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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Empirisme" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Empirisme" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> 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sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tesis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tesis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tesis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tesis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Les_ciències_empíriques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Les_ciències_empíriques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Les ciències empíriques</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Les_ciències_empíriques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Enllaços externs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Empirisme</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 86 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">86 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Empirisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B3%E1%88%B3%E1%88%BB%E1%8B%8A%E1%8A%90%E1%89%B5" title="ዳሳሻዊነት - amhàric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዳሳሻዊነት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhàric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9)" title="تجريبية (فلسفة) - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تجريبية (فلسفة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87" title="التجريبيه - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="التجريبيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismu" title="Empirismu - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Empirismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirizm" title="Empirizm - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Empirizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Эмпірызм - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эмпірызм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Емпиризъм - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Емпиризъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="অভিজ্ঞতাবাদ - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অভিজ্ঞতাবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirizam" title="Empirizam - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Empirizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ئیمپیریزم - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیمپیریزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismus" title="Empirismus - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Empirismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiriaeth" title="Empiriaeth - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Empiriaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Empirisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismus" title="Empirismus - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Empirismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisisme" title="Empirisisme - Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Empirisisme" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Εμπειρισμός - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εμπειρισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empir%C3%AC%C5%9Bem" title="Empirìśem - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Empirìśem" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Empiricism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiriismo" title="Empiriismo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Empiriismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismo" title="Empirismo - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Empirismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirism" title="Empirism - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Empirism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enpirismo" title="Enpirismo - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Enpirismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="تجربه‌گرایی - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تجربه‌گرایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismi" title="Empirismi - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Empirismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Empirisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eimp%C3%ADreachas" title="Eimpíreachas - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eimpíreachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E9%A9%97%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="經驗主義 - xinès gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="經驗主義" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="xinès gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismo" title="Empirismo - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Empirismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="અનુભવવાદ - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="અનુભવવાદ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="אמפיריציזם - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמפיריציזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="इंद्रियानुभववाद - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इंद्रियानुभववाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirizam" title="Empirizam - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Empirizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirizmus" title="Empirizmus - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Empirizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Էմպիրիզմ - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էմպիրիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Empirisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiriko" title="Empiriko - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Empiriko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raunhyggja" title="Raunhyggja - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Raunhyggja" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismo" title="Empirismo - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Empirismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%8C%E9%A8%93%E8%AB%96" title="経験論 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="経験論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ემპირიზმი - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ემპირიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Эмпиризм - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Эмпиризм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%ED%97%98%EB%A1%A0" title="경험론 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="경험론" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emp%C3%AEr%C3%AEzm" title="Empîrîzm - kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Empîrîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Эмпиризм - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эмпиризм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismus" title="Empirismus - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Empirismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekyekebejjo_(Empiricism)" title="Ekyekebejjo (Empiricism) - ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Ekyekebejjo (Empiricism)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirizmas" title="Empirizmas - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Empirizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emp%C4%ABrisms" title="Empīrisms - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Empīrisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Емпиризам - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Емпиризам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82" title="അനുഭവവാദം - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അനുഭവവാദം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="अनुभववाद - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अनुभववाद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisisme" title="Empirisisme - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Empirisisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismus" title="Empirismus - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Empirismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Empirisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Empirisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Empirisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisme" title="Empirisme - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Empirisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਅਨੁਭਵਵਾਦ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਨੁਭਵਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismo" title="Empirismo - papiament" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Empirismo" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiament" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiryzm" title="Empiryzm - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Empiryzm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirism" title="Empirism - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Empirism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%87%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87" title="تجربهپالنه - paixtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تجربهپالنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paixtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirismo" title="Empirismo - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Empirismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirism" title="Empirism - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Empirism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Эмпиризм - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эмпиризм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="تجربيت - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="تجربيت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirizam" title="Empirizam - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Empirizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Empiricism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirizmus" title="Empirizmus - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Empirizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiricizmi" title="Empiricizmi - albanès" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Empiricizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Емпиризам - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Емпиризам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirism" title="Empirism - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Empirism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujarabati" title="Ujarabati - suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ujarabati" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="புலனறிவாதம் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புலனறிவாதம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%82" title="అనుభవవాదం - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అనుభవవాదం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ประสบการณ์นิยม - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประสบการณ์นิยม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deneycilik" title="Deneycilik - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deneycilik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Емпіризм - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Емпіризм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="تجربیت - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تجربیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirizm" title="Empirizm - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Empirizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_kinh_nghi%E1%BB%87m" title="Chủ nghĩa kinh nghiệm - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa kinh nghiệm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirisismo" title="Empirisismo - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Empirisismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E9%A9%97%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="經驗主義 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="經驗主義" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="经验主义 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="经验主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E9%A9%97%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="經驗主義 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" 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class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:John_Locke.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_Locke.jpg/220px-John_Locke.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_Locke.jpg/330px-John_Locke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_Locke.jpg/440px-John_Locke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="1020" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a>, fundador de l'Empirisme britànic.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:David_Hume.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/David_Hume.jpg/220px-David_Hume.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/David_Hume.jpg/330px-David_Hume.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/David_Hume.jpg/440px-David_Hume.jpg 2x" data-file-width="825" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>L'<b>empirisme</b> és un corrent <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">filosòfic</a> sorgit a les <a href="/wiki/Illes_Brit%C3%A0niques" title="Illes Britàniques">Illes Britàniques</a> al <a href="/wiki/Segle_XVIII" title="Segle XVIII">segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xviii</span></a> que és tradicionalment considerat com a oposat al <a href="/wiki/Racionalisme_(filosofia)" title="Racionalisme (filosofia)">racionalisme</a>. </p><p>S'inscriu dins de la <a href="/wiki/Filosofia_moderna" title="Filosofia moderna">filosofia moderna</a> (segles <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xvii</span>-<span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xviii</span>), que té com a principal problema l'estudi dels orígens i límits del <a href="/wiki/Coneixement" title="Coneixement">coneixement</a> (<a href="/wiki/Epistemologia" title="Epistemologia">epistemologia</a>). Segons els <b>empiristes</b>, aquest coneixement prové de l'<a href="/wiki/Experi%C3%A8ncia" title="Experiència">experiència</a> i està limitat per aquesta. </p><p>Alguns dels seus precedents més importants foren <a href="/wiki/Arist%C3%B2til" title="Aristòtil">Aristòtil</a> i <a href="/wiki/Sant_Tom%C3%A0s_d%27Aquino" class="mw-redirect" title="Sant Tomàs d'Aquino">Sant Tomàs d'Aquino</a>, amb <a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a> i <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a> com a principals representants de l'empirisme modern. Va ser especialment desenvolupat a les <a href="/wiki/Illes_Brit%C3%A0niques" title="Illes Britàniques">Illes Britàniques</a>, on esdevingué la tradició dominant. Posteriorment va influir en el <a href="/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme">positivisme</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologia">Etimologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Empirisme&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Etimologia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El mot (empirisme) prové del <a href="/wiki/Grec_antic" title="Grec antic">grec</a> <i>empíria</i> o <i>empeireia</i>, que significa "experiència". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tesis">Tesis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Empirisme&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Tesis"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El <a href="/wiki/Coneixement" title="Coneixement">coneixement</a> es basa en l'<a href="/wiki/Experi%C3%A8ncia" title="Experiència">experiència</a>, que s'obté de la <a href="/wiki/Percepci%C3%B3" title="Percepció">percepció</a> o les dades que els <a href="/wiki/Sentit" class="mw-redirect" title="Sentit">sentits</a> poden extreure del <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3n" title="Món">món</a> exterior al <a href="/wiki/Cos_hum%C3%A0" title="Cos humà">cos humà</a> i que després la <a href="/wiki/Ment" title="Ment">ment</a> configura en forma d'<a href="/wiki/Idea" title="Idea">idees</a>. Tot allò que excedeixi als límits dels sentits no és cognoscible, incloent-hi les idees <a href="/wiki/Metaf%C3%ADsica" title="Metafísica">metafísiques</a> com la de <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9u" title="Déu">Déu</a>. La percepció actua com a font i garantia de <a href="/wiki/Veritat" title="Veritat">veritat</a>, ja que allò veritable serà allò que concordi amb la informació que aporten els sentits (l'anomenat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Criteri_de_correspond%C3%A8ncia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Criteri de correspondència (encara no existeix)">criteri de correspondència</a>). </p><p>En conseqüència, els empiristes rebutgen el concepte d'idees innates (<a href="/wiki/Innatisme" title="Innatisme">innatisme</a>), perquè les idees són sempre secundàries o derivades de l'experiència i la <a href="/wiki/Racionalitat" class="mw-redirect" title="Racionalitat">racionalitat</a> és solament el mecanisme per gestionar-les, ja que per ella mateixa no pot arribar al coneixement. Com que el món extern pot canviar a cada <a href="/wiki/Percepci%C3%B3" title="Percepció">percepció</a>, és necessari anar comprovant l'adequació de les afirmacions sobre la <a href="/wiki/Realitat" title="Realitat">realitat</a> amb les dades de l'experiència, fet que constitueix el fonament de la <a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncia" title="Ciència">ciència</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Les_ciències_empíriques"><span id="Les_ci.C3.A8ncies_emp.C3.ADriques"></span>Les ciències empíriques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Empirisme&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Les ciències empíriques"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El <i>coneixement empíric</i> és el coneixement basat en l'experiència i, en últim terme, en l'<a href="/wiki/Observaci%C3%B3" title="Observació">observació</a>, car ens diu què és el que existeix i quines són les seves característiques, però no ens diu si aquesta cosa és necessàriament així i no d'una altra forma; tampoc ens dona una veritat universal. </p><p>El coneixement empíric té un caràcter: </p> <ul><li><b>Particular:</b> Quan no es pot garantir que la cosa coneguda es compleixi sempre i en tots els casos, com succeeix amb el coneixement: <i>"A la tardor, els arbres perden les seves fulles"</i>.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Contingent:</b> L'objecte al qual li atribuïm una propietat o característica que es pot pensar que no la tingui: <i>fins i tot si fins ara els arbres sempre han perdut les seves fulles a la tardor, es pot pensar que en un temps futur no les perdin</i>.</li></ul> <p>L'empirisme considera que tot coneixement de la <a href="/wiki/Naturalesa" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalesa">Naturalesa</a> és <a href="/wiki/A_posteriori" class="mw-redirect" title="A posteriori">a posteriori</a>, no obstant això <a href="/wiki/Kant" class="mw-redirect" title="Kant">Kant</a> va creure que una part d'aquest coneixement era <a href="/wiki/A_priori_a_posteriori" title="A priori a posteriori">a priori</a> (universal i necessari), i això partint de la base que "tot coneixement comença amb l'experiència, però no per això tot ell procedeix de l'experiència". </p><p>Les <i>ciències empíriques</i> s'ocupen de la realitat, dels fets i esdeveniments que passen en el món, i de les seves relacions. Tenen contingut empíric, que sorgeix de l'observació i l'experiència. A més les seves afirmacions han de ser comprovades per recurs a l'experiència. N'hi ha de tipus: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncies_Naturals" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciències Naturals">Naturals</a>: s'ocupen de la realitat natural, com la <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">física</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química">química</a> o la <a href="/wiki/Biologia" title="Biologia">biologia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncies_Socials" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciències Socials">Socials o humanes</a>: s'ocupen de la realitat social i humana: <a href="/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia">sociologia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Economia" title="Economia">economia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtica" title="Política">política</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hist%C3%B2ria" title="Història">història</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Psicologia" title="Psicologia">psicologia</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Empirisme&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Berkeley" title="George Berkeley">George Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistemologia" title="Epistemologia">Epistemologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llei_emp%C3%ADrica" title="Llei empírica">Llei empírica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hist%C3%B2ria_del_m%C3%A8tode_cient%C3%ADfic" title="Història del mètode científic">Història del mètode científic</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaços_externs"><span id="Enlla.C3.A7os_externs"></span>Enllaços externs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Empirisme&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la 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