"> teacher preparation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137636/a-program-evaluation-of-talma-full-year-fellowship-teacher-preparation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137636.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">84</span> An Optimal Path for Virtual Reality Education using Association Rules</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Patterson">Adam Patterson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study analyzes the self-reported experiences of virtual reality users to develop insight into an optimal learning path for education within virtual reality. This research uses a sample of 1000 observations to statistically define factors influencing (i) immersion level and (ii) motion sickness rating for virtual reality experience respondents of college age. This paper recommends an efficient duration for each virtual reality session, to minimize sickness and maximize engagement, utilizing modern machine learning methods such as association rules. The goal of this research, in augmentation with previous literature, is to inform logistical decisions relating to implementation of pilot instruction for virtual reality at the collegiate level. Future research will include a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) to quantify the effect of virtual reality education on student learning outcomes and engagement measures. Current research aims to maximize the treatment effect within the RCT by optimizing the learning benefits of virtual reality. Results suggest significant gender heterogeneity amongst likelihood of reporting motion sickness. Females are 1.7 times more likely, than males, to report high levels of motion sickness resulting from a virtual reality experience. Regarding duration, respondents were 1.29 times more likely to select the lowest level of motion sickness after an engagement lasting between 24.3 and 42 minutes. Conversely, respondents between 42 to 60 minutes were 1.2 times more likely to select the higher levels of motion sickness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applications%20and%20integration%20of%20e-education" title="applications and integration of e-education">applications and integration of e-education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practices%20and%20cases%20in%20e-education" title=" practices and cases in e-education"> practices and cases in e-education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20and%20technologies%20in%20e-education" title=" systems and technologies in e-education"> systems and technologies in e-education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20adoption%20and%20diffusion%20of%20e-learning" title=" technology adoption and diffusion of e-learning"> technology adoption and diffusion of e-learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168112/an-optimal-path-for-virtual-reality-education-using-association-rules" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">83</span> Impact of Edible Coatings Made of Chitosan and Spray Dried Propolis in the Shell Life of White Cachama (Piaractus brachypomus)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Guillermo%20Piedrahita%20Marquez">David Guillermo Piedrahita Marquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hector%20Suarez%20Mahecha"> Hector Suarez Mahecha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jairo%20%20Humberto%20Lopez"> Jairo Humberto Lopez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a need to preserve aquaculture matrices due to their high nutritional value, and its broad consumption, one of those species is the white cachama (Piaractus brachypomus), this fish is located in the rivers of eastern Colombia, and the previously mentioned species needs more study. Therefore, in a paper the effects of an alternative method of preservation of shell life were investigated, the method used is the application of an edible coating made from chitosan and ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) encapsulated in maltodextrin. The coating was applied by immersion, and after that, we investigated the post mortem quality changes of the fish performing physicochemical and microbiological analysis. pH, volatile bases, test thiobarbituric acid and peroxide value were tested; finally, we studied the effect of the coating on mesophilic strains, coliforms and other microorganisms such as Staphylococcus, and Salmonella. Finally, we concluded that the coating prolongs the shelf life because it acts as a barrier to oxygen and moisture, the bioactive compounds trap free radicals and the coatings changes the metabolism and cause the cell lysis of the microorganisms. It was determined that the concentration of malonaldehyde, the volatile basic nitrogen content and pH are the variables that distinguish more clearly between the samples with the treatment and the control samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title="antimicrobial activity">antimicrobial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20oxidation" title=" lipid oxidation"> lipid oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture%20profile%20analysis%20%28TPA%29" title=" texture profile analysis (TPA)"> texture profile analysis (TPA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensorial%20analysis" title=" sensorial analysis"> sensorial analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroxide%20value" title=" peroxide value"> peroxide value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thiobarbituric%20acid%20assay%20%28TBA%29" title=" thiobarbituric acid assay (TBA)"> thiobarbituric acid assay (TBA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20volatile%20basic%20nitrogen%20%28TVB-N%29" title=" total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N)"> total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62819/impact-of-edible-coatings-made-of-chitosan-and-spray-dried-propolis-in-the-shell-life-of-white-cachama-piaractus-brachypomus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">82</span> Immersive and Interactive Storytelling: Exploring Narratives and Online Multisensory Experience for Cultural Memory and Collective Awareness through Graphic Novel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Greco">Cristina Greco</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The spread of the digital and we-based technologies has led to a transformation process, which has coincided with an increase in the number of cases who are beyond the mainstream storytelling and its codes on the interaction with the user. On the base of a previous research on i-docs and virtual museums, this study analyses interactive and immersive online Graphic Novel – one-page, animated, illustrated, and hybrid – to reflect on the transformational implications of this expressive form on the user perception, remembrance, and awareness. The way in which the user experiences a certain level of interaction with the story and immersion in the semantic and figurative universe would bring user’s attention, activating introspection and self-reflection processes, perception, imagination, and creativity. This would have to do with the involvement of different senses – visual, proprioceptive, tactile, auditory, and vestibular – and the activation of a phenomenon of synaesthesia (involuntary cross-modal sensory association) – where, for example, the aural reconnect the user to another sense, providing a multisensory experience. The case studies show specific forms of interactive and immersive graphic novel and reflect on application that has sought to engage innovative ways to communicate different messages and stimulate cultural memory and collective awareness. The visual semiotic and narrative analysis of the distinctive traits of such a complex textuality, along with a study of the user’s experience through observation in naturalistic settings and interviews, allows us to question the functioning of these configurations, with regard to the relationships between the figurative dimension, the perceptive activity, and their impact on the user’s engagement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20awareness" title="collective awareness">collective awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20memory" title=" cultural memory"> cultural memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphic%20novel" title=" graphic novel"> graphic novel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactive%20and%20immersive%20storytelling" title=" interactive and immersive storytelling"> interactive and immersive storytelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113110/immersive-and-interactive-storytelling-exploring-narratives-and-online-multisensory-experience-for-cultural-memory-and-collective-awareness-through-graphic-novel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">81</span> Gastronomy: The Preferred Digital Business Models and Impacts in Business Economics within Hospitality, Tourism, and Catering Sectors through Online Commerce</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Oupa%20Hlatshwayo">John Oupa Hlatshwayo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: There seem to be preferred digital business models with varying impacts within hospitality, tourism and catering sub-sectors explored through online commerce, as all are ingrained in the business economics domain. Aim: A study aims to establish if such phenomena (Digital Business Models) exist and to what extent if any, within the hospitality, tourism and catering industries, respectively. Setting: This is a qualitative study conducted by exploring several (Four) institutions globally through Case Studies. Method: This research explored explanatory case studies to answer questions about ‘how’ or ’why’ with little control by a researcher over the occurrence of events. It is qualitative research, deductive, and inductive methods. Hence, a comprehensive approach to analyzing qualitative data was attainable through immersion by reading to understand the information. Findings: The results corroborated the notion that digital business models are applicable, by and large, in business economics. Thus, three sectors wherein enterprises operate in the business economics sphere have been narrowed down i.e. hospitality, tourism and catering, are also referred to as triangular polygons due to the atypical nature of being ‘stand-alone’, yet ‘sub-sectors’, but there are confounding factors to consider. Conclusion: The significance of digital business models and digital transformation shows an inevitable merger between business and technology within Hospitality, Tourism, and Catering. Contribution: Such symbiotic relationship of business and technology, persistent evolution of clients’ interface with end-products, forever changing market, current adaptation as well as adjustment to ‘new world order’ by enterprises must be embraced constantly without fail by Business Practitioners, Academics, Business Students, Organizations and Governments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20business%20models" title="digital business models">digital business models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospitality" title=" hospitality"> hospitality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catering" title=" catering"> catering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20economics" title=" business economics"> business economics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172246/gastronomy-the-preferred-digital-business-models-and-impacts-in-business-economics-within-hospitality-tourism-and-catering-sectors-through-online-commerce" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">80</span> Learning Communities and Collaborative Reflection for Teaching Improvement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20Paz%20Sajon">Mariana Paz Sajon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Cecilia%20Primogerio"> Paula Cecilia Primogerio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20Albarracin"> Mariana Albarracin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study recovers an experience of teacher training carried out in an Undergraduate Business School from a private university in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The purpose of the project was to provide teachers with an opportunity to reflect on their teaching practices at the university. The aim of the study is to systematize lessons and challenges that emerge from this teacher training experience. A group of teachers who showed a willingness to learn teaching abilities was selected to work. They completed a formative journey working in learning communities starting from the immersion in different aspects of teaching and learning, class observations, and an individual and collaborative reflection exercise in a systematic way among colleagues. In this study, the productions of the eight teachers who are members of the learning communities are analyzed, framed in an e-portfolio that they prepared during the training journey. The analysis shows that after the process of shared reflection, traits related to powerful teaching and meaningful learning have appeared in the classes. For their part, teachers reflect having reached an awareness of their own practices, identifying strengths and opportunities for improvement, and the experience of sharing their own way and knowing the successes and failures of others was valued. It is an educational journey of pedagogical transformation of the teachers, which is infrequent in business education, which could lead to a change in teaching practices for the entire Business School. The present study involves theoretical and pedagogic aspects of education in a business school in Argentina and its flow-on implications for the workplace that may be transferred to other educational contexts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20community" title=" learning community"> learning community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meaningful%20learning" title=" meaningful learning"> meaningful learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powerful%20teaching" title=" powerful teaching"> powerful teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflective%20practice" title=" reflective practice"> reflective practice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140055/learning-communities-and-collaborative-reflection-for-teaching-improvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">79</span> Comparison of Low Velocity Impact Test on Coir Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricardo%20Mendoza">Ricardo Mendoza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Brice%C3%B1o"> Jason Briceño</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20F.%20Santa"> Juan F. Santa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Peluffo"> Gabriel Peluffo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mauricio%20M%C3%A1rquez"> Mauricio Márquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beatriz%20Cardozo"> Beatriz Cardozo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Guti%C3%A9rrez"> Carlos Gutiérrez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The most common controlled method to obtain impact strength of composites materials is performing a Charpy Impact Test which consists of a pendulum with calibrated mass and length released from a known height. In fact, composites components experience impact events in normal operations such as when a tool drops or a foreign object strikes it. These events are categorized into low velocity impact (LVI) which typically occurs at velocities below 10m/s. In this study, the major aim was to calculate the absorbed energy during the impact. Tests were performed on three types of composite panels: fiberglass laminated panels, coir fiber reinforced polyester and coir fiber reinforced polyester subjected to water immersion for 48 hours. Coir fibers were obtained in local plantations of the Caribbean coast of Colombia. They were alkali treated in 5% aqueous NaOH solution for 2h periods. Three type of shape impactors were used on drop-weight impact test including hemispherical, ogive and pointed. Failure mechanisms and failure modes of specimens were examined using an optical microscope. Results demonstrate a reduction in absorbed energy correlated with the increment of water absorption of the panels. For each level of absorbed energy, it was possible to associate a different fracture state. This study compares results of energy absorbed obtained from two impact test methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coir%20fiber" title="coir fiber">coir fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyester%20composites" title=" polyester composites"> polyester composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20velocity%20impact" title=" low velocity impact"> low velocity impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charpy%20impact%20test" title=" Charpy impact test"> Charpy impact test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drop-weight%20impact%20test" title=" drop-weight impact test"> drop-weight impact test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55674/comparison-of-low-velocity-impact-test-on-coir-fiber-reinforced-polyester-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55674.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">78</span> Intensity-Enhanced Super-Resolution Amplitude Apodization Effect on the Non-Spherical Near-Field Particle-Lenses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liyang%20Yue">Liyang Yue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bing%20Yan"> Bing Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20N.%20Monks"> James N. Monks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakesh%20Dhama"> Rakesh Dhama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zengbo%20Wang"> Zengbo Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oleg%20V.%20Minin"> Oleg V. Minin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20V.%20Minin"> Igor V. Minin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A particle can function as a refractive lens to focus a plane wave, generating a narrow, high intensive, weak-diverging beam within a sub-wavelength volume, known as the ‘photonic jet’. Refractive index contrast (particle to background media) and scaling effect of the dielectric particle (relative-to-wavelength size) play key roles in photonic jet formation, rather than the shape of particle-lens. Waist (full width of half maximum, FWHM) of a photonic jet could be beyond the diffraction limit and smaller than the Airy disk, which defines the minimum distance between two objects to be imaged as two instead of one. Many important applications for imaging and sensing have been afforded based upon the super-resolution characteristic of the photonic jet. It is known that apodization method, in the form of an amplitude pupil-mask centrally situated on a particle-lens, can further reduce the waist of a photonic nanojet, however, usually lower its intensity at the focus due to blocking of the incident light. In this paper, the anomalously intensity-enhanced apodization effect was discovered in the near-field via numerical simulation. It was also experimentally verified by a scale model using a copper-masked Teflon cuboid solid immersion lens (SIL) with 22 mm side length under radiation of a plane wave with 8 mm wavelength. Peak intensity enhancement and the lateral resolution of the produced photonic jet increased by about 36.0 % and 36.4 % in this approach, respectively. This phenomenon may possess the scale effect and would be valid in multiple frequency bands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apodization" title="apodization">apodization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle-lens" title=" particle-lens"> particle-lens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scattering" title=" scattering"> scattering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near-field%20optics" title=" near-field optics"> near-field optics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89302/intensity-enhanced-super-resolution-amplitude-apodization-effect-on-the-non-spherical-near-field-particle-lenses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89302.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> Quality of Bali Beef and Broiler after Immersion in Liquid Smoke on Different Concentrations and Storage Times</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Abustam">E. Abustam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yusuf"> M. Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20M.%20Ali"> H. M. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20I.%20Said"> M. I. Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20N.%20Yuliati"> F. N. Yuliati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to improve the durability and quality of Bali beef (M. Longissimus dorsi) and broiler carcass through the addition of liquid smoke as a natural preservative. This study was using Longissimus dorsi muscle from male Bali beef aged 3 years, broiler breast and thigh aged 40 days. Three types of meat were marinated in liquid smoke with concentrations of 0, 5, and 10% for 30 minutes at the level of 20% of the sample weight (w/w). The samples were storage at 2-5°C for 1 month. This study designed as a factorial experiment 3 x 3 x 4 based on a completely randomized design with 5 replications; the first factor was meat type (beef, chicken breast and chicken thigh); the 2nd factor was liquid smoke concentrations (0, 5, and 10%), and the 3rd factor was storage duration (1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks). Parameters measured were TBA value, total bacterial colonies, water holding capacity (WHC), shear force value both before and after cooking (80°C – 15min.), and cooking loss. The results showed that the type of meat produced WHC, shear force value, cooking loss and TBA differed between the three types of meat. Higher concentration of liquid smoke, the WHC, shear force value, TBA, and total bacterial colonies were decreased; at a concentration of 10% of liquid smoke, the total bacterial colonies decreased by 57.3% from untreated with liquid smoke. Longer storage, the total bacterial colonies and WHC were increased, while the shear force value and cooking loss were decreased. It can be concluded that a 10% concentration of liquid smoke was able to maintain fat oxidation and bacterial growth in Bali beef and chicken breast and thigh. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bali%20beef" title="Bali beef">Bali beef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chicken%20meat" title=" chicken meat"> chicken meat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20smoke" title=" liquid smoke"> liquid smoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20quality" title=" meat quality"> meat quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36881/quality-of-bali-beef-and-broiler-after-immersion-in-liquid-smoke-on-different-concentrations-and-storage-times" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">76</span> Influences on the Evolution of Le Corbusier's Early Work</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parima%20Kotanut">Parima Kotanut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is commonly known that Le Corbusier, a pivotal figure in modern architecture, developed a diverse range of architectural languages. Due to his emblematic work of the International Style has become a central focus in architectural education and historiography, many scholars have redirected their attention to the architect's formative years and early career. One of the significant contributions to this is the treatise titled Le Corbusier before Le Corbusier: Applied Arts, Architecture, Painting, Photography, 1907-1922, published in conjunction with an exhibition in Switzerland in 2002, aiming to provide an extensive catalog of Le Corbusier's personal life, the societal contexts he engaged with, and his artistic pursuits. While the publication offers profound insights into the experiences and ideologies that shaped his early works, it only partially addresses the influence of those formative ideas on his later practice. This raises a question regarding the long-term impact of his early experiences as Charles-Edouard Jeanneret upon his later practice as Le Corbusier. The research aims to re-examine theoretical frameworks proposed by Le Corbusier and other scholars in juxtaposition to his built works, correspondences, and artistic persona. Although there are several milestones shaping Le Corbusier's works, through historical research, the paper is divided into three categories: 1911 "Voyage d'Orient", the immersion in the technology of reinforced concrete, and the participation in the Parisian art world. These three experiences serve as a foundation for his lifetime theories concerning function, construction, and form of architecture, demonstrating how experiences beyond the architectural domain are critical to the design of buildings. Furthermore, this study intends to illuminate the contributions of lesser-known figures who consistently influenced Le Corbusier's passionate journey toward his architectural identity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title="architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Le%20Corbusier" title=" Le Corbusier"> Le Corbusier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=20th%20century%20architecture" title=" 20th century architecture"> 20th century architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20architecture" title=" modern architecture"> modern architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193463/influences-on-the-evolution-of-le-corbusiers-early-work" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> Investigating the Characteristics of Multi-Plastic Composites Prepared from a Mixture of Silk Fibers and Recycled Polycarbonate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razieh%20Shamsi">Razieh Shamsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Faezipour"> Mehdi Faezipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Abdolkhani"> Ali Abdolkhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, the characteristics of composites prepared from waste silk fibers and recycled polycarbonate polymer (used compacted boards) at four levels of 0, 10, 20, and 30% (silk fibers) and using 2% N- 2-Aminoethyl-3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane was investigated as a coupling agent and melt process method. Silk fibers (carpet weaving waste) with dimensions of 8-18 mm were prepared, and recycled polymer with 9 mesh grading was ground. Production boards in 3 thicknesses, 3 mm (tensile test samples), 5 mm (bending test samples, water absorption, and thickness shrinkage), 7 mm (impact resistance test samples) ) with a specific weight of 1 gram per cubic centimeter, hot pressing time and temperature of 12 minutes and 190 degrees Celsius with a pressure of 130 bar, cold pressing time of 6 minutes with a pressure of 50 bar and using the coupling agent N- (2- Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane was prepared in a constant amount of 2% of the dry weight of the filler. The results showed that, in general, by adding silk fibers to the base polymer, compared to the control samples (pure recycled polycarbonate polymer) and also by increasing the amount of silk fibers, almost all the resistances increased. The amount of water absorption of the constructed composite increased with the increase in the amount of silk fibers, and the thickness absorption was equal to 0% even after 72 hours of immersion in water. The thermal resistance of the pure recycled polymer was higher than the prepared composites, and by adding silk fibers to the base polymer and also by increasing the amount of silk fibers from 10 to 30%, the thermal resistance of the composites decreased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood%20composite" title="wood composite">wood composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20polycarbonate" title=" recycled polycarbonate"> recycled polycarbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silk%20fibers" title=" silk fibers"> silk fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer" title=" polymer"> polymer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154382/investigating-the-characteristics-of-multi-plastic-composites-prepared-from-a-mixture-of-silk-fibers-and-recycled-polycarbonate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Didactics of Literature within the Brechtian Theatre in Edward Albee's Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? and Ernest Lehman's Screenplay Adaptation from an Audiovisual Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angel%20Mauricio%20Castillo">Angel Mauricio Castillo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The background to the way theatrical performances and music dramas- as they were known in the mid-nineteenth century, provided the audience with a complete immersion into the feelings of the characters through poetry, music and other artistic representations which create a false sense of reality. However, a novel representation on stage some eighty years later, which is non-cathartic, is significant because it represents the antithesis to the common creations of the period and is originated by the separation of the elements as a dominant. A succinct description of the basic methodologies includes the sense of defamiliarization that results as a near translation of the German word Verfremdung will be referred to along this work as the V-effect (also known as the ‘alienation effect’) and will embody the representation of the performing techniques that enables the audience to watch a play being fully aware of its nature. A play might sometimes present the audience with a constant reminder that it is only a play; therefore, all elements will be introduced to provoke dissimilar reactions and opinions. A clear indication of the major findings of the study is that there is a strong correlation between Hegel, Marx and Brecht as it is disclosed how the didactics of Literature have been influencing not only Brecht’s productions but also every educational context in which these ideas are intertwined. The result is a new dialectical process that is to say, a new thesis that creates independent thinking skills on the part of the audience. Therefore, this model opposes to the Hegelian formula thesis-antithesis-synthesis in that the synthesis in the Brechtian theatre will inevitably fall into the category of a different thesis within an enlightening type of discourse. The confronting ideas of illusion versus reality will create a new dialectical thesis instead of resulting into a synthesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brechtian%20theatre" title="Brechtian theatre">Brechtian theatre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=didactics" title=" didactics"> didactics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literature" title=" literature"> literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79315/didactics-of-literature-within-the-brechtian-theatre-in-edward-albees-whos-afraid-of-virginia-woolf-and-ernest-lehmans-screenplay-adaptation-from-an-audiovisual-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> Synergistic Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide and Melatonin in Alleviating Vanadium Toxicity in Solanum lycopersicum L. Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abazar%20Ghorbani">Abazar Ghorbani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20M.%20Wishwajith%20W.%20Kandegama"> W. M. Wishwajith W. Kandegama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mehdi%20Razavi"> Seyed Mehdi Razavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moxian%20Chen"> Moxian Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The roles of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and melatonin (MT) as gasotransmitters in plants are widely recognised. Nevertheless, the precise nature of their involvement in defensive reactions remains uncertain. This study investigates the impact of the ML-H2S interaction on tomato plants exposed to vanadium (V) toxicity, focusing on synthesising secondary metabolites and V metal sequestration. The treatments applied in this study included a control (T1), V stress (T2), MT+V (T3), MT+H2S+V (T4), MT+hypotaurine (HT)+V (T5), and MT+H2S+HT+V (T6). These treatments were administered: MT (150 µM) as a foliar spray pre-treatment (3X), HT treatment (0.1 mM, an H2S scavenger) as root immersion for 12 hours as pre-treatments, and H2S (NaHS, 0.2 mM) and V (40 mg/L) treatments added to the Hoagland solution for 2 weeks. Results demonstrate that ML and H2S+ML treatments alleviate V toxicity by promoting the transcription of key genes (ANS, F3H, CHS, DFR, PAL, and CHI) involved in phenolic and anthocyanin biosynthesis. Moreover, they decreased V uptake and accumulation and enhanced the transcription of genes involved in glutathione and phytochelatin synthesis (GSH1, PCS, and ABC1), leading to V sequestration in roots and protection against V-induced damage. Additionally, ML and H2S+ML treatments optimize chlorophyll metabolism, and increase internal H2S levels, thereby promoting tomato growth under V stress. The combined treatment of ML+H2S shows superior effects compared to ML alone, suggesting synergistic/interactive effects between these two substances. Furthermore, inhibition of the beneficial impact of ML+H2S and ML treatments by HT, an H2S scavenger, underscores the significant involvement of H₂S in the signaling pathway activated by ML during V toxicity. Overall, these findings suggest that ML requires the presence of endogenous H₂S to mitigate V-induced adverse effects on tomato seedlings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20toxicity" title="vanadium toxicity">vanadium toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20metabolites" title=" secondary metabolites"> secondary metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20sequestration" title=" vanadium sequestration"> vanadium sequestration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=h2s-melatonin%20crosstalk" title=" h2s-melatonin crosstalk"> h2s-melatonin crosstalk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186069/synergistic-effects-of-hydrogen-sulfide-and-melatonin-in-alleviating-vanadium-toxicity-in-solanum-lycopersicum-l-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersion&page=4" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersion&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersion&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersion&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersion&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">5</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersion&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersion&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersion&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immersion&page=6" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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