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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1230561210">.mw-parser-output .ib-tv{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0 3px;padding:3px 5px}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-above{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;font-size:125%;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-header{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv img{background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-aka{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release td,.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox ib-tv vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary"><i>Quatermass</i></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Quatermass1979-01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Quatermass1979-01.JPG/220px-Quatermass1979-01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b9/Quatermass1979-01.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="212" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Kneale" title="Nigel Kneale">Nigel Kneale</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Simon_MacCorkindale" title="Simon MacCorkindale">Simon MacCorkindale</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Kellerman" title="Barbara Kellerman">Barbara Kellerman</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Mason" title="Brewster Mason">Brewster Mason</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Tyzack" title="Margaret Tyzack">Margaret Tyzack</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Arliss" title="Ralph Arliss">Ralph Arliss</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Theme music composer</th><td class="infobox-data">Nic Rowley <br /> <a href="/wiki/Marc_Wilkinson" title="Marc Wilkinson">Marc Wilkinson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of episodes</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Production</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Executive producer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Verity_Lambert" title="Verity Lambert">Verity Lambert</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Producer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Childs" title="Ted Childs">Ted Childs</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Keith_Palmer_(film_editor)" title="Keith Palmer (film editor)">Keith Palmer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Camera setup</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Single_camera_setup" class="mw-redirect" title="Single camera setup">Single-camera</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Running time</th><td class="infobox-data">approx. 54 minutes per episode</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production company</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Euston_Films" title="Euston Films">Euston Films</a> for <a href="/wiki/Thames_Television" title="Thames Television">Thames</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Original release</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">24 October<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-10-24</span>)</span> –<br />14 November 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1979-11-14</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Related</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Quatermass_and_the_Pit" title="Quatermass and the Pit">Quatermass and the Pit</a></i></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Quatermass</b></i> (also known as <i><b>Quatermass IV</b></i>, or <i><b>The Quatermass Conclusion</b></i> for its limited international theatrical release) is a 1979 British <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_on_television" title="Science fiction on television">television science fiction</a> serial. Produced by <a href="/wiki/Euston_Films" title="Euston Films">Euston Films</a> for <a href="/wiki/Thames_Television" title="Thames Television">Thames Television</a>, it was broadcast on the <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a> network in October and November 1979. Like its three predecessors, <i>Quatermass</i> was written by <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Kneale" title="Nigel Kneale">Nigel Kneale</a>. It is the fourth and, to date, final television serial to feature the character of Professor <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Quatermass" title="Bernard Quatermass">Bernard Quatermass</a>, this time played by <a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a>. </p><p>Influenced by the social and <a href="/wiki/Geopolitics" title="Geopolitics">geopolitical</a> situation of the early 1970s and the <a href="/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie">hippie</a> youth movement of the late 1960s, <i>Quatermass</i> is set in a near future in which large numbers of young people are joining a cult known as the Planet People who gather at prehistoric sites, believing they will be transported to a better life on another planet. The series begins with Professor Quatermass arriving in London to look for his granddaughter, Hettie Carlson, and witnessing the destruction of two spacecraft and the disappearance of a group of Planet People at a stone circle by an unknown force. He investigates this force, believing that Hettie may be in danger. As the series progresses, it becomes apparent that the Planet People are being harvested by an alien force rather than transported. </p><p><i>Quatermass</i> was originally conceived as a <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> production, but after the corporation lost faith in the project because of spiralling costs, work was halted. The scripts were acquired by Euston Films and Kneale, who was commissioned to rewrite the scripts into two versions: a four-part television serial and <i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i>, a 100-minute film, intended for international theatrical release. </p><p>Despite ITV making the series its flagship premier for its 1979 autumn schedule, the four-part serial was met with lukewarm reviews. Reasons were blamed on the plot, casting and character development. The cinematic edited version, <i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i>, was given a limited release due to lack of interest from distributors. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Series">Series</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Series"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In the last quarter of the 20th century, the whole world seemed to sicken. Civilised institutions, whether old or new, fell ... as if some primal disorder was reasserting itself. And men asked themselves, "Why should this be?"</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Opening narration (spoken by Gurov), <i>Quatermass, Chapter One: Ringstone Round</i> by Nigel Kneale.</cite></div></blockquote> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders wikiepisodetable" style="width:100%"><tbody><tr style="color:white;text-align:center"><th scope="col" style="background:#812f09;width:5%;color:white"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr></th><th scope="col" style="background:#812f09;color:white">Title</th><th scope="col" style="background:#812f09;color:white">Directed by</th><th scope="col" style="background:#812f09;color:white">Written by</th><th scope="col" style="background:#812f09;color:white">Original air date</th><th scope="col" style="background:#812f09;width:7%;color:white"><abbr title="Production">Prod.</abbr><br />code</th><th scope="col" style="background:#812f09;width:10%;color:white">U.K. viewers<br />(millions)</th></tr><tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep1" style="text-align:center">1</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Chapter One: Ringstone Round"</td><td style="text-align:center">Piers Haggard</td><td style="text-align:center">Nigel Kneale</td><td style="text-align:center">24 October 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-10-24</span>)</span></td><td id="pcFIL" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">FIL-60803</td><td style="text-align:center">12.4m</td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="7" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #812f09"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> Quatermass (<a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a>), now living in retirement in Scotland, travels to <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in search of his granddaughter, Hettie Carlson (<a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Saire" title="Rebecca Saire">Rebecca Saire</a>), who has gone missing. He is shocked by the scale of the urban collapse that has struck the city – law and order has broken down and marauding gangs terrorise the litter-strewn, decaying streets. The decline of civilisation has been general across the world. Appearing as a guest on a television programme covering the "Hands in Space" project, a joint space mission between the United States and Russia, Quatermass is horrified when the two spacecraft are destroyed by some unknown force. Astronomer Joe Kapp (<a href="/wiki/Simon_MacCorkindale" title="Simon MacCorkindale">Simon MacCorkindale</a>), another guest on the programme, invites Quatermass to join him at his home in the country where he and two friends have taken over two radio telescopes. At the radio telescope site, Kapp's colleagues report that they detected a powerful signal at the exact time of the incident in space. Quatermass is intrigued by the behaviour of a group of hippie-like youngsters known as the Planet People, who are travelling to various <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">neolithic</a> sites (about 5,000 years old) from where they believe they will be transported to a better life on another planet. Quatermass suspects Hettie has joined them. Along with Kapp's wife, Claire (<a href="/wiki/Barbara_Kellerman" title="Barbara Kellerman">Barbara Kellerman</a>), Quatermass and Kapp follow a group of Planet People to a <a href="/wiki/Stone_circle" title="Stone circle">stone circle</a> of megaliths, Ringstone Round. Fearing for their safety, they leave, just in time to look back and see the Planet People assembled inside the circle suddenly bathed in a brilliantly bright light, after which they have disappeared, leaving only a residue of white dust behind.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep2" style="text-align:center">2</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Chapter Two: Lovely Lightning"</td><td style="text-align:center">Piers Haggard</td><td style="text-align:center">Nigel Kneale</td><td style="text-align:center">31 October 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-10-31</span>)</span></td><td id="pcFIL" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">FIL-60804</td><td style="text-align:center">10.8m</td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="7" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #812f09"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> The Planet People's leader, Kickalong (<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Arliss" title="Ralph Arliss">Ralph Arliss</a>), believes that the Planet People gathered at Ringstone Round have been transported to "the planet", but it is clear to Quatermass and Kapp that they have been reduced to ashes. They find one badly burnt survivor – a girl called Isabel (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Annabelle_Lanyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annabelle Lanyon (page does not exist)">Annabelle Lanyon</a>) who deliriously refers to the "lovely lightning" – and they take her back to the Kapps' cottage. Making contact with <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> scientist Chuck Marshall (Tony Sibbald), they learn that thousands of young people have disappeared in similar incidents at similar sites all around the world. Quatermass, aided by District Commissioner Annie Morgan (<a href="/wiki/Margaret_Tyzack" title="Margaret Tyzack">Margaret Tyzack</a>), decides to take Isabel to London for tests. As they make their journey, Quatermass speculates on whether there is any connection between recent events and the rise in social unrest. Reaching London, they are caught up in a battle between armed gangs. Quatermass is yanked from the car but Annie and Isabel manage to escape. Meanwhile, a large number of Planet People arrive at the radio telescope, congregating at the stone circle on its grounds. Visiting another site some distance away, Kapp is horrified to see another beam of light strike the area where his home is. Rushing home, he finds his house and observatory badly damaged and his family and friends gone.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep3" style="text-align:center">3</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Chapter Three: What Lies Beneath"</td><td style="text-align:center">Piers Haggard</td><td style="text-align:center">Nigel Kneale</td><td style="text-align:center">7 November 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-11-07</span>)</span></td><td id="pcFIL" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">FIL-60805</td><td style="text-align:center">10.5m</td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="7" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #812f09"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> Quatermass is rescued by a group of elderly people living in a scrap yard who treat his injuries. At the hospital, the doctors are shocked when Isabel levitates off her bed and explodes in a cloud of dust. Elsewhere, the devastated Kapp is left alone in the ruins of his cottage and observatory. More and more young people are joining the Planet People, including the gangs that have been terrorising the cities and the soldiers assigned to keep them away from the <a href="/wiki/Megalithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalithic">Megalithic</a> sites. Contact is restored with Chuck Marshall and with the Russians in the form of Gurov (<a href="/wiki/Brewster_Mason" title="Brewster Mason">Brewster Mason</a>). Quatermass theorises that this is not the first time this has happened; megalithic sites such as prehistoric stone circles are in fact markers built as a sign that something terrible happened there, and that there are some kind of alien beacons buried underground at these sites. Quatermass believes there is a sphere of energy surrounding the Earth which can focus itself into the beams of light. The Russians and the Americans send a <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a>, commanded by Marshall, to make contact with the force. Quatermass is sceptical; he suspects they are dealing not with an intelligence but with a machine constructed to harvest human <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a>. The space shuttle reports a giant beam of light stretching from somewhere in deep space to the Earth, just missing them. A second beam just afterwards destroys them. Meanwhile, the Planet People are gathering at Wembley Stadium in the tens of thousands. Annie and Quatermass travel to the stadium but are powerless to prevent the Planet People from gathering. When they are attacked, Annie drives their car into the underground car park beneath the stadium where she crashes the vehicle and is killed. The lightning strikes the stadium and Quatermass, underground, huddles against the wall to try and survive.</div></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep4" style="text-align:center">4</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Chapter Four: An Endangered Species"</td><td style="text-align:center">Piers Haggard</td><td style="text-align:center">Nigel Kneale</td><td style="text-align:center">14 November 1979<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1979-11-14</span>)</span></td><td id="pcFIL" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center">FIL-60806</td><td style="text-align:center">11.2m</td></tr><tr class="expand-child"><td class="description" colspan="7" style="border-bottom:solid 3px #812f09"> <div class="shortSummaryText" style="max-width:90vw;position:sticky;left:0.2em"> Showing signs of his recent narrow escape, Quatermass emerges from the car park to find the stadium empty. An estimated 70,000 people have died there. So many have now been disintegrated that the particles of dust in the air have turned the sky green. Kapp attempts to repair his equipment in order to contact the alien presence, but the Planet People destroy his efforts. They try to persuade him to join them but he refuses, convinced now that his family are dead. Quatermass, aided by Gurov, who has travelled to London from <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, assembles a team of scientists to find a solution. He deliberately selects old people for the task as they are immune to the call of the alien force. Quatermass decides to fake the presence of a gathering of a million young people at Kapp's observatory and, when the force comes, to detonate a 35 kiloton nuclear weapon. It is a focused charge where most of the force will go upwards, causing little damage in the area. Quatermass does not believe this will be sufficient to destroy the alien machine but he hopes that it will shock it enough to make it go away. Kapp volunteers to stay behind with Quatermass to help detonate the bomb. The pair set up the trap and wait in darkness. Suddenly, Kickalong appears with a group of Planet People, including Quatermass' granddaughter, Hettie. Kapp tries to warn them away but is shot and killed by Kickalong. The light appears, indicating that the alien force beam has arrived, but the shock of seeing his granddaughter among the Planet People causes Quatermass to suffer a <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">heart attack</a>. She has recognised him too and struggling to reach the detonator button, Quatermass is aided by Hettie and together they detonate the bomb. Later, in a world that is recovering from the recent decline of civilisation, Gurov tells us: "The message was taken. It has not come again. We pray it will never come again".</div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237879425">.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable tr.vevent,.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable tr.vevent th{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable .summary{text-align:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .module-episode-list-row small[style]{color:#d5d584!important;background:#333;padding:8px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable span[style^="color"]{color:inherit!important;border-bottom:dotted 1px}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .module-episode-list-row small[style]{color:#d5d584!important;background:#333;padding:8px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable span[style^="color"]{color:inherit!important;border-bottom:dotted 1px}}</style> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Quatermass1979-02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Quatermass1979-02.JPG/220px-Quatermass1979-02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b4/Quatermass1979-02.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="192" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a> as <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Quatermass" title="Bernard Quatermass">Bernard Quatermass</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a> ... Prof. Bernard Quatermass</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_MacCorkindale" title="Simon MacCorkindale">Simon MacCorkindale</a> ... Joe Kapp</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Arliss" title="Ralph Arliss">Ralph Arliss</a> ... Kickalong</li> <li>Paul Rosebury ... Caraway</li> <li>Jane Bertish ... Bee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyah_Willcox" title="Toyah Willcox">Toyah Willcox</a> ... Sal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Saire" title="Rebecca Saire">Rebecca Saire</a> ... Hettie Carlson</li> <li>Tony Sibbald ... Chuck Marshall</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Kellerman" title="Barbara Kellerman">Barbara Kellerman</a> ... Clare Kapp</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Tyzack" title="Margaret Tyzack">Margaret Tyzack</a> ... Annie Morgan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Mason" title="Brewster Mason">Brewster Mason</a> ... Gurov</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Purchase" title="Bruce Purchase">Bruce Purchase</a> ... Tommy Roach</li> <li>Annabelle Lanyon ... Isabel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Yip" title="David Yip">David Yip</a> ... Frank Chen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Stacy" title="Neil Stacy">Neil Stacy</a> ... Toby Gough</li> <li>Tudor Davies ... TV Director</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development">Development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Professor <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Quatermass" title="Bernard Quatermass">Bernard Quatermass</a> was created by <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Manx</a> writer <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Kneale" title="Nigel Kneale">Nigel Kneale</a> in 1953 for the serial <i><a href="/wiki/The_Quatermass_Experiment" title="The Quatermass Experiment">The Quatermass Experiment</a></i>. Its success led to two sequels, <i><a href="/wiki/Quatermass_II" title="Quatermass II">Quatermass II</a></i> (1955) and <i><a href="/wiki/Quatermass_and_the_Pit" title="Quatermass and the Pit">Quatermass and the Pit</a></i> (1958).<sup id="cite_ref-knealescreen_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-knealescreen-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These three <i>Quatermass</i> serials are seen today as seminal 1950s television productions. Kneale, however, became disenchanted with the BBC and went freelance in the late 1950s, producing scripts for <a href="/wiki/Hammer_Films" class="mw-redirect" title="Hammer Films">Hammer Films</a> and <a href="/wiki/Associated_TeleVision" class="mw-redirect" title="Associated TeleVision">Associated Television</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_passim_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_passim-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The notion of bringing Professor Quatermass back for a fourth adventure dated back to at least 1965 when producer <a href="/wiki/Irene_Shubik" title="Irene Shubik">Irene Shubik</a> asked Kneale to contribute a new <i>Quatermass</i> story for the first season of the science fiction <a href="/wiki/Anthology_television_series" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthology television series">anthology series</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Out_of_the_Unknown" title="Out of the Unknown">Out of the Unknown</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_c_39_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_c_39-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nothing came of this but the prospect of <i>Quatermass</i> making a reappearance arose again when, following the success of the <a href="/wiki/Quatermass_and_the_Pit_(film)" title="Quatermass and the Pit (film)">film version</a> of <i>Quatermass and the Pit</i> in 1967, Hammer was in discussions with Kneale for a new <i>Quatermass</i> adventure.<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Again, this did not progress beyond the initial negotiation stage. In the meantime Kneale had been coaxed back to the BBC, writing plays such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Year_of_the_Sex_Olympics" title="The Year of the Sex Olympics">The Year of the Sex Olympics</a></i> (1968), <i>Wine of India</i> (1970) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Stone_Tape" title="The Stone Tape">The Stone Tape</a></i> (1972).<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_passim_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_passim-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following completion of <i>The Stone Tape</i>, Kneale was commissioned on 21 November 1972 by BBC head of drama serials, Ronnie Marsh, to write a new four-part Quatermass serial.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Assigned to produce the serial was <i><a href="/wiki/Dixon_of_Dock_Green" title="Dixon of Dock Green">Dixon of Dock Green</a></i> producer Joe Waters.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_50-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Preliminary filming on <i>Quatermass</i> began in June 1973 at <a href="/wiki/Ealing_Studios" title="Ealing Studios">Ealing Studios</a> where special effects designer Jack Wilkie and his assistant, Ian Scoones shot model footage for part one of the serial, of a <a href="/wiki/Space_station" title="Space station">space station</a> with <a href="/wiki/Astronaut" title="Astronaut">astronauts</a> working on its hull.<sup id="cite_ref-Garrard_15_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garrard_15-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this point the BBC got cold feet about the project; it had become concerned about the cost of mounting the production and had been refused permission to film at <a href="/wiki/Stonehenge" title="Stonehenge">Stonehenge</a>, one of the locations at which Kneale had envisaged the Planet People would gather to be reaped by the alien force.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_50-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kneale recalled that Stonehenge "had become Big Business and the place was like a factory with tourists there from dawn to dusk... they weren't going to let anyone go near it".<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kneale also felt that the BBC was unhappy with the script believing it "didn't suit their image at that time; it was too gloomy".<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_120_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_120-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the end, it was decided during summer 1973 that for financial reasons the BBC would not proceed with the production.<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_120_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_120-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However the BBC still had an option on the script until 1975, and retained this until it expired.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_50-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At this stage Kneale was working primarily at <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a>, having written the play <i>Murrain</i> (screened in the anthology series <i>Against The Crowd</i>, 1975) and the anthology series <i>Beasts</i> (1976) for ATV.<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_passim_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_passim-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 1977, <a href="/wiki/Euston_Films" title="Euston Films">Euston Films</a>—a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Thames_Television" title="Thames Television">Thames Television</a> best known for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sweeney" title="The Sweeney">The Sweeney</a></i> (1975–1978)—picked up Kneale's unmade <i>Quatermass</i> scripts.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_50-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This new production, known either as <i>Quatermass</i> or <i>Quatermass IV</i>, would consist of a four-part serial to be broadcast by ITV which would be recut as a 100-minute film, titled <i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i>, for release in North America and Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_50-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Murray_135_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_135-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kneale was dubious about having to craft both a television serial version and a film version of his tale, feeling that "in the end we had two versions, neither of which was the right length for the story".<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_51_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_51-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the rewrites, Kneale transplanted the action at the conclusion of part three from Stonehenge to the more easily available <a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium_(1924)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wembley Stadium (1924)">Wembley Stadium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Garrard_15_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garrard_15-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When asked about what differences there were between the Euston Films version and the version originally envisaged for the BBC, Kneale remarked that "the BBC version would have been much more in the studio, whereas the Euston Films version was entirely shot on <a href="/wiki/35mm_movie_film" class="mw-redirect" title="35mm movie film">35mm</a> film with a great deal of it outside. Much more lavish than either the BBC or I had contemplated".<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_Dark_Door_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_Dark_Door-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writing">Writing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Writing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kneale began writing the scripts, working to a delivery deadline of February 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the setting for the story was influenced by contemporary political events such as <a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">strikes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Three-Day_Week" title="Three-Day Week">power cuts</a>, the <a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">oil crisis</a> and developments in the <a href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">space race</a>, especially the planned <a href="/wiki/Apollo-Soyuz_Test_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollo-Soyuz Test Project">Apollo-Soyuz</a> missions and <a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_119_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_119-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writing in the <a href="/wiki/Listings_magazine" title="Listings magazine">listings magazine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/TV_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="TV Times">TV Times</a></i> to promote the serial, Kneale said: "<i>Quatermass</i> is a story of the future – but perhaps only a few years from now. There are some clues already in the most obvious places: the streets. Pavements littered with rubbish. Walls painted with angry graffiti. <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> black with smoke and rage. Worst of all, the mindless violence".<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Concerns about the state of society, especially the "dropout" culture of the youth movement, had been a theme of Kneale's writing for some time. This was seen in such works as <i>The Big, Big Giggle</i>, an unmade play about a teenage suicide cult; <i>The Year of the Sex Olympics</i>, about the consequences of a world with no censorship or inhibitions; and <i>Bam! Pow! Zap!</i> (1969), about teenage delinquents, all of which fed into the world depicted in the new <i>Quatermass</i> serial.<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_137_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_137-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kneale said: "I looked at the alarming aspects of contemporary trends. Since then, we'd seen '<a href="/wiki/Flower_power" title="Flower power">flower power</a>' and hippies, so all I did was bring them into the story. It was written in 1972 and it was about the sixties really".<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another theme that had crept into Kneale's writing at this time—as seen in <i>Wine of India</i>, about compulsory euthanasia for the elderly, and later the <i><a href="/wiki/Beasts_(TV_series)" title="Beasts (TV series)">Beasts</a></i> episode "During Barty's Party", about an elderly couple terrorised by rats—was the consequences of growing old.<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_137_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_137-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kneale later recalled: "The theme I was trying to get to was the old redressing the balance with the young, saving the young, which I thought a nice, paradoxical, ironic idea after the youth-oriented 60s".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following <i>Quatermass</i>, writer Nigel Kneale developed the <a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">sitcom</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Kinvig" title="Kinvig">Kinvig</a></i> (1981) for <a href="/wiki/London_Weekend_Television" title="London Weekend Television">London Weekend Television</a>. During the 1980s he was courted for scripts by admiring <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Hollywood</a> directors and producers such as <a href="/wiki/John_Carpenter" title="John Carpenter">John Carpenter</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Landis" title="John Landis">John Landis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Dante" title="Joe Dante">Joe Dante</a>, but with limited success. Returning to television, he adapted <a href="/wiki/Susan_Hill" title="Susan Hill">Susan Hill</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Woman_in_Black" title="The Woman in Black">The Woman in Black</a></i> (1989) and wrote episodes of <i>Sharpe</i> and <i>Kavanagh QC</i>. He died in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_passim_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_passim-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casting_and_crew">Casting and crew</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Casting and crew"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a> was chosen to play Quatermass (the fourth different actor to play the role in four serials on television), who had appeared in significant roles in many high-profile British films, including <i><a href="/wiki/The_Way_to_the_Stars" title="The Way to the Stars">The Way to the Stars</a></i> (1945), <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Expectations_(1946_film)" title="Great Expectations (1946 film)">Great Expectations</a></i> (1946) and <i><a href="/wiki/Ice_Cold_in_Alex" title="Ice Cold in Alex">Ice Cold in Alex</a></i> (1958), and had won an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Award</a> for his role in <i><a href="/wiki/Ryan%27s_Daughter" title="Ryan's Daughter">Ryan's Daughter</a></i> (1970).<sup id="cite_ref-Mills_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mills-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mills, whose only previous television credit at the time was <i><a href="/wiki/The_Zoo_Gang" title="The Zoo Gang">The Zoo Gang</a></i> (1974), was reluctant to take the part but was persuaded by his wife, who liked the script.<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following <i>Quatermass</i> he appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/Gandhi_(film)" title="Gandhi (film)">Gandhi</a></i> (1982), <i><a href="/wiki/Martin_Chuzzlewit_(TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Chuzzlewit (TV series)">Martin Chuzzlewit</a></i> (1994) and <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1996_film)" title="Hamlet (1996 film)">Hamlet</a></i> (1996), working right up to his death in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-Mills_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mills-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Joe Kapp was played by <a href="/wiki/Simon_MacCorkindale" title="Simon MacCorkindale">Simon MacCorkindale</a>, who had previously appeared in "Baby", one of the episodes of Nigel Kneale's <i>Beasts</i> series.<sup id="cite_ref-MacCorkindale_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacCorkindale-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MacCorkindale was delighted with the part of Joe Kapp, finding it a break from the <a href="/wiki/Typecasting_(acting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Typecasting (acting)">typecast</a> romantic roles he was used to playing.<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following <i>Quatermass</i>, MacCorkindale appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Riddle_of_the_Sands#Film,_TV_or_theatrical_adaptations" title="The Riddle of the Sands">The Riddle of the Sands</a></i> (1979), and subsequently moved to the United States where, after playing a few guest roles on television, he secured a part in <i><a href="/wiki/Jaws_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaws 3">Jaws 3</a></i> (1983) and the lead in the short-lived series <i><a href="/wiki/Manimal" title="Manimal">Manimal</a></i> (1983). He was then a series regular in <i><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Crest" title="Falcon Crest">Falcon Crest</a></i> (1984–86), <i><a href="/wiki/Counterstrike_(1990_TV_series)" title="Counterstrike (1990 TV series)">Counterstrike</a></i> (1990–93) and <i><a href="/wiki/Poltergeist:_The_Legacy" title="Poltergeist: The Legacy">Poltergeist: The Legacy</a></i> (1999). He then returned to the United Kingdom, where he played the character of <a href="/wiki/Harry_Harper_(fictional_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Harper (fictional character)">Harry Harper</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Casualty_(TV_series)" title="Casualty (TV series)">Casualty</a></i> between 2002 and 2008. MacCorkindale died in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-MacCorkindale_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacCorkindale-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Kellerman" title="Barbara Kellerman">Barbara Kellerman</a>, who played Claire Kapp, had previously had a regular role in <i><a href="/wiki/1990_(TV_series)" title="1990 (TV series)">1990</a></i> (1977–78) and would later portray the <a href="/wiki/White_Witch" title="White Witch">White Witch</a> in the BBC adaptation of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chronicles_of_Narnia_(TV_serial)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chronicles of Narnia (TV serial)">The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe</a></i> (1988).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Quatermass</i> also featured many familiar faces from British television and film in supporting roles, including <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Tyzack" title="Margaret Tyzack">Margaret Tyzack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Purchase" title="Bruce Purchase">Bruce Purchase</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Ottaway" title="James Ottaway">James Ottaway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Fricker" title="Brenda Fricker">Brenda Fricker</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Yip" title="David Yip">David Yip</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Stoney" title="Kevin Stoney">Kevin Stoney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gretchen_Franklin" title="Gretchen Franklin">Gretchen Franklin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Croucher" title="Brian Croucher">Brian Croucher</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chris_Quinten" class="mw-redirect" title="Chris Quinten">Chris Quinten</a>, as well as the singer (and later television presenter) <a href="/wiki/Toyah_Willcox" title="Toyah Willcox">Toyah Willcox</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Director <a href="/wiki/Piers_Haggard" title="Piers Haggard">Piers Haggard</a>, who was the great-grand-nephew of author <a href="/wiki/H._Rider_Haggard" title="H. Rider Haggard">H. Rider Haggard</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_51_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_51-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had been directing since the 1960s. Prior to <i>Quatermass</i>, he had directed the acclaimed <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Potter" title="Dennis Potter">Dennis Potter</a> drama serial <i><a href="/wiki/Pennies_From_Heaven_(TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennies From Heaven (TV series)">Pennies from Heaven</a></i> (1978).<sup id="cite_ref-Haggard_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haggard-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commenting on the script, Haggard described it as "a tremendous re-assertion of the importance of people, ordinary people, and how necessary they are in fighting evil".<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_51_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_51-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following <i>Quatermass</i>, he directed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fiendish_Plot_of_Dr._Fu_Manchu" title="The Fiendish Plot of Dr. Fu Manchu">The Fiendish Plot of Dr. Fu Manchu</a></i> (1980) and the Disney Channel TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Return_to_Treasure_Island_(TV_series)" title="Return to Treasure Island (TV series)">Return to Treasure Island</a></i> (1985).<sup id="cite_ref-Haggard_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haggard-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Executive producer <a href="/wiki/Verity_Lambert" title="Verity Lambert">Verity Lambert</a> had first made her mark as producer of the first two years of <i><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who">Doctor Who</a></i> (1963). Since then she had carved out an impressive career, first at the BBC with programmes such as <i><a href="/wiki/Adam_Adamant_Lives!" title="Adam Adamant Lives!">Adam Adamant Lives!</a></i> (1966–67) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Newcomers_(TV_series)" title="The Newcomers (TV series)">The Newcomers</a></i> (1965–69), and then at Thames Television with productions such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Naked_Civil_Servant_(film)" title="The Naked Civil Servant (film)">The Naked Civil Servant</a></i> (TV film; 1975) and the series <i><a href="/wiki/Rumpole_of_the_Bailey" title="Rumpole of the Bailey">Rumpole of the Bailey</a></i> (1978–92).<sup id="cite_ref-Lambert_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lambert-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She became Chief Executive of Euston Films in 1979; <i>Quatermass</i> was one of the first productions she oversaw in the role, seeing it as a project to make her mark on the company.<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_1_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She had clashed with Nigel Kneale in 1965 on the BBC arts programme <i><a href="/wiki/Late_Night_Line-Up" title="Late Night Line-Up">Late Night Line-Up</a></i>, when he attacked her for making <i>Doctor Who</i> too frightening for children.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this she held Kneale in high esteem, describing him as "a fantastic writer... hugely imaginative... considering the impact his work has had, I think he's undervalued".<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_135_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_135-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following <i>Quatermass</i> she produced such shows as <i><a href="/wiki/Danger_UXB" title="Danger UXB">Danger UXB</a></i> (1979), <i><a href="/wiki/Minder_(TV_series)" title="Minder (TV series)">Minder</a></i> (1979–85; 1988–94) and <i><a href="/wiki/Widows_(TV_series)" title="Widows (TV series)">Widows</a></i> (1983) for Euston before in 1985 forming her own production company, Cinema Verity, which oversaw programmes including <i><a href="/wiki/G.B.H._(TV_series)" title="G.B.H. (TV series)">G.B.H.</a></i> (1991), <i><a href="/wiki/Eldorado_(soap_opera)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eldorado (soap opera)">Eldorado</a></i> (1992–93) and <i><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Creek" title="Jonathan Creek">Jonathan Creek</a></i> (1997–2004).<sup id="cite_ref-Lambert_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lambert-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">OBE</a> in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She died in 2007. </p><p>Producer <a href="/wiki/Ted_Childs" title="Ted Childs">Ted Childs</a> had begun his career with Euston on <i><a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_(TV_series)" title="Special Branch (TV series)">Special Branch</a></i> (1969–74) and had produced episodes of <i>The Sweeney</i> and its film spin-offs <i><a href="/wiki/Sweeney!" title="Sweeney!">Sweeney!</a></i> (1977) and <i><a href="/wiki/Sweeney_2" title="Sweeney 2">Sweeney 2</a></i> (1978).<sup id="cite_ref-Childs_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Childs-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Childs saw <i>Quatermass</i> as a big gamble for Euston, out of step with the company's usual fare.<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_1_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Childs later remarked that Verity Lambert "didn't want to come in and just do the same old routine – the kick bollock and scramble action adventure stuff that made the early name of the company".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He continues to be one of British television's top producers, responsible for such shows as <i><a href="/wiki/Chancer" title="Chancer">Chancer</a></i> (1991), <i><a href="/wiki/Inspector_Morse_(TV_series)" title="Inspector Morse (TV series)">Inspector Morse</a></i> (1987–2000), <i><a href="/wiki/Sharpe_(TV_series)" title="Sharpe (TV series)">Sharpe</a></i> (1993–2006), <i><a href="/wiki/Kavanagh_QC" title="Kavanagh QC">Kavanagh QC</a></i> (1995–2001) and <i><a href="/wiki/Lewis_(TV_series)" title="Lewis (TV series)">Lewis</a></i> (2006–2015).<sup id="cite_ref-Childs_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Childs-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Script editor Linda Agran has since acted as producer of such series as <i>Widows</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Agatha_Christie%27s_Poirot" title="Agatha Christie's Poirot">Agatha Christie's Poirot</a></i> (1989–2013) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Vanishing_Man" title="The Vanishing Man">The Vanishing Man</a></i> (1996).<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filming">Filming</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Filming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The production took place between 26 August and 23 December 1978<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_c_39_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_c_39-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at locations around <a href="/wiki/Middlesex" title="Middlesex">Middlesex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a> as well as London, including Wembley Stadium.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_52_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_52-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The budget was £1.25 million (£9.06 million in 2024), making it one of the most expensive undertakings Euston had attempted at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_1_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Production designer Arnold Chapkis constructed several large and elaborate sets, including those for the megalithic <a href="/wiki/Standing_stone" class="mw-redirect" title="Standing stone">standing stones</a> at Ringstone Round, the Kapps' <a href="/wiki/Radio_telescope" title="Radio telescope">radio telescope</a> and <a href="/wiki/Observatory" title="Observatory">observatory</a>, and the decaying urban landscape of London; Kneale quipped about the radio telescope set that "it probably would have worked if they'd just aimed it properly!"<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_137_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_137-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Associate producer <a href="/wiki/Norton_Knatchbull,_3rd_Earl_Mountbatten_of_Burma" title="Norton Knatchbull, 3rd Earl Mountbatten of Burma">Norton Knatchbull</a> noted that the serial "was the first 'art department' picture Euston has ever been involved in, in the sense that major sets had to be built on location".<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_52_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_52-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This led Euston executive Johnny Goodman to joke: "Our biggest problem was finding someone who wanted the two giant telescope dishes after we finished filming. There's not much demand for such things".<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_2_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One aspect where the budget was less than generous was with the model sequences made by Clearwater Films; Johnny Goodman remarked that the cost was less than <a href="/wiki/James_Bond" title="James Bond">James Bond</a> producer <a href="/wiki/Cubby_Broccoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Cubby Broccoli">Cubby Broccoli</a> "would spend on cigars in a week".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Post-production was completed in mid-February 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_53-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike the original BBC <i>Quatermass</i> serials, which had used <a href="/wiki/Library_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Library music">stock music</a> tracks, the new serial had a specially composed soundtrack by <a href="/wiki/Marc_Wilkinson" title="Marc Wilkinson">Marc Wilkinson</a> and Nic Rowley which made particular use of the <a href="/wiki/Nursery_rhyme" title="Nursery rhyme">nursery rhyme</a> "Huffity, Puffity, Ringstone Round" devised by Kneale in his scripts.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_53-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Broadcast">Broadcast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Broadcast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ITV intended <i>Quatermass</i> to air in September 1979 as the flagship of its autumn season; advertising posters announced, "Earth's dark ancestral forces awaken to a summons from beyond the stars. The legend returns on ITV – Wednesdays at 9 pm throughout September".<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_140_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_140-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <a href="/wiki/Industrial_action" title="Industrial action">industrial action</a> began at ITV on 3 August and escalated into a full-scale blackout from 10 August, leaving the channel—and <i>Quatermass</i>—off the air for 75 days.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_53-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Transmissions were finally restored on Wednesday, 24 October, and the first episode of <i>Quatermass</i> was duly broadcast that night at 9 pm.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_53-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Episode two was promoted in the <i>TV Times</i> with a full-page article by Kneale introducing the new series and looking back on the original 1950s serials, as well as a lifestyle piece with Barbara Kellerman moving house, while episode four was promoted with a full-page profile of John Mills.<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_2_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ratings, averaging 11 million viewers over the four-week run, were below expectations; the serial failed to crack the top 20 programmes in the weeks it was broadcast.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Quatermass</i> met with a generally unenthusiastic critical response. Sean Day-Lewis wrote: "Although Piers Haggard's direction achieves much verisimilitude and the story is certainly enough to command some addiction; I did not feel exactly grabbed; the genre has moved some way since the 1950s and the Professor moves a little slowly for the 1970s".<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_53-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reviewer in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i> found Professor Quatermass "far too unheroic and unresourceful to carry much interest" while <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> found the serial to be "a so-so affair".<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_2_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Brosnan" title="John Brosnan">John Brosnan</a>, writing in <i><a href="/wiki/Starburst_(magazine)" title="Starburst (magazine)">Starburst</a></i> magazine, found the serial to be "a bitter reaction by a member of an older generation to the younger generation whose apparently irrational behaviour makes them appear to belong to a totally different species. Naturally in the traditions of <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">sf</a>, these failings are exaggerated to the nth degree. Thus muggers and juvenile delinquents become armed gangs and the <a href="/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie">hippy</a> movement with its emphasis on mysticism, becomes the Planet Church. It's very much a story of Age versus Youth and significantly it's the older people who are impervious to the malign alien influence".<sup id="cite_ref-Brosnan_278_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brosnan_278-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This view is echoed by filmmaker John Carpenter who said that "Nigel was very embittered about the way of the world, as was shown, I think, in <i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reflecting on the serial, Nigel Kneale said that he was not satisfied with that project.<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_137_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_137-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Kneale was pleased with the high production values, he was dissatisfied with the casting, believing that John Mills "didn't have the authority for Quatermass".<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_139_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_139-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was similarly unimpressed with Simon MacCorkindale, noting that "we had him in <i>Beasts</i> playing an idiot and he was very good at that".<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_52_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_52-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kneale disliked the depiction of the Planet People, as his inspiration had been angry <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punks</a> rather than hippies (as evidenced by his portrayal of Kickalong as a gun-toting lunatic who commits multiple motiveless murders).<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_2_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Producer Ted Childs thinks that "the primary problems with it were (a) it was perhaps too depressing a story for a popular television audience and (b) the punters were used to a fairly high standard of technical presentation from American television... And we just couldn't afford that".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Executive producer Verity Lambert's opinion is that it "didn't have the staying power of the originals, but then that's almost inevitable when you try to bring something back in a slightly different form".<sup id="cite_ref-Murray_139_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murray_139-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_media">Other media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the outset, Euston intended to create two versions of the story; a four-part serial for broadcast on UK television and a 100-minute film, <i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i>, for distribution abroad. While writing the scripts, Kneale was "careful not to pad, because I knew that was the obvious thing, but to write in material which can be removed".<sup id="cite_ref-Screen_1_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is one major plot deviation between the two versions; in the TV serial, Quatermass is separated from Annie Morgan as they transport Isabel to a London hospital, after Quatermass is dragged from the passenger seat of the moving vehicle by a member of the Blue Brigade. This scene is slightly changed in the film version so that Quatermass manages to stay on board the vehicle with Annie and Isabel, despite the Blue Brigade attack, enabling Quatermass to stay with Annie and Isabel as they go into the hospital. This meant that two versions of the hospital scene where Isabel dies were shot, one with Quatermass present (the film version) and one without (the television version), as well as an earlier scene at the hospital unique to the film version where Quatermass talks on the telephone. As Quatermass is present at the hospital in the film version, it enabled all the footage from the TV serial featuring Quatermass with people at the junkyard, following his separation from Annie and Isabel, to be cut out of the film and thus greatly help in getting <i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i> down to around 100 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_Dark_Door_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_Dark_Door-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was little interest among film distributors in <i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i>, and it received only a limited theatrical release.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_54_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_54-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The story was novelised by Nigel Kneale, his first book since his <a href="/wiki/Somerset_Maugham_Award" title="Somerset Maugham Award">Somerset Maugham Award</a>-winning <a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">short story</a> collection <i>Tomato Cain</i> was published in 1949. The novelisation expanded on the backgrounds of many of the characters seen in the story, and added a deeper, more physical, relationship between Quatermass and Annie Morgan. It was this version of the story with which Kneale was most pleased.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_Dark_Door_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_Dark_Door-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i> was released on <a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> <a href="/wiki/Videotape" title="Videotape">videotape</a> in 1985 while the complete four-part <i>Quatermass</i> serial was released in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-Pixley_b_54_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pixley_b_54-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Quatermass</i>, along with <i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i> was released on <a href="/wiki/DVD_region_code#Region_codes_and_countries" title="DVD region code">region 2</a> <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> in 2003 by Clearvision in a three disc boxset; extras included a <a href="/wiki/Sci_Fi_Channel_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sci Fi Channel (United Kingdom)">Sci-Fi Channel</a> interview with Nigel Kneale and extensive production notes.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A two disc <a href="/wiki/DVD_region_code#Region_codes_and_countries" title="DVD region code">region 1</a> DVD of <i>Quatermass</i> was released by <a href="/wiki/A%26E_Television_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="A&E Television Networks">A&E Home Entertainment</a> in 2005, and contained both the television and film versions as well as a <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (U.S. TV channel)">History Channel</a> documentary about <a href="/wiki/Stonehenge" title="Stonehenge">Stonehenge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2015, Network Distributing released the series on <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray disc</a> for the first time, remastered from the original 35mm film negatives. Network simultaneously released the series as a remastered DVD set. Both sets (Region B/Region 2 respectively) also contain <i>The Quatermass Conclusion</i> film, also remastered and presented in its original theatrical aspect ratio.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-knealescreen-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-knealescreen_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAngelini" class="citation web cs1">Angelini, Sergio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/458926/index.html">"Kneale, Nigel (1922–2006)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screenonline" title="Screenonline">Screenonline</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kneale%2C+Nigel+%281922%E2%80%932006%29&rft.pub=Screenonline&rft.aulast=Angelini&rft.aufirst=Sergio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.screenonline.org.uk%2Fpeople%2Fid%2F458926%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murray_passim-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_passim_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_passim_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_passim_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_passim_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray, <i>Into the Unknown</i>, <i>passim</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pixley_c_39-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_c_39_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_c_39_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pixley, <i>The Quatermass Collection – Viewing Notes</i>, p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Screen_1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_1_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_1_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_1_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_1_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_1_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Screen, <i>Production Notes</i>, Disc 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pixley, <i>All the Rage of the World</i>, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0914110/">Joe Waters</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (April 2022)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pixley_b_50-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_50_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pixley, <i>All the Rage of the World</i>, p. 50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Garrard_15-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Garrard_15_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Garrard_15_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Garrard & Houldsworth, <i>Fantasy Flashback: Quatermass</i>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murray_120-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_120_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_120_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray, <i>Into the Unknown</i>, p. 120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murray_135-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_135_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_135_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray, <i>Into the Unknown</i>, p. 135.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pixley_b_51-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_51_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_51_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_51_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pixley, <i>All the Rage of the World</i>, p. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pixley_Dark_Door-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_Dark_Door_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_Dark_Door_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_Dark_Door_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pixley & Kneale, <i>Beyond the Dark Door</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pixley, <i>All the Rage of the World</i>, p. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murray_119-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Murray_119_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray, <i>Into the Unknown</i>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Screen_2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_2_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_2_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_2_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_2_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Screen_2_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Screen, <i>Production Notes</i>, Disc 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murray_137-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_137_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_137_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_137_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_137_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray, <i>Into the Unknown</i>, p. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rigby, <i>Ancient Fears</i>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rigby, <i>Ancient Fears</i>, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mills-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mills_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mills_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0590055/">John Mills</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacCorkindale-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacCorkindale_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacCorkindale_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0531546/">Simon MacCorkindale</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0445808/">Barbara Kellerman</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0078674/"><i>Quatermass (1979)</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haggard-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haggard_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haggard_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0353592/">Piers Haggard</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lambert-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lambert_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lambert_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVahimagi" class="citation web cs1">Vahimagi, Tise. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/550923/index.html">"Lambert, Verity (1935– )"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Screenonline" title="Screenonline">Screenonline</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screenonline&rft.atitle=Lambert%2C+Verity+%281935%E2%80%93+%29&rft.aulast=Vahimagi&rft.aufirst=Tise&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.screenonline.org.uk%2Fpeople%2Fid%2F550923%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray, <i>Into the Unknown</i>, p. 81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/1734557.stm">"Honours: Film and broadcasting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Online" title="BBC News Online">BBC News Online</a></i>. 31 January 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+Online&rft.atitle=Honours%3A+Film+and+broadcasting&rft.date=2001-01-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2Ftv_and_radio%2F1734557.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Childs-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Childs_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Childs_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0157595/">Ted Childs</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alvarado & Stewart, <i>Made for Television</i>, p. 86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0013268/">Linda Agran</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pixley_b_52-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_52_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_52_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_52_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pixley, <i>All the Rage of the World</i>, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Garrard & Houlsworth, <i>Fantasy Flashback: Quatermass</i>, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pixley_b_53-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_53_32-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pixley, <i>All the Rage of the World</i>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murray_140-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Murray_140_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray, <i>Into the Unknown</i>, p. 140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alvarado & Stewart, <i>Made for Television</i>, p. 202.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brosnan_278-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brosnan_278_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brosnan, <i>The Primal Screen</i>, p. 278.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brosnan, <i>The Primal Screen</i>, p. 284.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murray_139-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_139_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murray_139_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Murray, <i>Into the Unknown</i>, p. 139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alvarado & Stewart, <i>Made for Television</i>, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pixley_b_54-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_54_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pixley_b_54_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pixley, <i>All the Rage of the World</i>, p. 54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2003" class="citation web cs1">Campbell, Mark (4 April 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dvdtimes.co.uk/content.php?contentid=5325">"Quatermass"</a>. <i>www.dvdtimes.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dvdtimes.co.uk&rft.atitle=Quatermass&rft.date=2003-04-04&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dvdtimes.co.uk%2Fcontent.php%3Fcontentid%3D5325&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambert2005" class="citation web cs1">Lambert, David (13 February 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110525103804/http://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Quatermass/2910">"Quatermass – Prof. Quatermass' last adventure comes to DVD"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Tvshowsondvd.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Tvshowsondvd.com">www.tvshowsondvd.com</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvshowsondvd.com/news/Quatermass/2910">the original</a> on 25 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.tvshowsondvd.com&rft.atitle=Quatermass+%E2%80%93+Prof.+Quatermass%27+last+adventure+comes+to+DVD&rft.date=2005-02-13&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvshowsondvd.com%2Fnews%2FQuatermass%2F2910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://networkonair.com/shop/2248-quatermass-blu-ray--5027626802646.html">Network On Air (Quatermass blu-ray)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150627232910/http://networkonair.com/shop/2248-quatermass-blu-ray--5027626802646.html">Archived</a> 27 June 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlvaradoJohn_Stewart1985" class="citation book cs1">Alvarado, Manuel; John Stewart (1985). <i>Made for Television. Euston Films Limited</i>. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-423-01310-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-423-01310-8"><bdi>978-0-423-01310-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Made+for+Television.+Euston+Films+Limited&rft.place=London&rft.pub=British+Film+Institute&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-423-01310-8&rft.aulast=Alvarado&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rft.au=John+Stewart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrosnan1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Brosnan" title="John Brosnan">Brosnan, John</a> (1991). <i>The Primal Screen. A History of Science Fiction Film</i>. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: Orbit. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-356-20222-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-356-20222-8"><bdi>978-0-356-20222-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Primal+Screen.+A+History+of+Science+Fiction+Film&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Orbit&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-356-20222-8&rft.aulast=Brosnan&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Das, John (producer & director) (2003). <i>Time Shift: The Kneale Tapes</i> (The Quatermass Collection DVD Special Feature). <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: BBC Worldwide. BBCDVD1478.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Time+Shift%3A+The+Kneale+Tapes&rft.place=London&rft.pub=BBC+Worldwide.+BBCDVD1478&rft.date=2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFulton1997" class="citation book cs1">Fulton, Roger (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaoftv0000fult"><i>The Encyclopedia of TV Science Fiction</i></a></span> (3rd ed.). <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: Boxtree. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7522-1150-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7522-1150-3"><bdi>978-0-7522-1150-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+TV+Science+Fiction&rft.place=London&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Boxtree&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-7522-1150-3&rft.aulast=Fulton&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaoftv0000fult&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarrardHouldsworth,_Richard1990" class="citation magazine cs1">Garrard, Ian; Houldsworth, Richard (February 1990). "Fantasy Flashback: Quatermass". <i><a href="/wiki/TV_Zone" title="TV Zone">TV Zone</a></i>. No. 15. pp. 24–27. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0957-3844">0957-3844</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TV+Zone&rft.atitle=Fantasy+Flashback%3A+Quatermass&rft.issue=15&rft.pages=24-27&rft.date=1990-02&rft.issn=0957-3844&rft.aulast=Garrard&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.au=Houldsworth%2C+Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Kneale, Nigel (writer); Haggard, Piers (director); Childs, Ted (producer); Lambert, Verity (executive producer) (1979). <i>Quatermass</i> (Television serial). <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: <a href="/wiki/Euston_Films" title="Euston Films">Euston Films</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Quatermass&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Euston+Films&rft.date=1979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurray2006" class="citation book cs1">Murray, Andy (2006). <i>Into The Unknown: The Fantastic Life of Nigel Kneale</i>. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: Headpress. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-900486-50-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-900486-50-7"><bdi>978-1-900486-50-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Into+The+Unknown%3A+The+Fantastic+Life+of+Nigel+Kneale&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Headpress&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-900486-50-7&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Andy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPixleyKneale,_Nigel1986" class="citation magazine cs1">Pixley, Andrew; <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Kneale" title="Nigel Kneale">Kneale, Nigel</a> (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.the-mausoleum-club.org.uk/timescreen/Trial%208/darkdo.htm">"Nigel Kneale – Beyond the Dark Door"</a>. <i>Time Screen: the Magazine of British Telefantasy</i>. No. 9<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+Screen%3A+the+Magazine+of+British+Telefantasy&rft.atitle=Nigel+Kneale+%E2%80%93+Beyond+the+Dark+Door&rft.issue=9&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Pixley&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Kneale%2C+Nigel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-mausoleum-club.org.uk%2Ftimescreen%2FTrial%25208%2Fdarkdo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPixley2003" class="citation magazine cs1">Pixley, Andrew (April 2003). "All the Rage of the World. Flashback: The Quatermass Conclusion". <i><a href="/wiki/TV_Zone" title="TV Zone">TV Zone</a></i>. No. 161. pp. 48–54. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0957-3844">0957-3844</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TV+Zone&rft.atitle=All+the+Rage+of+the+World.+Flashback%3A+The+Quatermass+Conclusion&rft.issue=161&rft.pages=48-54&rft.date=2003-04&rft.issn=0957-3844&rft.aulast=Pixley&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPixley2005" class="citation book cs1">Pixley, Andrew (2005). <i>The Quatermass Collection – Viewing Notes</i>. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: BBC Worldwide. BBCDVD1478.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Quatermass+Collection+%E2%80%93+Viewing+Notes&rft.place=London&rft.pub=BBC+Worldwide&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Pixley&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRigby2000" class="citation magazine cs1">Rigby, Jonathan (September 2000). "Ancient Fears. The film and television nightmares of Nigel Kneale". <i><a href="/wiki/Starburst_(magazine)" title="Starburst (magazine)">Starburst</a></i>. No. 265. pp. 48–57. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0955-114X">0955-114X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Starburst&rft.atitle=Ancient+Fears.+The+film+and+television+nightmares+of+Nigel+Kneale&rft.issue=265&rft.pages=48-57&rft.date=2000-09&rft.issn=0955-114X&rft.aulast=Rigby&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Screen, Andrew (2003). <i>Production Notes</i> (Quatermass DVD Special Feature). <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: Clearvision Video. QBOXDVD01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Production+Notes&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Clearvision+Video.+QBOXDVD01&rft.date=2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQuatermass+%28TV+serial%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quatermass_(TV_serial)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0078674/"><i>Quatermass (Serial)</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0823523/"><i>Quatermass (Film)</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/quatermass_conclusion"><i>Quatermass (Film)</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/id/442672/"><i>Quatermass</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">BFI</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Screenonline" title="Screenonline">Screenonline</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geocities.ws/linwood//cine/Cinema%20Britain1/quatermass.html">The Quatermass Trilogy – A Controlled Paranoia</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Nigel_Kneale" title="Template:Nigel Kneale"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nigel_Kneale" title="Template talk:Nigel Kneale"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nigel_Kneale" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nigel Kneale"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Works_by_Nigel_Kneale" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Works by <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Kneale" title="Nigel Kneale">Nigel Kneale</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Quatermass" title="Bernard Quatermass">Bernard Quatermass</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Quatermass_Experiment" title="The Quatermass Experiment">The Quatermass Experiment</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quatermass_II" title="Quatermass II">Quatermass II</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quatermass_and_the_Pit" title="Quatermass and the Pit">Quatermass and the Pit</a></i> (1958-59)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Quatermass</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Quatermass_Experiment_(film)" title="The Quatermass Experiment (film)">The Quatermass Experiment</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Quatermass_Xperiment" title="The Quatermass Xperiment">The Quatermass Xperiment</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quatermass_2" title="Quatermass 2">Quatermass 2</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quatermass_and_the_Pit_(film)" title="Quatermass and the Pit (film)">Quatermass and the Pit</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Quatermass Conclusion</a></i> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Quatermass_Memoirs" title="The Quatermass Memoirs">The Quatermass Memoirs</a></i> (1996)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other television scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arrow_to_the_Heart" title="Arrow to the Heart">Arrow to the Heart</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wuthering_Heights_(1953_TV_play)" title="Wuthering Heights (1953 TV play)">Wuthering Heights</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four_(British_TV_programme)" title="Nineteen Eighty-Four (British TV programme)">Nineteen Eighty-Four</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wuthering_Heights_(1959_film)" title="Wuthering Heights (1959 film)">Wuthering Heights</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Year_of_the_Sex_Olympics" title="The Year of the Sex Olympics">The Year of the Sex Olympics</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Stone_Tape" title="The Stone Tape">The Stone Tape</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bedtime_Stories_(1974_TV_series)" title="Bedtime Stories (1974 TV series)">Bedtime Stories</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beasts_(TV_series)" title="Beasts (TV series)">Beasts</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kinvig" title="Kinvig">Kinvig</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Woman_in_Black_(1989_film)" title="The Woman in Black (1989 film)">The Woman in Black</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stanley_and_the_Women" title="Stanley and the Women">Stanley and the Women</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sharpe%27s_Gold_(TV_programme)" title="Sharpe's Gold (TV programme)">Sharpe's Gold</a></i> (1995)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other film scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Abominable_Snowman_(film)" title="The Abominable Snowman (film)">The Abominable Snowman</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Look_Back_in_Anger_(1959_film)" title="Look Back in Anger (1959 film)">Look Back in Anger</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Entertainer_(film)" title="The Entertainer (film)">The Entertainer</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/H.M.S._Defiant" title="H.M.S. Defiant">H.M.S. Defiant</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Men_in_the_Moon_(1964_film)" title="First Men in the Moon (1964 film)">First Men in the Moon</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Witches_(1966_film)" title="The Witches (1966 film)">The Witches</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Halloween_III:_Season_of_the_Witch" title="Halloween III: Season of the Witch">Halloween III: Season of the Witch</a></i> (1982)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_S%C3%A9ance_at_Hobs_Lane" title="The Séance at Hobs Lane">The Séance at Hobs Lane</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Films_directed_by_Piers_Haggard" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Piers_Haggard" title="Template:Piers Haggard"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Piers_Haggard" title="Template talk:Piers Haggard"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Piers_Haggard" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Piers Haggard"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_Piers_Haggard" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a href="/wiki/Piers_Haggard" title="Piers Haggard">Piers Haggard</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Can%27t..._I_Can%27t" title="I Can't... I Can't">I Can't... I Can't</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blood_on_Satan%27s_Claw" title="The Blood on Satan's Claw">The Blood on Satan's Claw</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Quatermass</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fiendish_Plot_of_Dr._Fu_Manchu" title="The Fiendish Plot of Dr. Fu Manchu">The Fiendish Plot of Dr. Fu Manchu</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Venom_(1981_film)" title="Venom (1981 film)">Venom</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Summer_Story" title="A Summer Story">A Summer Story</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Eyes_and_Six_Guns" title="Four Eyes and Six Guns">Four Eyes and Six Guns</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conquest_(1998_film)" title="Conquest (1998 film)">Conquest</a></i> (1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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