CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" version="XHTML+RDFa 1.0" dir="ltr" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:sioc="http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#" xmlns:sioct="http://rdfs.org/sioc/types#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"ac968af7b1",applicationID:"542702618"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.279.1.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>b,xN:()=>v});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources";var a=r(993);const s=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var c=r(614),u=r(944),l=r(384),d=r(122);const f="[data-nr-mask]",g=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0,level:a.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:c.wk,inactiveMs:c.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){s(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(f):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=f:(0,u.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){s(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,u.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,u.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},p={},m="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(m);if(!p[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return p[e]}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);p[e]=(0,d.a)(t,g());const r=(0,l.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=p[e])}function b(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>d});var n=r(122),i=r(384),o=r(154),a=r(324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},l={};function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(l[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(l[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=l[e])}},324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.279.1",i="PROD",o="CDN"},154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>l,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>u});var n=r(836),i=r(606),o=r(860),a=r(646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};l(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function d(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(l(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(990),o=r(371),a=r(646),s=r(607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},l={},d=!1;try{d=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),l=c.length,d=0;d<l;d++)c[d].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:d?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:d};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return l[t]=l[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),l=(0,n.Zm)();l.ee||(l.ee=u)},646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(566).bz)()},566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(836),i=r(154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>l,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>d});var n=r(154),i=r(863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function l(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(836),i=r(607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];l(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return l(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,l,d;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],l="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],l],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],l,c);try{return d=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],l,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,d],l,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function l(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(836),i=r(687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>K});var n=r(860),i=r(555),o=r(371),a=r(908),s=r(836),c=r(687),u=r(289),l=r(154),d=r(944),f=r(969),g=r(384),p=r(344);const m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(863),b=r(614),y=r(993);var w=r(646),A=r(434);const R=new Map;function _(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,d.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[A.Jt]||t[r];return R.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>R.get(c))),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();m.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,d.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function N(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const m={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var R="api-",E=R+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(R,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function k(){}m.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,v.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},m.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),_(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},h.forEach((e=>{m[e]=j(R,e,!0,"api")})),m.addPageAction=j(R,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.recordCustomEvent=j(R,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(R,"setPageViewName",!0)()},m.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,d.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,d.R)(39,typeof e)},m.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,d.R)(41,typeof e)},m.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,d.R)(42,typeof e)},m.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,d.R)(23,e)}},m[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m.interaction=function(e){return(new k).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const T=k.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(E+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function I(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,d.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{T[e]=j(E,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),m.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(E,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(R,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),m.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},l.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>I()),!0):I(),m}var k=r(217),T=r(122);const j={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},I={};var S=r(284);const O=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function K(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d={},exposed:f=!0}=t;d.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,k.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");I[e]=(0,T.a)(t,j);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=I[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},l.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const m=(0,k.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),h=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];P||(m.proxy.assets&&(O(m.proxy.assets),h.push(m.proxy.assets)),m.proxy.beacon&&h.push(m.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",S.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===m.soft_navigations.enabled&&m.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),d.denyList=[...m.ajax.deny_list||[],...m.ajax.block_internal?h:[]],d.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,d),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=N(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),P=!0}},374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.279.1.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.279.1.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),l=0;l<u.length;l++){var d=u[l];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-5S7dL+PYzq7S/qzk8c3ndfdyh/AIIo5r6K4fuJoppGzgrMcqsj6E9EudYYW5cjjSJNvSoSXY//3uZEHM2PjJDQ=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.279.1.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.279.1.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(374);var e=i(944),t=i(344),r=i(566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var l=i(603);var d=i(687),f=i(234),g=i(289),p=i(154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(908),_=i(843),E=i(878),x=i(782),N=i(863);class k extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,_.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,E.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var T=i(969);class j extends y{static featureName=T.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,l.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,k,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://research.njit.edu/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="description" content=" " /> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://research.njit.edu/export-control-faqs" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://research.njit.edu/node/167" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta content="width=device-width,height=device-height,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no" name="viewport"> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Poppins:300,400,500,700" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="//use.fontawesome.com/191e5e3ba3.js"></script> <title>Export Control FAQs | Research</title> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://research.njit.edu/modules/system/system.base.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/modules/system/system.menus.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/modules/system/system.messages.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/modules/system/system.theme.css?sqy3zo"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://research.njit.edu/modules/field/theme/field.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/modules/node/node.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/modules/user/user.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/sites/all/modules/views/css/views.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/sites/all/modules/ckeditor/css/ckeditor.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/sites/all/modules/media/modules/media_wysiwyg/css/media_wysiwyg.base.css?sqy3zo"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://research.njit.edu/sites/all/modules/ctools/css/ctools.css?sqy3zo"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="all"> @import url("https://research.njit.edu/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/css/vendor.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/css/main.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/components/static/css/component.css?sqy3zo"); @import url("https://research.njit.edu/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/styles/styles.css?sqy3zo"); </style> <style type="text/css" media="print"> @import url("https://research.njit.edu/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/styles/print.css?sqy3zo"); </style>   <style> #skip-link{ display:none; } </style>  </head> <body class="corporate sticky-header html not-front not-logged-in one-sidebar sidebar-first page-node page-node- page-node-167 node-type-two-column-alt- research " > <div class="skip-link" id="skip-link"> <a href="#njit-main-content">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <script>var ownheader = false; </script> <div class="header-container main-header-container">   <div class="mobile-nav"> <div class="slide-wrapper"> <div class="logo"><a aria-label="NJIT" href="https://www.njit.edu" role="link"></a></div> <div class="nav-wrapper"> <nav class="navigation-mobile"> <ul class="menu"> <li class="expandable"> <a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Admissions</a> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <ul class="dropdown"> <li class="expandable"> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/undergraduate-admissions" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Undergraduate Admissions</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/how-we-evaluate-applicants">How We Evaluate Applicants</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/how-apply">How to Apply</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/admitted-students">Admitted Students</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expandable"> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/graduate-admissions" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Graduate Admissions</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/how-apply-graduate-admissions">How to Apply</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/admitted-graduate-students">Admitted Graduate Students</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/graduate-faqs">Graduate FAQs</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/international-students">International Students</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/how-apply-international-students">How to Apply</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/applying-visa">Applying for a Visa</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/tuition-aid">Tuition & Aid</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/tuition-costs">Tuition & Costs</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/financial-aid">Financial Aid</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/apply-online">Apply Now</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/admissions/contact-admissions">Contact Admissions</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expandable"> <a href="//www.njit.edu/academics" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Academics</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu//www.njit.edu/degrees">Degree Programs</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/undergraduate-studies">Undergraduate Studies</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu//www.njit.edu/degrees">Majors and Minors</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academic/academic-support-advising">Academic Support & Advising</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/graduate-studies">Graduate Studies</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu//www.njit.edu/academics/degrees#/">Graduate Degree Programs</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/online-graduate-studies">Online Graduate Studies</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/colleges-and-departments">Colleges and Departments</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/beyond-classroom">Beyond the Classroom</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/study-abroad">Study Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/academic-research">Research</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/internships-co-ops">Internships & Co-ops</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/community-service">Community Service</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/academics/student-leadership">Student Leadership</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="https://library.njit.edu">Van Houten Library</a></li> <li><a href="https://archlib.njit.edu">Architecture Library</a></li> <li><a href="https://continuing.njit.edu">Professional & Corporate Education</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/precollege/">Pre-College Programs</a></li> </ul> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> </li> <li class="expandable"> <a href="http://www.njit.edu/research/" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Research</a> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <ul class="dropdown"> <li class="expandable"> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/vpr/" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Office of the Senior Vice Provost for Research</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/vpr/2020-vision.php">NJIT Strategic Research Plan</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/vpr/data.php">Research Data and Publications</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/vpr/about/">About Us</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://centers.njit.edu/">Centers and Laboratories</a></li> <li class="expandable"> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/researchers/" class="alt-submenu-toggle">For Researchers</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/researchers/funding-opps.php">Funding Opportunities</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/researchers/active-programs.php">Active Programs and Grants</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/researchers/prep-guides/">Proposal Preparation Forms and Guide</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/researchers/policies-forms.php">Policies</a></li> <li><a href="https://research.njit.edu/pre-award-services">Pre-Award Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/researchers/grant-mgmt-guide.php">Grant Management Guide</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/researchers/grants-acctg.php">Grant and Contract Accounting</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/researchers/post-award.php">Post-Award and Closing Requirements</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/streamlyne/">Grant Management Software System</a></li> <li class="expandable"> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Research Compliance</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/conduct.php">Responsible Conduct of Research</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/review-board/">Institutional Review Board</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/biosafety-committee.php">Institutional Biosafety Committee</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/safety.php">Laboratory Safety, Training and Compliance</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/animal-care.php">Animal Care and Use (IACUC)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/export-control.php">Export Control</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/citi-software.php">CITI Software</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/uniform-administrative-requirements/">OMB Uniform Guidance</a></li> <li class="expandable"> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/patents/" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Intellectual Property and Commercialization</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/available-technologies/">Available Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/inventors/">For Inventors</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/industry/">For Industry</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/frequently-asked-questions/">IPP FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/intellectual-property-ip-committee-members/">Intellectual Property (IP) Committee Members</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/commercial-enterprise-development-and-licensing-administration/">Commercial Enterprise Development</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/contact-us/">Contact DIPP</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expandable"> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/educational-grant-support-resource/" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Educational Grant Support Resource</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/educational-programs-support-and-centers/">Educational Programs Support and Centers</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/academic-achievement-program-agreements/">Academic Achievement Program Agreements</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/funding-resources-and-opportunities/">Funding Resources and Opportunities</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/proposal-templates-and-program-information/">Proposal and IRB Templates</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expandable"> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/forstudents/" class="alt-submenu-toggle">For Students</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="https://centers.njit.edu/uri/">Undergraduate Research and Innovation Program</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/forindustry/">For Industry and Collaborators</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/scholars/">Courtesy Appointments</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/events/">Distinguished Research Panels/Seminars</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/news/">Research News</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/faqs/">Research FAQs</a></li> <li class="expandable"> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> <a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/contact/" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Contact Us</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/research-staff-assignments/">Research Staff Assignments</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/feedbackcomments/">Feedback/Comments</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/research/researchtechnology-inquiry/">Research/Technology Inquiries</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="expandable"> <a href="//www.njit.edu/about" class="alt-submenu-toggle">About</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/key-facts">Key Facts</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/rankings-and-recognition">Rankings and Recognition</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/administration">Administration</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/senior-administration">Senior Administration</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/administrative-departments">Administrative Departments</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/history-njit">History of NJIT</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/our-mission-values">Our Mission and Values</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/alma-maters">Alma Maters</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/visiting-njit">Visiting NJIT</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/maps-directions">Maps and Directions</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/transportation-campus">Public Transportation to Campus</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/local-accommodations">Local Accommodations</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/about-newark-new-york-city">About Newark and New York City</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="https://news.njit.edu">News</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/about/contacts">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> </li> <li class="expandable"> <a href="//www.njit.edu/life" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Life at NJIT</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/activities-organizations">Activities & Organizations</a></li> <li role="listitem"><a href="//www.njit.edu/hllc">Hispanic and Latinx Leadership Council</a></li> <li role="listitem"><a href="//www.njit.edu/inclusive">Inclusive Excellence</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/cds/">Career Center</a></li> <li><a href="https://campuscenter.njit.edu/offices/index.php">Campus Center</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/housing-dining">Housing & Dining</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/campus-housing">On-Campus Housing</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/on-campus-dining">On-Campus Dining</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/campus-housing-0">Off-Campus Housing</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/off-campus-dining">Off-Campus Dining</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/health-safety">Health & Safety</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/healthservices/">Student Health Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/counseling/">Counseling and Psychological Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.njit.edu/publicsafety/">Public Safety</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/recreation-fitness">Recreation & Fitness</a></li> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/gyms-facilities">Gyms & Facilities</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/intramural-sports">Intramural Sports</a></li> </ul> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/transportation-parking">Transportation & Parking</a></li> <li><a href="//www.njit.edu/life/around-campus">On & Around Campus</a></li> </ul> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span></li> <li class="expandable"> <a href="//www.njit.edu/athletics" class="alt-submenu-toggle" id="ath">Athletics</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="http://www.njithighlanders.com/">NJIT Highlanders</a></li> </ul> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="student-navigation-mobile">  <ul class="menu">  <li class="expandable"> <a href="#" class="alt-submenu-toggle">Apply now</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/admissions/apply-online">Undergraduate Students</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/admissions/apply-online">Transfer Students</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/admissions/how-apply-graduate-admissions">Graduate Students</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/continuing">Continuing Education</a></li> </ul> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="user-navigation-mobile" >  <ul class="menu"> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/alumni">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/giving">Giving</a></li> <li><a href="http://my.njit.edu">MyNJIT Login</a></li> <li class="expandable"> <a href="#">Tools</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/calendar">Calendars</a></li> <li><a href="http://directory.njit.edu/">Campus Directory</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/atoz/">A-Z Site Index</a></li> <li><a href="http://webmail.njit.edu">Webmail</a></li> <li><a href="http://moodle.njit.edu">Moodle</a></li> <li><a href="http://jobs.njit.edu">Jobs @ NJIT</a></li> </ul> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="menu-toggle"></div> </div> <header class="main-header" role="banner"> <div class="top-header"> <span class="menu-toggle">Menu</span> <div class="logo"><a href="https://www.njit.edu" role="link" aria-label="NJIT"><img src="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/logo.svg" alt="NJIT logo"></a></div> <span class="search-toggle">Search</span> <nav class="user-navigation" role="navigation">  <ul class="menu"> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/alumni">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/giving">Giving</a></li> <li><a href="http://my.njit.edu">MyNJIT Login</a></li> <li class="expandable"> <a href="#">Tools</a> <ul class="dropdown"> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/calendar">Calendars</a></li> <li><a href="http://directory.njit.edu/">Campus Directory</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.njit.edu/atoz/">A-Z Site Index</a></li> <li><a href="http://webmail.njit.edu">Webmail</a></li> <li><a href="http://moodle.njit.edu">Moodle</a></li> <li><a href="http://jobs.njit.edu">Jobs @ NJIT</a></li> </ul> <span class="submenu-toggle"></span> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="search-field" >  <form class="search-form"> <div class="form-item"> <input placeholder="Search NJIT" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-keyword" title="Search NJIT" value="" size="60" maxlength="255"> <button type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit">Search</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="mega-nav-container"> <div class="mega-nav"> <nav class="navigation" role="navigation">  <ul> <li> <a id="main-nav-admissions" class="ajax-menu-item" title="Admissions" href="http://www.njit.edu/admissions" data-href="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/menu/submenu/admissions-0533f3c014.html">Admissions</a> </li> <li> <a id="main-nav-academics" class="ajax-menu-item" title="Academics" href="http://www.njit.edu/academics" data-href="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/menu/submenu/academics-ccdca97207.html">Academics</a> </li> <li> <a id="main-nav-research" class="ajax-menu-item" title="Research" href="http://www.njit.edu/njitresearch" data-href="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/menu/submenu/research-fdbc764fd9.html">Research</a> </li> <li> <a id="main-nav-about" class="ajax-menu-item" title="About" href="http://www.njit.edu/about" data-href="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/menu/submenu/about-2a28d86457.html">About</a> </li> <li> <a id="main-nav-life" class="ajax-menu-item" title="Life at NJIT" href="http://www.njit.edu/life" data-href="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/menu/submenu/lifeatnjit-102aa869b2.html">Life at NJIT</a> </li> <li> <a id="main-nav-athletics" class="ajax-menu-item" title="Athletics" href="http://www.njit.edu/athletics" data-href="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/menu/submenu/athletics-a0b43bfd96.html">Athletics</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="student-navigation" >  <ul> <li> <a href="javascript: void(0);" id="main-nav-i-am-a" data-href="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/menu/submenu/student-nav-iama-4a21fc1a4b.html" class="ajax-menu-item" title="I am a...">I am a...</a> </li> <li> <a href="javascript: void(0);" id="main-nav-apply-now" data-href="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/menu/submenu/student-nav-apply-159cc11163.html" class="ajax-menu-item" title="Apply now">Apply now</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </header> </div> <div class="main-container" id="njit-main-content" role="main"> <div class="region region-page-top"> <noscript aria-hidden="true"><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NV7NVM" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> </div> <div id="page-wrapper" class="page-apply"> <div class="inside-alert"> <div class="region region-temp-alert"> <div id="block-block-26" class="block block-block"> <div class="content"> <style> .alert-level-page .content:before { content: "\f071"; padding-right: 0px; } </style> <div class="alert-level-page" id="ad-alert"> <div class="content"> <h3>NJIT Implementation of Recent Executive Orders</h3> <p> <a id="ad-alert-link" href="https://research.njit.edu/updates-federally-funded-research-grants-and-contracts">Institutional Response on the Implementation of Recent Federal Executive Orders with Updates on Federally Funded Research Grants and Contracts</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="page"> <div id="breadcrumb" class="container-main breadcrumb-container clearfix"> <ul class="breadcrumbs" role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumb"><li> <a href="/">Home</a></li><li> <a href="/faqs" title="Research FAQs" class="active-trail">Research FAQs</a></li><li> <a href="https://research.njit.edu/export-control-faqs">Export Control FAQs</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="container-full-width clearfix"> <div class="container-main"> <div class="hero-text-only"> <div class="content"> <h1 class="title"> Export Control FAQs </h1> <div class="text-block-content"> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container-main content-container clearfix"> <div class="layout-sidebars layout-sidebar-first"> <div class="njit-flex-row"> <div class="njit-flex-col sidebar-first"> <a class="lhn-back-to-parent"href="/faqs">Research FAQs</a> <nav class="local-navigation" id="block-system-main-menu" data-collapsible> <a href="/" data-collapsible-toggle>In This Section</a> <div data-collapsible-content> <ul class="menu active-with-children"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/vpr" title="Office of the Senior Vice Provost for Research">Office of the Senior Vice Provost for Research</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/researchers" title="For Researchers">For Researchers</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forstudents" title="For Students">For Students</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://centers.njit.edu/uri/" title="Undergraduate Research and Innovation (URI) Program">Undergraduate Research and Innovation Program</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/forindustry" title="For Industry and Collaborators">For Industry and Collaborators</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/patents" title="Intellectual Property and Technology Licensing Office (IPTLO)">Intellectual Property and Commercialization</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="http://centers.njit.edu/" title="NJIT Research Centers and Laboratories">NJIT Research Centers and Laboratories</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://research.njit.edu/office-research-faculty-awards-initiative" title="">Faculty Awards Initiative</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://research.njit.edu/nai/" title="">National Academy of Inventors - NJIT</a></li> <li class="expanded active-trail active"><a href="/faqs" title="Research FAQs" class="active-trail">Research FAQs</a><ul class="menu menu--submenu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/proposal-preparation-and-submission-faqs" title="Proposal Preparation and Submission FAQs">Proposal Preparation and Submission FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/subcontractorconsulting-agreements-faqs" title="Subcontractor/Consulting Agreement FAQs">Subcontractor/Consulting Agreement FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/grant-and-contract-accounting-faqs" title="Post-Award Management">Post-Award Management FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/responsible-conduct-research-faqs" title="Responsible Conduct of Research FAQs">Responsible Conduct of Research FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/institutional-review-board-irb-faqs" title="Institutional Review Board (IRB) FAQs">Institutional Review Board (IRB) FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/institutional-biosafety-committee-ibc-faqs" title="Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) FAQs">Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/institutional-animal-care-and-use-committee-iacuc-faqs" title="Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) FAQs">Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf active-trail active"><a href="/export-control-faqs" title="Export Control FAQs" class="active-trail active">Export Control FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/conflict-interestfinancial-conflict-interest-coifcoi-faqs" title="Conflict of Interest FAQs">Conflict of Interest FAQs</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/streamlyne-grant-management-software-faqs" title="Streamlyne Software FAQs">Streamlyne FAQs</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="http://www.njit.edu/research/news" title="Research News">Research News</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/contact" title="Contact Us">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="njit-flex-col sidebar-content with-sidebar-second"> <div id="header"></div> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="tabs"> </div> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system"> <div class="content"> <div id="node-167" class="node node-two-column-alt- node-promoted node-full clearfix" about="/export-control-faqs" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <span property="dc:title" content="Export Control FAQs" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> <div class="content clearfix"> <div> <div class="container-main bootstrapped"> <div aria-multiselectable="true" class="panel-group" id="accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tablist"> <div class="row"> <div class="expand-all-btn pull-right btn expand-all"><span class="text-expanded">Close All</span><span class="text-closed">Expand All</span></div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading0" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse0_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is Export Control?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading0" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse0_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>The U.S. government regulates the transfer of information, commodities, technology, and software considered to be strategically important to the U.S. in the interest of national security, economic and/or foreign policy concerns. There is a complicated network of federal agencies and inter-related regulations that govern exports collectively referred to as "Export Controls."</p> <p>In brief, Export Controls regulate the shipment or transfer, by whatever means, of controlled items, software, technology, or services out of U.S. (termed an "Export"). Perhaps of even more consequence to the university, is that the government also restricts the release of certain information to foreign nationals here in the U.S. (referred to as a "Deemed Export").</p> <p>Export Controls have the potential to severely limit the research opportunities of university faculty and their students and staff, as well as to prevent international collaboration in certain research areas. Non-compliance with export controls can result in severe monetary and criminal penalties against both an individual as well as the university, and can result in the loss of research contracts, governmental funding, and the ability to export items.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading1" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse1_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">Where can I find the NJIT policy on Export Control?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading1" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse1_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>The policy is located on the Office of Research website at: <a href="http://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/export-control.php">http://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/export-control.php</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading2" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse2_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What kinds of activities might trigger export control issues?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading2" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse2_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Research in export restricted science and engineering areas – examples include:</p> <ul> <li>Military or Defense Articles and Services</li> <li>High Performance Computing</li> <li>Dual Use Technologies (technologies with both a military and commercial application)</li> <li>Encryption Technology</li> <li>Missiles & Missile Technology</li> <li>Chemical/Biological Weapons</li> <li>Nuclear Technology</li> <li>Nuclear Technology</li> <li>Space Technology & Satellites</li> <li>Medical Lasers</li> </ul> <p><strong>Traveling overseas with high tech equipment, confidential, unpublished, or proprietary information or data</strong> – Traveling with certain types of high tech equipment including but not limited to advanced GPS units, scientific equipment, or with controlled, proprietary or unpublished data in any format may require an export license depending on your travel destination.</p> <p><strong>Traveling with laptop computers, web-enabled cell phones and other personal equipment</strong> – Laptop computers, web-enabled cell phones, and other electronics containing encryption hardware or software and/or proprietary software can require an export license to certain destinations. In general, an export license will be required to take any items to or through any U.S. sanctioned country (e.g., Iran, Syria, Cuba, Sudan, and North Korea).</p> <p><strong>Use of 3rd Party Export Controlled Technology or Information</strong> – University activities involving the use of export controlled information, items, or technology received from outside the university are not protected under the Fundamental Research Exclusion and all research involving the use of export restricted technology is subject to all export controls.</p> <p><strong>Sponsored research containing contractual restrictions on publication or dissemination</strong> – The vast majority of research done at the university is shielded from export controls under the Fundamental Research Exclusion. However, this protection is lost whenever the university or the researcher agrees to allow any restrictions on the publication, dissemination, or access to the research by foreign nationals.</p> <p><strong>Shipping or Taking Items Overseas</strong> – University activities that involve the transfer of project information, equipment, materials, or technology out of the U.S. by whatever means will be subject to export controls and may require export license(s) depending on the item, destination, recipient, and end-use.</p> <p><strong>Providing Financial Support/International Financial Transactions</strong> – University activities that involve the international payment of funds to non-U.S. persons abroad need to be verified to ensure that the university is not inadvertently providing financial assistance to a blocked or sanctioned entity. Examples include providing support via a subcontract to a non-U.S. university or providing payments to research subjects in other countries.</p> <p><strong>International Collaborations & Presentations</strong> – University activities that involve foreign national faculty, students, staff, visiting foreign scientists or collaborator(s), or other foreign entities (e.g., non-U.S. company, university or other organization) or research that will include travel to international conferences to present unpublished results may be subject to export controls especially if any of the foreign nationals are from embargoed or sanctioned countries.</p> <p><strong>International Field Work</strong> – Research projects where any part of the research will take place outside the U.S. (e.g., field work outside the U.S.) may not qualify under the Fundamental Research Exclusion and may be subject to export controls.</p> <p><strong>International Consulting</strong> – Providing professional consulting services overseas, especially to embargoed or sanctioned countries (e.g., Iran, Syria, Cuba, Sudan and North Korea) is, in most cases, strictly prohibited.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading3" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse3_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What can happen if I fail to comply with the export control laws?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading3" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse3_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Penalties for violating U.S. export control laws (EAR, ITAR) or trade sanctions (OFAC) can be severe. The penalty for unlawful exports of items or information controlled under the ITAR is up to two years imprisonment, or a fine of $100,000, or both. The penalty for unlawful export of items or information controlled under the EAR is a fine of up to $1,000,000 or five times the value of the exports, whichever is greater; or, for an individual, imprisonment of up to ten years or a fine of up to $250,000 or both.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading4" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse4_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">There is no external funding supporting my activities. Do export controls apply?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading4" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse4_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Yes, export controls apply to all international activities regardless of funding status or source.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading5" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse5_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">I am doing basic research at NJIT in collaboration with a foreign lab. Do export controls apply?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading5" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse5_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Yes, export controls apply to all international research activities. In general, basic research conducted at the university is not subject to export controls under the Fundamental Research Exclusion as long as it is not in an export restricted area and there are no restrictions on publication or access by foreign nationals. However, in cases where NJIT research involves collaborations with foreign nationals, the university must perform a review of the research and document that the Fundamental Research Exclusion or other exclusion does or does not apply.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading6" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse6_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is an Export?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading6" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse6_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>An export occurs whenever any item (i.e., any commodity, software, technology, or equipment) or information is sent from the U.S. to a foreign destination or provided to a foreign national here or abroad. The manner in which the transfer or release of the item or information occurs does not matter. Some examples of export activities include: the shipment of items, written or oral communications, hand-carrying items when traveling, providing access to or visual inspection of equipment or facilities, and providing professional services.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading7" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse7_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is a Deemed Export?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading7" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse7_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>A deemed export refers to the release or transmission of information or technology to any foreign national in the U.S., including students, post-docs, faculty, visiting scientists, or training fellows. A deemed export is treated as an export to that person’s home country. Deemed exports are a primary area of export control exposure for the university.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading8" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse8_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is a Foreign National?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading8" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse8_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>A foreign national is defined as any natural person who is not a U.S. citizen, or is not a lawful permanent resident of the U.S. (i.e., does not have a green card), or who does not have refugee or asylum status.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading9" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse9_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is a Foreign Entity?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading9" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse9_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>A foreign entity is any corporation, business, or other entity that is not incorporated to do business in the U.S. This includes international organizations, foreign governments, or any agency of a foreign government.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading10" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse10_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is a Dual Use Item?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading10" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse10_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>A dual use item is any item that can potentially have a military application as well as a commercial or civilian purpose (e.g., GPS units).</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading11" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse11_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is the ITAR?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading11" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse11_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><strong>ITAR</strong> stands for the <strong>International Traffic in Arms Regulations</strong> (22 CFR §§120-130) and they are administered by the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls under the U.S. Department of State. The ITAR governs all military, weapons, and space related items and services as enumerated on the U.S. Munitions List (USML).</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading12" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse12_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is the EAR?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading12" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse12_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><strong>EAR</strong> stands for the <strong>Export Administration Regulations</strong> (15 CFR §§730-774) and they are administered by the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) under the U.S. Department of Commerce. The EAR governs the export of most items in the U.S., especially dual use items as enumerated on the Commerce Control List (CCL).</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading13" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse13_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">How do I know if my item is subject to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR)?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading13" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse13_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>The EAR controls all items (commodities, software, or technology) that are 1) of U.S. origin; or 2) are made with U.S. materials, technology, or know-how; or 3) are located in the U.S. AND that are <strong>NOT</strong> under the exclusive jurisdiction of another regulatory body (e.g., ITAR or Nuclear Regulatory Commission) or that are <strong>NOT</strong> shielded from export controls under the <a href="http://orc.osu.edu/regulations-policies/exportcontrol/faqs/#13">Fundamental Research</a>, <a href="http://orc.osu.edu/regulations-policies/exportcontrol/faqs/#16">Educational Information</a>, or Public Information exclusions.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading14" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse14_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is OFAC?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading14" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse14_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p><strong>OFAC</strong> stands for the <strong>Office of Foreign Assets Control</strong> (<a href="http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title31/31cfr500_main_02.tpl">31 CFR §§500-599) and is an office under the U.S. Department of the Treasury. OFAC is responsible for enforcing the foreign policy of the U.S. government, including all trade sanctions, embargoes, and financial interactions with prohibited or blocked individuals or entities. For more information, see a listing of </a><a href="https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/programs/pages/programs.aspx">OFAC Country Sanction programs</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading15" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse15_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is the Fundamental Research Exclusion (FRE)?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading15" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse15_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Fundamental Research is defined by the National Security Decision Directive 189 (NSDD189) as “any basic or applied research in science and engineering, the results of which are ordinarily published and shared broadly within the scientific community…” In order to qualify as Fundamental Research, the research must be conducted free of any publication restrictions and without any access or dissemination restrictions.</p> <p>Research that qualifies as Fundamental Research is <strong>NOT</strong> subject to export controls as provided for under the federal regulations (15 CFR§734.8). It is critical to note that the Fundamental Research Exclusion will be lost if a researcher agrees to any “side-deals” allowing sponsors the ability to review and approve publications or to control access to the project or project results.</p> <p>Loss of the Fundamental Research Exclusion can quickly put your research in jeopardy of non-compliance with export controls.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading16" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse16_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">I am doing basic research that includes field work done overseas. Does my research qualify under the Fundamental Research Exclusion?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading16" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse16_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Maybe. To qualify as Fundamental Research, research must be based at an accredited institution of higher education located in the United States.</p> <p>If your research includes work done outside the U.S., it may not qualify for the Fundamental Research Exclusion. This does not automatically mean that export licenses will be required, but it does mean that an export control determination needs to be done before the work begins.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading17" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse17_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">My research is exempt from export controls under the Fundamental Research Exclusion. Can I ship items developed as part of that research overseas?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading17" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse17_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Not automatically. While research results developed or generated under the Fundamental Research Exclusion are exempt from export controls and can be freely shared with foreign nationals both here and abroad, any materials, items, technology, or software generated as a result of the research <strong>ARE NOT</strong> exempt from export controls.</p> <p>Before shipping or taking any item abroad, an export control determination needs to be done to determine if an export license is required to take or transfer the item.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading18" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse18_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is the Educational Information Exclusion?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading18" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse18_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Information that is normally taught or released by the university as part of the normal instruction in a catalog course or in an associated teaching laboratory is considered Educational Information and, as provided for under the federal regulations (15 CFR§734.9), is <strong>NOT</strong> subject to export controls.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading19" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse19_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is the Public Information Exclusion?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading19" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse19_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Information that is already published or is out in the public domain is considered public information and, as provided for under the federal regulations (15 CFR§734.7 and 15 CFR§734.10), is <strong>NOT</strong> subject to export controls. Examples of information in the public domain include:</p> <ul> <li>Books, newspapers, pamphlets</li> <li>Publically available technology and software</li> <li>Information presented at conferences, meetings, and seminars open to the public</li> <li>Information included in published patents</li> <li>Websites freely accessible by the public</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading20" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse20_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What kinds of activities can trigger the need for an export license?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading20" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse20_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>The following are examples of the types of university activities that may trigger the need for an export license or deemed export license:</p> <ul> <li>Research in controlled or restricted areas (e.g., defense items or services, missiles, nuclear technology, satellites, chemical/biological weapons, encryption)</li> <li> </li> <li>Research involving the use of export restricted information obtained from external sources</li> <li> </li> <li>Research involving collaborations with foreign nationals here at NJIT or overseas</li> <li> </li> <li>Research involving travel or field work done overseas</li> <li> </li> <li>Research involving the transfer or shipment of tangible items or equipment overseas</li> <li> </li> <li>Presentations at meetings or conferences of unpublished information not protected under the Fundamental Research or Educational Information exclusions</li> <li> </li> <li>Research involving the provision of financial support or services outside the U.S.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading21" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse21_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">How do I know if I need a license?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading21" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse21_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Determining when you need an export license can be very complicated. Consult the SRA Office.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading22" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse22_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What is an Export License Exception?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading22" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse22_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>An Export License Exception is a special authorization that allows you to export or re-export, under very specific conditions, items that would otherwise require an export license. Export License Exceptions are detailed in <a href="http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&SID=7efb91f4d2eb85d050a775986a5b671c&r=PART&n=15y2.1.3.4.25">EAR§740</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading23" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse23_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">Are commercially-available items free from export control licensing requirements?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading23" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse23_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Yes, in most cases, low-end items that are commercially available do not require export licenses. There are some important exceptions including items containing strong encryption technology or software (e.g., laptop computers, web-enabled cell phones), items that have dual use applications (e.g., high end GPS units), or that are restricted under other regulations or sanctions</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading24" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse24_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">What happens when I obtain or use export controlled information from an outside entity?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading24" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse24_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Research conducted at NJIT that includes or uses export controlled or restricted information or items obtained from an outside entity does not qualify under the Fundamental Research Exclusion and would be subject to all export controls.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading25" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse25_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">I am working as a consultant overseas. Do export controls apply to me?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading25" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse25_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Yes, export controls apply to all U.S. persons, at all times. It is important that you understand and comply with your obligations under export control regulations. If you are consulting in a restricted technology area (e.g., on dual-use technologies or select agent work), then you may need an export license depending on where you are going, what information you are providing, who you are providing it to, and what they intend to do with it.</p> <p>If the destination or end-user is a foreign national of a sanctioned country (especially Iran, Syria, Cuba, Sudan, or North Korea), then in most cases any consulting activities would be prohibited regardless of the subject matter. For more information, see a listing of <a href="https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/programs/pages/programs.aspx">OFAC Country Sanction programs</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading26" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse26_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">I am on an editorial board of a scientific journal and I have been asked to review a paper from an Iranian author. Is this allowed under the OFAC sanctions?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading26" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse26_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Yes, under the current federal regulations, Federal Register vol. 72, 50047-50052 (see section 560.538), all activities normally incident to publishing are allowed with Iranian citizens as long as the Iranian author is not a governmental official or working on behalf of the government of Iran.</p> <p>Academic and research institutions in Iran and their personnel are not considered governmental employees or representatives for the purposes of the regulations. This would be true for citizens from the other sanctioned countries as well.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading" id="heading27" role="tab"> <h4 class="panel-title"><a aria-controls="collapseOne" aria-expanded="false" data-parent="#accordion_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse27_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="button" class="collapsed">Where can I get additional training on Export Control?</a></h4> </div> <div aria-labelledby="heading27" class="panel-collapse collapse " id="collapse27_4d71b214814534d9d1ed98a08a333ec3" role="tabpanel"> <div class="panel-body"> <p>NJIT provides access to the Citi training programs. For more information, go to: <a href="http://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/citi-software.php">http://www.njit.edu/research/compliance/citi-software.php</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style> .expand-all-btn.expanded .text-expanded { display:inline-block; } .expand-all-btn.expanded .text-closed { display:none; } .expand-all-btn .text-expanded { display:none; } .expand-all-btn .text-closed { display:inline-block; } .bootstrapped .panel-group .panel-title { padding:0; } .bootstrapped .panel-group .panel-title a { display:block; padding:10px; color:#fff; text-decoration: none; background-color:#333; transition: all 0.5s ease; } .bootstrapped .panel-group .panel-title a.collapsed { background-color:#f5f5f5; color:#333; } .bootstrapped .panel-group .panel { border-radius:0px; } .bootstrapped .panel-heading { padding:0; } </style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-block-21" class="block block-block"> <div class="content"> <style>a.teaser-link:hover, .teaser-link:hover { background-color: #efefef; color: #333 !Important; } .teaser-link a, .teaser-link:hover a{ color:#900; } .view-bioscience-and-bioengineering-institutes .views-row { padding:10px; border-bottom:solid 1px #efefef; } </style> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="footer-container main-footer-container" w3-include-html="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/footer-6cb7356e54.html"></footer> <div w3-include-html="/sites/all/themes/njit_v1_2/global-includes/bricks/search-352c8cb09c.html"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://research.njit.edu/sites/research/files/js/js_gEbwb9Y5cZJNuFhqDUE9x58SI1ycJrNq7RWab_gat9g.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://research.njit.edu/sites/research/files/js/js_4WkLGZTP5OIov__I_0P6NGPWl2bSTfTiZ5H47BqcLsg.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://research.njit.edu/sites/research/files/js/js_6aGlHizHNKDF4PiLvzJUWlouabYkNGpEs-5pOaUUNXY.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> </div> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"ac968af7b1","applicationID":"542702618","transactionName":"MQRXMEoFV0NUBhFRWwhOdAdMDVZeGgsKXFE5EVQDXTtPWVAS","queueTime":10,"applicationTime":393,"atts":"HUNARgIfRBwXBEcCTxsc","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>