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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Collection of plants arranged closely together in a garden</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arley_Hall_Herbaceous_Border.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Arley_Hall_Herbaceous_Border.jpg/220px-Arley_Hall_Herbaceous_Border.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Arley_Hall_Herbaceous_Border.jpg/330px-Arley_Hall_Herbaceous_Border.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Arley_Hall_Herbaceous_Border.jpg/440px-Arley_Hall_Herbaceous_Border.jpg 2x" data-file-width="628" data-file-height="454" /></a><figcaption>Herbaceous border at <a href="/wiki/Arley_Hall" title="Arley Hall">Arley Hall</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Waterloo_Park_Norwich_Herbaceous_Border.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Waterloo_Park_Norwich_Herbaceous_Border.JPG/220px-Waterloo_Park_Norwich_Herbaceous_Border.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Waterloo_Park_Norwich_Herbaceous_Border.JPG/330px-Waterloo_Park_Norwich_Herbaceous_Border.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Waterloo_Park_Norwich_Herbaceous_Border.JPG/440px-Waterloo_Park_Norwich_Herbaceous_Border.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Park,_Norwich" title="Waterloo Park, Norwich">Waterloo Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norwich" title="Norwich">Norwich</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>herbaceous border</b> is a collection of <a href="/wiki/Perennial_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial plant">perennial</a> <a href="/wiki/Herbaceous_plant" title="Herbaceous plant">herbaceous plants</a> (plants that live for more than two years and are soft-stemmed and non-woody) arranged closely together, usually to create a dramatic effect through colour, shape or large scale. The term herbaceous border is mostly in use in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a>. In North America, the term <b>perennial border</b> is normally used. </p><p>Herbaceous borders as they are known today were first popularly used in gardens in the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a>. Hybridization and new imported plant species revolutionized the form of British gardens in the 18th and 19th centuries. In addition, the works of <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Jekyll" title="Gertrude Jekyll">Gertrude Jekyll</a>, a British 20th-century garden designer and prolific writer, popularized the use of the <i>herbaceous border</i> through a revival of the British <a href="/wiki/Cottage_garden" title="Cottage garden">cottage garden</a>. </p><p>Maintaining the herbaceous border is work-intensive, as the perennials have to be dug up every 3–4 years and divided to keep the bed clean-looking and prevent overgrowth of the plants. In <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> this type of border became less popular in Britain as there was a shortage of labour to keep the gardens maintained. However, there are still some celebrated examples in British gardens. According to the <i><a href="/wiki/Guinness_Book_of_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinness Book of Records">Guinness Book of Records</a></i>, the world's longest herbaceous border, at 215 metres (705 ft), is at <a href="/wiki/Dirleton_Castle" title="Dirleton Castle">Dirleton Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Lothian" title="East Lothian">East Lothian</a>, Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbaceous_border&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbaceous_border&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/dirleton/dirletoncastle/">"Dirleton Castle & Gardens"</a>. Undiscovered Scotland<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dirleton+Castle+%26+Gardens&rft.pub=Undiscovered+Scotland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk%2Fdirleton%2Fdirletoncastle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerbaceous+border" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbaceous_border&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_Der_Horst1995" class="citation book cs1">van Der Horst, Arend Jan (1995) [1994]. "Herbaceous Borders". <i>Art of the Formal Garden</i>. Trans. from Dutch by Mary Charles. London: Cassell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-304-34742-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-304-34742-6"><bdi>0-304-34742-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Herbaceous+Borders&rft.btitle=Art+of+the+Formal+Garden&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Cassell&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-304-34742-6&rft.aulast=van+Der+Horst&rft.aufirst=Arend+Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerbaceous+border" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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