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<li id="toc-Rockefeller_family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rockefeller_family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Rockefeller family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rockefeller_family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Institutional_changes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institutional_changes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Institutional changes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Institutional_changes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Archives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization_and_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization_and_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organization and administration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization_and_administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization and administration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization_and_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Academics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Academics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Graduate_degree_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Graduate_degree_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Graduate degree programs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graduate_degree_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Contemporary research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus_and_student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus_and_student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Campus and student life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campus_and_student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Promotion_of_women_in_science_and_outreach_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Promotion_of_women_in_science_and_outreach_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Promotion of women in science and outreach activities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Promotion_of_women_in_science_and_outreach_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nobel_laureates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nobel_laureates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Nobel laureates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nobel_laureates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Alumni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Individual_affiliates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual_affiliates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Individual affiliates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual_affiliates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockefeller University</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B1" title="جامعة روكفلر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة روكفلر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rokfeller_Universiteti" title="Rokfeller Universiteti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rokfeller Universiteti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B1_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="راکفلر بیلیم‌یوردو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="راکفلر بیلیم‌یوردو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univ%C3%A9rsitas_Rockefeller" title="Univérsitas Rockefeller – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Univérsitas Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Ракфелераўскі ўніверсітэт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ракфелераўскі ўніверсітэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Рокфелеров университет – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рокфелеров университет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitat_Rockefeller" title="Universitat Rockefeller – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Universitat Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefellerova_univerzita" title="Rockefellerova univerzita – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rockefellerova univerzita" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rockefeller University" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rockefeller University" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefelleri_%C3%9Clikool" title="Rockefelleri Ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rockefelleri Ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Rockefeller" title="Universidad Rockefeller – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Universidad Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitato_Rockefeller" title="Universitato Rockefeller – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Universitato Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B1" title="دانشگاه راکفلر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه راکفلر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Rockefeller" title="Université Rockefeller – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9D%ED%8E%A0%EB%9F%AC_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="록펠러 대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="록펠러 대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%84%D6%86%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AC%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%BD%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Ռոքֆելլերի համալսարան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոքֆելլերի համալսարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_Rockefeller" title="Sveučilište Rockefeller – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sveučilište Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Rockefeller" title="Universitas Rockefeller – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Universitas Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller-h%C3%A1sk%C3%B3li" title="Rockefeller-háskóli – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rockefeller-háskóli" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Rockefeller" title="Università Rockefeller – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Università Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%A8" title="אוניברסיטת רוקפלר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוניברסיטת רוקפלר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_Universit%C3%A9it" title="Rockefeller Universitéit – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Rockefeller Universitéit" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_Egyetem" title="Rockefeller Egyetem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rockefeller Egyetem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2" title="റോക്ക്ഫെല്ലർ സർവകലാശാല – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റോക്ക്ഫെല്ലർ സർവകലാശാല" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="როკფელერიშ უნივერსიტეტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="როკფელერიშ უნივერსიტეტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B1" title="جامعة روكفلر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة روكفلر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller-universiteit" title="Rockefeller-universiteit – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rockefeller-universiteit" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="ロックフェラー大学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロックフェラー大学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rockefeller University" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="روکفیلر یونیورسٹی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="روکفیلر یونیورسٹی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Rockefeller University" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniwersytet_Rockefellera" title="Uniwersytet Rockefellera – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Uniwersytet Rockefellera" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_Rockefeller" title="Universidade Rockefeller – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Universidade Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Рокфеллеровский университет – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рокфеллеровский университет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rockefeller University" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rockefeller University" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerza_Rockefeller" title="Univerza Rockefeller – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Univerza Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Универзитет Рокфелер – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Универзитет Рокфелер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller-yliopisto" title="Rockefeller-yliopisto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rockefeller-yliopisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rockefeller University" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamantasang_Rockefeller" title="Pamantasang Rockefeller – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pamantasang Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Rockefeller Üniversitesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rockefeller Üniversitesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Рокфеллерський університет – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рокфеллерський університет" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_h%E1%BB%8Dc_Rockefeller" title="Đại học Rockefeller – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đại học Rockefeller" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2%E5%8B%92%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="洛克菲勒大學 – Chinese" lang="zh" 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.longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Rockefeller_University&params=40_45_45_N_73_57_20_W_region:US-NY_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°45′45″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°57′20″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.76250°N 73.95556°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.76250; -73.95556</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Biomedical research university in New York City, US</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">The Rockefeller University</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rockefeller_University_seal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/47/Rockefeller_University_seal.svg/200px-Rockefeller_University_seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/47/Rockefeller_University_seal.svg/300px-Rockefeller_University_seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/47/Rockefeller_University_seal.svg/400px-Rockefeller_University_seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="207" data-file-height="212" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former names</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (1901–1958)<br />The Rockefeller Institute (1958–1965)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Scientia pro bono humani generis</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Science for the benefit of humanity</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">Private</a> <a href="/wiki/Graduate_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Graduate school">graduate-only university</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1901<span class="noprint">; 124 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1901</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_D._Rockefeller" title="John D. Rockefeller">John D. Rockefeller</a><sup id="cite_ref-Chernov_Titan_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chernov_Titan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_accreditation" title="Higher education accreditation">Accreditation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_England_Commission_of_Higher_Education" title="New England Commission of Higher Education">NECHE</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Universities_Research_Association" title="Universities Research Association">URA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$2.32 billion (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-endowment_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-endowment-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Richard_P._Lifton" title="Richard P. Lifton">Richard P. Lifton</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">79<sup id="cite_ref-The_Rockefeller_University_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Rockefeller_University-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">232<sup id="cite_ref-The_Rockefeller_University_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Rockefeller_University-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side" title="Upper East Side">Upper East Side</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="state"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">United States</div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Rockefeller_University&params=40_45_45_N_73_57_20_W_region:US-NY_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°45′45″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°57′20″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.76250°N 73.95556°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.76250; -73.95556</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a>, 16 acres<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rockefeller.edu">rockefeller<wbr />.edu</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270272#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Rockefeller_University,_York_Avenue_NYC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/The_Rockefeller_University%2C_York_Avenue_NYC.jpg/220px-The_Rockefeller_University%2C_York_Avenue_NYC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/The_Rockefeller_University%2C_York_Avenue_NYC.jpg/330px-The_Rockefeller_University%2C_York_Avenue_NYC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/The_Rockefeller_University%2C_York_Avenue_NYC.jpg/440px-The_Rockefeller_University%2C_York_Avenue_NYC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3400" data-file-height="2267" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/York_Avenue_and_Sutton_Place" title="York Avenue and Sutton Place">York Avenue</a> gates</figcaption></figure> <p><b>The Rockefeller University</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">private</a> <a href="/wiki/Medical_research" title="Medical research">biomedical</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research</a> and graduate-only university in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>. It focuses primarily on the biological and medical sciences and provides doctoral and <a href="/wiki/Postdoctoral" class="mw-redirect" title="Postdoctoral">postdoctoral</a> education. It is <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Classification_of_Institutions_of_Higher_Education" title="Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education">classified</a> as a "Special Focus – Research Institution".<sup id="cite_ref-Carnegie_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnegie-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rockefeller is the oldest biomedical research institute in the United States. </p><p>The university is located on the <a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side" title="Upper East Side">Upper East Side</a> of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, between 63rd and 68th streets on <a href="/wiki/York_Avenue_/_Sutton_Place" class="mw-redirect" title="York Avenue / Sutton Place">York Avenue</a>. <a href="/wiki/Richard_P._Lifton" title="Richard P. Lifton">Richard P. Lifton</a> became the university's eleventh president on September 1, 2016. The <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_University_Press" title="Rockefeller University Press">Rockefeller University Press</a> publishes the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Experimental_Medicine" title="Journal of Experimental Medicine">Journal of Experimental Medicine</a></i>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Cell_Biology" title="Journal of Cell Biology">Journal of Cell Biology</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_of_General_Physiology" title="The Journal of General Physiology">The Journal of General Physiology</a></i>. </p><p>In 2018, the faculty included 82 tenured and tenure-track members, including 37 members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a>, 17 members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Medicine" title="National Academy of Medicine">National Academy of Medicine</a>, seven <a href="/wiki/Lasker_Award" title="Lasker Award">Lasker Award</a> recipients, and five <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel laureates</a>. As of March 2022, a total of 26 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Rockefeller University.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Founder%27s_Hall_-_Rockefeller_University_(51923307414).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Founder%27s_Hall_-_Rockefeller_University_%2851923307414%29.jpg/220px-Founder%27s_Hall_-_Rockefeller_University_%2851923307414%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Founder%27s_Hall_-_Rockefeller_University_%2851923307414%29.jpg/330px-Founder%27s_Hall_-_Rockefeller_University_%2851923307414%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Founder%27s_Hall_-_Rockefeller_University_%2851923307414%29.jpg/440px-Founder%27s_Hall_-_Rockefeller_University_%2851923307414%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4424" data-file-height="3318" /></a><figcaption>Founder's Hall (2022)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FDR_Drive_under_Rockefeller_Univ_5BBT_2013_jeh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/FDR_Drive_under_Rockefeller_Univ_5BBT_2013_jeh.jpg/220px-FDR_Drive_under_Rockefeller_Univ_5BBT_2013_jeh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/FDR_Drive_under_Rockefeller_Univ_5BBT_2013_jeh.jpg/330px-FDR_Drive_under_Rockefeller_Univ_5BBT_2013_jeh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/FDR_Drive_under_Rockefeller_Univ_5BBT_2013_jeh.jpg/440px-FDR_Drive_under_Rockefeller_Univ_5BBT_2013_jeh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3372" data-file-height="2756" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/FDR_Drive" title="FDR Drive">FDR Drive</a> runs under the campus.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Rockefeller University was founded in June 1901 as <b>The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research</b>—often called simply <b>The Rockefeller Institute<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b>—by <a href="/wiki/John_D._Rockefeller" title="John D. Rockefeller">John D. Rockefeller</a>, who had founded the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> in 1889, upon advice by his adviser <a href="/wiki/Frederick_T._Gates" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick T. Gates">Frederick T. Gates</a><sup id="cite_ref-Chernov_Titan_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chernov_Titan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and action taken in March 1901 by his son, <a href="/wiki/John_D._Rockefeller,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John D. Rockefeller, Jr.">John D. Rockefeller Jr</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Swingle_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swingle-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greatly elevating the prestige of American science and medicine, it was America's first biomedical institute, like France's <a href="/wiki/Pasteur_Institute" title="Pasteur Institute">Pasteur Institute</a> (1888) and Germany's <a href="/wiki/Robert_Koch_Institute" title="Robert Koch Institute">Robert Koch Institute</a> (1891).<sup id="cite_ref-Chernov_Titan_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chernov_Titan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/The_Rockefeller_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rockefeller Foundation">The Rockefeller Foundation</a>, a philanthropic organization, founded in 1913, is a separate entity, but had close connections mediated by prominent figures holding dual positions.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first director of laboratories was <a href="/wiki/Simon_Flexner" title="Simon Flexner">Simon Flexner</a>, who supervised the development of research capacity at the institute, whose staff made major discoveries in basic research and medicine. While a student at <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a>, Flexner had studied under the institute's first scientific director, <a href="/wiki/William_H._Welch" title="William H. Welch">William H. Welch</a>, first dean of Hopkins' medical school and known as the dean of American medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-Swingle_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swingle-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Flexner retired in 1935 and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Gasser" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert Gasser">Herbert Gasser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was succeeded in 1953 by <a href="/wiki/Detlev_Bronk" title="Detlev Bronk">Detlev Bronk</a>, who broadened The Rockefeller Institute into a university that began awarding the PhD degree in 1954.<sup id="cite_ref-Swingle_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swingle-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1965 The Rockefeller Institute's name was changed to The Rockefeller University.<sup id="cite_ref-Swingle_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swingle-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For its first six decades, the institute focused on <a href="/wiki/Basic_research" title="Basic research">basic research</a> to develop <a href="/wiki/Basic_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Basic science">basic science</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Applied_research" class="mw-redirect" title="Applied research">applied research</a> as <a href="/wiki/Biomedical_engineering" title="Biomedical engineering">biomedical engineering</a>, and, since 1910—when The Rockefeller Hospital opened on its campus as America's first facility for <a href="/wiki/Clinical_research" title="Clinical research">clinical research</a>—on <a href="/wiki/Clinical_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinical science">clinical science</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Rockefeller Hospital's first director <a href="/wiki/Rufus_Cole" title="Rufus Cole">Rufus Cole</a> retired in 1937 and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Milton_Rivers" title="Thomas Milton Rivers">Thomas Milton Rivers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As director of The Rockefeller Institute's virology laboratory, he established <a href="/wiki/Virology" title="Virology">virology</a> as an independent field apart from <a href="/wiki/Bacteriology" title="Bacteriology">bacteriology</a>. </p><p>In the 1940s, it hosted a "scientific team that overturned medical dogma" and "became the first to demonstrate that <a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">genes</a> were made of <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-RCcares_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RCcares-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rockefeller_family">Rockefeller family</h3></div> <p>Rockefeller Sr visited the university just once, at the urging of Rockefeller Jr, who was enthusiastic about the institute.<sup id="cite_ref-Chernov_Titan_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chernov_Titan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 475">: 475 </span></sup> Rockefeller Jr and his youngest son David visited more often.<sup id="cite_ref-Arenson_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arenson-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Rockefeller" title="David Rockefeller">David Rockefeller</a> joined the board of trustees in 1940, was its chairman from 1950 to 1975, chaired the board's executive committee from 1975 to 1995, became honorary chairman and life trustee,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and remained active as a philanthropist until his death.<sup id="cite_ref-Arenson_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arenson-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Institutional_changes">Institutional changes</h3></div> <p>Rockefeller Institute Hospital was renamed Rockefeller University Hospital. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archives">Archives</h3></div> <p>The archives of Rockefeller University are at the <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Archive_Center" title="Rockefeller Archive Center">Rockefeller Archive Center</a>, established in 1974 as part of the university and organized as an independent foundation since 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization_and_administration">Organization and administration</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3></div> <ul><li>More than 71 heads of laboratories</li> <li>200 research and clinical scientists</li> <li>210 postdoctoral investigators</li> <li>1,050 clinicians, technicians, administrative and support staff</li></ul> <p>To foster an interdisciplinary atmosphere among its laboratories, faculty members are grouped into one or more of ten interconnecting research areas:<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 19em;"> <ul><li>biochemistry, biophysics, chemical biology, and structural biology</li> <li>cancer biology</li> <li>cell biology</li> <li>genetics and genomics</li> <li>immunology, virology, and microbiology</li> <li>mechanisms of human disease</li> <li>neurosciences and behavior</li> <li>organismal biology and evolution</li> <li>physical, mathematical, and computational biology</li> <li>stem cells, development, regeneration, and aging</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academics">Academics</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings_in_the_United_States" title="College and university rankings in the United States">Academic rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;">Global</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities"><i>ARWU</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_ARWU_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_ARWU-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">43</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Global_Universities_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking"><i>U.S. News & World Report</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_USNWR_W_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_USNWR_W-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">62</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Graduate_degree_programs">Graduate degree programs</h3></div> <p>Rockefeller University admitted its first graduate students in 1955.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, about 255 graduate students are enrolled in the program, which offers doctoral degrees in the biomedical sciences, chemistry, and biophysics.<sup id="cite_ref-PetersonsOverview_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PetersonsOverview-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The university's organization on the basis of laboratories rather than a hierarchical departmental structure<sup id="cite_ref-BriefHistory85_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BriefHistory85-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> extends to the graduate program, where laboratory research is the primary focus and students can meet degree requirements by participating in any combination of courses.<sup id="cite_ref-PetersonsOverview_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PetersonsOverview-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In partnership with neighboring <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Sloan_Kettering_Cancer_Center" title="Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center">Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weill_Cornell_Medicine" title="Weill Cornell Medicine">Weill Cornell Medicine</a>, Rockefeller participates in the <a href="/wiki/Tri-Institutional_MD%E2%80%93PhD_Program" title="Tri-Institutional MD–PhD Program">Tri-Institutional MD–PhD Program</a> as well as a Tri-Institutional chemical biology Ph.D. program.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_research">Contemporary research</h3></div> <p>Rockefeller ranks highly in the <a href="/wiki/CWTS_Leiden_Ranking" title="CWTS Leiden Ranking">CWTS Leiden Ranking</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an international ranking of research impact. </p><p>Rockefeller faculty have made contributions to breakthroughs in biomedical sciences. <a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Young" title="Michael W. Young">Michael W. Young</a> was one of several scientists who located genes that regulate the <a href="/wiki/Circadian_rhythm" title="Circadian rhythm">sleep–wake</a> cycle in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_M._Friedman" title="Jeffrey M. Friedman">Jeffrey M. Friedman</a>’s laboratory discovered <a href="/wiki/Leptin" title="Leptin">leptin</a>, a gene that influences appetite and weight.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Charles_David_Allis" title="Charles David Allis">Charles David Allis</a> helped identify the first enzyme that modifies <a href="/wiki/Histone" title="Histone">histones</a> in 1996, providing early evidence that the DNA packaging material plays a crucial role in <a href="/wiki/Gene_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gene regulation">gene regulation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1998, <a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">Roderick MacKinnon</a>’s laboratory elucidated the structure and mechanism of a <a href="/wiki/Potassium_channel" title="Potassium channel">potassium channel</a>, explaining how electrical signals are conveyed across cell membranes.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Titia_de_Lange" title="Titia de Lange">Titia de Lange</a> was part of a team that found how <a href="/wiki/Telomere" title="Telomere">telomeres</a> protect chromosome ends, shedding light on the role of <a href="/wiki/Genome_instability" title="Genome instability">genome instability</a> in cancer in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Darnell" title="Robert B. Darnell">Robert B. Darnell</a> led research that defined the molecular basis of <a href="/wiki/Fragile_X_syndrome" title="Fragile X syndrome">fragile X syndrome</a>, the second leading cause of <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_disability" title="Intellectual disability">intellectual disability</a>, in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vincent A. Fischetti was part of a group that developed a powerful agent that can target and wipe out <a href="/wiki/Anthrax" title="Anthrax">anthrax</a> bacteria in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Rice" title="Charles M. Rice">Charles M. Rice</a> helped produce an infectious form of the <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis_C_virus" title="Hepatitis C virus">hepatitis C virus</a> in laboratory cultures of human cells in 2005, leading directly to three new classes of hepatitis C drugs.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Fuchs" title="Elaine Fuchs">Elaine Fuchs</a> helped define the stem cells that can initiate <a href="/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Squamous cell carcinoma">squamous cell carcinoma</a> in 2011, and also characterized the <a href="/wiki/Cell_signaling" title="Cell signaling">signaling pathways</a> that drive <a href="/wiki/Malignancy" title="Malignancy">malignancy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, <a href="/wiki/Leslie_B._Vosshall" title="Leslie B. Vosshall">Leslie B. Vosshall</a>’s laboratory identified a gene in mosquitoes that is responsible for their attraction to humans and their sensitivity to the insect repellent <a href="/wiki/DEET" title="DEET">DEET</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ali Brivanlou's laboratory developed a method to grow <a href="/wiki/Embryo" title="Embryo">embryos</a> outside the uterus for up to 13 days in 2016, allowing scientists to study the earliest events of human development.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, many Rockefeller scientists shifted the focus of their research in response to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Michel_C._Nussenzweig" title="Michel C. Nussenzweig">Michel C. Nussenzweig</a> pioneered a method to isolate and clone <a href="/wiki/Antibodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibodies">antibodies</a> from people who successfully recovered from COVID-19 to design a treatment that prevents people from developing severe disease.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jean-Laurent Casanova identified genetic mutations that are responsible for a subset of unexpectedly severe cases of COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus_and_student_life">Campus and student life</h2></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Founder%27s_Hall_(Rockefeller_University)" title="Founder's Hall (Rockefeller University)">Founder's Hall</a> was the first building on Rockefeller's campus, built between 1903 and 1906.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It housed the nation's first major biomedical research laboratory and was declared a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Caspary Auditorium, a 40-foot-high, 90-foot round geodesic dome, was built in 1957 and hosts a variety of concert series and lectures.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The completion of the Stavros Niarchos Foundation–David Rockefeller River Campus in 2019, built along the <a href="/wiki/East_River" title="East River">East River</a> over <a href="/wiki/FDR_Drive" title="FDR Drive">FDR Drive</a>, added two acres to Rockefeller's footprint.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rockefeller's campus houses a childcare center for researchers and other university employees.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Graduate students are offered subsidized housing on campus and receive an annual stipend.<sup id="cite_ref-PetersonsOverview_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PetersonsOverview-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Student groups include People at Rockefeller Identifying as Sexual/Gender Minorities (PRISM), Women in Science at Rockefeller (WISeR), and the Science and Education Policy Association (SEPA).<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The student-run publication <i>Natural Selections</i> is produced monthly.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Promotion_of_women_in_science_and_outreach_activities">Promotion of women in science and outreach activities</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_war_demonstration_hospital_-_its_plan_and_construction_(1917)_(14780419492).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/The_war_demonstration_hospital_-_its_plan_and_construction_%281917%29_%2814780419492%29.jpg/220px-The_war_demonstration_hospital_-_its_plan_and_construction_%281917%29_%2814780419492%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/The_war_demonstration_hospital_-_its_plan_and_construction_%281917%29_%2814780419492%29.jpg/330px-The_war_demonstration_hospital_-_its_plan_and_construction_%281917%29_%2814780419492%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/The_war_demonstration_hospital_-_its_plan_and_construction_%281917%29_%2814780419492%29.jpg/440px-The_war_demonstration_hospital_-_its_plan_and_construction_%281917%29_%2814780419492%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3232" data-file-height="2323" /></a><figcaption>War Demonstration Hospital, 1917</figcaption></figure> <p>The Rockefeller University established a Women in Science initiative in 1998 to address the underrepresentation of women in the field.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is founded mainly by female philanthropists.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The program includes scholarships and an entrepreneurship found to help increase the low number of female researchers that commercialize their discoveries.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004 Rockefeller's professor <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Paul Greengard</a> donated the full amount of his Nobel Prize to establish the <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Meister_Greengard_Prize" title="Pearl Meister Greengard Prize">Pearl Meister Greengard Prize</a> given annually to a woman scientist in the field of biology. </p><p>Rockefeller also host diverse initiatives to promote science and culture: Parents & Science Initiative,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The RockEDU Science Outreach for K-12 students and teachers<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that includes lab experience and professional development and The <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Thomas_Prize" title="Lewis Thomas Prize">Lewis Thomas Prize</a> for writing about science is given annually. </p><p>In addition, Rockefeller hosts the Peggy Rockefeller Concerts<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a> and <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Sloan_Kettering_Cancer_Center" title="Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center">Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center</a> it hosts the Tri-Institutional Noon concert Series. </p><p>In 2012, Rockefeller began participating in <a href="/wiki/Open_House_New_York" title="Open House New York">Open House New York</a>'s OHNY Weekend.<sup id="cite_ref-b_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nobel_laureates">Nobel laureates</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_university_affiliation" title="List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation">List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Nobel Laureate</th> <th>Prize</th> <th>Rockefeller Affiliation </th></tr> <tr> <td>2020 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Rice" title="Charles M. Rice">Charles M. Rice</a> </td> <td>Physiology or Medicine </td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emmanuelle_Charpentier" title="Emmanuelle Charpentier">Emmanuelle Charpentier</a> </td> <td>Chemistry </td> <td>Postdoctoral fellow before prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Young" title="Michael W. Young">Michael W. Young</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yoshinori_Ohsumi" title="Yoshinori Ohsumi">Yoshinori Ohsumi</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Postdoctoral fellow before prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Steinman" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph Steinman">Ralph Steinman</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Beutler" title="Bruce Beutler">Bruce Beutler</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Postdoctoral fellow before prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">Roderick MacKinnon</a></td> <td>Chemistry</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Paul Nurse</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>President and faculty after prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Paul Greengard</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Günter Blobel</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bruce_Merrifield" title="Robert Bruce Merrifield">R. Bruce Merrifield</a></td> <td>Chemistry</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Torsten Wiesel</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>President and faculty after prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975</td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">David Baltimore</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Alumnus; President after prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Albert Claude</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Faculty before prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">Christian de Duve</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974</td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_E._Palade" class="mw-redirect" title="George E. Palade">George E. Palade</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Faculty before prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Moore" title="Stanford Moore">Stanford Moore</a></td> <td>Chemistry</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972</td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_H._Stein" class="mw-redirect" title="William H. Stein">William H. Stein</a></td> <td>Chemistry</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_M._Edelman" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald M. Edelman">Gerald M. Edelman</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Alumnus; Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1967</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline">H. Keffer Hartline</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1966</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peyton_Rous" class="mw-redirect" title="Peyton Rous">Peyton Rous</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Emeritus faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1958</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Joshua Lederberg</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>President and then faculty after prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1958</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_L._Tatum" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward L. Tatum">Edward L. Tatum</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Faculty when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1953</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Lipmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Fritz Lipmann">Fritz Lipmann</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Rockefeller fellow before and faculty after prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1946</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_H._Northrop" class="mw-redirect" title="John H. Northrop">John H. Northrop</a></td> <td>Chemistry</td> <td>Member when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1946</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wendell_M._Stanley" class="mw-redirect" title="Wendell M. Stanley">Wendell M. Stanley</a></td> <td>Chemistry</td> <td>Member when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1944</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Herbert_S._Gasser" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert S. Gasser">Herbert S. Gasser</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Director when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1930</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Landsteiner" title="Karl Landsteiner">Karl Landsteiner</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Member when prize awarded </td></tr> <tr> <td>1912</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Carrel" title="Alexis Carrel">Alexis Carrel</a></td> <td>Physiology or Medicine</td> <td>Member when prize awarded </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Award affiliations taken from <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rockefeller.edu/about/awards/nobel#sidebar">"The Rockefeller University » Nobel Laureates"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 17,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Rockefeller+University+%C2%BB+Nobel+Laureates&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockefeller.edu%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fnobel%23sidebar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARockefeller+University" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alumni">Alumni</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rockefeller_University_(48064098757).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Rockefeller_University_%2848064098757%29.jpg/220px-Rockefeller_University_%2848064098757%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Rockefeller_University_%2848064098757%29.jpg/330px-Rockefeller_University_%2848064098757%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Rockefeller_University_%2848064098757%29.jpg/440px-Rockefeller_University_%2848064098757%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5524" data-file-height="2983" /></a><figcaption>Rockefeller University as seen from <a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island" title="Roosevelt Island">Roosevelt Island</a> (2019)</figcaption></figure> <p>There are more than 1,262 alumni.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Albert" title="David Albert">David Albert</a>, physicist and philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">David Baltimore</a>, recipient of Nobel Prize in Physiology & Medicine in 1975 for the discovery of reverse transcriptase. Has served as president of both the Rockefeller University and the <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bratman" title="Michael Bratman">Michael Bratman</a>, Durfee Professor of philosophy at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Edelman" title="Gerald Edelman">Gerald Edelman</a>, recipient of the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Ehrenreich" title="Barbara Ehrenreich">Barbara Ehrenreich</a>, social commentator and author of the 2001 book <i>Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By In America</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_F._Healy" title="Alice F. Healy">Alice F. Healy</a>, psychologist, College Professor of Distinction at the University of Colorado Boulder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_S._Herbst" title="Roy S. Herbst">Roy S. Herbst</a>, oncologist, lung cancer researcher, and academic, <a href="/wiki/Yale_Cancer_Center" title="Yale Cancer Center">Yale Cancer Center</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yale_School_of_Medicine" title="Yale School of Medicine">Yale School of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertil_Hille" title="Bertil Hille">Bertil Hille</a>, Professor of Physiology and Biophysics at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lasker_Award" title="Lasker Award">Lasker Award</a> winner who specializes in cell signaling by ion channels, neurotransmitters and hormones.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mand%C3%AB_Holford" title="Mandë Holford">Mandë Holford</a>, Professor in Chemistry at <a href="/wiki/Hunter_College" title="Hunter College">Hunter College</a> with appointments at the <a href="/wiki/American_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="American Museum of Natural History">American Museum of Natural History</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weill_Cornell_Medical_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Weill Cornell Medical College">Weill Cornell Medical College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Lear" title="Jonathan Lear">Jonathan Lear</a>, the John U. Nef Distinguished Service Professor in the Committee on Social Thought and professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago, who specializes in Aristotle and psychoanalysis.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Jarvis" title="Erich Jarvis">Erich Jarvis</a>, HHMI Investigator and head of the Neurogenetics of Language Laboratory at Rockefeller University.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Lloyd" title="Seth Lloyd">Seth Lloyd</a>, physicist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Lodish" title="Harvey Lodish">Harvey Lodish</a>, professor of biology at the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> and Founding Member of the <a href="/wiki/Whitehead_Institute_for_Biomedical_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research">Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiran_Musunuru" title="Kiran Musunuru">Kiran Musunuru</a>, professor of medicine at the <a href="/wiki/Perelman_School_of_Medicine_at_the_University_of_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania">Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania</a>, co-founder of <a href="/wiki/Verve_Therapeutics" class="mw-redirect" title="Verve Therapeutics">Verve Therapeutics</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Early_Career_Award_for_Scientists_and_Engineers" title="Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers">Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Papavasiliou" title="Nina Papavasiliou">Nina Papavasiliou</a>, Helmholtz Professor in the Division of Immune Diversity at the <a href="/wiki/German_Cancer_Research_Center" title="German Cancer Research Center">German Cancer Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Elkin_Patarroyo" title="Manuel Elkin Patarroyo">Manuel Elkin Patarroyo</a>, Colombian pathologist who made the world's first attempt of synthetic vaccine for malaria. Recipient of Prince of Asturias Award in 1994.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Ruta" title="Vanessa Ruta">Vanessa Ruta</a>, Head of the Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Behavior at Rockefeller University.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Sapolsky" title="Robert Sapolsky">Robert Sapolsky</a>, Stanford professor, <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellows_Program" title="MacArthur Fellows Program">MacArthur "Genius" Grant</a> recipient, and writer of numerous books on stress and natural history.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Smith" title="Amos Smith">Amos Smith</a>, Rhodes-Thompson professor of chemistry at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_B._Vosshall" title="Leslie B. Vosshall">Leslie B. Vosshall</a>, HHMI Investigator and the Robin Chemers Neustein Professor of Neurogenetics and Behavior at The Rockefeller University.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wolfenden" title="Richard Wolfenden">Richard Wolfenden</a>, professor of chemistry, biochemistry and biophysics at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gian-Paolo_Dotto" title="Gian-Paolo Dotto">Gian-Paolo Dotto</a>, professor and researcher, cancer domain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Yarmush" title="Martin Yarmush">Martin Yarmush</a>, Paul and Mary Monroe Chair and Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering at <a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University" title="Rutgers University">Rutgers University</a> and Founding Director of the Center for Engineering in Medicine at the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_General_Hospital" title="Massachusetts General Hospital">Massachusetts General Hospital</a>, Member of US National Academy of Engineering and National Academy of Inventors</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Individual_affiliates">Individual affiliates</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rockefeller_University_Campus_aerial_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Rockefeller_University_Campus_aerial_2.jpg/220px-Rockefeller_University_Campus_aerial_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Rockefeller_University_Campus_aerial_2.jpg/330px-Rockefeller_University_Campus_aerial_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Rockefeller_University_Campus_aerial_2.jpg/440px-Rockefeller_University_Campus_aerial_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Rockefeller University campus on the <a href="/wiki/FDR_Drive" title="FDR Drive">FDR Drive</a>, New York, NY, 2021</figcaption></figure> <p>Notable figures to emerge from the institution include <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Carrel" title="Alexis Carrel">Alexis Carrel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peyton_Rous" class="mw-redirect" title="Peyton Rous">Peyton Rous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hideyo_Noguchi" title="Hideyo Noguchi">Hideyo Noguchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Milton_Rivers" title="Thomas Milton Rivers">Thomas Milton Rivers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Shope" title="Richard Shope">Richard Shope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Francis_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Francis Jr">Thomas Francis Jr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_T._Avery" class="mw-redirect" title="Oswald T. Avery">Oswald T. Avery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Griffith" title="Frederick Griffith">Frederick Griffith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colin_Munro_MacLeod" title="Colin Munro MacLeod">Colin MacLeod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maclyn_McCarty" title="Maclyn McCarty">Maclyn McCarty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Lancefield" title="Rebecca Lancefield">Rebecca Lancefield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Meredith_Stanley" title="Wendell Meredith Stanley">Wendell Meredith Stanley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Dubos" title="René Dubos">René Dubos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ashton_Carter" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashton Carter">Ashton Carter</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cornelius_P._Rhoads" title="Cornelius P. Rhoads">Cornelius P. Rhoads</a>. Others attained eminence before being drawn to the university. <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Joshua Lederberg</a>, who won the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a> in 1958, served as president of the university from 1978 to 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Paul Nurse</a>, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2001, was president from 2003 to 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Before Nurse's tenure, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sakmar" title="Thomas Sakmar">Thomas Sakmar</a> was acting-president from 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) <a href="/wiki/Barry_Coller" class="mw-redirect" title="Barry Coller">Barry Coller</a>, who invented the <a href="/wiki/Abciximab" title="Abciximab">Abciximab</a>, currently serves as the Vice President for Medical Affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In all, as of October 2020, 38 Nobel Prize recipients have been associated with the university. In the mid-1970s, the university attracted a few prominent academicians in the humanities, such as <a href="/wiki/Saul_Kripke" title="Saul Kripke">Saul Kripke</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2></div> <p>Reginald Archibald, an <a href="/wiki/Endocrinologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Endocrinologist">endocrinologist</a> at the university from 1948 to 1982, allegedly abused dozens or hundreds of boys during his time at the university while studying <a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_human_body" title="Development of the human body">growth</a> problems in children, including molestation and photographing them naked.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Officials at Rockefeller University knew of the legitimacy of the claims for years before notifying the public.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The university and hospital issued a statement confirming that Archibald had "engaged in certain inappropriate conduct during patient examinations" and that they "deeply regret[ted]" any "pain and suffering" the former patients felt.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New York State passed a law known as the Child Victims Act, which created a one-year window for <a href="/wiki/Civil_suit" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil suit">civil suits</a> brought by former child victims, allowing them to make cases against the university.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Chernov_Titan-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chernov_Titan_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chernov_Titan_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chernov_Titan_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chernov_Titan_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChernow1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Chernow" title="Ron Chernow">Chernow, Ron</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37615450"><i>Titan: the life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr</i></a>. New York: Random House. pp. <span class="nowrap">471–</span>2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-679-43808-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-679-43808-3"><bdi>978-0-679-43808-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/37615450">37615450</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 17,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Titan%3A+the+life+of+John+D.+Rockefeller%2C+Sr.&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E471-%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F37615450&rft.isbn=978-0-679-43808-3&rft.aulast=Chernow&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F37615450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARockefeller+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-endowment-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-endowment_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As of June 30, 2020. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nacubo.org/-/media/Documents/Research/2020-NTSE-Public-Tables--Endowment-Market-Values--FINAL-FEBRUARY-19-2021.ashx">U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2020 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY19 to FY20</a> (Report). National Association of College and University Business Officers and <a href="/wiki/TIAA" title="TIAA">TIAA</a>. February 19, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Coller"</a>. <i>Our Scientists</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Scientists&rft.atitle=Barry+S.+Coller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockefeller.edu%2Four-scientists%2Fheads-of-laboratories%2F934-barry-s-coller%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARockefeller+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephanie_M._Lee2019" class="citation web cs1">Stephanie M. Lee (February 7, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/stephaniemlee/reginald-archibald-rockefeller-sex-abuse-studies">"These Men Want The Scientific Community To Acknowledge That A Famous Researcher Sexually Abused Them"</a>. <i>BuzzFeed News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BuzzFeed+News&rft.atitle=These+Men+Want+The+Scientific+Community+To+Acknowledge+That+A+Famous+Researcher+Sexually+Abused+Them&rft.date=2019-02-07&rft.au=Stephanie+M.+Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeednews.com%2Farticle%2Fstephaniemlee%2Freginald-archibald-rockefeller-sex-abuse-studies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARockefeller+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldbaum2018" class="citation news cs1">Goldbaum, Christina (October 18, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/18/nyregion/dr-reginald-archibald-rockefeller-abuse.html">"An Esteemed Doctor, Child Sexual Abuse Claims and a Hospital That Knew for Years"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 26,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=An+Esteemed+Doctor%2C+Child+Sexual+Abuse+Claims+and+a+Hospital+That+Knew+for+Years&rft.date=2018-10-18&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Goldbaum&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F10%2F18%2Fnyregion%2Fdr-reginald-archibald-rockefeller-abuse.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARockefeller+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlivia_Messer2019" class="citation news cs1">Olivia Messer (August 20, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/now-we-have-a-voice-survivors-of-pediatrician-reginald-archibald-file-lawsuits-in-wake-of-child-victims-act">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Now We Have a Voice': Survivors of NYC Pediatrician File Lawsuits in Wake of Child Victims Act"</a>. Daily Beast<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Now+We+Have+a+Voice%27%3A+Survivors+of+NYC+Pediatrician+File+Lawsuits+in+Wake+of+Child+Victims+Act&rft.date=2019-08-20&rft.au=Olivia+Messer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailybeast.com%2Fnow-we-have-a-voice-survivors-of-pediatrician-reginald-archibald-file-lawsuits-in-wake-of-child-victims-act&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARockefeller+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rockefeller.edu/">Official website</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NYC_Colleges" title="Template:NYC Colleges"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NYC_Colleges" title="Template talk:NYC Colleges"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NYC_Colleges" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NYC Colleges"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Colleges_and_universities_in_New_York_City264" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_New_York_City" title="List of colleges and universities in New York City">Colleges and universities in New York City</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_University_of_New_York" title="City University of New York">CUNY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordham_University" title="Fordham University">Fordham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_University" title="Long Island University">Long Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_University" title="Manhattan University">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercy_University" title="Mercy University">Mercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mount_Saint_Vincent" title="University of Mount Saint Vincent">Mount Saint Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_School" title="The New School">New School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">NYU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_University" title="Pace University">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_University_(New_York_City)" title="St. John's University (New York City)">St. John's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph%27s_University_(New_York)" title="St. Joseph's University (New York)">St. Joseph's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touro_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Touro College">Touro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva_University" title="Yeshiva University">Yeshiva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Dramatic_Arts" title="American Academy of Dramatic Arts">AADA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Musical_and_Dramatic_Academy" title="American Musical and Dramatic Academy">AMDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology" title="Fashion Institute of Technology">FIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juilliard_School" title="Juilliard School">Juilliard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_School_of_Music" title="Manhattan School of Music">Manhattan School of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Academy_of_Art" title="New York Academy of Art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Academy" title="New York Film Academy">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Studio_School_of_Drawing,_Painting_and_Sculpture" title="New York Studio School of Drawing, Painting and Sculpture">Studio School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Visual_Arts" title="School of Visual Arts">SVA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Architecture, design<br /> and engineering</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bard_Graduate_Center" title="Bard Graduate Center">Bard Graduate Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Union" title="Cooper Union">Cooper Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Tech" title="Cornell Tech">Cornell Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_Institute" title="Pratt Institute">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Institute_of_Technology" title="New York Institute of Technology">NYIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_School_of_Interior_Design" title="New York School of Interior Design">NYSID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design" title="Parsons School of Design">Parsons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_Maritime_College" title="State University of New York Maritime College">SUNY Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaughn_College_of_Aeronautics_and_Technology" title="Vaughn College of Aeronautics and Technology">Vaughn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_Street_College_of_Education" title="Bank Street College of Education">Bank Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teachers_College,_Columbia_University" title="Teachers College, Columbia University">Teachers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_College_of_Medicine" title="Albert Einstein College of Medicine">Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icahn_School_of_Medicine_at_Mount_Sinai" title="Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai_Phillips_School_of_Nursing_(PSON)" title="Mount Sinai Phillips School of Nursing (PSON)">Mount Sinai Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_College_of_Oriental_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific College of Oriental Medicine">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_College_of_Podiatric_Medicine" title="New York College of Podiatric Medicine">Podiatric</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rockefeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUNY_Downstate_Medical_Center" title="SUNY Downstate Medical Center">SUNY Downstate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_College_of_Optometry" title="State University of New York College of Optometry">SUNY Optometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weill_Cornell_Medicine" title="Weill Cornell Medicine">Weill Cornell Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weill_Cornell_Graduate_School_of_Medical_Sciences" title="Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences">Weill Cornell Graduate School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Law_School" title="Brooklyn Law School">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Law_School" title="New York Law School">New York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liberal arts colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnard_College" title="Barnard College">Barnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boricua_College" title="Boricua College">Boricua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marymount_Manhattan_College" title="Marymount Manhattan College">Marymount Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Francis_College" title="St. Francis College">St. Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_College" title="Wagner College">Wagner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private for-profit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_College" title="Berkeley College">Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeVry_University" title="DeVry University">DeVry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIM_College" title="LIM College">LIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_College_of_New_York" title="Metropolitan College of New York">Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Monroe College">Monroe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theological seminaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Theological_Seminary" title="General Theological Seminary">General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Union_College-Jewish_Institute_of_Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion">Hebrew Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Theological_Seminary_of_America" title="Jewish Theological Seminary of America">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Theological_Seminary" title="Union Theological Seminary">Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Temporarily closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_College_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="The King's College (New York)">The King's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Theological_Seminary" title="New York Theological Seminary">New York Theological Seminary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Upper_East_Side_(including_Carnegie_Hill,_Lenox_Hill,_and_Yorkville)277" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Upper_East_Side" title="Template:Upper East Side"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Upper_East_Side" title="Template talk:Upper East Side"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Upper_East_Side" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Upper East Side"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Upper_East_Side_(including_Carnegie_Hill,_Lenox_Hill,_and_Yorkville)277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side" title="Upper East Side">Upper East Side</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hill" title="Carnegie Hill">Carnegie Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lenox_Hill" title="Lenox Hill">Lenox Hill</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yorkville,_Manhattan" title="Yorkville, Manhattan">Yorkville</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Buildings277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Buildings</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">59th–72nd Sts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/19_East_64th_Street" title="19 East 64th Street">19 East 64th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/36_East_72nd_Street" title="36 East 72nd Street">36 East 72nd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45_East_66th_Street" title="45 East 66th Street">45 East 66th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/131_East_66th_Street" title="131 East 66th Street">131 East 66th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/520_Park_Avenue" title="520 Park Avenue">520 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/535_Park_Avenue" title="535 Park Avenue">535 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/550_Park_Avenue" title="550 Park Avenue">550 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/620_Park_Avenue" title="620 Park Avenue">620 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/625_Park_Avenue" title="625 Park Avenue">625 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/655_Park_Avenue" title="655 Park Avenue">655 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/720_Park_Avenue" title="720 Park Avenue">720 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/730_Park_Avenue" title="730 Park Avenue">730 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/737_Park_Avenue" title="737 Park Avenue">737 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/740_Park_Avenue" title="740 Park Avenue">740 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/810_Fifth_Avenue" title="810 Fifth Avenue">810 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/820_Fifth_Avenue" title="820 Fifth Avenue">820 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/825_Fifth_Avenue" title="825 Fifth Avenue">825 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/834_Fifth_Avenue" title="834 Fifth Avenue">834 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/880_Fifth_Avenue" title="880 Fifth Avenue">880 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/907_Fifth_Avenue" title="907 Fifth Avenue">907 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbizon_63" title="Barbizon 63">Barbizon 63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomingdale%27s_flagship_store" title="Bloomingdale's flagship store">Bloomingdale's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Berwind_House" title="Edward J. Berwind House">Edward J. Berwind House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Rhinelander_Waldo_House" title="Gertrude Rhinelander Waldo House">Gertrude Rhinelander Waldo House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pratt_House" title="Harold Pratt House">Harold Pratt House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay_Frick_House" title="Henry Clay Frick House">Henry Clay Frick House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_N._Straus_House" title="Herbert N. Straus House">Herbert N. Straus House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_House_(New_York_City)" title="Imperial House (New York City)">Imperial House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_House" title="Manhattan House">Manhattan House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Orme_Wilson_House" title="Marshall Orme Wilson House">Marshall Orme Wilson House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millan_House" title="Millan House">Millan House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Armory" title="Park Avenue Armory">Park Avenue Armory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Houses" title="Park Avenue Houses">Park Avenue Houses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_P._Davison_House" title="Henry P. Davison House">Henry P. Davison House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_D._Filley_House" title="Oliver D. Filley House">Oliver D. Filley House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_R._Pyne_House" title="Percy R. Pyne House">Percy R. Pyne House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sloane_House" title="William Sloane House">William Sloane House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Cinq" title="Park Cinq">Park Cinq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pierre" title="The Pierre">The Pierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowhouses_at_322%E2%80%93344_East_69th_Street" title="Rowhouses at 322–344 East 69th Street">Rowhouses at 322–344 East 69th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Delano_Roosevelt_Memorial_House" title="Sara Delano Roosevelt Memorial House">Sara Delano Roosevelt Memorial House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Palace_Condominiums" title="Trump Palace Condominiums">Trump Palace Condominiums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Park_Avenue" title="Trump Park Avenue">Trump Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Plaza_(New_York_City)" title="Trump Plaza (New York City)">Trump Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Post_Office%E2%80%93Lenox_Hill_Station" title="United States Post Office–Lenox Hill Station">United States Post Office–Lenox Hill Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">72nd–86th Sts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10_Gracie_Square" title="10 Gracie Square">10 Gracie Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_East_End_Avenue" title="20 East End Avenue">20 East End Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/903_Park_Avenue" title="903 Park Avenue">903 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/927_Fifth_Avenue" title="927 Fifth Avenue">927 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/930_Fifth_Avenue" title="930 Fifth Avenue">930 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/960_Fifth_Avenue" title="960 Fifth Avenue">960 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/970_Park_Avenue" title="970 Park Avenue">970 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/980_Madison_Avenue" title="980 Madison Avenue">980 Madison Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/995_Fifth_Avenue" title="995 Fifth Avenue">995 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/998_Fifth_Avenue" title="998 Fifth Avenue">998 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000_Park_Avenue" title="1000 Park Avenue">1000 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1020_Fifth_Avenue" title="1020 Fifth Avenue">1020 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1040_Fifth_Avenue" title="1040 Fifth Avenue">1040 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1049_Fifth_Avenue" title="1049 Fifth Avenue">1049 Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belaire_Apartments" title="Belaire Apartments">Belaire Apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_N._Duke_House" title="Benjamin N. Duke House">Benjamin N. Duke House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_74" title="Casa 74">Casa 74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Charles" title="The Charles">The Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Apartments" title="Cherokee Apartments">Cherokee Apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Whitman_Mansion" title="Clarence Whitman Mansion">Clarence Whitman Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate_General_of_France,_New_York_City" title="Consulate General of France, New York City">Consulate General of France, New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_73rd_Street_Historic_District" title="East 73rd Street Historic District">East 73rd Street Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_80th_Street_Houses" title="East 80th Street Houses">East 80th Street Houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_S._Harkness_House" title="Edward S. Harkness House">Edward S. Harkness House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Forum_at_343_East_74th_Street" title="The Forum at 343 East 74th Street">The Forum at 343 East 74th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Sinclair_House" title="Harry F. Sinclair House">Harry F. Sinclair House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_T._Sloane_House" title="Henry T. Sloane House">Henry T. Sloane House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houses_at_157%E2%80%93165_East_78th_Street" title="Houses at 157–165 East 78th Street">Houses at 157–165 East 78th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houses_at_208%E2%80%93218_East_78th_Street" title="Houses at 208–218 East 78th Street">Houses at 208–218 East 78th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Duke_House" title="James B. Duke House">James B. Duke House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pulitzer_House" title="Joseph Pulitzer House">Joseph Pulitzer House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_G._Morris_House" title="Lewis G. Morris House">Lewis G. Morris House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_L._McCready_House" title="Nathaniel L. McCready House">Nathaniel L. McCready House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Gould_Jennings_House" title="Oliver Gould Jennings House">Oliver Gould Jennings House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payne_Whitney_House" title="Payne Whitney House">Payne Whitney House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_C._and_Mildred_Kramer_House" title="Raymond C. and Mildred Kramer House">Raymond C. and Mildred Kramer House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Fish_House_(78th_Street,_Manhattan)" title="Stuyvesant Fish House (78th Street, Manhattan)">Stuyvesant Fish House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Starr_Miller_House" title="William Starr Miller House">William Starr Miller House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkville_Bank_Building" title="Yorkville Bank Building">Yorkville Bank Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">86th–96th Sts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie_Mansion" title="Andrew Carnegie Mansion">Andrew Carnegie Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hill_Tower" title="Carnegie Hill Tower">Carnegie Hill Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Fabbri_House" title="Edith Fabbri House">Edith Fabbri House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_M._Warburg_House" title="Felix M. Warburg House">Felix M. Warburg House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Baker_Jr._Houses" title="George F. Baker Jr. Houses">George F. Baker Jr. Houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracie_Mansion" title="Gracie Mansion">Gracie Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holmes_Towers" title="Holmes Towers">Holmes Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaacs_Houses" title="Isaacs Houses">Isaacs Houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Burden_House" title="James A. Burden House">James A. Burden House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Hammond_House" title="John Henry Hammond House">John Henry Hammond House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Drexel_Dahlgren_House" title="Lucy Drexel Dahlgren House">Lucy Drexel Dahlgren House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._Graham_Fair_Vanderbilt_House" title="Mrs. Graham Fair Vanderbilt House">Mrs. Graham Fair Vanderbilt House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Asphalt_Plant" title="Municipal Asphalt Plant">Municipal Asphalt Plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogden_Codman_House" title="Ogden Codman House">Ogden Codman House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_H._Kahn_House" title="Otto H. Kahn House">Otto H. Kahn House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_D._Straight_House" title="Willard D. Straight House">Willard D. Straight House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Goadby_Loew_House" title="William Goadby Loew House">William Goadby Loew House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkville_Bank_Building" title="Yorkville Bank Building">Yorkville Bank Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Curtiss_James_House" title="Arthur Curtiss James House">Arthur Curtiss James House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Ledyard_Blair_House" title="C. Ledyard Blair House">C. Ledyard Blair House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbridge_T._Gerry_Mansion" title="Elbridge T. Gerry Mansion">Elbridge T. Gerry Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Blumenthal_House" title="George Blumenthal House">George Blumenthal House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Gould_House" title="George J. Gould House">George J. Gould House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Phipps_House" title="Henry Phipps House">Henry Phipps House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_New_Netherland" title="Hotel New Netherland">Hotel New Netherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern_House" title="Isaac Stern House">Isaac Stern House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Speyer_House" title="James Speyer House">James Speyer House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Gould_House" title="Jay Gould House">Jay Gould House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_Library_(New_York_City)" title="Lenox Library (New York City)">Lenox Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._William_B._Astor_House" title="Mrs. William B. Astor House">Mrs. William B. Astor House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogden_Mills_House" title="Ogden Mills House">Ogden Mills House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Clark_House" title="William A. Clark House">William A. Clark House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Whitney_House" title="William C. Whitney House">William C. Whitney House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Salomon_House" title="William Salomon House">William Salomon House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ziegler_House" title="William Ziegler House">William Ziegler House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Culture</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shops, restaurants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_La_Vieille_Russie" title="A La Vieille Russie">A La Vieille Russie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albertine_Books" title="Albertine Books">Albertine Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bemelmans_Bar" title="Bemelmans Bar">Bemelmans Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasserie_Julien" title="Brasserie Julien">Brasserie Julien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Boulud" title="Café Boulud">Café Boulud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caravaggio_(restaurant)" title="Caravaggio (restaurant)">Caravaggio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlyle_Restaurant" title="Carlyle Restaurant">Carlyle Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_(restaurant)" title="Daniel (restaurant)">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorrian%27s_Red_Hand_Restaurant" title="Dorrian's Red Hand Restaurant">Dorrian's Red Hand Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_Chalette" title="Galerie Chalette">Galerie Chalette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J.G._Melon" title="J.G. Melon">J.G. Melon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JoJo_(restaurant)" title="JoJo (restaurant)">JoJo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Carriage_House" title="King's Carriage House">King's Carriage House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Goulue_(restaurant)" title="La Goulue (restaurant)">La Goulue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusardi%27s" title="Lusardi's">Lusardi's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappo_Masa_Restaurant" title="Kappo Masa Restaurant">Kappo Masa Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orwashers_Bakery" title="Orwashers Bakery">Orwashers Bakery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasabune" title="Sasabune">Sasabune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serendipity_3" title="Serendipity 3">Serendipity 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sfoglia_(restaurant)" title="Sfoglia (restaurant)">Sfoglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_of_Gari" title="Sushi of Gari">Sushi of Gari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_Noz" title="Sushi Noz">Sushi Noz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_Seki" title="Sushi Seki">Sushi Seki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Veau_d%27Or" title="Le Veau d'Or">Le Veau d'Or</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Museum_of_Judaica" title="Bernard Museum of Judaica">Bernard Museum of Judaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Hewitt,_Smithsonian_Design_Museum" title="Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum">Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frick_Collection" title="Frick Collection">Frick Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Museum_(Manhattan)" title="Jewish Museum (Manhattan)">Jewish Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Met_Fifth_Avenue" title="The Met Fifth Avenue">The Met Fifth Avenue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon_Hotel_Museum" title="Mount Vernon Hotel Museum">Mount Vernon Hotel Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Galerie_New_York" title="Neue Galerie New York">Neue Galerie New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_R._Guggenheim_Museum" title="Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum">Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theaters/performing arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/59E59_Theaters" title="59E59 Theaters">59E59 Theaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_National_Hall" title="Bohemian National Hall">Bohemian National Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_74th_Street_Theater" title="East 74th Street Theater">East 74th Street Theater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acquavella_Galleries" title="Acquavella Galleries">Acquavella Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Shapolsky_Gallery" title="Anita Shapolsky Gallery">Anita Shapolsky Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Di_Donna_Galleries" title="Di Donna Galleries">Di Donna Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doyle_New_York" title="Doyle New York">Doyle New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Papp" title="Florian Papp">Florian Papp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagosian_Gallery" title="Gagosian Gallery">Gagosian Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Kahan_Gallery" title="Jane Kahan Gallery">Jane Kahan Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharina_Rich_Perlow_Gallery" title="Katharina Rich Perlow Gallery">Katharina Rich Perlow Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraushaar_Galleries" title="Kraushaar Galleries">Kraushaar Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Over_Manhattan" title="Venus Over Manhattan">Venus Over Manhattan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hotels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bentley_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Bentley Hotel (New York City)">Bentley Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlyle_Hotel" title="Carlyle Hotel">Carlyle Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Hotel" title="Lowell Hotel">Lowell Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mark_Hotel" title="The Mark Hotel">The Mark Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Plaza_Ath%C3%A9n%C3%A9e" title="Hotel Plaza Athénée">Hotel Plaza Athénée</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social clubs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/92nd_Street_Y" title="92nd Street Y">92nd Street Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitan_Club_(New_York_City)" title="Cosmopolitan Club (New York City)">Cosmopolitan Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonie_Club" title="Harmonie Club">Harmonie Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knickerbocker_Club" title="Knickerbocker Club">Knickerbocker Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotos_Club" title="Lotos Club">Lotos Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Club_(New_York_City)" title="Metropolitan Club (New York City)">Metropolitan Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodley_Gallery" title="Bodley Gallery">Bodley Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasserie_Julien" title="Brasserie Julien">Brasserie Julien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck_House_NYC" title="Buck House NYC">Buck House NYC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacha%C3%A7a_(nightclub)" title="Cachaça (nightclub)">Cachaça</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Colony_(restaurant)" title="The Colony (restaurant)">The Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangerfield%27s" title="Dangerfield's">Dangerfield's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine%27s" title="Elaine's">Elaine's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etats-Unis" title="Etats-Unis">Etats-Unis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_Towne_House" title="Magic Towne House">Magic Towne House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell%27s_Plum" title="Maxwell's Plum">Maxwell's Plum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Met_Breuer" title="Met Breuer">Met Breuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quo_Vadis_(New_York_restaurant)" title="Quo Vadis (New York restaurant)">Quo Vadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regine%27s" title="Regine's">Regine's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salon_94" title="Salon 94">Salon 94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sign_of_the_Dove_(restaurant)" title="The Sign of the Dove (restaurant)">The Sign of the Dove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stable_Gallery" title="Stable Gallery">Stable Gallery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Green_spaces/recreation277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Green spaces/recreation</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Schurz_Park" title="Carl Schurz Park">Carl Schurz Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jay_Park" title="John Jay Park">John Jay Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Education277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Education</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frick_Art_Reference_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Frick Art Reference Library">Frick Art Reference Library</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frick_Art_Reference_Library_Photoarchive" class="mw-redirect" title="Frick Art Reference Library Photoarchive">Frick Art Reference Library Photoarchive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Society_Library" title="New York Society Library">New York Society Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Goldwater_Library" title="Robert Goldwater Library">Robert Goldwater Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Library" title="Thomas J. Watson Library">Thomas J. Watson Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkville_Library" title="Yorkville Library">Yorkville Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary and secondary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen-Stevenson_School" title="Allen-Stevenson School">Allen-Stevenson School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brearley_School" title="Brearley School">Brearley School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birch_Wathen_Lenox_School" title="Birch Wathen Lenox School">Birch Wathen Lenox School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckley_School_(New_York_City)" title="Buckley School (New York City)">Buckley School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caedmon_School" title="Caedmon School">Caedmon School</a>* <a href="/wiki/Chapin_School" title="Chapin School">Chapin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalton_School" title="Dalton School">Dalton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Eleanor Roosevelt High School (New York City)">Eleanor Roosevelt High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewitt_School" title="Hewitt School">Hewitt School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_College_Elementary_School" title="Hunter College Elementary School">Hunter College Elementary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_College_High_School" title="Hunter College High School">Hunter College High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Richman_Education_Complex" title="Julia Richman Education Complex">Julia Richman Education Complex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Talent_Unlimited_High_School" title="Talent Unlimited High School">Talent Unlimited High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Academy_Laboratory_High_School" title="Urban Academy Laboratory High School">Urban Academy Laboratory High School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Scuola_d%27Italia_Guglielmo_Marconi" title="La Scuola d'Italia Guglielmo Marconi">La Scuola d'Italia Guglielmo Marconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyola_School_(New_York_City)" title="Loyola School (New York City)">Loyola School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_Fran%C3%A7ais_de_New_York" title="Lycée Français de New York">Lycée Français de New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marymount_School_of_New_York" title="Marymount School of New York">Marymount School of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightingale-Bamford_School" title="Nightingale-Bamford School">Nightingale-Bamford School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PS_6" title="PS 6">PS 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PS_158" title="PS 158">PS 158</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramaz_School" title="Ramaz School">Ramaz School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regis_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Regis High School (New York City)">Regis High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Jean_Baptiste_High_School" title="St. Jean Baptiste High School">St. Jean Baptiste High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Vincent_Ferrer_High_School" title="St. Vincent Ferrer High School">St. Vincent Ferrer High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Academy_of_Manhattan" title="Sephardic Academy of Manhattan">Sephardic Academy of Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spence_School" title="Spence School">Spence School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Town_School" title="The Town School">The Town School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Day_School" title="Trevor Day School">Trevor Day School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-secondary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_College" title="Hunter College">Hunter College</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_Hall_(Hunter_College)" title="Assembly Hall (Hunter College)">Assembly Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_House_Public_Policy_Institute_at_Hunter_College" title="Roosevelt House Public Policy Institute at Hunter College">Roosevelt House Public Policy Institute at Hunter College</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Study_of_the_Ancient_World" title="Institute for the Study of the Ancient World">Institute for the Study of the Ancient World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marymount_Manhattan_College" title="Marymount Manhattan College">Marymount Manhattan College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_School_of_Interior_Design" title="New York School of Interior Design">New York School of Interior Design</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rockefeller University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nurses_Residence" title="Nurses Residence">Nurses Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welch_Hall_(Rockefeller_University)" title="Welch Hall (Rockefeller University)">Welch Hall</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_School_of_Nursing" title="Cornell School of Nursing">Cornell School of Nursing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham_Center_of_Contemporary_Dance" title="Martha Graham Center of Contemporary Dance">Martha Graham Center of Contemporary Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Design" title="National Academy of Design">National Academy of Design</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Religion277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Religion</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches, chapels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archdiocesan_Cathedral_of_the_Holy_Trinity" title="Archdiocesan Cathedral of the Holy Trinity">Archdiocesan Cathedral of the Holy Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brick_Presbyterian_Church_(New_York_City)" title="Brick Presbyterian Church (New York City)">Brick Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Presbyterian_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Central Presbyterian Church (Manhattan)">Central Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church_United_Methodist" title="Christ Church United Methodist">Christ Church United Methodist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Epiphany_(Episcopal,_Manhattan)" title="Church of the Epiphany (Episcopal, Manhattan)">Church of the Epiphany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Heavenly_Rest" title="Church of the Heavenly Rest">Church of the Heavenly Rest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_of_Peace" title="Church of Our Lady of Peace">Church of Our Lady of Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Ignatius_Loyola_(New_York_City)" title="Church of St. Ignatius Loyola (New York City)">Church of St. Ignatius Loyola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Vincent_Ferrer_(Manhattan)" title="Church of St. Vincent Ferrer (Manhattan)">Church of St. Vincent Ferrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Trinity_Church,_St._Christopher_House_and_Parsonage" title="Holy Trinity Church, St. Christopher House and Parsonage">Holy Trinity Church, St. Christopher House and Parsonage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Hus_Presbyterian_Church" title="Jan Hus Presbyterian Church">Jan Hus Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue_Presbyterian_Church" title="Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church">Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Good_Counsel_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Our Lady of Good Counsel Church (Manhattan)">Our Lady of Good Counsel Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Christian_Church" title="Park Avenue Christian Church">Park Avenue Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Catherine_of_Siena_Church_(New_York_City)" title="St. Catherine of Siena Church (New York City)">St. Catherine of Siena Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Elizabeth_of_Hungary_Church" title="St. Elizabeth of Hungary Church">St. Elizabeth of Hungary Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._James%27_Episcopal_Church_(Manhattan)" title="St. James' Episcopal Church (Manhattan)">St. James' Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Jean_Baptiste_Roman_Catholic_Church" title="St. Jean Baptiste Roman Catholic Church">St. Jean Baptiste Roman Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph_Church_(Yorkville,_Manhattan)" title="St. Joseph Church (Yorkville, Manhattan)">St. Joseph Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary_Church_(69th_Street,_Manhattan)" title="St. Mary Church (69th Street, Manhattan)">St. Mary Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Monica_Church_(Manhattan)" title="St. Monica Church (Manhattan)">St. Monica Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Stephen_of_Hungary_Church_(New_York_City)" title="St. Stephen of Hungary Church (New York City)">St. Stephen of Hungary Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_More_Church_(New_York_City)" title="St. Thomas More Church (New York City)">St. Thomas More Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitarian_Church_of_All_Souls" title="Unitarian Church of All Souls">Unitarian Church of All Souls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zion-St._Mark%27s_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church" title="Zion-St. Mark's Evangelical Lutheran Church">Zion-St. Mark's Evangelical Lutheran Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Synagogues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altneu" title="Altneu">Altneu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Emanu-El_of_New_York" title="Congregation Emanu-El of New York">Congregation Emanu-El of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Kehilath_Jeshurun" title="Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun">Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_Or_Zarua" title="Congregation Or Zarua">Congregation Or Zarua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_J._Safra_Synagogue_(Manhattan)" title="Edmond J. Safra Synagogue (Manhattan)">Edmond J. Safra Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue_Synagogue" title="Fifth Avenue Synagogue">Fifth Avenue Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Synagogue" title="Park Avenue Synagogue">Park Avenue Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_East_Synagogue" title="Park East Synagogue">Park East Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Beth-El_(New_York_City)" title="Temple Beth-El (New York City)">Temple Beth-El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Israel_of_the_City_of_New_York" title="Temple Israel of the City of New York">Temple Israel of the City of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Shaaray_Tefila" title="Temple Shaaray Tefila">Temple Shaaray Tefila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Zendo_Shobo-Ji" title="New York Zendo Shobo-Ji">New York Zendo Shobo-Ji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Health277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Health</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gracie_Square_Hospital" title="Gracie Square Hospital">Gracie Square Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_for_Special_Surgery" title="Hospital for Special Surgery">Hospital for Special Surgery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_for_Bioregenerative_Medicine_and_Surgery" title="Laboratory for Bioregenerative Medicine and Surgery">Laboratory for Bioregenerative Medicine and Surgery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_Hill_Hospital" title="Lenox Hill Hospital">Lenox Hill Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Eye,_Ear_and_Throat_Hospital" title="Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital">Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Sloan_Kettering_Cancer_Center" title="Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center">Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weill_Cornell_Medical_Center" title="Weill Cornell Medical Center">Weill Cornell Medical Center</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Defunct7" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Ewing_Hospital" title="James Ewing Hospital">James Ewing Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue_Hospital" title="Madison Avenue Hospital">Madison Avenue Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payne_Whitney_Psychiatric_Clinic" title="Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic">Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_Hospital" title="Trafalgar Hospital">Trafalgar Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Transportation277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Transportation</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">Subway</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue%E2%80%9359th_Street_station" title="Fifth Avenue–59th Street station">Fifth Avenue/59th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue/59th_Street_station" title="Lexington Avenue/59th Street station">Lexington Avenue/59th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue%E2%80%9363rd_Street_station" title="Lexington Avenue–63rd Street station">Lexington Avenue/63rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/68th_Street%E2%80%93Hunter_College_station" title="68th Street–Hunter College station">Lexington Avenue/68th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/77th_Street_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="77th Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">Lexington Avenue/77th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/86th_Street_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="86th Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">Lexington Avenue/86th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Street_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="96th Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">Lexington Avenue/96th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_station_(Second_Avenue_Subway)" title="72nd Street station (Second Avenue Subway)">Second Avenue/72nd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/86th_Street_station_(Second_Avenue_Subway)" title="86th Street station (Second Avenue Subway)">Second Avenue/86th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Street_station_(Second_Avenue_Subway)" title="96th Street station (Second Avenue Subway)">Second Avenue/96th Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/66th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="66th Street (Manhattan)">66th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/74th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="74th Street (Manhattan)">74th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/79th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="79th Street (Manhattan)">79th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="85th Street (Manhattan)">85th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/86th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="86th Street (Manhattan)">86th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/89th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="89th Street (Manhattan)">89th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="93rd Street (Manhattan)">93rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/95th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="95th Street (Manhattan)">95th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="96th Street (Manhattan)">96th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FDR_Drive" title="FDR Drive">FDR Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_B_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue B (Manhattan)">East End Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Avenue_and_Sutton_Place" title="York Avenue and Sutton Place">York Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="First Avenue (Manhattan)">First Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Second Avenue (Manhattan)">Second Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Avenue" title="Third Avenue">Third Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/107th_Infantry_Memorial" title="107th Infantry Memorial">107th Infantry Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Morris_Hunt_Memorial" title="Richard Morris Hunt Memorial">Richard Morris Hunt Memorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related_topics277" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_73rd_Street_Historic_District" title="East 73rd Street Historic District">East 73rd Street Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardenbergh/Rhinelander_Historic_District" title="Hardenbergh/Rhinelander Historic District">Hardenbergh/Rhinelander Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treadwell_Farm_Historic_District" title="Treadwell Farm Historic District">Treadwell Farm Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side_Historic_District" title="Upper East Side Historic District">Upper East Side Historic District</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_8" title="Manhattan Community Board 8">Manhattan Community Board 8</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270272#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2320" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270272#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2320" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270272#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000110886368">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121661519">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/130006080">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/25787-4">Germany</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/25786-2">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50066114">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12340457v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12340457v">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35458059">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Rockefeller University"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=nlk20030141646&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=nlk20030141644&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Rockefeller Institute"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=nlk20030141645&CON_LNG=ENG">3</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007526374905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structurae.net/structures/10001339">Structurae</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA03948999?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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