CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91358645ec52fdf7',cH: 'rdCRomawPOhvc6Cg.awZopCGhndMb5eCpbBOQmjUfUQ-1739792656-1.2.1.1-VSD.9y3Z7.Tvdsw9cErZPxj4lrLaIZIU3JV19k0KwvY16AWSfZhJBY1QV.ugnyuT',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Lahieb%20A.%20Abrahim&__cf_chl_tk=4H4OR9lyx.xZOXKPHrgiL3Vz0YoLsGGUgIqz3Ljz7sM-1739792656-1.0.1.1-UBZeKmezMDtxBel1txf130mtcMpGmxah3vPSdpuPutc",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739792656',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Lahieb%20A.%20Abrahim&__cf_chl_f_tk=4H4OR9lyx.xZOXKPHrgiL3Vz0YoLsGGUgIqz3Ljz7sM-1739792656-1.0.1.1-UBZeKmezMDtxBel1txf130mtcMpGmxah3vPSdpuPutc",md: "aJ9HzB8szIsJ9G5Sg289gTezvdZgvZFF2qAewTfJt5M-1739792656-1.2.1.1-JyOflqzsyZlJ5bPJecNdLWp2hukZh3H5Xio8Cdgu6ykjvYvx6nh8B6__9WT0R_YtSlm.HkZ007A1NiK6dBgvlyXNyYomFaew.xfuK33QxdO7MgPphzU97TBZqh_SGDmI7uXbz5nK1s72CjaoKVIt2jSGsa.AwGl2_aIpPTlJnA2kbnHBii2A3jY3V7.Fp5HFc8BjVaEkFB0TfmfhtGBTBL35ZSglsJTDIyI5wPsiUmRTijoUMvWjDbRRZWlenomnzEAScw8mZv7metrsXeq8fp4nh8RftI2KDuwVKKzo4p7Z50MBm58XCjvIrpVBU9_fWryAus7KCYkBzS8W3e58WppQk6VCLE_mE2DZ9NZ.l5Ry805YwU6t1UNl8R8yE2jBEDd5F8D_mnp5xyoaFQvFY2SOWerIkaVChY00HLLRu7.b2c530P.43MNJdY8etEWHy._shnHCnT5hyi4NJFgmw_Wl2lzCgVxP2j9Rd7G87Il.pDonhaEPKmDV0UKQys4PJ9XaI4J4G5UIut5Vbt1m99tB0mswtUwPMv2PlHT1dqw3eDCdaFw0ttpdpEOhsVjO23K_yMm7Wi2Fq9DwX0ZLG71itjtwGnqlEEIMt1LFRbpvJpEaolI8mLNHtUNbXKeNIcK4fZ8wSwt1Exqzz46sOsqhmRPypSsU2BCke77hMMB7tKsK59g3zD8rAuK225tGJ7QyRwOJ8IhBeyej2hApSfiGH89.yrs8q7B2lMkR9OfZo8yOSg7FRfKxxlK5aPaC2YwEeSERA1EbonoDEzJ_tFB9HVb76rCTbBH59dDkUPQV4ScLCCMt18BQEv7gH6DLSHjpnuLcl0.LM3uMoafxm8gRR.HdMJEduT8eKi3Rs30kSviz_7iWEzpt_nQ4NvQ7TeeiXYa27NDlQpbGMHus_a.FeA3Feq2Cpo98vm4Zgon.Ujm850u7Km4f0G8AWNcbzEU0a9xiqMF6VV1eV9LiJvQT6yfya60mzS.1RaYxh9F6OlHNiqaWHomDySD8pb9oRYZSeURcs59GM1heJQz5FRKUWd8jzjJTGNCwD2s0C.jVSz9aM_8RxTRT3podtHFnpiDwa1oh2EGFSl9TojmQDPfg.zryjAUCHJ0yLktYARdwAQwNmENjo4TIS4mvsRNWgBZlsnlLAZwgdiCWFWNNRjc0iWmj.IqNIIWOA7vt14JOLfAlULDX7coIUsvPnaGKIbDkFhrwkl4AvKwlochdNKMUfAnkrMvQv6UV3AbQ6L5C6Pj3gL_PtlH6d1bCp.8PQxPgQW1lizqHejhmgNZiDIagZimm_pbVsEBMrRoL2WeBaMl3LeSDMF6ZsReIktMKEjVMmbdir6IIkKQfpZA7pMFGlL71JWjwY4rN3iE2dY6HjHWqs_.4t4LIeVDerSpdlTaOJPnOS5pl6ywN_0Mbe01L2RrVb2jUmCHf52G3sBXxJ0DZf1pIPA4n0GqtmJPhopiEM3yTWzk1iFoBvqtVC4rxUzCBs8.BoFUf1wnoEUOccT0A03Q3EKuaGbzJOnOXXKeNT4s9XDjbzhWWMkIpNtDWeUgj6MfIhoed7PCWhrjrKe1PsJMK414zw27ScC9zvRbWw7Jo7jznmlvhhCKl7cq9t0O3BWnn1xlRzKLWwxFsi_DLIDawoE68wQKxxJ.krHnsZqnSfPDCpgZ_ODhsVYLIpJ1SAhytC.rfLPZngGkOQU_OqjQ3Hbq4xlcfrtNXF9fFzJYYK8.5vhiGt4v4XpSuPYnGWkT6gBK6zh6gl4fGdnh9uQK.WfK.U.lkRWhAisc3.1oXI76JsB002aMki7TwiCtC1sLQIHP6o5kqnP_mmwyRCdDh4HKjREQ1wl1exH0lwPYRoJUNBghe_ratmQgm.tsUR33xCwsVBAhV._gQmnv6SVYmOd5jKgDMrUqtcNqCSycFNQeRhFqDVBWridjDxYwpi2N4RtviZYJPx_eJM0dY0KF1eQRhuRb658Ah",mdrd: "smLCEldyQ5q6cj1LFzYHEbEgFCly4ZKYGJtC9L5MVAs-1739792656-1.2.1.1-RDzXterfyZWIxMLMvcDIEwnkgOoMrfA60cK5Ld_xWmwpFX_BIQDuv3Gkw1QZiLqSWPSvM_ldZqqDR2MNIa0Qf9DHh5k94yVhi.lPitQmRSrx1PqCYWtMrE8z0P8JC0qnb6JBjhwiUwUWw1rXgK7f5eooImqeZ4FOry7IS4yQ7fRJshB6mPWy0nPSMfqU2Wflo7fKeFaSvMePVtmt6wETlUjpT4MgsxIuJ84xrzU0GSWyt3.zVpQZ.iO8oiup5S8wTrUaPI8iEE6nT1VnzNvIdaWo8.i3JrctC_AU1bPr_bzKHZ9p3j1vFPgQkiuwCJpN8mKaGK.0Ffn91bTHJGiAUsdjqgmmBJqNDJjgaOe38bZwWCruGsao6OHAbDjh6nh5XSEfHjqJ81KpnAwuRGzwJGcj7TUbWqf0bHThHRApRXuW3IwC9_Vg2cp4R1NyVNX5rRhTGJC4uJnBX2SJwWfvJPH67jKQckrUogriupbCicV5mE_rhWrUnDDDUOzRwnPy4vAq31xAnKOsRE81nNBYwOjl0kwf3a462r_crAELd4XAJLYJrpfB1SO3UjqpDk4i7wFoPPWDwvrpUVXkGt3.kyQPKqW5G2TMkAZ_RwSF7aXJlPKIgVjOieLn.Uxh0vq_MGe1K1wl7qr22VH7lYZEwtJDem.R772He8AxCQrQ0e2bWDDAi3ehMjieVy2bV3xIcRh2ebWLC1ESU9sfccUrrky2_XNQox8z6StSA3bMqVGLl5DTTNYuFkL6dhQc5Mq545ExfbzyvuhrQRHwFH1hDL4A606tgvbaIyQLf3K44wE1fxRjZVVfJfUnL76BIbZwsdEu0G2j4arPkOdAYvKDP2ztnBxfxnUNNYJhzrtKlfKuDErbJb__im3bMQSY4OGbDiqf7OA3wiCiTndxi3CTOyrNN0SZqDuh_UTPAce2vCUdN2Kavb.mLUVJeyNdZoPixEsasialuqWXw9f06u4Yf4NBnykpxrbgKdIgQGfRnG0w23_PwdfO.2CJWLKzOTn.fLE.HKLDtz_rhVBM21PLHLYOyohZ5VAfiYyw7HzKkqeSLSUayrThqn5WoGCttzeZfFk1ibiM6V0o5Q7B0b.3pCMuo_cJoektC_a2gOV.G5JzlNF2.YJtAN_7koJImbKbsEygTW_GKEqTdOZv0Ko010WkX8RifxIEFqtHvKzHbX_P00exFC35NKgpJIHPT8fCuZf0qsYInC3LpWgd98VOetYSVaoiFRqTQhYTSZ0byGkZtheAHRYJQjwjXmgcyDEZzH2pWq89lLXzIpQB_dafozcuJfZYHdHb1n3qLPncMzBM0PHqvqDdpCb_AO.7Waw0eeoc1pWR3ncO2bW3R6jcXFPsg7Jk2Lwem1OXihiMcWpe5ZbfpuiQ7pIaME1ao1Yc3p9C2aQrGYAokdvvQQ7ekJxjNJtNluj84UKP3cw0jrYNVpEBZS0qVZTU179UX4ax1uUFpjV_NdgU6_74Xsl4P50aJTTb6uj1BugNPVee9CKiPj.4qwGOOpHBrcGWTouT8_AY0JArRo7R6Yd52uhWqVnyGh525Y8CxV1p_2mSrBseBRAgTjoCy8HZO3qHNbXdbk1gb_JqGLGOXM4LdorkygsyzYrmnrnZi.EzMMBPyd7mrZamvjEV1dlhWWw9_XJghIbYllzhdn5.gvtXrkRV368UquQAVYadaTcfZCFbbAj.GaG0vzLFl0fQEgGsV4OJF8OWjNkCLa6SUDFJfw54invjRsCyEHXTO3npLU6EY6l9QU.l36f09snjKIUVUGEBUJW9EvGCcbZOl2vl9dDb1Wmv6uUJx.V8WDpf5CiYmZgwUpoqt2gHOXjZrUaO0FyAIgtFYzn4AeUC7t6wJswzs91JdPNUp2w3CI.nY0_38.dB1M0hDFnhjEl5xUJ2ZzgKXK.ce7M9pGLg3Cf4cRJkb2iPe2Bjsf0GXTl9tnJ9eXLcyzIo0.wOGMBz2z2RlO8w4NrH_dihk8HvWdpCKnZG0Q"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91358645ec52fdf7';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Lahieb%20A.%20Abrahim&__cf_chl_rt_tk=4H4OR9lyx.xZOXKPHrgiL3Vz0YoLsGGUgIqz3Ljz7sM-1739792656-1.0.1.1-UBZeKmezMDtxBel1txf130mtcMpGmxah3vPSdpuPutc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>