Numerical Study of Motion of Falling Conical Graupel

<!DOCTYPE html>     <html class="no-js" lang="en">  <head> <title>Numerical Study of Motion of Falling Conical Graupel - NASA/ADS</title>  <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//styles/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="//styles/favicon/favicon-32x32.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="//styles/favicon/favicon-16x16.png" /> <link rel="manifest" href="//styles/favicon/site.webmanifest" /> <link rel="mask-icon" href="//styles/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="NASA ADS" /> <meta name="application-name" content="NASA ADS" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles/css/styles.css"> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive"> <link rel="canonical" href="http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/abstract"/> <meta name="description" content="In the present study, the attitudes of freely-falling conical graupel with a realistic range of densities are investigated numerically by solving the transient Navier-Stokes equations and the body dynamics equations representing the 6-degrees-of-freedom motion. This framework allows us to determine the position and orientation of the graupel in response to the hydrodynamic force of the flow fields. The results show more significant horizontal movements than those cases with a fixed bulk density of ice assumed in our previous study. This is because the real graupel particles possess the density less than the bulk density of ice, which, in turn, leads to a relatively small mass and a relatively small set of moments of inertia. We demonstrate that, with the six degrees of freedom considered together, when Reynolds number is small, a typical damped oscillation occurs, whereas when Reynolds number is high, amplifying oscillation may occur which leads to more complicated and unpredictable flying attitudes such as tumbling. The drag coefficients obtained in the present study agree with the previous studies and can be approximated by that of spheres of the same Reynolds numbers. We also show that conical graupel can perform significant horizontal translations which can be on the order of 1 km in 1 h.">  <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:title" content="Numerical Study of Motion of Falling Conical Graupel"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NASA/ADS"> <meta property="og:description" content="In the present study, the attitudes of freely-falling conical graupel with a realistic range of densities are investigated numerically by solving the transient Navier-Stokes equations and the body dynamics equations representing the 6-degrees-of-freedom motion. This framework allows us to determine the position and orientation of the graupel in response to the hydrodynamic force of the flow fields. The results show more significant horizontal movements than those cases with a fixed bulk density of ice assumed in our previous study. This is because the real graupel particles possess the density less than the bulk density of ice, which, in turn, leads to a relatively small mass and a relatively small set of moments of inertia. We demonstrate that, with the six degrees of freedom considered together, when Reynolds number is small, a typical damped oscillation occurs, whereas when Reynolds number is high, amplifying oscillation may occur which leads to more complicated and unpredictable flying attitudes such as tumbling. The drag coefficients obtained in the present study agree with the previous studies and can be approximated by that of spheres of the same Reynolds numbers. We also show that conical graupel can perform significant horizontal translations which can be on the order of 1 km in 1 h."> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/abstract"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/styles/img/transparent_logo.svg"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="01/2018"> <meta property="article:author" content="Chueh, Chih-Che"> <meta property="article:author" content="Wang, Pao K."> <meta property="article:author" content="Hashino, Tempei">  <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Atmospheric Research"> <meta name="citation_authors" content="Chueh, Chih-Che;Wang, Pao K.;Hashino, Tempei"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Numerical Study of Motion of Falling Conical Graupel"> <meta name="citation_date" content="01/2018"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="199"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="82"> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.09.008"> <meta name="citation_issn" content="0169-8095"> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Fall attitudes"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Conical graupel particles"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="CFD"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Low Reynolds numbers"> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/abstract"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="01/2018"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="92" /> <link title="schema(PRISM)" rel="schema.prism" href="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/" /> <meta name="prism.publicationDate" content="01/2018" /> <meta name="prism.publicationName" content="AtmRe" /> <meta name="prism.issn" content="0169-8095" /> <meta name="prism.volume" content="199" /> <meta name="prism.startingPage" content="82" /> <meta name="prism.endingPage" content="92" /> <link title="schema(DC)" rel="schema.dc" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.09.008" /> <meta name="dc.date" content="01/2018" /> <meta name="dc.source" content="AtmRe" /> <meta name="dc.title" content="Numerical Study of Motion of Falling Conical Graupel" /> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Chueh, Chih-Che"> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Wang, Pao K."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Hashino, Tempei">  <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="In the present study, the attitudes of freely-falling conical graupel with a realistic range of densities are investigated numerically by solving the transient Navier-Stokes equations and the body dynamics equations representing the 6-degrees-of-freedom motion. This framework allows us to determine the position and orientation of the graupel in response to the hydrodynamic force of the flow fields. The results show more significant horizontal movements than those cases with a fixed bulk density of ice assumed in our previous study. This is because the real graupel particles possess the density less than the bulk density of ice, which, in turn, leads to a relatively small mass and a relatively small set of moments of inertia. We demonstrate that, with the six degrees of freedom considered together, when Reynolds number is small, a typical damped oscillation occurs, whereas when Reynolds number is high, amplifying oscillation may occur which leads to more complicated and unpredictable flying attitudes such as tumbling. The drag coefficients obtained in the present study agree with the previous studies and can be approximated by that of spheres of the same Reynolds numbers. We also show that conical graupel can perform significant horizontal translations which can be on the order of 1 km in 1 h."/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Numerical Study of Motion of Falling Conical Graupel"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@adsabs"/> <meta name="twitter:domain" content="NASA/ADS"/> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/styles/img/transparent_logo.svg"/> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@adsabs"/> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <base href="/"> <style> .btn-full-ads { color: #fff !important; background-color: #1a1a1a !important; border-color: #1a1a1a !important; margin-top: 9px !important; padding-bottom: 10px !important; padding-top: 10px !important; } .btn-full-ads:hover, .btn-full-ads:focus, .btn-full-ads:active, .btn-full-ads.active, .open>.dropdown-toggle.btn-full-ads { color: #000 !important; background-color: #ddd !important; border-color: #1a1a1a !important; } .dropdown-toggle:hover .dropdown-menu { display: block; } .navbar-nav.navbar-right:last-child { margin-right: -15px !important; } .navbar-right { @media screen (min-width: $screen-sm) { float: right!important; } } /*the container must be positioned relative:*/ .autocomplete { position: relative; display: inline-block; } .autocomplete-items { position: absolute; border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; border-bottom: none; border-top: none; z-index: 99; /*position the autocomplete items to be the same width as the container:*/ top: 100%; left: 0; right: 0; } .autocomplete-items div { padding: 10px; cursor: pointer; background-color: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid #d4d4d4; } /*when hovering an item:*/ .autocomplete-items div:hover { background-color: #e9e9e9; } /*when navigating through the items using the arrow keys:*/ .autocomplete-active { background-color: #d7dfec !important; color: #000000; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="aria-announcement-container">Now on home page</div> <div id="app-container"> <div id="body-template-container"> <div class="s-master-page-manager"> <div id="navbar-container"> <div data-widget="NavbarWidget"> <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse"> <div class="container-fluid">  <div class=""> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-left"> <li> <a class="navbar-brand" href="/"> <img class="s-ads-icon" src="/styles/img/transparent_logo.svg" alt="ads icon"/> <h1> <b>ads</b></h1> </a> </li> </ul> </div>  <div class="">  <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li data-match-route="/"> <a href="/core/never/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/abstract" style="transition: none; " class="btn btn-full-ads"> <i class="fa fa-refresh"></i> Enable full ADS </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="content-container"> <div class="dynamic-container s-dynamic-container"> <div id="abstract-page-layout" class="s-abstract-page-layout"> <div class="row s-stable-search-bar-height s-results-control-row-container hidden-xs"> </div> <div class="row s-dynamic-page-body" id="dynamic-page-body"> <div class="s-abstract-content"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2" style="" id="left-column"> <div class="nav-container s-nav-container" style="transform: none; width: 100%; position: relative" id="left-column"> <nav> <div class="s-nav-header s-view-nav"> <i class="icon-list"></i> <h3>view </h3> </div> <a href="/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/abstract" data-widget-id="ShowAbstract"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav s-nav-selected"> <span class="s-content"> Abstract </span> </div> </a> </a> <a href="/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/citations" aria-disabled="true" data-widget-id="ShowCitations"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav "> <span class="s-content"> Citations <span class="num-items">(1)</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/references" aria-disabled="true" data-widget-id="ShowReferences"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav "> <span class="s-content"> References <span class="num-items">(16)</span> </span> </div> </a> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav s-nav-inactive "> <span class="s-content"> Co-Reads </span> </div> <a href="/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/similar" aria-disabled="true" data-widget-id="ShowSimilar"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav "> <span class="s-content"> Similar Papers </span> </div> </a> <div aria-disabled="true" data-widget-id="ShowToc"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav s-nav-inactive"> <span class="s-content"> Volume Content </span> </div> </div> <div href="#" data-widget-id="ShowGraphics"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav s-nav-inactive"> <span class="s-content"> Graphics </span> </div> </div> <a href="/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/metrics" data-widget-id="ShowMetrics"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav"> <span class="s-content"> Metrics </span> </div> <a href="/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/exportcitation" data-widget-id="ShowExportcitation__default"> <div class="abstract-nav s-nav "> <span class="content"> Export Citation </span> </div> </a> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-md-7 col-lg-7 s-middle-column" id="middle-column" style="padding-bottom: 0%">  <div class="main-content-container s-main-content-container" id="main-content" tabindex="-1" style="margin-bottom: 5px"> <div class="print-visible"> <h2 style="margin-left:6.1%;">NASA/ADS</h2> </div> <div id="abstract-title-container" class="s-abstract-title-container"> <div data-widget="ShowAbstract"> <article class="s-abstract-metadata">  <h2 class="s-abstract-title"> Numerical Study of Motion of Falling Conical Graupel <a href=""></a> </h2> <div id="authors-and-aff" class="s-authors-and-aff"> <ul class="list-inline"> <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Chueh%2C+Chih-Che%22">Chueh, Chih-Che</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Wang%2C+Pao+K.%22">Wang, Pao K.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Hashino%2C+Tempei%22">Hashino, Tempei</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="s-abstract-text"> <h4 class="sr-only">Abstract</h4> <p> In the present study, the attitudes of freely-falling conical graupel with a realistic range of densities are investigated numerically by solving the transient Navier-Stokes equations and the body dynamics equations representing the 6-degrees-of-freedom motion. This framework allows us to determine the position and orientation of the graupel in response to the hydrodynamic force of the flow fields. The results show more significant horizontal movements than those cases with a fixed bulk density of ice assumed in our previous study. This is because the real graupel particles possess the density less than the bulk density of ice, which, in turn, leads to a relatively small mass and a relatively small set of moments of inertia. We demonstrate that, with the six degrees of freedom considered together, when Reynolds number is small, a typical damped oscillation occurs, whereas when Reynolds number is high, amplifying oscillation may occur which leads to more complicated and unpredictable flying attitudes such as tumbling. The drag coefficients obtained in the present study agree with the previous studies and can be approximated by that of spheres of the same Reynolds numbers. We also show that conical graupel can perform significant horizontal translations which can be on the order of 1 km in 1 h. </p> </div> <br> <dl class="s-abstract-dl-horizontal"> <dt>Publication:</dt> <dd> <div id="article-publication">Atmospheric Research</div> </dd> <dt>Pub Date:</dt> <dd>January 2018</dd> <dt>DOI:</dt> <dd> <span> <a href="/link_gateway/2018AtmRe.199...82C/doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.09.008" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.09.008</a> <i class="fa fa-external-link"></i> </span> </dd> <dt>Bibcode:</dt> <dd> <a href="/abs/2018AtmRe.199...82C/abstract"> 2018AtmRe.199...82C </a> <i class="icon-help" title="The bibcode is assigned by the ADS as a unique identifier for the paper."></i> </dd> <dt>Keywords:</dt> <dd> <ul class="list-inline"> <li>Fall attitudes;</li> <li>Conical graupel particles;</li> <li>CFD;</li> <li>Low Reynolds numbers</li> </ul> </dd> </dl> </article> </div> <div data-widget="ShowCitations"></div> <div data-widget="ShowReferences"></div> <div data-widget="ShowCoreads"></div> <div data-widget="ShowSimilar"></div> <div data-widget="ShowTableofcontents"></div> <div data-widget="ShowGraphics"></div> <div data-widget="ShowExportcitation" data-origin="abstract"></div> <div data-widget="ShowMetrics" data-allow-redirect="false"></div> <div data-widget="MetaTagsWidget"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="s-right-col-container col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-3 col-lg-2 s-right-column" id="right-col-container" > <div data-widget="ShowResources"> <div data-reactroot="" class="s-right-col-widget-container" style="padding: 10px" > <div> <div class="resources__container"> <div class="resources__full__list"> <div class="resources__header__row"> <i class="fa fa-file-text-o" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <div class="resources__header__title">full text sources</div> </div> <div class="resources__content"> <div class="resources__content__title">Publisher</div> <div class="resources__content__links"> <span> <div class="resources__content__link__separator">|</div> </span> <span> <a href="/link_gateway/2018AtmRe.199...82C/PUB_HTML" rel="noopener" class="resources__content__link " > <i class="fa fa-file-text" aria-hidden="true"> </i> </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-widget="ShowAssociated"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-widget="ShowGraphicsSidebar"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-container"> <div data-widget="FooterWidget"> <div class="footer s-footer"> <footer> <div class="__footer_wrapper"> <div class="__footer_brand"> 漏 The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System <div class="__footer_brand_extra"> <p> <i class="fa fa-envelope"></i> adshelp[at]cfa.harvard.edu </p> <p> The ADS is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA Cooperative Agreement <em>NNX16AC86A</em> </p> </div> <div class="__footer_brand_logos"> <a href="http://www.nasa.gov" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <img src="/styles/img/nasa.svg" alt="NASA logo" id="nasa-logo"> </a> <a href="http://www.si.edu" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <img id="smithsonian-logo" src="/styles/img/smithsonian.svg" alt="Smithsonian logo"> </a> <a href="https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <img src="/styles/img/cfa.png" title="Harvard Center for Astrophysics logo" id="cfa-logo"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="__footer_list"> <div class="__footer_list_title"> Resources </div> <ul class="__footer_links"> <li> <a href="/about/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> About ADS </a> </li> <li> <a href="//ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/help/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-info-circle"></i> ADS Help </a> </li> <li> <a href="//ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/help/whats_new/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-bullhorn"></i> What's New </a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/careers/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-group"></i> Careers@ADS </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="__footer_list"> <div class="__footer_list_title"> Social </div> <ul class="__footer_links"> <li> <a href="//twitter.com/adsabs" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-twitter"></i> @adsabs </a> </li> <li> <a href="//ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/blog/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <i class="fa fa-newspaper-o"></i> ADS Blog </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="__footer_list"> <div class="__footer_list_title"> Project </div> <ul class="__footer_links"> <li> <a href="/core/never">Switch to full ADS</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://adsisdownorjustme.herokuapp.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Is ADS down? (or is it just me...)</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.si.edu" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Smithsonian Institution</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.si.edu/Privacy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Smithsonian Privacy Notice</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.si.edu/Termsofuse" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Smithsonian Terms of Use</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/sao" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.nasa.gov" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NASA</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="darkSwitch" class="darkmode-toggle hidden" title="Turn on dark mode">馃寭</div> <script> function autocomplete(searchBox, autoValues) { // Arguments: the text field element and an array of possible autocompleted values var currentFocus; // selected autocomplete option // Function to be run when the user types searchBox.addEventListener("input", function(e) { var a, b, i, val = this.value; // close any list of autocomplete values closeAllLists(); if (!val) { return false;} val = val.split(/\s+/); val = val[val.length - 1]; if (!val) { return false;} currentFocus = -1; // Create a DIV element that will contain the items (values): a = document.createElement("DIV"); a.setAttribute("id", this.id + "autocomplete-list"); a.setAttribute("class", "autocomplete-items"); // Append the DIV element as a child of the autocomplete container: this.parentNode.appendChild(a); for (i = 0; i < autoValues.length; i++) { // Check if the item starts with the same letters as the text field value: if (autoValues[i].match.substr(0, val.length).toUpperCase() == val.toUpperCase()) { // Create a DIV element for each matching element: b = document.createElement("DIV"); b.innerHTML = autoValues[i].label; if ("desc" in autoValues[i]) { b.innerHTML += " <i>" + autoValues[i].desc + "</i>"; } if (autoValues[i].value.startsWith(autoValues[i].match) ) { b.innerHTML += " | <strong>" + autoValues[i].match.substr(0, val.length) + "</strong>"; b.innerHTML += autoValues[i].match.substr(val.length); } // Insert a input field that will hold the current array item's value: b.innerHTML += "<input type='hidden' value='" + autoValues[i].value + "'>"; // Listen to clicks on the item value (DIV element): b.addEventListener("click", function(e) { var terms = searchBox.value.split(/\s+/); // Remove the current part of the input used for matching terms.pop(); // Insert the value for the autocomplete text field: terms.push(this.getElementsByTagName("input")[0].value); searchBox.value = terms.join(" "); // Move cursor position inside quotes/parenthesis if needed searchBox.focus(); if (searchBox.value[searchBox.value.length-1] === '"' || searchBox.value[searchBox.value.length-1] === ')') { searchBox.setSelectionRange(searchBox.value.length-1, searchBox.value.length-1); } // Close the list of autocompleted values closeAllLists(); }); a.appendChild(b); } } if (a.children.length > 0) { // By default, enter will select the first entry currentFocus = 0; addActive(a.children); } }); /*execute a function presses a key on the keyboard:*/ searchBox.addEventListener("keydown", function(e) { var x = document.getElementById(this.id + "autocomplete-list"); if (x) x = x.getElementsByTagName("div"); if (e.keyCode == 40) { // If the arrow DOWN key is pressed, increase the currentFocus variable: currentFocus++; addActive(x); } else if (e.keyCode == 38) { //up // If the arrow UP key is pressed, decrease the currentFocus variable: currentFocus--; /*and and make the current item more visible:*/ addActive(x); } else if (e.keyCode == 13) { // If the ENTER key is pressed: if (currentFocus > -1) { // Prevent the form from being submitted: e.preventDefault(); // Simulate a click on the "active" item: if (x) x[currentFocus].click(); currentFocus = -1; } } }); function addActive(x) { // Classify an item as "active": if (!x) return false; // Remove the "active" class on all items: removeActive(x); if (currentFocus >= x.length) currentFocus = 0; if (currentFocus < 0) currentFocus = (x.length - 1); // Add class "autocomplete-active": x[currentFocus].classList.add("autocomplete-active"); } function removeActive(x) { // Remove the "active" class from all autocomplete items: for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) { x[i].classList.remove("autocomplete-active"); } } function closeAllLists(elmnt) { // Close all autocomplete lists in the document, except the one passed as an argument: var x = document.getElementsByClassName("autocomplete-items"); for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i++) { if (elmnt != x[i] && elmnt != searchBox) { x[i].parentNode.removeChild(x[i]); } } } // Any other clicks in the document: document.addEventListener("click", function (e) { closeAllLists(e.target); }); } var autoList = [ { value: 'author:""', label: 'Author', match: 'author:"' }, { value: 'author:"^"', label: 'First Author', match: 'first author' }, { value: 'author:"^"', label: 'First Author', match: 'author:"^' }, { value: 'bibcode:""', label: 'Bibcode', desc: 'e.g. bibcode:1989ApJ...342L..71R', match: 'bibcode:"' }, { value: 'bibstem:""', label: 'Publication', desc: 'e.g. bibstem:ApJ', match: 'bibstem:"' }, { value: 'bibstem:""', label: 'Publication', desc: 'e.g. bibstem:ApJ', match: 'publication (bibstem)' }, { value: 'arXiv:', label: 'arXiv ID', match: 'arxiv:' }, { value: 'doi:', label: 'DOI', match: 'doi:' }, { value: 'full:""', label: 'Full text search', desc: 'title, abstract, and body', match: 'full:' }, { value: 'full:""', label: 'Full text search', desc: 'title, abstract, and body', match: 'fulltext' }, { value: 'full:""', label: 'Full text search', desc: 'title, abstract, and body', match: 'text' }, { value: 'year:', label: 'Year', match: 'year' }, { value: 'year:1999-2005', label: 'Year Range', desc: 'e.g. 1999-2005', match: 'year range' }, { value: 'aff:""', label: 'Affiliation', match: 'aff:' }, { value: 'abs:""', label: 'Search abstract + title + keywords', match: 'abs:' }, { value: 'database:astronomy', label: 'Limit to papers in the astronomy database', match: 'database:astronomy' }, { value: 'database:physics', label: 'Limit to papers in the physics database', match: 'database:physics' }, { value: 'title:""', label: 'Title', match: 'title:"' }, { value: 'orcid:', label: 'ORCiD identifier', match: 'orcid:' }, { value: 'object:', label: 'SIMBAD object (e.g. object:LMC)', match: 'object:' }, { value: 'property:refereed', label: 'Limit to refereed', desc: '(property:refereed)', match: 'refereed' }, { value: 'property:refereed', label: 'Limit to refereed', desc: '(property:refereed)', match: 'property:refereed' }, { value: 'property:notrefereed', label: 'Limit to non-refereed', desc: '(property:notrefereed)', match: 'property:notrefereed' }, { value: 'property:notrefereed', label: 'Limit to non-refereed', desc: '(property:notrefereed)', match: 'notrefereed' }, { value: 'property:eprint', label: 'Limit to eprints', desc: '(property:eprint)', match: 'eprint' }, { value: 'property:eprint', label: 'Limit to eprints', desc: '(property:eprint)', match: 'property:eprint' }, { value: 'property:openaccess', label: 'Limit to open access', desc: '(property:openaccess)', match: 'property:openaccess' }, { value: 'property:openaccess', label: 'Limit to open access', desc: '(property:openaccess)', match: 'openaccess' }, { value: 'doctype:software', label: 'Limit to software', desc: '(doctype:software)', match: 'software' }, { value: 'doctype:software', label: 'Limit to software', desc: '(doctype:software)', match: 'doctype:software' }, { value: 'property:inproceedings', label: 'Limit to papers in conference proceedings', desc: '(property:inproceedings)', match: 'proceedings' }, { value: 'property:inproceedings', label: 'Limit to papers in conference proceedings', desc: '(property:inproceedings)', match: 'property:inproceedings' }, { value: 'citations()', label: 'Citations', desc: 'Get papers citing your search result set', match: 'citations(' }, { value: 'references()', label: 'References', desc: 'Get papers referenced by your search result set', match: 'references(' }, { value: 'trending()', label: 'Trending', desc: 'Get papers most read by users who recently read your search result set', match: 'trending(' }, { value: 'reviews()', label: 'Review Articles', desc: 'Get most relevant papers that cite your search result set', match: 'reviews(' }, { value: 'useful()', label: 'Useful', desc: 'Get papers most frequently cited by your search result set', match: 'useful(' }, { value: 'similar()', label: 'Similar', desc: 'Get papers that have similar full text to your search result set', match: 'similar(' }, ]; // initiate the autocomplete function on the "q" element, and pass along the operators array as possible autocomplete values: inputBox = document.getElementById("q") if (inputBox) { inputBox.focus() // autofucs inputBox.setSelectionRange(inputBox.value.length, inputBox.value.length); // bring cursor to the end autocomplete(inputBox, autoList); } </script> <script> (function() { // turn off no-js if we have javascript document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace("no-js", "js"); function getCookie(cname) { var name = cname + "="; var decodedCookie = decodeURIComponent(document.cookie); var ca = decodedCookie.split(';'); for (var i = 0; i < ca.length; i++) { var c = ca[i]; while (c.charAt(0) == ' ') { c = c.substring(1); } if (c.indexOf(name) == 0) { return c.substring(name.length, c.length); } } return ""; } (function() { // looks for the cookie, and sets true if its 'always' const coreCookie = getCookie('core') === 'always'; // only load bumblebee if we detect the core cookie and we are on abstract page if (coreCookie || (!(/^\/abs\//.test(document.location.pathname)) && !coreCookie)) { return; } window.__PRERENDERED = true; const addScript = function(args, cb) { const script = document.createElement('script'); Object.keys(args).forEach((key) => { script.setAttribute(key, args[key]); }); script.onload = function() { cb && cb(script); }; document.body.appendChild(script); } window.require = { waitSeconds: 0, baseUrl: '/' }; addScript({ src: '/libs/require.js' }, () => { addScript({ src: '/config/shim.js' }); }); })(); })(); </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Numerical Study of Motion of Falling Conical Graupel - NASA/ADS