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data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pangunahing pagpipilian" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pangunahing pagpipilian</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Pangunahing pagpipilian</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">itago</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Maglibot </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Unang_Pahina" title="Puntahan ang unang pahina [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Unang pahina</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tingnan_ang_buod" title="Mga gabay sa pagbabasa ng laktaw-laktaw sa Wikipedia"><span>Mga nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-Napiling-nilalaman" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mga_napiling_artikulo"><span>Napiling nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Alin_man" title="Magpalabas ng kahit-anong artikulo [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Alinmang artikulo</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patungkol"><span>Patungkol sa Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kasalukuyang_pangyayari" title="Hanapin ang mga impormasyon tungkol sa mga kamakailang kaganapan"><span>Mga kaganapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Pakikihalubilo" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Pakikihalubilo" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pakikihalubilo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Puntahan_ng_pamayanan" title="Tungkol sa proyekto, ano ang maari mong gawin, at kung saan maari maghanap ng mga bagay"><span>Pamayanan</span></a></li><li id="n-Kapihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kapihan"><span>Kapihan</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_huling_binago" title="Tala ng mga huling pagbabago sa wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mga huling binago</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Makipag-ugnayan_sa_amin" title="Paano makokontak ang Wikipedia"><span>Makipag-ugnayan</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tulong" title="Ang lugar para maghanap ng tulong sa Wikipedia."><span>Tulong</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Unang_Pahina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ang Malayang Ensiklopedya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tl.svg" width="119" height="13" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Maghanap" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Maghanap sa Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Hanapin</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Maghanap sa Wikipedia" aria-label="Maghanap sa Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Maghanap sa Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Natatangi:Maghanap"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Hanapin</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itsura"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itsura" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itsura</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl" class=""><span>Donasyon</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Kapakanang+pampubliko" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito" class=""><span>Gumawa ng account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Paglagda_ng_tagagamit&returnto=Kapakanang+pampubliko" title="Mas maganda kung magla-login ka; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Mag-login</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Marami pang pagpipilian" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mga pansariling kagamitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl"><span>Donasyon</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Mag-ambag</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Kapakanang+pampubliko" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Gumawa ng account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Paglagda_ng_tagagamit&returnto=Kapakanang+pampubliko" title="Mas maganda kung magla-login ka; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Mag-login</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mga pahina para sa naka-logout na mga patnugot o editor <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Maligayang_pagdating!" aria-label="Alamin pa ang tungkol sa pagpapatnugot"><span>alamin pa</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Usapan_ko" title="Usapang tungkol sa mga pagbabagong ginawa sa ip address na ito [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Usapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Mga nilalaman" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mga nilalaman</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">itago</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Simula</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tingnan_din" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tingnan_din"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tingnan din</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tingnan_din-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_sanggunian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_sanggunian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mga sanggunian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_sanggunian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mga nilalaman" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kapakanang pampubliko</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pumunta sa isang artikulo na nakasulat sa ibang wika. Mayroon ito sa 43 (na) wika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 wika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="رعاية اجتماعية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رعاية اجتماعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Социална защита – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Социална защита" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3" title="সমাজকল্যাণ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সমাজকল্যাণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benestar" title="Benestar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Benestar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_p%C3%A9%C4%8De" title="Sociální péče – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sociální péče" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_spending" title="Welfare spending – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Welfare spending" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonfaro" title="Bonfaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bonfaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bienestar_social" title="Bienestar social – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bienestar social" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gizarte-laguntza" title="Gizarte-laguntza – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gizarte-laguntza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87" title="رفاه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رفاه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protection_sociale" title="Protection sociale – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Protection sociale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa-fi_fuk-li" title="Sa-fi fuk-li – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sa-fi fuk-li" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%95%D7%97%D7%94" title="רווחה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רווחה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3" title="समाज कल्याण – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समाज कल्याण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalna_za%C5%A1tita" title="Socijalna zaštita – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Socijalna zaštita" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Previdenza_sociale" title="Previdenza sociale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Previdenza sociale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E7%A5%89" title="福祉 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="福祉" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%A7%80" title="복지 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="복지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialin%C4%97_apsauga" title="Socialinė apsauga – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Socialinė apsauga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B6" title="Нийгмийн тусламж – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нийгмийн тусламж" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="कल्याणकारी योजना – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कल्याणकारी योजना" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebajikan" title="Kebajikan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kebajikan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialhjelp" title="Sosialhjelp – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sosialhjelp" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zabezpieczenie_spo%C5%82eczne" title="Zabezpieczenie społeczne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zabezpieczenie społeczne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="سوکالي – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سوکالي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Previd%C3%AAncia_social" title="Previdência social – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Previdência social" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajutor_social" title="Ajutor social – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ajutor social" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Социальное обеспечение – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Социальное обеспечение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalna_za%C5%A1tita" title="Socijalna zaštita – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Socijalna zaštita" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare" title="Welfare – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Welfare" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndihma_shoq%C3%ABrore" title="Ndihma shoqërore – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ndihma shoqërore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalna_pomo%C4%87" title="Socijalna pomoć – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Socijalna pomoć" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustawi_wa_Jamii" title="Ustawi wa Jamii – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ustawi wa Jamii" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="สวัสดิการ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สวัสดิการ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyal_g%C3%BCvence" title="Sosyal güvence – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sosyal güvence" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Соціальний захист – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Соціальний захист" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%81%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF" title="بہبود – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بہبود" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farovonlik" title="Farovonlik – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Farovonlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%BAc_l%E1%BB%A3i_x%C3%A3_h%E1%BB%99i" title="Phúc lợi xã hội – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phúc lợi xã hội" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biestand" title="Biestand – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Biestand" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9" title="社会福利 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="社会福利" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C4%81-h%C5%8De_hok-l%C4%AB" title="Siā-hōe hok-lī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siā-hōe hok-lī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9" title="社會福利 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="社會福利" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12002092#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Baguhin ang link sa ibang wika" class="wbc-editpage">baguhin ang mga link</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kapakanang_pampubliko" title="Tingnan ang nilalaman [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Usapan:Kapakanang_pampubliko" rel="discussion" title="Usapan tungkol sa nilalaman nito [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Usapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ibahin ang baryante o variant ng wika" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tagalog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Mga tingin"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu 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pahinang wiking nakaturo rito. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Mga nakaturo rito</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Nakakawing_ng_kamakailang_pagbabago/Kapakanang_pampubliko" rel="nofollow" title="Mga huling binago sa mga kaugnay na pahina mula sa pahinang ito [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Kaugnay na pagbabago</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tl" title="Magkarga ng mga larawan o iba pang midya [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Mag-upload ng file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Natatanging_mga_pahina" title="Tala ng mga natatanging pahina [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Natatanging pahina</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapakanang_pampubliko&oldid=2084455" title="Ibigay ang palagiang kawing para sa kasalukuyang bersyon ng pahinang ito"><span>Permanenteng link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Aklat&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kapakanang+pampubliko"><span>Lumikha ng isang aklat</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kapakanang_pampubliko&action=show-download-screen"><span>I-download bilang PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapakanang_pampubliko&printable=yes" title="Ipakita ang bersyon ng pahinang itong madaling maililimbag [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bersyong mapi-print</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sa iba pang proyekto </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Welfare" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12002092" title="Link sa nakakonektang item sa repositoryo ng datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Item na Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itsura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itsura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">itago</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Mula sa Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tl" dir="ltr"><dl><dd><i>Tumuturo rito ang kapakanan ng bayan. Para sa ibang diwa, basahin ang <a href="/wiki/Pagkamakabayan" title="Pagkamakabayan">pagkamakabayan</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pagkamakabansa" title="Pagkamakabansa">pagkamakabansa</a>.</i></dd></dl> <table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Ekonomika" title="Ekonomika">Ekonomika</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:GDP_PPP_Per_Capita_IMF_2008.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/GDP_PPP_Per_Capita_IMF_2008.svg/220px-GDP_PPP_Per_Capita_IMF_2008.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/GDP_PPP_Per_Capita_IMF_2008.svg/330px-GDP_PPP_Per_Capita_IMF_2008.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/GDP_PPP_Per_Capita_IMF_2008.svg/440px-GDP_PPP_Per_Capita_IMF_2008.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="820" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background-color: #dde; border: 1px solid #bebebe"> Mga ekonomiya ayon sa rehiyon</th></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomiya_ng_Aprika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomiya ng Aprika (hindi pa naisusulat)">Aprika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomiya_ng_Hilagang_Amerika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomiya ng Hilagang Amerika (hindi pa naisusulat)">Hilagang Amerika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomiya_ng_Timog_Amerika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomiya ng Timog Amerika (hindi pa naisusulat)">Timog Amerika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomiya_ng_Asya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomiya ng Asya (hindi pa naisusulat)">Asya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomiya_ng_Europa" title="Ekonomiya ng Europa">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomiya_ng_Oceania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomiya ng Oceania (hindi pa naisusulat)">Oceania</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background-color: #dde; border: 1px solid #bebebe"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balangkas_ng_ekonomika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balangkas ng ekonomika (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pangkalahatang mga kategorya</a></th></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikroekonomika" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikroekonomika">Mikroekonomika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makroekonomika" class="mw-redirect" title="Makroekonomika">Makroekonomika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kasaysayan_ng_ekonomikong_pag-iisip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kasaysayan ng ekonomikong pag-iisip (hindi pa naisusulat)">Kasaysayan ng ekonomikong pag-iisip</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metodolohiyang_ekonomiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metodolohiyang ekonomiko (hindi pa naisusulat)">Metodolohiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_heterodokso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang heterodokso (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mga pakikitungong heterodokso</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background-color: #dde; border: 1px solid #bebebe"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mga_kodigong_klasipikasyo_ng_JEL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mga kodigong klasipikasyo ng JEL (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mga paraang teknikal</a></th></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomikang_matematikal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomikang matematikal">Matematikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonometrika" title="Ekonometrika">Ekonometrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomikang_eksperimental" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomikang eksperimental">Eksperimental</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pambansang_pagtutuos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pambansang pagtutuos (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pambansang pagtutuos</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background-color: #dde; border: 1px solid #bebebe"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mga_kodigong_klasipikasyon_ng_JEL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mga kodigong klasipikasyon ng JEL (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mga larangan</a></th></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomikang_pag-aasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomikang pag-aasal">Pag-aasal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_kultural&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang kultural (hindi pa naisusulat)">Kultural</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_ebolusyonaryo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang ebolusyonaryo (hindi pa naisusulat)">Ebolusyonaryo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paglagong_ekonomiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paglagong ekonomiko (hindi pa naisusulat)">Paglago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomika_ng_pag-unlad" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomika ng pag-unlad">Pag-unlad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasaysayang_ekonomiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasaysayang ekonomiko">Kasaysayan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_pandaigdig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang pandaigdig (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pandaigdig</a></li> <li>Mga <a href="/wiki/Sistemang_ekonomiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistemang ekonomiko">sistemang ekonomiko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_pangsalapi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang pangsalapi (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pangsalapi</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_pinansiyal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang pinansiyal (hindi pa naisusulat)">ekonomikang pinansiyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomikang_pampubliko" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomikang pampubliko">Ekonomikang pampubliko</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomika_ng_kapakanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomika ng kapakanan (hindi pa naisusulat)">Ekonomika ng kapakanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomikang_pangkalusugan" title="Ekonomikang pangkalusugan">Kalusugan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_pang-edukasyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang pang-edukasyon (hindi pa naisusulat)">Edukasyon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kapakanan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_demograpiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang demograpiko (hindi pa naisusulat)">Populasyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomika_ng_paggawa" title="Ekonomika ng paggawa">Paggawa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomika_ng_tauhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomika ng tauhan (hindi pa naisusulat)">Tauhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomikang_manedyeryal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomikang manedyeryal">Pangpamamahala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_komputasyonal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang komputasyonal (hindi pa naisusulat)">Komputasyonal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomika_ng_negosyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomika ng negosyo (hindi pa naisusulat)">Negosyo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomika_ng_impormasyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomika ng impormasyon (hindi pa naisusulat)">Impormasyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teoriya_ng_laro" class="mw-redirect" title="Teoriya ng laro">Teoriya ng laro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisasyong_industriyal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisasyong industriyal (hindi pa naisusulat)">Organisasyong industriyal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Batas_at_ekonomika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batas at ekonomika (hindi pa naisusulat)">Batas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomikang_pansaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekonomikang pansaka">Pansaka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomika_ng_likas_na_yaman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomika ng likas na yaman (hindi pa naisusulat)">Likas na yaman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_pangkapaligiran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang pangkapaligiran (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pangkapaligiran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_ekolohikal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang ekolohikal (hindi pa naisusulat)">Ekolohikal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_urbano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang urbano (hindi pa naisusulat)">Urbano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomikang_rural&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomikang rural (hindi pa naisusulat)">Rural</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agham_panrehiyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agham panrehiyon (hindi pa naisusulat)">Pangrehiyon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heograpiyang_ekonomiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heograpiyang ekonomiko (hindi pa naisusulat)">Heograpiya</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background-color: #dde; border: 1px solid #bebebe"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorya:Economics_lists&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorya:Economics lists (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mga talaan</a></th></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_economics_journals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of economics journals (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mga diyaryo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_important_publications_in_economics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of important publications in economics (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mga publikasyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Ekonomika" title="Kategorya:Ekonomika">Mga kategorya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_economics_topics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of economics topics (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mga paksa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_economists&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of economists (hindi pa naisusulat)">Mga ekonomista</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background-color: #dde; border: 1px solid #bebebe"> <a href="/wiki/Ekonomiya" title="Ekonomiya">Ang ekonomiya: diwa at kasaysayan</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1843287">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-tingnan"><a href="/wiki/Padron:Economics_sidebar" title="Padron:Economics sidebar"><abbr title="Tingnan ang padron">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-usapan"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usapang_padron:Economics_sidebar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Usapang padron:Economics sidebar (hindi pa naisusulat)"><abbr title="Pag-usapan ang padron">u</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-baguhin"><a class="external text" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padron:Economics_sidebar&action=edit"><abbr title="Baguhin ang padron">b</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Ang <b>kapakanang pampubliko</b>, <b>kapakanang pangmadla</b>, o <b>kapakanang pambalana</b> (Ingles: <i>public welfare</i>) ay ang tulong na pampubliko, maaaring panandalian, o gawaing pangkawanggawa<sup id="cite_ref-Gaboy_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gaboy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> na natatanggap ng isang tao o mga tao na hindi makapaghanapbuhay upang kumita ng salapi, anuman ang dahilan. Dahil sa ganitong kalagayan, dito pumapasok ang pamamagitan at pagtulong ng mga programang pangtulong na pampubliko ng <a href="/wiki/Pamahalaan" title="Pamahalaan">pamahalaan</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serbisyong_panlipunan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serbisyong panlipunan (hindi pa naisusulat)">serbisyong panlipunan</a> (mga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palingkurang_panlipunan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palingkurang panlipunan (hindi pa naisusulat)">palingkurang panlipunan</a>). Kabilang sa mga suliraning nilulunasan ng mga programang pangkapakanang pampubliko ang kawalan ng pagkain, kawalan ng matutuluyan at matutulugan, at kawalan ng pangangalagang pangkalusugan. Mayroong dalawang tungkulin ang tulong na pangmadla: </p> <dl><dd><ul><li>Ang mabigyan ang isang mag-anak o isang tao na makatanggap ng regular na kitang salapi kung ang lahat ng iba pang pagkakakitaan ay natigil o nabawasan kaya't hindi sapat upang makapamuhay.</li> <li>Ang matulungan ang mag-anak o isang tao na maging mas malakas o matatag at maging mas makatayo sa sariling mga paa.<sup id="cite_ref-NBK_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBK-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></dd></dl> <p>Samakatuwid, ang pinagtutuunan ng pansin ng kapakanang pampubliko, kilala rin bilang <b>gawaing pangkapakanan</b> o <b>sistemang pangkapakanan</b> ay ang <b>kapakanan</b><sup id="cite_ref-Bansa_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bansa-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> o <a href="/wiki/Kabutihan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabutihan">kabutihan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prosperidad_(kasaganaan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prosperidad (kasaganaan) (hindi pa naisusulat)">prosperidad</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kasaganaan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasaganaan">kasaganaan</a>), at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagsulong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagsulong (hindi pa naisusulat)">pagsulong</a> ng <a href="/wiki/Buhay" title="Buhay">buhay</a> o <a href="/wiki/Kabuhayan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabuhayan">kabuhayan</a> ng mga indibiduwal at ng mga mag-anak.<sup id="cite_ref-Gaboy_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gaboy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tingnan_din">Tingnan din</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapakanang_pampubliko&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Tingnan din" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapakanang_pampubliko&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Tingnan din"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalusugang_pampubliko" title="Kalusugang pampubliko">Kalusugang pampubliko</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_sanggunian">Mga sanggunian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapakanang_pampubliko&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Mga sanggunian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapakanang_pampubliko&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Mga sanggunian"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2121818">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Gaboy-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gaboy_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gaboy_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2132731">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFGaboy,_Luciano_L." class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gaboy, Luciano L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gabbydictionary.com/"><i><span></span></i>Welfare<i> - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Welfare+-+Gabby%27s+Dictionary%3A+Praktikal+na+Talahuluganang+Ingles-Filipino+ni+Gabby%2FGabby%27s+Practical+English-Filipino+Dictionary%2C+GabbyDictionary.com&rft.au=Gaboy%2C+Luciano+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gabbydictionary.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKapakanang+pampubliko" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NBK-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NBK_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"<i>Welfare, Public</i>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Book_of_Knowledge" title="The New Book of Knowledge">The New Book of Knowledge (Ang Bagong Aklat ng Kaalaman), Grolier Incorporated</a></i>. 1977.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Welfare%2C+Public&rft.btitle=The+New+Book+of+Knowledge+%28Ang+Bagong+Aklat+ng+Kaalaman%29%2C+Grolier+Incorporated&rft.date=1977&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKapakanang+pampubliko" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Padron:Cite_ensiklopedya" class="mw-redirect" title="Padron:Cite ensiklopedya">cite ensiklopedya</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">link</a>)</span>, tomo para sa titik W, pahina 120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bansa-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bansa_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731"><cite id="CITEREFBlake,_Matthew2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Blake, Matthew (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bansa.org/dictionaries/tgl/">"<i>Welfare</i>, kapakanan"</a>. <i>Tagalog English Dictionary-English Tagalog Dictionary</i>. Bansa.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Welfare%2C+kapakanan&rft.btitle=Tagalog+English+Dictionary-English+Tagalog+Dictionary&rft.pub=Bansa.org&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Blake%2C+Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bansa.org%2Fdictionaries%2Ftgl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKapakanang+pampubliko" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Padron:Cite_ensiklopedya" class="mw-redirect" title="Padron:Cite ensiklopedya">cite ensiklopedya</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Usbong"><img alt="Usbong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/35px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/53px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/70px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <i>Ang lathalaing ito ay isang <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Usbong" title="Wikipedia:Usbong">usbong</a>. Makatutulong ka sa <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> sa <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kapakanang_pampubliko&action=edit">pagpapalawig</a></span> nito.</i> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Kinuha sa "<a dir="ltr" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kapakanang_pampubliko&oldid=2084455">https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kapakanang_pampubliko&oldid=2084455</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_kategorya" title="Natatangi:Mga kategorya">Kategorya</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Lipunan" title="Kategorya:Lipunan">Lipunan</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Nakatagong kategorya: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">CS1 maint: date auto-translated</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Portal_templates_with_all_redlinked_portals" title="Kategorya:Portal templates with all redlinked portals">Portal templates with all redlinked portals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Portal-inline_template_with_redlinked_portals" title="Kategorya:Portal-inline template with redlinked portals">Portal-inline template with redlinked portals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Stub" title="Kategorya:Stub">Stub</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Mga_lathalaing_dapat_palawigin" title="Kategorya:Mga lathalaing dapat palawigin">Mga lathalaing dapat palawigin</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Huling pagbabago: 06:22, 9 Pebrero 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Magagamit ang teksto sa ilalim ng <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Lisensyang Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike</a>; maaaring mailapat ang karagdagang termino. 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