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id="toc-Christology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Christology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_sinned_against" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_sinned_against"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>The sinned against</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_sinned_against-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Justification_by_faith" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Justification_by_faith"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Justification by faith</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Justification_by_faith-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chinese church leader (1915–2012)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Chinese_name" title="Chinese name">Chinese name</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_surname" title="Chinese surname">family name</a> is <i> <a href="/wiki/Ding_(surname)" title="Ding (surname)">Ting (Ding)</a></i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;color: #202122; background-color: #DFB0DF;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;">Bishop</div><br /><div style="display:inline" class="fn">K. H. Ting</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Native name</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="nickname" lang="zh">丁光訓</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Church</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Chung_Hua_Sheng_Kung_Hui" title="Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui">Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui</a>, <a href="/wiki/China_Christian_Council" title="China Christian Council">China Christian Council</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other post(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1915-09-20</span>)</span>20 September 1915<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Shanghai, China</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">22 November 2012<span style="display:none">(2012-11-22)</span> (aged 97)<br />Nanjing, China</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Denomination</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Siu-May Kuo</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Stephen Yenren Ting, Heping Ting</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_University,_Shanghai" title="St. John's University, Shanghai">St. John's University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Union_Theological_Seminary_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Theological Seminary (New York City)">Union Theological Seminary</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">K. H. Ting</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">丁光訓</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">丁光训</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Dīng Guāngxùn</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Ting<sup>1</sup> Kuang<sup>1</sup>-hsun<sup>4</sup></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>K. H. Ting</b>, <b>Ting Kuang-hsun</b> or <b>Ding Guangxun</b> (<a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">丁光訓</span>; 20 September 1915 – 22 November 2012), was Chairperson emeritus of the <a href="/wiki/Three-Self_Patriotic_Movement" title="Three-Self Patriotic Movement">Three-Self Patriotic Movement</a> (TSPM) and President emeritus of the <a href="/wiki/China_Christian_Council" title="China Christian Council">China Christian Council</a>, the government-approved <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> church in China. </p><p>Ting was trained in the <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> tradition and, in 1955, was consecrated as Anglican <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Chekiang" title="Bishop of Chekiang">Bishop of Chekiang</a>. As he never renounced his ordination, he remained a bishop until his death. However, in 1958 the <a href="/wiki/Chung_Hua_Sheng_Kung_Hui" title="Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui">Anglican Church in China</a> came to an end as an independent institution in mainland China, leaving Ting with no episcopal functions to perform. </p><p>Ting had also held a number of political posts. He was a vice-chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference</a> (1989–2008), and a member of the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a>, China's legislature. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ting was educated at Shanghai's <a href="/wiki/Saint_John%27s_University,_Shanghai" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint John's University, Shanghai">Saint John's University</a> (1937–42), graduating <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">B.A.</a> in 1937 and <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Divinity" title="Bachelor of Divinity">B.D.</a> in 1942. In the same year, he was ordained as an Anglican <a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">deacon</a> and married Siu-May Kuo (1916–1995),<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> both taken place at the Church of Our Savior on Wu Yuan Road, <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1942 to 1945, Ting worked in the administration of the <a href="/wiki/YMCA" title="YMCA">YMCA</a>. In 1946, he and his wife moved to <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, where he became missions secretary of the Canadian <a href="/wiki/Student_Christian_Movement_of_Canada" title="Student Christian Movement of Canada">Student Christian Movement</a>. Ting studied at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> and at <a href="/wiki/Union_Theological_Seminary_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Theological Seminary (New York City)">Union Theological Seminary</a>, both in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, from 1947 to 1948, gaining a master's degree in arts and theology. From 1948 to 1951, he worked in the administration of the <a href="/wiki/World_Student_Christian_Federation" title="World Student Christian Federation">World Student Christian Federation</a> in <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>. </p><p>In 1951 the Tings returned to China with their young son Stephen Yenren Ting, born in November 1948. Their second son Heping Ting was born in July 1952. Ting went on to serve as general manager of the <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>-based <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinese_Christian_Literature_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chinese Christian Literature Society (page does not exist)">Chinese Christian Literature Society</a> from 1951 to 1953, when he became principal of <a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Union_Theological_Seminary" title="Nanjing Union Theological Seminary">Nanjing Union Theological Seminary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1954, shortly after the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a>, 138 Chinese Christian leaders presented the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Manifesto" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Manifesto">Christian Manifesto</a> to the country, pledging the support of Christians for <a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">anti-imperialism</a>, anti-feudalism, and the struggle against bureaucratic capitalism.<sup id="cite_ref-CR_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This manifesto would launch the <a href="/wiki/Three-Self_Patriotic_Movement" title="Three-Self Patriotic Movement">Three-Self Patriotic Movement</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of which Ting was elected to the standing committee in the same year. In 1955, he was consecrated as the Anglican bishop of <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a>. By 1957, the Three-Self Patriotic Movement claimed the loyalty of the overwhelming majority of Christians in China.<sup id="cite_ref-CR_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1958, the Anglican Church in China was merged into the Chinese Christian Church and Ting lost his positions in the Anglican Church, but he remained a bishop in the eyes of many Chinese Christians and the wider Anglican Church. He returned to prominence in the 1970s. In 1980, he became President of the <a href="/wiki/China_Christian_Council" title="China Christian Council">China Christian Council</a> and leader of the TSPM, positions he held until 1997. In 1985, Ting helped found the <a href="/wiki/Amity_Foundation" title="Amity Foundation">Amity Foundation</a> and remained its president as well as being principal of Nanjing Union Theological Seminary until his death. In 1988, Ting proclaimed that "the church should be in tune with socialism, but should not be a government department", proposing the end of the Three-Self Movement by 1991. This proposal was rejected after the <a href="/wiki/Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiananmen Square protests of 1989">Tiananmen Square protests of 1989</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ting died on 22 November 2012, and his body was cremated on 27 November. <a href="/wiki/Yu_Zhengsheng" title="Yu Zhengsheng">Yu Zhengsheng</a> attended his funeral on behalf of the central government.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several Chinese Anglican leaders, such as <a href="/wiki/Peter_Kwong_(bishop)" title="Peter Kwong (bishop)">Peter Kwong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kwong" title="Paul Kwong">Paul Kwong</a>, led Ting's funeral service on 8 December at Christianity Mochou Road Church.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theology">Theology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Theology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the 1950s, influenced by his predecessor Y. T. Wu, Ting joined the <a href="/wiki/YMCA" title="YMCA">Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA)</a>, attempting to devote himself to the national salvation and advocating that Christianity focuses not just individual salvation, but also social salvation. At that time, he also appreciated communism, although cautiously. In 1948 when he commented on the civil war in China, he wrote: </p> <blockquote><p>With the fall of Chiang and the Kuomintang government, and after the defeat of contemporary Chinese reactionaries who now rally around Chiang, a democratic coalition government will be formed in which Communists, Democratic Leaguers, progressive Nationalists and members of other anti-reactionary parties will all participate. What Americans think of as a Communist dictatorship is not in the wind for China's future.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jinling_Union_Theological_Seminary_2011-05.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jinling_Union_Theological_Seminary_2011-05.JPG/220px-Jinling_Union_Theological_Seminary_2011-05.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jinling_Union_Theological_Seminary_2011-05.JPG/330px-Jinling_Union_Theological_Seminary_2011-05.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jinling_Union_Theological_Seminary_2011-05.JPG/440px-Jinling_Union_Theological_Seminary_2011-05.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Union_Theological_Seminary" title="Nanjing Union Theological Seminary">Nanjing Union Theological Seminary</a>, the flagship seminary of the <a href="/wiki/Three-Self_Patriotic_Movement" title="Three-Self Patriotic Movement">Three-Self Patriotic Movement</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After he returned the new China in 1951, he joined the Three-self movement which was led by Y. T. Wu and chose to cooperate with the CCP regime. Ting became one of the most influential Christian leaders in the national <a href="/wiki/Three-Self_Patriotic_Movement" title="Three-Self Patriotic Movement">Three-self Patriotic Movement</a> and the <a href="/wiki/China_Christian_Council" title="China Christian Council">China Christian Council</a> since the 1980s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theological_reconstruction">Theological reconstruction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Theological reconstruction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ting's writings were mainly published after the 1980s. Ting formally started to construct his theological discourse aiming to deal with the relation of Christian faith with communism and other religions; meanwhile, he promoted "theological reconstruction" (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">神学思想建设</span>; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">神學思想建設</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">shénxué sīxiǎng jiànshè</span></i>) in an attempt to construct indigenous theology on the basis of Chinese socio-political and religio-cultural context. It was also seen by some as an attempt to remove <a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalism" title="Christian fundamentalism">fundamentalist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> forms of Christianity from the Chinese church.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ecclesiology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The TSPM was regarded as the application of the three principles of self-governance, self-support, and self-propagation. Ting claimed that "it is work of God."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ting avidly accused Wang Mingdao of distorting the meaning of three principles and refusing to cooperate with TSPM. Besides, he believed that the church should play an active role in the society for serving the people, rather than cling to the church just paying attention to individual salvation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christology">Christology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Christology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ting summarizes that a <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Christ" title="Cosmic Christ">Cosmic Christ</a> encompasses two aspects:<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>(1) the universal extent of Christ's domain, concern and care, and (2) the kind of love which we get a taste of in Jesus Christ as we read the Gospels being the first and supreme attribute of God and the basic to the structure and dynamic of the universe, in the light of which we get an insight as to how things go in the world.</p></blockquote> <p>Influenced greatly by the thinking of <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Teilhard_de_Chardin" title="Pierre Teilhard de Chardin">Pierre Teilhard de Chardin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Process_theology" title="Process theology">process theology</a> based on the writings of <a href="/wiki/Alfred_North_Whitehead" title="Alfred North Whitehead">Alfred North Whitehead</a>, Ting argues that creation is a long process in which Christ not just participated in creation in the beginning, but continues to sustain the incomplete creation.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Redemption is in the process of creation. Following this, he contends that not Christians but humankind are involved in Christ's redemptive work. In this way, he appeals to Christians to appreciate the values in communism and other religio-cultural resources.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_sinned_against">The sinned against</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The sinned against"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With regards to the <a href="/wiki/Hamartiology" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamartiology">doctrine of sin</a>, Ting has pushed away from the traditional emphasis on people as "sinners" but also as individuals who are "sinned against."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ting is opposed to creating "antagonism between believers and nonbelievers" by aggressive <a href="/wiki/Proselytization" class="mw-redirect" title="Proselytization">proselytization</a>, favoring brotherly love towards and not condemnations to hell of Chinese non-Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because China is a Confucian society where the theory of the goodness of human nature is the mainstream.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The emphasis of "The sinned against" leads people to know the love of God and receive consolation after a long-time oppression and suffering in the history.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Justification_by_faith">Justification by faith</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Justification by faith"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ting has argued that the doctrine of <a href="/wiki/Justification_by_faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Justification by faith">justification by faith</a> has been misunderstood by many Christians and that it was originally meant to liberate humans rather than consign people to hell.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of this, he has been accused of replacing the traditional Protestant doctrine with justification by <i>love</i>, to support the notion that those who God's love are within the boundaries of Christianity; it is therefore considered to be an attempt to reconcile the atheistic ideology of <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a> with Christianity in order to maintain good relations with the <a href="/wiki/People%E2%80%99s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People’s Republic of China">People’s Republic of China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he has explicitly stated that he neither understands what the phrase means but considers it a misleading imitation of <a href="/wiki/Justification_by_faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Justification by faith">justification by faith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relation_between_Christians_and_atheists">Relation between Christians and atheists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Relation between Christians and atheists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ting considered that Christians should get along well with non-Christians and atheists of all sorts. Besides, he further stresses that "Provisional unities of truths we can observe with joy and thanksgiving because they illuminate us and point toward the ultimate unity in Christ which is the promise of his revelation."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>God is Love: Collected Writings of Bishop K. H. Ting</i>, Cook Communications Ministries International, 2004. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7814-4233-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7814-4233-8">0-7814-4233-8</a></li> <li><i>No Longer Strangers: Selected Writings of K. H. Ting</i>, edited by Raymond L. Whitehead, Orbis Books, 1989. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88344-653-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-88344-653-7">0-88344-653-7</a></li> <li><i>Love Never Ends: Papers by K. H. Ting</i>, edited by Janice Wickeri, Yilin Press, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/7-80657-067-5" title="Special:BookSources/7-80657-067-5">7-80657-067-5</a></li> <li><i>A Chinese Contribution to Ecumenical Theology: Selected Writings of Bishop K. H. Ting</i>, edited by Janice and Philip Wickeri, WCC Publications, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-8254-1358-5" title="Special:BookSources/2-8254-1358-5">2-8254-1358-5</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/47px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/62px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_missions_in_China" title="Protestant missions in China">Protestant missions in China</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The term "three-self" refers to the missiological principles of building an indigenous church that is self-governing, self-supporting, and self-propagating.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitehead1989" class="citation book cs1">Whitehead, Raymond L. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XEIuAAAAMAAJ">"Introduction: The Life and Work of a Chinese Christian"</a>. <i>No Longer Strangers: Selected Writings of Bishop K.H. Ting</i>. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books. pp. 1–23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780883446539" title="Special:BookSources/9780883446539"><bdi>9780883446539</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction%3A+The+Life+and+Work+of+a+Chinese+Christian&rft.btitle=No+Longer+Strangers%3A+Selected+Writings+of+Bishop+K.H.+Ting&rft.place=Maryknoll%2C+NY&rft.pages=1-23&rft.pub=Orbis+Books&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=9780883446539&rft.aulast=Whitehead&rft.aufirst=Raymond+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXEIuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen2018" class="citation book cs1">Chen, Ruiwen (2018). "The Social Contributions of a Chinese Anglican Woman Intellectual: The Life and Work of Kuo Siu-May". In Chiu, Patricia; Wong, Wai-Ching Angela (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1066226424"><i>Christian women in Chinese society : the Anglican story</i></a>. Hong Kong. pp. 201–222. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-988-8455-37-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-988-8455-37-9"><bdi>978-988-8455-37-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1066226424">1066226424</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Social+Contributions+of+a+Chinese+Anglican+Woman+Intellectual%3A+The+Life+and+Work+of+Kuo+Siu-May&rft.btitle=Christian+women+in+Chinese+society+%3A+the+Anglican+story&rft.place=Hong+Kong&rft.pages=201-222&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1066226424&rft.isbn=978-988-8455-37-9&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Ruiwen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1066226424&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CR-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CR_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CR_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2004" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Donald M. (2004). <i>Christianity Reborn: The Global Expansion of Evangelicalism in the Twentieth Century</i>. William B. Eerdmans. p. 90.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christianity+Reborn%3A+The+Global+Expansion+of+Evangelicalism+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=90&rft.pub=William+B.+Eerdmans&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Donald+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhouSantos2003" class="citation book cs1">Zhou, Jinghao; Santos, Michael (2003). <i>Remaking China's Public Philosophy for the Twenty-First Century</i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 138.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Remaking+China%27s+Public+Philosophy+for+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.pages=138&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Jinghao&rft.au=Santos%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYan2012" class="citation news cs1">Yan (27 November 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121204181014/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012-11/27/c_132003037.htm">"Body of late Chinese Christian leader cremated"</a>. Nanjing. Xinhua. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012-11/27/c_132003037.htm">the original</a> on 4 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Body+of+late+Chinese+Christian+leader+cremated&rft.date=2012-11-27&rft.au=Yan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2Fchina%2F2012-11%2F27%2Fc_132003037.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christianweekly.net/2012/ta2018804.htm">"參加丁光訓主教追思禮拜紀聞"</a>. <i>www.christianweekly.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.christianweekly.net&rft.atitle=%E5%8F%83%E5%8A%A0%E4%B8%81%E5%85%89%E8%A8%93%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E8%BF%BD%E6%80%9D%E7%A6%AE%E6%8B%9C%E7%B4%80%E8%81%9E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christianweekly.net%2F2012%2Fta2018804.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing1989" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (1989). <i>No longer strangers; selected writings of Bishop K.H. Ting</i>. Whitehead, Raymond L. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books. p. 116. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780883446539" title="Special:BookSources/9780883446539"><bdi>9780883446539</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/19971381">19971381</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+longer+strangers%3B+selected+writings+of+Bishop+K.H.+Ting&rft.place=Maryknoll%2C+NY&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=Orbis+Books&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F19971381&rft.isbn=9780883446539&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWickeri2015" class="citation book cs1">Wickeri, Philip L. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uczmBgAAQBAJ"><i>Reconstructing Christianity in China: K.H. Ting and the Chinese Church</i></a>. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books. pp. 333–369. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781608333660" title="Special:BookSources/9781608333660"><bdi>9781608333660</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reconstructing+Christianity+in+China%3A+K.H.+Ting+and+the+Chinese+Church&rft.place=Maryknoll%2C+NY&rft.pages=333-369&rft.pub=Orbis+Books&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781608333660&rft.aulast=Wickeri&rft.aufirst=Philip+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuczmBgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLu2010" class="citation journal cs1">Lu, Chen (April 2010). "Ding Guangxun's Critique of Fundamentalist Theology in Contemporary China and his Theological Construction". <i>Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies</i>. <b>27</b> (2): 95–110. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0265378809357805">10.1177/0265378809357805</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220780318">220780318</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transformation%3A+An+International+Journal+of+Holistic+Mission+Studies&rft.atitle=Ding+Guangxun%27s+Critique+of+Fundamentalist+Theology+in+Contemporary+China+and+his+Theological+Construction&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=95-110&rft.date=2010-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0265378809357805&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A220780318%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Chen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing1989" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (1989). <i>No longer strangers; selected writings of Bishop K.H. Ting</i>. Whitehead, Raymond L. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books. p. 143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780883446539" title="Special:BookSources/9780883446539"><bdi>9780883446539</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/19971381">19971381</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+longer+strangers%3B+selected+writings+of+Bishop+K.H.+Ting&rft.place=Maryknoll%2C+NY&rft.pages=143&rft.pub=Orbis+Books&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F19971381&rft.isbn=9780883446539&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing2004" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (2004). <i>God is Love</i>. Cook Communications. p. 111.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God+is+Love&rft.pages=111&rft.pub=Cook+Communications&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing2000" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (2000) [1991]. "The Cosmic Christ". In Wickeri, Janice (ed.). <i>Love Never Ends: Papers</i>. Nanjing: <a href="/wiki/Yilin_Press" title="Yilin Press">Yilin Press</a>. pp. 408–418.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Cosmic+Christ&rft.btitle=Love+Never+Ends%3A+Papers&rft.place=Nanjing&rft.pages=408-418&rft.pub=Yilin+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChow2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Chow" title="Alexander Chow">Chow, Alexander</a> (2013). <i>Theosis, Sino-Christian Theology and the Second Chinese Enlightenment: Heaven and Humanity in Unity</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 89–111. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F9781137312624">10.1057/9781137312624</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781137312624" title="Special:BookSources/9781137312624"><bdi>9781137312624</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theosis%2C+Sino-Christian+Theology+and+the+Second+Chinese+Enlightenment%3A+Heaven+and+Humanity+in+Unity&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=89-111&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F9781137312624&rft.isbn=9781137312624&rft.aulast=Chow&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTang1995" class="citation journal cs1">Tang, Edmond (October 1995). "The Cosmic Christ — the search for a Chinese theology". <i>Studies in World Christianity</i>. <b>1</b> (2): 131–142. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3366%2Fswc.1995.1.2.131">10.3366/swc.1995.1.2.131</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1354-9901">1354-9901</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+World+Christianity&rft.atitle=The+Cosmic+Christ+%E2%80%94+the+search+for+a+Chinese+theology&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=131-142&rft.date=1995-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3366%2Fswc.1995.1.2.131&rft.issn=1354-9901&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=Edmond&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing2000" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (2000) [1979]. "Human Collectives as Vehicles of God's Grace". In Wickeri, Janice (ed.). <i>Love Never Ends: Papers</i>. Nanjing: <a href="/wiki/Yilin_Press" title="Yilin Press">Yilin Press</a>. pp. 43–48.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Human+Collectives+as+Vehicles+of+God%27s+Grace&rft.btitle=Love+Never+Ends%3A+Papers&rft.place=Nanjing&rft.pages=43-48&rft.pub=Yilin+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAikman2006" class="citation book cs1">Aikman, David (2006). <i>Jesus in Beijing: How Christianity is Transforming China and Changing the Global Balance of Power</i>. Regnery Publishing. p. 329.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jesus+in+Beijing%3A+How+Christianity+is+Transforming+China+and+Changing+the+Global+Balance+of+Power&rft.pages=329&rft.pub=Regnery+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Aikman&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing2000" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (2000). Wickeri, Janice (ed.). <i>Love never ends : papers</i>. Nanjing: Yilin Press. pp. 43–48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9787806570678" title="Special:BookSources/9787806570678"><bdi>9787806570678</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/44801525">44801525</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Love+never+ends+%3A+papers&rft.place=Nanjing&rft.pages=43-48&rft.pub=Yilin+Press&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F44801525&rft.isbn=9787806570678&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing1989" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (1989). <i>No longer strangers: Selected writings of Bishop K.H. Ting</i>. Whitehead, Raymond L. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books. pp. 72–74. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780883446539" title="Special:BookSources/9780883446539"><bdi>9780883446539</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/19971381">19971381</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+longer+strangers%3A+Selected+writings+of+Bishop+K.H.+Ting&rft.place=Maryknoll%2C+NY&rft.pages=72-74&rft.pub=Orbis+Books&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F19971381&rft.isbn=9780883446539&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing2000" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (2000) [1996]. "On a Profound Christian Question". In Wickeri, Janice (ed.). <i>Love Never Ends: Papers</i>. Nanjing: <a href="/wiki/Yilin_Press" title="Yilin Press">Yilin Press</a>. pp. 506–510.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=On+a+Profound+Christian+Question&rft.btitle=Love+Never+Ends%3A+Papers&rft.place=Nanjing&rft.pages=506-510&rft.pub=Yilin+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWang2004" class="citation book cs1">Wang, Thomas (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MnaAsUsqI2YC">"Foreword"</a>. <i>Theological Construction — or Deconstruction? An Analysis of the Theology of Bishop K.H. Ting (Ding Guangxun)</i>. Christian Life Press. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780971901612" title="Special:BookSources/9780971901612"><bdi>9780971901612</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Foreword&rft.btitle=Theological+Construction+%E2%80%94+or+Deconstruction%3F+An+Analysis+of+the+Theology+of+Bishop+K.H.+Ting+%28Ding+Guangxun%29&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Christian+Life+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780971901612&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMnaAsUsqI2YC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing2004" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ah8CWOBeQQYC"><i>God Is Love</i></a>. Colorado Springs, CO: David C Cook. p. 621. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780781442329" title="Special:BookSources/9780781442329"><bdi>9780781442329</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God+Is+Love&rft.place=Colorado+Springs%2C+CO&rft.pages=621&rft.pub=David+C+Cook&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780781442329&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dah8CWOBeQQYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTing2004" class="citation book cs1">Ting, K. H. (2004). <i>God is Love</i>. Colorado Springs, CO: Cook Communications. pp. 171–177.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God+is+Love&rft.place=Colorado+Springs%2C+CO&rft.pages=171-177&rft.pub=Cook+Communications&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Ting&rft.aufirst=K.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTze_Ming_Ng2011" class="citation journal cs1">Tze Ming Ng, Peter (2011). "Global Christianity and Local Contexts: the Case of K.H. Ting and the Three-Self Church in China". <i>Exchange</i>. <b>40</b> (1): 57–70. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F157254311X550731">10.1163/157254311X550731</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0166-2740">0166-2740</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Exchange&rft.atitle=Global+Christianity+and+Local+Contexts%3A+the+Case+of+K.H.+Ting+and+the+Three-Self+Church+in+China&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=57-70&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F157254311X550731&rft.issn=0166-2740&rft.aulast=Tze+Ming+Ng&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AK.+H.+Ting" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Wickeri, Philip. <i>Seeking the Common Ground: Protestant Christianity, the Three-Self Movement, and China's United Front</i>, Orbis Books, 1988. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88344-441-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-88344-441-0">0-88344-441-0</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K._H._Ting&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030606232624/http://news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2002-01/24/content_252407.htm">Xinhua biography of KH Ting</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Chinese)</span></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;">Religious titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deng_Shukun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deng Shukun (page does not exist)">Deng Shukun</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%93%E8%BF%B0%E5%9D%A4" class="extiw" title="zh:邓述坤">zh</a>]</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Bishop of the Diocese of Chekiang of <a href="/wiki/Chung_Hua_Sheng_Kung_Hui" title="Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui">Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui</a> </b><br />1955–1958 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Position revoked</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="4"><b>New title</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Amity_Foundation" title="Amity Foundation">Amity Foundation</a> </b><br />1985–2012 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Vacant</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of <a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Union_Theological_Seminary" title="Nanjing Union Theological Seminary">Nanjing Union Theological Seminary</a> </b><br />1980–2010 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gao_Feng_(born_1962)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gao Feng (born 1962) (page does not exist)">Gao Feng</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0_(%E7%89%A7%E5%B8%88)" class="extiw" title="zh:高峰 (牧师)">zh</a>]</span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the <a href="/wiki/China_Christian_Council" title="China Christian Council">China Christian Council</a> </b><br />1st–3rd </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Han_Wenzao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Han Wenzao (page does not exist)">Han Wenzao</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%96%87%E8%97%BB" class="extiw" title="zh:韩文藻">zh</a>]</span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Honorary President of the China Christian Council </b><br />4th–6th </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Vacant</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Y._T._Wu" title="Y. T. Wu">Y. T. Wu</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Committee_of_Three-Self_Patriotic_Movement_of_the_Protestant_Churches_in_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Committee of Three-Self Patriotic Movement of the Protestant Churches in China (page does not exist)">National Committee of Three-Self Patriotic Movement of the Protestant Churches in China</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E4%B8%89%E8%87%AA%E7%88%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" class="extiw" title="zh:中国基督教三自爱国运动委员会">zh</a>]</span> </b><br />3th–5th </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luo_Guanzong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luo Guanzong (page does not exist)">Luo Guanzong</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%86%A0%E5%AE%97" class="extiw" title="zh:罗冠宗">zh</a>]</span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Yi-fang" title="Wu Yi-fang">Wu Yi-fang</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Honorary President of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Committee_of_Three-Self_Patriotic_Movement_of_the_Protestant_Churches_in_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Committee of Three-Self Patriotic Movement of the Protestant Churches in China (page does not exist)">National Committee of Three-Self Patriotic Movement of the Protestant Churches in China</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E4%B8%89%E8%87%AA%E7%88%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" class="extiw" title="zh:中国基督教三自爱国运动委员会">zh</a>]</span> </b><br />6th–8th </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Vacant</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of <a href="/w/index.php?title=China_Committee_of_Religion_and_Peace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="China Committee of Religion and Peace (page does not exist)">China Committee of Religion and Peace</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E7%95%8C%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" class="extiw" title="zh:中国宗教界和平委员会">zh</a>]</span> </b><br />2004–2009 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Manifesto" title="The Christian Manifesto">The Christian Manifesto</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lianghui_(Protestantism)" title="Lianghui (Protestantism)">Lianghui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amity_Foundation" title="Amity Foundation">Amity Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches and seminaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chongyi_Church" title="Chongyi Church">Chongyi Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidian_Christian_Church" title="Haidian Christian Church">Haidian Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Trinity_Church,_Shanghai" title="Holy Trinity Church, Shanghai">Holy Trinity Church, Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moore_Memorial_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moore Memorial Church (page does not exist)">Moore Memorial Church</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%94%E5%A0%82" class="extiw" title="zh:慕尔堂">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_Church,_Nanjing" title="St. Paul's Church, Nanjing">St. Paul's Church, Nanjing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianhe_Church" title="Tianhe Church">Tianhe Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Union_Theological_Seminary" title="Nanjing Union Theological Seminary">Nanjing Union Theological Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Protestant_theological_seminaries_in_China" title="List of Protestant theological seminaries in China">Other seminaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T._C._Chao" title="T. C. Chao">T. C. Chao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Cheng" title="Marcus Cheng">Marcus Cheng</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. H. Ting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gu" title="Joseph Gu">Joseph Gu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jia_Yuming" title="Jia Yuming">Jia Yuming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y._T._Wu" title="Y. T. Wu">Y. T. Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Weifan" title="Wang Weifan">Wang Weifan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Fusan" title="Zhao Fusan">Zhao Fusan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Theological_Review" title="Chinese Theological Review">Chinese Theological Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Theological_Review" title="Nanjing Theological Review">Nanjing Theological Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tian_Feng_(magazine)" title="Tian Feng (magazine)">Tian Feng</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vice_Chairpersons_of_the_Chinese_People&#039;s_Political_Consultative_Conference" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CPPCC_Vice-Chairpersons" title="Template:CPPCC Vice-Chairpersons"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CPPCC_Vice-Chairpersons" title="Template talk:CPPCC Vice-Chairpersons"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CPPCC_Vice-Chairpersons" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CPPCC Vice-Chairpersons"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vice_Chairpersons_of_the_Chinese_People&#039;s_Political_Consultative_Conference" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Vice Chairpersons of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1949–1954)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou Enlai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jishen" title="Li Jishen">Li Jishen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Junru" title="Shen Junru">Shen Junru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1954–1959)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soong_Ching-ling" title="Soong Ching-ling">Soong Ching-ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Biwu" title="Dong Biwu">Dong Biwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jishen" title="Li Jishen">Li Jishen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Lan" title="Zhang Lan">Zhang Lan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Junru" title="Shen Junru">Shen Junru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Xiangning" title="He Xiangning">He Xiangning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Siguang" title="Li Siguang">Li Siguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Bojun" title="Zhang Bojun">Zhang Bojun</a></s> (removed 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Kah_Kee" title="Tan Kah Kee">Tan Kah Kee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Shahidi" title="Burhan Shahidi">Burhan Shahidi</a> (added 1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1959–1965)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jishen" title="Li Jishen">Li Jishen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Junru" title="Shen Junru">Shen Junru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a></s> (removed 1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Siguang" title="Li Siguang">Li Siguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Kah_Kee" title="Tan Kah Kee">Tan Kah Kee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Shahidi" title="Burhan Shahidi">Burhan Shahidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(marshal)" title="Chen Yi (marshal)">Chen Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Sheng" title="Kang Sheng">Kang Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Xiangning" title="He Xiangning">He Xiangning</a> (added 1960)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1965–1978)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(marshal)" title="Chen Yi (marshal)">Chen Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Jianying" title="Ye Jianying">Ye Jianying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Lantao" title="Liu Lantao">Liu Lantao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Renqiong" title="Song Renqiong">Song Renqiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Bing_(politician)" title="Xu Bing (politician)">Xu Bing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Chongmin" title="Gao Chongmin">Gao Chongmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Tingkai" title="Cai Tingkai">Cai Tingkai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zihui" title="Deng Zihui">Deng Zihui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Siguang" title="Li Siguang">Li Siguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Zuoyi" title="Fu Zuoyi">Fu Zuoyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teng_Daiyuan" title="Teng Daiyuan">Teng Daiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xie_Juezai" title="Xie Juezai">Xie Juezai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Dun" title="Mao Dun">Mao Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhuchen" title="Li Zhuchen">Li Zhuchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Deheng" title="Xu Deheng">Xu Deheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Dequan" title="Li Dequan">Li Dequan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Xulun" title="Ma Xulun">Ma Xulun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1978–1983)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Chong" title="Peng Chong">Peng Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao Ziyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Renqiong" title="Song Renqiong">Song Renqiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Dun" title="Mao Dun">Mao Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Deheng" title="Xu Deheng">Xu Deheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouyang_Qin" title="Ouyang Qin">Ouyang Qin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Liang" title="Shi Liang">Shi Liang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Yunshan" title="Zhu Yunshan">Zhu Yunshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Keqing" title="Kang Keqing">Kang Keqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Fang" title="Ji Fang">Ji Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Shoudao" title="Wang Shoudao">Wang Shoudao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chong_(politician)" title="Zhang Chong (politician)">Zhang Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Jianren" title="Zhou Jianren">Zhou Jianren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuang_Xiquan" title="Zhuang Xiquan">Zhuang Xiquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Zi%27ang" title="Hu Zi'ang">Hu Zi'ang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rong_Yiren" title="Rong Yiren">Rong Yiren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tong_Dizhou" title="Tong Dizhou">Tong Dizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Lantao" title="Liu Lantao">Liu Lantao</a> (added; <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Dingyi" title="Lu Dingyi">Lu Dingyi</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Yuzhi" title="Hu Yuzhi">Hu Yuzhi</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Kunlun" title="Wang Kunlun">Wang Kunlun</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Changgong" title="He Changgong">He Changgong</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Ke" title="Xiao Ke">Xiao Ke</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Zihua" title="Cheng Zihua">Cheng Zihua</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Xiufeng" title="Yang Xiufeng">Yang Xiufeng</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha_Qianli" title="Sha Qianli">Sha Qianli</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Shahidi" title="Burhan Shahidi">Burhan Shahidi</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Peiyuan" title="Zhou Peiyuan">Zhou Peiyuan</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Changzhao" title="Qian Changzhao">Qian Changzhao</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Fei_(politician)" title="Liu Fei (politician)">Liu Fei</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Qiwu" title="Dong Qiwu">Dong Qiwu</a> (added)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1983–1988)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Lantao" title="Liu Lantao">Liu Lantao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Dingyi" title="Lu Dingyi">Lu Dingyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Zihua" title="Cheng Zihua">Cheng Zihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Keqing" title="Kang Keqing">Kang Keqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Fang" title="Ji Fang">Ji Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuang_Xiquan" title="Zhuang Xiquan">Zhuang Xiquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Zi%27ang" title="Hu Zi'ang">Hu Zi'ang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Kunlun" title="Wang Kunlun">Wang Kunlun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Changzhao" title="Qian Changzhao">Qian Changzhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Qiwu" title="Dong Qiwu">Dong Qiwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tao_Zhiyue" title="Tao Zhiyue">Tao Zhiyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Shutao" title="Zhou Shutao">Zhou Shutao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Chengwu" title="Yang Chengwu">Yang Chengwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Hua_(general)" title="Xiao Hua (general)">Xiao Hua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Zaidao" title="Chen Zaidao">Chen Zaidao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Zhengcao" title="Lü Zhengcao">Lü Zhengcao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Jianren" title="Zhou Jianren">Zhou Jianren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Peiyuan" title="Zhou Peiyuan">Zhou Peiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Shahidi" title="Burhan Shahidi">Burhan Shahidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miao_Yuntai" title="Miao Yuntai">Miao Yuntai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Guangying" title="Wang Guangying">Wang Guangying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zhaoxiang" title="Deng Zhaoxiang">Deng Zhaoxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fei_Xiaotong" title="Fei Xiaotong">Fei Xiaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Shengtao" title="Ye Shengtao">Ye Shengtao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu_Wu" title="Qu Wu">Qu Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Wenrui" title="Ma Wenrui">Ma Wenrui</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Yisheng" title="Mao Yisheng">Mao Yisheng</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Jingji" title="Liu Jingji">Liu Jingji</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hua_Luogeng" title="Hua Luogeng">Hua Luogeng</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Enmao" title="Wang Enmao">Wang Enmao</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Xuesen" title="Qian Xuesen">Qian Xuesen</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_Jieqiong" title="Lei Jieqiong">Lei Jieqiong</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Feng_(politician)" title="Wang Feng (politician)">Wang Feng</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Weichang" title="Qian Weichang">Qian Weichang</a> (added)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">7th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1988–1993)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Renzhong" title="Wang Renzhong">Wang Renzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Mingfu" title="Yan Mingfu">Yan Mingfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Yi" title="Fang Yi">Fang Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Mu" title="Gu Mu">Gu Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Keqing" title="Kang Keqing">Kang Keqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Zi%27ang" title="Hu Zi'ang">Hu Zi'ang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Changzhao" title="Qian Changzhao">Qian Changzhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Peiyuan" title="Zhou Peiyuan">Zhou Peiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miao_Yuntai" title="Miao Yuntai">Miao Yuntai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Guangying" title="Wang Guangying">Wang Guangying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zhaoxiang" title="Deng Zhaoxiang">Deng Zhaoxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu_Wu" title="Qu Wu">Qu Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Wenrui" title="Ma Wenrui">Ma Wenrui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Jingji" title="Liu Jingji">Liu Jingji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Enmao" title="Wang Enmao">Wang Enmao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Xuesen" title="Qian Xuesen">Qian Xuesen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Weichang" title="Qian Weichang">Qian Weichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Sheng" title="Hu Sheng">Hu Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Xiaocun" title="Sun Xiaocun">Sun Xiaocun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Siyuan" title="Cheng Siyuan">Cheng Siyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Jiaxi_(chemist)" title="Lu Jiaxi (chemist)">Lu Jiaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Zhengying" title="Qian Zhengying">Qian Zhengying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Amat" title="Ismail Amat">Ismail Amat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hou_Jingru" title="Hou Jingru">Hou Jingru</a> (added)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. H. Ting</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Xuezhi" title="Hong Xuezhi">Hong Xuezhi</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Xuanping" title="Ye Xuanping">Ye Xuanping</a> (added)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1993–1998)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Xuanping" title="Ye Xuanping">Ye Xuanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Xueqian" title="Wu Xueqian">Wu Xueqian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Rudai" title="Yang Rudai">Yang Rudai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Xuezhi" title="Hong Xuezhi">Hong Xuezhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Peiyuan" title="Zhou Peiyuan">Zhou Peiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zhaoxiang" title="Deng Zhaoxiang">Deng Zhaoxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Jingji" title="Liu Jingji">Liu Jingji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Xuesen" title="Qian Xuesen">Qian Xuesen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Weichang" title="Qian Weichang">Qian Weichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Sheng" title="Hu Sheng">Hu Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Zhengying" title="Qian Zhengying">Qian Zhengying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hou_Jingru" title="Hou Jingru">Hou Jingru</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. H. Ting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Yinchu" title="Dong Yinchu">Dong Yinchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fuling" title="Sun Fuling">Sun Fuling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Tse-kai" title="Ann Tse-kai">Ann Tse-kai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fok" title="Henry Fok">Henry Fok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Man-kei" title="Ma Man-kei">Ma Man-kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Guangya" title="Zhu Guangya">Zhu Guangya</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Guoquan" title="Wan Guoquan">Wan Guoquan</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Luli" title="He Luli">He Luli</a> (added)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">9th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–2003)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Xuanping" title="Ye Xuanping">Ye Xuanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Rudai" title="Yang Rudai">Yang Rudai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Weichang" title="Qian Weichang">Qian Weichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Jiaxi_(chemist)" title="Lu Jiaxi (chemist)">Lu Jiaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_Jianxin" title="Ren Jianxin">Ren Jianxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Jian" title="Song Jian">Song Jian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Guixian" title="Li Guixian">Li Guixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Junsheng" title="Chen Junsheng">Chen Junsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Siqing" title="Zhang Siqing">Zhang Siqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Zhengying" title="Qian Zhengying">Qian Zhengying</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. H. Ting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fuling" title="Sun Fuling">Sun Fuling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Tse-kai" title="Ann Tse-kai">Ann Tse-kai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fok" title="Henry Fok">Henry Fok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Man-kei" title="Ma Man-kei">Ma Man-kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Guangya" title="Zhu Guangya">Zhu Guangya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Guoquan" title="Wan Guoquan">Wan Guoquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Qili" title="Hu Qili">Hu Qili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Jinhua" title="Chen Jinhua">Chen Jinhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Nanqi" title="Zhao Nanqi">Zhao Nanqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zhiyong" title="Mao Zhiyong">Mao Zhiyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bai_Lichen" title="Bai Lichen">Bai Lichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jing_Shuping" title="Jing Shuping">Jing Shuping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Haocai" title="Luo Haocai">Luo Haocai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Kehui" title="Zhang Kehui">Zhang Kehui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Tienong" title="Zhou Tienong">Zhou Tienong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Wenyuan" title="Wang Wenyuan">Wang Wenyuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2008)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhongyu_(politician,_born_1933)" title="Wang Zhongyu (politician, born 1933)">Wang Zhongyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Hui_(politician)" title="Liao Hui (politician)">Liao Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yandong" title="Liu Yandong">Liu Yandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Guixian" title="Li Guixian">Li Guixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Siqing" title="Zhang Siqing">Zhang Siqing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. H. Ting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fok" title="Henry Fok">Henry Fok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Man-kei" title="Ma Man-kei">Ma Man-kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bai_Lichen" title="Bai Lichen">Bai Lichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Haocai" title="Luo Haocai">Luo Haocai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Kehui" title="Zhang Kehui">Zhang Kehui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Tienong" title="Zhou Tienong">Zhou Tienong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hao_Jianxiu" title="Hao Jianxiu">Hao Jianxiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Kuiyuan" title="Chen Kuiyuan">Chen Kuiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablet_Abdureshit" title="Ablet Abdureshit">Ablet Abdureshit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Kuangdi" title="Xu Kuangdi">Xu Kuangdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhaozhuo" title="Li Zhaozhuo">Li Zhaozhuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Mengfu" title="Huang Mengfu">Huang Mengfu</a></li> <li>Wang Xuan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Huaixi" title="Zhang Huaixi">Zhang Huaixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Meng_(politician)" title="Li Meng (politician)">Li Meng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tung_Chee-hwa" title="Tung Chee-hwa">Tung Chee-hwa</a> (added 2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Meiying" title="Zhang Meiying">Zhang Meiying</a> (added 2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Rongming" title="Zhang Rongming">Zhang Rongming</a> (added 2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">11th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(2008–2013)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Gang_(politician)" title="Wang Gang (politician)">Wang Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Hui_(politician)" title="Liao Hui (politician)">Liao Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du_Qinglin" title="Du Qinglin">Du Qinglin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Man-kei" title="Ma Man-kei">Ma Man-kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bai_Lichen" title="Bai Lichen">Bai Lichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Kuiyuan" title="Chen Kuiyuan">Chen Kuiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablet_Abdureshit" title="Ablet Abdureshit">Ablet Abdureshit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhaozhuo" title="Li Zhaozhuo">Li Zhaozhuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Mengfu" title="Huang Mengfu">Huang Mengfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tung_Chee-hwa" title="Tung Chee-hwa">Tung Chee-hwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Meiying" title="Zhang Meiying">Zhang Meiying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Rongming" title="Zhang Rongming">Zhang Rongming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Yunlu" title="Qian Yunlu">Qian Yunlu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Jiazheng" title="Sun Jiazheng">Sun Jiazheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jinhua" title="Li Jinhua">Li Jinhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Wantong" title="Zheng Wantong">Zheng Wantong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Pufang" title="Deng Pufang">Deng Pufang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Gang" title="Wan Gang">Wan Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Wenyi" title="Lin Wenyi">Lin Wenyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Wuwei" title="Li Wuwei">Li Wuwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Fuhe" title="Luo Fuhe">Luo Fuhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Zongxing" title="Chen Zongxing">Chen Zongxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhizhen" title="Wang Zhizhen">Wang Zhizhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ho" title="Edmund Ho">Edmund Ho</a> (added 2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">12th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(2013–2018)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Du_Qinglin" title="Du Qinglin">Du Qinglin</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Ling_Jihua" title="Ling Jihua">Ling Jihua</a></s> (removed 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Qide" title="Han Qide">Han Qide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tung_Chee-hwa" title="Tung Chee-hwa">Tung Chee-hwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Gang" title="Wan Gang">Wan Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Wenyi" title="Lin Wenyi">Lin Wenyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Fuhe" title="Luo Fuhe">Luo Fuhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ho" title="Edmund Ho">Edmund Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingli" title="Zhang Qingli">Zhang Qingli</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Haifeng" title="Li Haifeng">Li Haifeng</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Su_Rong" title="Su Rong">Su Rong</a></s> (removed 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yuan" title="Chen Yuan">Chen Yuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Zhangong" title="Lu Zhangong">Lu Zhangong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Xiaochuan" title="Zhou Xiaochuan">Zhou Xiaochuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jiarui" title="Wang Jiarui">Wang Jiarui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhengwei" title="Wang Zhengwei">Wang Zhengwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Biao_(politician)" title="Ma Biao (politician)">Ma Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi_Xuchun" title="Qi Xuchun">Qi Xuchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xiaoguang" title="Chen Xiaoguang">Chen Xiaoguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Peihua" title="Ma Peihua">Ma Peihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaofeng_(politician)" title="Liu Xiaofeng (politician)">Liu Xiaofeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Qinmin" title="Wang Qinmin">Wang Qinmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leung_Chun-ying" title="Leung Chun-ying">Leung Chun-ying</a> (added 2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">13th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(2018–2023)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingli" title="Zhang Qingli">Zhang Qingli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Qibao" title="Liu Qibao">Liu Qibao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tung_Chee-hwa" title="Tung Chee-hwa">Tung Chee-hwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Gang" title="Wan Gang">Wan Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ho" title="Edmund Ho">Edmund Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Zhangong" title="Lu Zhangong">Lu Zhangong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhengwei" title="Wang Zhengwei">Wang Zhengwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Biao_(politician)" title="Ma Biao (politician)">Ma Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xiaoguang" title="Chen Xiaoguang">Chen Xiaoguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leung_Chun-ying" title="Leung Chun-ying">Leung Chun-ying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xia_Baolong" title="Xia Baolong">Xia Baolong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Chuantang" title="Yang Chuantang">Yang Chuantang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Bin_(politician)" title="Li Bin (politician)">Li Bin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagatur" title="Bagatur">Bagatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yongqing" title="Wang Yongqing">Wang Yongqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Lifeng" title="He Lifeng">He Lifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Hui_(politician)" title="Su Hui (politician)">Su Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Jianbang" title="Zheng Jianbang">Zheng Jianbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Shengzu" title="Gu Shengzu">Gu Shengzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xincheng" title="Liu Xincheng">Liu Xincheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Wei" title="He Wei">He Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shao_Hong" title="Shao Hong">Shao Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Yunlong" title="Gao Yunlong">Gao Yunlong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">14th<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(2023–present)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Taifeng" title="Shi Taifeng">Shi Taifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Chunhua" title="Hu Chunhua">Hu Chunhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Yueyue" title="Shen Yueyue">Shen Yueyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yong_(politician)" title="Wang Yong (politician)">Wang Yong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Qiang" title="Zhou Qiang">Zhou Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ho" title="Edmund Ho">Edmund Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leung_Chun-ying" title="Leung Chun-ying">Leung Chun-ying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagatur" title="Bagatur">Bagatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Hui_(politician)" title="Su Hui (politician)">Su Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shao_Hong" title="Shao Hong">Shao Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Yunlong" title="Gao Yunlong">Gao Yunlong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Wu_(politician)" title="Chen Wu (politician)">Chen Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_Hong" title="Mu Hong">Mu Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xian_Hui" title="Xian Hui">Xian Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Dongfeng" title="Wang Dongfeng">Wang Dongfeng</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Xinzhi" title="Jiang Xinzhi">Jiang Xinzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zuojun" title="Jiang Zuojun">Jiang Zuojun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Baoxiang" title="He Baoxiang">He Baoxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Guangqian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Guangqian (page does not exist)">Wang Guangqian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qin_Boyong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qin Boyong (page does not exist)">Qin Boyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Yongxin" title="Zhu Yongxin">Zhu Yongxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Zhen_(politician)" title="Yang Zhen (politician)">Yang Zhen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842512#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842512#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842512#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/124843964">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81064113">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16599741d">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16599741d">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ting, K. H."><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0303393&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p216533015">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90670687">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/dbqsmqmx5b72zmc">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810613773805606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007268958305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/124843964">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/067131506">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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