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src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/toni_matthews-scaled-e1698391218609-88x88.jpg" alt="Toni Matthews-El" width="24px" height="24px"></a><div id="authorBylineModalContainer" style="display: none"><div class="author-byline-modal"><div class="author-modal-content"><div class="top-content"><div class="author_img-wrap"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/toni_matthews-scaled-e1698391218609-88x88.jpg" alt="Toni Matthews-El" width="50px" height="50px"></div><div class="author-details-wrap"><a class="author-name" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/tmatthews-el/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Toni Matthews-El","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/tmatthews-el\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Toni Matthews-El</a><span class="author-role">Former Staff Writer</span></div></div><div class="middle-content">For nearly a decade, Toni Matthews-El has published business topics ranging from cloud communication software to best steps for establishing your own LLC. In addition to Forbes Advisor, she's published articles for Medical News Today, US News and Wor...</div><div class="bottom-content"><ul class="social-icon-wrap"><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/tmatthewsel/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"LinkedIn","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/tmatthewsel\/","clickType":"external"}'><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="Linkedin icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-linkedin-icon.svg" /></a></li></ul><a class="show-more-bio-wrap" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/tmatthews-el/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"See Full Bio","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/tmatthews-el\/","clickType":"internal"}'><span class="see-full-bio-text">Read Full Bio</span><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="See Full Bio" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/read-full-bio.svg" /></a></div></div><div class="author-close-btn"><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="close icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-close-icon.svg" /></div></div></div><div class="hover-bio-wrapper" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"","componentType":"Article Author Byline"}' ><div class="top-content"><div class="author_img-wrap"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/toni_matthews-scaled-e1698391218609-88x88.jpg" alt="Toni Matthews-El" width="50px" height="50px"></div><div class="author-details-wrap"><a class="author-name" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/tmatthews-el/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Toni Matthews-El","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/tmatthews-el\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Toni Matthews-El</a><span class="author-role">Former Staff Writer</span></div></div><div class="middle-content">For nearly a decade, Toni Matthews-El has published business topics ranging from cloud communication software to best steps for establishing your own LLC. In addition to Forbes Advisor, she's published articles for Medical News Today, US News and Wor...</div><div class="bottom-content"><ul class="social-icon-wrap"><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/tmatthewsel/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"LinkedIn","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/tmatthewsel\/","clickType":"external"}'><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="Linkedin icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-linkedin-icon.svg" /></a></li></ul><a class="show-more-bio-wrap" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/tmatthews-el/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"See Full Bio","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/tmatthews-el\/","clickType":"internal"}'><span class="see-full-bio-text">Read Full Bio</span><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="See Full Bio" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/read-full-bio.svg" /></a></div></div></div><div class="title-wrap"><div class="title-top-wrap"><span class="prefix-text">Written By</span><div class="name author-byline-hoverover"><a class="mobile-disabled-link" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/tmatthews-el/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Toni Matthews-El","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/tmatthews-el\/","clickType":"internal"}' target="_blank">Toni Matthews-El </a><div id="authorBylineModalContainer" style="display: none"><div class="author-byline-modal"><div class="author-modal-content"><div class="top-content"><div class="author_img-wrap"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/toni_matthews-scaled-e1698391218609-88x88.jpg" alt="Toni Matthews-El" width="50px" height="50px"></div><div class="author-details-wrap"><a class="author-name" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/tmatthews-el/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Toni Matthews-El","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/tmatthews-el\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Toni Matthews-El</a><span class="author-role">Former Staff Writer</span></div></div><div class="middle-content">For nearly a decade, Toni Matthews-El has published business topics ranging from cloud communication software to best steps for establishing your own LLC. In addition to Forbes Advisor, she's published articles for Medical News Today, US News and Wor...</div><div class="bottom-content"><ul class="social-icon-wrap"><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/tmatthewsel/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"LinkedIn","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/tmatthewsel\/","clickType":"external"}'><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="Linkedin icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-linkedin-icon.svg" /></a></li></ul><a class="show-more-bio-wrap" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/tmatthews-el/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"See Full Bio","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/tmatthews-el\/","clickType":"internal"}'><span class="see-full-bio-text">Read Full Bio</span><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="See Full Bio" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/read-full-bio.svg" /></a></div></div><div class="author-close-btn"><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="close icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-close-icon.svg" /></div></div></div><div class="hover-bio-wrapper" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"","componentType":"Article Author Byline"}' ><div class="top-content"><div class="author_img-wrap"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/toni_matthews-scaled-e1698391218609-88x88.jpg" alt="Toni Matthews-El" width="50px" height="50px"></div><div class="author-details-wrap"><a class="author-name" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/tmatthews-el/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Toni Matthews-El","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/tmatthews-el\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Toni Matthews-El</a><span class="author-role">Former Staff Writer</span></div></div><div class="middle-content">For nearly a decade, Toni Matthews-El has published business topics ranging from cloud communication software to best steps for establishing your own LLC. In addition to Forbes Advisor, she's published articles for Medical News Today, US News and Wor...</div><div class="bottom-content"><ul class="social-icon-wrap"><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/tmatthewsel/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"LinkedIn","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/tmatthewsel\/","clickType":"external"}'><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="Linkedin icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-linkedin-icon.svg" /></a></li></ul><a class="show-more-bio-wrap" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/tmatthews-el/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"See Full Bio","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/tmatthews-el\/","clickType":"internal"}'><span class="see-full-bio-text">Read Full Bio</span><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="See Full Bio" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/read-full-bio.svg" /></a></div></div></div></div><div class="title-bottom-wrap"><div class="designation">Former Staff Writer </div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="author_container hide-in-mobile secondary-author co-author" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Multiple Authors","componentType":"Forbes Multiple Authors Settings"}' ><div class="author_right_container"><div class="top-wrap"><div class="author_img-wrap author-byline-hoverover"><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" class="mobile-disabled-link" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Cassie Bottorff","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}' target="_blank"><img src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Cassie-Bottorff-headshot-Cassandra-Bottorff-88x88.png" width="25" height="25" alt="Cassie Bottorff" class="avatar avatar-25 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-25 alignnone photo" /></a><div id="authorBylineModalContainer" style="display: none"><div class="author-byline-modal"><div class="author-modal-content"><div class="top-content"><div class="author_img-wrap"><img src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Cassie-Bottorff-headshot-Cassandra-Bottorff-88x88.png" width="64" height="64" alt="Cassie Bottorff" class="avatar avatar-64 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-64 alignnone photo" /></div><div class="author-details-wrap"><a class="author-name" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Cassie Bottorff","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Cassie Bottorff</a><span class="author-role">Former Deputy Editor</span></div></div><div class="middle-content">Cassie is a former deputy editor who collaborated with teams around the world while living in the beautiful hills of Kentucky. Focusing on bringing growth to small businesses, she is passionate about economic development and has held positions on the...</div><div class="bottom-content"><ul class="social-icon-wrap"><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/cassie-bottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"LinkedIn","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/cassie-bottorff\/","clickType":"external"}'><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="Linkedin icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-linkedin-icon.svg" /></a></li></ul><a class="show-more-bio-wrap" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"See Full Bio","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'><span class="see-full-bio-text">Read Full Bio</span><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="See Full Bio" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/read-full-bio.svg" /></a></div></div><div class="author-close-btn"><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="close icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-close-icon.svg" /></div></div></div><div class="hover-bio-wrapper" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"","componentType":"Article Author Byline"}' ><div class="top-content"><div class="author_img-wrap"><img src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Cassie-Bottorff-headshot-Cassandra-Bottorff-88x88.png" width="64" height="64" alt="Cassie Bottorff" class="avatar avatar-64 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-64 alignnone photo" /></div><div class="author-details-wrap"><a class="author-name" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Cassie Bottorff","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Cassie Bottorff</a><span class="author-role">Former Deputy Editor</span></div></div><div class="middle-content">Cassie is a former deputy editor who collaborated with teams around the world while living in the beautiful hills of Kentucky. Focusing on bringing growth to small businesses, she is passionate about economic development and has held positions on the...</div><div class="bottom-content"><ul class="social-icon-wrap"><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/cassie-bottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"LinkedIn","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/cassie-bottorff\/","clickType":"external"}'><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="Linkedin icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-linkedin-icon.svg" /></a></li></ul><a class="show-more-bio-wrap" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"See Full Bio","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'><span class="see-full-bio-text">Read Full Bio</span><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="See Full Bio" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/read-full-bio.svg" /></a></div></div></div><div class="title-wrap"><div class="title-top-wrap"><span class="prefix-text">Written By</span><div class="name author-byline-hoverover"><a class="mobile-disabled-link" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Cassie Bottorff","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}' target="_blank">Cassie Bottorff </a><div id="authorBylineModalContainer" style="display: none"><div class="author-byline-modal"><div class="author-modal-content"><div class="top-content"><div class="author_img-wrap"><img src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Cassie-Bottorff-headshot-Cassandra-Bottorff-88x88.png" width="64" height="64" alt="Cassie Bottorff" class="avatar avatar-64 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-64 alignnone photo" /></div><div class="author-details-wrap"><a class="author-name" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Cassie Bottorff","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Cassie Bottorff</a><span class="author-role">Former Deputy Editor</span></div></div><div class="middle-content">Cassie is a former deputy editor who collaborated with teams around the world while living in the beautiful hills of Kentucky. Focusing on bringing growth to small businesses, she is passionate about economic development and has held positions on the...</div><div class="bottom-content"><ul class="social-icon-wrap"><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/cassie-bottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"LinkedIn","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/cassie-bottorff\/","clickType":"external"}'><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="Linkedin icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-linkedin-icon.svg" /></a></li></ul><a class="show-more-bio-wrap" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"See Full Bio","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'><span class="see-full-bio-text">Read Full Bio</span><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="See Full Bio" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/read-full-bio.svg" /></a></div></div><div class="author-close-btn"><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="close icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-close-icon.svg" /></div></div></div><div class="hover-bio-wrapper" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"","componentType":"Article Author Byline"}' ><div class="top-content"><div class="author_img-wrap"><img src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Cassie-Bottorff-headshot-Cassandra-Bottorff-88x88.png" width="64" height="64" alt="Cassie Bottorff" class="avatar avatar-64 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-64 alignnone photo" /></div><div class="author-details-wrap"><a class="author-name" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Cassie Bottorff","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Cassie Bottorff</a><span class="author-role">Former Deputy Editor</span></div></div><div class="middle-content">Cassie is a former deputy editor who collaborated with teams around the world while living in the beautiful hills of Kentucky. Focusing on bringing growth to small businesses, she is passionate about economic development and has held positions on the...</div><div class="bottom-content"><ul class="social-icon-wrap"><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/cassie-bottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"LinkedIn","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/cassie-bottorff\/","clickType":"external"}'><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="Linkedin icon" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/forbes-media-linkedin-icon.svg" /></a></li></ul><a class="show-more-bio-wrap" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"See Full Bio","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'><span class="see-full-bio-text">Read Full Bio</span><img width="24px" height="24px" alt="See Full Bio" loading="lazy" src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/themes/fadv/assets/img/social-icons/read-full-bio.svg" /></a></div></div></div></div><div class="title-bottom-wrap"><div class="designation">Former Deputy Editor </div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="author_with-badge-details author_container hide-in-mobile secondary-author" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Author with badge","componentType":"Forbes Author\/Advisory Board"}'><div class="author_right_container"><div class="top-wrap"><div class="author_img-wrap author-img-badge author-byline-hoverover"><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/brette-sember/" class="mobile-disabled-link" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Brette Sember, J.D.","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/brette-sember\/","clickType":"internal"}' target="_blank"><img decoding="async" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Brette-Sember-headshot-2021-88x88.jpg" alt="Brette Sember, J.D." width="24px" height="24px"></a><div id="authorBylineModalContainer" style="display: none"><div class="author-byline-modal"><div class="author-modal-content"><div class="top-content"><div class="author_img-wrap"><img loading='lazy' decoding='async' src='https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Brette-Sember-headshot-2021-88x88.jpg' alt='Brette Sember, J.D.' width='50px' height='50px'></div><div class="author-details-wrap"><div class="prefix-text">Reviewed by</div><a class="author-name" href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/brette-sember/" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Brette Sember, J.D.","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/brette-sember\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Brette Sember, J.D.</a><span class="author-role">Legal and Business Expert</span></div></div><div class="middle-content">Brette Sember is a retired attorney who has been writing and editing law and legal topics for more than 25 years. 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Commissions do not affect our editors' opinions or evaluations. </div> <div class="pos-rel"> <div class="article-social-sharing" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"","componentType":"Article Sharing"}'> <span data-href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fadvisor%2Fbusiness%2Fhow-to-set-up-an-llc-in-7-steps%2F" class="article-social-sharing__link article-social-sharing__link--facebook" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Facebook Link","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fadvisor%2Fbusiness%2Fhow-to-set-up-an-llc-in-7-steps%2F","clickType":"external"}'></span> <span data-href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fadvisor%2Fbusiness%2Fhow-to-set-up-an-llc-in-7-steps%2F&text=How+To+Start+An+LLC+In+7+Steps" class="article-social-sharing__link article-social-sharing__link--twitter" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Twitter Link","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fadvisor%2Fbusiness%2Fhow-to-set-up-an-llc-in-7-steps%2F&text=How+To+Start+An+LLC+In+7+Steps","clickType":"external"}'></span> <span data-href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fadvisor%2Fbusiness%2Fhow-to-set-up-an-llc-in-7-steps%2F&title=How+To+Start+An+LLC+In+7+Steps" class="article-social-sharing__link article-social-sharing__link--linkedin" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"linkedin Link","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fadvisor%2Fbusiness%2Fhow-to-set-up-an-llc-in-7-steps%2F&title=How+To+Start+An+LLC+In+7+Steps","clickType":"external"}'></span> </div> <div class="featured-img"> <img decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/1290x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/how_to_setup_an_LLC_featured.jpeg.jpg 1290w, https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/960x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/how_to_setup_an_LLC_featured.jpeg.jpg 960w, https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/600x300/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/how_to_setup_an_LLC_featured.jpeg.jpg 600w" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/900x510/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/how_to_setup_an_LLC_featured.jpeg.jpg" alt="How To Start An LLC In 7 Steps" height="145px" width="100%"> <span class="media-credit">Getty</span> </div> <div class="toc" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Table Of Contents Section","componentType":"Table Of Contents Block"}'> <div class="toc__wrap hide-show-more"> <h2 class="toc__title">Table of Contents</h2> <div class="toc__inner-wrap"> <ul id="toc__section"> <li><a href="#what_is_an_llc_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"What Is an LLC?","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>What Is an LLC?</a></li> <li><a href="#how_to_set_up_an_llc_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"How To Set Up an LLC","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>How To Set Up an LLC</a></li> <li><a href="#other_important_tasks_when_creating_an_llc_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Other Important Tasks When Creating an LLC","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>Other Important Tasks When Creating an LLC</a></li> <li><a href="#why_form_an_llc_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Why Form an LLC?","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>Why Form an LLC?</a></li> <li><a href="#types_of_llcs_to_consider_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Types of LLCs To Consider","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>Types of LLCs To Consider</a></li> <li><a href="#how_much_does_an_llc_cost_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"How Much Does an LLC Cost?","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>How Much Does an LLC Cost?</a></li> <li><a href="#llc_vs_other_business_types_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"LLC vs. Other Business Types","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>LLC vs. Other Business Types</a></li> <li><a href="#more_llc_resources_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"More LLC Resources","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>More LLC Resources</a></li> <li><a href="#how_is_an_llc_taxed_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"How Is an LLC Taxed?","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>How Is an LLC Taxed?</a></li> <li><a href="#frequently_asked_questions_faqs_section" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)","clickType":"Jump Link","referenceText":""}'>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)</a></li> </ul> <div class="toc__fade"></div> </div> <div class="toc__show-more"><span>Show more</span> </div> <div class="toc__toggle-icon toggleClosed"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-body wysiwyg-content inarticle-link-tracking fs-article fs-responsive-text current-article"> <p>Setting up a limited liability company (LLC) properly is one of the most important steps in establishing your business. An LLC can offer your business liability protection as well as other perks. In this guide, Forbes Advisor walks you through how to start an LLC in seven steps.</p> <style>/*! purgecss start ignore */.tns-outer{padding:0!important}.tns-outer [hidden]{display:none!important}.tns-outer [aria-controls],.tns-outer [data-action]{cursor:pointer}.tns-slider{transition:all 0s}.tns-slider>.tns-item{box-sizing:border-box}.tns-horizontal.tns-subpixel{white-space:nowrap}.tns-horizontal.tns-subpixel>.tns-item{display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;white-space:normal}.tns-horizontal.tns-no-subpixel:after{clear:both;content:"";display:table}.tns-horizontal.tns-no-subpixel>.tns-item{float:left}.tns-horizontal.tns-carousel.tns-no-subpixel>.tns-item{margin-right:-100%}.tns-gallery,.tns-no-calc{left:0;position:relative}.tns-gallery{min-height:1px}.tns-gallery>.tns-item{left:-100%;position:absolute;transition:transform 0s,opacity 0s}.tns-gallery>.tns-slide-active{left:auto!important;position:relative}.tns-gallery>.tns-moving{transition:all 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data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Featured Partners ","componentType":"Featured Partners Global Widget ShortCode"}'><p class="featured-partners-heading">Featured Partners </p><div class="fp-wrapper fp-half-width" data-ecom-list='{"listName":"Featured Partners Global Widgets","productsOnPage":"4","appliedFilters":"","pageNumber":1}'><div class="featured-partner-wrapper"><div class="fp-disclosure-text">Advertisement</div><div class="fp-disclosure-icon-wrapper pointer tooltip-tippy-fp" title="We receive compensation from our partners for Featured Offer placements. This compensation impacts how and where their product or service is displayed but in no way affects our ratings, which are based on thorough research, solid methodologies and expert advice." ><svg class="inline-svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 14 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7 0C3.13438 0 0 3.13438 0 7C0 10.8656 3.13438 14 7 14C10.8656 14 14 10.8656 14 7C14 3.13438 10.8656 0 7 0ZM7 12.8125C3.79063 12.8125 1.1875 10.2094 1.1875 7C1.1875 3.79063 3.79063 1.1875 7 1.1875C10.2094 1.1875 12.8125 3.79063 12.8125 7C12.8125 10.2094 10.2094 12.8125 7 12.8125Z" fill="#999999"/><path d="M6.25 4.25C6.25 4.44891 6.32902 4.63968 6.46967 4.78033C6.61032 4.92098 6.80109 5 7 5C7.19891 5 7.38968 4.92098 7.53033 4.78033C7.67098 4.63968 7.75 4.44891 7.75 4.25C7.75 4.05109 7.67098 3.86032 7.53033 3.71967C7.38968 3.57902 7.19891 3.5 7 3.5C6.80109 3.5 6.61032 3.57902 6.46967 3.71967C6.32902 3.86032 6.25 4.05109 6.25 4.25ZM7.375 6H6.625C6.55625 6 6.5 6.05625 6.5 6.125V10.375C6.5 10.4437 6.55625 10.5 6.625 10.5H7.375C7.44375 10.5 7.5 10.4437 7.5 10.375V6.125C7.5 6.05625 7.44375 6 7.375 6Z" fill="#999999"/></svg></div></div><div class="featured-partners-container"><div class="featured-partners-card" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"ZenBusiness","componentType":"Generic Product"}'><div class="inner-wrapper " data-ecom-product='{"itemId":"588058","itemName":"ZenBusiness","itemBrand":"Share A Sale","itemCategory":"Business","itemCategory2":"","itemCategory3":"","itemCategory4":"","price":0,"quantity":1,"affiliation":"Share A Sale","coupon":"","secondaryCallout":"","starRatings":0,"initialCost":0,"subscriptionCost":0}'><div class="fp-loader"><div class="fp-loader__blocks fp-loader__header"></div><div class="fp-loader__blocks fp-loader__phone"></div><div class="fp-loader__blocks fp-loader__cta"></div><div class="fp-loader__blocks fp-loader__attr"></div></div><div class="heading-wrapper"><p class="card-number">1</p><p class="single-heading-text">ZenBusiness</p></div><div class="left"><div class="rating-wrapper"></div><div class="partners-stats"><div class="stats-wrapper"><div class="tooltip-wrapper label">Pricing </div><p class="value">$0 + State Fees</p></div><div class="stats-wrapper"><div class="tooltip-wrapper label">Service Time </div><p class="value">Varies By State & Package</p></div></div></div><div class="right"><div class="heading-wrapper"><div class="align-left with-best-of"><div class="heading-text"><p class="card-number">1</p><p class="card-title">ZenBusiness</p></div></div><div class="star-content-wrapper"><a href=https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack= target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="fp-widget-cta-event track-type" data-cta-text="NA" data-link-placement="Image Link" data-url="https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=" data-component-title="Featured Partner Widget" data-product-name="ZenBusiness" data-product-category="Business (Featured Partner)" data-product-position="1" data-product-badge="NA" data-product-rating="NA" data-product-offer="NA" data-wp-postid="588058" data-product-id="NA" data-product-segment="NA" data-ecom-conversion='{"clickText":"Image Link","clickUrl":"https:\/\/shareasale.com\/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=","partnerName":"Share A Sale"}' ><img decoding="async" class="logo" width="140" height="50" loading="lazy" loading="lazy" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/200x/https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/150x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Zenbusinessnew.png" alt="ZenBusiness" /></a><div class="rating-wrapper"></div></div></div><div class="logo-wrapper no-telephone-number"><a href=https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack= target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="fp-widget-cta-event track-type" data-cta-text="NA" data-link-placement="Image Link" data-url="https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=" data-component-title="Featured Partner Widget" data-product-name="ZenBusiness" data-product-category="Business (Featured Partner)" data-product-position="1" data-product-badge="NA" data-product-rating="NA" data-product-offer="NA" data-wp-postid="588058" data-product-id="NA" data-product-segment="NA" data-ecom-conversion='{"clickText":"Image Link","clickUrl":"https:\/\/shareasale.com\/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=","partnerName":"Share A Sale"}' ><img decoding="async" class="logo" width="140" height="50" loading="lazy" loading="lazy" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/200x/https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/150x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Zenbusinessnew.png" alt="ZenBusiness" /></a></div><div class="btn-wrapper"><a href="https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=" class="get-estimate-cta fp-widget-cta-event track-type" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-cta-text="Learn More" data-link-placement="Button Link" data-url="https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=" data-component-title="Featured Partner Widget" data-product-name="ZenBusiness" data-product-category="Business (Featured Partner)" data-product-position="1" data-product-badge="NA" data-product-rating="NA" data-product-offer="NA" data-wp-postid="588058" data-product-id="NA" data-product-segment="NA" data-ecom-conversion='{"clickText":"Learn More","clickUrl":"https:\/\/shareasale.com\/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=","partnerName":"Share A Sale"}' ><span class="arrow-wrapper">Learn More <svg viewBox="0 0 16 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M1.69287 7.92087L12.3691 7.92087L7.70041 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data-ecom-product='{"itemId":"920854","itemName":"Northwest Registered Agent","itemBrand":"Share A Sale","itemCategory":"Business","itemCategory2":"","itemCategory3":"","itemCategory4":"","price":0,"quantity":1,"affiliation":"Share A Sale","coupon":"","secondaryCallout":"","starRatings":0,"initialCost":0,"subscriptionCost":0}'><div class="fp-loader"><div class="fp-loader__blocks fp-loader__header"></div><div class="fp-loader__blocks fp-loader__phone"></div><div class="fp-loader__blocks fp-loader__cta"></div><div class="fp-loader__blocks fp-loader__attr"></div></div><div class="heading-wrapper"><p class="card-number">2</p><p class="single-heading-text">Northwest Registered Agent</p></div><div class="left"><div class="rating-wrapper"></div><div class="partners-stats"><div class="stats-wrapper"><div class="tooltip-wrapper label">Pricing </div><p class="value">$39 + State Fees</p></div><div class="stats-wrapper"><div class="tooltip-wrapper label">Service Time </div><p class="value">Varies By State & Package</p></div></div></div><div class="right"><div class="heading-wrapper"><div class="align-left with-best-of"><div class="heading-text"><p class="card-number">2</p><p class="card-title">Northwest Registered Agent</p></div></div><div class="star-content-wrapper"><a href=https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=1872522&u=2719178&m=69959&urllink=&afftrack= target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="fp-widget-cta-event track-type" data-cta-text="NA" data-link-placement="Image Link" data-url="https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=1872522&u=2719178&m=69959&urllink=&afftrack=" data-component-title="Featured Partner Widget" data-product-name="Northwest Registered Agent" data-product-category="Featured Product (Business)" data-product-position="2" data-product-badge="NA" data-product-rating="NA" data-product-offer="NA" data-wp-postid="920854" data-product-id="NA" data-product-segment="NA" data-ecom-conversion='{"clickText":"Image Link","clickUrl":"https:\/\/shareasale.com\/r.cfm?b=1872522&u=2719178&m=69959&urllink=&afftrack=","partnerName":"Share A Sale"}' ><img decoding="async" class="logo" width="140" height="50" loading="lazy" loading="lazy" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/200x/https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/150x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/northwest-registered-agent.png" alt="Northwest Registered Agent" /></a><div class="rating-wrapper"></div></div></div><div class="logo-wrapper no-telephone-number"><a href=https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=1872522&u=2719178&m=69959&urllink=&afftrack= target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="fp-widget-cta-event track-type" data-cta-text="NA" data-link-placement="Image Link" data-url="https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=1872522&u=2719178&m=69959&urllink=&afftrack=" data-component-title="Featured Partner Widget" data-product-name="Northwest Registered Agent" data-product-category="Featured Product (Business)" data-product-position="2" data-product-badge="NA" data-product-rating="NA" data-product-offer="NA" data-wp-postid="920854" data-product-id="NA" data-product-segment="NA" data-ecom-conversion='{"clickText":"Image Link","clickUrl":"https:\/\/shareasale.com\/r.cfm?b=1872522&u=2719178&m=69959&urllink=&afftrack=","partnerName":"Share A Sale"}' ><img decoding="async" class="logo" width="140" height="50" loading="lazy" loading="lazy" src="https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/x/https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/200x/https://thumbor.forbes.com/thumbor/fit-in/150x/https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/northwest-registered-agent.png" alt="Northwest Registered Agent" /></a></div><div class="btn-wrapper"><a href="https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=1872522&u=2719178&m=69959&urllink=&afftrack=" class="get-estimate-cta fp-widget-cta-event track-type" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" data-cta-text="Learn More" 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data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"<","clickType":"Slider","referenceText":""}'><svg id="prevSliderSvg" width="11" height="37" viewBox="0 0 11 37" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M11 18.5L0.5 36.2535L0.500002 0.746479L11 18.5Z" fill="#676767"/></svg></div><div class="next right-gradient" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":">","clickType":"Slider","referenceText":""}'><svg id="nextSliderSvg" width="11" height="37" viewBox="0 0 11 37" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M11 18.5L0.5 36.2535L0.500002 0.746479L11 18.5Z" fill="#676767"/></svg></div></div></div></div>   <div id="what_is_an_llc_section" class="article-section " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"What Is an LLC?","componentType":"Generic"}'> <h2>What Is an LLC?</h2> <div class="section-content " > <style> .related-widget { font-family: 'Work Sans', sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: 500; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; position: relative; padding-left: 10px; } .related-widget:before { content: ''; font-size: 0; padding-right: 9px; width: 0; height: 0; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 0 5px 5px; border-color: transparent transparent transparent #181716; position: absolute; top: 7px; left: 0px;} .title__related-widget { text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 500;} .link__related-widget { color: #395BB6 !important;} @media (max-width: 599px) { .related-widget { font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px;} .related-widget:before { top: 6px; border-width: 4px 0 4px 4px;} } </style><p>An LLC, is a type of legal entity that U.S. business owners can select for the operation of their enterprise. Creating an LLC protects an individual’s or group’s personal assets in case of legal trouble or bankruptcy. It also allows for flexible taxation options, as not all businesses operate in the same way. Some may elect for taxation as a sole proprietorship, but others may be taxed as a corporation. Consult a tax advisor to determine the best option for your LLC.</p> <p>Learn more in our <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/what-is-an-llc/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"full guide to LLCs","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/what-is-an-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>full guide to LLCs</a>.</p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="how_to_set_up_an_llc_section" class="article-section " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"How To Set Up an LLC","componentType":"Generic"}'> <h2>How To Set Up an LLC</h2> <div class="section-content " > <p>Use this seven-step guide to start an LLC today. Note that there are differences in laws and processes from state to state. Browse our state LLC formation guides for information specific to your state.</p> <h3>1. Decide on a Business Name</h3> <p>Marketing may be at the top of your mind as you consider names for your business. And while it’s important to choose the right name for branding purposes, your business name must also meet state law requirements.</p> <p>In general, state laws won’t allow you to <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-register-business-name/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"choose a business name","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-register-business-name\/","clickType":"internal"}'>choose a business name</a> that’s already being used by another business in your state. Most states also prohibit certain words that might imply you’re in a certain business, such as insurance or banking. You’ll probably need to include some version of “LLC” or “limited liability company” at the end of your business name.</p> <p>You can review your state’s LLC naming requirements and find out if the name you want is available by visiting the website of the state agency responsible for business filings (usually the Secretary of State) and doing a name search.</p> <h3>2. Designate a Registered Agent</h3> <p>Every state requires LLCs to have a registered agent. A <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/best-registered-agent-services/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"registered agent","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/best-registered-agent-services\/","clickType":"internal"}'>registered agent</a> is someone who receives official or legal documents (such as subpoenas) on behalf of the LLC. Once received, the registered agent then passes on these documents to the LLC.</p> <p>Anyone who is at least 18 years old can be a registered agent—and you’re allowed to name yourself or an employee. However, the agent must be available at an address within your state during normal business hours. You can also designate a company that provides registered agent services. This will come at a fee, of course; pricing for registered agents may cost more than a hundred dollars per year.</p> <p><strong>Should I Be My Own Registered Agent?</strong></p> <p>You can legally act as your registered agent in every state. However, the availability of this option doesn’t automatically make it suitable for everyone. If you decide to act as your LLC’s registered agent, you should know that your name and address will soon become a matter of public record.</p> <p>You must receive and handle crucial legal documents or notices as your LLC’s registered agent. If you are not as knowledgeable about local laws and believe you would struggle to manage this type of paperwork, acting as your own agent may not be best, even if the goal is to save money.</p> <p>Carefully consider your options and perhaps even consult with a lawyer or professional agency before becoming your LLC’s registered agent.</p> <h3>3. Get a Copy of Your State’s LLC Articles of Organization Form</h3> <p>To establish your LLC as a legal entity, you’ll file a document with the state agency that handles business filings in your state. In most states, this document is called the <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-articles-of-organization/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"articles of organization","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-articles-of-organization\/","clickType":"internal"}'>articles of organization</a>, but some states use a different name, such as a certificate of formation. Each state has a form you can use. To find your state’s form, go to the same website you used for business name research.</p> <h3>4. Prepare the LLC Articles of Organization Form</h3> <p>Each state lists its specific requirements and procedures for those trying to form an LLC. Basic information you’ll need to provide includes:</p> <ul> <li>Your business name</li> <li>The address of your principal place of business</li> <li>The purpose of the business</li> <li>The way your LLC will be managed</li> <li>Contact information for the registered agent (and in some states, the agent’s signature)</li> <li>The duration of the LLC</li> </ul> <p>Once these steps are complete, one or more business owners or organizers will need to sign the form.</p> <p>Some states, such as Nebraska and New York, require you to publish a notice in the newspaper indicating your desire to register your LLC. This step must be completed before filing the articles of organization.</p> <h3>5. File the Articles of Organization</h3> <p>Check your articles of organization carefully before submitting them to your state. You’ll also need to pay a filing fee, which varies depending on the state where you’re forming your business.</p> <p>When your formation documents are approved, you’ll be issued a certificate by the state to indicate your LLC is formally registered. Use it for other necessary tasks such as setting up a business bank account and getting a <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/ein-for-llc/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"tax ID number","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/ein-for-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>tax ID number</a>.</p> <h3>6. Create an Operating Agreement</h3> <p>An <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-operating-agreement/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"operating agreement","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-operating-agreement\/","clickType":"internal"}'>operating agreement</a> contains the details of the financial, legal and management rights of all members of the LLC. More specifically, it can include how profits will be distributed, how members leave the LLC and who contributes capital for the business. In essence, it should contain all relevant information pertaining to the operations of your LLC.</p> <p>Many states don’t require an operating agreement, but that doesn’t mean you don’t need to craft one. LLCs with more than one member or partner will want to create one to ensure everyone agrees on their rights and responsibilities. Even solo business owners benefit from outlining the details in writing.</p> <p>Crafting your own operating agreement is one option, especially for single-member LLCs. And there are plenty of free templates online to get you started. For more complex situations such as LLCs with multiple owners, hiring an experienced attorney may be well worth the expense.</p> <h3>7. Keep Your LLC Active</h3> <p>Setting up your LLC is only the start. Once it’s formed, you’ll need to ensure your business remains in good standing with your state. Again, refer to your state’s business filing website for current information on how to do so. You may need to file an annual report that updates information pertaining to your LLC and pay an annual filing fee.</p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="other_important_tasks_when_creating_an_llc_section" class="article-section " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Other Important Tasks When Creating an LLC","componentType":"Generic"}'> <h2>Other Important Tasks When Creating an LLC</h2> <div class="section-content " > <p>Alongside knowing how to start an LLC, there are a few key details to handle that contribute to the success of the new entity or which may serve as additional requirements for running your business.</p> <h3>Obtain Business Licenses and Permits</h3> <p>In addition to documents for establishing your LLC, you likely need to complete forms and submit fees related to business licenses and permits. This information is likely available from the same office or on the official website as part of the list of business forms and fee schedules.</p> <p>Confirm the types of licenses and fees your business needs to operate legally within your state. Be mindful of important deadlines, as you will likely have to apply to renew your license or permit periodically. Failing to meet renewal requirements could cause your LLC to lose its status as a legally recognized business.</p> <h3>Get an Employer Identification Number (EIN)</h3> <p><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/ein-for-llc/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Obtaining an EIN","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/ein-for-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Obtaining an EIN</a> is crucial for anyone seeking to start an LLC. First, it is an important means of separating your business entity and assets from your own finances. Additionally, banks often require an EIN when opening a business account for your LLC. Moreover, for some businesses, an EIN is mandatory. You should get your EIN as soon as you set up your new company.</p> <h3>Divide Business and Personal Assets</h3> <p>As mentioned, specific actions help separate your private assets from those linked to your business. Having an EIN and getting a business bank account are two common ways to begin this process.</p> <p>One related concern among LLC owners and members is how to pay themselves. Typically, this entails withdrawals from the business account associated with your LLC. Such a withdrawal would have to be labeled an “<a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/pay-yourself-from-llc/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"owner\u2019s draw","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/pay-yourself-from-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>owner’s draw</a>.” It allows you to treat yourself as an employee paid by the business, avoiding the issues raised by spending company money for private use.</p> <h3>Register Your Business in Other States</h3> <p>You may register your business in as many different states as you want. Additionally, the state where you choose to establish your domestic or in-state entity can be somewhere other than where you live. You can set up your foreign or out-of-state entity if you have a registered agent within that state.</p> <p>Creating a foreign LLC requires first establishing your business in a different state. If, for example, you originally incorporated your LLC in Delaware but wish to operate in Texas, you need to submit Form 304 or an Application for Registration of a Foreign Limited Liability Company to the Texas Secretary of State. Often, you must also provide a certificate of good standing and additional documentation to clear the way for registering your business in other states.</p> <p>Check out our guides below for details on creating an LLC in specific states.</p> <div class="state-hyperlinks-container" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"LLC State Guides","componentType":"State Hyperlinks"}'> <div class="state-hyperlinks-header-wrap " data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"LLC State Guides","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="state-hyperlinks-header"> <p class="state-hyperlink-heading">LLC State Guides</p> <p class="state-hyperlinks-subtext"> </div> </div> <div class="state-hyperlinks-wrapper" style="display: none"> <ul class="state-hyperlinks overflow-hidden"> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-alabama/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Alabama","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-alabama\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Alabama</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-alaska/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Alaska","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-alaska\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Alaska</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-llc-in-arizona/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Arizona","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-llc-in-arizona\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Arizona</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-llc-in-arkansas/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Arkansas","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-llc-in-arkansas\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Arkansas</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-start-an-llc-in-california/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"California","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-start-an-llc-in-california\/","clickType":"internal"}'>California</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-llc-in-colorado/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Colorado","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-llc-in-colorado\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Colorado</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-connecticut/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Connecticut","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-connecticut\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Connecticut</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-delaware/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Delaware","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-delaware\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Delaware</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-florida/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Florida","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-florida\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Florida</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-an-llc-in-georgia/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Georgia","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-an-llc-in-georgia\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Georgia</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-hawaii/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Hawaii","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-hawaii\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Hawaii</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-idaho/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Idaho","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-idaho\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Idaho</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-llc-in-illinois/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Illinois","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-llc-in-illinois\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Illinois</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-llc-in-indiana/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Indiana","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-llc-in-indiana\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Indiana</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-start-an-llc-in-iowa/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Iowa","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-start-an-llc-in-iowa\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Iowa</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-start-an-llc-in-kansas/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Kansas","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-start-an-llc-in-kansas\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Kansas</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-an-llc-in-kentucky/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Kentucky","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-an-llc-in-kentucky\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Kentucky</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-louisiana/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Louisiana","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-louisiana\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Louisiana</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-maine/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Maine","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-maine\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Maine</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-llc-in-maryland/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Maryland","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-llc-in-maryland\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Maryland</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-start-an-llc-in-massachusetts/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Massachusetts","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-start-an-llc-in-massachusetts\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Massachusetts</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-an-llc-in-michigan/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Michigan","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-an-llc-in-michigan\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Michigan</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-minnesota/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Minnesota","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-minnesota\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Minnesota</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-start-an-llc-in-mississippi/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Mississippi","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-start-an-llc-in-mississippi\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Mississippi</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-missouri/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Missouri","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-missouri\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Missouri</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-start-an-llc-in-montana/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Montana","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-start-an-llc-in-montana\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Montana</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-nebraska/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Nebraska","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-nebraska\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Nebraska</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-nevada/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Nevada","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-nevada\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Nevada</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-new-hampshire/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"New Hampshire","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-new-hampshire\/","clickType":"internal"}'>New Hampshire</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-new-jersey/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"New Jersey","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-new-jersey\/","clickType":"internal"}'>New Jersey</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-start-an-llc-in-new-mexico/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"New Mexico","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-start-an-llc-in-new-mexico\/","clickType":"internal"}'>New Mexico</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-new-york/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"New York","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-new-york\/","clickType":"internal"}'>New York</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-nc/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"North Carolina","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-nc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>North Carolina</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-north-dakota/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"North Dakota","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-north-dakota\/","clickType":"internal"}'>North Dakota</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-ohio/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Ohio","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-ohio\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Ohio</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-start-an-llc-in-oklahoma/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Oklahoma","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-start-an-llc-in-oklahoma\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Oklahoma</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-start-an-llc-in-oregon/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Oregon","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-start-an-llc-in-oregon\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Oregon</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-pennsylvania/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Pennsylvania","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-pennsylvania\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Pennsylvania</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-rhode-island/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Rhode Island","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-rhode-island\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Rhode Island</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-llc-in-south-carolina/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"South Carolina","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-llc-in-south-carolina\/","clickType":"internal"}'>South Carolina</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-south-dakota/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"South Dakota","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-south-dakota\/","clickType":"internal"}'>South Dakota</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-llc-in-tennessee/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Tennessee","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-llc-in-tennessee\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Tennessee</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-texas/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Texas","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-texas\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Texas</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-utah/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Utah","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-utah\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Utah</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-vermont/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Vermont","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-vermont\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Vermont</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-virginia/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Virginia","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-virginia\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Virginia</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-washington-state/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Washington","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-washington-state\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Washington</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-in-west-virginia/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"West Virginia","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-in-west-virginia\/","clickType":"internal"}'>West Virginia</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-llc-in-wisconsin/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Wisconsin","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-llc-in-wisconsin\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Wisconsin</a></li> <li class="state-hyperlink-link" ><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-set-up-an-llc-in-wyoming/" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Wyoming","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-set-up-an-llc-in-wyoming\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Wyoming</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="cta-builder" class="cta-builder exclude-eds with-map" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Start an LLC Online Today With ZenBusiness","componentType":"CTA Builder"}'> <div class="cta-builder__wrap with-cta-disclosure-icon" data-ecom-product='{"itemId":"","itemName":"Start an LLC Online Today With ZenBusiness","itemBrand":"Share A Sale","itemCategory":"Business","itemCategory2":"","itemCategory3":"","itemCategory4":"","price":0,"quantity":1,"affiliation":"Share A Sale","coupon":"","secondaryCallout":"","starRatings":0,"initialCost":0,"subscriptionCost":0}'> <div class="cta-disclosure-container"> <div class="cta-disclosure-wrapper"> <div class="cta-disclosure-text">Advertisement</div> 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This compensation impacts how and where their product or service is displayed but in no way affects our ratings, which are based on thorough research, solid methodologies and expert advice." > <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 14 14" fill="none"> <path d="M7 0C3.13438 0 0 3.13438 0 7C0 10.8656 3.13438 14 7 14C10.8656 14 14 10.8656 14 7C14 3.13438 10.8656 0 7 0ZM7 12.8125C3.79063 12.8125 1.1875 10.2094 1.1875 7C1.1875 3.79063 3.79063 1.1875 7 1.1875C10.2094 1.1875 12.8125 3.79063 12.8125 7C12.8125 10.2094 10.2094 12.8125 7 12.8125Z" fill="#999999"/> <path d="M6.25 4.25C6.25 4.44891 6.32902 4.63968 6.46967 4.78033C6.61032 4.92098 6.80109 5 7 5C7.19891 5 7.38968 4.92098 7.53033 4.78033C7.67098 4.63968 7.75 4.44891 7.75 4.25C7.75 4.05109 7.67098 3.86032 7.53033 3.71967C7.38968 3.57902 7.19891 3.5 7 3.5C6.80109 3.5 6.61032 3.57902 6.46967 3.71967C6.32902 3.86032 6.25 4.05109 6.25 4.25ZM7.375 6H6.625C6.55625 6 6.5 6.05625 6.5 6.125V10.375C6.5 10.4437 6.55625 10.5 6.625 10.5H7.375C7.44375 10.5 7.5 10.4437 7.5 10.375V6.125C7.5 6.05625 7.44375 6 7.375 6Z" fill="#999999"/> </svg> </div> </p></div> </div> <h2 class="cta-builder__title">Start an LLC Online Today With ZenBusiness</h2> <p class="cta-builder__desc">Click on the state below to get started.</p> <div class="map-wrapper"> <div id="mapsvg-111282" class="mapsvg"></div> </p></div> <p> <a href="https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=" class="cta-builder__btn cta-builder-button" data-nofollow="true" data-component="With Map" data-cta-placement="Button Link" style="background-color:#13B698" data-ecom-conversion='{"clickText":"Start Now","clickUrl":"https:\/\/shareasale.com\/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=","partnerName":"Share A Sale"}' > Start Now </a> </div> </p></div> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="why_form_an_llc_section" class="article-section " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Why Form an LLC?","componentType":"Generic"}'> <h2>Why Form an LLC?</h2> <div class="section-content " > <p>LLCs are popular for <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-become-entrepreneur/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"entrepreneurs","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-become-entrepreneur\/","clickType":"internal"}'>entrepreneurs</a> and groups seeking to launch a promising new business venture. Some common reasons why people elect to form LLCs include:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Low startup cost:</strong> Often, an LLC costs less to establish and run than a corporation. In some states, the fees are less than $100. LLCs are an ideal business structure for those wanting to start a company without <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-start-business-no-money/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"needing to spend a lot of money","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-start-business-no-money\/","clickType":"internal"}'>needing to spend a lot of money</a>.</li> <li><strong>Tax-related benefits:</strong> LLCs are unique in that they can be treated as pass-through entities and claimed on personal taxes, even as business assets get separated from one’s finances. Many LLC owners prefer this option as it helps avoid the possibility of double taxation. That said, LLCs may be treated as a sole proprietorship, partnership, C-corporation (C-corp) or S-corporation (S-corp) for tax purposes. <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-tax-benefits/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Learn more about LLC tax benefits","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-tax-benefits\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Learn more about LLC tax benefits</a>.</li> <li><strong>Liability shielding: </strong>As the name implies, running an LLC provides members and owners with some liability protection. For instance, successfully designating the business’s assets protects members’ assets if the company gets sued.</li> </ul> <p>Learning how to start an LLC isn’t too complex. There are even companies available to help you complete the paperwork and even handle yearly obligations on your behalf, such as annual reports.</p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="types_of_llcs_to_consider_section" class="article-section " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Types of LLCs To Consider","componentType":"Generic"}'> <h2>Types of LLCs To Consider</h2> <div class="section-content " > <p>When determining how to start an LLC, there are several types of LLCs to choose from; knowing the LLC structures available is essential for selecting a business model that most closely aligns with the nature of your company and how you intend for it to operate. These LLC structures include:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Single-member LLC:</strong> This LLC is owned and operated by a single person. While similar to a sole proprietorship, this LLC provides additional tax benefits and liability shielding.</li> <li><strong>Multi-member LLC:</strong> Standard LLCs with more than one member, often divided into manager-managed or member-managed entities.</li> <li><strong>L3C:</strong> These entities, also known as “low-profit liability companies,” act as a bridge between nonprofit LLCs and for-profit LLCs where the business cause remains the primary focus rather than earnings.</li> <li><strong>Series LLC:</strong> <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/what-is-series-llc/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Series LLCs","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/what-is-series-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Series LLCs</a> are tiered business structures where the topmost LLC owns a series of lower-tiered LLCs through limitless segregation. Each LLC in the series operates mostly independently of one another; their assets are also primarily separated.</li> <li><strong>PLLC:</strong> A specialized LLC, this business formation type is only available to certain licensed professionals.</li> <li><strong>Restricted LLC:</strong> Restricted LLCs are not taxed during the first 10 years of formation. Likewise, they cannot make distributions to members. It must be stated in the articles of organization that the LLC will be restricted.</li> </ul> <h3>Uncommon: Anonymous LLC</h3> <p>There isn’t a legal designation for this type of entity. Instead, an LLC gets deemed “anonymous” when the state does not publicly identify its owner. Much about business formation is a matter of public record, and there may be a reason someone would want to try to keep as much of their information private as possible. For instance, a single-member LLC owner may operate out of their home but may not want this fact to be a matter of public knowledge.</p> <p>Most states currently do not allow LLCs to get created anonymously. The option is presently limited to Delaware, Nevada, New Mexico and Wyoming.</p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="how_much_does_an_llc_cost_section" class="article-section " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"How Much Does an LLC Cost?","componentType":"Generic"}'> <h2>How Much Does an LLC Cost?</h2> <div class="section-content " > <p>The <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/cost-to-form-llc/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"cost to form\u00a0an LLC","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/cost-to-form-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>cost to form an LLC</a> depends on the state where it is created. You could pay as little as $40 or as much as $500 to file your LLC paperwork. That does not include other associated costs, such as paying to reserve a business name or expediting the process. You may also need to buy <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/software/what-is-a-business-license/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"business licenses","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/software\/what-is-a-business-license\/","clickType":"internal"}'>business licenses</a> or permits for your LLC.</p> <p>Moreover, when determining the cost of an LLC, it is vital to consider factors beyond the basic paperwork to form the business. That includes annual obligations such as registered agent fees and annual reports.</p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="llc_vs_other_business_types_section" class="article-section " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"LLC vs. Other Business Types","componentType":"Generic"}'> <h2>LLC vs. Other Business Types</h2> <div class="section-content " > <p>Many entrepreneurs and aspiring business owners choose to form an LLC because it is among the most cost-effective and streamlined ways to get your company off the ground. Yet, several other business types may be worth considering. Each option has its advantages and setbacks but may be worth considering.</p> <h3>Sole Proprietorship</h3> <p>A sole proprietorship is the most simple method of business operation. In this case, an individual engages in business without establishing a formal organization. You may act as a sole proprietor under your name or a pseudonym; if the latter, you would need to submit “doing business as” or DBA paperwork to the state, county and sometimes municipal government.</p> <p>The owner of a sole proprietorship reports business income and earnings on their personal tax returns. Be prepared to pay a self-employment tax, which as of 2023 is 15.3%. Unlike LLCs, sole proprietors take on all risks and have no liability protection. They also lack the flexibility to choose between operating as a pass-through business entity or as a corporation. A sole proprietorship may be a good starting point for an individual, but they might later consider creating a <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/single-member-llc/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"single-member LLC","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/single-member-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>single-member LLC</a>.</p> <h3>Partnership</h3> <p>A partnership is a business model established when two or more people join together to establish a for-profit company. You may choose to establish three types of partnerships: a general partnership, limited partnership or a limited liability partnership.</p> <p>In a general partnership, everyone has complete control and equally unlimited liability. This differs from a limited partnership, where one member assumes complete control of the day-to-day operations and others have limited control and liability. With an LLP, all partners have limited liability. As with a partnership, you and your partner or partners may be able to operate under a DBA as long as you complete the necessary paperwork, although some states may require you to register your partnership.</p> <p>A partnership does not pay income tax, as it is a “pass-through” entity. That means at tax time, each partner reports their share of the profits and losses on their returns.</p> <h3>Corporation</h3> <p>One can form and operate C, S, B, and closed corporations within the United States (depending on the state’s options). While LLCs provide various forms of flexibility, corporation structures are more rigid by comparison.</p> <p><strong>C-Corps</strong></p> <p>A C-corp is the most general form of this business model. It is recognized as a separate tax-paying entity. <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/llc-versus-corporation/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Along with an LLC","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/llc-versus-corporation\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Along with an LLC</a>, there is some limited liability protection.</p> <p>Corporation owners are known as shareholders, and the level of ownership is reflected in the percentage of company shares each person owns.</p> <p><strong>S-Corps</strong></p> <p>S-corp and C-corp businesses <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/c-corp-vs-s-corp/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"primarily differ","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/c-corp-vs-s-corp\/","clickType":"internal"}'>primarily differ</a> in how they are taxed. Unlike a standard corporation, an S-corp is treated as a “pass-through” entity exempt from federal income taxes. Instead, S-corp shareholders are taxed individually. With this model, it is possible for shareholders to cancel out profits with losses accumulated elsewhere.</p> <p><strong>B Corporations (B-corps)<br /> </strong></p> <p>In more recent years, a growing number of companies have chosen to operate as B-corps. B-corp formation means these businesses receive certification through a qualifying third party or state-level recognition of their ability to create social good. Often, this relates to employment, their local community or the environment.</p> <p>B-corps stand apart from other corporations regarding mission and purpose; the person or group behind these entities prioritizes running them as ethically and transparently as possible. In some states, B-corps must submit annual benefits reports demonstrating their contributions to the public good to maintain their status.</p> <p><strong>Closed Corporations</strong></p> <p>Closed corporations lack a traditional corporate structure. Instead of publicly traded shares, the company is run by a private group of shareholders; no board of directors is required.</p> <h3>Nonprofit Organization</h3> <p>A nonprofit organization is an entity that exists for reasons wholly separate from income generation, and no part of the organization’s earnings may be distributed to members, officers or directors. These organizations may be classified in different forms; for example, you may set up a nonprofit corporation or partnership. Some common examples of nonprofits include churches, public schools, political organizations, volunteer services and labor unions.</p> <p>One of the better-known benefits of operating a nonprofit is tax exemption status, but to maintain this, the organization must adhere to specific requirements. For instance, <a href="https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-tege/How%20to%20Lose%20Your%20Tax%20Exempt%20Status.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"the IRS notes","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/pub\/irs-tege\/How%20to%20Lose%20Your%20Tax%20Exempt%20Status.pdf","clickType":"external"}'>the IRS notes</a> that such an entity can lose its tax-exempt status by actively taking steps to earn private income or through political lobbying behaviors.</p> <h3>Cooperative</h3> <p>A cooperative, or co-op, is a type of business owned and controlled by the people and uses its services to meet their needs. Cooperatives typically operate in the insurance, credit, healthcare, telephone, electric, housing, transportation, child care and utility industries. Farmers often use cooperatives to both market and process their crops and livestock.</p> <p>According to the United States Department of Agriculture, as of 2022, <a href="https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2022/10/24/more-just-co-op-how-cooperatives-strengthen-economic-power" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"more than 30,000 cooperatives","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.usda.gov\/media\/blog\/2022\/10\/24\/more-just-co-op-how-cooperatives-strengthen-economic-power","clickType":"external"}'>more than 30,000 cooperatives</a> currently operate within the country. They are thought to generate more than $650 billion annually.</p> <p>Cooperatives are not tax-exempt entities; they are subject to real property, sales, employment and personal property taxation and taxes related to unemployment compensation, workers’ compensation, various utility services, etc.</p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="more_llc_resources_section" class="article-section " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"More LLC Resources","componentType":"Generic"}'> <h2>More LLC Resources</h2> <div class="section-content " > <p>We have various articles available for further reading if you are interested in additional information or resources concerning LLC definitions and the formation processes.</p> <p><strong>Helpful LLC Formation Services</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/best-llc-service/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Best LLC Services","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/best-llc-service\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Best LLC Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/best-registered-agent-services/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Best Registered Agent Services","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/best-registered-agent-services\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Best Registered Agent Services</a></li> </ul> <p><strong>Managing Your LLC</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/ein-for-llc/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"How To Get an EIN for an LLC","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/ein-for-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>How To Get an EIN for an LLC</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/best-state-form-llc/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Best State To Form an LLC","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/best-state-form-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>Best State To Form an LLC</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-add-member-llc/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"How To Add a Member to an LLC","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-add-member-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>How To Add a Member to an LLC</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-transfer-llc-ownership/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"How To Transfer LLC Ownership","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-transfer-llc-ownership\/","clickType":"internal"}'>How To Transfer LLC Ownership</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-change-llc-address/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"How To Change an LLC Address","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-change-llc-address\/","clickType":"internal"}'>How To Change an LLC Address</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/how-to-dissolve-an-llc/"data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"How To Dissolve an LLC","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/business\/how-to-dissolve-an-llc\/","clickType":"internal"}'>How To Dissolve an LLC</a></li> </ul> <div id="cta-builder" class="cta-builder exclude-eds default " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Start A Limited Liability Company Online Today with ZenBusiness","componentType":"CTA Builder"}'> <div class="cta-builder__wrap with-cta-disclosure-icon" data-ecom-product='{"itemId":"","itemName":"Start A Limited Liability Company Online Today with ZenBusiness","itemBrand":"Share A Sale","itemCategory":"Business","itemCategory2":"","itemCategory3":"","itemCategory4":"","price":0,"quantity":1,"affiliation":"Share A Sale","coupon":"","secondaryCallout":"","starRatings":0,"initialCost":0,"subscriptionCost":0}'> <div class="cta-disclosure-container"> <div class="cta-disclosure-wrapper"> <div class="cta-disclosure-text">Advertisement</div> <div class="cta-disclosure-icon-wrapper tooltip-tippy-cta-widget" title="We receive compensation from our partners for Featured Offer placements. This compensation impacts how and where their product or service is displayed but in no way affects our ratings, which are based on thorough research, solid methodologies and expert advice." > <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 14 14" fill="none"> <path d="M7 0C3.13438 0 0 3.13438 0 7C0 10.8656 3.13438 14 7 14C10.8656 14 14 10.8656 14 7C14 3.13438 10.8656 0 7 0ZM7 12.8125C3.79063 12.8125 1.1875 10.2094 1.1875 7C1.1875 3.79063 3.79063 1.1875 7 1.1875C10.2094 1.1875 12.8125 3.79063 12.8125 7C12.8125 10.2094 10.2094 12.8125 7 12.8125Z" fill="#999999"/> <path d="M6.25 4.25C6.25 4.44891 6.32902 4.63968 6.46967 4.78033C6.61032 4.92098 6.80109 5 7 5C7.19891 5 7.38968 4.92098 7.53033 4.78033C7.67098 4.63968 7.75 4.44891 7.75 4.25C7.75 4.05109 7.67098 3.86032 7.53033 3.71967C7.38968 3.57902 7.19891 3.5 7 3.5C6.80109 3.5 6.61032 3.57902 6.46967 3.71967C6.32902 3.86032 6.25 4.05109 6.25 4.25ZM7.375 6H6.625C6.55625 6 6.5 6.05625 6.5 6.125V10.375C6.5 10.4437 6.55625 10.5 6.625 10.5H7.375C7.44375 10.5 7.5 10.4437 7.5 10.375V6.125C7.5 6.05625 7.44375 6 7.375 6Z" fill="#999999"/> </svg> </div> </p></div> </div> <div class="left"> <h2 class="cta-builder__title">Start A Limited Liability Company Online Today with ZenBusiness</h2> <p class="cta-builder__desc">Click to get started.</p> </p></div> <div class="right"> <a href="https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=" class="cta-builder__btn cta-builder-button" data-nofollow="true" data-component="Default with White Background" data-cta-placement="Button Link" style="background-color:#13B698" data-trellis-widget-wrapper-id = "67c40b03c6899" data-ecom-conversion='{"clickText":"Start Now","clickUrl":"https:\/\/shareasale.com\/r.cfm?b=2183857&u=2719178&m=81890&urllink=&afftrack=","partnerName":"Share A Sale"}' > Start Now </a> </div> </p></div> </p></div> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="how_is_an_llc_taxed_section" class="article-section " data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"How Is an LLC Taxed?","componentType":"Generic"}'> <h2>How Is an LLC Taxed?</h2> <div class="section-content " > <p>How an LLC gets taxed will depend on the state and how the owner elects its tax status. The LLC is claimed on your personal taxes if treated as a pass-through entity. If elected to be taxed as a partnership or corporation, there will likely be additional taxes to be aware of. Fifteen states have franchise taxes that impact LLC owners.</p> <p>When forming your LLC, you should be sure to determine your tax obligations, as paying taxes is important for keeping your business in good standing.</p> </div> </div> <hr/><div id="frequently_asked_questions_faqs_section" class="faq-section article-section"data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)","componentType":"FAQ Section"}'><h2>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)</h2><div class="main-faqs faq-2021 faq-v2" data-ecom-container='{"componentTitle":"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)","componentType":"FAQ Component"}'> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Do I need an LLC for my business?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">Do I need an LLC for my business?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>That will entirely depend on your small business and its needs. If you are a freelancer or solopreneur, you may do fine with a simple sole proprietorship.</p> <p>But an LLC offers a number of advantages, such as protection as an individual from legal and financial problems that your company may face. LLCs also have more choices when it comes to the way they’re taxed. Be sure to do your research and get legal and tax advice before forming any sort of business.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Is it possible to set up an LLC for free?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">Is it possible to set up an LLC for free?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>While the cost to register an LLC varies by state, there is a fee to register in every state. So, while there are some companies that advertise “free” LLC formation, what this means is that the company will fill out the LLC paperwork for you for free. But again, you will still be responsible for the state’s filing fee.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"How long does it take to get an LLC?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">How long does it take to get an LLC?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>If filed online, it may be possible to get your LLC formed in two to four business days. Otherwise, LLC papers submitted by mail often take two to several weeks to process.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Do I need a registered agent for an LLC?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">Do I need a registered agent for an LLC?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>While each LLC is required to have a registered agent, it is possible to act as your own agent or appoint an LLC member to the role. Otherwise, you may hire an individual or company to act as your agent.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Can I create a joint account with an LLC?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">Can I create a joint account with an LLC?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>It is common for multi-member LLCs to open joint bank accounts to which all members have equal access.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"How do I file taxes for an LLC?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">How do I file taxes for an LLC?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>For LLCs treated as pass-through entities, one would file documents for the business along with personal tax forms. You will need to submit additional paperwork if the LLC is treated as a corporation. For instance, the IRS would require <a href="https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-8832" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow">Form 8832</a> for LLCs taxed as corporations.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"What is an LLC operating agreement?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">What is an LLC operating agreement?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>An LLC operating agreement is a document that determines business and financial decisions and key member roles. Some states require operating agreements before approving an LLC’s formation.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Can an LLC own another LLC?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">Can an LLC own another LLC?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>An LLC can own another LLC, and there are multiple ways to make this happen. When filing paperwork, a preexisting LLC may be deemed the owner of the new LLC. Alternatively, an LLC member may sell the entity to someone else. A series LLC is a tiered business structure where the topmost LLC owns the other lower-tiered businesses.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":" Can an LLC be a nonprofit?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text"> Can an LLC be a nonprofit?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>An LLC can be a nonprofit, provided it meets the requirements laid out within the state. Registering an L3C, or “low profit” LLC, may also be possible in some locations.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":" What&#039;s the difference between an LLC and a corporation?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text"> What's the difference between an LLC and a corporation?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>An LLC is owned by members, while shareholders own corporations. Corporations are often subject to additional taxes, while LLCs may be claimed on one’s personal tax documents.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Can I have multiple businesses under one LLC?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">Can I have multiple businesses under one LLC?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>It may be possible to have multiple businesses under one LLC if you set up the first entity as a holding company, after which future LLC ventures are held under the first LLC.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Can a trust own an LLC?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">Can a trust own an LLC?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>Yes, a trust can own an LLC. For instance, the trust can be named as a member in the articles of organization.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Do I need a DBA for my LLC?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">Do I need a DBA for my LLC?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>Most LLCs do not require a DBA (doing business as). An exception would be foreign LLCs that cannot use their original name within a state, as another company has already registered it. In that case, the company would need a DBA to operate.</p> </div> </div> <div class="faqs" data-ecom-misc-click='{"clickText":"Do I need a physical address for my LLC?","clickType":"Accordion","referenceText":""}'> <div class="faq-question"> <div class="plus-minus"> <svg width="18" height="17" viewBox="0 0 18 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="plus"> <line x1="9.22461" y1="1.78491" x2="9.22461" y2="15.2933" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> <line x1="16.5332" y1="8.83374" x2="1.46654" y2="8.83374" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> <svg width="18" height="2" viewBox="0 0 18 2" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="minus"> <line x1="16.5332" y1="1" x2="1.46654" y2="0.999999" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" /> </svg> </div> <h3 class="question-text">Do I need a physical address for my LLC?</h3> </div> <div class="faq-answer wysiwyg-content"> <p>An LLC isn’t legally required 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Your financial situation is unique and the products and services we review may not be right for your circumstances. We do not offer financial advice, advisory or brokerage services, nor do we recommend or advise individuals or to buy or sell particular stocks or securities. Performance information may have changed since the time of publication. Past performance is not indicative of future results.<br/> <br/> Forbes Advisor adheres to strict editorial integrity standards. To the best of our knowledge, all content is accurate as of the date posted, though offers contained herein may no longer be available. 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In addition to Forbes Advisor, she's published articles for Medical News Today, US News and World Report.</p> </div> </div> <div class="authorbio__wrap secondary"> <div class="authorbio__top"> <div class="authorbio__img-wrap"> <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" title="Cassie Bottorff" target="_blank" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Image Link","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'> <img src="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Cassie-Bottorff-headshot-Cassandra-Bottorff-88x88.png" width="64" height="64" alt="Cassie Bottorff" class="avatar avatar-64 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-64 alignnone photo" /> </a> </div> <div class="authorbio__content"> <a href="https://www.forbes.com/advisor/author/cbottorff/" target="_blank" class="authorbio__name" data-ecom-link='{"clickText":"Cassie Bottorff","clickCat":"Primary","clickUrl":"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/advisor\/author\/cbottorff\/","clickType":"internal"}'> Cassie Bottorff </a> <div class="authorbio__role">Former Deputy Editor</div> </div> </div> <div class="authorbio__bottom"> <p>Cassie is a former deputy editor who collaborated with teams around the world while living in the beautiful hills of Kentucky. Focusing on bringing growth to small businesses, she is passionate about economic development and has held positions on the boards of directors of two non-profit organizations seeking to revitalize her former railroad town. 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"string" && str !== ''; } function isSet(val) { switch (typeof val) { case "string": return isStringSet(val); case "object": return val !== null; case "number": case "boolean": return true; default: return false; } } return { isStringSet: isStringSet, isSet: isSet }; })(); var eventLib = (function () { function addEvent(elem, type, eventHandle) { if (elem.addEventListener) { elem.addEventListener(type, eventHandle, false); } else if (elem.attachEvent) { elem.attachEvent("on" + type, eventHandle); } elem = null; // Handle Memory Leak } function removeEvent(elem, type, eventHandle) { if (elem.removeEventListener) { elem.removeEventListener(type, eventHandle); } else if (elem.detachEvent) { elem.detachEvent('on' + type, eventHandle); } elem = null; } return { addEvent: addEvent, removeEvent: removeEvent, }; })(); var hintUtil = (function (util) { function injectHostNameHint(hint, hostname) { if (util.isStringSet(hostname)) { try { var link = document.createElement("link"); link.rel = hint; link.href = hostname; var headElement = document.head || document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0]; headElement.appendChild(link); } catch (e) { } } } function isHintSupported(hint) { try { return document.createElement('link').relList.supports(hint); } catch (e) { } return false; } return { injectHostNameHint: injectHostNameHint, isHintSupported: isHintSupported }; })(util); var domUtil = (function (util) { function getHostnameFromUrl(url) { var urlParts; if (url.indexOf("//") > -1) { urlParts = url.split('/'); url = urlParts[0] + "//" + urlParts[2]; return url; } } /** * Extract hostname from the anchor element * @param element * @returns {string|*} */ function getHostnameOfAnchorElement(element) { if (util.isSet(element.origin)) { return element.origin; } else if (util.isSet(element.protocol) && util.isSet(element.hostname)) { return element.protocol + "//" + element.hostname; } else if (util.isSet(element.href)) { return getHostnameFromUrl(element.href); } } return { getHostnameOfAnchorElement: getHostnameOfAnchorElement }; })(util); var preconnectHandler = (function (hintUtil, eventLib, domUtil) { var preconnectedHostsList = {}; function injectSerpPreconnectHint(hostname) { hintUtil.injectHostNameHint("preconnect", hostname); addHostnameToPreconnectedList(hostname); } /** * Inject Serp Pre-connect hint for hostname's not pre-connected * Adds hostname to the list of pre-connected hostname's * Removes hostname from the list of pre-connected hostname's after timeout * @param event */ function preconnectEventHandler(event, element, preconnectEvent) { var hostname = domUtil.getHostnameOfAnchorElement(element); if (!isPreconnectedHostname(hostname)) { injectSerpPreconnectHint(hostname); eventLib.removeEvent(element, "mouseover", preconnectEvent); eventLib.removeEvent(element, "touchstart", preconnectEvent); setTimeout(function () { removeHostnameFromPreconnectedList(hostname); attachHoverListener(element); }, 10000); } } /** * Add event to the element if the element's hostname is not pre-connected * @param element */ function attachHoverListener(element) { var hostname = domUtil.getHostnameOfAnchorElement(element); var preconnectEvent = (function (element) { return function (event) { preconnectEventHandler(event, element, preconnectEvent); }; })(element); if (!isPreconnectedHostname(hostname)) { eventLib.addEvent(element, "mouseover", preconnectEvent); eventLib.addEvent(element, "touchstart", preconnectEvent); } } /** * Removes hostname from the list of pre-connected hostname's * @param hostname */ function removeHostnameFromPreconnectedList(hostname) { preconnectedHostsList[hostname] = 0; } /** * Adds hostname to the list of pre-connected hostname's * @param hostname */ function addHostnameToPreconnectedList(hostname) { preconnectedHostsList[hostname] = 1; } /** * Checks if the hostname is pre-connected or not * @param hostname * @returns {boolean} */ function isPreconnectedHostname(hostname) { return preconnectedHostsList[hostname] === 1; } /** * Attaches eventAction Event to the element passed * @param eventAction * @param element */ function initialisePreconnectSetup(eventAction, element) { if (eventAction == "hover") { attachHoverListener(element); } } function isSupported() { return hintUtil.isHintSupported("preconnect"); } return { initialisePreconnectSetup: initialisePreconnectSetup, isSupported: isSupported }; })(hintUtil, eventLib, domUtil); var dnsPrefetchHandler = (function (hintUtil, domUtil) { var dnsPrefetchedHostsList = {}; function initialiseDnsPrefetchSetup(element) { var hostname = domUtil.getHostnameOfAnchorElement(element); if (!isDnsPrefetchedHostname(hostname)) { hintUtil.injectHostNameHint("dns-prefetch", hostname); addHostnameToDnsPrefetchedList(hostname); } } /** * Adds hostname to the list of dns pre-fetched hostname's * @param hostname */ function addHostnameToDnsPrefetchedList(hostname) { dnsPrefetchedHostsList[hostname] = 1; } /** * checks if hostname is dns pre-fetched or not * @param hostname * @returns {boolean} */ function isDnsPrefetchedHostname(hostname) { return dnsPrefetchedHostsList[hostname] === 1; } function isSupported() { return hintUtil.isHintSupported("dns-prefetch"); } return { initialiseDnsPrefetchSetup: initialiseDnsPrefetchSetup, isSupported: isSupported }; })(hintUtil, domUtil); var init = function(anchorElement){ if (preconnectHandler.isSupported()) { preconnectHandler.initialisePreconnectSetup("hover", anchorElement); } if (dnsPrefetchHandler.isSupported()) { dnsPrefetchHandler.initialiseDnsPrefetchSetup(anchorElement); } } return { init : init } })(); </script><script> var __cookieController = (function () { function getSubDomain() { var hostName = window.location.hostname; if (!!hostName) { var parts = hostName.split('.'); if (parts.length > 2) { parts.shift(); } hostName = parts.join('.'); } return hostName; } function sanitizeCookieValue(value) { return encodeURIComponent(value).replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9%]/g, ''); } /* * Read a cookie value * */ function get(name) { var start = document.cookie.indexOf(name + "="); var len = start + name.length + 1; if ((!start) && (name !== document.cookie.substring(0, name.length))) { return null; } if (start === -1) { return null; } var end = document.cookie.indexOf(";", len); if (end === -1) { end = document.cookie.length; } var cookieVal = document.cookie.substring(len, end); cookieVal = sanitizeCookieValue(cookieVal); return cookieVal; } /* * Create a cookie for forbes.com dommain * */ function set(name, value, expireInDays) { var today = new Date(), path = '/', domain = '.' + getSubDomain(); today.setTime(today.getTime()); if (expireInDays) { expireInDays = expireInDays * 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24; } var expireDate = new Date(today.getTime() + (expireInDays)); document.cookie = name + "=" + escape(value) + ((expireInDays) ? ";expires=" + expireDate.toGMTString() : "") + ((domain) ? ";domain=" + domain : "") + ((path) ? ";path=" + path : ""); } return { get: get, set: set, } })(); var __helper = (function () { /* * Get Host name from url * */ function getHostname(url) { if (!!url) { var link = document.createElement('a'); link.href = url; return link.hostname; } return null; } /* * Get Query Parameter * */ function getQueryParameterValue(field, url) { var href = url ? url : window.location.href; var reg = new RegExp('[?&]' + field + '=([^&#]*)', 'i'); var string = reg.exec(href); return string ? string[1] : null; } /* * Checks for empty values * Example : '' | "" | null | undefined | false * */ function empty(val) { return val === '' || val === null || typeof val == 'undefined' || val === false; } /* * Generate values between two numbers exclusive of the range * */ function getRandomInt(min, max) { min = Math.ceil(min); max = Math.floor(max); return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min)) + min; } return { getHostname: getHostname, getQueryParameterValue: getQueryParameterValue, empty: empty, getRandomInt: getRandomInt, } })(); var __linkTrackingController = (function (__cookie, __util, __prefetch) { var E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_USER_ID = 'fadve2etid'; var E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_USER_VISIT_COUNT = 'fadve2etidvcnt'; var E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_UTM = 'fadve2esrc'; var E2E_COOKIE_ORIGINAL_TID_PARAM = 'fadve2etid_oname'; var E2E_COOKIE_ORIGINAL_TID_VALUE = 'fadve2etid_oval'; var E2E_HOST = 'related.forbes.com'; var BANKRATE_HOST = 'oc.brcclx.com'; var POLICYGENIUS_HOST = "policygenius.go2cloud.org"; var CM_PREFIX_ID = '_spid'; var E2E_REDIRECT_URL = 'https://related.forbes.com/trf?o=gqT2vtgaO1NVU2O4ubzbbRKuqAIAh5jbhu-tB-B2XR9mkqq2r1uP3UQ86qlwjDTZcKefs9W1ct4iXHB8cr3Q5iQgynTrcq_Pg_eLRCaLJaHBM8WuHhRH8aWVp2KOcc_rsjl4oQeRfrNe3Dt5Tkj0_4KayhC_KRgY-2CxyWvgC5I=&p=qIZUfGF2w6pxNO0krbxBf2o-8MJII1YwehXZNXIUxHHkbrJRS564JaRaPyj7AKpp&r='; var LINKSYNERGY_HOST = "click.linksynergy.com"; var COOKIE_CLIENT_ID = window?.annotationKey + '_clientId'; /* * Generate a hash code from a string * */ String.prototype.hashCode = function () { var hash = 0; if (this.length === 0) return hash; for (i = 0; i < this.length; i++) { char = this.charCodeAt(i); hash = ((hash << 5) - hash) + char; hash = hash & hash; } if (hash < 0) return "N" + (hash * -1); else return "P" + hash; }; function getNanoId(length = 20) { const a = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; length = Math.min(length, a.length); let result = ""; const randomValues = crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(length)); for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) { result += a[randomValues[i] % a.length]; } return result; } /* * Get Utm params Mapping * */ function getUtmSourceClickIdParamMapping() { return { "outbrain": ["ob_click_id", "clickid", "OutbrainClickId", "outbrainclickid"], "taboola": ["tcid"], "bing": ["msclkid"], "kw": ["fbclid"], "facebook": ["fbclid"] }; } function getValidClickIdParams() { return ["gclid"]; } /** * Returns object with parameter and value * Example : ob_click_id=jfkjkfjskafjkj * returns : { param: ob_click_id , value:jfkjkfjskafjkj } */ function getOgUtmParamValuePair() { var trackingParamsObj = { param: '', value: '' }; var utmSource = __util.getQueryParameterValue('utm_source'); if (!!utmSource) { utmSource = utmSource.toLowerCase(); var utmParamMappinArray = getUtmSourceClickIdParamMapping(); if (!!utmParamMappinArray[utmSource] && utmParamMappinArray[utmSource].length > 0) { for (var idx_param = 0; idx_param < utmParamMappinArray[utmSource].length; idx_param++) { var idFromUrl = __util.getQueryParameterValue(utmParamMappinArray[utmSource][idx_param]); if (!!idFromUrl) { trackingParamsObj.param = utmParamMappinArray[utmSource][idx_param]; trackingParamsObj.value = idFromUrl; break; } } } } /** * If no valid param mapping found in url check for valid click id */ if( ! trackingParamsObj.value && ! trackingParamsObj.param ){ /** * Check for valid click ID in the url If found return the id and value */ var clickIdParam = getValidClickIdParams(); for(var i = 0; i < clickIdParam.length; i++){ var clickIdFromUrl = __util.getQueryParameterValue(clickIdParam[i]); if(!!clickIdFromUrl){ trackingParamsObj.param = clickIdParam[i]; trackingParamsObj.value = clickIdFromUrl; break; } } } return trackingParamsObj; } function generateHashFromOgParam(paramsObj) { if (!!paramsObj.value && typeof paramsObj.value === 'string') { var hashInput = paramsObj.value + new Date().getTime() + __util.getRandomInt(1, 99); return hashInput.hashCode(); } return ''; } /** * This function return user id * If found in cookie returns the cookie value * If not found in cookie generated a user id * If og params are invalid return empty string */ function getUserIdHashFromOgParam() { var hash = ''; var paramsObj = getOgUtmParamValuePair(); if (!!paramsObj.param && !!paramsObj.value) { var paramFromCookie = __cookie.get(E2E_COOKIE_ORIGINAL_TID_PARAM); var paramValueFromCookie = __cookie.get(E2E_COOKIE_ORIGINAL_TID_VALUE); //Get user id from cookie if found if ( !!paramFromCookie && !!paramValueFromCookie && paramsObj.param === paramFromCookie && paramsObj.value === paramValueFromCookie ) { var userIdFromCookie = __cookie.get(E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_USER_ID); if (!!userIdFromCookie){ hash = userIdFromCookie; } } //If user id is not present in cookie generate one if (!hash) { hash = generateHashFromOgParam(paramsObj); } } window.dataLayer.push({ 'cd': { 'OriginalTrackingParam': paramsObj.param, 'OriginalTrackingParamValue': paramsObj.value, } }); return hash; } /* * Get Default User ID Hash * returns hash : P74473637 * */ function getDefaultUserIdHash() { var userid = 'NOTID' + new Date().getTime() + __util.getRandomInt(1, 99); return userid.hashCode(); } /** * Tid From Utm Param * */ function getUserIdHashForPartnership(){ var userid = ''; var partnershipMap = { partnership:'P' }; var utmMediumParam = __util.getQueryParameterValue('utm_medium'); //generate new user id if(!!utmMediumParam && partnershipMap.hasOwnProperty(utmMediumParam)){ userid = getDefaultUserIdHash(); userid = userid + partnershipMap[utmMediumParam]; userid = userid.toUpperCase(); } return userid; } /* * Get Unique Hash * returns numeric 9 digit value: 187654367 * */ function getUniqueId(suffix) { return getNanoId(12); suffix = suffix || ''; var rand = __util.getRandomInt(100000000, 999999999); var timestamp = (suffix.toUpperCase() + Math.round((new Date()).getTime() / 1000)); return timestamp.concat(rand); } /** * Add a query string to url */ function addQueryString(param) { var url; if (param.hasOwnProperty('url') && !__util.empty(param.url)) { url = param.url; } if (param.hasOwnProperty('parameterName') && !__util.empty(param.parameterName) && param.hasOwnProperty('parameterValue') && !__util.empty(param.parameterValue)) { if (url.indexOf(param.parameterName) !== -1 && param.hasOwnProperty('override') && param.override === true) { var tidFromurl = __util.getQueryParameterValue(param.parameterName, url); url = url.replace(param.parameterName + '=' + tidFromurl, param.parameterName + '=' + param.parameterValue); } else { //if parameter is not found if (url.indexOf('?') !== -1) { url = url + '&' + param.parameterName + '=' + param.parameterValue; } else { url = url + '?' + param.parameterName + '=' + param.parameterValue; } } } return url; } /** * @param link * @param attributes */ function setAttributesToLink(link, attributes) { if (!!link && typeof attributes === 'object') { for (var prop in attributes) { if (attributes.hasOwnProperty(prop) && !!attributes[prop]) { link.setAttribute(prop, attributes[prop]); } } } return link; } /** * Appends tracking ID to provided url * Checks for topics | bankrate url * @param url * @param hostName * @param trackingId * * @return string */ function appendTrackingId(url, hostName, trackingId) { var urlWithTrackingID; if (E2E_HOST === hostName) { var affiliateLink = __util.getQueryParameterValue('r', url); if (!!affiliateLink) { affiliateLink = decodeURIComponent(affiliateLink); affiliateLink = addQueryString({ url: affiliateLink, parameterName: 'tid', parameterValue: trackingId, override: true, }); urlWithTrackingID = E2E_REDIRECT_URL + encodeURIComponent(affiliateLink) + CM_PREFIX_ID; }else{ urlWithTrackingID = url; } } else if (BANKRATE_HOST === hostName) { url = addQueryString({ url: url, parameterName: 'tid', parameterValue: trackingId, override: true, }); urlWithTrackingID = E2E_REDIRECT_URL + encodeURIComponent(url) + CM_PREFIX_ID; } else if (LINKSYNERGY_HOST === hostName) { urlWithTrackingID = addQueryString({ url: url, parameterName: 'u1', parameterValue: trackingId, override: true, }); } else if (POLICYGENIUS_HOST === hostName) { urlWithTrackingID = addQueryString({ url: url, parameterName: 'aff_click_id', parameterValue: '', override: true, }); } else { urlWithTrackingID = url; } return urlWithTrackingID; } /* * Get User Id Hashcode * */ function getUserIdHash() { var userid = ''; var clientId = __cookie.get(COOKIE_CLIENT_ID); if(clientId){ userid = clientId; }else{ var prefix = (typeof ecomBase !== 'undefined' && ecomBase?.tidPrefix) ? ecomBase.tidPrefix : "FA"; userid = prefix + getNanoId(20); __cookie.set(COOKIE_CLIENT_ID, userid, 365); } return userid; //Get Tid From Url var tidFromUrl = __util.getQueryParameterValue('tid'); if (!!tidFromUrl) { userid = tidFromUrl; } //Get Tid for partnership var tidForPartnership = getUserIdHashForPartnership(); if (!!tidForPartnership) { userid = tidForPartnership; } //Generate hash from if og parameter is found in url var userIdHashFromUrl = getUserIdHashFromOgParam(); if (__util.empty(userid) && !!userIdHashFromUrl) { userid = userIdHashFromUrl; } //Read user id from cookie if found if (__util.empty(userid)) { userid = __cookie.get(E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_USER_ID); } //Generate a new user id if (__util.empty(userid)) { userid = getDefaultUserIdHash(); } return userid; } //get user id hash var USER_ID_HASH = getUserIdHash(); function getUtmSource(ogParamObj) { var utmSource = ''; var clickIdUtmSourceMapping = { "gclid": "google" }; if(!!clickIdUtmSourceMapping[ogParamObj.param]){ utmSource = clickIdUtmSourceMapping[ogParamObj.param]; }else{ utmSource = __util.getQueryParameterValue('utm_source'); } return utmSource; } /** * Set Cookie Values * fadve2etid = USERID | Generated from Client Side script * fadve2etidvcnt = 1 | Increments on every page refresh * fadve2esrc = utm_source * fadve2etid_oname = gclid * fadve2etid_oval = fjdalskff78gsf78asfsf7as6f7as */ function setCookie() { //Get user id Hash var userIDHash = USER_ID_HASH; //Number of days to store cookies var DAYS = { TWENTY_YEARS: 365 * 20, THIRTY: 30, ZERO: 0 }; //Get userid from cookie var userIdFromCookie = __cookie.get(E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_USER_ID); /** * Set Cookie Values * If cookie is not present then create one * If the value of userIDHash is different from the cookie value than update the value */ if (__util.empty(userIdFromCookie) || userIDHash !== userIdFromCookie) { //create cookie for userid __cookie.set(E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_USER_ID, userIDHash, DAYS.TWENTY_YEARS ); //set user visit count __cookie.set(E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_USER_VISIT_COUNT, 1, DAYS.ZERO); } else { //get user visit count var userVisitCount = __cookie.get(E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_USER_VISIT_COUNT); userVisitCount = parseInt(userVisitCount); userVisitCount = isNaN(userVisitCount) ? 1 : (userVisitCount + 1); //set incremented visitor count __cookie.set(E2E_COOKIE_ADVISOR_USER_VISIT_COUNT, userVisitCount, DAYS.ZERO) } } /** * Set Tracking Values (?tid=USERID_UNIQUEID) for all bankrate urls * Set Link Attributes rel="nofollow" & target="_blank" */ function getTrackingIdHash() { var hashes = {}; var uniqueIdHash = getUniqueId('c'); hashes.uid = uniqueIdHash; hashes.tid = USER_ID_HASH + '_' + uniqueIdHash; return hashes; } /** * Set Tracking Values (?tid=USERID_UNIQUEID) for all bankrate urls * Set Link Attributes rel="nofollow" & target="_blank" */ function setTrackingId(elSelector) { var elementSelector = elSelector || 'body a'; var links = document.querySelectorAll(elementSelector); if (links.length > 0) { for (var x = 0; x < links.length; x++) { var link = links[x]; var url = link.getAttribute('href'); //get hostname var hostName = __util.getHostname(url); if (!!url && !!hostName && (hostName === E2E_HOST || hostName === BANKRATE_HOST || hostName === POLICYGENIUS_HOST || hostName === LINKSYNERGY_HOST)) { if( hostName !== POLICYGENIUS_HOST ) { __prefetch.init(link); } //Generate Tracking ID var idsObj = getTrackingIdHash(); //append tracking id url = appendTrackingId(url, hostName, idsObj.tid); //set tracking attributes link = setAttributesToLink(link, { "href": url, "rel": "nofollow noopener", "target": "_blank", "data-uid": USER_ID_HASH, "data-cid": idsObj.uid, "data-tid": idsObj.tid, }); } } } } return { setCookie: setCookie, setTrackingId: setTrackingId, getUserIdHash: getUserIdHash, USER_ID_HASH: USER_ID_HASH, getUniqueId: getUniqueId, getTrackingIdHash: getTrackingIdHash } 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} if (portionHiddenAfterVP > 0) { visibility -= (portionHiddenAfterVP * 100) / elementHeight; } return visibility; } } function getSizeArray(placeholderId) { try { var currentDeviceConfig = dfpConfig[deviceType]; // Eg: dfpConfig['1'] if (!!currentDeviceConfig && !!currentDeviceConfig[placeholderId]) { var placeholderObj = currentDeviceConfig[placeholderId]; //eg: dfpConfig['1']['rec'] return placeholderObj.size || []; } } catch (error) { console.log('Error while creating size array', error); } return []; } function getcssClass(placeholderId) { try { deviceType = getDeviceTypeInNumber(deviceType); var currentDeviceConfig = dfpConfig[deviceType]; // Eg: dfpConfig['1'] if (!!currentDeviceConfig && !!currentDeviceConfig[placeholderId]) { var placeholderObj = currentDeviceConfig[placeholderId]; //eg: dfpConfig['1']['rec'] return placeholderObj.cssClass || ''; } } catch (error) { console.log('Error while returning cssClass ', error); } return ''; } function getPageIndex(articleIndex, currentRowIndex) { var totalSlides = currentRowIndex; for (var ai = 0; ai < articleIndex; ai++) { totalSlides += slidesCountMap[ai]; } return totalSlides; } window.placeHolderMap = {}; window.slidesCountMap = {}; function generatePlaceHolders(parentID) { try { var parentID = parentID || false; var placeholderClassList = [], placeholderIDList = []; var currentDeviceConfig = dfpConfig[deviceType]; for (placeholderId in currentDeviceConfig) { if (currentDeviceConfig.hasOwnProperty(placeholderId)) { placeholderIDList.push(placeholderId); placeholderClassList.push(currentDeviceConfig[placeholderId].cssClass); } } generatePlaceholderDivsAndMapping(parentID, placeholderClassList, placeholderIDList); } catch (error) { console.log('Error generatePlaceHolders', error); } } //this function will generate placeholder divs and mapping for lazy loading function generatePlaceholderDivsAndMapping(parentID, placeholderClassList, placeholderIDList) { var articleRowList = null; if (parentID) { var el = document.getElementById(parentID); articleRowList = el.getElementsByClassName("article-row"); } else { articleRowList = document.getElementsByClassName("article-row"); } if (articleRowList.length !== 0) { var articleIndex = articleRowList[0].getAttribute('data-page'); slidesCountMap[articleIndex] = articleRowList.length; } var placeholderCounterMap = {}; for (var row = 0; row < articleRowList.length; row++) { var articleRow = articleRowList[row]; var articleIndex = articleRow.getAttribute('data-index'); var pageIndex = articleRow.getAttribute('data-page'); var placeholderIndexMapKey = pageIndex + "" + articleIndex; if (!placeholderIndexMap[placeholderIndexMapKey]) { placeholderIndexMap[placeholderIndexMapKey] = {}; } for (var pindex = 0; pindex < placeholderClassList.length; pindex++) { var placeholderClass = placeholderClassList[pindex]; var placeholderID = placeholderIDList[pindex]; if (!placeholderCounterMap[placeholderID]) { placeholderCounterMap[placeholderID] = 0; //{recx: 0 } } if (!placeholderIndexMap[placeholderIndexMapKey][placeholderID]) { placeholderIndexMap[placeholderIndexMapKey][placeholderID] = []; } var placeholderDivs = articleRow.getElementsByClassName(placeholderClass); //loop placeholder divs for (var ph = 0; ph < placeholderDivs.length; ph++) { //{01: {recx: []}} placeholderIndexMap[placeholderIndexMapKey][placeholderID].push(placeholderCounterMap[placeholderID]); //generate divs var placeholder = document.createElement("div"); var id = placeholderID + '-' + pageIndex + '-' + placeholderCounterMap[placeholderID]; //recx-0-1 placeholder.id = id; // placeholder.className = (placeholderID != 'mnra') ? 'animated-background' : ''; window.placeHolderMap[id] = true; placeholderDivs[ph].appendChild(placeholder); placeholderCounterMap[placeholderID]++; } } } } function initializeDFP(callback) { try { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("channel", "business_us"); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("id", "/advisor/102816" ); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("authorName", "toni-matthews-el" ); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("template", "guides-template" ); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("section", "personal-finance" ); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("authorType", "former-staff-writer" ); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("category", "business" ); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("swimlane", "" ); googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.enableServices(); }); if (callback && typeof (callback) === "function") { callback(); } } catch (error) { console.log('DFP Error' + error); } } function lazyLoadSlots(articleIndex, rowIndexArray) { /* This function will create div ids, size array and call defineSlot */ rowIndexArray.forEach(function (rowIndex) { var slotMetaDataArray = []; var placeholderIndexMapKey = articleIndex + "" + rowIndex; //Eg: 01 var slotIndexMap = placeholderIndexMap[placeholderIndexMapKey]; if (!slotIndexMap) { console.log('slot not found', placeholderIndexMapKey); return false; } for (placeholderId in slotIndexMap) { // Eg: placeholderId = rec if (slotIndexMap.hasOwnProperty(placeholderId)) { var indexArray = slotIndexMap[placeholderId]; //Eg: [1,2] indexArray.forEach(function (index) { var slotId = placeholderId + "-" + articleIndex + "-" + index; // eg: rec-0-1 //push to slotMetaDataArray, if slotId present in placeHolderMap and slotId not true in defineSlotMap if (window.placeHolderMap[slotId] && !window.defineSlotMap[slotId]) { var sizeArray = getSizeArray(placeholderId); //eg: [[320,50], [1,1]] var pageIndex = getPageIndex(articleIndex, rowIndex); if (sizeArray.length != 0) { var slotMetaDetails = { sizeArray: sizeArray, slotId: slotId, placeholderId: placeholderId, index: index, articleIndex: articleIndex, pageIndex: pageIndex, unitPath: unitPath, batch: articleIndex + "" + rowIndex }; slotMetaDataArray.push(slotMetaDetails); } } }); } } //send slots to dfp for each row if (slotMetaDataArray.length != 0) { defineDFPSlotBatches(slotMetaDataArray); } }); //send max 4 slots to dfp // while (slotMetaDataArray.length > 0) { // var chunkArray = slotMetaDataArray.splice(0,4); // defineDFPSlotBatches(chunkArray); // } } window.allSlots = {}; function defineDFPSlotBatches(slotMetaDataArray) { if (!!window.dfpdbg) { console.log('slotMetaDataArray', slotMetaDataArray); } var firstSlotMeta = slotMetaDataArray[0]; var batch = firstSlotMeta.batch; var placementMap = []; window.allSlots[batch] = []; slotMetaDataArray.forEach(function (meta) { placementMap.push({slotID: meta.slotId, sizes: meta.sizeArray}); defineSlot(meta); }); if (placementMap.length !== 0) { // callAmazon(placementMap, batch); // callApsOnError(batch); callGPT(placementMap, batch); } } //DFP Slot logic start window.defineSlotMap = {}; function defineSlot(slotMeta) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { var slotId = slotMeta.slotId; var slot = googletag.defineSlot(slotMeta.unitPath, slotMeta.sizeArray, slotId) .addService(googletag.pubads()) .setTargeting('pos', slotMeta.placeholderId) .setTargeting('slotId', slotId); // .setTargeting(slotMeta.placeholderId, slotMeta.index + '') // .setTargeting('pageIndex', slotMeta.pageIndex); googletag.display(slotId); window.allSlots[slotMeta.batch].push(slot); window.defineSlotMap[slotId] = true; }); } // function callApsOnError(batch) { // if (apsErrorLoading) { // googletag.cmd.push(function () { // googletag.pubads().refresh(window.allSlots[batch]); // }); // } // } // function callAmazon(placementMap, batch) { // apstag.fetchBids({ // slots: placementMap // }, function (bids) { // googletag.cmd.push(function () { // apstag.setDisplayBids(); // googletag.pubads().refresh(window.allSlots[batch]); // }); // }); // } function callGPT(placementMap, batch) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().refresh(window.allSlots[batch]); }); } var sections = document.getElementsByClassName('article-row'); function initDFPScrollhandler(callback, destroySlots) { _maddEventHandler(window, 'scroll', debounce(function () { var scrollTop = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop; var direction = (scrollTop > previousScrollTop) ? 1 : -1; //downward scroll var large = 0; var largestVisibleElement = 0; for (var s = 0; s < sections.length; s++) { var section = sections[s]; var percentage = getVisibilityForElement(section); if (percentage > 99) { large = percentage; largestVisibleElement = section; break; } if (large < percentage) { large = percentage; largestVisibleElement = section; } } // console.log('lll ', largestVisibleElement, large, sections.length); if (largestVisibleElement) { var currentRowIndex = largestVisibleElement.getAttribute('data-index'); var dataPageIndex = largestVisibleElement.getAttribute('data-page'); var isDFPCalled = largestVisibleElement.getAttribute('data-dfp') || false; // Destroy old slots if (destroySlots === true) { destroyOldSlots(currentRowIndex, dataPageIndex); } if (!!isDFPCalled) { return; } if (callback && typeof (callback) === "function") { callback(direction, currentRowIndex, dataPageIndex); } largestVisibleElement.setAttribute("data-dfp", true); } previousScrollTop = scrollTop <= 0 ? 0 : scrollTop; }, 250)); } function destroyOldSlots(currentRowIndex, dataPageIndex) { var deleteOffset = 3; var articleIndex = dataPageIndex; var deleteRowIndex = currentRowIndex - deleteOffset; // To handle slides for previous article if (deleteRowIndex < 0 && articleIndex > 0) { // while(deleteRowIndex < 0 && articleIndex >= 0){} articleIndex = articleIndex - 1; if (slidesCountMap[articleIndex] >= 0) { deleteRowIndex = slidesCountMap[articleIndex] + deleteRowIndex; } } if (deleteRowIndex < 0) { return; } var batchNumber = articleIndex + "" + deleteRowIndex; //01 if (allSlots[batchNumber] && allSlots[batchNumber].length != 0) { // console.log('-- Destroy --'); // console.log('Row Index: ', deleteRowIndex); // console.log('BatchNumber -> ', batchNumber); googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.destroySlots(allSlots[batchNumber]); }); allSlots[batchNumber] = []; var slotIndexMap = placeholderIndexMap[batchNumber]; for (placeholderId in slotIndexMap) { // Eg: placeholderId = rec if (slotIndexMap.hasOwnProperty(placeholderId)) { var indexArray = slotIndexMap[placeholderId]; //Eg: [1,2] indexArray.forEach(function (index) { var slotId = placeholderId + "-" + articleIndex + "-" + index; // eg: rec-0-1 defineSlotMap[slotId] = false; // console.log('slotId -> ', slotId); }); } } var articleWrapper = document.getElementsByClassName('spa-article')[articleIndex]; if (!!articleWrapper) { var articleRow = articleWrapper.getElementsByClassName('article-row')[deleteRowIndex]; if (!!articleRow) { articleRow.removeAttribute('data-dfp'); } } // console.log('-- Destroy --'); } } function loadSingleUnit(posArray, articleIndex, parentID) { var slotMetaDataArray = []; var parentEle = null; if (parentID) { parentEle = document.getElementById(parentID); } else { parentEle = document; } posArray.forEach(function (pos) { var placeholderClass = getcssClass(pos); var parentDiv = parentEle.getElementsByClassName(placeholderClass); if (!!parentDiv.length != 0) { //create div var placeholder = document.createElement("div"); var slotId = pos + "-" + articleIndex; //rec-0 placeholder.id = slotId; placeholder.className = 'placeholder'; window.placeHolderMap[slotId] = true; parentDiv[0].appendChild(placeholder); var sizeArray = getSizeArray(pos); var meta = { sizeArray: sizeArray, slotId: slotId, placeholderId: pos, index: 1, articleIndex: articleIndex, pageIndex: 1, unitPath: unitPath, batch: articleIndex + "w" }; slotMetaDataArray.push(meta); } else { console.error('placeholder not found', placeholderClass); } }); if (slotMetaDataArray.length !== 0) { defineDFPSlotBatches(slotMetaDataArray); } } function refreshSlots(slots) { if (slots.length !== 0) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().refresh(slots); }); } } </script> <script> var deviceType = getDeviceTypeInNumber(window.deviceType); var RIGHT_RAIL_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT = 1100; var RIGHT_RAIL_FIRST_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT = 1500; var RIGHT_RAIL_MIN_LAST_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT = 800; var posData = { top : { placeholder:'top-ed-placeholder', sizes:[[728,90],[970,250],[970,90],[970,66], [1,1], ['fluid']], tabletSizes:[[728,90], [1,1], ['fluid']], }, rail : { placeholder:'rail-recx-ed-placeholder', sizes:[[300,250], [336,280], [300,600], [1,1], ['fluid']], }, inlineArticle : { placeholder:'inline-article-ed-placeholder', sizes:[[300,250], [300,251], [300,50], [320,50], [1,1], ['fluid']], }, mobileSticky : { placeholder:'mobile-sticky-ed-placeholder', sizes:[[300,50],[320,50], [1,1], ['fluid']], }, showDfpShortcode : { placeholder:'show-dfp-shortcode-ed-placeholder', sizes:[[300,250], [1,1], ['fluid']], }, }; var shortcodePosData = { inread : { selector : "#show-dfp-yhs-shortcode-ed", } }; var selectors = { articleWrapper: '.blue-banner-component', rightRailDfp: '.right-rail__display', rightRailContent: '.right-rail__content', topRightRail: '.top-right-rail', articleBody: '.article-body', topEd: '.top-ed-placeholder', header: '.header-us', showDfpShortcode:'#show-dfp-shortcode-ed', excludeSections: ['.faqs', '.exclude-eds'], leftRailWrapper: '.main-content-inner-wrapper', rightRailWrapper: '.right-rail', }; var util = function(){ /** * This function inserts a element after reference node * @param el * @param referenceNode */ var insertAfter = function (el, referenceNode) { referenceNode.parentNode.insertBefore(el, referenceNode.nextSibling); }; /** * This function inserts a element before reference node * @param el * @param referenceNode */ var insertBefore = function(el, referenceNode) { referenceNode.parentNode.insertBefore(el, referenceNode); }; /** * This function creates a element * @param el * @param attr * @returns {element} */ function createElement(el,attr){ el = el || 'div'; attr = attr || {}; var e = document.createElement(el); if( attr ){ for(var p in attr){ e.setAttribute(p,attr[p]); } } return e; } function throttle(fn, delay) { var canCall = true; return function () { if (canCall) { for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) { args[_key] = arguments[_key]; } fn.apply(null, args); canCall = false; setTimeout(function () { canCall = true; }, delay); } }; }; function debounce(fn, delay) { var timer; return function () { for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) { args[_key] = arguments[_key]; } if (timer) clearTimeout(timer); timer = setTimeout(function () { fn.apply(null, args); }, delay); }; }; function $qs(selector){ return document.querySelector(selector); } function $qsa(selector){ return document.querySelectorAll(selector); } return { insertAfter:insertAfter, insertBefore:insertBefore, createElement:createElement, throttle:throttle, debounce:debounce, $qs:$qs, } }(); /** * @returns {number} * @param calculationParameters * * First DFP section height: 1500px * Middle DFP section height: 1100px * Last min DFP section height: 800px * * Based on the above parameters calculate the number of DFP section for Right Rail */ function getTotalSectionCountDesktop (calculationParameters) { var totalHeight = (calculationParameters.totalHeight - calculationParameters.heightDeduction); var count = 0; var remainingHeight = 0; if (totalHeight > RIGHT_RAIL_FIRST_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT) { totalHeight -= RIGHT_RAIL_FIRST_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT; count += 1; } var sectionCount = Math.floor(totalHeight / calculationParameters.sectionHeight); if (sectionCount) { count += sectionCount; remainingHeight = totalHeight - (sectionCount * RIGHT_RAIL_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT); } else { remainingHeight = totalHeight; } if (remainingHeight >= RIGHT_RAIL_MIN_LAST_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT) { count += 1; } return count < 0 ? 0 : count; } /** * @returns {number} * @param sectionHeight */ function getTotalHeight(sectionHeight){ var defaultHeight = sectionHeight || 2000; var sectionsParent; if (window.__articleMainContentSelector) { sectionsParent = document.querySelector(__articleMainContentSelector); } else { sectionsParent = document.querySelector(selectors.leftRailWrapper); } return ( !!sectionsParent ) ? sectionsParent.offsetHeight : defaultHeight ; } /** * @returns {number} */ function getHeightDeduction(){ var deductionHeight = 0; var rightRailContents = document.querySelectorAll(selectors.rightRailContent); if (rightRailContents && rightRailContents.length) { rightRailContents.forEach(function (ele) { if (!!ele) { deductionHeight += ele.offsetHeight; } }); } return deductionHeight; } /** * This function will generate placeholders */ function generateRightRailPlaceholders(){ var totalHeight = getTotalHeight(RIGHT_RAIL_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT); var htDeduction = getHeightDeduction(); var calculationParameters = { totalHeight: totalHeight, sectionHeight: RIGHT_RAIL_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT, heightDeduction: htDeduction }; var sectionCount = getTotalSectionCountDesktop(calculationParameters); if( !!sectionCount ){ var html = ''; var lastDfpSectionHeight = ( (totalHeight - htDeduction - RIGHT_RAIL_FIRST_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT) - ( (sectionCount - 1) * RIGHT_RAIL_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT ) ) + RIGHT_RAIL_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT; for(var i=0; i < sectionCount ;i++){ if ( i === 0 ){ html += '<div class="article-row" data-page="0" data-index="'+i+'" style="height:'+RIGHT_RAIL_FIRST_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT+'px;"><div class="'+posData.rail.placeholder+' text-center sticky-item"></div></div>'; } else if ( sectionCount - 1 === i ) { html += '<div class="article-row" data-page="0" data-index="'+i+'" style="height:'+lastDfpSectionHeight+'px;"><div class="'+posData.rail.placeholder+' text-center sticky-item"></div></div>'; }else{ html += '<div class="article-row" data-page="0" data-index="'+i+'" style="height:'+RIGHT_RAIL_DFP_SECTION_HEIGHT+'px;"><div class="'+posData.rail.placeholder+' text-center sticky-item"></div></div>'; } } var rightRailDfp = document.querySelector(selectors.rightRailDfp); if(!!rightRailDfp){ rightRailDfp.innerHTML = html; } } } /** * This function will generate top ed placeholder */ function generateTopEdPlaceholder(){ var top = util.createElement('div',{ "class":'top-ed-placeholder', }); util.insertBefore(top,util.$qs(selectors.articleWrapper)); }; /** * This function will generate mobile sticky ed placeholder */ function generateMobileStickyEdPlaceholder(){ var bottom = util.createElement('div',{ "class":'mobile-sticky-ed-placeholder', }); util.insertAfter(bottom,util.$qs(selectors.articleWrapper)); handleNotices(bottom); }; function handleNotices(bottomStickyElement){ if(!!bottomStickyElement){ var stickyHeight = bottomStickyElement.offsetHeight; stickyHeight = ( stickyHeight > 0 )? stickyHeight : 0; var notices = util.$qs('.notices'); if (notices) { notices.style.bottom = stickyHeight + "px"; } } } /** * This function will generate placehoders */ function generateIncontentPlaceholders(){ var parentWrapper = document.querySelector(selectors.articleBody); var paras = parentWrapper.querySelectorAll('p'); var dataIndex = 0; var initialLoad = true; var initialLoadCount = 0; var validParagraphCount = 0; var maxCharacterLength = 150; for(var i = 0 ; i < paras.length ;i++){ var currentPara = paras[i]; var text = currentPara.textContent || currentPara.innerText; var excludeCurrentPara = currentPara.getAttribute('data-ed-excluded-el'); if( text.length > maxCharacterLength && excludeCurrentPara === null ){ validParagraphCount++; } if( ( initialLoad && validParagraphCount === 2 ) || validParagraphCount === 4 ){ initialLoadCount++; if( initialLoadCount === 2 ){ initialLoad = false; } var wrapper = util.createElement('div',{ "class":'article-row', "data-page":0, "data-index":dataIndex, }); wrapper.appendChild( util.createElement('div',{class:posData.inlineArticle.placeholder}) ); util.insertAfter( wrapper, currentPara ); dataIndex++; validParagraphCount = 0; } } } /** * This function will generate incontent ed placeholder for dfp shortcode */ function generateIncontentShortcodePlaceholder() { var stl = "text-align:center;margin:10px 0;"; if (deviceType === 3) { stl += "margin-right:-15px;margin-left:-15px;"; } var shortcodePlaceholder = util.createElement('div', { "class": posData.showDfpShortcode.placeholder, "style": stl }); var el = util.$qs(selectors.showDfpShortcode); if (!!el) { el.appendChild(shortcodePlaceholder); } } /** * This function will return array of elements for exclusion * elementSelectors : ['.faqs','.someothersection'] * * return [div.faq,div#something]; */ function getSectionsDomElementsToExclude(elementSelectors){ var allElements = []; if( Array.isArray(elementSelectors) && elementSelectors.length > 0 ){ elementSelectors.forEach(function(elSelector){ var els = document.querySelectorAll(elSelector); if( els.length > 0 ){ for( var i = 0; i < els.length ; i++ ){ allElements.push(els[i]); } } }); } return allElements; } /** * This function will add exclusion attribute */ function addEdExclusionDataAttribute(els){ var noOfElements = els.length; if( !!els && noOfElements > 0 ){ for( var i = 0 ; i < noOfElements ; i++ ){ els[i].setAttribute('data-ed-excluded-el',true); } } } /** * This function adds exclusion attribute to elements found in exclusion section */ function addExlusionAttribute(callback){ var allSectionstoExclude = getSectionsDomElementsToExclude(selectors.excludeSections); if( Array.isArray(allSectionstoExclude) && allSectionstoExclude.length > 0 ){ allSectionstoExclude.forEach(function(section){ var paras = section.querySelectorAll('p'); addEdExclusionDataAttribute(paras); }); } if( typeof callback === 'function'){ callback(); 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