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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Winners_and_nominees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1984" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1984"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>1984</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1984-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1985" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1985"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>1985</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1985-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1986" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1986"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>1986</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1986-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1987" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1987"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>1987</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1987-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1988" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1988"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>1988</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1988-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1989" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1989"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>1989</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1989-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>1990</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1991" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1991"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>1991</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1991-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1992" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1992"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>1992</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1992-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1993" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1993"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>1993</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1993-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1994" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1994"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.11</span> <span>1994</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1994-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1995" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1995"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.12</span> <span>1995</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1995-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1996" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1996"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.13</span> <span>1996</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1996-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1997" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1997"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.14</span> <span>1997</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1997-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1998" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1998"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.15</span> <span>1998</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1998-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1999" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1999"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.16</span> <span>1999</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1999-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.17</span> <span>2000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2001" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2001"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.18</span> <span>2001</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2001-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2002" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2002"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.19</span> <span>2002</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2002-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2003" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2003"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.20</span> <span>2003</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2003-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2004" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2004"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.21</span> <span>2004</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2004-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2005" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2005"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.22</span> <span>2005</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2005-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2006" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2006"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.23</span> <span>2006</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2006-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2007" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.24</span> <span>2007</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2008" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.25</span> <span>2008</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2009" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2009"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.26</span> <span>2009</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2009-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.27</span> <span>2010</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2011" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.28</span> <span>2011</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.29</span> <span>2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2013" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2013"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.30</span> <span>2013</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.31</span> <span>2014</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2015" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.32</span> <span>2015</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.33</span> <span>2016</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.34</span> <span>2017</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.35</span> <span>2018</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.36</span> <span>2019</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.37</span> <span>2020</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.38</span> <span>2021</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.39</span> <span>2022</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2023" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2023"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.40</span> <span>2023</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2023-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2024" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2024"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.41</span> <span>2024</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2024-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_perception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_perception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Public perception</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Public_perception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Public perception subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Public_perception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_favour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_favour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>In favour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_favour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opposed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Opposed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternative_and_spoof_prizes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_and_spoof_prizes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Alternative and spoof prizes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_and_spoof_prizes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Turner Prize</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1" title="جائزة تيرنر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جائزة تيرنر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner_Prize" title="Turner Prize – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Turner Prize" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premi_Turner" title="Premi Turner – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Premi Turner" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnerova_cena" title="Turnerova cena – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Turnerova cena" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwobr_Turner" title="Gwobr Turner – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwobr Turner" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner_Prize" title="Turner Prize – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Turner Prize" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turneri_auhind" title="Turneri auhind – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Turneri auhind" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CE%A4%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Βραβείο Τέρνερ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βραβείο Τέρνερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Turner" title="Premio Turner – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Premio Turner" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner_Saria" title="Turner Saria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Turner Saria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1" title="جایزه ترنر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جایزه ترنر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prix_Turner" title="Prix Turner – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Prix Turner" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%84%B0%EB%84%88_%EC%83%81" title="터너 상 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="터너 상" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A8%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%B4%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Թըրների մրցանակ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թըրների մրցանակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner_Prize" title="Turner Prize – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Turner Prize" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A1_%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A8" title="פרס טרנר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרס טרנר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner_Prize" title="Turner Prize – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Turner Prize" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E8%B3%9E" title="ターナー賞 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ターナー賞" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnerprisen" title="Turnerprisen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Turnerprisen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagroda_Turnera" title="Nagroda Turnera – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nagroda Turnera" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9mio_Turner" title="Prémio Turner – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Prémio Turner" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premiul_Turner" title="Premiul Turner – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Premiul Turner" data-language-autonym="Română" 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href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner-palkinto" title="Turner-palkinto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Turner-palkinto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnerpriset" title="Turnerpriset – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Turnerpriset" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC" title="Turner Ödülü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Turner Ödülü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Annual prize presented to a British artist</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tate_Britain_(5822081512)_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tate_Britain_%285822081512%29_%282%29.jpg/220px-Tate_Britain_%285822081512%29_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tate_Britain_%285822081512%29_%282%29.jpg/330px-Tate_Britain_%285822081512%29_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tate_Britain_%285822081512%29_%282%29.jpg/440px-Tate_Britain_%285822081512%29_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4744" data-file-height="3452" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a>: usual venue for the awarding of the Turner Prize.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Turner Prize</b>, named after the English painter <a href="/wiki/J._M._W._Turner" title="J. M. W. Turner">J. M. W. Turner</a>, is an annual prize presented to a British visual artist. Between 1991 and 2016, only artists under the age of 50 were eligible (this restriction was removed for the 2017 award). The prize is awarded at <a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a> every other year, with various venues outside of London being used in alternate years.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since its beginnings in 1984 it has become the UK's most publicised art award. The award represents all media. </p><p>As of 2004, the monetary award was established at £40,000. There have been different sponsors, including <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a> television and <a href="/wiki/Gordon%27s_Gin" title="Gordon's Gin">Gordon's Gin</a>. A prominent event in <a href="/wiki/British_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="British culture">British culture</a>, the prize has been awarded by various distinguished celebrities: in 2006 this was <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>, and in 2012 it was presented by <a href="/wiki/Jude_Law" title="Jude Law">Jude Law</a>. </p><p>It is a controversial event, mainly for the exhibits, such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Physical_Impossibility_of_Death_in_the_Mind_of_Someone_Living" title="The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living">The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living</a></i> – a shark in formaldehyde by <a href="/wiki/Damien_Hirst" title="Damien Hirst">Damien Hirst</a> – and <i><a href="/wiki/My_Bed" title="My Bed">My Bed</a></i>, a dishevelled bed by <a href="/wiki/Tracey_Emin" title="Tracey Emin">Tracey Emin</a>. Controversy has also come from other directions, including Culture Minister <a href="/wiki/Kim_Howells" title="Kim Howells">Kim Howells</a> criticising exhibits, a guest of honour (<a href="/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madonna (entertainer)">Madonna</a>) swearing, prize judge <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Barber" title="Lynn Barber">Lynn Barber</a> writing in the press, and a speech by Sir <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Serota" title="Nicholas Serota">Nicholas Serota</a> about the purchase of <a href="/wiki/The_Upper_Room_(paintings)" title="The Upper Room (paintings)">a trustee's work</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The prize was named after Turner, because, though he is now considered one of the country's greatest artists, when he was active, his work was controversial.<sup id="cite_ref-origin_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origin-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While he is now looked at as a traditionalist, his new approach to landscape painting changed the course of art history, as many of the Turner Prize winners aspire to do.<sup id="cite_ref-origin_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origin-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each year after the announcement of the four nominees and during the build-up to the announcement of the winner, the Prize receives intense attention from the media. Much of this attention is critical and the question is often asked, "Is this art?"<sup id="cite_ref-art1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-art1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-art2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-art2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The shortlisted and winning artists are chosen by the prize's jury based upon a showing of their work that they have staged in the preceding year. Nominations for the prize are usually invited from the public, although these suggestions are not a significant part of the selection process according to <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Barber" title="Lynn Barber">Lynn Barber</a>, one of the 2006 judges.<sup id="cite_ref-suffered_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-suffered-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Public nominations were not actively sought for the prize in 2020 or 2021 "given the uncertainties of lockdown".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shortlist (usually of four or five artists) is announced in July; a show of the nominees' work opens at Tate Britain in late October; the prize itself is announced at the beginning of December. The exhibition remains on view until January. The prize is officially not judged on the Tate show, however, but on the earlier exhibition for which the artist was nominated. </p><p>The exhibition and prize rely on commercial <a href="/wiki/Sponsor_(commercial)" title="Sponsor (commercial)">sponsorship</a>. By 1987, money for the prize was provided by <a href="/wiki/Drexel_Burnham_Lambert" title="Drexel Burnham Lambert">Drexel Burnham Lambert</a>; its withdrawal after its demise led to the cancellation of the prize for 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>, an independent television channel, stepped in for 1991, doubling the prize money to £20,000, and supporting the event with documentaries and live broadcasts of the prize-giving. Channel 4's head of arts at the time, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_Januszczak" title="Waldemar Januszczak">Waldemar Januszczak</a>, was influential in helping set the format for the prize in the following years, such as arguing for the age limit of 50 that was in place from 1991 until 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, they were replaced as sponsors by <a href="/wiki/Gordon%27s_Gin" title="Gordon's Gin">Gordon's Gin</a>, doubling the prize money to £40,000,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with £5,000 going to each of the shortlisted artists, and £25,000 to the winner. At a press conference for the 2019 prize, bus operator <a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_Group" title="Stagecoach Group">Stagecoach</a> were announced as the lead sponsors of that year's prize, drawing questions from journalists as to whether the company was an appropriate sponsor, due to the chairman <a href="/wiki/Brian_Souter" title="Brian Souter">Brian Souter</a>'s support of <a href="/wiki/Section_28" title="Section 28">Section 28</a> laws and campaigning against the legalisation of <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was announced the following day that Tate and <a href="/wiki/Turner_Contemporary" title="Turner Contemporary">Turner Contemporary</a> (the gallery hosting that year's prize) had mutually agreed to terminate the sponsorship with Stagecoach.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As much as the shortlist of artists reflects the state of British Art, the composition of the panel of judges, which includes curators and critics, provides some indication of who holds influence institutionally and internationally, as well as who are rising stars. Former Tate Director Sir <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Serota" title="Nicholas Serota">Nicholas Serota</a> was the Chair of the jury from the start of his tenure at the Tate in 1988 until 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are conflicting reports as to how much personal sway he has over the proceedings.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (January 2019)">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The media success of the Turner Prize contributed to the success of (and was in turn helped by) such late 1990s phenomena as the <a href="/wiki/Young_British_Artists" title="Young British Artists">Young British Artists</a> (several of whom were nominees and winners), <a href="/wiki/Cool_Britannia" title="Cool Britannia">Cool Britannia</a>, and exhibitions such as the <a href="/wiki/Charles_Saatchi" title="Charles Saatchi">Charles Saatchi</a>-sponsored <i><a href="/wiki/Sensation_exhibition" class="mw-redirect" title="Sensation exhibition">Sensation</a></i> exhibition. </p><p>Most of the artists nominated for the prize selection become known to the general public for the first time as a consequence. Some have talked of the difficulty of the sudden media exposure. Sale prices of the winners have generally increased.<sup id="cite_ref-serious_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-serious-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Ofili" title="Chris Ofili">Chris Ofili</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anish_Kapoor" title="Anish Kapoor">Anish Kapoor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Deller" title="Jeremy Deller">Jeremy Deller</a> later became trustees of the Tate. Some artists, including <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Lucas" title="Sarah Lucas">Sarah Lucas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Julian_Opie" title="Julian Opie">Julian Opie</a>, have declined the invitation to be nominated.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Winners_and_nominees">Winners and nominees</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Winners and nominees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a list of winners and nominees, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_Turner_Prize_winners_and_nominees" title="List of Turner Prize winners and nominees">List of Turner Prize winners and nominees</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The identity of the Turner Prize is deeply associated with <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">conceptual art</a>. For two of its first editions, <a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Language" title="Art & Language">Art & Language</a> was nominated in 1986, and <a href="/wiki/Terry_Atkinson" title="Terry Atkinson">Terry Atkinson</a>, one of the founders and historical member of Art & Language, was nominated in 1985. </p><p>In 2000, Tillmans was the first photographer and first non-British artist to receive the Turner Prize. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1984">1984</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1984"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Morley" title="Malcolm Morley">Malcolm Morley</a> is awarded the inaugural Turner Prize for his installation of two oil-on-canvas paintings inspired by a trip to Greece. Morley's win sparked controversy because he had been living in New York for the previous 20 years. Other nominees included <a href="/wiki/Richard_Long_(artist)" title="Richard Long (artist)">Richard Long</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Deacon_(sculptor)" title="Richard Deacon (sculptor)">Richard Deacon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_%26_George" title="Gilbert & George">Gilbert & George</a>, all of whom went on to win the Turner Prize themselves. The prize was awarded by <a href="/wiki/Grey_Ruthven,_2nd_Earl_of_Gowrie" class="mw-redirect" title="Grey Ruthven, 2nd Earl of Gowrie">Lord Gowrie</a>, Minister for the Arts at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1985">1985</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1985"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Howard_Hodgkin" title="Howard Hodgkin">Howard Hodgkin</a> was awarded the Turner Prize for <i>A Small Thing But My Own</i>. Other nominees included <a href="/wiki/Terry_Atkinson" title="Terry Atkinson">Terry Atkinson</a>, sculptor <a href="/wiki/Tony_Cragg" title="Tony Cragg">Tony Cragg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Hamilton_Finlay" title="Ian Hamilton Finlay">Ian Hamilton Finlay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milena_Kalinovska" title="Milena Kalinovska">Milena Kalinovska</a> and painting/printing artist <a href="/wiki/John_Walker_(painter)" title="John Walker (painter)">John Walker</a>. The prize was awarded by celebrity presenter Sir <a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1986">1986</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1986"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The controversial art duo <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_%26_George" title="Gilbert & George">Gilbert & George</a> were awarded the prize after a previous nomination in 1984. Other nominees included <a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Language" title="Art & Language">Art & Language</a> (collaborative group composed of Michael Baldwin and Mel Ramsden), sculpture/printing artist <a href="/wiki/Victor_Burgin" title="Victor Burgin">Victor Burgin</a>, painter <a href="/wiki/Derek_Jarman" title="Derek Jarman">Derek Jarman</a>, painter <a href="/wiki/Stephen_McKenna_(artist)" title="Stephen McKenna (artist)">Stephen McKenna</a> and sculptor <a href="/wiki/Bill_Woodrow" title="Bill Woodrow">Bill Woodrow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1987">1987</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1987"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sculpture artist <a href="/wiki/Richard_Deacon_(sculptor)" title="Richard Deacon (sculptor)">Richard Deacon</a> was awarded the prize. Other nominees included graphic-style painter/printer <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Caulfield" title="Patrick Caulfield">Patrick Caulfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Chadwick" title="Helen Chadwick">Helen Chadwick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Long_(artist)" title="Richard Long (artist)">Richard Long</a>, <a href="/wiki/Declan_McGonagle" title="Declan McGonagle">Declan McGonagle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Oulton" title="Thérèse Oulton">Thérèse Oulton</a>. The prize was presented by <a href="/wiki/George_Melly" title="George Melly">George Melly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1988">1988</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1988"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sculpture artist <a href="/wiki/Tony_Cragg" title="Tony Cragg">Tony Cragg</a> was awarded the prize by <a href="/wiki/Alan_Yentob" title="Alan Yentob">Alan Yentob</a>. Other nominees included figurative/portrait painter <a href="/wiki/Lucian_Freud" title="Lucian Freud">Lucian Freud</a>, Pop artist <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hamilton_(artist)" title="Richard Hamilton (artist)">Richard Hamilton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Long_(artist)" title="Richard Long (artist)">Richard Long</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Mach" title="David Mach">David Mach</a> (graduate of <a href="/wiki/Duncan_of_Jordanstone_College_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art">Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art</a>), printer Boyd Webb, sculptor <a href="/wiki/Alison_Wilding" title="Alison Wilding">Alison Wilding</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wilson_(sculptor)" title="Richard Wilson (sculptor)">Richard Wilson</a>. The appointment of Tate Director Nicholas Serota led to many changes such as the introduction of an annual rehang of the Collection and giving priority to modern and contemporary art. During this period the future of the Prize was uncertain. The Turner Prize was modified to be an artist-only prize without a published shortlist and a solo exhibition was awarded to the winner, Tony Cragg.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1989">1989</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1989"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sculpture and installation artist <a href="/wiki/Richard_Long_(artist)" title="Richard Long (artist)">Richard Long</a> was presented with the prize after three previous nominations. Controversially, Long was awarded for his lifetime body of work rather than an exhibition of work in 1989. Other nominees included painter <a href="/wiki/Gillian_Ayres" title="Gillian Ayres">Gillian Ayres</a>, figurative painter <a href="/wiki/Lucian_Freud" title="Lucian Freud">Lucian Freud</a>, sculptor <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Penone" title="Giuseppe Penone">Giuseppe Penone</a>, painter <a href="/wiki/Paula_Rego" title="Paula Rego">Paula Rego</a>, abstract painter <a href="/wiki/Sean_Scully" title="Sean Scully">Sean Scully</a> and Richard Wilson. Italian-born Giuseppe Penone became the first foreign artist to be nominated for the strength of his exhibitions in Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990">1990</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1990"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>No prize was awarded due to lack of sponsorship. Under Tate Director and Turner Prize chairman Nicholas Serota, changes are made to involve the public in the viewing of the nominated artist such as a published shortlist, a nomination of four shortlisted artists and an individual exhibition of nominated work within the Tate.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991">1991</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1991"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Anish_Kapoor" title="Anish Kapoor">Anish Kapoor</a> received the prize for an untitled piece in sandstone and pigment. Other nominees included abstract painters <a href="/wiki/Ian_Davenport_(artist)" title="Ian Davenport (artist)">Ian Davenport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiona_Rae" title="Fiona Rae">Fiona Rae</a> and sculptor <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Whiteread" title="Rachel Whiteread">Rachel Whiteread</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1992">1992</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1992"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Grenville_Davey" title="Grenville Davey">Grenville Davey</a> received the prize for <i>HAL</i>, a work consisting of two abstract steel objects, each measuring 244 x 122 cm (96 x 48 in). Other nominees included the Young British Artist (yBA) Damien Hirst for his installations, photographer <a href="/wiki/David_Tremlett" title="David Tremlett">David Tremlett</a> and sculptor Alison Wilding.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1993">1993</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1993"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Whiteread" title="Rachel Whiteread">Rachel Whiteread</a> was the winner for <i><a href="/wiki/House_(sculpture)" title="House (sculpture)">House</a></i>, a concrete cast of the inside of a house on Grove Road, near Roman Road, London E3. <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Cauty" title="Jimmy Cauty">Jimmy Cauty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Drummond" title="Bill Drummond">Bill Drummond</a> of the <a href="/wiki/K_Foundation" title="K Foundation">K Foundation</a> received media coverage for the award of the "<a href="/wiki/K_Foundation_art_award" title="K Foundation art award">Anti-Turner Prize</a>", £40,000 to be given to the "worst artist in Britain", voted from the real Turner Prize's short-list. Rachel Whiteread was awarded their prize. She refused to accept the money at first, but changed her mind when she heard the cash was to be burned instead, and gave £30,000 of it to artists in financial need and the other £10,000 to the housing charity, <a href="/wiki/Shelter_(charity)" title="Shelter (charity)">Shelter</a>. The K Foundation went on to make a film in which they burned £1 million of their own money (<i><a href="/wiki/Watch_the_K_Foundation_Burn_a_Million_Quid" class="mw-redirect" title="Watch the K Foundation Burn a Million Quid">Watch the K Foundation Burn a Million Quid</a></i>). Other nominees included painter <a href="/wiki/Sean_Scully" title="Sean Scully">Sean Scully</a>, Laotian-born <a href="/wiki/Vong_Phaophanit" title="Vong Phaophanit">Vong Phaophanit</a> and printer <a href="/wiki/Hannah_Collins" title="Hannah Collins">Hannah Collins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1994">1994</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1994"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Popular sculptor <a href="/wiki/Antony_Gormley" title="Antony Gormley">Antony Gormley</a> was awarded the 1994 Turner Prize. Other nominees included video artist Northern Irish-born <a href="/wiki/Willie_Doherty" title="Willie Doherty">Willie Doherty</a>, whose work <i>The Only Good One Is A Dead One</i> was the first video piece to be nominated for the prize, painter <a href="/wiki/Peter_Doig" title="Peter Doig">Peter Doig</a> and multi-media <a href="/wiki/Shirazeh_Houshiary" title="Shirazeh Houshiary">Shirazeh Houshiary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1995">1995</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1995"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Damien_Hirst" title="Damien Hirst">Damien Hirst</a> was awarded the 1995 Turner Prize, which included his notorious sculpture <i>Mother and Child, Divided</i>. Other nominees included Lebanese-born installation/video artist <a href="/wiki/Mona_Hatoum" title="Mona Hatoum">Mona Hatoum</a>, abstract painter <a href="/wiki/Callum_Innes" title="Callum Innes">Callum Innes</a> and multi-media artist <a href="/wiki/Mark_Wallinger" title="Mark Wallinger">Mark Wallinger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1996">1996</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 1996"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Gordon" title="Douglas Gordon">Douglas Gordon</a> became the first video artist to win the Turner Prize. Other nominees included photographer <a href="/wiki/Craigie_Horsfield" title="Craigie Horsfield">Craigie Horsfield</a>, painter <a href="/wiki/Gary_Hume" title="Gary Hume">Gary Hume</a> and installation artist <a href="/wiki/Simon_Patterson_(artist)" title="Simon Patterson (artist)">Simon Patterson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1997">1997</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 1997"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tracey_Emin_1-cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Tracey_Emin_1-cropped.jpg/170px-Tracey_Emin_1-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Tracey_Emin_1-cropped.jpg/255px-Tracey_Emin_1-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Tracey_Emin_1-cropped.jpg/340px-Tracey_Emin_1-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1031" data-file-height="1387" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tracey_Emin" title="Tracey Emin">Tracey Emin</a>, debate controversy in 1997, nominee in 1999.</figcaption></figure> <p>The winner, <a href="/wiki/Gillian_Wearing" title="Gillian Wearing">Gillian Wearing</a>, showed a video <i>60 minutes of Silence</i> (1996), where a group of actors were dressed in police uniforms and had to stand still for an hour (occasional surreptitious scratching could be observed). </p><p>A drunken <a href="/wiki/Tracey_Emin" title="Tracey Emin">Tracey Emin</a> walked out of a live Channel 4 discussion programme, presented as part of the coverage of the award. The discussion was chaired by <a href="/wiki/Tim_Marlow" title="Tim Marlow">Tim Marlow</a> and also included <a href="/wiki/Roger_Scruton" title="Roger Scruton">Roger Scruton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_Januszczak" title="Waldemar Januszczak">Waldemar Januszczak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Cork" title="Richard Cork">Richard Cork</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Sylvester" title="David Sylvester">David Sylvester</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norman_Rosenthal" title="Norman Rosenthal">Norman Rosenthal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emin wrote about the incident in her 2005 book <i>Strangeland</i>, describing her shock at reading <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> writeup the following day.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This was the only time in history with an all-female shortlist including sculptor <a href="/wiki/Christine_Borland" title="Christine Borland">Christine Borland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angela_Bulloch" title="Angela Bulloch">Angela Bulloch</a> and sculptor <a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Parker" title="Cornelia Parker">Cornelia Parker</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1998">1998</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 1998"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The talking point was <a href="/wiki/Chris_Ofili" title="Chris Ofili">Chris Ofili</a>'s use of balls of elephant dung attached to his mixed media images on canvas, as well as being used as supports on the floor to prop them up. An illustrator deposited dung on the steps in protest against his work. Ofili won the prize and it was the first time in twelve years that a painter had done so; it was presented by French fashion designer <a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_b." title="Agnès b.">agnès b.</a><sup id="cite_ref-dung_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dung-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ofili joked, "Oh man. Thank God! Where's my cheque?" and said: "I don't know what to say. I am just really happy. I can't believe it. It feels like a film and I will watch the tape when I get home."<sup id="cite_ref-dung_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dung-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of Ofili's works, <i><a href="/wiki/No_Woman_No_Cry_(painting)" title="No Woman No Cry (painting)">No Woman No Cry</a></i> is based on the <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Stephen_Lawrence" title="Murder of Stephen Lawrence">murder of Stephen Lawrence</a>, killed in a race attack.<sup id="cite_ref-dung_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dung-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The jury included musician <a href="/wiki/Neil_Tennant" title="Neil Tennant">Neil Tennant</a>, author <a href="/wiki/Marina_Warner" title="Marina Warner">Marina Warner</a>, curator Fumio Nanjo and <a href="/wiki/British_Council" title="British Council">British Council</a> officer Ann Gallagher, chaired by Nicholas Serota.<sup id="cite_ref-dung_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dung-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other nominees included installation artist <a href="/wiki/Tacita_Dean" title="Tacita Dean">Tacita Dean</a>, sculptor <a href="/wiki/Cathy_de_Monchaux" title="Cathy de Monchaux">Cathy de Monchaux</a> and video artist <a href="/wiki/Sam_Taylor-Wood" class="mw-redirect" title="Sam Taylor-Wood">Sam Taylor-Wood</a>. In addition to being the first black person to win the prize, Ofili also became the first painter to win since Howard Hodgkin in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1999">1999</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 1999"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Steve_McQueen_TIFF_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Steve_McQueen_TIFF_2013.jpg/220px-Steve_McQueen_TIFF_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Steve_McQueen_TIFF_2013.jpg/330px-Steve_McQueen_TIFF_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Steve_McQueen_TIFF_2013.jpg/440px-Steve_McQueen_TIFF_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="4100" /></a><figcaption>Director Steve McQueen at the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_International_Film_Festival" title="Toronto International Film Festival">Toronto International Film Festival</a>, September 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>The Prize was given to <a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> for his video based on a <a href="/wiki/Buster_Keaton" title="Buster Keaton">Buster Keaton</a> film. Some media attention was given to <a href="/wiki/Tracey_Emin" title="Tracey Emin">Tracey Emin</a>'s exhibit <i><a href="/wiki/My_Bed" title="My Bed">My Bed</a>,</i> which was a double bed in a dishevelled state with stained sheets, surrounded by detritus such as soiled underwear, condoms, slippers and empty drink bottles. Two artists, <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Chai_and_Jian_Jun_Xi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuan Chai and Jian Jun Xi">Yuan Chai and Jian Jun Xi</a>, jumped onto the bed, stripped to their underwear, and had a pillow fight. Police detained the two, who called their performance <i>Two Naked Men Jump into Tracey's Bed</i>. Other nominees included <a href="/wiki/Steven_Pippin" title="Steven Pippin">Steven Pippin</a> and collaborative sibling duo <a href="/wiki/Jane_and_Louise_Wilson" title="Jane and Louise Wilson">Jane and Louise Wilson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000">2000</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: 2000"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:02_wolfgang-tillmans_koeln_gal_buchholz_120107.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/02_wolfgang-tillmans_koeln_gal_buchholz_120107.jpg/170px-02_wolfgang-tillmans_koeln_gal_buchholz_120107.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/02_wolfgang-tillmans_koeln_gal_buchholz_120107.jpg/255px-02_wolfgang-tillmans_koeln_gal_buchholz_120107.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/02_wolfgang-tillmans_koeln_gal_buchholz_120107.jpg/340px-02_wolfgang-tillmans_koeln_gal_buchholz_120107.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1901" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Tillmans" title="Wolfgang Tillmans">Wolfgang Tillmans</a>, winner in 2000</figcaption></figure> <p>The prize was won by <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Tillmans" title="Wolfgang Tillmans">Wolfgang Tillmans</a>. Other entries included a large painting by <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Brown_(artist)" title="Glenn Brown (artist)">Glenn Brown</a> based very closely on a science fiction illustration published some years previously.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Raedecker" title="Michael Raedecker">Michael Raedecker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tomoko_Takahashi" title="Tomoko Takahashi">Tomoko Takahashi</a> were also nominated. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2000_Stuckist_Turner_demo_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/2000_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg/220px-2000_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/2000_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg/330px-2000_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/2000_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg/440px-2000_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption>First <a href="/wiki/Stuckist_demonstrations" title="Stuckist demonstrations">Stuckist demonstration</a>, 2000</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Stuckism" title="Stuckism">Stuckist</a> art group staged their <a href="/wiki/Stuckist_demonstrations#2000" title="Stuckist demonstrations">first demonstration</a> against the prize, dressed as clowns, describing it as an "ongoing national joke" and "a state-funded advertising agency for <a href="/wiki/Charles_Saatchi" title="Charles Saatchi">Charles Saatchi</a>", adding "the only artist who wouldn't be in danger of winning the Turner Prize is Turner", and concluding that it "should be re-named The <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Duchamp</a> Award for the destruction of artistic integrity". <i>The Guardian</i> announced the winner of Turner Prize with the headline "Turner Winner Riles the Stuckists".<sup id="cite_ref-riles_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riles-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2001">2001</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: 2001"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_Jacqueline_Crofton_by_Charles_Thomson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Photograph_of_Jacqueline_Crofton_by_Charles_Thomson.jpg/170px-Photograph_of_Jacqueline_Crofton_by_Charles_Thomson.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Photograph_of_Jacqueline_Crofton_by_Charles_Thomson.jpg/255px-Photograph_of_Jacqueline_Crofton_by_Charles_Thomson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Photograph_of_Jacqueline_Crofton_by_Charles_Thomson.jpg/340px-Photograph_of_Jacqueline_Crofton_by_Charles_Thomson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="381" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Jacqueline Crofton threw eggs in protest at winner <a href="/wiki/Martin_Creed" title="Martin Creed">Martin Creed</a>'s entry.</figcaption></figure> <p>Controversy was caused by winner <a href="/wiki/Martin_Creed" title="Martin Creed">Martin Creed</a>'s installation <i><a href="/wiki/Work_No._227:_The_lights_going_on_and_off" title="Work No. 227: The lights going on and off">Work No. 227: The lights going on and off</a></i> consisting of an empty room whose lighting periodically came on and went off. Artist Jacqueline Crofton threw eggs at the walls of the room containing Creed's work as a protest.<sup id="cite_ref-turnerprotests_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turnerprotests-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the prize ceremony, <a href="/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madonna (entertainer)">Madonna</a> gave him the prize and said, "At a time when political correctness is valued over honesty I would also like to say "Right on, motherfuckers!".<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was on live TV before the 9 pm <a href="/wiki/Watershed_(television)" class="mw-redirect" title="Watershed (television)">watershed</a> and an attempt to <a href="/wiki/Bleep_censor" title="Bleep censor">"bleep" it out</a> was too late. Channel 4 were subsequently given an official rebuke by the Independent Television Commission.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other nominees included photographer <a href="/wiki/Richard_Billingham" title="Richard Billingham">Richard Billingham</a>, video/installation artist (and now film director) <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Julien" title="Isaac Julien">Isaac Julien</a> and installation artist <a href="/wiki/Mike_Nelson_(artist)" title="Mike Nelson (artist)">Mike Nelson</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2002">2002</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: 2002"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The media focused on a large display by <a href="/wiki/Fiona_Banner" title="Fiona Banner">Fiona Banner</a> whose wall-size text piece, <i>Arsewoman in Wonderland,</i> described a <a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">pornographic</a> film in detail. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> asked, "It's art. But is it porn?" calling in "Britain's biggest porn star", <a href="/wiki/Ben_Dover" title="Ben Dover">Ben Dover</a>, to comment.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Culture Minister <a href="/wiki/Kim_Howells" title="Kim Howells">Kim Howells</a> made a scathing criticism of the exhibits as "conceptual bullshit". <a href="/wiki/Charles,_Prince_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles, Prince of Wales">Prince Charles</a> wrote to him: "It's good to hear your refreshing common sense about the dreaded Turner prize. It has contaminated the art establishment for so long."<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Graffiti artist <a href="/wiki/Banksy" title="Banksy">Banksy</a> stencilled "Mind the crap" on the steps of the Tate, who called in emergency cleaners to remove it.<sup id="cite_ref-turnerprotests_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turnerprotests-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prize was won by <a href="/wiki/Keith_Tyson" title="Keith Tyson">Keith Tyson</a>. </p><p>Other nominees included <a href="/wiki/Liam_Gillick" title="Liam Gillick">Liam Gillick</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Yass" title="Catherine Yass">Catherine Yass</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2003">2003</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: 2003"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:800px-Alan_Yentob_and_Grayson_Perry_crop_more.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/800px-Alan_Yentob_and_Grayson_Perry_crop_more.jpg/170px-800px-Alan_Yentob_and_Grayson_Perry_crop_more.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/800px-Alan_Yentob_and_Grayson_Perry_crop_more.jpg/255px-800px-Alan_Yentob_and_Grayson_Perry_crop_more.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/800px-Alan_Yentob_and_Grayson_Perry_crop_more.jpg 2x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="358" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Grayson_Perry" title="Grayson Perry">Grayson Perry</a>, winner in 2003</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Jake_and_Dinos_Chapman" title="Jake and Dinos Chapman">Jake and Dinos Chapman</a> caused press attention for a sculpture, <i>Death</i>, that appeared to be two cheap plastic blow-up sex dolls with a dildo. It was in fact made of bronze, painted to look like plastic.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Attention was also given to <a href="/wiki/Grayson_Perry" title="Grayson Perry">Grayson Perry</a> who exhibited pots decorated with sexual imagery, and was the prize winner. He wore a flouncy skirt to collect the prize, announced by Sir <a href="/wiki/Peter_Blake_(artist)" title="Peter Blake (artist)">Peter Blake</a>, who said, after being introduced by Sir Nicholas Serota, "Thank you very much Nick. I'm quite surprised to be here tonight, because two days ago I had a phone call asking if I would be a judge for the <i>Not the Turner Prize</i>. And two years ago I was asked by the <a href="/wiki/Stuckism" title="Stuckism">Stuckists</a> to dress as a clown and come and be on the steps outside, so I am thrilled and slightly surprised to be here."<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other nominees included <a href="/wiki/Willie_Doherty" title="Willie Doherty">Willie Doherty</a> (his second nomination since 1994) and <a href="/wiki/Anya_Gallaccio" title="Anya Gallaccio">Anya Gallaccio</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2004">2004</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: 2004"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The media focused on a large computer simulation of a former hideout of <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> by <a href="/wiki/Langlands_and_Bell" class="mw-redirect" title="Langlands and Bell">Ben Langlands and Nikki Bell</a>, as well as the fact that one of their exhibits, a film in a <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> courtroom was withdrawn as it related to an ongoing trial of a suspected Afghan warlord.<sup id="cite_ref-serious_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-serious-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Betting favourite <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Deller" title="Jeremy Deller">Jeremy Deller</a> won the prize with his film <i>Memory Bucket</i>, documenting both <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>'s hometown <a href="/wiki/Crawford,_Texas" title="Crawford, Texas">Crawford, Texas</a> – and <a href="/wiki/Waco_Siege" class="mw-redirect" title="Waco Siege">the siege in Waco</a> nearby. The prize money was increased this year with £25,000 to the winner, and, for the first time, other nominees were rewarded (with £5,000 each). </p><p>Other nominees included <a href="/wiki/Kutlu%C4%9F_Ataman" title="Kutluğ Ataman">Kutluğ Ataman</a> and installation/photograph/sculpture artist <a href="/wiki/Yinka_Shonibare" title="Yinka Shonibare">Yinka Shonibare</a>, who was tipped as the public's favourite among the other nominees. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2005">2005</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: 2005"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2005_Stuckist_Turner_demo_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/2005_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg/220px-2005_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/2005_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg/330px-2005_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/2005_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg/440px-2005_Stuckist_Turner_demo_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Blow" title="Isabella Blow">Isabella Blow</a> arrives as a guest at the 2005 Prize</figcaption></figure> <p>A great deal was made in the press about the winning entry by <a href="/wiki/Simon_Starling" title="Simon Starling">Simon Starling</a>, which was a shed that he had converted into a boat, sailed down the <a href="/wiki/River_Rhine" class="mw-redirect" title="River Rhine">River Rhine</a> and turned back into a shed again. Two newspapers bought sheds and floated them to parody the work. The prize was presented by Culture Minister, <a href="/wiki/David_Lammy" title="David Lammy">David Lammy</a>. Before introducing him, Sir Nicholas Serota, in an "unusual, possibly unprecedented" move, took the opportunity to make "an angry defence" of the Tate's purchase of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Upper_Room_(paintings)" title="The Upper Room (paintings)">The Upper Room</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-marr_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marr-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-shed_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shed-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2006">2006</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: 2006"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2006_Turner_Prize" title="2006 Turner Prize">2006 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The nominees were announced on 16 May 2006. The exhibition of nominees' work opened at Tate Britain on 3 October. <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>, the celebrity announcer chosen for the year, declared <a href="/wiki/Tomma_Abts" title="Tomma Abts">Tomma Abts</a> the winner on 4 December during a live Channel 4 broadcast, although this was part of the evening news broadcast, rather than in a dedicated programme as in recent years. The total prize money was £40,000: £25,000 awarded to the winner and £5,000 to each of the other 3 nominees. The prize was sponsored by the makers of <a href="/wiki/Gordon%27s_Gin" title="Gordon's Gin">Gordon's Gin</a>. </p><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act_2000" title="Freedom of Information Act 2000">Freedom of Information Act</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Telegraph" title="The Sunday Telegraph">The Sunday Telegraph</a></i> obtained emails between the Tate and judge <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Barber" title="Lynn Barber">Lynn Barber</a>, which revealed that the judges had been sent a list of shows by artists too late to be able to see them and instead were being supplied with catalogues and photographs of work.<sup id="cite_ref-missed_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-missed-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More controversy ensued when Barber wrote in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a></i> about her troubles as a judge, even asking, "Is it all a fix?",<sup id="cite_ref-suffered_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-suffered-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a comment subsequently displayed on a Stuckist demonstration placard, much to her chagrin.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The judges were: </p> <dl><dd>Lynn Barber, journalist, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a></i></dd> <dd>Margot Heller, director, <a href="/wiki/South_London_Gallery" title="South London Gallery">South London Gallery</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Higgs" title="Matthew Higgs">Matthew Higgs</a>, Director and Chief Curator, White Columns, New York</dd> <dd>Andrew Renton, writer and Director of Curating, <a href="/wiki/Goldsmiths_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Goldsmiths College">Goldsmiths College</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Serota" title="Nicholas Serota">Nicholas Serota</a>, director, Tate and Chairman of the Jury</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007">2007</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: 2007"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2007_Turner_Prize" title="2007 Turner Prize">2007 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The winner of the £25,000 Prize was <a href="/wiki/Mark_Wallinger" title="Mark Wallinger">Mark Wallinger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-higgins2007_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-higgins2007-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His display at the Turner Prize show was <i>Sleeper</i>, a film of him dressed in a bear costume wandering around an empty museum, but the prize was officially given for <i><a href="/wiki/State_Britain" title="State Britain">State Britain</a></i>, which recreated all the objects in <a href="/wiki/Brian_Haw" title="Brian Haw">Brian Haw</a>'s anti-war display in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Square" title="Parliament Square">Parliament Square</a>, London.<sup id="cite_ref-higgins2007_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-higgins2007-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The judges commended Wallinger's work for its "immediacy, visceral intensity and historic importance", and called it "a bold political statement with art's ability to articulate fundamental human truths."<sup id="cite_ref-higgins2007_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-higgins2007-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prize was presented by <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hopper" title="Dennis Hopper">Dennis Hopper</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-higgins2007_57-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-higgins2007-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the first time in its 23-year history, the Turner Prize was held outside London, in <a href="/wiki/Tate_Liverpool" title="Tate Liverpool">Tate Liverpool</a> (in support of <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> being the <a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capital of Culture</a> in 2008), following a suggestion by gallery worker Jason Richardson. Concurrently there was an exhibition of previous winners at Tate Britain in London. </p><p>Unlike recent years, Sir <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Serota" title="Nicholas Serota">Nicholas Serota</a> was not the jury chairman; instead, the chairman was Christoph Grunenberg, the Director of Tate Liverpool. The panel was:<sup id="cite_ref-turnerprize07tate_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turnerprize07tate-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>Fiona Bradley, Director of the <a href="/wiki/Fruitmarket_Gallery" title="Fruitmarket Gallery">Fruitmarket Gallery</a>, Edinburgh</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bracewell_(writer)" title="Michael Bracewell (writer)">Michael Bracewell</a>, critic and writer</dd> <dd>Thelma Golden, Director and Chief Curator of the <a href="/wiki/Studio_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Studio Museum">Studio Museum</a>, Harlem</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Miranda_Sawyer" title="Miranda Sawyer">Miranda Sawyer</a>, writer and broadcaster</dd> <dd>Christoph Grunenberg, Director of Tate Liverpool (Chairman of the Jury)</dd></dl> <p>The nominees were:<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Mark_Wallinger" title="Mark Wallinger">Mark Wallinger</a> for his Tate Britain installation, <i><a href="/wiki/State_Britain" title="State Britain">State Britain</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Coley" title="Nathan Coley">Nathan Coley</a>, a Glasgow artist, who makes installations based on buildings</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zarina_Bhimji" title="Zarina Bhimji">Zarina Bhimji</a>, a Ugandan Asian photographer and filmmaker</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nelson_(artist)" title="Mike Nelson (artist)">Mike Nelson</a>, an installation artist</dd></dl> <p>Nelson and Wallinger had both previously been nominated for the prize. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Stuckism" title="Stuckism">Stuckists</a> announced that they were not <a href="/wiki/Stuckist_demonstrations" title="Stuckist demonstrations">demonstrating</a> for the first time since 2000,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> because of "the lameness of this year's show, which does not merit the accolade of the traditional demo".<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead, art group AAS re-enacted previous Stuckist demonstrations in protest against their own practice at the Royal Standard Turner Prize Extravaganza.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2008">2008</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: 2008"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2008_Turner_Prize" title="2008 Turner Prize">2008 Turner Prize</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Mark_Leckey" title="Mark Leckey">Mark Leckey</a> was the winner of the Turner Prize of 2008. </p><p>For the second year running, Sir Nicholas Serota did not chair the Turner Prize jury; instead Stephen Deuchar, director of Tate Britain, was the chair. The other members were Jennifer Higgie, editor of <i><a href="/wiki/Frieze_(magazine)" title="Frieze (magazine)">frieze</a></i>, Daniel Birnbaum, rector of the <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A4delschule" title="Städelschule">Städelschule</a> international art academy, Frankfurt, architect <a href="/wiki/David_Adjaye" title="David Adjaye">David Adjaye</a>, and Suzanne Cotter, senior curator, <a href="/wiki/Modern_Art_Oxford" title="Modern Art Oxford">Modern Art Oxford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gayford_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gayford-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prize winner received £25,000 and the other three nominees £5,000 each. In recent years the prize has attracted commercial sponsorship, but did not have any during the 2008 events.<sup id="cite_ref-gayford_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gayford-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nominees were <a href="/wiki/Runa_Islam" title="Runa Islam">Runa Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Leckey" title="Mark Leckey">Mark Leckey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goshka_Macuga" title="Goshka Macuga">Goshka Macuga</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cathy_Wilkes" title="Cathy Wilkes">Cathy Wilkes</a>; the Prize exhibition opened at Tate Britain on 30 September and the winner was announced on 1 December.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2009">2009</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: 2009"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2009_Turner_Prize" title="2009 Turner Prize">2009 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The winner of the £25,000 Prize was <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wright_(artist)" title="Richard Wright (artist)">Richard Wright</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stephen Deuchar again chaired the jury. </p><p>The other shortlisted artists were <a href="/wiki/Enrico_David" title="Enrico David">Enrico David</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Hiorns" title="Roger Hiorns">Roger Hiorns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Skaer" title="Lucy Skaer">Lucy Skaer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010">2010</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: 2010"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2010_Turner_Prize" title="2010 Turner Prize">2010 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The winner was <a href="/wiki/Susan_Philipsz" title="Susan Philipsz">Susan Philipsz</a> who graduated from <a href="/wiki/Duncan_of_Jordanstone_College_of_Art_%26_Design" title="Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art & Design">Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art & Design</a> in Dundee. She was the first artist ever to win with a purely aural work, having made an installation under three bridges in <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> in which she sang folklorised versions of the <a href="/wiki/Sea_shanty" title="Sea shanty">sea shanty</a> "Lowlands Away". For the Turner Prize, the work consisted simply of loudspeakers installed along the walls in a gallery room. The other artists nominated were <a href="/wiki/Dexter_Dalwood" title="Dexter Dalwood">Dexter Dalwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angela_de_la_Cruz" class="mw-redirect" title="Angela de la Cruz">Angela de la Cruz</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Kodwo_Eshun#The_Otolith_Group" title="Kodwo Eshun">Otolith Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian2010_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian2010-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011">2011</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: 2011"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2011_Turner_Prize" title="2011 Turner Prize">2011 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The 2011 Turner Prize took place in <a href="/wiki/Gateshead" title="Gateshead">Gateshead</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Centre_for_Contemporary_Art" title="Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art">Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art</a>, away from the Tate in London for the first time since 2007. The winner was <a href="/wiki/Martin_Boyce" title="Martin Boyce">Martin Boyce</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-boyce2011_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boyce2011-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other nominees were <a href="/wiki/Karla_Black" title="Karla Black">Karla Black</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hilary_Lloyd" title="Hilary Lloyd">Hilary Lloyd</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Shaw_(artist)" title="George Shaw (artist)">George Shaw</a>. The prize ceremony was interrupted by the international streaker <a href="/wiki/Mark_Roberts_(streaker)" title="Mark Roberts (streaker)">Mark Roberts</a> who was hired by the artist Benedikt Dichgans.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>149,770 people visited the exhibition in Gateshead<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making it the most visited Turner Prize exhibition ever.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2012">2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2012_Turner_Prize" title="2012 Turner Prize">2012 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The nominees for the 2012 prize were <a href="/wiki/Spartacus_Chetwynd" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartacus Chetwynd">Spartacus Chetwynd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luke_Fowler" title="Luke Fowler">Luke Fowler</a> (graduate of <a href="/wiki/Duncan_of_Jordanstone_College_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art">Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art</a>), <a href="/wiki/Paul_Noble" title="Paul Noble">Paul Noble</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Price_(artist)" title="Elizabeth Price (artist)">Elizabeth Price</a>. </p><p>Former <a href="/wiki/Talulah_Gosh" title="Talulah Gosh">Talulah Gosh</a> member Elizabeth Price was awarded the £25,000 prize.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2013">2013</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: 2013"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2013_Turner_Prize" title="2013 Turner Prize">2013 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The 2013 Turner Prize were held at <a href="/wiki/Ebrington_Square" title="Ebrington Square">Ebrington Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Derry</a>, the first-time the prize was awarded outside England, as part of the <a href="/wiki/UK_City_of_Culture" title="UK City of Culture">UK City of Culture</a> celebrations. The prize jury was chaired by <a href="/wiki/Penelope_Curtis" title="Penelope Curtis">Penelope Curtis</a>, Director of Tate Britain. The nominees for the 2013 award were <a href="/wiki/Laure_Prouvost" title="Laure Prouvost">Laure Prouvost</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tino_Sehgal" title="Tino Sehgal">Tino Sehgal</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Shrigley" title="David Shrigley">David Shrigley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lynette_Yiadom-Boakye" title="Lynette Yiadom-Boakye">Lynette Yiadom-Boakye</a>. The winner of the 2013 prize was <a href="/wiki/Laure_Prouvost" title="Laure Prouvost">Laure Prouvost</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014">2014</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: 2014"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2014_Turner_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Turner Prize">2014 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The nominees for the 2014 award were <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Campbell_(artist)" title="Duncan Campbell (artist)">Duncan Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ciara_Phillips" title="Ciara Phillips">Ciara Phillips</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Richards_(artist)" title="James Richards (artist)">James Richards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tris_Vonna-Michell" title="Tris Vonna-Michell">Tris Vonna-Michell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCnews_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCnews-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winner of the 2014 prize was <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Campbell_(artist)" title="Duncan Campbell (artist)">Duncan Campbell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian2014_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian2014-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015">2015</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: 2015"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2015_Turner_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 Turner Prize">2015 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The nominees for the 2015 award were <a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Camplin" title="Bonnie Camplin">Bonnie Camplin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Janice_Kerbel" title="Janice Kerbel">Janice Kerbel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Wermers" title="Nicole Wermers">Nicole Wermers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Assemble_(collective)" title="Assemble (collective)">Assemble</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_20150512_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian_20150512-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winner of the 2015 prize was Assemble.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exhibition was held in Glasgow, Scotland, in the Tramway, a contemporary art, theatre and dance space.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016">2016</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: 2016"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nominees for the 2016 award were <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dean_(artist)" title="Michael Dean (artist)">Michael Dean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthea_Hamilton" title="Anthea Hamilton">Anthea Hamilton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Marten" title="Helen Marten">Helen Marten</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Josephine_Pryde" title="Josephine Pryde">Josephine Pryde</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winner was <a href="/wiki/Helen_Marten" title="Helen Marten">Helen Marten</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_5_December_2016_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_5_December_2016-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2017">2017</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: 2017"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2017_Turner_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Turner Prize">2017 Turner Prize</a></div> <p>The nominees for the 2017 award were <a href="/wiki/Lubaina_Himid" title="Lubaina Himid">Lubaina Himid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Nashashibi" title="Rosalind Nashashibi">Rosalind Nashashibi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hurvin_Anderson" title="Hurvin Anderson">Hurvin Anderson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Andrea_B%C3%BCttner" title="Andrea Büttner">Andrea Büttner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_20170503_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian_20170503-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exhibition was held in Hull, at the <a href="/wiki/Ferens_Art_Gallery" title="Ferens Art Gallery">Ferens Art Gallery</a>, as part of <a href="/wiki/Hull_UK_City_of_Culture_2017" title="Hull UK City of Culture 2017">Hull UK City of Culture 2017</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winner was <a href="/wiki/Lubaina_Himid" title="Lubaina Himid">Lubaina Himid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2018">2018</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: 2018"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nominees for the 2018 award were <a href="/wiki/Forensic_Architecture" title="Forensic Architecture">Forensic Architecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naeem_Mohaiemen" title="Naeem Mohaiemen">Naeem Mohaiemen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Prodger" title="Charlotte Prodger">Charlotte Prodger</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Luke_Willis_Thompson" title="Luke Willis Thompson">Luke Willis Thompson</a>. All four were video artists. </p><p>The shortlist was drawn up by writer and critic Oliver Basciano, Elena Filipovic, director, <a href="/wiki/Kunsthalle_Basel" title="Kunsthalle Basel">Kunsthalle Basel</a>; Lisa Le Feuvre, executive director of Holt/Smithson Foundation; and novelist <a href="/wiki/Tom_McCarthy_(novelist)" title="Tom McCarthy (novelist)">Tom McCarthy</a>. The winner was <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Prodger" title="Charlotte Prodger">Charlotte Prodger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019">2019</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: 2019"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 2019 award was hosted at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Contemporary" title="Turner Contemporary">Turner Contemporary</a> in Margate, Kent. The shortlisted artists were <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Abu_Hamdan" title="Lawrence Abu Hamdan">Lawrence Abu Hamdan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Cammock" title="Helen Cammock">Helen Cammock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Murillo_(artist)" title="Oscar Murillo (artist)">Oscar Murillo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tai_Shani" title="Tai Shani">Tai Shani</a>, who were jointly awarded the prize as a collective following their request to be considered as a single group.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020">2020</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: 2020"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was announced in May, at a late stage in judging, that this year's award would be replaced by a <a href="/wiki/Bursary" title="Bursary">bursary</a> for 10 artists who would be announced in July due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 10 artists to receive bursaries were: <a href="/wiki/Oreet_Ashery" title="Oreet Ashery">Oreet Ashery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liz_Johnson_Artur" title="Liz Johnson Artur">Liz Johnson Artur</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shawanda_Corbett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shawanda Corbett (page does not exist)">Shawanda Corbett</a>, Jamie Crewe, Sean Edwards, <a href="/wiki/Sidsel_Meineche_Hansen" title="Sidsel Meineche Hansen">Sidsel Meineche Hansen</a>, Ima-Abasi Okon, Imran Perretta, <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Whittle" title="Alberta Whittle">Alberta Whittle</a>, and the political arts organisation Arika.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021">2021</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: 2021"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hosted in Coventry, the 2021 nominees were <a href="/wiki/Array_Collective" title="Array Collective">Array Collective</a>, Black Obsidian Sound System, Cooking Sections,<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gentle/Radical, and Project Art Works.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Array Collective were announced as the winners on 1 December 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022">2022</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: 2022"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 12 April 2022, it was announced that the nominees for the prize were <a href="/wiki/Heather_Phillipson" title="Heather Phillipson">Heather Phillipson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Pollard" title="Ingrid Pollard">Ingrid Pollard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veronica_Ryan" title="Veronica Ryan">Veronica Ryan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sin_Wai_Kin" class="mw-redirect" title="Sin Wai Kin">Sin Wai Kin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Veronica Ryan was announced as the winner. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2023">2023</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: 2023"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Darling" title="Jesse Darling">Jesse Darling</a> won the award in 2023, hosted in Eastbourne.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nominees were Jesse Darling, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghislaine_Leung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghislaine Leung (page does not exist)">Ghislaine Leung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rory_Pilgrim" title="Rory Pilgrim">Rory Pilgrim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Walker_(artist)" title="Barbara Walker (artist)">Barbara Walker</a><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2024">2024</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: 2024"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 24 April 2024, it was announced that the nominees for the prize were <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jasleen_Kaur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jasleen Kaur (page does not exist)">Jasleen Kaur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pio_Abad" title="Pio Abad">Pio Abad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claudette_Johnson" title="Claudette Johnson">Claudette Johnson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Delaine_Le_Bas" title="Delaine Le Bas">Delaine Le Bas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_perception">Public perception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Public perception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_favour">In favour</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: In favour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Janet_Street-Porter_at_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Janet_Street-Porter_at_station.jpg/220px-Janet_Street-Porter_at_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Janet_Street-Porter_at_station.jpg/330px-Janet_Street-Porter_at_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Janet_Street-Porter_at_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Janet_Street-Porter" title="Janet Street-Porter">Janet Street-Porter</a>: "a valuable role"</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Critic <a href="/wiki/Richard_Cork" title="Richard Cork">Richard Cork</a> said, "there will never be a substitute for approaching new art with an open mind, unencumbered by rancid clichés. As long as the Turner Prize facilitates such engagement, the buzz surrounding it will remain a minor distraction."<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2006, newspaper columnist <a href="/wiki/Janet_Street-Porter" title="Janet Street-Porter">Janet Street-Porter</a> condemned the <a href="/wiki/Stuckism" title="Stuckism">Stuckists'</a> "feeble knee-jerk reaction" to the prize and said, "The Turner Prize and Becks Futures both entice thousands of young people into art galleries for the first time every year. They fulfil a valuable role".<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Thornton" title="Sarah Thornton">Sarah Thornton</a> said that the Turner Prize "has a reputation for being a reliable indicator of an artist's ability to sustain a vibrant art practice over the long term, but perhaps it is a self-fulfilling prophecy. The personal confidence gained from being nominated can galvanize an artist's ambitions, while the museum's public endorsement leads to further exhibition opportunities."<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Dan Fox, associate editor of <i><a href="/wiki/Frieze_(magazine)" title="Frieze (magazine)">frieze</a></i>, said that the Turner Prize should be considered a barometer for the mood of the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposed">Opposed</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Opposed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kim_Howells_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Kim_Howells_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="212" height="320" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="212" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kim_Howells" title="Kim Howells">Kim Howells</a>: "cold mechanical, conceptual bullshit"</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Evening_Standard" title="Evening Standard">Evening Standard</a></i> critic <a href="/wiki/Brian_Sewell" title="Brian Sewell">Brian Sewell</a> wrote "The annual farce of the Turner Prize is now as inevitable in November as is the <a href="/wiki/Pantomime" title="Pantomime">pantomime at Christmas</a>".</li> <li>Critic <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Collings" title="Matthew Collings">Matthew Collings</a> wrote: "Turner Prize art is based on a formula where something looks startling at first and then turns out to be expressing some kind of banal idea, which somebody will be sure to tell you about. The ideas are never important or even really ideas, more notions, like the notions in advertising. Nobody pursues them anyway, because there's nothing there to pursue."<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The art critic <a href="/wiki/David_Lee_(art_critic)" title="David Lee (art critic)">David Lee</a> has argued that since the re-organisation of the prize in 1991 the shortlist has been dominated by artists represented by a small number of London dealers, namely Nicholas Logsdail of the <a href="/wiki/Lisson_Gallery" title="Lisson Gallery">Lisson Gallery</a>, and others closely linked to the collector <a href="/wiki/Charles_Saatchi" title="Charles Saatchi">Charles Saatchi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jay_Jopling" title="Jay Jopling">Jay Jopling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Paley" title="Maureen Paley">Maureen Paley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Miro" title="Victoria Miro">Victoria Miro</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Lisson_Gallery" title="Lisson Gallery">Lisson Gallery</a> has had the most success of any gallery with the Turner Prize from 1991 to 2004.</li> <li>In 2002, Culture Minister and former art student <a href="/wiki/Kim_Howells" title="Kim Howells">Kim Howells</a> pinned the following statement to a board in a room specially-designated for visitors' comments: <blockquote><p>"If this is the best British artists can produce then British art is lost. It is cold mechanical, conceptual bullshit. <br />Kim Howells. <br />P.S. The attempts at conceptualisation are particularly pathetic and symptomatic of a lack of conviction."</p></blockquote></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternative_and_spoof_prizes">Alternative and spoof prizes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Alternative and spoof prizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Turner Prize has spawned various other prizes in reaction to or ridiculing it. In 1993, the <a href="/wiki/K_Foundation" title="K Foundation">K Foundation</a> gave an "<a href="/wiki/K_Foundation_art_award" title="K Foundation art award">Anti-Turner Prize</a>" of £40,000 for the "worst artist in Britain" with the same short list as the official prize: the winner of both prizes was <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Whiteread" title="Rachel Whiteread">Rachel Whiteread</a>. In 1999, Trevor Prideaux organized the ongoing <a href="/wiki/Turnip_Prize" title="Turnip Prize">Turnip Prize</a> as "a crap art competition... You can enter anything you like, but it must be rubbish"; the judging criteria include "Lack of effort" and "Is it shit?" In 2000, the <a href="/wiki/Stuckism" title="Stuckism">Stuckists</a> instituted "The Real Turner Prize" for painters, and an "Art Clown of the Year Award" for "outstanding idiocy in the visual arts," both continued in the subsequent years (the Clown award given in 2002 to Serota).<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_art_awards" title="List of European art awards">List of European art awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp_Prize" title="Marcel Duchamp Prize">Marcel Duchamp Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnip_Prize" title="Turnip Prize">Turnip Prize</a> – awarded annually as a spoof of the Turner Prize</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTate" class="citation web cs1">Tate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/turner-prize">"The Turner Prize"</a>. <i>Tate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1984+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1984&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1985/turner-prize-1985-artists-howard-hodgkin">"Turner Prize 1985 artists: Howard Hodgkin"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1985+artists%3A+Howard+Hodgkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1985%2Fturner-prize-1985-artists-howard-hodgkin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcHardy1985" class="citation web cs1">McHardy, Anne (13 November 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/1985/nov/13/20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize">"News: Howard Hodgkin wins 1985 Turner prize"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=News%3A+Howard+Hodgkin+wins+1985+Turner+prize&rft.date=1985-11-13&rft.aulast=McHardy&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F1985%2Fnov%2F13%2F20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1986">"Turner Prize 1986 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1986+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1986&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJanuszczak1986" class="citation web cs1">Januszczak, Waldemar (26 November 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/1986/nov/26/20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize">"News: Gilbert & George's Y-fronts and junk take 1986 prize"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=News%3A+Gilbert+%26+George%27s+Y-fronts+and+junk+take+1986+prize&rft.date=1986-11-26&rft.aulast=Januszczak&rft.aufirst=Waldemar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F1986%2Fnov%2F26%2F20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1987">"Turner Prize 1987 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1987+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1987&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoellering1989" class="citation web cs1">Hoellering, Andrew (23 November 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/1989/nov/23/20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize">"Review: 1987 prize winner Deacon returns to his roots"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Review%3A+1987+prize+winner+Deacon+returns+to+his+roots&rft.date=1989-11-23&rft.aulast=Hoellering&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F1989%2Fnov%2F23%2F20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1988">"Turner Prize 1988 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1988+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHiltonKennedy1988" class="citation web cs1">Hilton, Tim; Kennedy, Maev (23 November 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/1988/nov/23/20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize">"News: 1998 Turner prize goes to sculptor Tony Cragg"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=News%3A+1998+Turner+prize+goes+to+sculptor+Tony+Cragg&rft.date=1988-11-23&rft.aulast=Hilton&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+Maev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F1988%2Fnov%2F23%2F20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1989">"Turner Prize 1989 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1989+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1990">"Turner Prize 1990 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1990+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1990&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1991">"Turner Prize 1991 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1991+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1992">"Turner Prize 1992 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1992+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1992&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColes1992" class="citation web cs1">Coles, Joanna (25 November 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/1992/nov/25/20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize">"News: Grenville Davey scoops 1992 Turner prize"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=News%3A+Grenville+Davey+scoops+1992+Turner+prize&rft.date=1992-11-25&rft.aulast=Coles&rft.aufirst=Joanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F1992%2Fnov%2F25%2F20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1993">"Turner Prize 1993 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1993+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/turner-prize-won-by-worst-artist-1506249.html">"Turner Prize won by 'worst' artist"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. 24 November 1993.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+won+by+%27worst%27+artist&rft.date=1993-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fturner-prize-won-by-worst-artist-1506249.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1994">"Turner Prize 1994 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1994+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1994&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1995">"Turner Prize 1995 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1995+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Grady2003" class="citation web cs1">O'Grady, Carrie (1 November 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2003/nov/01/20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize8">"Damien Hirst (winner 1995)"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Damien+Hirst+%28winner+1995%29&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.aulast=O%27Grady&rft.aufirst=Carrie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2003%2Fnov%2F01%2F20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1996">"Turner Prize 1996 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1996+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1996&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Grady2003" class="citation web cs1">O'Grady, Carrie (1 November 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2003/nov/01/20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize18">"Douglas Gordon (winner 1996)"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Douglas+Gordon+%28winner+1996%29&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.aulast=O%27Grady&rft.aufirst=Carrie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2003%2Fnov%2F01%2F20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clare Longrigg, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/1997/dec/04/20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize1"><i>Sixty Minutes, Noise: by art's bad girl</i></a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 4 December 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barry Didcock, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4156/is_20051016/ai_n15709349/"><i>A harrowing self-portrait</i></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2017">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, <i>Sunday Herald</i>, 16 October 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1997">"Turner Prize 1997 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1997+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dung-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dung_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dung_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dung_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dung_40-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/226000.stm">"Elephant dung artist scoops award"</a>, BBC, 3 December 1998. Retrieved 9 April 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlaister1998" class="citation web cs1">Glaister, Dan (2 December 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/1998/dec/02/20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize">"News: 1998 Turner Prize goes to Ofili"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=News%3A+1998+Turner+Prize+goes+to+Ofili&rft.date=1998-12-02&rft.aulast=Glaister&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F1998%2Fdec%2F02%2F20yearsoftheturnerprize.turnerprize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1998">"Turner Prize 1998 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1998+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1998&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/turner-prize-1999">"Turner Prize 1999 – Exhibition at Tate Britain"</a>. <i>Tate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+1999+%E2%80%93+Exhibition+at+Tate+Britain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Ftate-britain%2Fexhibition%2Fturner-prize-1999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibbonsCorrespondent1999" class="citation web cs1">Gibbons, Fiachra; Correspondent, Arts (1 December 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/dec/01/fiachragibbons">"Deadpan McQueen takes the Turner"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Deadpan+McQueen+takes+the+Turner&rft.date=1999-12-01&rft.aulast=Gibbons&rft.aufirst=Fiachra&rft.au=Correspondent%2C+Arts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F1999%2Fdec%2F01%2Ffiachragibbons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|last2=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1044375.stm">"Copycat row hits Turner Prize"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 28 November 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Copycat+row+hits+Turner+Prize&rft.date=2000-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2F1044375.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-riles-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-riles_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arts.guardian.co.uk/turnerpeoplespoll/story/0,,1067793,00.html">"Turner Winner Riles the Stuckists", The Guardian, 29 November 2000</a> Retrieved 26 March 2000.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turnerprotests-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-turnerprotests_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-turnerprotests_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Youngs, Ian (2002)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts/2382373.stm">"The art of Turner protests", BBC</a> www.bbc.co.uk, 31 October 2002. Retrieved 8 January 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gibbons, Fiachra (2001), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/turnerprize2001/story/0,7369,616274,00.html">"Judges switched on as Turner Prize goes to the Creed of nothingness"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 10 December 2001. Retrieved 8 January 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Innes, John (2002)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050317003227/http://news.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=878&id=162982002">"Madonna rebuked for Turner Prize outburst"</a>, <i>The Scotsman</i>, 11 February 2002. Retrieved 8 January 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brockes, Emma <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/arts/turnerprize2002/story/0,12574,830233,00.html">"It's art. But is it porn?"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 5 November 2002. Retrieved 21 May 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leach, Ben. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081126055407/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/theroyalfamily/3451212/Prince-Charles-in-his-own-words.html">"Prince Charles in his own words"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>, 13 November 2008. 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Retrieved 2 April 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marr-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-marr_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070311100648/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fopinion%2F2005%2F12%2F07%2Fdo0705.xml">Notebook by Andrew Marr (2nd item)</a>, The Daily Telegraph, 7 December 2005 Retrieved 24 March 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shed-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shed_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arts.guardian.co.uk/turnerprize2005/story/0,16063,1659056,00.html?gusrc=rss">"It's a shed, it's collapsible, it floats and (with help from a bike) it's the winner"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 6 December 2005. Retrieved 24 March 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-missed-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-missed_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hastings, Chris (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070311095217/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2006%2F04%2F30%2Fnturner30.xml">"Shows missed by judges, questions over artists… It must be the Turner Prize"</a>, <i>The Sunday Telegraph</i>, 30 April 2006. Retrieved 20 May 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barber, Lynn (2006)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arts.guardian.co.uk/features/story/0,,1968403,00.html">"My Turner's over. Phew!"</a> <i>The Observer</i>, 10 December 2006. Retrieved 16 January 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-higgins2007-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-higgins2007_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-higgins2007_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-higgins2007_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-higgins2007_57-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Higgins, Charlotte. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arts.guardian.co.uk/turnerprize2007/story/0,,2221321,00.html">"Bear man walks away with Turner Prize"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>, 3 December 2007. Retrieved 3 December 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turnerprize07tate-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turnerprize07tate_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/liverpool/exhibitions/turnerprize2007/default.shtm">"Turner Prize 07"</a>. tate.org. Retrieved 21 May 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynolds2007" class="citation news cs1">Reynolds, Nigel (10 May 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070508194637/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F05%2F08%2Fnturner108.xml">"Iraq protest camp shortlisted for Turner Prize"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/05/08/nturner108.xml">the original</a> on 8 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved 4 December 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.3ammagazine.com/3am/stuckists-turner-prize-protest-apology-2/">"Stuckists' Turner Prize Protest Apology"</a>, <a href="/wiki/3:AM_Magazine" title="3:AM Magazine">3:AM Magazine</a>, 2 December 2007. Retrieved 3 December 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130708095829/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUQbQICP960"><i>I am The Great Grock</i></a>. <i>YouTube</i>. 5 December 2007. 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Retrieved 14 May 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHiggins2009" class="citation news cs1">Higgins, Charlotte (7 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/dec/07/turner-prize-winner-richard-wright">"Artist Richard Wright strikes gold as winner of this year's Turner prize"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/turner-prize/6754766/Turner-Prize-awarded-to-painter-Richard-Wright.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hull2017.co.uk/whatson/events/turner-prize-2017/">the original</a> on 22 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turner+Prize+2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hull2017.co.uk%2Fwhatson%2Fevents%2Fturner-prize-2017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2017" class="citation news cs1">Brown, Mark (5 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2017/dec/05/lubaina-himid-becomes-oldest-artist-to-win-turner-prize">"Lubaina Himid becomes oldest artist to win Turner prize"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Lubaina+Himid+becomes+oldest+artist+to+win+Turner+prize&rft.date=2017-12-05&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2017%2Fdec%2F05%2Flubaina-himid-becomes-oldest-artist-to-win-turner-prize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/article_name.html">"Turner Prize 2018: iPhone artist Charlotte Prodger wins"</a>, <i>BBC</i>, 4 December 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/dec/03/turner-prize-2019-lawrence-abu-hamdan-helen-cammock-oscar-murillo-and-tai-shani-shared">Turner prize awarded four ways after artists' plea to judges</a> The Guardian</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-50631998">Turner Prize split four ways as nominees decide against a single winner</a> BBC News</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-52806844">"Turner Prize 2020 axed and replaced by £100k fund for struggling artists"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 26 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+2020+axed+and+replaced+by+%C2%A3100k+fund+for+struggling+artists&rft.date=2020-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fentertainment-arts-52806844&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2020" class="citation news cs1">Brown, Mark (2 July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/jul/02/tate-britain-announces-recipients-of-10000-turner-bursaries">"Tate Britain announces recipients of £10,000 Turner bursaries"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Tate+Britain+announces+recipients+of+%C2%A310%2C000+Turner+bursaries&rft.date=2020-07-02&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2020%2Fjul%2F02%2Ftate-britain-announces-recipients-of-10000-turner-bursaries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ocula.com/magazine/conversations/cooking-sections-and-zozan-pehlivan/">"Climate Crisis: A History with Cooking Sections and Zozan Pehlivan"</a>. <i>ocula.com</i>. 24 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ocula.com&rft.atitle=Climate+Crisis%3A+A+History+with+Cooking+Sections+and+Zozan+Pehlivan&rft.date=2021-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Focula.com%2Fmagazine%2Fconversations%2Fcooking-sections-and-zozan-pehlivan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTate" class="citation web cs1">Tate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/press/press-releases/turner-prize-shortlist-announced-0">"Turner Prize Shortlist Announced – Press Release"</a>. <i>Tate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+Shortlist+Announced+%E2%80%93+Press+Release&rft.au=Tate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fpress%2Fpress-releases%2Fturner-prize-shortlist-announced-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-59490291">"Turner Prize 2021: Irish pub installation wins award"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Online" title="BBC News Online">BBC News Online</a></i>. 1 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+Online&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+2021%3A+Irish+pub+installation+wins+award&rft.date=2021-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fentertainment-arts-59490291&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherwood2021" class="citation web cs1">Sherwood, Harriet (1 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2021/dec/01/northern-ireland-art-group-array-collective-wins-2021-turner-prize">"Northern Ireland art group Array Collective wins 2021 Turner prize"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Northern+Ireland+art+group+Array+Collective+wins+2021+Turner+prize&rft.date=2021-12-01&rft.aulast=Sherwood&rft.aufirst=Harriet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2021%2Fdec%2F01%2Fnorthern-ireland-art-group-array-collective-wins-2021-turner-prize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-61078208">"Turner Prize 2022: Trafalgar Square whipped cream artist among nominees"</a>. BBC News. 12 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turner+Prize+2022%3A+Trafalgar+Square+whipped+cream+artist+among+nominees&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2022-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fentertainment-arts-61078208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall" class="citation news cs1">Marshall, Alex. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/05/arts/design/turner-prize-jesse-darling.html">"Turner Prize Goes to Jesse Darling, a Sculptor of Mangled Objects"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Turner+Prize+Goes+to+Jesse+Darling%2C+a+Sculptor+of+Mangled+Objects&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F12%2F05%2Farts%2Fdesign%2Fturner-prize-jesse-darling.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTate2023" class="citation web cs1">Tate (27 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/press/press-releases/turner-prize-2023-shortlist-announced">"Turner Prize 2023 shortlist announced"</a>. Tate<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turner+Prize+2023+shortlist+announced&rft.pub=Tate&rft.date=2023-04-27&rft.au=Tate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fpress%2Fpress-releases%2Fturner-prize-2023-shortlist-announced&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakare2024" class="citation news cs1">Bakare, Lanre (24 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2024/apr/24/claudette-johnson-art-cotton-capital-nominated-for-turner-prize">"Claudette Johnson's art for Cotton Capital nominated for Turner prize"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Claudette+Johnson%27s+art+for+Cotton+Capital+nominated+for+Turner+prize&rft.date=2024-04-24&rft.aulast=Bakare&rft.aufirst=Lanre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2024%2Fapr%2F24%2Fclaudette-johnson-art-cotton-capital-nominated-for-turner-prize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/magazine/issue2/tp_everywinner.htm">"The Turner Prize: Everyone's a winner"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070301211054/http://www.tate.org.uk/magazine/issue2/tp_everywinner.htm">Archived</a> 1 March 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Tate Magazine</i> (2002) on the Tate web site. Retrieved 15 January 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Street-Porter, Janet (2006) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://comment.independent.co.uk/columnists_m_z/janet_street_porter/article485913.ece">"Paul is better off without Heather"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060521113255/http://comment.independent.co.uk/columnists_m_z/janet_street_porter/article485913.ece">Archived</a> 21 May 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The Independent</i>, 18 May 2006 (pay to view). Retrieved 20 May 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollings2008" class="citation news cs1">Collings, Matthew (17 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/oct/18/art1">"Review: Seven Days in the Art World by Sarah Thornton"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Review%3A+Seven+Days+in+the+Art+World+by+Sarah+Thornton&rft.date=2008-10-17&rft.aulast=Collings&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2008%2Foct%2F18%2Fart1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATurner+Prize" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fox, Dan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071208175503/http://www.frieze.com/comment/article/turner_prize_2007/">"Comment Turner Prize 2007"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Frieze_(magazine)" title="Frieze (magazine)">frieze</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Collings, Matthew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2000/oct/22/classics.williamblake1">"Blake's Progress"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a></i>, 22 October 2000. Retrieved 8 March 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070313083243/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=%2Farts%2F2002%2F12%2F09%2Fbaturn09.xml">"A custard pie for Serota as Turner Prize winner named"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>, 9 December 2002. Retrieved 27 March 2006</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turner_Prize&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Turner_Prize" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Turner Prize">Turner Prize</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/turner-prize">The Turner Prize official website, Tate</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/arts/gallery/image/0,8543,-10204774275,00.html">20 years of Turner Prize winners (image gallery)</a>, <i>The Guardian</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071208125846/http://www.hatii.arts.gla.ac.uk/MultimediaStudentProjects/00-01/9704524l/MM%20Project/">Turner Prize, Glasgow University project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/context-comment/articles/i-loved-bugs-they-were-gross-ruby-age-9">Martin Herbert on the Turner Prize</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/context-comment/articles/turner-prize-everyone-a-winner"><i>Tate Magazine</i> (2002) feature, including statistical analysis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8022602.stm">BBC News coverage of some 2009 artwork (shortlist)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130331211043/http://chriscoombes.cc/post/35635296174/turner-prize-cue-card">Cue card</a> used by presenter <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Collings" title="Matthew Collings">Matthew Collings</a> during televised 1998 award ceremony</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Charles_Holroyd" title="Charles Holroyd">Charles Holroyd</a> (Keeper)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugald_Sutherland_MacColl" title="Dugald Sutherland MacColl">D. S. MacColl</a> (Keeper)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Aitken" title="Charles Aitken">Charles Aitken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bolivar_Manson" title="James Bolivar Manson">J. B. Manson</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Rothenstein" title="John Rothenstein">John Rothenstein</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Norman_Reid_(museum_director)" title="Norman Reid (museum director)">Norman Reid</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Alan_Bowness" title="Alan Bowness">Alan Bowness</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Serota" title="Nicholas Serota">Nicholas Serota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Balshaw" title="Maria Balshaw">Maria Balshaw</a> (2017–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Benefactors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Henry_Tate" title="Henry Tate">Henry Tate</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Lane" title="Hugh Lane">Hugh Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Duveen,_1st_Baron_Duveen" title="Joseph Duveen, 1st Baron Duveen">Sir Joseph Duveen, Bt.</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Charles_Clore" title="Charles Clore">Charles Clore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outset_Contemporary_Art_Fund" title="Outset Contemporary Art Fund">Outset Contemporary Art Fund</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exhibitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turner Prize</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006_Turner_Prize" title="2006 Turner Prize">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Turner_Prize" title="2007 Turner Prize">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Turner_Prize" title="2008 Turner Prize">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Turner_Prize" title="2009 Turner Prize">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Turner_Prize" title="2010 Turner Prize">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Turner_Prize" title="2011 Turner Prize">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Turner_Prize" title="2012 Turner Prize">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Turner_Prize" title="2013 Turner Prize">2013</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turner_Prize_winners_and_nominees" title="List of Turner Prize winners and nominees">List of Turner Prize winners and nominees</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Olafur_Eliasson#The_weather_project" title="Olafur Eliasson">The Weather Project</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Whiteread#Embankment_(2005–2006)" title="Rachel Whiteread">Embankment</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Test_Site" title="Test Site">Test Site</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shibboleth_(artwork)" title="Shibboleth (artwork)">Shibboleth</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_art_theft_(1994)" title="Frankfurt art theft (1994)">Frankfurt Art Theft</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tate_Etc." title="Tate Etc.">Tate Etc.</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tate%27s_purchase_of_The_Upper_Room" class="mw-redirect" title="Tate's purchase of The Upper Room">Purchase of <i>The Upper Room</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="J._M._W._Turner" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:J._M._W._Turner" title="Template:J. M. W. Turner"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:J._M._W._Turner" title="Template talk:J. M. W. Turner"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:J._M._W._Turner" title="Special:EditPage/Template:J. M. W. Turner"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="J._M._W._Turner" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/J._M._W._Turner" title="J. M. W. Turner">J. M. W. Turner</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_paintings_by_J._M._W._Turner" title="List of paintings by J. M. W. Turner">Paintings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Interior_of_a_Romanesque_Church_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Interior of a Romanesque Church (J. M. W. Turner)">Interior of a Romanesque Church</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1795</span>–1800)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_Windmill_and_Rainbow_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Landscape with Windmill and Rainbow (J. M. W. Turner)">Landscape with Windmill and Rainbow</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1795</span>–1800)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diana_and_Callisto_(J._M._W._Turner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Diana and Callisto (J. M. W. Turner)">Diana and Callisto</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1796</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fishermen_at_Sea" title="Fishermen at Sea">Fishermen at Sea</a></i> (1796)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interior_of_a_Gothic_Church_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Interior of a Gothic Church (J. M. W. Turner)">Interior of a Gothic Church</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1797</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Limekiln_at_Coalbrookdale_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Limekiln at Coalbrookdale (J. M. W. Turner)">Limekiln at Coalbrookdale</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1797</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moonlight,_a_Study_at_Millbank_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Moonlight, a Study at Millbank (J. M. W. Turner)">Moonlight, a Study at Millbank</a></i> (1797)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aeneas_and_the_Sibyl,_Lake_Avernus" title="Aeneas and the Sibyl, Lake Avernus">Aeneas and the Sibyl, Lake Avernus</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1798</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buttermere_Lake,_with_Part_of_Cromackwater,_Cumberland,_a_Shower" title="Buttermere Lake, with Part of Cromackwater, Cumberland, a Shower">Buttermere Lake, with Part of Cromackwater, Cumberland, a Shower</a></i> (1798)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caernarvon_Castle_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Caernarvon Castle (J. M. W. Turner)">Caernarvon Castle</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1798</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Morning_amongst_the_Coniston_Fells,_Cumberland" title="Morning amongst the Coniston Fells, Cumberland">Morning amongst the Coniston Fells, Cumberland</a></i> (1798)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shipping_by_a_Breakwater_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Shipping by a Breakwater (J. M. W. Turner)">Shipping by a Breakwater</a></i> (1798)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tivoli_and_the_Roman_Campagna_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Tivoli and the Roman Campagna (J. M. W. Turner)">Tivoli and the Roman Campagna</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1798</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/View_of_a_Town_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="View of a Town (J. M. W. Turner)">View of a Town</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1798</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dolbadarn_Castle_(Turner)" title="Dolbadarn Castle (Turner)">Dolbadarn Castle</a></i> (1798–1799)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(Turner)" title="Self-Portrait (Turner)">Self-Portrait</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1799</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/View_in_Wales:_Mountain_Scene_with_Village_and_Castle_-_Evening_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="View in Wales: Mountain Scene with Village and Castle - Evening (J. M. W. Turner)">View in Wales: Mountain Scene with Village and Castle – Evening</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1799</span>–1800)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Mountain_Landscape_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Welsh Mountain Landscape (J. M. W. Turner)">Welsh Mountain Landscape</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1799</span>–1800)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Beech_Wood_with_Gypsies_round_a_Campfire_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="A Beech Wood with Gypsies round a Campfire (J. M. W. Turner)">A Beech Wood with Gypsies round a Campfire</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1800</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Beech_Wood_with_Gypsies_Seated_in_the_Distance_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="A Beech Wood with Gypsies Seated in the Distance (J. M. W. Turner)">A Beech Wood with Gypsies Seated in the Distance</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1800</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_Lake_and_Fallen_Tree_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Landscape with Lake and Fallen Tree (J. M. W. Turner)">Landscape with Lake and Fallen Tree</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1800</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calais_Pier" title="Calais Pier">Calais Pier</a></i> (1803)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/View_on_Clapham_Common_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="View on Clapham Common (J. M. W. Turner)">View on Clapham Common</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1800</span>–1805)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shipwreck_(Turner)" title="The Shipwreck (Turner)">The Shipwreck</a></i> (1805)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Two_Captured_Danish_Ships_Entering_Portsmouth_Harbour" title="Two Captured Danish Ships Entering Portsmouth Harbour">Two Captured Danish Ships Entering Portsmouth Harbour</a></i> (1807)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/View_of_Richmond_Hill_and_Bridge" title="View of Richmond Hill and Bridge">View of Richmond Hill and Bridge</a></i> (1808)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/London_from_Greenwich_Park" title="London from Greenwich Park">London from Greenwich Park</a></i> (1809)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fifth_Plague_of_Egypt" title="The Fifth Plague of Egypt">The Fifth Plague of Egypt</a></i> (1810)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/High_Street,_Oxford_(painting)" title="High Street, Oxford (painting)">High Street, Oxford</a></i> (1810)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saltash_with_the_Water_Ferry" title="Saltash with the Water Ferry">Saltash with the Water Ferry</a></i> (1811)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_Storm:_Hannibal_and_his_Army_Crossing_the_Alps" title="Snow Storm: Hannibal and his Army Crossing the Alps">Snow Storm: Hannibal and his Army <wbr />Crossing the Alps</a></i> (1812)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frosty_Morning" title="Frosty Morning">Frosty Morning</a></i> (1813)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dido_building_Carthage" title="Dido building Carthage">Dido building Carthage, or, <wbr />The Rise of the Carthaginian Empire</a></i> (1815)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Decline_of_the_Carthaginian_Empire" title="The Decline of the Carthaginian Empire">The Decline of the Carthaginian Empire</a></i> (1817)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dort_or_Dordrecht:_The_Dort_packet-boat_from_Rotterdam_becalmed" title="Dort or Dordrecht: The Dort packet-boat from Rotterdam becalmed">Dort or Dordrecht: <wbr />The Dort packet-boat from Rotterdam becalmed</a></i> (1818)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Field_of_Waterloo_(painting)" title="The Field of Waterloo (painting)">The Field of Waterloo</a></i> (1818)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/England:_Richmond_Hill,_on_the_Prince_Regent%27s_Birthday" title="England: Richmond Hill, on the Prince Regent's Birthday">England: Richmond Hill, on the Prince Regent's Birthday</a></i> (1819)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rome,_from_the_Vatican" title="Rome, from the Vatican">Rome, from the Vatican</a></i> (1820)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_Trafalgar_(painting)" title="The Battle of Trafalgar (painting)"><i>The Battle of Trafalgar</i></a> (1822)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cologne,_the_Arrival_of_a_Packet_Boat_in_the_Evening" title="Cologne, the Arrival of a Packet Boat in the Evening">Cologne, the Arrival of a Packet Boat in the Evening</a></i> (1826)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Forum_Romanum_(painting)" title="Forum Romanum (painting)">Forum Romanum</a></i> (1826)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mortlake_Terrace:_Early_Summer_Morning" title="Mortlake Terrace: Early Summer Morning">Mortlake Terrace</a></i> (1826)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Port_Ruysdael" title="Port Ruysdael">Port Ruysdael</a></i> (1826)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chichester_Canal_(painting)" title="Chichester Canal (painting)">Chichester Canal</a></i> (1828)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/East_Cowes_Castle_(painting)" title="East Cowes Castle (painting)">East Cowes Castle</a></i> (1828)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Regulus_(Turner)" title="Regulus (Turner)">Regulus</a></i> (1828)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_Deriding_Polyphemus" title="Ulysses Deriding Polyphemus">Ulysses Deriding Polyphemus</a></i> (1829)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Funeral_of_Sir_Thomas_Lawrence" title="Funeral of Sir Thomas Lawrence">Funeral of Sir Thomas Lawrence</a></i> (1830)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Childe_Harold%27s_Pilgrimage_-_Italy" title="Childe Harold's Pilgrimage - Italy">Childe Harold's Pilgrimage - Italy</a></i> (1832)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fountain_of_Indolence" title="The Fountain of Indolence">The Fountain of Indolence</a></i> (1834)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Bough_(painting)" title="The Golden Bough (painting)">The Golden Bough</a></i> (1834)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Venice:_The_Dogana_and_San_Giorgio_Maggiore" title="Venice: The Dogana and San Giorgio Maggiore">Venice: The Dogana and San Giorgio Maggiore</a></i> (1834)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Burning_of_the_Houses_of_Lords_and_Commons" title="The Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons">The Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons, 16th October, 1834</a></i> (1835)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rome,_From_Mount_Aventine" title="Rome, From Mount Aventine">Rome, From Mount Aventine</a></i> (1835)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Venice,_from_the_Porch_of_Madonna_della_Salute" title="Venice, from the Porch of Madonna della Salute">Venice, from the Porch of Madonna della Salute</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1835</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fighting_Temeraire" title="The Fighting Temeraire">The Fighting Temeraire Tugged to Her Last Berth <wbr />to Be Broken up</a></i> (1838)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Modern_Rome_%E2%80%93_Campo_Vaccino" title="Modern Rome – Campo Vaccino">Modern Rome – Campo Vaccino</a></i> (1839)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Slave_Ship" title="The Slave Ship">Slave Ship <wbr />(Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, <wbr />Typhoon Coming On)</a></i> (1840)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Venice,_the_Bridge_of_Sighs" title="Venice, the Bridge of Sighs">Venice, the Bridge of Sighs</a></i> (1840)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_Storm:_Steam-Boat_off_a_Harbour%27s_Mouth" title="Snow Storm: Steam-Boat off a Harbour's Mouth">Snow Storm: Steam-Boat off a Harbour's Mouth</a></i> (1842)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rigi" title="The Rigi">The Blue Rigi</a></i> (1842)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rigi" title="The Rigi">The Red Rigi</a></i> (1842)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peace_%E2%80%93_Burial_at_Sea" title="Peace – Burial at Sea">Peace – Burial at Sea</a></i> (1842)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/War._The_Exile_and_the_Rock_Limpet" title="War. The Exile and the Rock Limpet">War. The Exile and the Rock Limpet</a></i> (1842)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Light_and_Colour_(Goethe%27s_Theory)_%E2%80%93_The_Morning_after_the_Deluge_%E2%80%93_Moses_Writing_the_Book_of_Genesis" title="Light and Colour (Goethe's Theory) – The Morning after the Deluge – Moses Writing the Book of Genesis">Light and Colour (Goethe's Theory) – <wbr />The Morning after the Deluge – <wbr />Moses Writing the Book of Genesis</a></i> (1843)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rain,_Steam_and_Speed_%E2%80%93_The_Great_Western_Railway" title="Rain, Steam and Speed – The Great Western Railway">Rain, Steam and Speed – The Great Western Railway</a></i> (1844)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_with_Sea_Monsters" title="Sunrise with Sea Monsters">Sunrise with Sea Monsters</a></i> (1845)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Norham_Castle,_Sunrise" title="Norham Castle, Sunrise">Norham Castle, Sunrise</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1845</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whalers_(J._M._W._Turner)" title="Whalers (J. M. W. Turner)">Whalers</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1845</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Beacon_Light" title="The Beacon Light">The Beacon Light</a></i> (unknown)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prints</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Studiorum" title="Liber Studiorum">Liber Studiorum</a></i> (1807–1819)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandycombe_Lodge" title="Sandycombe Lodge">Sandycombe Lodge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Painter_(play)" title="The Painter (play)">The Painter</a></i> (2011 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mr._Turner" title="Mr. Turner">Mr. Turner</a></i> (2014 film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Price_Turner" title="Thomas Price Turner">Thomas Price Turner</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turner Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turner_Contemporary" title="Turner Contemporary">Turner Contemporary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:J._M._W._Turner" title="Category:J. 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