CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9151b46d6a02fd6c',cH: 'o1wJpXKQX7p1YRXj.cTh8T_Q9L5Q3A2zhRnZdJOwehY-1740088148-1.2.1.1-6FdmwKKUeYS80SvNv86Ci6casIfwJXsRSqmQ6KbX1WD2BXc5KwTpP6aPiU8WxRBD',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=sandwich%20panel&__cf_chl_tk=utMcbyx6G5vhjaIzvAulcP61RgTcc4WZmRZ6T3F_vDA-1740088148-1.0.1.1-Wrr3GeJfaMR6QbocXTlvVavjO9bXKE5ODbLiBjjgDX4",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740088148',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=sandwich%20panel&__cf_chl_f_tk=utMcbyx6G5vhjaIzvAulcP61RgTcc4WZmRZ6T3F_vDA-1740088148-1.0.1.1-Wrr3GeJfaMR6QbocXTlvVavjO9bXKE5ODbLiBjjgDX4",md: "pmAXoS_SEPbnlWeJ81cQ6Zmx0CbpXedZmafSmtLIAx8-1740088148-1.2.1.1-iAUVFF25nftSZfV2RSFNsMeubEyErk3xmyGmfk.FSRDuE6MkyjDc9dYGEgKLOnDw7NTdR.wEsxcQDck3vaTxyO7rQoMSmMIoqfe7IKRDARgv8Yki7r59PeXJMrLZPpYqIvoxFfhg_mgQD.WF9zrY4Z7Lvr09EvUILXzYkPKpoDrPc6jq6jGyE.VzfjD1Lbs66H318BnY28wcrUzCKR9k7oXEOG4PV_XDma8yZduPWmUQ9EWfLNzVDkigZ_3LZV50wxEmNCawJNgsm4ybf4CBvV_FVJd0H01qZk5q_r_fJUL7BTrLiAh.eaRZu1fRsBCG9V4_ksZ73HUZBrmc5RoP30vzhQ950oQ2h3_TaI7v47uIQN.s7kqNDpn4zzVrU4gkd2q46jsh96cPcgBOcpUMhpSQRoyPTaM4OOMSRiYHUC.3QrY5CpaFzTg6ql7BYPgTQIfNnA3GSiPgm1bFXOF1RceM168PtrvexIOTkz93X7pbuywi5jtbn.zlC2sNdNW1Lhr4zVzV7uDQEob6MUc3yqPzzwmyOHjP7eatxX8L74ysZRiTW7naRgV7vKipI8ZJiGDcKLnJZXObwx77n9YgBqYGvo2wyfH_MX6ADU.FY9P1PMFPcyWKCEr_W3z5c_2Ko.Wo5G58zSHE6pb5jH1Ab0w6Hf8jV3VqtZ4Yo_Je_Qk7gJophwCp0Bpgi0qCyeI29hQJkaJzAS17f3RqtIm245IIHZyb8G9Mk5zrM.8MFgSF4LBdwbZsrVlFPKieW5qIc5DxXpib.UdbXB_Ghc1bSV1yqvPsqYdhW7DMNZjAEX0e9pNY1p_KIQnrn0u51fPahXITArAtNkHpLeEAtWmobMpUdnHSUi1HGre4olDg6r_8XMsEJa6HAhQIREJvWgdogFViFYSNflDGh4MkXVctteDOqXWjn8PnkCJcTJkhcDy8O7O2z39iGk7fWalZH8vct6gbNGfw_7HzDeOcvg93TlkBYjXqXMHUz4oX3fZaBOu3W297w7TrkQKn8TyAlFaeTtaJ8zqHn8NXKT2ymNxT1mnp24J5frPAGv4tDBG5_QM1yL3LJ7W1bNvzCEFZsTHttfT9by1JCevN.3bbI7b1RnaV_WeRLJzFcD947Po48qBTuxMdBkTUapJ528pD974_o4Ypk8CYNU0SjlDCQgT3o9UCUR4tBA78Go6bpe5xyEN5x5IRbhwxq0EYWTAFsM9eyA5IH2A.u7VQxZJAlHJQ00299r.tSHgflsMShYtrtD3vYQVqhjIAsNl0p.poMmXUqZwjcmAuzOjvvBV7rw2bUo0G0I8FVElJYGax_bhp4Gvqfhi43wiIqwdjy.L6Jl321aHTHp803K1q_6exRkH7r_LUad4Wc7dEXvrCZbydinLjbEK8pyYmZWJPBhZek7vlU3wVlxm07qFsMnsmv9KNF.4Bm5Zihb87IxgXGuqAARNftYclzcGAAsUbleblPBRJamHbLKaLQG7vGTdNbz3fjdcOuxy2ud3ygJehqFCqKkVD2FJ3bheSdj7TTp..hmgJA621XWCc5hiZqIb4M4QmvJuICGyfLEQuUIZHighQGH42wB3i3lq58s8Tdz659uJWp7abSxIjp_kPq_8bB4zpBDyHsqHPq01PM1rSJpiOv9qNI3ddHwBxc0mBmZpe08qW.lssifh8Qpyy2zdP9c4e1zvRCF7FxHQQ3sf24c_yjOXvsga5zzb40yhcyjhjRdQv.LG6NE6xlGAVXgG.lfWI0sEgCD2dmGp_JEbQ7e_cEydjuzn0_IOVO.C83d4WDDlYLNrueCzdDDXXrMMpUtO.UQT0tVWMlXrh7Kpdzftlotj8W4LrIUVcVFMNs2DhpGYXF7oOEYokkx8my9FeghYSp1L0N4W7nFAJOUefRbHiK0moXD6Z_5xTVAvcFzmuC8UsqBZht76YsI5SLP3fgZpS8xpEDN5kJZsjX6I9s0VL_i8",mdrd: "bMzuVB7IYpbsGp8Glgxuh66kLtQd98wiDsAZ_v.vHzM-1740088148-1.2.1.1-K3.EyFas.Yi_Um_CZAXji8O.svPKwQKJ1I.0_SJIPmLaR7t7FZVb3kLEr7Jeqy_JAOe1Nwr7znRV_8nw.tTBt3IR2vkmjJ093RX5rGFj1UfrgyAZEa8P4vP4zHZwAfFClb3mTtNYkuGXUCy1GlWhGw5anvH4JJRXG8ZtH8i3vSKFb1IWCUr7I0a.ozeNzlgM3Q9U_r3q7QQ2nzjWMJk6ieFfYDyNENKJDbE9b_XxW_a8aGTARI.Qpa41_E7F_NcEDudVXqhihjeY_K_9VFyCrTgwPJqycSGClaRDveKEMIC6Csf8MKJmMuo_hGr5be3A9OYuDBnvX8m686_OuMZvYwrMZmVp12ucURM4PFIPyJ.nv_axO4vBCSdNDaM9BYs.hvrhkrp8yihF7BzXA.HJFkBjj03v.MeDOWSnSsuRczN83_0au56jSV_oWCcB87f5jngAVapvOnex5ArNflxIi94Pin_4L6N1i01TWAQX_pBzoUSQNB_g5XpiPevG_UdT_B9CYmvUwMWkx0vJIfJBkTfZNUARcTbyjo1RtCo235kTsjR35t8ISuy0fw_F.VgIOqy6b.Yx6nCL1p8oySKlO6v7ovDbliqHkTk9pYfmOcYkPYqRV_7EucUKwTb581syv6jKeeRidl4CZLm0VITR4SrCI3YBJUFbLqpJ4QGzOk7I6DE1a.nZrgqTGVmocIOsw.SWQinnZxq2AqC7ScPM1Mv2zvSlBd3ndlXnTA2KspTnGi8H6tG.0_LKNMywGzFBrpEZUrSEYoJ3AkYUtoa0.QnnYZGfuC7Klv2nva8is9r5t0wlvIbkdcmNkuOXI4vocLKBnJliux7xYY1LUcsnzhcnzEZuSJ9R4y8ahZ_7Y8WCA3wGPWuGBOLlCNQmFdhltaVw8c4ORu6VlbF9vVLzJ9yWQYQ5vUqmwUS1BJmIQqkUC0..oeNAuk_xGAy1536NXG.AQeiKXQglGB9mGc24RQDUX70KBChco7ZrexLPql.Dp11uS.n3Hdo.MEAmXgIlkmgVXmcBcYnguCGA_7107MFSFeTMABcFdrAyaPsq5RZ22tKYkD4lHee12Kzt64PYgTwdwtqJUux0o6do0cAvcl8DpaPkJTqvzWybJi.4raYJbp8xgGUXYTgujfgJbQaz2qNjfKM2pi8yDp5M81r5qz7WB.Uq08XZggTdbAQyJrFYMB3QTzpM3SKV1H_.SN_4ofe_f670lr2H0rPP7a3MzxaKTNGLkQ1PdzLZ6dzX9dil.ee6sOB9zKXxLHHmSsdamOyJUv3cs.iNvrOJhNbb9UaxnRN4XVQGo7PZcClu4nkFmEOf5KDHZ5huzOIt_fGJDOu3npvwDigWbrsVt2bTwbo9t0klYvp2Y4g1PpMu1zTBxZOBRpclY_xHrt_yRELAijZxn8gs3qeClvfYSoOyA76tktKN2Cf5igVg4qOcWJ.S8b6N.w9cCDlOW.1PJUUHwVD8Tois9eu3st_3mRzrJ_3frZTc0R9T4pyTLW9lzgTh3yCLlTfGTmVhGl1hllaPQr0DtTK83Gt1J6SU.mej_wJauGSto5xyT9z7vvEqKmIzjs6esb0jUCxWVAQKgBgsfp.Ufd1v3upqfxSIH7OGWa_W4x_z2Mc2qK7nrqvFGLhdbyy2oJ1snqEEHjRL6QPaPRZvE.tNmuVbsD7DKOP7_hFfO4SykHf4jIpg4IEedVn7ormlLY8zWieo85PRef10LMGAFNnxmUCWpYsoK54YpHFIip5GmTGuLcriIlQhU3etcH3ifwSTQpvyv8y2ON0BtfrfEY70hukPyMhf1GFNaXJT.VItGEeKG.hwkPJIyQ5Jfe89vnazh1ybn2ODbfzkVjLRT7JTkbMDqVPSTajbrnjXjDozDe5bo6HolGM5rE2qY74YbCc1.Wlg3nGk.DGHWYuKiSrpgbKLrukz_.YXpQNmyvBNNNaiF3qYChsnaA3cLH8Lk1acnZvj.4DQR8XUfMKLSuZj_Vqr6yogIqVCQw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9151b46d6a02fd6c';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=sandwich%20panel&__cf_chl_rt_tk=utMcbyx6G5vhjaIzvAulcP61RgTcc4WZmRZ6T3F_vDA-1740088148-1.0.1.1-Wrr3GeJfaMR6QbocXTlvVavjO9bXKE5ODbLiBjjgDX4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>