Can Large Language Models Understand ‘Meaning’?

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pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='83450'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hull_video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Video interview with Pincelli Hull." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hull_video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hull_video_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hull_video_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Hull_video_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color 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kern pangram o8'> 02:11 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='80995'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> 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d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 02:39 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='78691'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Liskov_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Video interview with Barbara Liskov addressing the challenges that confront computer science." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Liskov_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Liskov_1920x1080_Video-520x293.jpg 520w, 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data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='78345'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Virginia Trimble interview." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Virginia Trimble on How Astronomy Has Changed </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 02:52 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='76258'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/WehnerQA_videocover-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Stephanie Wehner speaking to the camera, framed by two computer monitors on her desk in the background." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/WehnerQA_videocover-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/WehnerQA_videocover-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/WehnerQA_videocover-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/WehnerQA_videocover.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Stephanie Wehner Aims to Build a Quantum Internet </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 02:00 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='75616'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Craig-Calender_1920x1080_VC-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Craig-Calender_1920x1080_VC-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Craig-Calender_1920x1080_VC-520x293.jpg 520w, 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class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='75407'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Interview video of Iyad Rahwan." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Iyad Rahwan: Why We Need a Science of Machine Behavior </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 03:30 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='74764'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Carlo Rubbia on the Future of Particle Physics </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg 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https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Greg-Johnson_VideoCover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Greg-Johnson_VideoCover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Greg-Johnson_VideoCover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Greg Johnson on A.I. That Sees Inside Cells </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 02:18 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='73957'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Hod Lipson Builds Consciousness Into a Robot </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:53 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='73464'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Lee Smolin on the Impossibility of Studying the Universe </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 04:27 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='72843'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Amie Wilkinson on the Mathematics of Change </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:46 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='71677'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/EO_Wilson_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="PHOTO: EO Wilson looking into the camera lens with eyeglasses in his hand." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/EO_Wilson_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, 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Wilson on the Evolution of Social Behaviors </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 04:58 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='70885'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/JimGunn_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/JimGunn_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, 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o8'> 02:06 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='69988'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Ecologist Jennifer Dunne on Humans’ Place in Food Webs </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 02:56 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='69203'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" 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pangram o8'> 01:29 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='67554'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Carolina Araujo in her classroom at IMPA" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01.jpg 1920w" 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o8'> 00050 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='66073'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Martin Rees with his dog, Masha, in his home in Cambridge, England." decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" 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class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='56019'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Photo of Dan Goldman" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span 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fill-v mxa" alt="Photo of Gil Kalai in the library" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Kalai_1920x1080_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Kalai_1920x1080_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Kalai_1920x1080_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Kalai_1920x1080_01.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Gil Kalai: Why Quantum Computers Won’t Work </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' 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Expansion Microscopy </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:00 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='54558'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/RichardSchwartz_Video_04-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/RichardSchwartz_Video_04-1720x968.jpg 1720w, 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l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 00054 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='49916'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Ghez_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Andrea Ghez at Keck Observatory HQ" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Ghez_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Ghez_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Ghez_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Ghez_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> 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relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Maudlin_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Tim Maudlin" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Maudlin_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Maudlin_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Maudlin_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Maudlin_1920x1080.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Tim Maudlin: A Defense of the Reality 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https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Elena_Vid_2K-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Elena_Vid_2K.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Elena Aprile: In the Deep, a Drive to Find Dark Matter </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:30 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41359'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1280" height="720" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/conrad_thumbnail_blackboard.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/conrad_thumbnail_blackboard.jpg 1280w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/conrad_thumbnail_blackboard-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/conrad_thumbnail_blackboard-768x432.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Janet Conrad: On a Hunt for a Ghost of a Particle </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 02:33 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41358'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Verlinde_YT-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Erik Verlinde by Ilvy Njiokiktjien for Quanta Magazine" decoding="async" 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l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:09 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41356'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1280" height="720" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/cynthia_dwork.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/cynthia_dwork.jpg 1280w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/cynthia_dwork-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/cynthia_dwork-768x432.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Cynthia Dwork: How to Force Our Machines to Play Fair </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 03:13 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41348'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1280" height="720" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/richard_lenski.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/richard_lenski.jpg 1280w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/richard_lenski-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/richard_lenski-768x432.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Richard Lenski: A Conductor of Evolution’s Subtle Symphony </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:10 </span> 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https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/JL_01-520x356.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/JL_01-768x526.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Janna Levin on Science and Culture </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:32 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' 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Tests Seek the Universe’s Big Mysteries </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:28 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41304'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1000" height="560" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Dave_Moore_01.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Inside this chamber, silica spheres probe for hidden extra dimensions, distortions of gravity, and dark-matter particles. | Peter DaSilva for Quanta Magazine" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Dave_Moore_01.jpg 1000w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Dave_Moore_01-520x291.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Dave_Moore_01-768x430.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> David Moore: Tabletop Physics </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:59 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41302'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Hoffman_Vid-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Hoffman_Vid-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Hoffman_Vid-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Hoffman_Vid-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Hoffman_Vid.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> The Evolutionary Argument Against Reality </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 02:13 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41301'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1000" height="560" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Deamer_1K.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Deamer_1K.jpg 1000w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Deamer_1K-520x291.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Deamer_1K-768x430.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> David Deamer: How We’re Studying the Origins of Life </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:57 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41300'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="613" height="343" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Atiyah_01_613x343.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Atiyah_01_613x343.jpg 613w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Atiyah_01_613x343-520x291.jpg 520w" sizes="(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Michael Atiyah’s Imaginative State of Mind </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 00:58 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41299'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1000" height="560" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/LeslieValiant_Lead_00.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/LeslieValiant_Lead_00.jpg 1000w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/LeslieValiant_Lead_00-520x291.jpg 520w, 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icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:20 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41297'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="615" height="350" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/ChristophAdami.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/ChristophAdami.jpg 615w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/ChristophAdami-520x296.jpg 520w" sizes="(max-width: 615px) 100vw, 615px" /> </div> </div> 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<span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Gabriela González: Searching the Sky for the Wobbles of Gravity </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:24 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41111'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/maxresdefault-3-1720x968.jpg" 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M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:45 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41105'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1280" height="720" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/maxresdefault-2.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/maxresdefault-2.jpg 1280w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/maxresdefault-2-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/maxresdefault-2-768x432.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Hiranya Peiris: How to Test If We Live in a Multiverse </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 02:15 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41103'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1720" height="968" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Guth1-1720x968.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Guth1-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Guth1-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Guth1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Guth1.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> Alan Guth: How Many Two-Headed Cows in a Multiverse? </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 01:28 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='glide__slide'> <div class='video__hero__card fill-h pointer ' data-function='trigger' data-name='video' data-id='41096'> <div class='relative'> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard '> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="640" height="360" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/DysonPaintingStill.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/DysonPaintingStill.jpg 640w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/DysonPaintingStill-520x293.jpg 520w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /> </div> </div> <button class='play-button relative absolute fit-x mxa' title='Play' > <span class='__circle absolute fit-x transition--color text-white'></span> <span class='__icon absolute text-ff8600'></span> </button> </div> <h3 class='noe o8 mt1 mb025'> A ‘Rebel’ Without a Ph.D. </h3> <div class='flex flex-items-center '> <svg class='o2 icon-s mr05' x='0px' y='0px' viewbox='0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M25,0C11.2,0,0,11.2,0,25c0,13.8,11.2,25,25,25c13.8,0,25-11.2,25-25C50,11.2,38.8,0,25,0z M31.6,33.3l-8.5-7.5V13.2h3.7v11 l7.2,6.4L31.6,33.3z'></path></svg> <span class='h6 kern pangram o8'> 05:19 </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-glide-el='controls'> <button class='glide__arrow--prev slideshow__controls flickity-prev-next-button previous' data-glide-dir='|<' aria-label='previous'> <svg viewbox='0 0 100 100'><path d='M 10,50 L 60,100 L 70,90 L 30,50 L 70,10 L 60,0 Z' transform=''></path></svg> </button> <button class='glide__arrow--next slideshow__controls flickity-prev-next-button next' data-glide-dir='|>' aria-label='next'> <svg viewbox='0 0 100 100'><path d='M 10,50 L 60,100 L 70,90 L 30,50 L 70,10 L 60,0 Z' transform='translate(100, 100) rotate(180)'></path></svg> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <section class='outer video__listing' id='explore-all-videos'> <div class='mha container--m'> <div class='pv2 mt2 align-c'> <h2 class='h1 noe mv0'>Explore All Videos</h2> </div> <div class='flex grid--small mhn1'> <div class='three--large two--small ph1'> <div class='card clearfix mv05 pv1 is-always-grid-variant'> <div class='card__image mr1 mb1' data-toggle-hover='card'> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/space-time-the-biggest-problem-in-physics/' class='relative'> <span class='screen-reader-text'>Space-Time: The Biggest Problem in Physics</span> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard'> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1920" height="1080" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spacetime-YT-Thumbnail-02a.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spacetime-YT-Thumbnail-02a.jpg 1920w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spacetime-YT-Thumbnail-02a-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spacetime-YT-Thumbnail-02a-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spacetime-YT-Thumbnail-02a-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spacetime-YT-Thumbnail-02a-1536x864.jpg 1536w" sizes="(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px" /> </div> </div> <div class='card__image__icon absolute fit-l fit-b px1'> <svg class='icon block white' x='0px' y='0px' viewBox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M1.8,0.2v49.6h46.5V0.2H1.8z M11.1,46.7H4.9v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M11.1,37.4H4.9v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M11.1,28.1H4.9v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M11.1,18.8H4.9v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M11.1,9.5H4.9V3.3h6.2V9.5z M35.8,46.7H14.2V28.1h21.7V46.7z M35.8,21.9H14.2V3.3h21.7V21.9z M45.1,46.7h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M45.1,37.4h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M45.1,28.1h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M45.1,18.8h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M45.1,9.5h-6.2V3.3h6.2V9.5z'></path></svg> </div> </a> </div> <div class='card__content '> <div class='mb1 pb025 mt0 h6t card__kicker'> <a class="kicker theme__accent theme__text-hover uppercase" href="/videos/playlist/explainers/">Explainers</a> </div> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/space-time-the-biggest-problem-in-physics/' data-toggle-hover='card'> <h3 class='card__title noe mv0 theme__accent-hover transition--color h2t'> Space-Time: The Biggest Problem in Physics </h3> </a> <div class='card__meta mb0 mt025 flex flex-items-center flex-wrap'> <div class='byline relative flex flex-items-start merriweather mv025 mr1 gray3 h6t theme__text-hover'> <em class='byline__by gray4 mr075'>By </em> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/ebuder/'> <span class='byline__author uppercase kern light small'>Emily Buder</span> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative h6'></span> <div class='card-date h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='uppercase mr1 kern small gray3'>September 25, 2024</div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative'></span> </div> <div class='card__actions h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='comments-button mr05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-name='comment-bubble' > <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/space-time-the-biggest-problem-in-physics/#comments' class='flex flex-items-center pangram'> <svg viewbox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class='o2'><title>Comment</title><path fill='currentColor' d='M9.4 4.2h31.2c8.6 0 9.4 7 9.4 15.6s-.7 15.6-9.4 15.6h-2.2l-.9 9.4-18.8-9.4H9.4c-8.6 0-9.4-7-9.4-15.6S.7 4.2 9.4 4.2z'></path></svg> <div> <span class='comments-button__count ml075 small mbold disqus-comment-count' data-disqus-identifier='142046 https://www.quantamagazine.org/?p=142046'></span> </div> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider mh075 relative'></span> <div class='relative'> <button class='bookmark-button mh05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-toggle-hover='tooltip' data-id='142046' data-active-class='' aria-expanded='false'> <svg class="icon" viewbox="0 0 50 50" enable-background="new 0 0 50 50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>Save Article</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M2.1 0h45.8v50L25.5 37.5 2.1 50V0z"></path></svg> </button> <div class='q-tooltip hidden force-mobile-placement w-32 ml-n16 -top-10'> <div class='q-tooltip-content'> <div class='q-tooltip-arrow -bottom-3'></div> <div class='q-tooltip-inner py-1 pl-1' role='tooltip'> <div class='h6t relative z1 uppercase kern--w mx025'> <span class='small no-wrap'>Read Later</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='card__excerpt h5 pangram o6 mb4 mt025'> <p>What is the deepest level of reality? In this Quanta explainer, Vijay Balasubramanian, a physicist at the University of Pennsylvania, takes us on a journey through space-time to investigate what it’s made of, why it’s failing us, and where physics can go next.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='three--large two--small ph1'> <div class='card clearfix mv05 pv1 is-always-grid-variant'> <div class='card__image mr1 mb1' data-toggle-hover='card'> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/searching-for-dark-matter-with-a-tabletop-quantum-compass/' class='relative'> <span class='screen-reader-text'>Searching for Dark Matter with a Tabletop ‘Quantum Compass’</span> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard'> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1920" height="1080" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson.webp" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="Close-up portrait of a man reaching for something in a laboratory." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson.webp 1920w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson-1720x968.webp 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson-520x293.webp 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson-768x432.webp 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson-1536x864.webp 1536w" sizes="(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px" /> </div> </div> <div class='card__image__icon absolute fit-l fit-b px1'> <svg class='icon block white' x='0px' y='0px' viewBox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M1.8,0.2v49.6h46.5V0.2H1.8z M11.1,46.7H4.9v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M11.1,37.4H4.9v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M11.1,28.1H4.9v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M11.1,18.8H4.9v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M11.1,9.5H4.9V3.3h6.2V9.5z M35.8,46.7H14.2V28.1h21.7V46.7z M35.8,21.9H14.2V3.3h21.7V21.9z M45.1,46.7h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M45.1,37.4h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M45.1,28.1h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M45.1,18.8h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M45.1,9.5h-6.2V3.3h6.2V9.5z'></path></svg> </div> </a> </div> <div class='card__content '> <div class='mb1 pb025 mt0 h6t card__kicker'> <a class="kicker theme__accent theme__text-hover uppercase" href="/videos/playlist/scientist-interviews/">Interviews</a> </div> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/searching-for-dark-matter-with-a-tabletop-quantum-compass/' data-toggle-hover='card'> <h3 class='card__title noe mv0 theme__accent-hover transition--color h2t'> Searching for Dark Matter with a Tabletop ‘Quantum Compass’ </h3> </a> <div class='card__meta mb0 mt025 flex flex-items-center flex-wrap'> <div class='byline relative flex flex-items-start merriweather mv025 mr1 gray3 h6t theme__text-hover'> <em class='byline__by gray4 mr075'>By </em> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/ebuder/'> <span class='byline__author uppercase kern light small'>Emily Buder</span> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative h6'></span> <div class='card-date h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='uppercase mr1 kern small gray3'>May 31, 2024</div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative'></span> </div> <div class='card__actions h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='comments-button mr05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-name='comment-bubble' > <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/searching-for-dark-matter-with-a-tabletop-quantum-compass/#comments' class='flex flex-items-center pangram'> <svg viewbox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class='o2'><title>Comment</title><path fill='currentColor' d='M9.4 4.2h31.2c8.6 0 9.4 7 9.4 15.6s-.7 15.6-9.4 15.6h-2.2l-.9 9.4-18.8-9.4H9.4c-8.6 0-9.4-7-9.4-15.6S.7 4.2 9.4 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</div> </div> </div> <div class='card__excerpt h5 pangram o6 mb4 mt025'> <p>The physicist Alex Sushkov has developed one of the most targeted magnetic resonance experiments to date with the aim of detecting a hypothetical dark matter particle called the axion.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='three--large two--small ph1'> <div class='card clearfix mv05 pv1 is-always-grid-variant'> <div class='card__image mr1 mb1' data-toggle-hover='card'> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/can-large-language-models-understand-meaning/' class='relative'> <span class='screen-reader-text'>Can Large Language Models Understand ‘Meaning’?</span> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard'> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="2560" height="1440" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/ElliePavlick-crAdamWasilewski-Video-cover-1-scaled.webp" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" 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flex flex-items-start merriweather mv025 mr1 gray3 h6t theme__text-hover'> <em class='byline__by gray4 mr075'>By </em> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/ebuder/'> <span class='byline__author uppercase kern light small'>Emily Buder</span> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative h6'></span> <div class='card-date h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='uppercase mr1 kern small gray3'>April 29, 2024</div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative'></span> </div> <div class='card__actions h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='comments-button mr05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-name='comment-bubble' > <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/can-large-language-models-understand-meaning/#comments' class='flex flex-items-center pangram'> <svg viewbox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class='o2'><title>Comment</title><path fill='currentColor' d='M9.4 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relative z1 uppercase kern--w mx025'> <span class='small no-wrap'>Read Later</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='card__excerpt h5 pangram o6 mb4 mt025'> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Brown University computer scientist Ellie Pavlick is translating philosophical concepts such as “understanding” and “meaning” into concrete ideas that are testable on LLMs.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='three--large two--small ph1'> <div class='card clearfix mv05 pv1 is-always-grid-variant'> <div class='card__image mr1 mb1' data-toggle-hover='card'> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/predicting-eclipses-the-three-body-problem/' class='relative'> <span class='screen-reader-text'>Predicting Eclipses: The Three Body Problem</span> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard'> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="1920" height="1080" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EclipsePrediction-VideoCover-1.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EclipsePrediction-VideoCover-1.jpg 1920w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EclipsePrediction-VideoCover-1-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EclipsePrediction-VideoCover-1-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EclipsePrediction-VideoCover-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EclipsePrediction-VideoCover-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w" sizes="(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px" /> </div> </div> <div class='card__image__icon absolute fit-l fit-b px1'> <svg class='icon block white' x='0px' y='0px' viewBox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M1.8,0.2v49.6h46.5V0.2H1.8z M11.1,46.7H4.9v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M11.1,37.4H4.9v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M11.1,28.1H4.9v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M11.1,18.8H4.9v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M11.1,9.5H4.9V3.3h6.2V9.5z M35.8,46.7H14.2V28.1h21.7V46.7z M35.8,21.9H14.2V3.3h21.7V21.9z M45.1,46.7h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M45.1,37.4h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M45.1,28.1h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M45.1,18.8h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M45.1,9.5h-6.2V3.3h6.2V9.5z'></path></svg> </div> </a> </div> <div class='card__content '> <div class='mb1 pb025 mt0 h6t card__kicker'> <a class="kicker theme__accent theme__text-hover uppercase" href="/videos/playlist/discoveries/">Discoveries</a> </div> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/predicting-eclipses-the-three-body-problem/' data-toggle-hover='card'> <h3 class='card__title noe mv0 theme__accent-hover transition--color h2t'> Predicting Eclipses: The Three Body Problem </h3> </a> <div class='card__meta mb0 mt025 flex flex-items-center flex-wrap'> <div class='byline relative flex flex-items-start merriweather mv025 mr1 gray3 h6t theme__text-hover'> <em class='byline__by gray4 mr075'>By </em> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/asantanasimonsfoundation-org/'> <span class='byline__author uppercase kern light small'>Arleen Santana</span> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative h6'></span> <div class='card-date h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='uppercase mr1 kern small gray3'>April 5, 2024</div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative'></span> </div> <div class='card__actions h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='comments-button mr05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-name='comment-bubble' > <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/predicting-eclipses-the-three-body-problem/#comments' class='flex flex-items-center pangram'> <svg viewbox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class='o2'><title>Comment</title><path fill='currentColor' d='M9.4 4.2h31.2c8.6 0 9.4 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kern--w mx025'> <span class='small no-wrap'>Read Later</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='card__excerpt h5 pangram o6 mb4 mt025'> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Solar eclipse prediction has driven innovation across the history of science and mathematics, from the Saros cycle to Greek geometry to Newton’s calculus to the three-body problem.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='three--large two--small ph1'> <div class='card clearfix mv05 pv1 is-always-grid-variant'> <div class='card__image mr1 mb1' data-toggle-hover='card'> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/understanding-cryptography-with-these-five-worlds/' class='relative'> <span class='screen-reader-text'>Understanding Cryptography With These Five Worlds</span> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard'> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="2560" height="1440" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-scaled.webp" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-scaled.webp 2560w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-1720x968.webp 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-520x293.webp 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-768x432.webp 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-1536x864.webp 1536w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-2048x1152.webp 2048w" 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data-toggle-hover='card'> <h3 class='card__title noe mv0 theme__accent-hover transition--color h2t'> Understanding Cryptography With These Five Worlds </h3> </a> <div class='card__meta mb0 mt025 flex flex-items-center flex-wrap'> <div class='byline relative flex flex-items-start merriweather mv025 mr1 gray3 h6t theme__text-hover'> <em class='byline__by gray4 mr075'>By </em> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/asantanasimonsfoundation-org/'> <span class='byline__author uppercase kern light small'>Arleen Santana</span> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative h6'></span> <div class='card-date h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='uppercase mr1 kern small gray3'>March 27, 2024</div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative'></span> </div> <div class='card__actions h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='comments-button mr05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-name='comment-bubble' > <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/understanding-cryptography-with-these-five-worlds/#comments' class='flex flex-items-center pangram'> <svg viewbox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class='o2'><title>Comment</title><path fill='currentColor' d='M9.4 4.2h31.2c8.6 0 9.4 7 9.4 15.6s-.7 15.6-9.4 15.6h-2.2l-.9 9.4-18.8-9.4H9.4c-8.6 0-9.4-7-9.4-15.6S.7 4.2 9.4 4.2z'></path></svg> <div> <span class='comments-button__count ml075 small mbold disqus-comment-count' data-disqus-identifier='136639 https://www.quantamagazine.org/?p=136639'></span> </div> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider mh075 relative'></span> <div class='relative'> <button class='bookmark-button mh05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-toggle-hover='tooltip' data-id='136639' data-active-class='' aria-expanded='false'> <svg class="icon" viewbox="0 0 50 50" enable-background="new 0 0 50 50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>Save Article</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M2.1 0h45.8v50L25.5 37.5 2.1 50V0z"></path></svg> </button> <div class='q-tooltip hidden force-mobile-placement w-32 ml-n16 -top-10'> <div class='q-tooltip-content'> <div class='q-tooltip-arrow -bottom-3'></div> <div class='q-tooltip-inner py-1 pl-1' role='tooltip'> <div class='h6t relative z1 uppercase kern--w mx025'> <span class='small no-wrap'>Read Later</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='card__excerpt h5 pangram o6 mb4 mt025'> <p>Russell Impagliazzo describes the five possible cryptographic worlds we might inhabit.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='three--large two--small ph1'> <div class='card clearfix mv05 pv1 is-always-grid-variant'> <div class='card__image mr1 mb1' data-toggle-hover='card'> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/why-is-this-basic-computer-science-problem-so-hard/' class='relative'> <span class='screen-reader-text'>Why Is This Basic Computer Science Problem So Hard?</span> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard'> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="2560" height="1440" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Reachability-Thumbnail-NO-TEXT-scaled.jpg" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Reachability-Thumbnail-NO-TEXT-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Reachability-Thumbnail-NO-TEXT-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Reachability-Thumbnail-NO-TEXT-520x293.jpg 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Reachability-Thumbnail-NO-TEXT-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Reachability-Thumbnail-NO-TEXT-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Reachability-Thumbnail-NO-TEXT-2048x1152.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px" /> </div> </div> <div class='card__image__icon absolute fit-l fit-b px1'> <svg class='icon block white' x='0px' y='0px' viewBox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M1.8,0.2v49.6h46.5V0.2H1.8z M11.1,46.7H4.9v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M11.1,37.4H4.9v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M11.1,28.1H4.9v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M11.1,18.8H4.9v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M11.1,9.5H4.9V3.3h6.2V9.5z M35.8,46.7H14.2V28.1h21.7V46.7z M35.8,21.9H14.2V3.3h21.7V21.9z M45.1,46.7h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M45.1,37.4h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M45.1,28.1h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M45.1,18.8h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M45.1,9.5h-6.2V3.3h6.2V9.5z'></path></svg> </div> </a> </div> <div class='card__content '> <div class='mb1 pb025 mt0 h6t card__kicker'> <a class="kicker theme__accent theme__text-hover uppercase" href="/videos/playlist/discoveries/">Discoveries</a> </div> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/why-is-this-basic-computer-science-problem-so-hard/' data-toggle-hover='card'> <h3 class='card__title noe mv0 theme__accent-hover transition--color h2t'> Why Is This Basic Computer Science Problem So Hard? </h3> </a> <div class='card__meta mb0 mt025 flex flex-items-center flex-wrap'> <div class='byline relative flex flex-items-start merriweather mv025 mr1 gray3 h6t theme__text-hover'> <em class='byline__by gray4 mr075'>By </em> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/christopher-w-young/'> <span class='byline__author uppercase kern light small'>Christopher W. Young</span> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative h6'></span> <div class='card-date h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='uppercase mr1 kern small gray3'>March 8, 2024</div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative'></span> </div> <div class='card__actions h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='comments-button mr05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-name='comment-bubble' > <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/why-is-this-basic-computer-science-problem-so-hard/#comments' class='flex flex-items-center pangram'> <svg viewbox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class='o2'><title>Comment</title><path fill='currentColor' d='M9.4 4.2h31.2c8.6 0 9.4 7 9.4 15.6s-.7 15.6-9.4 15.6h-2.2l-.9 9.4-18.8-9.4H9.4c-8.6 0-9.4-7-9.4-15.6S.7 4.2 9.4 4.2z'></path></svg> <div> <span class='comments-button__count ml075 small mbold disqus-comment-count' data-disqus-identifier='136147 https://www.quantamagazine.org/?p=136147'></span> </div> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider mh075 relative'></span> <div class='relative'> <button class='bookmark-button mh05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-toggle-hover='tooltip' data-id='136147' data-active-class='' aria-expanded='false'> <svg class="icon" viewbox="0 0 50 50" enable-background="new 0 0 50 50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>Save Article</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M2.1 0h45.8v50L25.5 37.5 2.1 50V0z"></path></svg> </button> <div class='q-tooltip hidden force-mobile-placement w-32 ml-n16 -top-10'> <div class='q-tooltip-content'> <div class='q-tooltip-arrow -bottom-3'></div> <div class='q-tooltip-inner py-1 pl-1' role='tooltip'> <div class='h6t relative z1 uppercase kern--w mx025'> <span class='small no-wrap'>Read Later</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='card__excerpt h5 pangram o6 mb4 mt025'> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Computer scientists have long used vector addition systems to model how certain programs work, but they didn’t have a full understanding of how complicated they could be. Recent work has finally pinned it down, showing that these problems are far more complicated than they seem. </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='three--large two--small ph1'> <div class='card clearfix mv05 pv1 is-always-grid-variant'> <div class='card__image mr1 mb1' data-toggle-hover='card'> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/how-a-new-x-ray-technique-sees-into-black-holes/' class='relative'> <span class='screen-reader-text'>How a New X-Ray Technique Sees Black Holes</span> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard'> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="2560" height="1440" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-scaled.webp" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-scaled.webp 2560w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-1720x968.webp 1720w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-520x293.webp 520w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-768x432.webp 768w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-1536x864.webp 1536w, https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-2048x1152.webp 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px" /> </div> </div> <div class='card__image__icon absolute fit-l fit-b px1'> <svg class='icon block white' x='0px' y='0px' viewBox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xml:space='preserve'><path fill='currentColor' d='M1.8,0.2v49.6h46.5V0.2H1.8z M11.1,46.7H4.9v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M11.1,37.4H4.9v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M11.1,28.1H4.9v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M11.1,18.8H4.9v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M11.1,9.5H4.9V3.3h6.2V9.5z M35.8,46.7H14.2V28.1h21.7V46.7z M35.8,21.9H14.2V3.3h21.7V21.9z M45.1,46.7h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M45.1,37.4h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M45.1,28.1h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M45.1,18.8h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M45.1,9.5h-6.2V3.3h6.2V9.5z'></path></svg> </div> </a> </div> <div class='card__content '> <div class='mb1 pb025 mt0 h6t card__kicker'> <a class="kicker theme__accent theme__text-hover uppercase" href="/videos/playlist/scientist-interviews/">Interviews</a> </div> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/how-a-new-x-ray-technique-sees-into-black-holes/' data-toggle-hover='card'> <h3 class='card__title noe mv0 theme__accent-hover transition--color h2t'> How a New X-Ray Technique Sees Black Holes </h3> </a> <div class='card__meta mb0 mt025 flex flex-items-center flex-wrap'> <div class='byline relative flex flex-items-start merriweather mv025 mr1 gray3 h6t theme__text-hover'> <em class='byline__by gray4 mr075'>By </em> <span> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/ebuder/'> <span class='byline__author small uppercase kern light'>Emily Buder</span> </a> <span class='orange italic pointer' data-type='author' data-toggle-hover='tooltip' aria-expanded> +1 authors</span> <div class='q-tooltip hidden force-mobile-placement w-31 -top-8 ml-n14'> <div class='q-tooltip-content'> <div class='q-tooltip-arrow -bottom-3 left-1/2'></div> <div class='q-tooltip-inner py-1 pl-1' role='tooltip'> <div class='byline__tooltip__author color-transition relative mx025 h6t' data-toggle-hover='author'> <a class='uppercase kern--w merriweather theme__primary--hover transition--color' href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/christopher-w-young/'> <span class='small no-wrap'>Christopher W. 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Young</span> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative h6'></span> <div class='card-date h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='uppercase mr1 kern small gray3'>January 27, 2024</div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative'></span> </div> <div class='card__actions h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='comments-button mr05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-name='comment-bubble' > <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/decoding-mandelbrot-set/#comments' class='flex flex-items-center pangram'> <svg viewbox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class='o2'><title>Comment</title><path fill='currentColor' d='M9.4 4.2h31.2c8.6 0 9.4 7 9.4 15.6s-.7 15.6-9.4 15.6h-2.2l-.9 9.4-18.8-9.4H9.4c-8.6 0-9.4-7-9.4-15.6S.7 4.2 9.4 4.2z'></path></svg> <div> <span class='comments-button__count ml075 small mbold disqus-comment-count' data-disqus-identifier='134745 https://www.quantamagazine.org/?p=134745'></span> </div> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider mh075 relative'></span> <div class='relative'> <button class='bookmark-button mh05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-toggle-hover='tooltip' data-id='134745' data-active-class='' aria-expanded='false'> <svg class="icon" viewbox="0 0 50 50" enable-background="new 0 0 50 50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>Save Article</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M2.1 0h45.8v50L25.5 37.5 2.1 50V0z"></path></svg> </button> <div class='q-tooltip hidden force-mobile-placement w-32 ml-n16 -top-10'> <div class='q-tooltip-content'> <div class='q-tooltip-arrow -bottom-3'></div> <div class='q-tooltip-inner py-1 pl-1' role='tooltip'> <div class='h6t relative z1 uppercase kern--w mx025'> <span class='small no-wrap'>Read Later</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='card__excerpt h5 pangram o6 mb4 mt025'> <p>Mathematicians working in the field of complex dynamical systems are patiently unraveling the Mandelbrot set’s mysteries and may be on the verge of solving a fundamental conjecture that would allow them to describe the set completely.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='three--large two--small ph1'> <div class='card clearfix mv05 pv1 is-always-grid-variant'> <div class='card__image mr1 mb1' data-toggle-hover='card'> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/the-math-hiding-in-plain-sight/' class='relative'> <span class='screen-reader-text'>The Math Hiding in Plain Sight</span> <div class='image mx0 relative image--standard'> <div class='image__inner absolute fit-x is-loaded'> <img width="2560" height="1440" src="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/SarahHart-byPhilippAmmon-VideoCover-scaled.webp" class="absolute fit-x fill-h fill-v mxa" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/SarahHart-byPhilippAmmon-VideoCover-scaled.webp 2560w, 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M11.1,9.5H4.9V3.3h6.2V9.5z M35.8,46.7H14.2V28.1h21.7V46.7z M35.8,21.9H14.2V3.3h21.7V21.9z M45.1,46.7h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V46.7z M45.1,37.4h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V37.4z M45.1,28.1h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V28.1z M45.1,18.8h-6.2v-6.2h6.2V18.8z M45.1,9.5h-6.2V3.3h6.2V9.5z'></path></svg> </div> </a> </div> <div class='card__content '> <div class='mb1 pb025 mt0 h6t card__kicker'> <a class="kicker theme__accent theme__text-hover uppercase" href="/videos/playlist/scientist-interviews/">Interviews</a> </div> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/the-math-hiding-in-plain-sight/' data-toggle-hover='card'> <h3 class='card__title noe mv0 theme__accent-hover transition--color h2t'> The Math Hiding in Plain Sight </h3> </a> <div class='card__meta mb0 mt025 flex flex-items-center flex-wrap'> <div class='byline relative flex flex-items-start merriweather mv025 mr1 gray3 h6t theme__text-hover'> <em class='byline__by gray4 mr075'>By </em> <span> <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/christopher-w-young/'> <span class='byline__author small uppercase kern light'>Christopher W. Young</span> </a> <span class='orange italic pointer' data-type='author' data-toggle-hover='tooltip' aria-expanded> +1 authors</span> <div class='q-tooltip hidden force-mobile-placement w-31 -top-8 ml-n14'> <div class='q-tooltip-content'> <div class='q-tooltip-arrow -bottom-3 left-1/2'></div> <div class='q-tooltip-inner py-1 pl-1' role='tooltip'> <div class='byline__tooltip__author color-transition relative mx025 h6t' data-toggle-hover='author'> <a class='uppercase kern--w merriweather theme__primary--hover transition--color' href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/authors/ebuder/'> <span class='small no-wrap'>Emily Buder</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </span> </div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative h6'></span> <div class='card-date h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='uppercase mr1 kern small gray3'>January 12, 2024</div> <span class='o-divider o-divider--vertical mr1 relative'></span> </div> <div class='card__actions h6 flex flex-items-center mv05'> <div class='comments-button mr05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-name='comment-bubble' > <a href='https://www.quantamagazine.org/videos/the-math-hiding-in-plain-sight/#comments' class='flex flex-items-center pangram'> <svg viewbox='0 0 50 50' enable-background='new 0 0 50 50' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class='o2'><title>Comment</title><path fill='currentColor' d='M9.4 4.2h31.2c8.6 0 9.4 7 9.4 15.6s-.7 15.6-9.4 15.6h-2.2l-.9 9.4-18.8-9.4H9.4c-8.6 0-9.4-7-9.4-15.6S.7 4.2 9.4 4.2z'></path></svg> <div> <span class='comments-button__count ml075 small mbold disqus-comment-count' data-disqus-identifier='134059 https://www.quantamagazine.org/?p=134059'></span> </div> </a> </div> <span class='o-divider mh075 relative'></span> <div class='relative'> <button class='bookmark-button mh05 flex flex-items-center theme__accent-hover ' data-toggle-hover='tooltip' data-id='134059' data-active-class='' aria-expanded='false'> <svg class="icon" viewbox="0 0 50 50" enable-background="new 0 0 50 50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>Save Article</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M2.1 0h45.8v50L25.5 37.5 2.1 50V0z"></path></svg> </button> <div class='q-tooltip hidden force-mobile-placement w-32 ml-n16 -top-10'> <div class='q-tooltip-content'> <div class='q-tooltip-arrow -bottom-3'></div> <div class='q-tooltip-inner py-1 pl-1' role='tooltip'> <div class='h6t relative z1 uppercase kern--w mx025'> <span class='small no-wrap'>Read Later</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='card__excerpt h5 pangram o6 mb4 mt025'> <p>Sarah Hart, the professor of geometry at Gresham College, sees symmetry everywhere.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='mv2'> <nav role='navigation' aria-label='pagination' class='pagination pt2 mt1 pb1 h6 pangram black uppercase kern bold'> <hr class='gray1 mb2' /> <div class='flex flex-items-center fill-h pt1'> <div class='flex-auto'> <span class='gray3'> <svg class="icon-s invert" 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</div> <div class='h4t inline-block'> <a target='_blank' href='http://us1.campaign-archive2.com/home/?u=0d6ddf7dc1a0b7297c8e06618&id=f0cb61321c' class='newsletter__link inline-block link--underline orange hover--black transition--color'> <span class=''>Recent newsletters</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class='mega__other__divider mv2 white o2 shop_divider'></div> </section> </div> </main> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script> let videoArray = {"138278":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Close-up portrait of a man reaching for something in a laboratory.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/AlexSushkov-VideoCover-crKenRichardson.webp 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"H-_CGnTkuL0","attr":"<p>Emily Buder\/<em>Quanta Magazine;\u00a0<\/em>Rui Braz for\u00a0<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"Searching for Dark Matter with a Tabletop \u2018Quantum Compass\u2019","caption":"<p>The physicist Alex Sushkov has developed one of the most targeted magnetic resonance experiments to date with the aim of detecting a hypothetical dark matter particle called the axion.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/he-seeks-mystery-magnetic-fields-with-his-quantum-compass-20240517\/","excerpt":"The physicist Alex Sushkov has developed one of the most targeted magnetic resonance experiments to date with the aim of detecting a hypothetical dark matter particle called the axion."},"137613":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ElliePavlick-crAdamWasilewski-Video-cover-1-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ElliePavlick-crAdamWasilewski-Video-cover-1-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ElliePavlick-crAdamWasilewski-Video-cover-1-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ElliePavlick-crAdamWasilewski-Video-cover-1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ElliePavlick-crAdamWasilewski-Video-cover-1-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ElliePavlick-crAdamWasilewski-Video-cover-1-2048x1152.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"6iO8TtCs_Cw","attr":"<p>Emily Buder\/<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"Can Large Language Models Understand \u2018Meaning\u2019?","caption":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brown University computer scientist Ellie Pavlick is translating philosophical concepts such as \u201cunderstanding\u201d and \u201cmeaning\u201d into concrete ideas that are testable on LLMs.<\/span><\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/does-ai-know-what-an-apple-is-she-aims-to-find-out-20240425\/","excerpt":"Brown University computer scientist Ellie Pavlick is translating philosophical concepts such as \u201cunderstanding\u201d and \u201cmeaning\u201d into concrete ideas that are testable on LLMs.\r\n"},"136639":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/RussellImpagialzzo-byJenniferSiegwart-VideoCover-2-2048x1152.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"RjzSFa03i2U","attr":"<p>Video: Christopher Webb Young\/<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em>; Photo: Jennifer Siegwart for\u00a0<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"Understanding Cryptography With These Five Worlds","caption":"<p>Russell Impagliazzo describes the five possible cryptographic worlds we might inhabit.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-researcher-who-explores-computation-by-conjuring-new-worlds-20240327\/","excerpt":"Russell Impagliazzo describes the five possible cryptographic worlds we might inhabit."},"135259":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ErinKara-byKatherineTaylor-VideoCover-2048x1152.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"TwJuA05M5Eo","attr":"<p>Video: Emily Buder and Christopher Webb Young\/<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em>; Photo: Katherine Taylor for <em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"How a New X-Ray Technique Sees Black Holes","caption":"<p>Astrophysicist Erin Kara explores black holes by carefully tracking the gas and plasma swirling near their event horizons.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/to-see-black-holes-in-detail-she-uses-echoes-like-a-bat-20240212\/","excerpt":"Astrophysicist Erin Kara explores black holes by carefully tracking the gas and plasma swirling near their event horizons."},"134059":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/SarahHart-byPhilippAmmon-VideoCover-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/SarahHart-byPhilippAmmon-VideoCover-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/SarahHart-byPhilippAmmon-VideoCover-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/SarahHart-byPhilippAmmon-VideoCover-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/SarahHart-byPhilippAmmon-VideoCover-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/SarahHart-byPhilippAmmon-VideoCover-2048x1152.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"BHbeED51h6s","attr":"<p>Video: Christopher Webb Young and Emily Buder\/<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em>; Photo: Philipp Ammon for <em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"The Math Hiding in Plain Sight","caption":"<p>Sarah Hart, the professor of geometry at Gresham College, sees symmetry everywhere.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-theorist-who-sees-math-in-art-music-and-writing-20240112\/","excerpt":"Sarah Hart, the professor of geometry at Gresham College, sees symmetry everywhere."},"131622":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/AlexeiEfros-byPeterDaSilva-VideoCover-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/AlexeiEfros-byPeterDaSilva-VideoCover-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/AlexeiEfros-byPeterDaSilva-VideoCover-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/AlexeiEfros-byPeterDaSilva-VideoCover-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/AlexeiEfros-byPeterDaSilva-VideoCover-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/AlexeiEfros-byPeterDaSilva-VideoCover.webp 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"YOKPo-I6cgs","attr":"<p>Video: Emily Buder\/<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em>;\u00a0Photo: Peter DaSilva for <em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"How AI Learns to \u2018See\u2019","caption":"<p>Alexei Efros describes how he combines massive online data sets with machine learning algorithms to understand, model and re-create the visual world.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-computing-pioneer-helping-ai-see-20231024\/","excerpt":"Alexei Efros describes how he combines massive online data sets with machine learning algorithms to understand, model and re-create the visual world."},"130361":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"1147\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/CynthiaChiang-byAllenMcEachern-VideoCover-1-1720x1147.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/CynthiaChiang-byAllenMcEachern-VideoCover-1-1720x1147.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/CynthiaChiang-byAllenMcEachern-VideoCover-1-520x347.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/CynthiaChiang-byAllenMcEachern-VideoCover-1-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/CynthiaChiang-byAllenMcEachern-VideoCover-1-1536x1024.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/CynthiaChiang-byAllenMcEachern-VideoCover-1-2048x1365.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"hMbtFdw6Ekk","attr":"<p>Christopher Webb Young\/<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"How to Build a Telescope to See the Early Universe","caption":"<p>Cynthia Chiang describes the experiments she hopes will illuminate the early universe.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-experimental-cosmologist-hunting-for-the-first-sunrise-20230920\/","excerpt":"Cynthia Chiang describes the experiments she hopes will illuminate the early universe."},"129742":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/AndrewGranville-byAlexTran-Whiteboard2-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/AndrewGranville-byAlexTran-Whiteboard2-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/AndrewGranville-byAlexTran-Whiteboard2-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/AndrewGranville-byAlexTran-Whiteboard2-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/AndrewGranville-byAlexTran-Whiteboard2-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/AndrewGranville-byAlexTran-Whiteboard2.webp 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"3l1RMiGeTfU","attr":"<p>Video: Emily Buder\/<em>Quanta Magazine; <\/em>Photo: Alex Tran for <em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"When Computers Write Proofs, What\u2019s the Point of Mathematicians?","caption":"<p>Andrew Granville muses on how artificial intelligence could profoundly change math.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/why-mathematical-proof-is-a-social-compact-20230831\/","excerpt":"Andrew Granville muses on how artificial intelligence could profoundly change math."},"128381":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/YaelKalai-byKatherinaTaylor-VideoCover-1-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/YaelKalai-byKatherinaTaylor-VideoCover-1-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/YaelKalai-byKatherinaTaylor-VideoCover-1-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/YaelKalai-byKatherinaTaylor-VideoCover-1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/YaelKalai-byKatherinaTaylor-VideoCover-1-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/YaelKalai-byKatherinaTaylor-VideoCover-1-2048x1152.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"EMrpHQehRmY","attr":"<p>Christopher Webb Young\/<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em>; Noah Hutton for <em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"The Cryptographer Working to Protect Computations","caption":"<p>Kalai discusses the meaning of cryptography and how essential it is to our daily lives.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-cryptographer-who-ensures-we-can-trust-our-computers-20230727\/","excerpt":"Kalai discusses the meaning of cryptography and how essential it is to our daily lives."},"127703":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/JonathanOppenheim-VideoCover-byPhilippAmmon-1-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/JonathanOppenheim-VideoCover-byPhilippAmmon-1-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/JonathanOppenheim-VideoCover-byPhilippAmmon-1-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/JonathanOppenheim-VideoCover-byPhilippAmmon-1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/JonathanOppenheim-VideoCover-byPhilippAmmon-1-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/JonathanOppenheim-VideoCover-byPhilippAmmon-1-2048x1152.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"DkRbNXILroI","attr":"<p>Christopher Webb Young\/<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em>; Noah Hutton for <em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"A Bet Against Quantum Gravity","caption":"<p>Oppenheim describes why he thinks gravity can\u2019t be squeezed into the same quantum box as the other fundamental forces \u2014 and what he\u2019s proposing as an alternative.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-physicist-who-bets-that-gravity-cant-be-quantized-20230710\/","excerpt":"Oppenheim describes why he thinks gravity can\u2019t be squeezed into the same quantum box as the other fundamental forces \u2014 and what he\u2019s proposing as an alternative."},"126355":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/RenateLoll-byIlvyNjiokiktjien-VideoCover-1-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/RenateLoll-byIlvyNjiokiktjien-VideoCover-1-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/RenateLoll-byIlvyNjiokiktjien-VideoCover-1-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/RenateLoll-byIlvyNjiokiktjien-VideoCover-1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/RenateLoll-byIlvyNjiokiktjien-VideoCover-1-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/RenateLoll-byIlvyNjiokiktjien-VideoCover-1-2048x1152.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"A7NTNkYPr9Q","attr":"<p>Christopher Webb Young\/<em>Quanta Magazine<\/em>; Ilvy Njiokiktjien for <em>Quanta Magazine<\/em><\/p>\n","title":"The Digital Quest for Quantum Gravity","caption":"<p>Renate Loll describes her theory of causal dynamical triangulations and how it might unlock certain aspects of quantum gravity.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/renate-loll-blends-universes-to-unlock-quantum-gravity-20230525\/","excerpt":"Renate Loll has helped pioneer a radically new approach to quantum gravity. She assumes that the fabric of space-time is a blend of all possible fabrics, and she has developed the computational tools needed to calculate the far-reaching implications of that assumption."},"125012":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TracieSeimon-bySahsaMaslov-TurtlePond-v2-1720x968.webp\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TracieSeimon-bySahsaMaslov-TurtlePond-v2-1720x968.webp 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TracieSeimon-bySahsaMaslov-TurtlePond-v2-520x293.webp 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TracieSeimon-bySahsaMaslov-TurtlePond-v2-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TracieSeimon-bySahsaMaslov-TurtlePond-v2-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/TracieSeimon-bySahsaMaslov-TurtlePond-v2-2048x1152.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"VP0xD8zDUlU","attr":"<p>Photo: Sasha Maslov for Quanta Magazine<br \/>\nVideo: Christopher Webb Young\/Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"She Tracks Wildlife eDNA on Everest and in the Andes","caption":"<p>Tracie Seimon of the WCS\u2019s Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory describes her biodiversity research, which is based on eDNA \u2014 DNA collected from the environment.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/she-tracks-the-dna-of-elusive-species-on-everest-and-in-the-andes-20230417\/","excerpt":"Tracie Seimon of the WCS\u2019s Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory describes her biodiversity research, which is based on eDNA \u2014 DNA collected from the environment."},"123825":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0223_YT-QA-Arvind-Narayanan-NOTEXT-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0223_YT-QA-Arvind-Narayanan-NOTEXT-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0223_YT-QA-Arvind-Narayanan-NOTEXT-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0223_YT-QA-Arvind-Narayanan-NOTEXT-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0223_YT-QA-Arvind-Narayanan-NOTEXT-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0223_YT-QA-Arvind-Narayanan-NOTEXT.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"oKkzVII_wHQ","attr":"<p>Christopher Webb Young\/Quanta Magazine; Rick Cook for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Computer Scientist Taking on Big Tech: Privacy, Lies and AI","caption":"<p>Narayanan discusses his work on de-anonymization and fairness and why it<br \/>\nmatters.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/he-protects-privacy-and-ai-fairness-with-statistics-20230310\/","excerpt":"Narayanan discusses his work on de-anonymization and fairness and why it matters."},"118747":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"967\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Rusczyk_With-students_Full-width-1720x967.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Richard Rusczyk visiting students in an Art of Problem Solving classroom.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Rusczyk_With-students_Full-width-1720x967.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Rusczyk_With-students_Full-width-520x292.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Rusczyk_With-students_Full-width-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Rusczyk_With-students_Full-width-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Rusczyk_With-students_Full-width-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"TL7XhfrLF4k","attr":"<p>Photo by Philip Cheung for Quanta Magazine; Video by Emily Buder\/Quanta Magazine and Noah Hutton and Jesse Aragon for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"One Man\u2019s Mission to Unveil Math\u2019s Beauty","caption":"<p>Richard Rusczyk, founder of Art of Problem Solving, discusses how to bring out the joy, creativity and beauty in math.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/richard-rusczyk-is-a-math-evangelist-who-preaches-problem-solving-20220913\/","excerpt":"Richard Rusczyk, founder of Art of Problem Solving, discusses how to bring out the joy, creativity and beauty in math."},"117663":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"1021\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Nick_Lane_2_full-width-VIDEO-COVER-1720x1021.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Nick_Lane_2_full-width-VIDEO-COVER-1720x1021.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Nick_Lane_2_full-width-VIDEO-COVER-520x309.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Nick_Lane_2_full-width-VIDEO-COVER-768x456.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Nick_Lane_2_full-width-VIDEO-COVER-1536x911.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Nick_Lane_2_full-width-VIDEO-COVER-2048x1215.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"ATubwpnVLAY","attr":"<p>Photo by Philipp Ammon for Quanta Magazine;<br \/>\nVideo by Emily Buder\/Quanta Magazine, and<br \/>\nMarcus Sies, Harry Genge and Connor Hurley<br \/>\nfor Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n<p> <\/p>\n","title":"The Deep Mystery at the Heart of Life on Earth","caption":"<p>As an evolutionary biochemist at University College London, Nick Lane explores the deep mystery of how life evolved on Earth. His hypothesis that life started with primitive metabolic reactions in deep-sea hydrothermal vents illuminates the outsized role that energy may have played in shaping evolution.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-biochemists-view-of-lifes-origin-reframes-cancer-and-aging-20220808\/","excerpt":null},"114960":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Lamport_Video_Cover-1-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Lamport_Video_Cover-1-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Lamport_Video_Cover-1-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Lamport_Video_Cover-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Lamport_Video_Cover-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"rkZzg7Vowao","attr":"<p>Photo by\u00a0Talia Herman for Quanta Magazine; video by Emily Buder and Marcos Rocha for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Man Who Revolutionized Computer Science With Math","caption":"<p>Leslie Lamport talks about the importance of programming instead of coding, how he developed distributed systems and his favorite algorithm.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/computing-expert-says-programmers-need-more-math-20220517\/","excerpt":"Leslie Lamport talks about the importance of programming instead of coding, how he developed distributed systems and his favorite algorithm."},"114290":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"1212\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Vijay_office_3-1720x1212.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"A smiling man in a blue and white wool sweater sits at a desk. A guitar hangs on an adjacent wall.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Vijay_office_3-1720x1212.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Vijay_office_3-520x366.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Vijay_office_3-768x541.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Vijay_office_3.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"H3Xss37zYkc","attr":"<p>Photo by Caroline Gutman for Quanta Magazine; video by Emily Buder and Rick Cook for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"A Polymath on Physics, Computer Science, Neuroscience and Literature","caption":"<p>Vijay Balasubramanian discusses the connections he sees between physics, computer science, neuroscience and literature and the humanities.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/pondering-the-bits-that-build-space-time-and-brains-20220420\/","excerpt":"Vijay Balasubramanian discusses the connections he sees between physics, computer science, neuroscience and literature and the humanities."},"113103":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0307_Video-Page-QA-Ellenberg-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0307_Video-Page-QA-Ellenberg-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0307_Video-Page-QA-Ellenberg-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0307_Video-Page-QA-Ellenberg-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0307_Video-Page-QA-Ellenberg.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"Wg4QwKBRuLI","attr":"<p>Video cover: Lauren Justice for Quanta Magazine; Noah Hutton for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"How Geometry Shapes Our Lives","caption":"<p>Jordan Ellenberg, a mathematician at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, enjoys studying the math underlying everyday phenomena. \u201cMathematics is part of the creative world,\u201d Ellenberg says. \u201cWe create things all the time.\u201d<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-number-theorist-who-connects-math-to-other-creative-pursuits-20210527\/","excerpt":"Jordan Ellenberg, a mathematician at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, enjoys studying the math underlying everyday phenomena. \u201cMathematics is part of the creative world,\u201d Ellenberg says. \u201cWe create things all the time.\u201d"},"112767":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/0223_YT-QA-Celia-Escamilla-Rivera_VC_2-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/0223_YT-QA-Celia-Escamilla-Rivera_VC_2-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/0223_YT-QA-Celia-Escamilla-Rivera_VC_2-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/0223_YT-QA-Celia-Escamilla-Rivera_VC_2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/0223_YT-QA-Celia-Escamilla-Rivera_VC_2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"tNKUW0vyzDU","attr":"<p>Video cover: Meghan Dhaliwal for Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; Noah Hutton for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Cosmologist Challenging Einstein","caption":"<p>Celia Escamilla-Rivera discusses how she is using the tools of precision cosmology to hunt for a theory of gravity that incorporates dark energy more naturally than general relativity does.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/in-mexico-cosmologist-hunts-for-cracks-in-einsteins-gravity-theory-20220223\/","excerpt":"Celia Escamilla-Rivera is combining large data sets with supercomputers to test general relativity against its little-known competitors."},"110039":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Carpenter_2880x1620_VIDEO-COVER-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Video of Anne Carpenter of the Broad Institute.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Carpenter_2880x1620_VIDEO-COVER-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Carpenter_2880x1620_VIDEO-COVER-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Carpenter_2880x1620_VIDEO-COVER-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"KDQFUmDJ3nY","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; Will Tallamelli for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Biology Meets Computer Science","caption":"<p>Anne Carpenter, senior director of the Imaging Platform of the Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, describes how her interest in developing new medicines led her to work at the interface of biology and computer science.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/anne-carpenters-ai-tools-pull-insights-from-cell-images-20211102\/","excerpt":"The computational biologist Anne Carpenter creates software that brings the power of machine learning to researchers seeking answers in mountains of cell images."},"109451":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"1075\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/laurakreidberg_secondary_videocover3-1720x1075.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/laurakreidberg_secondary_videocover3-1720x1075.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/laurakreidberg_secondary_videocover3-520x325.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/laurakreidberg_secondary_videocover3-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/laurakreidberg_secondary_videocover3.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"Y-8lb0r6D5k","attr":"<p>Photo: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/laetitiavancon\/\">Laetitia Vancon<\/a> for Quanta Magazine; Video: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marcus-sies.com\/\">Marcus Sies<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"This Astronomer Is Determined to Find Another Earth","caption":"<p>Laura Kreidberg discusses how she’ll use NASA\u2019s James Webb Space Telescope to peer into the skies of rocky planets orbiting other stars and look for signs of habitability, or even life.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-algorithm-that-lets-particle-physicists-count-higher-than-two-20211122\/","excerpt":"After the ultra-powerful James Webb Space Telescope launches later this year, Laura Kreidberg will lead two efforts to check the weather on rocky planets orbiting other stars."},"109087":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Anil-Seth_1080_VC-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Exited video interview with neuroscientist Anil Seth of the University of Sussex.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Anil-Seth_1080_VC-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Anil-Seth_1080_VC-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Anil-Seth_1080_VC-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Anil-Seth_1080_VC.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"CJhSSPO8Ulk","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/harrygengework.wixsite.com\/affordableservices\">Harry Genge<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Scientific Problem of Consciousness","caption":"<p>The neuroscientist Anil Seth of the University of Sussex discusses the principles, philosophy and experimentation that have brought scientists closer to understanding the phenomenon of consciousness.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/anil-seth-finds-consciousness-in-lifes-push-against-entropy-20210930\/","excerpt":"The neuroscientist Anil Seth of the University of Sussex discusses the principles, philosophy and experimentation that have brought scientists closer to understanding the phenomenon of consciousness."},"108451":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Miga_VC_v2-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Miga_VC_v2-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Miga_VC_v2-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Miga_VC_v2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Miga_VC_v2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"meppRKz50lc","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.constanzahevia.com\/\">Constanza Hevia<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"How Scientists Finally Finished the Human Genome","caption":"<p>The genomics researcher Karen Miga explains why it\u2019s so important to learn the DNA sequence information buried in parts of our genome that were resistant to scrutiny.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/karen-miga-fills-in-the-missing-pieces-of-our-genome-20210908\/","excerpt":"In 2003, the Human Genome Project announced that it had successfully sequenced the entire human genome. That wasn\u2019t quite true. Nearly 10% of human DNA was still missing from the map. Karen Miga, a geneticist at the University of California, Santa Cruz, co-founded an effort to sequence the missing DNA. "},"106598":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VC-Melanie-Mitchell-Screens-VC-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VC-Melanie-Mitchell-Screens-VC-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VC-Melanie-Mitchell-Screens-VC-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VC-Melanie-Mitchell-Screens-VC-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VC-Melanie-Mitchell-Screens-VC.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"cz1UfjZjjyk","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine;\u00a0<a class=\"c-link\" href=\"http:\/\/gabriellamarksphotography.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"http:\/\/gabriellamarksphotography.com\/\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">Gabriella Marks<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Missing Link in Artificial Intelligence","caption":"<p>Melanie Mitchell, the Davis professor of complexity at the Santa Fe Institute, has worked on digital minds for decades. She says AI will never truly be “intelligent” until they can do something uniquely human: make analogies.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/melanie-mitchell-trains-ai-to-think-with-analogies-20210714\/","excerpt":"Melanie Mitchell has worked on digital minds for decades. She says they\u2019ll never truly be like ours until they can make analogies."},"106109":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Nathan-Seiberg_1080_VC-1-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Nathan-Seiberg_1080_VC-1-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Nathan-Seiberg_1080_VC-1-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Nathan-Seiberg_1080_VC-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Nathan-Seiberg_1080_VC-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"4hRn-JP68_k","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sashamaslov.com\/\">Sasha Maslov<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Bridge Between Math and Quantum Field Theory","caption":"<p>Nathan Seiberg explains the importance of math in figuring out and understanding the ultimate laws of the universe.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/nathan-seiberg-on-how-math-might-reveal-quantum-gravity-20210624\/","excerpt":"Even in an incomplete state, quantum field theory is the most successful physical theory ever discovered. Nathan Seiberg, one of its leading architects, reveals where math and QFT converge. "},"105671":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Federica-Coppari_1080_VC-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Federica-Coppari_1080_VC-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Federica-Coppari_1080_VC-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Federica-Coppari_1080_VC-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Federica-Coppari_1080_VC.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"DlBP5bwsvQY","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.constanzahevia.com\/\">Constanza Hevia<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"What\u2019s Inside an Exoplanet?","caption":"<p>Federica Coppari describes how she uses giant lasers to study the insides of exotic exoplanets.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/federica-coppari-uses-a-giant-laser-to-look-inside-exoplanets-20210615\/","excerpt":"Federica Coppari describes how she uses giant lasers to study the insides of exotic exoplanets."},"103734":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Chiara-Marletto_1080_VC-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Chiara-Marletto_1080_VC-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Chiara-Marletto_1080_VC-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Chiara-Marletto_1080_VC-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Chiara-Marletto_1080_VC.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"yb0y6MRwmd4","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.photoammon.com\/\">Philipp Ammon<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Theory That Could Rewrite the Laws of Physics","caption":"<p>Marletto explains why traditional approaches to physics fail in important cases such as information theory, and how constructor theory might succeed.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/with-constructor-theory-chiara-marletto-invokes-the-impossible-20210429\/","excerpt":"With constructor theory, Chiara Marletto is working toward a meta-theory more fundamental than even our most foundational physics \u2014 deeper than general relativity, subtler than quantum mechanics."},"103058":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Lucia-Perez-Diaz_1920x1080_VC-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"A video of Luc\u00eda P\u00e9rez-D\u00edaz talking about plate tectonics.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Lucia-Perez-Diaz_1920x1080_VC-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Lucia-Perez-Diaz_1920x1080_VC-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Lucia-Perez-Diaz_1920x1080_VC-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Lucia-Perez-Diaz_1920x1080_VC.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"sHkcx4YkSYs","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"https:\/\/harrygengework.wixsite.com\/affordableservices\">Harry Genge<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Plate Tectonics: The Mystery of Earth\u2019s Many Faces","caption":"<p>Luc\u00eda P\u00e9rez-D\u00edaz explores the mysteries of plate tectonics.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-new-historian-of-the-smash-that-made-the-himalayas-20210414\/","excerpt":"Luc\u00eda P\u00e9rez-D\u00edaz explores the mysteries of plate tectonics."},"102258":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Rediet-Abebe_VC_1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Rediet Abebe sitting on steps outside on the University of California, Berkeley campus.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Rediet-Abebe_VC_1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Rediet-Abebe_VC_1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Rediet-Abebe_VC_1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Rediet-Abebe_VC_1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"J1Qb2gcZBlI","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.constanzahevia.com\/\">Constanza Hevia<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Fighting for Equality in Computer Science and Beyond","caption":"<p>Abebe switched fields from math to computer science in order to learn tools she could apply to social problems like poverty and educational inequality.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/rediet-abebe-tackles-inequality-with-computer-science-20210401\/","excerpt":"Rediet Abebe uses the tools of theoretical computer science to understand pressing social problems \u2014 and try to fix them."},"101790":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kershenbaum_VC_1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Video of Arik Kershenbaum discussing convergent evolution and why it may apply to life throughout the universe.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kershenbaum_VC_1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kershenbaum_VC_1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kershenbaum_VC_1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Kershenbaum_VC_1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"NqidLwofIMI","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wolagiewicz.com\/\">Luke Wolagiewicz<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Why Extraterrestrial Life Might Not Be So Alien","caption":"<p>The zoologist Arik Kershenbaum of the University of Cambridge discusses convergent evolution, animal communications and why life throughout the universe may have certain common features.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/arik-kershenbaum-on-why-alien-life-may-be-like-life-on-earth-20210318\/","excerpt":"The zoologist Arik Kershenbaum of the University of Cambridge discusses convergent evolution, animal communications and why life throughout the universe may have certain common features."},"100186":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/PSL_1920x1080-Vid_Quanta-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Po-Shen Loh standing on a stairway in front of a colored wall outside of his office in Pittsburgh.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/PSL_1920x1080-Vid_Quanta-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/PSL_1920x1080-Vid_Quanta-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/PSL_1920x1080-Vid_Quanta-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/PSL_1920x1080-Vid_Quanta.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"MsskCxQ4sks","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natesmallwood.com\/\">Nate Smallwood<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"This U.S. Olympiad Coach Has a Unique Approach to Math","caption":"<p>Po-Shen Loh discusses his approach to coaching the United States International Mathematical Olympiad team and reveals what he believes to be the major problem with math education.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/po-shen-loh-led-the-u-s-math-team-back-to-first-place-20210216\/","excerpt":"Po-Shen Loh believes math education needs an overhaul. And he knows a thing or two about it\u2014he's resurrected the United States International Mathematical Olympiad team, leading it to four first-place rankings in the last six years as the team\u2019s head coach."},"99812":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Genge_VC_1080_Article-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Matthew Genge\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Genge_VC_1080_Article-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Genge_VC_1080_Article-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Genge_VC_1080_Article-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Genge_VC_1080_Article.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"9M8RVbuwa0o","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"https:\/\/harrygengework.wixsite.com\/affordableservices\">Harry Genge<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"How Cosmic Dust Reveals the Secrets of the Universe","caption":"<p>Matthew Genge shows explains to read the history of our solar system in the language of cosmic dust.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/matt-genge-uses-dust-from-space-to-tell-the-story-of-the-solar-system-20210204\/","excerpt":"Matthew Genge shows explains to read the history of our solar system in the language of cosmic dust."},"98851":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Christine-Darden_1920x1080_VidCover-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Christine Darden in front of a statue of the NASA "meatball" logo at NASA Langley\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Christine-Darden_1920x1080_VidCover-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Christine-Darden_1920x1080_VidCover-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Christine-Darden_1920x1080_VidCover-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Christine-Darden_1920x1080_VidCover.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"UVrORjy7PDk","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.juliarendleman.com\/\">Julia Rendleman<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Meet One of NASA\u2019s Pioneering Women","caption":"<p>Christine Darden describes what it was like working at NASA in the 1960s and how she became an authority on minimizing sonic booms.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-nasa-engineer-whos-a-mathematician-at-heart-20210119\/","excerpt":"Christine Darden describes what it was like working at NASA in the 1960s and how she became an authority on minimizing sonic booms."},"98646":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Wilczek_1080_VideoCover_Article-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"A video interview with Frank Wilczek\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Wilczek_1080_VideoCover_Article-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Wilczek_1080_VideoCover_Article-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Wilczek_1080_VideoCover_Article-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Wilczek_1080_VideoCover_Article.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"KORIhgAHMF8","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/authors\/ebuder\">Emily Buder<\/a>\/Quanta Magazine; <a href=\"https:\/\/portfolio.maclellanimages.com\/index\/G0000LNVclZ_B7Gw\/thumbs\">Ian MacLellan<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"What Makes Physics Beautiful, According to a Nobel Prize Winner","caption":"<p>Frank Wilczek discusses the work that led to his Nobel and the inherent beauty of physical law.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/frank-wilczek-cracked-open-the-cosmos-20210112\/","excerpt":"Frank Wilczek discusses the work that led to his Nobel and the inherent beauty of physical law."},"97453":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Dulac_1080_VidCover-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Profile video for neuroscientist Catherine Dulac.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Dulac_1080_VidCover-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Dulac_1080_VidCover-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Dulac_1080_VidCover-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Dulac_1080_VidCover.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"RIw3wL5osWY","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lukezvara.com\/\">Luke Zvara<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"New Clues in the Age-Old Question of the \u2018Male\u2019 and \u2018Female\u2019 Brain","caption":"<p>Catherine Dulac of Harvard University discusses the roots of \u201cmale\u201d and \u201cfemale\u201d parenting behaviors in mammalian brains.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/catherine-dulac-finds-brain-circuitry-behind-sex-specific-behaviors-20201214\/","excerpt":"Questions like \u201cwhy do men and women act differently?\u201d are age-old, with tangled, deeply buried answers. But that is why Catherine Dulac, a Howard Hughes Medical Investigator and a professor of molecular and cellular biology at Harvard University, has become so well respected by her neuroscientist colleagues for the originality and creativity with which she has brought important answers to light."},"97072":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Jelani-Nelson_1920x1080_Vid-2-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Jelani-Nelson_1920x1080_Vid-2-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Jelani-Nelson_1920x1080_Vid-2-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Jelani-Nelson_1920x1080_Vid-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Jelani-Nelson_1920x1080_Vid-2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"A6oNbaHSUsw","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.constanzahevia.com\/\">Constanza Hevia<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"This Computer Scientist\u2019s Streaming Algorithms Shrink Big Data","caption":"<p>Jelani Nelson explains how his streaming algorithms answer questions about big data without having to remember everything they\u2019ve seen.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/jelani-nelson-the-computer-scientist-who-shrinks-big-data-20201207\/","excerpt":"Jelani Nelson explains how his streaming algorithms answer questions about big data without having to remember everything they\u2019ve seen."},"96259":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"967\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Bryna-Kra_Vid-Cover-1720x967.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Bryna-Kra_Vid-Cover-1720x967.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Bryna-Kra_Vid-Cover-520x292.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Bryna-Kra_Vid-Cover-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Bryna-Kra_Vid-Cover.jpg 1778w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"mZaEVoH9Z4k","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zoyari.com\/\">Moe Zoyari<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Inside Dynamical Systems and the Mathematics of Change","caption":"<p>Bryna Kra explains how to describe complex systems in symbols.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/bryna-kra-builds-mathematical-windows-to-symbolize-the-complex-20201117\/","excerpt":"Bryna Kra explains how she describes complex dynamical systems in terms of simple symbols."},"95595":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Dvorkin_Video_v01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Video of Cora Dvorkin\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Dvorkin_Video_v01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Dvorkin_Video_v01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Dvorkin_Video_v01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Dvorkin_Video_v01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"Btdl8DSGAR4","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/philipckeith.com\/\">Philip Keith<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Cosmologist Who Dreams in the Universe\u2019s Dark Threads","caption":"<p>Cora Dvorkin explains her approach to exploring dark matter. <\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/harvard-cosmologist-cora-dvorkin-dreams-in-dark-matter-20201105\/","excerpt":"Cora Dvorkin discovered new possibilities for what dark matter could be. Now she\u2019s devising unorthodox ways to identify it. "},"94737":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/L-Mahadevan_1920x1080_Vid-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"L. Mahadevan sits in his office, holding a white molded gel that resembles kirigami paper\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/L-Mahadevan_1920x1080_Vid-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/L-Mahadevan_1920x1080_Vid-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/L-Mahadevan_1920x1080_Vid-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/L-Mahadevan_1920x1080_Vid.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"78lvleMw6WQ","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kenrichardsonphoto.com\/\">Ken Richardson<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Extraordinary Math Hidden in Everyday Life","caption":"<p>L. Mahadevan describes how he approaches science and where he finds his ideas.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/l-mahadevan-finds-math-inspiration-in-the-mundane-20201026\/","excerpt":"From crumpled paper to termite mounds to three-sided coins, L. Mahadevan has turned the whole world into his laboratory."},"93821":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Vint-Cerf_1920x1080_Vid_01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Vint-Cerf_1920x1080_Vid_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Vint-Cerf_1920x1080_Vid_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Vint-Cerf_1920x1080_Vid_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Vint-Cerf_1920x1080_Vid_01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"SnETgd4ePXI","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emanmohammed.com\/\">Eman Mohammed<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Bold Quest to Launch the Internet in Space","caption":"<p>Vinton Cerf discusses the challenges of creating an interplanetary internet.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/vint-cerfs-plan-for-building-an-internet-in-space-20201021\/","excerpt":"Vint Cerf is one of the fathers of the internet. Decades ago, he and Robert Kahn developed the architecture and protocol suite known as Transmission Control Protocol\/Internet Protocol (TCP\/IP). Anyone who has ever surfed the web, sent an email, or downloaded an app has them to thank."},"94122":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Jeff-Gore_Physics-Ecology_1920_Vid-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Jeff-Gore_Physics-Ecology_1920_Vid-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Jeff-Gore_Physics-Ecology_1920_Vid-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Jeff-Gore_Physics-Ecology_1920_Vid-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Jeff-Gore_Physics-Ecology_1920_Vid.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"ZJfW7rfvPQw","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.katherinetaylorphotography.com\/\">Katherine Taylor<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Physicist Jeff Gore\u2019s Statistical Approach to Ecology","caption":"<p>Physicist Jeff Gore of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discusses the puzzle of high diversity in ecosystems, and how his background in physics has influenced his experimental approach to studying ecology.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-physicists-approach-to-biology-brings-ecological-insights-20201013\/","excerpt":"The physicist Jeff Gore tests theories about microbe communities experimentally and finds new rules governing ecological stability."},"93001":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Gershenson_1920_Video_QM-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Gershenson_1920_Video_QM-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Gershenson_1920_Video_QM-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Gershenson_1920_Video_QM-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Gershenson_1920_Video_QM.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"bNOuj3S09bs","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.meghandhaliwal.com\/home\">Meghan Dhaliwal<\/a> & Jennifer Hsu for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Urban Traffic and Complex Systems \u2014 Carlos Gershenson","caption":"<p>Carlos Gershenson explains how principles of adaptation and self-organization can help transportation systems beat traffic jams and other urban mobility problems.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/complexity-scientist-beats-traffic-jams-through-adaptation-20200928\/","excerpt":"Carlos Gershenson, a computer scientist and complexity researcher at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, answers questions about how principles of adaptation and self-organization can help transportation systems beat traffic jams and other urban mobility problems."},"91823":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video_v01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video_v01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video_v01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video_v01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video_v01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"QpDTcefoWEQ","attr":"<p>Kirby Griffin & Jennifer Hsu for Quanta<\/p>\n","title":"Emily Riehl Is Rewriting Higher Category Theory","caption":"<p>By turning higher category theory on itself, Riehl hopes to make the powerful perspective more accessible to other mathematicians.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/emily-riehl-conducts-the-mathematical-orchestra-from-the-middle-20200902\/","excerpt":"Emily Riehl is rewriting the foundations of higher category theory while also working to make mathematics more inclusive."},"91753":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Emily-Riehl_1920x1080_Video.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"qZzSFp0LDUQ","attr":"<p>Kirby Griffin & Jennifer Hsu for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Emily Riehl: Mathematician, Musician, Educator","caption":"<p>Riehl talks about how higher category theory is like the viola, why she’s drawn to expository writing, and the responsibility mathematicians have to address social justice issues.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/emily-riehl-conducts-the-mathematical-orchestra-from-the-middle-20200902\/","excerpt":"Emily Riehl is rewriting the foundations of higher category theory while also working to make mathematics more inclusive."},"91826":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CDRvideo_Cover_00-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Claudia de Rham on gravity\u2019s importance.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CDRvideo_Cover_00-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CDRvideo_Cover_00-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CDRvideo_Cover_00-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CDRvideo_Cover_00.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"qIECnnIxips","attr":"<p><a class=\"QuillHelpers-link textEditor-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.photoammon.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer nofollow\" data-is-link=\"https:\/\/www.photoammon.com\/\">Philipp Ammon<\/a>\u00a0& Jennifer Hsu for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Claudia de Rham: \u201cGravity Is the Law That Makes Everything Happen\u201d","caption":"<p>Claudia de Rham explains why gravity is so fundamental to our understanding of everything in the universe.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/claudia-de-rham-slayed-gravitys-ghosts-20200818\/","excerpt":"The theoretical physicist Claudia de Rham explains why gravity is so fundamental to our understanding of everything in the universe. "},"89446":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Priscu_1920x1080_01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Priscu_1920x1080_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Priscu_1920x1080_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Priscu_1920x1080_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Priscu_1920x1080_01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"gCI3GzAnrIQ","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.morthphotography.com\/\">Reid Morth<\/a>, Emily Buder, and Anna Aichinger for Quanta Magazine, with footage by Billy Collins, Kathy Kasic, and NASA<\/p>\n","title":"John Priscu and the Search for Life Under Ice","caption":"<p>The microbial ecologist John Priscu of Montana State University discusses what led him to seek life beneath the barren, frozen wastes of Antarctica \u2014 and how his discoveries there are shaping the search for life on other worlds.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/john-priscu-finds-life-in-antarcticas-frozen-lakes-20200720\/","excerpt":"The microbial ecologist John Priscu of Montana State University discusses what led him to seek life beneath the barren, frozen wastes of Antarctica \u2014 and how his discoveries there are shaping the search for life on other worlds."},"88870":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Liz-Macdonald_VideoCover_01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Liz MacDonald at her home.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Liz-Macdonald_VideoCover_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Liz-Macdonald_VideoCover_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Liz-Macdonald_VideoCover_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Liz-Macdonald_VideoCover_01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"AeylIXuVDqU","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosem.xyz\/\">Rosem Morton<\/a> & Jennifer Hsu for Quanta Magazine; NASA<\/p>\n","title":"Liz MacDonald on the strangest auroras in the world.","caption":"<p>Liz MacDonald discusses what more people should know about the auroras. <\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/liz-macdonald-leads-the-worlds-aurora-hunters-20200709\/","excerpt":"Space weather scientist Liz MacDonald studies unique atmospheric phenomena such as the aurora called STEVE."},"88510":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/James-Maynard_VC_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/James-Maynard_VC_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/James-Maynard_VC_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/James-Maynard_VC_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/James-Maynard_VC_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"J7tP-bG7Lwc","attr":"<p>Tom Medwell and Jennifer Hsu for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"James Maynard Solves the Hardest Easy Math Problems","caption":"<p>James Maynard talks about why he\u2019s obsessed with prime numbers.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/james-maynard-solves-the-hardest-easy-math-problems-20200701\/","excerpt":"In his rapid ascent to the top of his field, James Maynard has cut a path through simple-sounding questions about prime numbers that have stumped mathematicians for centuries."},"87813":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/KatieMack_1920x1080_VideoCover-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Katie Mack portrait.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/KatieMack_1920x1080_VideoCover-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/KatieMack_1920x1080_VideoCover-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/KatieMack_1920x1080_VideoCover-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/KatieMack_1920x1080_VideoCover.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"345Z2wac_ME","attr":"<p>J. Adam Huggins & Jennifer Hsu for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Katie Mack Knows How It\u2019s All Going to End","caption":"<p>Katie Mack describes the most likely scenario for the end of the universe.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/this-cosmologist-knows-how-its-all-going-to-end-20200622\/","excerpt":"The astrophysicist and social media phenom Katie Mack is ready to tell you about the fate of the universe."},"83450":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Hull_video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Video interview with Pincelli Hull.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Hull_video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Hull_video_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Hull_video_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Hull_video_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"xiLwizic5-E","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.beadegea.com\/\">Beatrice de Gea<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Pincelli Hull Explains What Killed Off the Dinosaurs","caption":"<p>Evidence from the oceans decisively shows that an asteroid strike caused the last mass extinction, argues Pincelli Hull. The cataclysm continues to hold lessons for today.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-rapid-end-strikes-the-dinosaur-extinction-debate-20200325\/","excerpt":"Evidence from the oceans decisively shows that an asteroid strike caused the last mass extinction, argues Pincelli Hull. The cataclysm continues to hold lessons for today."},"82675":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Rivest_VidCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Rivest_VidCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Rivest_VidCover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Rivest_VidCover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Rivest_VidCover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"eOjHy1KH0Ho","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.codyoloughlin.com\/\">Cody O’Loughlin<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Ronald Rivest on Building Better Elections","caption":"<p>Ronald Rivest of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology describes the role of computers in voting and what makes elections trustworthy.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/rsa-cryptographer-ronald-rivest-seeks-secure-elections-20200312\/","excerpt":"Ronald Rivest helped come up with the RSA algorithm, which safeguards online commerce. Now he\u2019s hoping to make democratic elections more trustworthy."},"81947":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Akin-Ojo_1920x1080_VidCover_03-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Omololu Akin-Ojo in a blue checked suit sitting at his desk, framed by two laptops in the foreground.]\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Akin-Ojo_1920x1080_VidCover_03-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Akin-Ojo_1920x1080_VidCover_03-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Akin-Ojo_1920x1080_VidCover_03-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Akin-Ojo_1920x1080_VidCover_03.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"YG7sdfdOnxk","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jacquesnkinzingabo.com\/\">Jacques Nkinzingabo<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Omololu Akin-Ojo: Doing Cutting-Edge Physics in Africa","caption":"<p>Omololu Akin-Ojo of the East African Institute for Fundamental Research discusses his plans to invigorate theoretical physics in Africa, including by focusing on problems related to energy and water that will especially impact the continent.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/omololu-akin-ojo-is-making-rwanda-into-a-hub-for-physics-20200303\/","excerpt":"Omololu Akin-Ojo of the East African Institute for Fundamental Research discusses his plans to invigorate theoretical physics in Africa, including by focusing on problems related to energy and water that will especially impact the continent."},"80995":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Jim-Allison_VideoCover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"pyKFn7HttUY","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elizabethgconley.com\/\">Elizabeth Conley<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Nobel Laureate James P. Allison on the Origins of His Cancer Immunotherapy Research","caption":"<p>James P. Allison of the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center discusses what initially drew him to immunology as a field and why many scientists used to be skeptical that an immunological strategy for killing cancers would work.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-contrarian-who-cures-cancers-20200203\/","excerpt":"James P. Allison of the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center discusses what initially drew him to immunology as a field and why many scientists used to be skeptical that an immunological strategy for killing cancers would work."},"80580":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/ScarlettHoward_Video_1920x1080_v01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Video of Scarlett Howard talking about her work teaching honeybees math\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/ScarlettHoward_Video_1920x1080_v01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/ScarlettHoward_Video_1920x1080_v01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/ScarlettHoward_Video_1920x1080_v01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/ScarlettHoward_Video_1920x1080_v01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"5lxtVR2PzrE","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/annemoff.com\/\">Anne Moffat<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Scarlett Howard on the Lessons of Teaching Bees Math","caption":"<p>Scarlett Howard describes how and why she taught honeybees math.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/what-scarlett-howard-learns-from-the-bees-she-teaches-20200122\/","excerpt":"Scarlett Howard describes how and why she taught honeybees math."},"78691":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Liskov_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Video interview with Barbara Liskov addressing the challenges that confront computer science.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Liskov_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Liskov_1920x1080_Video-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Liskov_1920x1080_Video-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Liskov_1920x1080_Video.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"VFh8wT57R50","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.codyoloughlin.com\/\">Cody O\u2019Loughlin<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Barbara Liskov on the Future of Computer Science","caption":"<p>Barbara Liskov addresses the challenges that confront computer science.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/barbara-liskov-is-the-architect-of-modern-algorithms-20191120\/","excerpt":"Barbara Liskov invented the architecture that underlies modern programming. We asked her how she\u2019d handle the challenges that the field faces now."},"78345":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Virginia Trimble interview.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Virginia-Trimble_VidCover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"rjyZ6GRwj-U","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/malmeidaphoto.com\/\">Monica Almeida<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Virginia Trimble on How Astronomy Has Changed","caption":"<p>Virginia Trimble discusses how astronomy has changed over the course of her half-century career. <\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/virginia-trimble-has-seen-the-stars-20191111\/","excerpt":"Virginia Trimble discusses how astronomy has changed over the course of her half-century career. "},"76258":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/WehnerQA_videocover-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Stephanie Wehner speaking to the camera, framed by two computer monitors on her desk in the background.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/WehnerQA_videocover-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/WehnerQA_videocover-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/WehnerQA_videocover-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/WehnerQA_videocover.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"B76dFHnGdLM","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/juliagunther.com\">Julia Gunther<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Stephanie Wehner Aims to Build a Quantum Internet","caption":"<p>Wehner discusses the advantages of transmitting qubits rather than bits across a long-distance communication network.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/stephanie-wehner-is-designing-a-quantum-internet-20190925\/","excerpt":"Wehner discusses the advantages of transmitting qubits rather than bits across a long-distance communication network."},"75616":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Craig-Calender_1920x1080_VC-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Craig-Calender_1920x1080_VC-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Craig-Calender_1920x1080_VC-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Craig-Calender_1920x1080_VC-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Craig-Calender_1920x1080_VC.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"FFVqcSmyQFs","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.peattiephotography.com\/\">Peggy Peattie<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Craig Callender on the Trouble With Black Hole Thermodynamics","caption":"<p>Craig Callender explains why the connection between black holes and thermodynamics is little more than an analogy.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/craig-callender-are-we-all-wrong-about-black-holes-20190905\/","excerpt":"Craig Callender explains why the connection between black holes and thermodynamics is little more than an analogy."},"75407":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Interview video of Iyad Rahwan.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Iyad-Rahwan_1920x1080_VidCover_01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"BPxuFE3PoHE","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.katjaheinemann.com\/\">Katja Heinemann<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Iyad Rahwan: Why We Need a Science of Machine Behavior","caption":"<p>The behavior of algorithms is so complex and surprising that we need to study them as though they were animals in the wild.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-anthropologist-of-artificial-intelligence-20190826\/","excerpt":"The behavior of algorithms is so complex and surprising that we need to study them as though they were animals in the wild."},"74764":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Rubbia_Video_Cover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"5hBKQr5rcGE","attr":"<p>Thomas Lewton for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Carlo Rubbia on the Future of Particle Physics","caption":"<p>Carlo Rubbia explains why he thinks particle physicists should take the next step by building a \u201cHiggs factory.\u201d<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/carlo-rubbia-calls-for-courage-as-physicists-confront-collider-dilemma-20190807\/","excerpt":"Carlo Rubbia facing the camera, wearing a white dress shirt and red suspenders. "},"74392":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Greg-Johnson_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Greg-Johnson_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Greg-Johnson_VideoCover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Greg-Johnson_VideoCover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Greg-Johnson_VideoCover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"_EQ9bd7FdH0","attr":"<p>Chona Kasinger for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Greg Johnson on A.I. That Sees Inside Cells","caption":"<p>Greg Johnson, a computer vision researcher at the Allen Institute for Cell Science, explains how his deep learning vision systems can advance the state of cell biology.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/his-artificial-intelligence-sees-inside-living-cells-20190724\/","excerpt":"Greg Johnson, a computer vision researcher at the Allen Institute for Cell Science, explains how his deep learning vision systems can advance the state of cell biology. "},"73957":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Hod-Lipson_Video_1920x1080_01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"TTO2UkWWv1w","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hatn.im\/\">Hatnim Lee<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Hod Lipson Builds Consciousness Into a Robot","caption":"<p>The roboticist Hod Lipson, the director of the Creative Machines Lab at Columbia University, uses robots to explore ancient questions about how people think.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/curious-about-consciousness-ask-the-self-aware-machines-20190711\/","excerpt":"The roboticist Hod Lipson, the director of the Creative Machines Lab at Columbia University, uses robots to explore ancient questions about how people think."},"73464":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lee-Smolin_Working_1920x1080_Video.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"qToXP3ehmEI","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.philipcheungphoto.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Philip Cheung<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Lee Smolin on the Impossibility of Studying the Universe","caption":"<p>Lee Smolin explores the problem of understanding the universe from the perspective of being inside the universe, as well as the need for physicists to know philosophy.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/how-to-understand-the-universe-when-youre-stuck-inside-of-it-20190627\/","excerpt":"Lee Smolin explores the problem of understanding the universe from the perspective of being inside the universe, as well as the need for physicists to know philosophy."},"72843":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Wilkinson_Video_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"9aCceZWHoTA","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.timkleinphoto.com\/portraits\">Tim Klein<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Amie Wilkinson on the Mathematics of Change","caption":"<p>The mathematician Amie Wilkinson explains how dynamics lets mathematicians explore the fundamentals of change.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-mathematician-whose-only-constant-is-change-20190613\/","excerpt":"Amie Wilkinson searches for exotic examples of systems that describe change.\r\n\r\n"},"71677":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/EO_Wilson_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"PHOTO: EO Wilson looking into the camera lens with eyeglasses in his hand.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/EO_Wilson_1920x1080_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/EO_Wilson_1920x1080_Video-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/EO_Wilson_1920x1080_Video-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/EO_Wilson_1920x1080_Video.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"uY8m68w_ehg","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kenrichardsonphoto.com\/\">Ken Richardson<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Edward O. Wilson on the Evolution of Social Behaviors","caption":"<p>Edward O. Wilson, professor emeritus at Harvard University, is the influential naturalist and evolutionary theorist who introduced the concept of \u201csociobiology,\u201d as well as one of the world\u2019s leading experts on ants. Here, he explains the relevance of evolved insect behaviors to human nature.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/edward-o-wilson-finds-hope-in-selfless-ants-and-ecology-studies-20190515\/","excerpt":"For more than six decades, the influential biologist Edward O. Wilson has drawn connections between evolution, ecology and behavior, often sparking controversies inside and outside of science."},"70885":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/JimGunn_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/JimGunn_VideoCover_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/JimGunn_VideoCover_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/JimGunn_VideoCover_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/JimGunn_VideoCover_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"G8xqx8YKmvI","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mengwencao.com\/\">Mengwen Cao<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Jim Gunn on Building Astronomical Instruments","caption":"<p>The lauded astronomer Jim Gunn explains how a new spectrograph he is building will advance astronomy.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/jim-gunn-the-astronomer-whod-rather-build-space-cameras-20190418\/","excerpt":"Jim Gunn shaped the theory of the evolution of the cosmos before building cameras and spectrographs for major observatories like the Hubble Space Telescope."},"69988":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/JenniferDunne_1920x1080_VidCover_02.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"MBYLl4u6hY4","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/gabriellamarksphotography.com\">Gabriella Marks<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Ecologist Jennifer Dunne on Humans\u2019 Place in Food Webs","caption":"<p>Jennifer Dunne of the Santa Fe Institute explains how reconstructions of food webs in past ecosystems help ecologists understand both the unusual niche of humans and new clues to a more sustainable civilization.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/with-food-webs-jennifer-dunne-puts-humans-back-into-ecology-20190321\/","excerpt":"Jennifer Dunne of the Santa Fe Institute explains how reconstructions of food webs in past ecosystems help ecologists understand both the unusual niche of humans and new clues to a more sustainable civilization."},"69203":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Doudna_VideoCover_1920x1080_v02-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"PHOTO: Jennifer Doudna\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Doudna_VideoCover_1920x1080_v02-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Doudna_VideoCover_1920x1080_v02-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Doudna_VideoCover_1920x1080_v02-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Doudna_VideoCover_1920x1080_v02.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"NjRT2cqpou4","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.asenbrennerova.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Jana A\u0161enbrennerov\u00e1\u00a0<\/a>for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"CRISPR Pioneer Jennifer Doudna on Its Research Promise","caption":"<p>Jennifer Doudna, one of the coinventors of CRISPR technology, discusses how her work on bacterial defenses against viruses helped lead to a discovery with a revolutionary impact on biological research.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/doudnas-confidence-in-crisprs-research-potential-burns-bright-20190227\/","excerpt":"Jennifer Doudna, one of CRISPR\u2019s primary innovators, stays optimistic about how the gene-editing tool will continue to empower basic biological understanding."},"68084":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/PriyaNatarajan_vid_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Priya Natarajan\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/PriyaNatarajan_vid_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/PriyaNatarajan_vid_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/PriyaNatarajan_vid_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/PriyaNatarajan_vid_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"mvBtMG2K_fQ","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sashamaslov.com\">Sasha Maslov<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Priyamvada Natarajan: How Black Holes Shape Galaxies","caption":"<p>Priyamvada Natarajan explains the role of supermassive black holes in the structure and evolution of the universe.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/priyamvada-natarajan-maps-the-invisible-universe-20190204\/","excerpt":"Priyamvada Natarajan has pioneered the mapping and modeling of the universe\u2019s invisible contents, especially dark matter and supermassive black holes."},"67554":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Carolina Araujo in her classroom at IMPA\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/CarolinaAraujo_1920x1080_Video_01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"Eb3dUtTlias","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.liannemiltonphotography.com\/\">Lianne Milton<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Carolina Araujo on Supporting Women in Mathematics","caption":"<p>Carolina Araujo describes the effort to build a network of women mathematicians in Brazil.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-movement-to-close-the-gender-gap-in-mathematics-20190122\/","excerpt":"The Brazilian mathematician Carolina Araujo, who calls herself \u201ca bit of an anarchist,\u201d is organizing meetings and building a support network to study and solve the problems women face in mathematics."},"67205":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/BeenKim_Video_1920x1080_v2-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Been Kim\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/BeenKim_Video_1920x1080_v2-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/BeenKim_Video_1920x1080_v2-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/BeenKim_Video_1920x1080_v2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/BeenKim_Video_1920x1080_v2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"8Bi-EhFPSLk","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rachelbujalski.com\/\">Rachel Bujalski<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Been Kim: A New Approach to Understanding How Machines Think","caption":"<p>Google Brain\u2019s Been Kim is building ways to let us interrogate the decisions made by machine learning systems.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-new-approach-to-understanding-how-machines-think-20190110\/","excerpt":"Google Brain\u2019s Been Kim is building ways to let us interrogate the decisions made by machine learning systems."},"66393":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Wadhwa_1920x1080_VideoCover-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Wadhwa_1920x1080_VideoCover-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Wadhwa_1920x1080_VideoCover-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Wadhwa_1920x1080_VideoCover-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Wadhwa_1920x1080_VideoCover.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"eMYXnC3hb9E","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stevecraft.com\/\">Steve Craft<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Meenakshi Wadhwa on Meteorites and the Solar System","caption":"<p>Meenakshi Wadhwa explains how meteorites illuminate the origins of Earth and the rest of the solar system.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/its-raining-mars-interview-with-meteor-scientist-meenakshi-wadhwa-20181218\/","excerpt":"Meenakshi Wadhwa explains how meteorites illuminate the origins of Earth and the rest of the solar system."},"66073":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Martin Rees with his dog, Masha, in his home in Cambridge, England.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/MartinRees_pupper_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"DNNgjY_bewg","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tommedwell.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Tom Medwell<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Martin Rees on the Future of Science and Humanity","caption":"<p>Martin Rees, the University of Cambridge astrophysicist, Astronomer Royal and popular author, discusses how our society can benefit from future science and technology while avoiding potential pitfalls.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/martin-rees-on-the-future-of-science-and-humanity-20181205\/","excerpt":"For 50 years, the astrophysicist Martin Rees has contributed to our understanding of cosmology. Now he is speaking up about the promise and potential dangers of the science and technology that will arrive over the next 50 years and beyond.\r\n"},"65735":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Cup_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Cup_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Cup_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Cup_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Cup_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"9N1aYy8Q9jo","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.constanzahevia.com\/thetimeihaveleft\">Constanza Hevia H.<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Why Different Parts of a Coffee Mug Produce Different Pitches","caption":"<p>The Stanford mathematician Tadashi Tokieda demonstrates one of his physics \u201ctoys\u201d: the curious higher and lower notes you hear when tapping a coffee mug with a spoon.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/tadashi-tokieda-collects-math-and-physics-surprises-20181127\/","excerpt":"Tadashi Tokieda discovers new physical phenomena by looking at the everyday world with the eyes of a child."},"65261":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Pettorino_Satellite_Video_v2-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Valeria Pettorino looking through a model of a satellite.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Pettorino_Satellite_Video_v2-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Pettorino_Satellite_Video_v2-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Pettorino_Satellite_Video_v2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Pettorino_Satellite_Video_v2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"G0IL-rDTKHA","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.laurencegeai.com\/\">Laurence Geai<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Valeria Pettorino on Learning About Dark Energy With the Euclid Satellite","caption":"<p>Valeria Pettorino discusses the prospects of learning about dark energy with the Euclid satellite.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/cosmologist-valeria-pettorino-wanders-in-dantes-dark-wood-20181113\/","excerpt":"Valeria Pettorino discusses the prospects of learning about dark energy with the Euclid satellite. "},"64400":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/MJ_1920x1080_Video_v3-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/MJ_1920x1080_Video_v3-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/MJ_1920x1080_Video_v3-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/MJ_1920x1080_Video_v3-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/MJ_1920x1080_Video_v3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"xwaZsUbvSd8","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.chonakasinger.com\/\">Chona Kasinger<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Mario Juri\u0107 on How Astronomy Is Changing","caption":"<p>Mario Juri\u0107 explains how the nature of what it means to be an astronomer is changing.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/prepping-for-a-flood-of-heavenly-bodies-20181024\/","excerpt":"Just as mathematics transformed physics from a philosophy into a science, data and computation are transforming science today, says Mario Juri\u0107. He\u2019s leading the push to get astronomy ready for the torrents of data that are about to flow.\r\n"},"64082":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/RRP_2880x1620-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Renee Reijo Pera\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/RRP_2880x1620-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/RRP_2880x1620-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/RRP_2880x1620-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"xQu72mxiKUk","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kristinepaulsenphotography.com\/\">Kristine Paulsen<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Renee Reijo Pera on the Importance of Timing in Embryo Development","caption":"<p>Stem cell researcher Renee Reijo Pera of Montana State University explains how the timing of developmental events in the early embryo can subtly affect health many years later.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/in-the-ticking-of-the-embryonic-clock-she-finds-answers-20181015\/","excerpt":"Renee Reijo Pera has spent decades uncovering how the timing of embryonic development contributes to health and disease."},"63911":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Bohr_Video-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Tomas Bohr\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Bohr_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Bohr_Video-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Bohr_Video-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Bohr_Video.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"5TypwAwmPew","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nielsbusch.com\/\">Niels Busch<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Tomas Bohr on Performing the Double-Slit Experiment with Bouncing Droplets","caption":"<p>Tomas Bohr explains the significance of the double-slit experiment in exposing the weirdness of the quantum world.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/famous-experiment-dooms-pilot-wave-alternative-to-quantum-weirdness-20181011\/","excerpt":"Oil droplets guided by \u201cpilot waves\u201d have failed to reproduce the results of the quantum double-slit experiment, crushing a century-old dream that there exists a single, concrete reality."},"62465":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/LopesShoot_VidCover-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/LopesShoot_VidCover-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/LopesShoot_VidCover-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/LopesShoot_VidCover-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/LopesShoot_VidCover.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"S1BTRYzCLJI","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/malmeidaphoto.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Monica Almeida<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Rosaly Lopes on Volcanoes Throughout the Solar System","caption":"<p>Rosaly Lopes explains why it\u2019s worth exploring the huge variety of volcanoes on other worlds.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/to-understand-volcanoes-on-other-worlds-stand-on-our-own-20180828\/","excerpt":"Rosaly Lopes has visited dozens of active volcanoes on Earth and discovered even more elsewhere in the solar system. Her work is helping to establish whether volcanoes on distant moons could create conditions friendly to life. "},"61005":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Furey_Video_1920x1080_02-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Cohl Furey\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Furey_Video_1920x1080_02-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Furey_Video_1920x1080_02-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Furey_Video_1920x1080_02-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Furey_Video_1920x1080_02.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"_E2iiuunK-E","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.susannahireland.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Susannah Ireland<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Cohl Furey on the Octonions and Particle Physics","caption":"<p>Cohl Furey explains what octonions are and what they might have to do with particle physics.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-octonion-math-that-could-underpin-physics-20180720\/","excerpt":"New findings are fueling an old suspicion that fundamental particles and forces spring from strange eight-part numbers called \u201coctonions.\u201d"},"60424":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/JWhited_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"PHOTO: HAND POINTING TO GREEN LIMB ONSCREEN\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/JWhited_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/JWhited_Video_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/JWhited_Video_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/JWhited_Video_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"33aGc7WwxBU","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.codyoloughlin.com\/\">Cody O’Loughlin<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Jessica Whited on Limb Regeneration and the Axolotl Genome","caption":"<p>Jessica Whited is a biologist who studies limb regeneration at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital. Here, she explains how genomic information for the salamander called an axolotl will help us understand the potential for regrowing limbs in humans and other animals.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/salamanders-genome-guards-secrets-of-limb-regrowth-20180702\/","excerpt":"With a fully sequenced genome in hand, scientists hope they are finally poised to learn how axolotls regenerate lost body parts."},"59884":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Curto_1920x10801-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Carina Curto\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Curto_1920x10801-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Curto_1920x10801-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Curto_1920x10801-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Curto_1920x10801.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"nBQQC1xp64M","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/hatn.im\">Hatnim Lee<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Carina Curto on How Physicists Can Think About Neuroscience","caption":"<p>Carina Curto, a mathematician at Pennsylvania State University, explains how her background in theoretical physics helps her tackle daunting problems in theoretical neuroscience.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/mathematician-carina-curto-thinks-like-a-physicist-to-solve-neuroscience-problems-20180619\/","excerpt":"Being able to think like a physicist helps Carina Curto, a mathematician-turned-neuroscientist, pull insights about the human brain out of theoretical models."},"59627":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/LManning_1920x1080_04-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Lisa Manning\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/LManning_1920x1080_04-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/LManning_1920x1080_04-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/LManning_1920x1080_04-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/LManning_1920x1080_04.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"ULfJtAhC0zQ","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jennifermay.com\/\">Jennifer May<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Lisa Manning on the Dynamics of Glasses and Embryos","caption":"<p>Lisa Manning, a physicist at Syracuse University, describes how the physics of glassy materials helps to explain how some organs assume their correct shape during embryonic development.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-physics-of-glass-opens-a-window-into-biology-20180611\/","excerpt":"The physicist Lisa Manning studies the dynamics of glassy materials to understand embryonic development and disease."},"59151":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/MMassimi_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Michela Massimi\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/MMassimi_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/MMassimi_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/MMassimi_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/MMassimi_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"24Q28zeSC3I","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kierandodds.com\/\">Kieran Dodds<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Michela Massimi: Defending the Philosophy of Science","caption":"<p>Michela Massimi argues that the philosophy of science doesn\u2019t have to be useful to scientists for it to be useful to humanity.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/questioning-truth-reality-and-the-role-of-science-20180524\/","excerpt":"In an era where untestable ideas such as the multiverse hold sway, Michela Massimi defends science from those who think it hopelessly unmoored from physical reality."},"57787":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/DonaldRichards_Video-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of mathematician Donald Richards in his Pennsylvania State University office.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/DonaldRichards_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/DonaldRichards_Video-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/DonaldRichards_Video-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/DonaldRichards_Video.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"Cbmr2lf0S9A","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kourkounis.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Jessica Kourkounis<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Donald Richards: A Revealer of Secrets in the Data of Life and the Universe","caption":"<p>Donald Richards discusses the statistical rule-of-thumb he wishes everyone knew.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/donald-richards-seeks-patterns-in-the-data-of-life-and-the-universe-20180411\/","excerpt":"The statistician Donald Richards lives to uncover subtle patterns hiding in real-world data."},"57137":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Ziegler_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Video of Mathematician Prof. G\u00fcnter M. Ziegler\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Ziegler_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Ziegler_Video_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Ziegler_Video_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Ziegler_Video_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"AvxEpfQ0fs8","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aubreywade.com\/\">Aubrey Wade<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"G\u00fcnter Ziegler Seeks God\u2019s Perfect Math Proofs","caption":"<p>G\u00fcnter Ziegler describes one of the most famous and beautiful proofs in <em>Proofs From THE BOOK<\/em>, a book he co-authored with Martin Aigner.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/gunter-ziegler-and-martin-aigner-seek-gods-perfect-math-proofs-20180319\/","excerpt":"The mathematicians G\u00fcnter Ziegler and Martin Aigner have spent the past 20 years collecting some of the most beautiful proofs in mathematics."},"56367":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/BarbaraEngelhardt_Video-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Video over photo of Barbara Engelhardt in her Princeton office\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/BarbaraEngelhardt_Video-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/BarbaraEngelhardt_Video-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/BarbaraEngelhardt_Video-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/BarbaraEngelhardt_Video.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"hnNN7tNbNxA","attr":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sarah-blesener.com\/\">Sarah Blesener<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/span><\/p>\n","title":"Barbara Engelhardt on How to Improve Statistical Analyses of Genomes","caption":"<p>Barbara Engelhardt, a computer scientist at Princeton University, explains why traditional machine-learning techniques have often fallen short for genomic analysis, and how researchers are overcoming that challenge.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/barbara-engelhardts-statistical-search-for-genomic-truths-20180227\/","excerpt":"The computer scientist Barbara Engelhardt develops machine-learning models and methods to scour human genomes for the elusive causes and mechanisms of disease."},"56019":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Dan Goldman\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/DanGoldman_Video_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"EzPoODbpxEI","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/benrollins.co\/\">Ben Rollins<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Daniel Goldman and His Smart Robots","caption":"<p>Goldman explains how \u201csmarticles\u201d work together to demonstrate collective behavior.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/smart-swarms-of-robots-seek-better-algorithms-20180214\/","excerpt":"New algorithms show how swarms of very simple robots can be coaxed to work together as a group. "},"55827":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Kalai_1920x1080_01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Gil Kalai in the library\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Kalai_1920x1080_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Kalai_1920x1080_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Kalai_1920x1080_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Kalai_1920x1080_01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"mIULkvTGk2U","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dvphotonet.com\/\">David Vaaknin<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Gil Kalai: Why Quantum Computers Won\u2019t Work","caption":"<p>Kalai argues that limiting the noise in a quantum computer will also limit the computational power of the system.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-argument-against-quantum-computers-20180207\/","excerpt":"The mathematician Gil Kalai believes that quantum computers can't possibly work, even in principle."},"55438":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Jarvis_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Erich Jarvis for the video cover\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Jarvis_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Jarvis_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Jarvis_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Jarvis_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"QZPf4-bFXB4","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hatn.im\/\">Hatnim Lee<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Erich Jarvis on Theories About the Origin of Vocal Learning","caption":"<p>Neuroscientist Erich Jarvis discusses how the brain circuitry for vocal learning in songbirds and humans evolved from systems for controlling body movements and why so few species have this ability.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/in-birds-songs-brains-and-genes-he-finds-clues-to-speech-20180130\/","excerpt":"The neuroscientist Erich Jarvis discovered that songbirds' vocal skills and humans' spoken language are both rooted in neural pathways for controlling learned movements."},"54871":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/EdBoyden_Video_02-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/EdBoyden_Video_02-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/EdBoyden_Video_02-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/EdBoyden_Video_02-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/EdBoyden_Video_02.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"WDE2uTQG2Kg","attr":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kenrichardsonphoto.com\/\">Ken Richardson<\/a><\/span><span class=\"s2\"> for Quanta Magazine<\/span><\/p>\n","title":"Ed Boyden on the Promise of Expansion Microscopy","caption":"<p>Ed Boyden explains how expansion microscopy\u00a0could illuminate deep mysteries about how the brain works and improve cancer diagnosis, among other advances.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/ed-boyden-a-neurobiologist-thinks-big-and-small-20180118\/","excerpt":"By developing new tools for visualizing subcellular structure and activity in molecular detail, Ed Boyden advances on his goal of understanding how the brain works."},"54558":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/RichardSchwartz_Video_04-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/RichardSchwartz_Video_04-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/RichardSchwartz_Video_04-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/RichardSchwartz_Video_04-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/RichardSchwartz_Video_04.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"RJou60X7VDo","attr":"<p class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/portfolio.maclellanimages.com\/index\/G0000LNVclZ_B7Gw\/thumbs\">Ian MacLellan<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Richard Schwartz: In Praise of Simple Problems","caption":"<p>Mathematician Richard Schwartz talks about why he’s attracted to the hidden depths of simple problems.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/in-praise-of-simple-problems-20180109\/","excerpt":"The mathematician Richard Schwartz finds the hidden depth lurking in simple mathematical puzzles."},"54214":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/CorinaTarnita_1920x1080_Vid-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Photo of Corina Tarnita\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/CorinaTarnita_1920x1080_Vid-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/CorinaTarnita_1920x1080_Vid-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/CorinaTarnita_1920x1080_Vid-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/CorinaTarnita_1920x1080_Vid.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"q4lJ445yR_c","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sashamaslov.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sasha Maslov<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Corina Tarnita: First Understand Nature\u2019s Rules","caption":"<p>Corina Tarnita argues that to fully appreciate nature, you must first understand its rules.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-mathematician-who-decodes-the-patterns-stamped-out-by-life-20171220\/","excerpt":"Corina Tarnita argues that to fully appreciate nature, you must first understand its rules."},"54213":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MHK_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Minhyong Kim in front of a whiteboard\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MHK_Video_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MHK_Video_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MHK_Video_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MHK_Video_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"bOkqQadArfQ","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tommedwell.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tom Medwell<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Minhyong Kim: Connecting Number Theory to Physics","caption":"<p>Minhyong Kim wanted to make sure he had concrete results in number theory before he admitted that his ideas were inspired by physics.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/secret-link-uncovered-between-pure-math-and-physics-20171201\/","excerpt":"Minhyong Kim wanted to make sure he had concrete results in number theory before he admitted that his ideas were inspired by physics."},"53165":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Federico_Ardila_videoCover-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Federico Ardila, a Colombian-born professor of mathematics at San Francisco State University, at the Life is Living event in West Oakland, Calif., on October 28, 2017.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Federico_Ardila_videoCover-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Federico_Ardila_videoCover-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Federico_Ardila_videoCover-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Federico_Ardila_videoCover.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"jP0pNV5tOUE","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/jasonhenryphoto.tumblr.com\/\">Jason Henry<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Federico Ardila: A Mathematician Who Dances to the Joys and Sorrows of Discovery","caption":"<p>Federico Ardila on the joys and challenges of teaching math and helping students find their mathematical voice.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/mathematician-federico-ardila-dances-to-the-joys-and-sorrows-of-discovery-20171120\/","excerpt":null},"52443":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Assis_Video_1920x1080_03-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Michael Assis folding a large, beige sheet or Miura-ori\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Assis_Video_1920x1080_03-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Assis_Video_1920x1080_03-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Assis_Video_1920x1080_03-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Assis_Video_1920x1080_03.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"7P7H6GCbbtk","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jameshoranshootspeople.com\/\">James Horan<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Michael Assis: The Atomic Theory of Origami","caption":"<p>Michael Assis demonstrates how defects can be used to tune the properties of Miura-ori origami.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-atomic-theory-of-origami-20171031\/","excerpt":null},"50899":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/RGoldin_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Rebecca Goldin\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/RGoldin_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/RGoldin_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/RGoldin_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/RGoldin_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"slRi_io2xhs","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maxpix.com\/\">Max Hirshfeld<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Rebecca Goldin: Why Math Is the Best Way to Make Sense of the World","caption":"<p>Rebecca Goldin explains why quantitative literacy is so important.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/why-math-is-the-best-way-to-make-sense-of-the-world-20170911\/","excerpt":null},"50672":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NGoldenfeld_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Nigel Goldenfeld\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NGoldenfeld_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NGoldenfeld_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NGoldenfeld_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NGoldenfeld_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"zytyTd-nRTo","attr":"<p>Video by Seth Lowe for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Nigel Goldenfeld: Seeing Emergent Physics Behind Evolution","caption":"<p>Nigel Goldenfeld explains how condensed matter physics provides insights into the collective state of early life on Earth.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/seeing-emergent-physics-behind-evolution-20170831\/","excerpt":null},"50316":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NeilJohnson_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Neil Johnson\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NeilJohnson_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NeilJohnson_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NeilJohnson_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/NeilJohnson_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"1xhWeQNtLHg","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.juancristobalcobo.com \">Juan Crist\u00f3bal Cobo<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Neil Johnson: A Physicist Who Models ISIS and the Alt-Right","caption":"<p>Neil Johnson on the physics of collective human behavior.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/videos\/can-large-language-models-understand-meaning\/","excerpt":"Neil Johnson on the physics of collective human behavior."},"50268":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/SvitlanaMayboroda_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Svitlana Mayboroda\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/SvitlanaMayboroda_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/SvitlanaMayboroda_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/SvitlanaMayboroda_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/SvitlanaMayboroda_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"achSLf5uwXs","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jameyguyphoto.com\/\">Jamey Guy<\/a>\u00a0for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Svitlana Mayboroda: Taming Rogue Waves","caption":"<p>Svitlana Mayboroda describes how the landscape function helps solve the mystery of wave localization.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/mathematicians-tame-rogue-waves-lighting-up-future-of-leds-20170822\/","excerpt":null},"49952":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"729\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/JayPasachoff_2880x1220-1720x729.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Jay Pasachoff\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/JayPasachoff_2880x1220-1720x729.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/JayPasachoff_2880x1220-520x220.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/JayPasachoff_2880x1220-768x325.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"VqE3TVajAF0","attr":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jennifermay.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jennifer May<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Jay Pasachoff: Eclipse Hunter Reveals the Science That Can Only Be Done in the Dark","caption":"<p>Jay Pasachoff explains what scientists can learn during a total solar eclipse.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/eclipse-hunter-reveals-the-science-that-can-only-be-done-in-the-dark-20170810\/","excerpt":null},"49916":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Ghez_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Andrea Ghez at Keck Observatory HQ\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Ghez_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Ghez_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Ghez_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Ghez_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"AZ66KPm3k-U","attr":"<p>Video by John Hook for Quanta Magazine.<\/p>\n","title":"Andrea Ghez: Black-Hole Hunter Takes Aim at Einstein","caption":"<p>In this 2017 interview, the UCLA astrophysicist Andrea Ghez explains how tracking the movement of stars revealed the existence of a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/andrea-ghez-takes-aim-at-einstein-20170727\/","excerpt":null},"49915":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/JF_Vid_01-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/JF_Vid_01-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/JF_Vid_01-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/JF_Vid_01-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/JF_Vid_01.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"EoHmzuxKomg","attr":"<p>Video by Gabriella Marks for Quanta Magazine.<\/p>\n","title":"Jessica Flack: How Nature Solves Problems Through Computation","caption":"<p>Jessica Flack describes the special challenges of applying collective computation to the understanding of complex biological systems.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/how-nature-solves-problems-through-computation-20170706\/","excerpt":null},"49214":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Khatri_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Khatri_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Khatri_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Khatri_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Khatri_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"rva98wFh7os","attr":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/jhenryphoto.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jason Henry<\/a> for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Purvesh Khatri: More Data \u2014 the Dirtier the Better","caption":"<p>Purvesh Khatri learned that by working with ‘messy’ clinical data sets, he could find genes that the human body expresses in response to diverse forms of a disease.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wanted-more-data-the-dirtier-the-better-20170606\/","excerpt":null},"46203":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Maudlin_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Tim Maudlin\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Maudlin_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Maudlin_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Maudlin_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Maudlin_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"G11L_WFLwIM","attr":"<p>Edwin Tse for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Tim Maudlin: A Defense of the Reality of Time","caption":"<p>Tim Maudlin explains how math has led physicists to believe some very strange things about the nature of time.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-defense-of-the-reality-of-time-20170516\/","excerpt":"Tim Maudlin explains how math has led physicists to believe some very strange things about the nature of time."},"41265":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/H8R0178_cover-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/H8R0178_cover-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/H8R0178_cover-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/H8R0178_cover-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/H8R0178_cover.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"Qi-DMumob8U","attr":"<p>Saverio Truglia for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"John Novembre: A Map of Human History, Hidden in DNA","caption":"<p>John Novembre explains how he uses genomic data to map human history.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-map-of-human-history-hidden-in-dna-20170420\/","excerpt":"John Novembre explains how he uses genomic data to map human history."},"41371":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/sharon_glotzer.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/sharon_glotzer.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/sharon_glotzer-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/sharon_glotzer-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"ONO1L3csjvg","attr":"<p>CJ Benninger for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Sharon Glotzer: \u2018Digital Alchemist\u2019 Seeks Rules of Emergence","caption":"<p>Sharon Glotzer explains how emergence, entropy and order can all fit together.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/digital-alchemist-sharon-glotzer-seeks-rules-of-emergence-20170308\/","excerpt":"Sharon Glotzer explains how emergence, entropy and order can all fit together."},"41369":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/sylvia_serfaty.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/sylvia_serfaty.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/sylvia_serfaty-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/sylvia_serfaty-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"SBwXiC2noMU","attr":"<p>Stefan Falke for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Sylvia Serfaty: In Mathematics, \u2018You Cannot Be Lied To\u2019","caption":"<p>Sylvia Serfaty explains why you don\u2019t have to be a genius to become a mathematician.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/sylvia-serfaty-on-mathematical-truth-and-frustration-20170221\/","excerpt":"Sylvia Serfaty explains why you don\u2019t have to be a genius to become a mathematician.\r\n"},"41367":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/francis_su_1.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/francis_su_1.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/francis_su_1-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/francis_su_1-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"94zscdXX7CA","attr":"<p>Mark Skovorodko for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Francis Su: Math and the Good Life","caption":"<p>Francis Su explains how mathematics can help a person to live well.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/math-and-the-best-life-an-interview-with-francis-su-20170202\/","excerpt":"Francis Su explains how mathematics can help a person to live well."},"41364":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/francis_su.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/francis_su.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/francis_su-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/francis_su-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"xigc7UFgMmk","attr":"<p>Mark Skovorodko for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Francis Su: Math Is for Everybody","caption":"<p>Francis Su discusses how the community of mathematicians tends to exclude certain people.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/math-and-the-best-life-an-interview-with-francis-su-20170202\/","excerpt":"Francis Su discusses how the community of mathematicians tends to exclude certain people.\r\n"},"41362":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/feldman_thumbnail_bookshelf.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/feldman_thumbnail_bookshelf.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/feldman_thumbnail_bookshelf-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/feldman_thumbnail_bookshelf-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"vF0bMGsw6YQ","attr":"<p>Jason Henry for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Marcus Feldman: In Search of Actions That Alter Evolution","caption":"<p>Marcus Feldman explains how he models the effects of a cultural preference \u2014 in this case, a preference for sons over daughters in China.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/finding-the-actions-that-alter-evolution-20170105\/","excerpt":"Marcus Feldman explains how he models the effects of a cultural preference \u2014 in this case, a preference for sons over daughters in China."},"41361":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Elena_Vid_2K-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Elena_Vid_2K-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Elena_Vid_2K-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Elena_Vid_2K-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/Elena_Vid_2K.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"cgapytm7gSw","attr":"<p>Ben Sklar for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Elena Aprile: In the Deep, a Drive to Find Dark Matter","caption":"<p>Elena Aprile explains how she hunts for dark matter in the world\u2019s largest underground laboratory.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/elena-apriles-drive-to-find-dark-matter-20161220\/","excerpt":"Elena Aprile explains how she hunts for dark matter in the world\u2019s largest underground laboratory."},"41359":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/conrad_thumbnail_blackboard.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/conrad_thumbnail_blackboard.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/conrad_thumbnail_blackboard-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/conrad_thumbnail_blackboard-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"NZvWDa06aME","attr":"<p>Kayana Szymczak for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Janet Conrad: On a Hunt for a Ghost of a Particle","caption":"<p>Janet Conrad explains how sterile neutrinos might help physicists move past the Standard Model.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/how-janet-conrad-plans-to-find-the-sterile-neutrino-20161208\/","excerpt":"Janet Conrad explains how sterile neutrinos might help physicists move past the Standard Model."},"41358":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Verlinde_YT-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Erik Verlinde by Ilvy Njiokiktjien for Quanta Magazine\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Verlinde_YT-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Verlinde_YT-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Verlinde_YT-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Verlinde_YT.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"4WjqP4-azKA","attr":"<p>Ilvy Njiokiktjien for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Erik Verlinde: The Case Against Dark Matter","caption":"<p>Erik Verlinde describes how emergent gravity and dark energy can explain away dark matter.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/erik-verlindes-gravity-minus-dark-matter-20161129\/","excerpt":"Erik Verlinde describes how emergent gravity and dark energy can explain away dark matter."},"41356":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/cynthia_dwork.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/cynthia_dwork.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/cynthia_dwork-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/cynthia_dwork-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"VLOMcNYasHQ","attr":"<p>Jessica Kourkounis for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Cynthia Dwork: How to Force Our Machines to Play Fair","caption":"<p>Cynthia Dwork explains how to conduct a survey that asks people if they do embarrassing \u2014 or even illicit \u2014 things.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/making-algorithms-fair-an-interview-with-cynthia-dwork-20161123\/","excerpt":"Cynthia Dwork explains how to conduct a survey that asks people if they do embarrassing \u2014 or even illicit \u2014 things."},"41348":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/richard_lenski.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/richard_lenski.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/richard_lenski-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/richard_lenski-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"E6CYjs7u4I8","attr":"<p>Logan Zillmer for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Richard Lenski: A Conductor of Evolution\u2019s Subtle Symphony","caption":"<p>Richard Lenski discusses how he has been surprised by evolution.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/long-term-evolution-the-richard-lenski-interview-20161103\/","excerpt":"Richard Lenski discusses how he has been surprised by evolution.\r\n"},"41337":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/michael_costanzo.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/michael_costanzo.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/michael_costanzo-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/michael_costanzo-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"SXJXlxvTHg0","attr":"<p>Marta Iwanek for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Michael Costanzo: Giant Genetic Map Reveals Life\u2019s Hidden Links","caption":"<p>Michael Costanzo, a biologist at the University of Toronto and a lead author on the new study, explains why it\u2019s important to understand how genes interact.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/giant-genetic-map-reveals-lifes-hidden-links-20161025\/","excerpt":"Michael Costanzo, a biologist at the University of Toronto and a lead author on the new study, explains why it\u2019s important to understand how genes interact."},"41409":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRGrant_04_VT-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRGrant_04_VT-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRGrant_04_VT-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRGrant_04_VT-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRGrant_04_VT.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"YytNWiYLv1M","attr":"<p>Jessica Kourkounis for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Peter and Rosemary Grant: Watching Evolution Happen in Two Lifetimes","caption":"<p>Peter and Rosemary Grant explain how our understanding of evolution has changed in their lifetimes.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/watching-evolution-happen-in-two-lifetimes-20160922\/","excerpt":"Peter and Rosemary Grant explain how our understanding of evolution has changed in their lifetimes.\r\n"},"41330":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/tracy-slatyer-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/tracy-slatyer-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/tracy-slatyer-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/tracy-slatyer-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/tracy-slatyer.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"4HmCAlTKfvQ","attr":"<p>Katherine Taylor for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Tracy Slatyer: A Seeker of Dark Matter\u2019s Hidden Light","caption":"<p>Tracy Slatyer explains why she\u2019s not disappointed when a mysterious cosmic signal turns out to be something other than dark matter.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/tracy-slatyer-searches-for-dark-matters-hidden-light-20160901\/","excerpt":"Tracy Slatyer explains why she\u2019s not disappointed when a mysterious cosmic signal turns out to be something other than dark matter.\r\n"},"41315":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/miranda-cheng-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/miranda-cheng-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/miranda-cheng-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/miranda-cheng-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/miranda-cheng.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"y1L6Hd49nT4","attr":"<p>Ilvy Njiokiktjien for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Miranda Cheng: A Moonshine Master Toys With String Theory","caption":"<p>Miranda Cheng explains what umbral moonshine is and how it might illuminate string theory.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/moonshine-master-toys-with-string-theory-20160804\/","excerpt":"Miranda Cheng explains what umbral moonshine is and how it might illuminate string theory.\r\n"},"41410":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/suchitra_sebastian-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/suchitra_sebastian-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/suchitra_sebastian-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/suchitra_sebastian-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/suchitra_sebastian.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"k18kXQgTRkE","attr":"<p>Philipp Ammon for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Suchitra Sebastian: An Explorer of Quantum Borderlands","caption":"<p>Suchitra Sebastian talks about how extreme conditions can create unexpected quantum behavior.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/suchitra-sebastians-quantum-explorations-20160609\/","excerpt":"Suchitra Sebastian talks about how extreme conditions can create unexpected quantum behavior.\r\n"},"41314":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Ono_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Ono_1920x1080-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Ono_1920x1080-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Ono_1920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Ono_1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"GxdaS1ke0J8","attr":"<p>Raymond McCrea Jones for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Ken Ono: A Life Inspired by an Unexpected Genius","caption":"<p>Ken Ono explains how Ramanujan has served as his \u201cguardian angel\u201d throughout his life and career.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-mathematician-ken-onos-life-inspired-by-ramanujan-20160519\/","excerpt":"Ken Ono explains how Ramanujan has served as his \u201cguardian angel\u201d throughout his life and career.\r\n"},"41305":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1000\" height=\"685\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/JL_01.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/JL_01.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/JL_01-520x356.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/JL_01-768x526.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>","youtube_id":"XQ3EsCnonb0","attr":"<p>B\u00e9atrice de G\u00e9a for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Janna Levin on Science and Culture","caption":"<p>Janna Levin talks about her roles as scientific director at a \u201ccenter for art and innovation\u201d in Brooklyn and as a physicist and writer.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/janna-levins-theory-of-doing-everything-20160505\/","excerpt":"Janna Levin talks about her roles as scientific director at a \u201ccenter for art and innovation\u201d in Brooklyn and as a physicist and writer."},"41303":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dave_Moore_05.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"David Moore with his tabletop experiment at Stanford University. | Peter DaSilva for Quanta Magazine\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dave_Moore_05.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dave_Moore_05-520x347.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dave_Moore_05-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>","youtube_id":"fwdNq1BYnMs","attr":"<p>Peter DaSilva for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Tiny Tests Seek the Universe\u2019s Big Mysteries","caption":"<p>David Moore explains why we might expect to find strange things when we study gravity at small scales.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/tiny-tests-seek-the-universes-big-mysteries-20160503\/","excerpt":"David Moore explains why we might expect to find strange things when we study gravity at small scales."},"41304":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1000\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dave_Moore_01.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"Inside this chamber, silica spheres probe for hidden extra dimensions, distortions of gravity, and dark-matter particles. | Peter DaSilva for Quanta Magazine\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dave_Moore_01.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dave_Moore_01-520x291.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Dave_Moore_01-768x430.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>","youtube_id":"m8h875Tvw9k","attr":"<p>Peter DaSilva for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"David Moore: Tabletop Physics","caption":"<p>David Moore of Stanford University describes how, inside this chamber, silica spheres probe for distortions of gravity.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/tiny-tests-seek-the-universes-big-mysteries-20160503\/","excerpt":"David Moore of Stanford University describes how, inside this chamber, silica spheres probe for distortions of gravity."},"41302":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Hoffman_Vid-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Hoffman_Vid-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Hoffman_Vid-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Hoffman_Vid-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Hoffman_Vid.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"WcgbLwn_yYE","attr":"<p>David McNew for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"The Evolutionary Argument Against Reality","caption":"<p>Donald Hoffman explains how our perceptions have evolved to become like a computer interface.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-evolutionary-argument-against-reality-20160421\/","excerpt":"Donald Hoffman explains how our perceptions have evolved to become like a computer interface."},"41301":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1000\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Deamer_1K.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Deamer_1K.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Deamer_1K-520x291.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Deamer_1K-768x430.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>","youtube_id":"0a-i31cgM_Q","attr":"<p>Peter DaSilva for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"David Deamer: How We\u2019re Studying the Origins of Life","caption":"<p>David Deamer explains how his laboratory mimics the extreme conditions found on volcanoes in the early Earth.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/in-warm-greasy-puddles-the-spark-of-life-20160317\/","excerpt":"David Deamer explains how his laboratory mimics the extreme conditions found on volcanoes in the early Earth. \r\n"},"41300":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"613\" height=\"343\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Atiyah_01_613x343.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Atiyah_01_613x343.jpg 613w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Atiyah_01_613x343-520x291.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px\" \/>","youtube_id":"6yqkWo9FXco","attr":"<p>Philipp Ammon for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Michael Atiyah\u2019s Imaginative State of Mind","caption":"<p>Michael Atiyah discusses beauty in mathematics.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/michael-atiyahs-mathematical-dreams-20160303\/","excerpt":"Michael Atiyah discusses beauty in mathematics.\r\n"},"41299":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1000\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/LeslieValiant_Lead_00.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/LeslieValiant_Lead_00.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/LeslieValiant_Lead_00-520x291.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/LeslieValiant_Lead_00-768x430.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>","youtube_id":"q3gaAvv9JJ4","attr":"<p>Katherine Taylor for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Leslie Valiant: Searching for the Algorithms Underlying Life","caption":"<p>Leslie Valiant explains the term “ecorithm.”<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-hidden-algorithms-underlying-life-20160128\/","excerpt":"Leslie Valiant explains the term \"ecorithm.\"\r\n"},"41298":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1000\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/why-trust-in-theory05_1000.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/why-trust-in-theory05_1000.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/why-trust-in-theory05_1000-520x291.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/why-trust-in-theory05_1000-768x430.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>","youtube_id":"isQVznEhccY","attr":"<p>Laetitia Vancon for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Richard Dawid: Why Trust a Theory?","caption":"<p>Richard Dawid discusses the fine line between science and speculation.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-fight-for-the-soul-of-science-20151216\/","excerpt":"Richard Dawid discusses the fine line between science and speculation.\r\n"},"41297":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"615\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ChristophAdami.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ChristophAdami.jpg 615w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/ChristophAdami-520x296.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 615px) 100vw, 615px\" \/>","youtube_id":"S-mkg_6jGFk","attr":"<p>Kristen Norman for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Christoph Adami: The Information Theory of Life","caption":"<p>Christoph Adami explains how information theory can explain the persistence of life.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-information-theory-of-life-20151119\/","excerpt":"Christoph Adami explains how information theory can explain the persistence of life.\r\n"},"41295":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Strassman_11.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Strassman_11.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Strassman_11-520x346.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Strassman_11-768x511.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>","youtube_id":"qFqZdcrygdk","attr":"<p>Whitney Curtis for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Joan Strassmann: The Woman Who Stared at Wasps","caption":"<p>Joan Strassmann explains the benefits of studying social amoebas.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-woman-who-stared-at-wasps-20151105\/","excerpt":"Joan Strassmann explains the benefits of studying social amoebas. \r\n"},"41293":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"613\" height=\"343\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/GGonzales_LIGO_613x343.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/GGonzales_LIGO_613x343.jpg 613w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/GGonzales_LIGO_613x343-520x291.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px\" \/>","youtube_id":"2jlYZ15M32M","attr":"<p>William Widmer for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Gabriela Gonz\u00e1lez: Searching the Sky for the Wobbles of Gravity","caption":"<p>Gabriela Gonz\u00e1lez explains how to measure black-hole collisions using gravitational waves.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/advanced-ligo-listens-for-gravitational-waves-20151022\/","excerpt":"Gabriela Gonz\u00e1lez explains how to measure black-hole collisions using gravitational waves."},"41111":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/maxresdefault-3-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/maxresdefault-3-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/maxresdefault-3-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/maxresdefault-3-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/maxresdefault-3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"PfF4TTuAwhM","attr":"<p>B\u00e9atrice de G\u00e9a for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Nima Arkani-Hamed\u2019s Visions of Future Physics","caption":"<p>Nima Arkani-Hamed makes his \u201cbig-picture\u201d case for building a 100-TeV particle collider.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/nima-arkani-hamed-and-the-future-of-physics-20150922\/","excerpt":"Nima Arkani-Hamed makes his \u201cbig-picture\u201d case for building a 100-TeV particle collider."},"41109":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/NancyMoranBees_1K.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/NancyMoranBees_1K.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/NancyMoranBees_1K-520x347.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/NancyMoranBees_1K-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>","youtube_id":"aoEVZWXRwfU","attr":"<p>Bill McCullough for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Nancy Moran: An Explorer of Life\u2019s Deepest Partnerships","caption":"<p>Nancy Moran explains how colony collapse disorder led her to study the bacteria that live in the guts of bees.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/nancy-moran-on-bees-microbes-symbiosis-20150917\/","excerpt":"Nancy Moran explains how colony collapse disorder led her to study the bacteria that live in the guts of bees."},"41107":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1000\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Bullock.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Bullock.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Bullock-520x338.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Bullock-768x499.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>","youtube_id":"DiNyOZ-6dUU","attr":"<p>Jonathan Alcorn for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"James Bullock: The Case for Complex Dark Matter","caption":"<p>James Bullock explains why dark matter might be more complicated than astronomers have assumed.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-case-for-complex-dark-matter-20150820\/","excerpt":"James Bullock explains why dark matter might be more complicated than astronomers have assumed."},"41105":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/maxresdefault-2.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/maxresdefault-2.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/maxresdefault-2-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/maxresdefault-2-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>","youtube_id":"31GxgJr3StY","attr":"<p>Andrew Testa for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Hiranya Peiris: How to Test If We Live in a Multiverse","caption":"<p>University College London physicist Hiranya Peiris explains how the multiverse can be tested.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/multiverse-collisions-may-dot-the-sky-20141110\/","excerpt":"University College London physicist Hiranya Peiris explains how the multiverse can be tested."},"41103":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"1720\" height=\"968\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Guth1-1720x968.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Guth1-1720x968.jpg 1720w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Guth1-520x293.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Guth1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Guth1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1720px) 100vw, 1720px\" \/>","youtube_id":"4hWNQvYA8mc","attr":"<p>Katherine Taylor for Quanta Magazine<\/p>\n","title":"Alan Guth: How Many Two-Headed Cows in a Multiverse?","caption":"<p>MIT cosmologist Alan Guth, 67, discusses why two-headed cows are an important problem in an infinite multiverse.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-multiverses-measure-problem-20141103\/","excerpt":"MIT cosmologist Alan Guth, 67, discusses why two-headed cows are an important problem in an infinite multiverse."},"41096":{"cover_image":"<img width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/DysonPaintingStill.jpg\" class=\"absolute fit-x\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/DysonPaintingStill.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/DysonPaintingStill-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>","youtube_id":"rlaPLvETBug","attr":"<p>Cinematography by Ben Henretig of Micro-Documentaries. Editing by Aaron Biscombe. Music by Dexter Britain.<\/p>\n","title":"A \u2018Rebel\u2019 Without a Ph.D.","caption":"<p>A conversation with the mathematical physicist Freeman Dyson on quantum electrodynamics, climate change and his latest pet project.<\/p>\n","link":"https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-math-puzzle-worthy-of-freeman-dyson-20140326\/","excerpt":"A conversation with the mathematical physicist Freeman Dyson on quantum electrodynamics, climate change and his latest pet project."}}; //https://developers.google.com/youtube/iframe_api_reference let ytTag = document.createElement('script'); ytTag.src = "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api"; let ytFirstScriptTag = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; ytFirstScriptTag.parentNode.insertBefore(ytTag, ytFirstScriptTag); function onYouTubeIframeAPIReady() { const players = document.querySelectorAll('div[id^="youtube-"]'); players.forEach(function(player) { const videoId = player.id.slice(8); window['videoPlayer' + videoId] = new YT.Player('youtube-' + 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