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프랑수아노엘 바뵈프 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전

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class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="문서의 글꼴 크기, 폭, 색의 모습을 변경합니다" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="보이기" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">보이기</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ko" class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&amp;returnto=%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%88%98%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8%EC%97%98+%EB%B0%94%EB%B5%88%ED%94%84" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&amp;returnto=%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%88%98%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8%EC%97%98+%EB%B0%94%EB%B5%88%ED%94%84" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&amp;returnto=%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%88%98%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8%EC%97%98+%EB%B0%94%EB%B5%88%ED%94%84" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&amp;returnto=%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%88%98%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8%EC%97%98+%EB%B0%94%EB%B5%88%ED%94%84" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">프랑수아노엘 바뵈프</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 45개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%81" title="فرانسوا نويل بابوف – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فرانسوا نويل بابوف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%81" title="فرانسوا نويل بابيوف – 이집트 아랍어" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فرانسوا نويل بابيوف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="이집트 아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" title="Gracchus Babeuf – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Gracchus Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qrakx_Bab%C3%B6f" title="Qrakx Baböf – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qrakx Baböf" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%91%D1%84" title="Гракх Бабёф – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гракх Бабёф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Гракх Бабьоф – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гракх Бабьоф" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" title="Gracchus Babeuf – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gracchus Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François Noël Babeuf – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="François Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AC-%CE%9D%CE%BF%CE%AD%CE%BB_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%86" title="Φρανσουά-Νοέλ Μπαμπέφ – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φρανσουά-Νοέλ Μπαμπέφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Babeuf" title="François Babeuf – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="François Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" title="Gracchus Babeuf – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gracchus Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%81" title="فرانسوا نوئل بابوف – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرانسوا نوئل بابوف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" title="Gracchus Babeuf – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gracchus Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%90%D7%94-%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A3" title="פרנסואה-נואל באבף – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרנסואה-נואל באבף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" title="Gracchus Babeuf – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gracchus Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%BD_%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%86" title="Գրակքոս Բաբյոֆ – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրակքոս Բաբյոֆ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" title="Gracchus Babeuf – 이도어" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gracchus Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="이도어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BD%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8E%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%90%E3%83%96%E3%83%BC%E3%83%95" title="フランソワ・ノエル・バブーフ – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランソワ・ノエル・バブーフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%84" title="Гракх Бабеф – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гракх Бабеф" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscus_Natalis_Babeuf" title="Franciscus Natalis Babeuf – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Franciscus Natalis Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" title="Gracchus Babeuf – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gracchus Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François Noël Babeuf – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="François Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" title="Gracchus Babeuf – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gracchus Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François Noël Babeuf – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="François Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François Noël Babeuf – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="François Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François Noël Babeuf – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="François Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%91%D1%84,_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85" title="Бабёф, Гракх – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бабёф, Гракх" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%84" title="Грах Бабеф – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Грах Бабеф" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bab%C3%BDof_Grakh" title="Babýof Grakh – 투르크멘어" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Babýof Grakh" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="투르크멘어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%84" title="Гракх Бабеф – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гракх Бабеф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf – 요루바어" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="François-Noël Babeuf" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="요루바어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E7%B4%A2%E7%93%A6-%E8%AF%BA%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%B4%9D%E5%A4%AB" title="弗朗索瓦-诺埃尔·巴贝夫 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="弗朗索瓦-诺埃尔·巴贝夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189714#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="언어 간 링크 편집" class="wbc-editpage">링크 편집</a></span></div> </div> </div> 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wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" hreflang="en"><span>위키미디어 공용</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189714" title="데이터 저장소에 연결된 항목을 가리키는 링크 [g]" accesskey="g"><span>위키데이터 항목</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="페이지 도구"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">보이기</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Babeuf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Babeuf.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="143" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="148" data-file-height="143" /></a><figcaption>프랑수아노엘 바브프</figcaption></figure> <p><b>프랑수아노엘 바뵈프</b>(François-Noël Babeuf, <a href="/wiki/1760%EB%85%84" title="1760년">1760년</a> <a href="/wiki/11%EC%9B%94_23%EC%9D%BC" title="11월 23일">11월 23일</a> ~ <a href="/wiki/1797%EB%85%84" title="1797년">1797년</a> <a href="/wiki/5%EC%9B%94_27%EC%9D%BC" title="5월 27일">5월 27일</a>)는 <b>그라쿠스 바뵈프</b>(Gracchus Babeuf)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;EB&#39;&#39;1878_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;EB&#39;&#39;1878-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>라고도 알려졌으며 <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4" title="프랑스">프랑스</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4_%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85" title="프랑스 혁명">혁명</a> 시대의 혁명가이자, 프랑스 사회에서 경제, 문화, 사회 등을 포함한 전방위적이고 근본적인 대변혁의 필요성을 주장한 필진이었다. 그는 <b>민중의 사회</b> 사건(Societé des égaux)에 참여하였다. <a href="/wiki/1796%EB%85%84" title="1796년">1796년</a> <a href="/wiki/5%EC%9B%94_10%EC%9D%BC" title="5월 10일">5월 10일</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%AF%B8%EB%8F%84%EB%A5%B4%EC%9D%98_%EB%B0%98%EB%8F%99" title="테르미도르의 반동">테르미도르의 반동</a>을 주도했던 수구주의자들이 이끄는 정부에 의해 체포되었으며 <a href="/wiki/1797%EB%85%84" title="1797년">1797년</a> <a href="/wiki/2%EC%9B%94_20%EC%9D%BC" title="2월 20일">2월 20일</a>과 <a href="/wiki/5%EC%9B%94_26%EC%9D%BC" title="5월 26일">5월 26일</a>에 재판을 받았고 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A8%EB%91%90%EB%8C%80" title="단두대">단두대</a>에서 처형되었다. </p><p>당대 "<a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98%EC%9E%90" class="mw-redirect" title="사회주의자">사회주의자</a>"나 "<a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98%EC%9E%90" class="mw-redirect" title="공산주의자">공산주의자</a>"라는 표현이 존재하지는 않았지만, 그의 토지 개혁 이론, 사회 변혁에 관한 주장은 공산주의적 사고의 맹아를 보여주고 있으며, 후대의 역사가들 또한 그를 초기 공산주의자라고 파악한다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%88%98%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8%EC%97%98_%EB%B0%94%EB%B5%88%ED%94%84&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;EB&#39;&#39;1878-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE&#39;&#39;EB&#39;&#39;1878_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEB1878"><i>EB</i> (1878)</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfnp error: 대상 없음: CITEREFEB1878 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="외부_링크"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EB.B6.80_.EB.A7.81.ED.81.AC"></span>외부 링크</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%88%98%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8%EC%97%98_%EB%B0%94%EB%B5%88%ED%94%84&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="부분 편집: 외부 링크"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> 위키미디어 공용에 <span class="plainlinks"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" class="extiw" title="commons:François-Noël Babeuf">프랑수아노엘 바뵈프</a></span> 관련 미디어 자료가 있습니다.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480591">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="공산주의" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;background:#D80020; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311309">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EA%BC%AC%EB%A6%AC%EB%A7%90" title="틀:공산주의 꼬리말"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;background:#D80020; color:white;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EA%BC%AC%EB%A6%AC%EB%A7%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:공산주의 꼬리말 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;background:#D80020; color:white;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EA%BC%AC%EB%A6%AC%EB%A7%90" title="특수:문서편집/틀:공산주의 꼬리말"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;background:#D80020; color:white;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="공산주의" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="공산주의"><span style="background-color:#DD0000; color:white;">공산주의</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;width:1%">이론</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC%EC%8A%A4%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="마르크스주의">마르크스주의 철학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="마르크스 경제학">마르크스 경제학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%9E%90%EB%B3%B8%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="반자본주의">반자본주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="사회주의">사회주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EB%B3%B8%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="인본주의">인본주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%80%EC%A6%9D%EB%B2%95%EC%A0%81_%EC%9C%A0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A1%A0" title="변증법적 유물론">변증법적 유물론</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%83%9D%EC%82%B0%EC%96%91%EC%8B%9D%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="생산양식이론 (없는 문서)">생산양식이론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85" title="세계혁명">세계혁명</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8F%AD%EB%A0%A5%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85%EB%A1%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="폭력혁명론 (없는 문서)">폭력혁명론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="국제주의">무산계급 국제주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EC%82%B0%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85" class="mw-redirect" title="무산계급혁명">무산계급혁명</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EC%82%B0%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89%EB%8F%85%EC%9E%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="무산계급독재">무산계급독재</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AC%B4%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="무계급 (없는 문서)">무계급</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AC%B4%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="무국가 (없는 문서)">무국가</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%9D%ED%8C%8C%EC%97%85" title="총파업">총파업</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B4%9D%ED%88%AC%EC%9F%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="총투쟁 (없는 문서)">총투쟁</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A7%91%EB%8B%A8%EC%A7%80%EB%8F%84%EC%A0%9C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="집단지도제 (없는 문서)">집단지도제</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89_%ED%88%AC%EC%9F%81" class="mw-redirect" title="계급 투쟁">계급 투쟁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89_%EC%9D%98%EC%8B%9D" title="계급 의식">계급 의식</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A7%91%EB%8B%A8%EC%83%9D%EC%82%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="집단생산 (없는 문서)">집단생산</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%AC%BC%EC%82%AC%EA%B4%80" title="유물사관">유물사관</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%EC%BD%94_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="포코 이론">포코 이론</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%89%EC%9D%80_%EB%B3%84" title="붉은 별"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Red_star.svg/100px-Red_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Red_star.svg/150px-Red_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Red_star.svg/200px-Red_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="1175" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;width:1%">실제</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98%EC%82%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="공산주의사">공산주의사</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85" class="mw-redirect" title="공산주의 혁명">공산주의 혁명</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EB%8B%B9" title="공산당">공산당</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EB%8B%B9_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="공산당 목록 (없는 문서)">목록</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80" title="공산국가">공산국가</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A0%9C" title="공산제">공산제</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EC%83%81%EC%A7%95%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="공산주의 상징주의 (없는 문서)">공산주의 상징주의</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%82%B4%EC%85%94%EB%84%90%EA%B0%80" title="인터내셔널가">인터내셔널가</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EC%9D%B4%EB%85%90_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="공산주의 이념 목록 (없는 문서)"><span style="color:white;">변종</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_communism" class="extiw" title="en:National communism">국민공산주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC%EC%8A%A4%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="마르크스주의">마르크스주의</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EB%8B%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="레닌주의">레닌주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A9%EC%85%88%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="룩셈부르크주의">룩셈부르크주의</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">바뵈프주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9E%91%ED%82%A4%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="블랑키주의">블랑키주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%82%98%EB%A5%B4%EC%BD%94%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="아나르코공산주의">아나르코공산주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%BD%94%EB%B1%85%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="자코뱅주의">신자코뱅주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A2%85%EA%B5%90%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="종교공산주의">종교공산주의</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="기독교 공산주의">기독교 공산주의</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;width:1%">국제조직</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98%EC%9E%90%EB%8F%99%EB%A7%B9" title="공산주의자동맹">공산주의자동맹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C%EB%85%B8%EB%8F%99%EC%9E%90%ED%98%91%ED%9A%8C_(1864%EB%85%84)" title="국제노동자협회 (1864년)">제1인터내셔널</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C2%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%82%B4%EC%85%94%EB%84%90" title="제2인터내셔널">제2인터내셔널</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EB%AF%BC%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B8" title="코민테른">제3인터내셔널</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C4%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%82%B4%EC%85%94%EB%84%90" title="제4인터내셔널">제4인터내셔널</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;width:1%">인물</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%9D%BC%ED%86%A4" title="플라톤">플라톤</a><small>(BC.5c - BC.4c)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%B0%EB%A7%88%EC%86%8C_%EC%BA%84%ED%8C%8C%EB%84%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="톰마소 캄파넬라">톰마소 캄파넬라</a><small>(1568 - 1639)</small></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_d%27Hupay" class="extiw" title="fr:Victor d&#39;Hupay">뷔토르 뒤파이</a><small>(1746 - 1818)</small></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">프랑수아노엘 바뵈프</a><small>(1760 - 1797)</small></li> <li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Weitling" class="extiw" title="de:Wilhelm Weitling">빌헬름 바이틀링</a><small>(1808 - 1871)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="카를 마르크스">카를 마르크스</a><small>(1818 - 1883)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%EC%97%A5%EA%B2%94%EC%8A%A4" title="프리드리히 엥겔스">프리드리히 엥겔스</a><small>(1820 - 1895)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%A5%B4_%EB%A0%88%EB%8B%8C" title="블라디미르 레닌">블라디미르 레닌</a><small>(1870 - 1924)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%9E%90_%EB%A3%A9%EC%85%88%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="로자 룩셈부르크">로자 룩셈부르크</a><small>(1871 - 1919)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%EB%A6%AC%ED%94%84%ED%81%AC%EB%84%A4%ED%9E%88%ED%8A%B8" title="카를 리프크네히트">카를 리프크네히트</a><small>(1871 - 1919)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%A4%EC%8B%9C%ED%94%84_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%88%EB%A6%B0" title="이오시프 스탈린">이오시프 스탈린</a><small>(1878 - 1953)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A8_%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%B8%A0%ED%82%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="레온 트로츠키">레온 트로츠키</a><small>(1879 - 1940)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EC%B9%98%EB%AF%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="호치민">호치민</a><small>(1890 - 1969)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%88%ED%86%A0%EB%8B%88%EC%98%A4_%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%8C%EC%8B%9C" title="안토니오 그람시">안토니오 그람시</a><small>(1891 - 1937)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EC%8B%9C%ED%94%84_%EB%B8%8C%EB%A1%9C%EC%A6%88_%ED%8B%B0%ED%86%A0" title="요시프 브로즈 티토">요시프 브로즈 티토</a><small>(1892 - 1980)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%98%A4%EC%A9%8C%EB%91%A5" title="마오쩌둥">마오쩌둥</a><small>(1893 - 1976)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%95%ED%97%8C%EC%98%81" title="박헌영">박헌영</a><small>(1900 - 1956)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%8C%8C%EB%88%84%EB%B4%89" title="수파누봉">수파누봉</a><small>(1909 - 1995)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B9%80%EC%9D%BC%EC%84%B1" title="김일성">김일성</a><small>(1912 - 1994)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A7%8C%EB%8D%B8" title="에르네스트 만델">에르네스트 만델</a><small>(1923 - 1995)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%ED%8F%AC%ED%8A%B8" title="폴 포트">폴 포트</a><small>(1925 - 1998)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EB%8D%B8_%EC%B9%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C" title="피델 카스트로">피델 카스트로</a><small>(1926 - 2016)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%B4_%EA%B2%8C%EB%B0%94%EB%9D%BC" title="체 게바라">체 게바라</a><small>(1928 - 1967)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%9E%AD_%EB%B0%94%EB%94%94%EC%9A%B0" title="알랭 바디우">알랭 바디우</a><small>(1937 - )</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9D%BC%EC%B0%AC%EB%8B%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="프라찬다">프라찬다</a><small>(1954 - )</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#D80020; color:white;;width:1%">관련 주제</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EA%B3%B5%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="반공주의">반공주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%ED%8C%8C%EC%8B%9C%EC%A6%98" title="반파시즘">반파시즘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84%ED%99%94%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" class="mw-redirect" title="반세계화운동">반세계화운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="반국민주의">반국민주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%B3%B8%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="자본주의">자본주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%83%89%EC%A0%84" title="냉전">냉전</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EB%8F%99%EC%B2%B4%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="공동체주의">공동체주의</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A0%95%EA%B6%8C%EC%9D%98_%EC%9D%B8%EB%8F%84%EC%97%90_%EB%B0%98%ED%95%9C_%EC%A3%84&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="공산정권의 인도에 반한 죄 (없는 문서)">공산정권의 인도에 반한 죄</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A0%95%EA%B6%8C%EC%9D%98_%ED%95%99%EC%82%B4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="공산정권의 학살 (없는 문서)">학살</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EB%8B%B9_%ED%86%B5%EC%B9%98_%EB%B9%84%ED%8C%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="공산당 통치 비판 (없는 문서)">공산당 통치 비판</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="국제주의">국제주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C%EA%B3%B5%EB%8F%99%EC%B2%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="국제공동체">국제공동체</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A2%8C%EC%9D%B5" title="좌익">좌익</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%A2%8C%ED%8C%8C" title="구좌파">구좌파</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%A2%8C%ED%8C%8C" title="신좌파">신좌파</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%8B%A0%EA%B3%84%EA%B8%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="신계급 (없는 문서)">신계급</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%83%88%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="탈공산주의">탈공산주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%81%EC%83%89%EA%B3%B5%ED%8F%AC" title="적색공포">적색공포</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85" title="혁명">혁명</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C2%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84" title="제2세계">제2세계</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C3%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84" title="제3세계">제3세계</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="사회주의">사회주의</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="민주사회주의">민주사회주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0%EC%A7%80%EC%83%81%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="자유지상주의적 사회주의">자유지상주의적 사회주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" class="mw-redirect" title="혁명사회주의">혁명사회주의</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="사회민주주의">사회민주주의</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="사회주의 경제 (없는 문서)">사회주의 경제</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%83%9D%EC%82%B0%EC%96%91%EC%8B%9D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="사회주의적 생산양식 (없는 문서)">사회주의적 생산양식</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EB%94%94%EC%B9%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%B4" title="생디칼리슴">생디칼리슴</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%9C3%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="제3세계주의 (없는 문서)">제3세계주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%8F%99%EC%A1%B0%ED%95%A9" title="노동조합">노동조합</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%8F%99%EC%9E%90_%ED%98%91%EB%8F%99%EC%A1%B0%ED%95%A9" title="노동자 협동조합">노동자 협동조합</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="전거_통제_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189714#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="전거_통제_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189714#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189714#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국제</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/40063/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121347618">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/59078391">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjHfvvGc4XTrC87dCR3Qq">월드캣</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국가</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/96001221">노르웨이</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX956509">스페인</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11889769d">프랑스</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11889769d">BnF 데이터</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&amp;local_base=BNA10&amp;doc_number=000026190">아르헨티나</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118505467">독일</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007258050305171">이스라엘</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000138056">핀란드</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14205842">벨기에</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79084453">미국</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/53hkk79p5t8jmsr">스웨덴</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00620309">일본</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=jn20000400046&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">체코</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35011498">오스트레일리아</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record117273">그리스</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&amp;doc_number=000099504&amp;local_base=nsk10">크로아티아</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069390177">네덜란드</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&amp;NU=1&amp;IM=4&amp;WI=9810540936705606">폴란드</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&amp;NU=1&amp;IM=4&amp;WI=9810575651505606">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/107652">포르투갈</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&amp;url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&amp;id=495/29711">바티칸</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">학술</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02999688?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">인물</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118505467.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/789023">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기타</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 364.395 1 -total 37.51% 136.669 1 틀:위키데이터_속성_추적 27.02% 98.465 1 틀:공산주의_꼬리말 26.55% 96.759 1 틀:둘러보기_상자 15.29% 55.712 1 틀:전거_통제 9.91% 36.099 1 틀:Sfnp 5.58% 20.327 1 틀:위키공용-줄 5.22% 19.012 1 틀:Sister-inline 4.55% 16.566 1 틀:각주 1.05% 3.821 1 틀:PAGENAMEBASE --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key kowiki:pcache:idhash:50719-0!canonical and timestamp 20241118042033 and revision id 37197658. 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