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regressive</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: auto regressive"> <meta name="keywords" content="auto regressive"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="auto regressive"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 360</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: auto regressive</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">360</span> Determinants of Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Structural Vector Auto Regression Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ajmair">Muhammad Ajmair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This empirical study followed structural vector auto regression (SVAR) approach proposed by the so-called AB-model of Amisano and Giannini (1997) to check the impact of relevant macroeconomic determinants on economic growth in Pakistan. Before that auto regressive distributive lag (ARDL) bound testing technique and time varying parametric approach along with general to specific approach was employed to find out relevant significant determinants of economic growth. To our best knowledge, no author made such a study that employed auto regressive distributive lag (ARDL) bound testing and time varying parametric approach with general to specific approach in empirical literature, but current study will bridge this gap. Annual data was taken from World Development Indicators (2014) during period 1976-2014. The widely-used Schwarz information criterion and Akaike information criterion were considered for the lag length in each estimated equation. Main findings of the study are that remittances received, gross national expenditures and inflation are found to be the best relevant positive and significant determinants of economic growth. Based on these empirical findings, we conclude that government should focus on overall economic growth augmenting factors while formulating any policy relevant to the concerned sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gross%20national%20expenditures" title=" gross national expenditures"> gross national expenditures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title=" inflation"> inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remittances" title=" remittances"> remittances</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79706/determinants-of-economic-growth-in-pakistan-a-structural-vector-auto-regression-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">359</span> Study of ANFIS and ARIMA Model for Weather Forecasting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bandreddy%20Anand%20Babu">Bandreddy Anand Babu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srinivasa%20Rao%20Mandadi"> Srinivasa Rao Mandadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Pradeep%20Reddy"> C. Pradeep Reddy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ramesh%20Babu"> N. Ramesh Babu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper quickly illustrate the correlation investigation of Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving and Average (ARIMA) and daptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) models done by climate estimating. The climate determining is taken from University of Waterloo. The information is taken as Relative Humidity, Ambient Air Temperature, Barometric Pressure and Wind Direction utilized within this paper. The paper is carried out by analyzing the exhibitions are seen by demonstrating of ARIMA and ANIFIS model like with Sum of average of errors. Versatile Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) demonstrating is carried out by Mat lab programming and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving and Average (ARIMA) displaying is produced by utilizing XLSTAT programming. ANFIS is carried out in Fuzzy Logic Toolbox in Mat Lab programming. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARIMA" title="ARIMA">ARIMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANFIS" title=" ANFIS"> ANFIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20surmising%20tool%20stash" title=" fuzzy surmising tool stash"> fuzzy surmising tool stash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weather%20forecasting" title=" weather forecasting"> weather forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MATLAB" title=" MATLAB"> MATLAB</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13743/study-of-anfis-and-arima-model-for-weather-forecasting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">358</span> Applying Genetic Algorithm in Exchange Rate Models Determination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Rostamzadeh">Mehdi Rostamzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are an adaptive heuristic search algorithm premised on the evolutionary ideas of natural selection and genetic. In this study, we apply GAs for fundamental and technical models of exchange rate determination in exchange rate market. In this framework, we estimated absolute and relative purchasing power parity, Mundell-Fleming, sticky and flexible prices (monetary models), equilibrium exchange rate and portfolio balance model as fundamental models and Auto Regressive (AR), Moving Average (MA), Auto-Regressive with Moving Average (ARMA) and Mean Reversion (MR) as technical models for Iranian Rial against European Union’s Euro using monthly data from January 1992 to December 2014. Then, we put these models into the genetic algorithm system for measuring their optimal weight for each model. These optimal weights have been measured according to four criteria i.e. R-Squared (R2), mean square error (MSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE).Based on obtained Results, it seems that for explaining of Iranian Rial against EU Euro exchange rate behavior, fundamental models are better than technical models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20rate" title="exchange rate">exchange rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20models" title=" fundamental models"> fundamental models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20models" title=" technical models"> technical models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47210/applying-genetic-algorithm-in-exchange-rate-models-determination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">357</span> Revisiting the Impact of Oil Price on Trade Deficit of Pakistan: Evidence from Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag Model and Asymmetric Multipliers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qaiser%20Munir">Qaiser Munir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Hussain"> Hamid Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oil prices are believed to have a major impact on several economic indicators, leading to several instances where a comparison between oil prices and a trade deficit of oil-importing countries have been carried out. Building upon the narrative, this paper sheds light on the ongoing debate by inquiring upon the possibility of asymmetric linkages between oil prices, industrial production, exchange rate, whole price index, and trade deficit. The analytical tool used to further understand the complexities of a recent approach called nonlinear auto-regressive distributed lag model (NARDL) is utilised. Our results suggest that there are significant asymmetric effects among the main variables of interest. Further, our findings indicate that any variation in oil prices, industrial production, exchange rate, and whole price index on trade deficit tend to fluctuate in the long run. Moreover, the long-run picture denotes that increased oil price leads to a negative impact on the trade deficit, which, in its true essence, is a disproportionate impact. In addition to this, the Wald test simultaneously conducted concludes the absence of any significant evidence of the asymmetry in the oil prices impact on the trade balance in the short-run. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trade%20deficit" title="trade deficit">trade deficit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20prices" title=" oil prices"> oil prices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20economy" title=" developing economy"> developing economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NARDL" title=" NARDL"> NARDL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114070/revisiting-the-impact-of-oil-price-on-trade-deficit-of-pakistan-evidence-from-nonlinear-auto-regressive-distributed-lag-model-and-asymmetric-multipliers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">356</span> The Understanding-Without-Reflection in Psychoanalytic Supervision</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanoch%20Yerushalmi">Hanoch Yerushalmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the transformational therapeutic experiences is the therapeutic dyad's immersion in and recovery from shared regressive states that are often provoked by an awakened childhood fear of breakdown. the suggest that the supervisory dyad has parallel transformational experiences―the shared regressive states that follow continuous incomprehension of the unfolding therapeutic reality. Moreover, when the supervisory partners immerse themselves in a shared regressive state, a unique, inclusive, embodied, unsymbolized, and procedural understanding-without-reflection emerges spontaneously. Analytic writers describe such an understanding as unconscious knowledge, and existentialist writers describe it as prereflective consciousness. Before translating this unique understanding into a therapeutic narrative, the supervisor needs to recover from the regressive state and organize it according to discursive and logical analytic principles. From this perspective, the already existing experiential and analytic theoretical knowledge serves as a platform for creating new perceptions and analytic discourses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supervision" title="supervision">supervision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=existentialism" title=" existentialism"> existentialism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prereflective%20consciousness" title=" prereflective consciousness"> prereflective consciousness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regressive%20states" title=" regressive states"> regressive states</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147500/the-understanding-without-reflection-in-psychoanalytic-supervision" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">355</span> A Method of the Semantic on Image Auto-Annotation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Huo">Lin Huo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xianwei%20Liu"> Xianwei Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingxiong%20Zhou"> Jingxiong Zhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, due to the existence of semantic gap between image visual features and human concepts, the semantic of image auto-annotation has become an important topic. Firstly, by extract low-level visual features of the image, and the corresponding Hash method, mapping the feature into the corresponding Hash coding, eventually, transformed that into a group of binary string and store it, image auto-annotation by search is a popular method, we can use it to design and implement a method of image semantic auto-annotation. Finally, Through the test based on the Corel image set, and the results show that, this method is effective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20auto-annotation" title="image auto-annotation">image auto-annotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20correlograms" title=" color correlograms"> color correlograms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hash%20code" title=" Hash code"> Hash code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20retrieval" title=" image retrieval"> image retrieval</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15628/a-method-of-the-semantic-on-image-auto-annotation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">354</span> Design of an Energy Efficient Electric Auto Rickshaw</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asghar">Muhammad Asghar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aamer%20Iqbal%20Bhatti"> Aamer Iqbal Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qadeer%20Ahmed"> Qadeer Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahir%20Izhar"> Tahir Izhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three wheeler auto Rickshaw, often termed as ‘auto rickshaw’ is very common in Pakistan and is considered as the most affordable means of transportation to the local people. Problems caused by the gasoline engine on the environment and people, the researchers and the automotive industry have turned to the hybrid electric vehicles and electrical powered vehicle. The research in this paper explains the design of energy efficient Electric auto Rickshaw. An electric auto rickshaw is being developed at Center for Energy Research and Development, (Lahore), which is running on the roads of Lahore city. Energy storage capacity of batteries is at least 25 times heavier than fossil fuel and having volume 10 times in comparison to fuel, resulting an increase of the Rickshaw weight. A set of specifications is derived according to the mobility requirements of the electric auto rickshaw. The design choices considering the power-train and component selection are explained in detail. It was concluded that electric auto rickshaw has many advantages and benefits over the conventional auto rickshaw. It is cleaner and much more energy efficient but limited to the distance it can travel before recharging of battery. In addition, a brief future view of the battery technology is given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conventional%20auto%20rickshaw" title="conventional auto rickshaw">conventional auto rickshaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20auto%20rickshaw" title=" electric auto rickshaw"> electric auto rickshaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20combustion%20engine" title=" internal combustion engine"> internal combustion engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54016/design-of-an-energy-efficient-electric-auto-rickshaw" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">353</span> Application of Stochastic Models to Annual Extreme Streamflow Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Hamidi%20Machekposhti">Karim Hamidi Machekposhti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Sedghi"> Hossein Sedghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was designed to find the best stochastic model (using of time series analysis) for annual extreme streamflow (peak and maximum streamflow) of Karkheh River at Iran. The Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model used to simulate these series and forecast those in future. For the analysis, annual extreme streamflow data of Jelogir Majin station (above of Karkheh dam reservoir) for the years 1958–2005 were used. A visual inspection of the time plot gives a little increasing trend; therefore, series is not stationary. The stationarity observed in Auto-Correlation Function (ACF) and Partial Auto-Correlation Function (PACF) plots of annual extreme streamflow was removed using first order differencing (d=1) in order to the development of the ARIMA model. Interestingly, the ARIMA(4,1,1) model developed was found to be most suitable for simulating annual extreme streamflow for Karkheh River. The model was found to be appropriate to forecast ten years of annual extreme streamflow and assist decision makers to establish priorities for water demand. The Statistical Analysis System (SAS) and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) codes were used to determinate of the best model for this series. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20models" title="stochastic models">stochastic models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARIMA" title=" ARIMA"> ARIMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extreme%20streamflow" title=" extreme streamflow"> extreme streamflow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karkheh%20river" title=" Karkheh river"> Karkheh river</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97759/application-of-stochastic-models-to-annual-extreme-streamflow-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97759.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">352</span> Estimation of Service Quality and Its Impact on Market Share Using Business Analytics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haritha%20Saranga">Haritha Saranga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Service quality has become an important driver of competition in manufacturing industries of late, as many products are being sold in conjunction with service offerings. With increase in computational power and data capture capabilities, it has become possible to analyze and estimate various aspects of service quality at the granular level and determine their impact on business performance. In the current study context, dealer level, model-wise warranty data from one of the top two-wheeler manufacturers in India is used to estimate service quality of individual dealers and its impact on warranty related costs and sales performance. We collected primary data on warranty costs, number of complaints, monthly sales, type of quality upgrades, etc. from the two-wheeler automaker. In addition, we gathered secondary data on various regions in India, such as petrol and diesel prices, geographic and climatic conditions of various regions where the dealers are located, to control for customer usage patterns. We analyze this primary and secondary data with the help of a variety of analytics tools such as Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Seasonal ARIMA and ARIMAX. Study results, after controlling for a variety of factors, such as size, age, region of the dealership, and customer usage pattern, show that service quality does influence sales of the products in a significant manner. A more nuanced analysis reveals the dynamics between product quality and service quality, and how their interaction affects sales performance in the Indian two-wheeler industry context. We also provide various managerial insights using descriptive analytics and build a model that can provide sales projections using a variety of forecasting techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20quality" title="service quality">service quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20quality" title=" product quality"> product quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automobile%20industry" title=" automobile industry"> automobile industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20analytics" title=" business analytics"> business analytics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auto-regressive%20integrated%20moving%20average" title=" auto-regressive integrated moving average"> auto-regressive integrated moving average</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99732/estimation-of-service-quality-and-its-impact-on-market-share-using-business-analytics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99732.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">351</span> GPS Devices to Increase Efficiency of Indian Auto-Rickshaw Segment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanchay%20Vaidya">Sanchay Vaidya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sourabh%20Gupta"> Sourabh Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gouresh%20Singhal"> Gouresh Singhal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are various modes of transport in metro cities in India, auto-rickshaws being one of them. Auto-rickshaws provide connectivity to all the places in the city offering last mile connectivity. Among all the modes of transport, the auto-rickshaw industry is the most unorganized and inefficient. Although unions exist in different cities they aren’t good enough to cope up with the upcoming advancements in the field of technology. An introduction of simple technology in this field may do wonder and help increase the revenues. This paper aims to organize this segment under a single umbrella using GPS devices and mobile phones. The paper includes surveys of about 300 auto-rickshaw drivers and 1000 plus commuters across 6 metro cities in India. Carrying out research and analysis provides a base for the development of this model and implementation of this innovative technique, which is discussed in this paper in detail with ample emphasis given on the implementation of this model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auto-rickshaws" title="auto-rickshaws">auto-rickshaws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20model" title=" business model"> business model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS%20device" title=" GPS device"> GPS device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20application" title=" mobile application"> mobile application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6574/gps-devices-to-increase-efficiency-of-indian-auto-rickshaw-segment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">227</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">350</span> Model Predictive Controller for Pasteurization Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Alamirew%20Dessie">Tesfaye Alamirew Dessie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our study focuses on developing a Model Predictive Controller (MPC) and evaluating it against a traditional PID for a pasteurization process. Utilizing system identification from the experimental data, the dynamics of the pasteurization process were calculated. Using best fit with data validation, residual, and stability analysis, the quality of several model architectures was evaluated. The validation data fit the auto-regressive with exogenous input (ARX322) model of the pasteurization process by roughly 80.37 percent. The ARX322 model structure was used to create MPC and PID control techniques. After comparing controller performance based on settling time, overshoot percentage, and stability analysis, it was found that MPC controllers outperform PID for those parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPC" title="MPC">MPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PID" title=" PID"> PID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARX" title=" ARX"> ARX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pasteurization" title=" pasteurization"> pasteurization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154469/model-predictive-controller-for-pasteurization-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">349</span> Parking Space Detection and Trajectory Tracking Control for Vehicle Auto-Parking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiuh-Jer%20Huang">Shiuh-Jer Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Sheng%20Hsu"> Yu-Sheng Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> On-board available parking space detecting system, parking trajectory planning and tracking control mechanism are the key components of vehicle backward auto-parking system. Firstly, pair of ultrasonic sensors is installed on each side of vehicle body surface to detect the relative distance between ego-car and surrounding obstacle. The dimension of a found empty space can be calculated based on vehicle speed and the time history of ultrasonic sensor detecting information. This result can be used for constructing the 2D vehicle environmental map and available parking type judgment. Finally, the auto-parking controller executes the on-line optimal parking trajectory planning based on this 2D environmental map, and monitors the real-time vehicle parking trajectory tracking control. This low cost auto-parking system was tested on a model car. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20auto-parking" title="vehicle auto-parking">vehicle auto-parking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parking%20space%20detection" title=" parking space detection"> parking space detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parking%20path%20tracking%20control" title=" parking path tracking control"> parking path tracking control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20fuzzy%20controller" title=" intelligent fuzzy controller"> intelligent fuzzy controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78571/parking-space-detection-and-trajectory-tracking-control-for-vehicle-auto-parking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">348</span> Production of Sr-Ferrite Sub-Micron Powder by Conventional and Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion Methods </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ghobeiti-Hasab">M. Ghobeiti-Hasab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnetic powder of Sr-ferrite was prepared by conventional and sol-gel auto-combustion methods. In conventional method, strontium carbonate and ferric oxide powders were mixed together and then mixture was calcined. In sol-gel auto-combustion method, a solution containing strontium nitrate, ferric nitrate and citric acid was heated until the combustion took place automatically; then, as-burnt powder was calcined. Thermal behavior, phase identification, morphology and magnetic properties of powders obtained by these two methods were compared by DTA, XRD, SEM, and VSM techniques. According to the results of DTA analysis, formation temperature of Sr-ferrite obtained by conventional and sol-gel auto-combustion methods were 1300 °C and 1000 °C, respectively. XRD results confirmed the formation of pure Sr-ferrite at the mentioned temperatures. Plate and hexagonal-shape particles of Sr-ferrite were observed using SEM. The Sr-ferrite powder obtained by sol-gel auto-combustion method had saturation magnetization of 66.03 emu/g and coercivity of 5731 Oe in comparison with values of 58.20 emu/g and 4378 Oe obtained by conventional method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sr-ferrite" title="Sr-ferrite">Sr-ferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20properties" title=" magnetic properties"> magnetic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcination" title=" calcination"> calcination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19970/production-of-sr-ferrite-sub-micron-powder-by-conventional-and-sol-gel-auto-combustion-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19970.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">347</span> Application of Fractional Model Predictive Control to Thermal System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aymen%20Rhouma">Aymen Rhouma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Hcheichi"> Khaled Hcheichi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Hafsi"> Sami Hafsi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article presents an application of Fractional Model Predictive Control (FMPC) to a fractional order thermal system using Controlled Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (CARIMA) model obtained by discretization of a continuous fractional differential equation. Moreover, the output deviation approach is exploited to design the K -step ahead output predictor, and the corresponding control law is obtained by solving a quadratic cost function. Experiment results onto a thermal system are presented to emphasize the performances and the effectiveness of the proposed predictive controller<em>.</em> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20model%20predictive%20control" title="fractional model predictive control">fractional model predictive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20order%20systems" title=" fractional order systems"> fractional order systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20system" title=" thermal system"> thermal system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20control" title=" predictive control"> predictive control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66187/application-of-fractional-model-predictive-control-to-thermal-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">346</span> The Nexus between Renewable Energy, Urbanization, Industrialization and Economic Growth in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubda%20Zia">Zubda Zia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20Masood"> Zainab Masood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study has investigated the relationship between renewable energy, urbanization, industrialization, and economic growth in Pakistan, through the years 1990-2016. All the three explanatory variables play a pivotal role in their contribution to growth in any economy, especially a developing one such as Pakistan. Auto-regressive distributive lag (ARDL) model has been used to determine the co-integration and relationship between the variables. The empirical results indicate that there exists a positive and significant relationship between all the three variables and economic growth and that there is a stable, long-run relationship among them. Policy suggestions that incorporate the results include having a larger share of renewable energy in the energy sector, using urbanization as a means to remove the big city trend and move towards, smaller sustainable cities, etc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20crisis" title=" energy crisis"> energy crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrialization" title=" industrialization"> industrialization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SGDs" title=" SGDs"> SGDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101667/the-nexus-between-renewable-energy-urbanization-industrialization-and-economic-growth-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">345</span> Neural Network Based Path Loss Prediction for Global System for Mobile Communication in an Urban Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danladi%20Ali">Danladi Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we measured GSM signal strength in the Dnepropetrovsk city in order to predict path loss in study area using nonlinear autoregressive neural network prediction and we also, used neural network clustering to determine average GSM signal strength receive at the study area. The nonlinear auto-regressive neural network predicted that the GSM signal is attenuated with the mean square error (MSE) of 2.6748dB, this attenuation value is used to modify the COST 231 Hata and the Okumura-Hata models. The neural network clustering revealed that -75dB to -95dB is received more frequently. This means that the signal strength received at the study is mostly weak signal <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one-dimensional%20multilevel%20wavelets" title="one-dimensional multilevel wavelets">one-dimensional multilevel wavelets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=path%20loss" title=" path loss"> path loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GSM%20signal%20strength" title=" GSM signal strength"> GSM signal strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation" title=" propagation"> propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20environment%20and%20model" title=" urban environment and model"> urban environment and model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14119/neural-network-based-path-loss-prediction-for-global-system-for-mobile-communication-in-an-urban-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">344</span> Customers' Perception towards the Service Marketing Mix and Frequency of Use of Mercedes Benz Automobile Service, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pranee%20Tridhoskul">Pranee Tridhoskul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper is aimed to examine a relationship between the service marketing mix and customers’ frequency of use of service at Mercedes Benz Auto Repair Centres under Thonburi Group, Thailand. Based on 2,267 customers who used the service of Thonburi Group’s Auto Repair Centres as the population, the sampling of this research was a total of 340 samples, by use of Probability Sampling Technique. Systematic Random Sampling was applied by use of questionnaire in collecting the data at Thonburi Group’s Auto Repair Centres. Mean and Pearson’s basic statistical correlations were utilized in analyzing the data. The study discovered a medium level of customers’ perception towards product and service of Thonburi Group’s Auto Repair Centres, price, place or distribution channel and promotion. People who provided service were perceived also at a medium level, whereas the physical evidence and service process were perceived at a high level. Furthermore, there appeared a correlation between the physical evidence and service process, and customers’ frequency of use of automobile service per year. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20marketing%20mix" title="service marketing mix">service marketing mix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior" title=" behavior"> behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mercedes%20Auto%20Service%20Centre" title=" Mercedes Auto Service Centre"> Mercedes Auto Service Centre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20of%20use" title=" frequency of use"> frequency of use</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8130/customers-perception-towards-the-service-marketing-mix-and-frequency-of-use-of-mercedes-benz-automobile-service-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8130.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">343</span> A Nonlinear Approach for System Identification of a Li-Ion Battery Based on a Non-Linear Autoregressive Exogenous Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meriem%20Mossaddek">Meriem Mossaddek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Mehdi%20Laadissi"> El Mehdi Laadissi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Mehdi%20Loualid"> El Mehdi Loualid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chouaib%20Ennawaoui"> Chouaib Ennawaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohaib%20Bouzaid"> Sohaib Bouzaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelowahed%20Hajjaji"> Abdelowahed Hajjaji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An electrochemical system is a subset of mechatronic systems that includes a wide variety of batteries and nickel-cadmium, lead-acid batteries, and lithium-ion. Those structures have several non-linear behaviors and uncertainties in their running range. This paper studies an effective technique for modeling Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) batteries using a Nonlinear Auto-Regressive model with exogenous input (NARX). The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is trained to employ the data collected from the battery testing process. The proposed model is implemented on a Li-Ion battery cell. Simulation of this model in MATLAB shows good accuracy of the proposed model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium-ion%20battery" title="lithium-ion battery">lithium-ion battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title=" energy storage"> energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery%20model" title=" battery model"> battery model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20models" title=" nonlinear models"> nonlinear models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159992/a-nonlinear-approach-for-system-identification-of-a-li-ion-battery-based-on-a-non-linear-autoregressive-exogenous-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">342</span> Applying Arima Data Mining Techniques to ERP to Generate Sales Demand Forecasting: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghaleb%20Y.%20Abbasi">Ghaleb Y. Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Israa%20Abu%20Rumman"> Israa Abu Rumman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper modeled sales history archived from 2012 to 2015 bulked in monthly bins for five products for a medical supply company in Jordan. The sales forecasts and extracted consistent patterns in the sales demand history from the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system were used to predict future forecasting and generate sales demand forecasting using time series analysis statistical technique called Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). This was used to model and estimate realistic sales demand patterns and predict future forecasting to decide the best models for five products. Analysis revealed that the current replenishment system indicated inventory overstocking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARIMA%20models" title="ARIMA models">ARIMA models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sales%20demand%20forecasting" title=" sales demand forecasting"> sales demand forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%20code" title=" R code"> R code</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64117/applying-arima-data-mining-techniques-to-erp-to-generate-sales-demand-forecasting-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">341</span> Modelling Export Dynamics in the CSEE Countries Using GVAR Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Jak%C5%A1i%C4%87">S. Jakšić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20%C5%BDmuk"> B. Žmuk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper investigates the key factors of export dynamics for a set of Central and Southeast European (CSEE) countries in the context of current economic and financial crisis. In order to model the export dynamics a Global Vector Auto Regressive (GVAR) model is defined. As opposed to models which model each country separately, the GVAR combines all country models in a global model which enables obtaining important information on spill-over effects in the context of globalization and rising international linkages. The results of the study indicate that for most of the CSEE countries, exports are mainly driven by domestic shocks, both in the short run and in the long run. This study is the first application of the GVAR model to studying the export dynamics in the CSEE countries and therefore the results of the study present an important empirical contribution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=export" title="export">export</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GFEVD" title=" GFEVD"> GFEVD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20VAR" title=" global VAR"> global VAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20trade" title=" international trade"> international trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weak%20exogeneity" title=" weak exogeneity"> weak exogeneity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2522/modelling-export-dynamics-in-the-csee-countries-using-gvar-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">340</span> The Impact of Bitcoin on Stock Market Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oliver%20Takawira">Oliver Takawira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thembi%20Hope"> Thembi Hope</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study will analyse the relationship between Bitcoin price movements and the Johannesburg stock exchange (JSE). The aim is to determine whether Bitcoin price movements affect the stock market performance. As crypto currencies continue to gain prominence as a safe asset during periods of economic distress, this raises the question of whether Bitcoin’s prosperity could affect investment in the stock market. To identify the existence of a short run and long run linear relationship, the study will apply the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) bounds test and a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) after testing the data for unit roots and cointegration using the Augmented Dicker Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP). The Non-Linear Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) will then be used to check if there is a non-linear relationship between bitcoin prices and stock market prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitcoin" title="bitcoin">bitcoin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market" title=" stock market"> stock market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interest%20rates" title=" interest rates"> interest rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARDL" title=" ARDL"> ARDL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150006/the-impact-of-bitcoin-on-stock-market-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">339</span> Auto-Tuning of CNC Parameters According to the Machining Mode Selection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenq-Shyong%20Chen">Jenq-Shyong Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben-Fong%20Yu"> Ben-Fong Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CNC(computer numerical control) machining centers have been widely used for machining different metal components for various industries. For a specific CNC machine, its everyday job is assigned to cut different products with quite different attributes such as material type, workpiece weight, geometry, tooling, and cutting conditions. Theoretically, the dynamic characteristics of the CNC machine should be properly tuned match each machining job in order to get the optimal machining performance. However, most of the CNC machines are set with only a standard set of CNC parameters. In this study, we have developed an auto-tuning system which can automatically change the CNC parameters and in hence change the machine dynamic characteristics according to the selection of machining modes which are set by the mixed combination of three machine performance indexes: the HO (high surface quality) index, HP (high precision) index and HS (high speed) index. The acceleration, jerk, corner error tolerance, oscillation and dynamic bandwidth of machine’s feed axes have been changed according to the selection of the machine performance indexes. The proposed auto-tuning system of the CNC parameters has been implemented on a PC-based CNC controller and a three-axis machining center. The measured experimental result have shown the promising of our proposed auto-tuning system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auto-tuning" title="auto-tuning">auto-tuning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNC%20parameters" title=" CNC parameters"> CNC parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machining%20mode" title=" machining mode"> machining mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20speed" title=" high speed"> high speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20accuracy" title=" high accuracy"> high accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20surface%20quality" title=" high surface quality"> high surface quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26213/auto-tuning-of-cnc-parameters-according-to-the-machining-mode-selection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">338</span> Nonlinear Modeling of the PEMFC Based on NNARX Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shan-Jen%20Cheng">Shan-Jen Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Te-Jen%20Chang"> Te-Jen Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuang-Hsiung%20Tan">Kuang-Hsiung Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shou-Ling%20Kuo">Shou-Ling Kuo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is such a time-vary nonlinear dynamic system. The traditional linear modeling approach is hard to estimate structure correctly of PEMFC system. From this reason, this paper presents a nonlinear modeling of the PEMFC using Neural Network Auto-regressive model with eXogenous inputs (NNARX) approach. The multilayer perception (MLP) network is applied to evaluate the structure of the NNARX model of PEMFC. The validity and accuracy of NNARX model are tested by one step ahead relating output voltage to input current from measured experimental of PEMFC. The results show that the obtained nonlinear NNARX model can efficiently approximate the dynamic mode of the PEMFC and model output and system measured output consistently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEMFC" title="PEMFC">PEMFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20modeling" title=" nonlinear modeling"> nonlinear modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NNARX" title=" NNARX "> NNARX </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25225/nonlinear-modeling-of-the-pemfc-based-on-nnarx-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">337</span> Self-Tuning Robot Control Based on Subspace Identification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathias%20Marquardt">Mathias Marquardt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20D%C3%BCnow"> Peter Dünow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Ba%C3%9Fler"> Sandra Baßler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper describes the use of subspace based identification methods for auto tuning of a state space control system. The plant is an unstable but self balancing transport robot. Because of the unstable character of the process it has to be identified from closed loop input-output data. Based on the identified model a state space controller combined with an observer is calculated. The subspace identification algorithm and the controller design procedure is combined to a auto tuning method. The capability of the approach was verified in a simulation experiments under different process conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auto%20tuning" title="auto tuning">auto tuning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balanced%20robot" title=" balanced robot"> balanced robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closed%20loop%20identification" title=" closed loop identification"> closed loop identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subspace%20identification" title=" subspace identification"> subspace identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49108/self-tuning-robot-control-based-on-subspace-identification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">336</span> Usage of Military Spending, Debt Servicing and Growth for Dealing with Emergency Plan of Indian External Debt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahbi%20Farhani">Sahbi Farhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the relationship between external debt and military spending in case of India over the period of 1970–2012. In doing so, we have applied the structural break unit root tests to examine stationarity properties of the variables. The Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach is used to test whether cointegration exists in presence of structural breaks stemming in the series. Our results indicate the cointegration among external debt, military spending, debt servicing, and economic growth. Moreover, military spending and debt servicing add in external debt. Economic growth helps in lowering external debt. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) analysis and Granger causality test reveal that military spending and economic growth cause external debt. The feedback effect also exists between external debt and debt servicing in case of India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20debt" title="external debt">external debt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=military%20spending" title=" military spending"> military spending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARDL%20approach" title=" ARDL approach"> ARDL approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47057/usage-of-military-spending-debt-servicing-and-growth-for-dealing-with-emergency-plan-of-indian-external-debt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">335</span> Synthetic Daily Flow Duration Curves for the Çoruh River Basin, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Can">Ibrahim Can</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20Tosuno%C4%9Flu"> Fatih Tosunoğlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The flow duration curve (FDC) is an informative method that represents the flow regime’s properties for a river basin. Therefore, the FDC is widely used for water resource projects such as hydropower, water supply, irrigation and water quality management. The primary purpose of this study is to obtain synthetic daily flow duration curves for Çoruh Basin, Turkey. For this aim, we firstly developed univariate auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) models for daily flows of 9 stations located in Çoruh basin and then these models were used to generate 100 synthetic flow series each having same size as historical series. Secondly, flow duration curves of each synthetic series were drawn and the flow values exceeded 10, 50 and 95 % of the time and 95% confidence limit of these flows were calculated. As a result, flood, mean and low flows potential of Çoruh basin will comprehensively be represented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARMA%20models" title="ARMA models">ARMA models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%87oruh%20basin" title=" Çoruh basin"> Çoruh basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20duration%20curve" title=" flow duration curve"> flow duration curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31172/synthetic-daily-flow-duration-curves-for-the-coruh-river-basin-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31172.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">334</span> Magnetic Properties of Sr-Ferrite Nano-Powder Synthesized by Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion Method </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ghobeiti-Hasab">M. Ghobeiti-Hasab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Shariati"> Z. Shariati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, strontium ferrite (SrO.6Fe2O3) was synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion process. The thermal behavior of powder obtained from self-propagating combustion of initial gel was evaluated by simultaneous differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermo gravimetric (TG), from room temperature to 1200°C. The as-burnt powder was calcined at various temperatures from 700-900°C to achieve the single-phase Sr-ferrite. Phase composition, morphology and magnetic properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques. Results showed that the single-phase and nano-sized hexagonal strontium ferrite particles were formed at calcination temperature of 800°C with crystallite size of 27 nm and coercivity of 6238 Oe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard%20magnet" title="hard magnet">hard magnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sr-ferrite" title=" Sr-ferrite"> Sr-ferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel%20auto-combustion" title=" sol-gel auto-combustion"> sol-gel auto-combustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-powder" title=" nano-powder"> nano-powder</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13710/magnetic-properties-of-sr-ferrite-nano-powder-synthesized-by-sol-gel-auto-combustion-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">333</span> Spatial Time Series Models for Rice and Cassava Yields Based on Bayesian Linear Mixed Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panudet%20Saengseedam">Panudet Saengseedam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nanthachai%20Kantanantha"> Nanthachai Kantanantha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a linear mixed model (LMM) with spatial effects to forecast rice and cassava yields in Thailand at the same time. A multivariate conditional autoregressive (MCAR) model is assumed to present the spatial effects. A Bayesian method is used for parameter estimation via Gibbs sampling Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The model is applied to the rice and cassava yields monthly data which have been extracted from the Office of Agricultural Economics, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives of Thailand. The results show that the proposed model has better performance in most provinces in both fitting part and validation part compared to the simple exponential smoothing and conditional auto regressive models (CAR) from our previous study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayesian%20method" title="Bayesian method">Bayesian method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20mixed%20model" title=" linear mixed model"> linear mixed model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multivariate%20conditional%20autoregressive%20model" title=" multivariate conditional autoregressive model"> multivariate conditional autoregressive model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20time%20series" title=" spatial time series"> spatial time series</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11875/spatial-time-series-models-for-rice-and-cassava-yields-based-on-bayesian-linear-mixed-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">332</span> Forecasting Model to Predict Dengue Incidence in Malaysia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20H.%20Wan%20Zakiyatussariroh">W. H. Wan Zakiyatussariroh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Nasuhar"> A. A. Nasuhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Y.%20Wan%20Fairos"> W. Y. Wan Fairos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20A.%20Nazatul%20Shahreen"> Z. A. Nazatul Shahreen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forecasting dengue incidence in a population can provide useful information to facilitate the planning of the public health intervention. Many studies on dengue cases in Malaysia were conducted but are limited in modeling the outbreak and forecasting incidence. This article attempts to propose the most appropriate time series model to explain the behavior of dengue incidence in Malaysia for the purpose of forecasting future dengue outbreaks. Several seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) models were developed to model Malaysia’s number of dengue incidence on weekly data collected from January 2001 to December 2011. SARIMA (2,1,1)(1,1,1)52 model was found to be the most suitable model for Malaysia’s dengue incidence with the least value of Akaike information criteria (AIC) and Bayesian information criteria (BIC) for in-sample fitting. The models further evaluate out-sample forecast accuracy using four different accuracy measures. The results indicate that SARIMA (2,1,1)(1,1,1)52 performed well for both in-sample fitting and out-sample evaluation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series%20modeling" title="time series modeling">time series modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Box-Jenkins" title=" Box-Jenkins"> Box-Jenkins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARIMA" title=" SARIMA"> SARIMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting" title=" forecasting"> forecasting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1823/forecasting-model-to-predict-dengue-incidence-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1823.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">331</span> Middle Ordovician (Llanvirnian) Relative Sea-Level Fluctuations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Jia%20Teoh">Ying Jia Teoh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Canning Basin is located between the Kimberley and Pilbara Precambrian cratonic blocks. It is a large but relatively poorly explored Paleozoic basin in remote Western Australia. During the early Ordovician period, the Australian continent was located near the equator. Middle Ordovician age Nita and Goldwyer Formations in Canning Basin are therefore warm water carbonates. The Nita Formation carbonates are a regressive sequence which conformably overlies the Goldwyer Formation. It contains numerous progradational cycles of limestone, vuggy dolomitized carbonate beds and shale deposited in subtidal to supratidal environments. The Goldwyer Formation contains transgressive shale sequences and regressive carbonates deposited in shallow subtidal conditions. The shales contain oil-prone Gloeocapsormorpha prisca-bearing source rocks. Llanvirnian relative sea-level fluctuations were reconstructed by using Fischer plots methodology for three key wells (wells McLarty 1, Looma 1 and Robert 1) in Broome Platform and compared with INPEFA data. The Goldwyer lower shale (interval Or1000P) shows increasing relative sea-level and this matches with a transgressive systems tract. Goldwyer middle carbonate (interval Or2000) shows relative sea-level drop and this matches with a regressive systems tract. Goldwyer upper shale (interval Or2000P) shows relative sea-level drop and this matches with a transgressive systems tract. Nita Formation Leo Member (interval Or3000) shows a relative sea level drop and this matches with a regressive systems tract. The Nita Formation Cudalgarra Member (intervals Or3000P and Or4000) with transgressive systems tract then this is followed by a regressive systems tract. This pattern matches with the relative sea-level curves in wells McLarty 1 and Robert 1. The correlation is weak for parts of well Looma 1. This is probably influenced by the fact that the thickness of this section is quite small. As a conclusion, Fischer plots for the Llanvirnian Goldwyer and Nita Formations show good agreement with the third order global sea level cycles of Haq and others. Fischer plots are generally correlated well with trend and cyclicity determined by INPEFA curves and as a method of cross-checking INPEFA data and sea-level change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canning%20basin" title="canning basin">canning basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fischer%20plots" title=" Fischer plots"> Fischer plots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Llanvirnian" title=" Llanvirnian"> Llanvirnian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20Ordovician" title=" middle Ordovician"> middle Ordovician</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea-level%20fluctuations" title=" sea-level fluctuations"> sea-level fluctuations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stratigraphy" title=" stratigraphy"> stratigraphy</a> </p> <a 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