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A hybrid electrothermal model consisting of finite and lumped elements was proposed. Heat distribution of large-area OLED was measured by infrared spectroscopy. We have achieved an excellent agreement of measured and simulated results. The simulation confirms a strong influence of temperature on current distribution for large-area OLED. It turns out that the design of homogeneous devices requires knowledge about electrical and thermal aspects. Another result anticipates that the switching behavior of OLED strongly correlates with thermal relaxation. The model is a valuable tool to simulate luminance distribution and local aging allowing strong improvement of device development.","publication_date":"2011,8,1","publication_name":"Organic Electronics","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"52439619"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Electrothermal characterization of large-area organic light-emitting diodes employing finite-element simulation","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [34310548]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":52439619,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Electrothermal characterization of large-area organic light-emitting diodes employing finite-element simulation”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/52439619/mini_magick20190122-4782-16pvzbv.png?1548226252" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Electrothermal characterization of large-area organic light-emitting diodes employing finite-element simulation</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34310548" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MSlawinski"><img alt="Profile image of Michael Slawinski" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Michael Slawinski</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2011, Organic Electronics</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">7 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 32210967; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">We investigated and modeled the electrothermal behavior of a 5 Â 5 cm 2 organic lightemitting diode (OLED) with electrothermal measurements and finite-element simulation. A hybrid electrothermal model consisting of finite and lumped elements was proposed. Heat distribution of large-area OLED was measured by infrared spectroscopy. We have achieved an excellent agreement of measured and simulated results. The simulation confirms a strong influence of temperature on current distribution for large-area OLED. It turns out that the design of homogeneous devices requires knowledge about electrical and thermal aspects. Another result anticipates that the switching behavior of OLED strongly correlates with thermal relaxation. The model is a valuable tool to simulate luminance distribution and local aging allowing strong improvement of device development.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":52439619,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/32210967/Electrothermal_characterization_of_large_area_organic_light_emitting_diodes_employing_finite_element_simulation"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":52439619,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/32210967/Electrothermal_characterization_of_large_area_organic_light_emitting_diodes_employing_finite_element_simulation"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas" data-impression-entity-id="32210967" data-impression-entity-type="2" data-impression-source="signup-banner"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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We apply a transmission-matrix approach to analytically model the effects of thermal conduction, convection and radiation on OLED temperature. The model predictions match experiment without requiring the use of fitting parameters. This allows for the simulation of the thermal response of various device architectures, materials combinations and environmental factors under a variety of operating conditions. Using these simulations, we find that 87% of the heat is dissipated through the air space adjacent to the glass package cap. Furthermore, an air gap between the device cathode and cap provides a significant thermal impedance. Minimizing the thickness of the internal air gap can lead to nearly room temperature operation, even at very high brightness.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Thermal properties of organic light-emitting diodes","attachmentId":35076989,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8727246/Thermal_properties_of_organic_light_emitting_diodes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8727246/Thermal_properties_of_organic_light_emitting_diodes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="77930765" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77930765/How_thermal_environment_affects_OLEDs_operational_characteristics">How thermal environment affects OLEDs' operational characteristics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="134107708" href="https://bme.academia.edu/AndrasPoppe">Andras Poppe</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2012 28th Annual IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium (SEMI-THERM), 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In recent years great effort has been put into development of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) worldwide. Among many concerns of developers is heat-removal from the thin film structure of the active layers of OLEDs which are typically realized on low thermal conductivity substrates such as glass or polymer foils. The other issue is to provide the OLEDs with transparent, yet high electrical conductivity electric power supply structure, therefore metallic shunting grids are added to the layer stack of OLEDs. These two major issues necessitate self-consistent electro-thermal simulation of large area OLEDs in which the temperature dependent I-V characteristics of the light emitting polymer layers are also considered. In this paper we discuss details of our 2.5D fieldsolver algorithm extended with such capabilities which was developed for the European funded Fast2Light project. The paper also presents a measurement and simulation example for a glass-based research OLED sample.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"How thermal environment affects OLEDs' operational characteristics","attachmentId":85153672,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77930765/How_thermal_environment_affects_OLEDs_operational_characteristics","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/77930765/How_thermal_environment_affects_OLEDs_operational_characteristics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="99377590" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/99377590/Nonlinear_electro_thermal_and_light_output_modeling_and_simulation_of_OLEDs">Nonlinear electro-thermal and light output modeling and simulation of OLEDs</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="134107708" href="https://bme.academia.edu/AndrasPoppe">Andras Poppe</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Lighting application of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) has been forecasted and such applications appear already in the high end segment of the market. These devices should provide homogeneous luminance-homogeneity is one of the quality metrics of such devices. Local light generation depends on both the local temperature and the local voltage drop across the light emitting polymer(s) in the device. Due to the large area of these devices the coupled optical, electrical and thermal simulation problem is of distributed nature. Electrical characteristics of organic semiconductor materials used in OLED devices are nonlinear, and their nonlinear temperaturedependence is significant. Measurement and temperature-dependent electrical and optical modeling of OLEDs is presented in this study. The paper addresses the special needs of OLEDs in distributed electro-thermal field simulation. These needs are not handled appropriately yet in the widely used, commercially available simulation tools. However the latest version of our SUNRED field solver algorithm is capable of handling these coupled, non-linear optical-electrical-thermal problems. The new features of the algorithm are demonstrated by modeling some research OLED samples available to us in the Fast2Light project-this way simulation results are compared against measured data. The results suggest that the models and the simulation tool can be used well in OLED design.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nonlinear electro-thermal and light output modeling and simulation of OLEDs","attachmentId":100484550,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99377590/Nonlinear_electro_thermal_and_light_output_modeling_and_simulation_of_OLEDs","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/99377590/Nonlinear_electro_thermal_and_light_output_modeling_and_simulation_of_OLEDs"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="25840786" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25840786/Electrical_simulations_of_doped_multilayer_organic_light_emitting_diodes_OLEDs_under_temperature_stress_for_high_current_densities">Electrical simulations of doped multilayer organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) under temperature stress for high current densities</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32304856" href="https://polytechnique.academia.edu/ybonnassieux">yvan bonnassieux</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of the Society for Information Display, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This work aims at explaining and predicting the influence of the thickness of organic materials, dye doping, and space-charge effects on charge-carrier transport at different operating temperatures for high current densities (50 ≤ J ≤ 7000 mA/cm 2 ). For the purpose of determining these influences, current-voltage characteristics for typical electrically doped multilayer organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been simulated. The results of the simulations concur with experimental data.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Electrical simulations of doped multilayer organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) under temperature stress for high current densities","attachmentId":46206493,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25840786/Electrical_simulations_of_doped_multilayer_organic_light_emitting_diodes_OLEDs_under_temperature_stress_for_high_current_densities","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25840786/Electrical_simulations_of_doped_multilayer_organic_light_emitting_diodes_OLEDs_under_temperature_stress_for_high_current_densities"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="122997532" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/122997532/Effect_of_high_thermal_stress_on_the_organic_light_emitting_diodes_OLEDs_performances">Effect of high thermal stress on the organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) performances</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="29251811" href="https://utem.academia.edu/SitiHajarSheikhMdFadzullah">Siti Hajar Sheikh Md Fadzullah</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Synthetic Metals, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The configuration of an organic light emitting diode (OLED) that combines different types of material to form a complete, functional device has induced an interlayer stress. This situation can further affect the performances of OLED, especially under high-temperature conditions as regards to different values of the thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) between the layers. Hence, this paper presents the thermal behavior of OLEDs under such conditions specifically in non-operated mode (no electrical current is given during the experiment). A batch of commercially available OLEDs has been employed. They were exposed to several temperatures in a controlled oven, including temperatures that higher than the glass transition temperature (T g) limit of the polymer material (∼126 ℃). It was observed that the luminance value had dramatically dropped by 90% from the initial value after the OLEDs were stressed at 135 ℃, whereas the voltage-drop greatly escalated from 8.5 V to 30.2 V. Via FIB-FESEM analysis, the presence of voids (layer mismatch) was evident due to interfacial thermal stress imparted between the layers. The voids had allowed the infiltration of moisture and oxygen into the device and eventually led to the formation of bubble-like defects on top of the cathode's surface. This condition has resulted in deterioration of electrons injection path and permanently changed the morphological structures of the devices. Through calculations, it was verified that the interfacial thermal stress between the layers reduced about 50% as the thickness of the polymer layer was increased by two times of its initial dimension.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effect of high thermal stress on the organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) performances","attachmentId":117536604,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/122997532/Effect_of_high_thermal_stress_on_the_organic_light_emitting_diodes_OLEDs_performances","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/122997532/Effect_of_high_thermal_stress_on_the_organic_light_emitting_diodes_OLEDs_performances"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="114960723" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/114960723/Characterization_modeling_and_analysis_of_organic_light_emitting_diodes_with_different_structures">Characterization, modeling, and analysis of organic light-emitting diodes with different structures</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42956916" href="https://hku-hk.academia.edu/HuiRon">Ron Hui</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper demonstrates that organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) of different structures can be characterized and modeled using a combination of the photo-electro-thermal (PET) theory and spectral power distribution modeling. The photometric, electrical, thermal and chromatic properties of OLED devices are incorporated into a model framework so that the performance of OLED of different structures can be compared. A concept of luminance uniformity over the OLED surfaces is also introduced for comparing OLED with large surface areas. Experimental results are included to verify the OLED models and compare the characteristics of two different OLED samples. Based on the same PET framework, some differences of OLEDs and inorganic LEDs are addressed and discussed.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Characterization, modeling, and analysis of organic light-emitting diodes with different structures","attachmentId":111509074,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/114960723/Characterization_modeling_and_analysis_of_organic_light_emitting_diodes_with_different_structures","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/114960723/Characterization_modeling_and_analysis_of_organic_light_emitting_diodes_with_different_structures"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="114308751" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/114308751/Degradation_of_the_luminance_and_impedance_evolution_analysis_of_an_OLED_under_thermal_and_electrical_stress">Degradation of the luminance and impedance evolution analysis of an OLED under thermal and electrical stress</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37857668" href="https://univ-tlse.academia.edu/GeorgesZissis">Georges Zissis</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Organic light emitting diodes are one of the most innovative light sources. They do not require semiconductor fabrication techniques like the LED family, they are simple to construct and are used in many original applications. The inconvenient of this product is that it does not have a long lasting useful life with more then 10000 hours. Therefore, this paper will present a parametric method to design an aging model of the OLED based on luminance decay and electrical impedance evolution. Accelerated tests using thermal factor and current density will be applied to large warm white OLED panels. A log-normal model for the luminance decay will be merged with design of experiments method to include the stress factors as well as impedance characteristics resulting in an effective degradation model that can estimate the lifetime of the OLED.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Degradation of the luminance and impedance evolution analysis of an OLED under thermal and electrical stress","attachmentId":111041030,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/114308751/Degradation_of_the_luminance_and_impedance_evolution_analysis_of_an_OLED_under_thermal_and_electrical_stress","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/114308751/Degradation_of_the_luminance_and_impedance_evolution_analysis_of_an_OLED_under_thermal_and_electrical_stress"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="106030547" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/106030547/Feel_the_Heat_Nonlinear_Electrothermal_Feedback_in_Organic_LEDs">Feel the Heat: Nonlinear Electrothermal Feedback in Organic LEDs</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="272511800" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ScholzReinhard">Reinhard Scholz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Advanced Functional Materials, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">For lighting applications, Organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) need much higher brightness than for displays, leading to self-heating. Due to the temperature-activated transport in organic semiconductors, this can result in brightness inhomogeneities and catastrophic failure. Here, we show that due to the strong electrothermal feedback of OLEDs, the common spatial current and voltage distribution is completely changed, requiring advanced device modeling and operation concepts. Our study clearly demonstrates the effect of negative differential resistance (NDR) in OLEDs induced by self-heating. As a consequence, for increasing voltage, regions with declining voltages are propagating through the device, and even more interestingly, a part of these regions show even decreasing currents, leading to strong local variation in luminance. The expected breakthrough of OLED lighting technology will require an improved price performance ratio, and the realization of modules with very high brightness but untainted appearance is considered to be an essential step into this direction. Thus, a deeper understanding of the control of electrothermal feedback will help to make OLEDs in lighting more competitive.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Feel the Heat: Nonlinear Electrothermal Feedback in Organic LEDs","attachmentId":105335412,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/106030547/Feel_the_Heat_Nonlinear_Electrothermal_Feedback_in_Organic_LEDs","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/106030547/Feel_the_Heat_Nonlinear_Electrothermal_Feedback_in_Organic_LEDs"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="18586238" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18586238/A_new_model_for_optimization_of_organic_light_emitting_device_by_concurrent_incorporation_of_electrical_and_optical_simulations">A new model for optimization of organic light-emitting device by concurrent incorporation of electrical and optical simulations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38525301" href="https://sinica.academia.edu/CtChen">Chin-Ti Chen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Applied Physics, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes with a double light-emitting layer structure for high color-rendering index J. Appl. Phys. 112, 084504 (2012) Improvement of optical performance of ZnO/GaN p-n junctions with an InGaN interlayer Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 161905 (2012) Efficiency droop due to electron spill-over and limited hole injection in III-nitride visible light-emitting diodes employing lattice-matched InAlN electron blocking layers Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 161110 (2012) Dependence of radiative efficiency and deep level defect incorporation on threading dislocation density for InGaN/GaN light emitting diodes Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 162102 (2012) Investigation of the light emission properties and carrier dynamics in dual-wavelength InGaN/GaN multiplequantum well light emitting diodes</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A new model for optimization of organic light-emitting device by concurrent incorporation of electrical and optical simulations","attachmentId":40142900,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18586238/A_new_model_for_optimization_of_organic_light_emitting_device_by_concurrent_incorporation_of_electrical_and_optical_simulations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18586238/A_new_model_for_optimization_of_organic_light_emitting_device_by_concurrent_incorporation_of_electrical_and_optical_simulations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="22007881" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22007881/Design_Methodology_for_Light_Emitting_Diode_Systems_by_Considering_an_Electrothermal_Model">Design Methodology for Light-Emitting Diode Systems by Considering an Electrothermal Model</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44046802" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RicardodoPrado">Ricardo do Prado</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43269588" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TiagoMarchesan">Tiago Marchesan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2000</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The knowledge about thermal, electrical, and photometrical characteristics of Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) is essential to achieve a good performance to the lighting system. This paper presents a methodology for designing LED systems. The main purpose is to provide an optimal operating point, considering the electrothermal design to achieve the maximum luminous flux for a given LED system. Based on two design routines, the proposed methodology brings the possibility to consider driver output current, heatsink size, and LED junction temperature in the system design. A mathematical analysis taking into account an LED electrothermal model is presented. Computational fluid dynamics simulation employing finite element method and experimental results validate the proposed methodology.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Design Methodology for Light-Emitting Diode Systems by Considering an Electrothermal Model","attachmentId":42707464,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22007881/Design_Methodology_for_Light_Emitting_Diode_Systems_by_Considering_an_Electrothermal_Model","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22007881/Design_Methodology_for_Light_Emitting_Diode_Systems_by_Considering_an_Electrothermal_Model"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":52439619,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":52439619,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_52439619" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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