CINXE.COM
Front | British History Online
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org); Commerce 2" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/bho/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.british-history.ac.uk/content/front" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.british-history.ac.uk/node/1" /> <title>Front | British History Online</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_wJ01xGPxxcrs3maQ74ASU-xJ9ahIgRrCcVmEXMI00sw.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=bho&include=eJwtxVkOgCAMBcALNfRMBV5cUqzhicvtTYw_M3x4oGk2QvIcOnlkcynRobWP3TzZarecCy7qZ2pRh0OsEhuh_6mQL5d-HdY" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_X1vYPP48UBCjCi9mCzBCwioutoLHX_TF7Qm_2LciHbE.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=bho&include=eJwtxVkOgCAMBcALNfRMBV5cUqzhicvtTYw_M3x4oGk2QvIcOnlkcynRobWP3TzZarecCy7qZ2pRh0OsEhuh_6mQL5d-HdY" /> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/1","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":true,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"gtm":{"tagId":null,"settings":{"data_layer":"dataLayer","include_classes":false,"allowlist_classes":"","blocklist_classes":"","include_environment":false,"environment_id":"","environment_token":""},"tagIds":["GTM-NX9D963D"]},"gtag":{"tagId":"G-71VJ9WJMXK","consentMode":false,"otherIds":["G-359818338"],"events":[],"additionalConfigInfo":[]},"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJxdiDsOgDAMxS4UNUdCKY0CKG2GV363B8EEiy1bCrRBWV6nEaA8BZtHFieLMNehi7Hd-HeSRY7vrIQTXStngdI26w5-mGqU1fUCkjYrMQ","theme":"bho","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"form_action_p_pvdeGsVG5zNF_XLGPTvYSKCf43t8qZYSwcfZl2uzM":true},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"b5b6702987acf13decf3838b3defdadf8874f61f2b9aa612dd234d4206484c72"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_OBFEonY3ErECRSWenhnKhqt41C9ICEWT2j-ASboIIcQ.js?scope=header&delta=0&language=en&theme=bho&include=eJxLysjXT8_JT0rM0UnPz0_PSY0vSUzXTy_JReUmpqPz9RKzEisA51IXkw"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtm.js?snazin"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.js?snazin"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_JVpWAdm6iHoSYBZIKP6c2PkQkeDiUN-g-mZKzdw6F8I.js?scope=header&delta=3&language=en&theme=bho&include=eJxLysjXT8_JT0rM0UnPz0_PSY0vSUzXTy_JReUmpqPz9RKzEisA51IXkw"></script> </head> <body> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable"> Skip to main content </a> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NX9D963D" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div class="container-fluid p-0"> <header role="banner" class="header container-fluid p-3"> <div class="container-md d-flex flex-lg-column"> <div id="block-bho-branding" class="me-auto mt-3"> <a href="/" rel="home"> <img src="/themes/custom/bho/logo.png" alt="Home" fetchpriority="high" /> </a> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-bho-main-menu-menu" id="block-bho-main-menu" class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark" class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-bho-main-menu-menu">Main navigation</h2> <div class="container-fluid"> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#mainMenu" aria-controls="mainMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="mainMenu"> <ul class="nav-link navbar-nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/" class="nav-link is-active" data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>" aria-current="page">Home</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/search" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="search">Search</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/catalogue" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="catalogue">Browse Catalogue</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/using-bho/subject-guides" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/121838">Subject guides</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/using-bho" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/120817">Using BHO</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/about" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/120815">About</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/user/login" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="user/login">Log in</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/news" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/120824">News</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main role="main" class="container-md"> <div class="row"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="layout-content col-md-9"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div id="block-frontpagecarousel"> <div><div class="col-sm-12"><div class="row"><div class="col-sm-12"><img class="hidden-sm; hidden-xs" style="float:left;margin:20px 20px 20px -15px;" src="/sites/default/files/default_images/britishislescropped.jpg" alt="British Isles by Gerardus Mercator (1596)" width="336" height="265" title="British Isles by Gerardus Mercator (1596)"><h1 style="font-size:2.25em;margin-bottom:1.0em;">British History Online</h1><p style="font-size:1.2em;line-height:1.5;">British History Online is a collection of nearly 1300 volumes of primary and secondary content relating to British and Irish history, and histories of empire and the British world. BHO also provides access to 40,000 images and 10,000 tiles of historic maps of the British Isles.</p><p style="font-size:1.2em;line-height:1.5;">On February 29 2024, we upgraded our website to Drupal 10, and moved server. In the process, there have been a number of problems with subscriptions, logging in, and searching the content. Currently, we are unable to take payments for individual subscriptions. We are working to fix these problems, and appreciate your patience whilst this is accomplished.</p><p style="font-size:1.2em;line-height:1.5;">Additionally, we are making the old site temporarily available at <a href="https://archive.british-history.ac.uk/">archive.british-history.ac.uk</a>, so that the old search functionality may be used.</p></div></div></div></div> </div> <div id="block-bho-content"> <article> <div> <div><div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div> <h3 style="margin-top: 0px;"><a href="/catalogue">Full catalogue</a></h3> <a href="/catalogue"><img alt="Browse full catalogue" src="sites/default/files/default_images/browsecatalogue.jpg" style="height: 67px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; width: 200px;" title="Browse full catalogue"></a></div> <div> <h3 style="margin-top: 0px;"><a href="/catalogue/guides-and-calendars">Guides and calendars</a></h3> <a href="/catalogue/guides-and-calendars"><img alt="Guides and calendars" src="sites/default/files/term-images/guidesandcalendars.jpg" style="height: 67px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; width: 200px;" title="Browse guides and calendars"></a></div> <div> <h3 style="margin-top: 0px;"><a href="/catalogue/primary-sources">Primary sources</a></h3> <a href="/catalogue/primary-sources"><img alt="primary" src="sites/default/files/term-images/primary.jpg" style="height: 67px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; width: 200px;" title="Browse primary sources"></a></div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div> <h3 style="margin-top: 0px;"><a href="/catalogue/maps">Maps</a></h3> <a href="/catalogue/maps"><img alt="Maps and Images" src="sites/default/files/term-images/mapsandimages.jpg" style="height:67px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; width:200px" title="Browse maps and images"></a></div> <div> <h3 style="margin-top: 0px;"><a href="/catalogue/secondary-texts">Secondary texts</a></h3> <a href="/catalogue/secondary-texts"><img alt="Secondary texts" src="sites/default/files/term-images/secondary.jpg" style="height:67px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; width:200px" title="Browse secondary texts"></a></div> <div> <h3 style="margin-top: 0px;"><a href="/catalogue/datasets">Datasets</a></h3> <a href="/catalogue/datasets"><img alt="Datasets" src="sites/default/files/term-images/datasets.jpg" style="height:67px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; width:200px" title="Browse datasets"></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="bho-cms-bho-search border p-3 bg-light col-md-4 float-start" data-drupal-selector="bho-cms-bho-search" id="block-search"> <h2>Search</h2> <form action="/" method="post" id="bho-cms-bho-search" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="js-form-item mb-3 form-item js-form-type-textfield form-item-query js-form-item-query"> <label class="form-label js-form-required form-required" for="edit-query">Keywords</label> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-query" type="text" id="edit-query" name="query" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text required form-control" required="required" aria-required="true" /> </div> <p>Search for an exact phrase by enclosing it in quotation marks</p><p><a href="/using-bho#search">Search help</a></p> <input data-drupal-selector="form-vpfgtnu5h1fu5gi94u4j3-hsqqbnmarxno0cf5igo-k" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-vpFGtNU5h1fU5gI94u4j3-HSQqBnmaRxNo0cF5IGo_k" class="form-control" /> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-bho-cms-bho-search" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="bho_cms_bho_search" class="form-control" /> <div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Search" class="js-form-submit form-submit form-control btn btn-primary" /> </div> </form> </div> </div> <aside class="layout-sidebar-second col-md-3 p-3" role="complementary"> <div id="block-managedad"> <div class="text-align-center"> <div class="adsense" style="width:250px;height:250px;"> <script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3277027666812447" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <!-- 250x250 --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:250px;height:250px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3277027666812447" data-ad-slot="8975409048"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </main> <div role="contentinfo" class="container-fluid p-3 bg-light"> <div class="container-md"> <div class="row"> <div class="views-element-container col-md-3 border-0 p-3 col-sm-6" id="block-views-block-taxonomy-blocks-block-1"> <h2>Source Type</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-f009d04c1b60620b92198ab795e7199d5b92239b255f8dbb05fc90f27637333c"> <div> <ul class="list-group list-group-flush"> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Datasets">Datasets</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Guides%20and%20calendars">Guides and calendars</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Maps">Maps</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Primary%20sources">Primary sources</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Secondary%20texts">Secondary texts</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-element-container col-md-3 p-3 col-sm-6" id="block-views-block-taxonomy-blocks-block-2"> <h2>Place</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-3adb8b961007cdb546f943357694528cf19ef24746d3d85440998a302991b7a6"> <div> <ul class="list-group list-group-flush"> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//East">East</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//London">London</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Midlands">Midlands</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//North">North</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//South%20east">South east</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//South%20west">South west</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Wales">Wales</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-element-container col-md-3 p-3 col-sm-6" id="block-views-block-taxonomy-blocks-block-3"> <h2>Subject</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-c0498c5221cf45bbbe017cf41a48e29b4dcef9e87f0be5956bba3365352ac87a"> <div> <ul class="list-group list-group-flush"> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Administrative%20and%20legal">Administrative and legal</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Colonial">Colonial</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Economic">Economic</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Historical%20geography">Historical geography</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Intellectual%20and%20cultural">Intellectual and cultural</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Local">Local</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Parliamentary">Parliamentary</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Religious">Religious</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Urban">Urban</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-element-container col-md-3 p-3 col-sm-6" id="block-views-block-taxonomy-blocks-block-4"> <h2>Period</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-6f5184714e4b2998cc9c718e8c0b608760c9c4f6ba02b9f08a4fd8e37be8ad98"> <div> <ul class="list-group list-group-flush"> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Ancient">Ancient</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//Early%20medieval">Early medieval</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//11th%20century">11th century</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//12th%20century">12th century</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//13th%20century">13th century</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//14th%20century">14th century</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//15th%20century">15th century</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//16th%20century">16th century</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//17th%20century">17th century</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//18th%20century">18th century</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//19th%20century">19th century</a></li> <li class="list-group-item border-0"><a href="/catalogue//20th%20century">20th century</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer role="contentinfo" class="container-fluid p-3 border-top"> <div class="container-md"> <div class="row"> <div id="block-ihrlogo" class="col-12 col-md-3 text-align-center"> <div><p><img height="64" src="/themes/custom/bho/images/ihr-logo.png"></p> </div> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-bho-footer-menu" id="block-bho-footer" class="col-12 col-md-9" class="col-12 col-md-9"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-bho-footer-menu">Footer menu</h2> <ul class="nav justify-content-center"> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/using-bho" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/120817">Help</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/about" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/120815">About the project</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/terms" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/120837">Terms of use</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/privacy" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/120838">Privacy and Cookies</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/accessibility" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/125146">Accessibility</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div id="block-copyright" class="col-12 text-align-center"> Version 6.0. 漏 2024, <a href="https://www.london.ac.uk/">University of London</a>. </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_CsrOETjYZQZ7R0Dzou76o7eGzu493nyrvLIAUR8SHMU.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=bho&include=eJxLysjXT8_JT0rM0UnPz0_PSY0vSUzXTy_JReUmpqPz9RKzEisA51IXkw"></script> </body> </html>