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page-Resource_Description_Framework rootpage-Resource_Description_Framework skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Vés al contingut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Menú principal" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menú principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Resource+Description+Framework" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Resource+Description+Framework" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Resource+Description+Framework" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Resource+Description+Framework" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Visió_general" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visió_general"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Visió general</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visió_general-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Història" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Història"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Història</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Història-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Identificació_de_recursos_i_predicats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Identificació_de_recursos_i_predicats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Identificació de recursos i predicats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Identificació_de_recursos_i_predicats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vocabularis_RDF" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vocabularis_RDF"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vocabularis RDF</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vocabularis_RDF-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serialització_de_dades_RDF" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serialització_de_dades_RDF"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Serialització de dades RDF</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serialització_de_dades_RDF-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Enllaços externs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Taula de continguts" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Resource Description Framework</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 35 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="إطار توصيف الموارد - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إطار توصيف الموارد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DA%95_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8E%D9%81" title="ئاڕ دی ئێف - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاڕ دی ئێف" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF" title="RDF - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="RDF" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B5%DB%8C%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="چارچوب توصیف منبع - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چارچوب توصیف منبع" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF" title="RDF - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="RDF" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF" title="RDF - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="RDF" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9B%90_%EA%B8%B0%EC%88%A0_%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EC%9E%84%EC%9B%8C%ED%81%AC" title="자원 기술 프레임워크 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자원 기술 프레임워크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resursu_aprakst%C4%AB%C5%A1anas_ietvars" title="Resursu aprakstīšanas ietvars - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Resursu aprakstīšanas ietvars" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - sicilià" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_description_framework" title="Resource description framework - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Resource description framework" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B3_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="வள விபரிப்புச் சட்டகம் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வள விபரிப்புச் சட்டகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaynak_Tan%C4%B1mlama_%C3%87er%C3%A7evesi" title="Kaynak Tanımlama Çerçevesi - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kaynak Tanımlama Çerçevesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Resource Description Framework" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF" title="RDF - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="RDF" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6" title="資源描述框架 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="資源描述框架" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF" title="RDF - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="RDF" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q54872#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussi%C3%B3:Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d'aquesta pàgina (encara no existeix) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=history" title="Versions antigues d'aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li 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id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><p>El <b>Resource Description Framework</b> (<b>RDF</b>) és un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Model_conceptual_*inform%C3%A0tica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Model conceptual *informàtica) (encara no existeix)">model conceptual</a> de dades<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A0ndard_t%C3%A8cnic" title="Estàndard tècnic">estandarditzat</a> pel <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium" title="World Wide Web Consortium">World Wide Web Consortium</a> (W3C), usat per definir dades en el <a href="/wiki/Web_sem%C3%A0ntic" title="Web semàntic">web semàntic</a> i, en general, en les <a href="/wiki/Programari" title="Programari">aplicacions</a> que requereixen un estàndard per intercanviar dades i representar el coneixement.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>RDF fou adoptat pel W3C el 1999, La versió RDF 1.0 fou publicada el 2004, i la versió RDF 1.1 el 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visió_general"><span id="Visi.C3.B3_general"></span>Visió general</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Visió general"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>RDF és similar a altres models conceptuals com ara l'ER (<a href="/wiki/Diagrama_Entitat-Relaci%C3%B3" title="Diagrama Entitat-Relació">entitat-relació</a>) o els <a href="/wiki/Diagrama_de_classes" title="Diagrama de classes">diagrames de classe</a> UML. L'estructura bàsica de RDF és la <a href="/wiki/Declaraci%C3%B3_(l%C3%B2gica)" title="Declaració (lògica)">declaració</a>, que consisteix en l'afirmació que un subjecte té una relació amb un objecte. El subjecte i l'objecte s'anomenen genèricament recursos, i poden ser qualsevol cosa, com ara objectes físics, documents, <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_web" title="Pàgina web">pàgines web</a>, conceptes abstractes, dates, números o <a href="/wiki/Cadena_(inform%C3%A0tica)" title="Cadena (informàtica)">cadenes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Una declaració té l'estructura següent: </p><p><code><subjecte> <predicat> <objecte></code> </p><p>El subjecte i l'objecte són els dos recursos que es relacionen, i el predicat representa la relació entre els dos recursos. En RDF la relació s'anomena predicat. El nom del predicat s'escriu de manera que si la declaració es llegeix d'esquerra a dreta el resultat sigui una <a href="/wiki/Declaraci%C3%B3_(l%C3%B2gica)" title="Declaració (lògica)">oració declarativa</a>. Com que les declaracions consten de tres elements s'anomenen ternes. Exemples: </p><p><code><Gaudí> <és una> <persona>.</code> </p><p><code><Gaudí> <té el nom> <Antoni Gaudí i Cornet></code> </p> <p><code><Gaudí> <va dissenyar> <Casa Batlló></code></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:RDF.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/RDF.png/220px-RDF.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/RDF.png/330px-RDF.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/RDF.png/440px-RDF.png 2x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>Exemple de graf RDF</figcaption></figure><p><code><Gaudí> <neix el> <25 de juny de 1852> </code> </p><p><code><Gaudí> <mor a> <Barcelona></code> </p><p>La primera terna indica que el recurs referenciat per Gaudí és una persona; la segona, que el nom d'aquest recurs és Antoni Gaudí i Cornet; i així successivament. </p><p>Les declaracions de RDF es poden representar d'una manera similar a com indiquen els exemples anteriors, però també d'altres maneres, anomenades formats de <a href="/wiki/Serialitzaci%C3%B3" title="Serialització">serialització</a> de RDF, que també estan estandarditzats pel W3C.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Un conjunt de ternes constitueixen un <a href="/wiki/Graf_(matem%C3%A0tiques)" title="Graf (matemàtiques)">graf</a> RDF. Aquest graf és <a href="/wiki/Glossari_de_teoria_de_grafs" title="Glossari de teoria de grafs">dirigit</a>, d'<a href="/wiki/Graf_(matem%C3%A0tiques)" title="Graf (matemàtiques)">arestes etiquetades</a> i <a href="/wiki/Multigraf" title="Multigraf">multigraf</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Història"><span id="Hist.C3.B2ria"></span>Història</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Història"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El disseny inicial del RDF, que intentava "construir un sistema de metadades independent del fabricant i del sistema operatiu",<sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> provenia la Platform for Internet Content Selection (PICS) del W3C, un sistema inicial d'etiquetatge del contingut de les pàgines web.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Varen influir-hi també idees del <a href="/wiki/Dublin_Core" title="Dublin Core">Dublin Core</a> i del Meta Content Framework (MCF)<sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> que foren desenvolupats durant 1995-1997 per Ramanathan V. Guha d'<a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc" title="Apple Inc">Apple</a> i Tim Bray de <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Communications_Corporation" title="Netscape Communications Corporation">Netscape</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El primer esborrany públic del RDF aparegué l'octubre del 1997, fet per un grup de treball del W3C que incloia representants d'<a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Communications_Corporation" title="Netscape Communications Corporation">Netscape</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>, SoftQuad, i la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.umich.edu/">Universitat de Michigan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El W3C va publicar el febrer del 1999 com a recomanació l'especificació del model de dades del RDF i una serialització <a href="/wiki/XML" class="mw-redirect" title="XML">XML</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La recomanació del 1999 fou substituïda el 2004 per un conjunt de sis especificacions que, alhora, foren substituïdes el 2014 per les sis especificacions vigents actualment: "RDF 1.1 Primer","<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax""<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>RDF 1.1 XML Syntax","<sup id="cite_ref-:5_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>RDF 1.1 Semantics","<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>RDF Schema 1.1"<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i "RDF 1.1 Test Cases".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Identificació_de_recursos_i_predicats"><span id="Identificaci.C3.B3_de_recursos_i_predicats"></span>Identificació de recursos i predicats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Identificació de recursos i predicats"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En general, els recursos i el predicat d'una terna s'identifiquen mitjançant <a href="/w/index.php?title=Identificadors_internacionals_de_recursos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Identificadors internacionals de recursos (encara no existeix)">Identificadors internacionals de recursos</a> (en anglès International Resource Identifier, IRI).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Per exemple, en la terna <code><Gaudí> <va dissenyar> <Casa Batlló></code>, els identificadors podrien ser: </p><p>Subjecte: <<a class="external free" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328">https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328</a>> </p><p>Predicat: <<a class="external free" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P800">https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P800</a>> </p><p>Objecte: <<a href="/wiki/Casa_Batll%C3%B3" title="Casa Batlló">Casa_Batlló</a>> </p><p>i llavors la terna completa seria: </p><p><code><<a class="external free" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328">https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328</a>> <<a class="external free" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P800">https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P800</a>> <<a href="/wiki/Casa_Batll%C3%B3" title="Casa Batlló">Casa_Batlló</a>></code> </p><p>L'objecte d'una terna també pot ser un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Literal_(inform%C3%A0tica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literal (informàtica) (encara no existeix)">literal</a>. Exemples de literals poden ser la cadena "Antoni Gaudí i Cornet", la data "25 de juny de 1852" o el número "3.141596". Els literals s'associen a un <a href="/wiki/Tipus_de_dada" title="Tipus de dada">tipus de dades</a> que permet interpretar-los correctament. Per exemple, la terna: </p><p><code><<a class="external free" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328">https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328</a>> <</code><sup title="Cal donar format a aquesta referència." class="noprint"><span class="noprint" style="color:blue;"><i>[<a href="/wiki/VP:REF" class="mw-redirect" title="VP:REF">enllaç sense format</a>]</i></span></sup> <a class="external free" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P569">https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P569</a><code>> "1852-06-25"^^<{{format ref}} http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date></code> </p><p>definiria que Gaudí va néixer el 25 de juny de 1852, on <code><{{format ref}} http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date></code>és l'dentificador del tipus de dades de "1852-06-25" (una data en aquest cas). </p><p>Finalment, els subjectes i els objectes poden ser recursos sense identificador (ni literal en el cas dels objectes). En aquest cas, s'anomenen nodes en blanc (blank nodes en anglès). Els nodes en blanc són útils quan es vol afirmar quelcom sobre un recurs sense IRI. Per exemple, es volen afirmar les tres ternes següents on el subjecte és un node en blanc: (1) hi ha una persona; (2) aquesta persona té 30 anys; i (3) aquesta persona viu a Manresa. Els predicats han de tenir sempre un IRI.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vocabularis_RDF">Vocabularis RDF</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Vocabularis RDF"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un vocabulari RDF és un conjunt d'IRIs per a ser usats en els grafs RDF. Els IRIs d'un mateix vocabulari sovint comencen amb una mateixa subcadena de caràcters, que s'anomena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Espai_de_noms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espai de noms (encara no existeix)">espai de noms</a> IRI. Alguns d'aquests espais de noms tenen un nom curt que s'anomena prefix de l'espai de noms.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>RDF té un vocabulari propi anomenat el vocabulari RDF. El seu espai de noms és <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#</a> i el seu prefix és rdf. El terme més important d'aquest vocabulari és rdf:type que correspon a l'IRI <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type</a>, Aquest terme s'usa com a predicat en les ternes, per indicar el tipus del subjecte. Per exemple, la terna: </p><p><code><<a class="external free" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328">https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328</a>> <rdf:type> <</code><sup title="Cal donar format a aquesta referència." class="noprint"><span class="noprint" style="color:blue;"><i>[<a href="/wiki/VP:REF" class="mw-redirect" title="VP:REF">enllaç sense format</a>]</i></span></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://schema.org/Person">http://schema.org/Person</a><code>></code> </p><p>definiria que el subjecte amb IRI <code><sup title="Cal donar format a aquesta referència." class="noprint"><span class="noprint" style="color:blue;"><i>[<a href="/wiki/VP:REF" class="mw-redirect" title="VP:REF">enllaç sense format</a>]</i></span></sup> <a class="external free" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328">https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25328</a></code> (Gaudí) és del tipus amb IRI <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://schema.org/Person">http://schema.org/Person</a> (Persona). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Serialització_de_dades_RDF"><span id="Serialitzaci.C3.B3_de_dades_RDF"></span>Serialització de dades RDF</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Serialització de dades RDF"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>W3C ha especificat diversos estàndards de serialització de dades RDF.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Els més importants són: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RDF/XML" title="RDF/XML">RDF/XML</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:5_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> que proporciona una sintaxis <a href="/wiki/Extensible_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</a> per a definir grafs RDF. Fou el primer estàndard de serialització proposat.</li> <li>N-Triples,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> que representa les ternes mitjançant línies simples de text.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_(sintaxi)" title="Turtle (sintaxi)">Turtle</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> una extensió de l'anterior que inclou construccions sintàctiques que permeten definicions més compactes i més legibles.</li> <li>TriG,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> una extensió de l'anterior que permet la definició de múltiples grafs en un sol fitxer.</li> <li>N-Quads,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> una extensió simple de N-Triples que permet un quart element a una terna, indicant el nom del graf.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSON-LD" title="JSON-LD">JSON-LD</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> que està basada en <a href="/wiki/JSON" title="JSON">JSON</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:6-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-1">1,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-rdf-syntax-19990222/">Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification</a>» (en anglès).  Ora Lassila, Ralph R. Swick, 22-02-1999. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"> «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382242164_Generacion_de_bases_de_conocimiento_en_procesos_de_mejora_de_la_accesibilidad_web">Generación de bases de conocimiento en procesos de mejora de la accesibilidad web</a>». <i>Conferência IADIS Ibero-Americana WWW Internet 2011 - <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/9789898533036" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-989-8533-03-6</a></i>, 2011.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/standards/techs/rdf#w3c_all">RDF Current Status - W3C</a>» (en anglès). [Consulta: 30 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-2">4,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-3">4,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/#resources-and-statements">RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax</a>» (en anglès), 25-02-2014. [Consulta: 30 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-1">5,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-2">5,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-primer-20140624/">RDF 1.1 Primer</a>» (en anglès), 24-06-2014. [Consulta: 30 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_6-1">6,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/Press/RDF">World Wide Web Consortium Publishes Public Draft of Resource Description Framework (RDF)</a>» (en anglès).  W3C, 06-10-1997. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_7-0">7,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_7-1">7,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110616023126/http://news.cnet.com/2100-1001-203893.html">W3C takes first step toward RDF spec</a>» (en anglès).  Alex Lash, CNET News, 03-10-1997. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/2100-1001-203893.html">original</a> el 16 de juny 2011. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFHammersley2005"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Hammersley</span>, Ben. <i>Developing Feeds with RSS and Atom</i> (en anglès).  O’Reilly, 2005, p. 2-3. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/0-596-00881-3" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/0-596-00881-3">ISBN 0-596-00881-3</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Developing+Feeds+with+RSS+and+Atom&rft.aulast=Hammersley&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2005&rft.pub=O%E2%80%99Reilly&rft.pages=2-3&rft.isbn=0-596-00881-3"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_9-0">9,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_9-1">9,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar/">RDF 1.1 XML Syntax</a>» (en anglès), 25-02-2014. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf11-mt-20140225/">RDF 1.1 Semantics</a>» (en anglès).  W3C, 25-02-2014. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf-schema-20140225/">RDF Schema 1.1</a>» (en anglès).  W3C, 25-02-2014. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-testcases/">RDF 1.1 Test Cases</a>» (en anglès).  W3C, 25-02-2014. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-0">13,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-1">13,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFYu2015"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Yu</span>, Liyang. <i>A developer's guide to the semantic web</i> (en anglès). Second edition.  Springer, 2015, p. 23-95.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+developer%27s+guide+to+the+semantic+web&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Liyang&rft.date=2015&rft.edition=Second+edition&rft.pub=Springer&rft.pages=23-95"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFAllemangHendler2011"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Allemang</span>, Dean; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Hendler</span>, Jim. <i>Semantic web for the working ontologist. Effective modeling in RDFS and OWL</i> (en anglès). Second edition.  Morgan Kaufmann, 2011.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Semantic+web+for+the+working+ontologist.+Effective+modeling+in+RDFS+and+OWL&rft.aulast=Allemang&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft.date=2011&rft.edition=Second+edition&rft.pub=Morgan+Kaufmann"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-n-triples-20140225/">RDF 1.1 N-Triples</a>» (en anglès), 25-02-2014. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/">Terse RDF Triple Language</a>» (en anglès), 25-02-2014. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/trig/">RDF 1.1 TriG</a>» (en anglès), 25-02-2014. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-n-quads-20140225/">RDF 1.1 N-Quads. A line-based syntax for RDF datasets</a>» (en anglès), 25-02-2014. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/">JSON-LD 1.0, A JSON-based Serialization for Linked Data</a>» (en anglès), 16-01-2014. [Consulta: 31 març 2017].</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaços_externs"><span id="Enlla.C3.A7os_externs"></span>Enllaços externs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Enllaços externs"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/">World Wide Web Consortium - Lloc web oficial</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/RDF/">Resource Description Framework (RDF)</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Registres_d&#039;autoritat" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Registres_d&#039;autoritat" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4737512-7">1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCCN" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN">LCCN</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2003010124">1</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&oldid=33892454">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Resource_Description_Framework&oldid=33892454</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Llenguatges_de_marcatge" title="Categoria:Llenguatges de marcatge">Llenguatges de marcatge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ci%C3%A8ncies_de_la_informaci%C3%B3" title="Categoria:Ciències de la informació">Ciències de la informació</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categories ocultes: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_que_usen_enlla%C3%A7os_m%C3%A0gics_d%27ISBN" title="Categoria:Pàgines que usen enllaços màgics d'ISBN">Pàgines que usen enllaços màgics d'ISBN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Articles_amb_refer%C3%A8ncies_sense_format" title="Categoria:Articles amb referències sense format">Articles amb referències sense format</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Control_d%27autoritats" title="Categoria:Control d'autoritats">Control d'autoritats</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La pàgina va ser modificada per darrera vegada el 4 set 2024 a les 14:11.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">El text està disponible sota la <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Text_de_la_llic%C3%A8ncia_de_Creative_Commons_Reconeixement-Compartir_Igual_4.0_No_adaptada" title="Viquipèdia:Text de la llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement-Compartir Igual 4.0 No adaptada"> Llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement i Compartir-Igual</a>; es poden aplicar termes addicionals. 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