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Mugger crocodile - Wikipedia
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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy_and_evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_and_habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_and_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Distribution and habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_and_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behaviour_and_ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behaviour_and_ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Behaviour and ecology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Behaviour_and_ecology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Behaviour and ecology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Behaviour_and_ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hunting_and_diet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hunting_and_diet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Hunting and diet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hunting_and_diet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tool_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tool_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Tool use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tool_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reproduction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reproduction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Reproduction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reproduction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sympatric_predators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sympatric_predators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Sympatric predators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sympatric_predators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Threats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Threats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Threats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Threats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Conservation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mugger crocodile</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1" title="تمساح المغر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تمساح المغر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataql%C4%B1q_timsah%C4%B1" title="Bataqlıq timsahı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bataqlıq timsahı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="کروکودیلوس پالوستریس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کروکودیلوس پالوستریس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0" title="স্বাদুপানির কুমির – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্বাদুপানির কুমির" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Индийски крокодил – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Индийски крокодил" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krokodil-geun" title="Krokodil-geun – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Krokodil-geun" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocodril_persa" title="Cocodril persa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cocodril persa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%91%D1%85_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D3%97" title="Шурлӑх крокодилӗ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шурлӑх крокодилӗ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodylus_palustris" title="Crocodylus palustris – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Crocodylus palustris" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krokod%C3%BDl_bahenn%C3%AD" title="Krokodýl bahenní – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Krokodýl bahenní" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumpfkrokodil" title="Sumpfkrokodil – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sumpfkrokodil" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3k%CA%BCaatah_t%C3%A1%C5%82k%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BCts%CA%BCin" title="Lókʼaatah táłkááʼtsʼin – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Lókʼaatah táłkááʼtsʼin" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Κροκόδειλος του Βούρκου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κροκόδειλος του Βούρκου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodylus_palustris" title="Crocodylus palustris – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Crocodylus palustris" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C4%89a_krokodilo" title="Marĉa krokodilo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Marĉa krokodilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zingira-krokodilo" title="Zingira-krokodilo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zingira-krokodilo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88" title="گاندو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاندو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodile_des_marais" title="Crocodile des marais – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Crocodile des marais" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crogall_corraigh" title="Crogall corraigh – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Crogall corraigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodylus_palustris" title="Crocodylus palustris – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Crocodylus palustris" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%B0" title="મગર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મગર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8A%AA%EC%95%85%EC%96%B4" title="늪악어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="늪악어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%B3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Ճահճային կոկորդիլոս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ճահճային կոկորդիլոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C4%8Dvarni_krokodil" title="Močvarni krokodil – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Močvarni krokodil" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenjakr%C3%B3k%C3%B3d%C3%ADll" title="Fenjakrókódíll – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fenjakrókódíll" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodylus_palustris" title="Crocodylus palustris – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Crocodylus palustris" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA" title="תנין הביצות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תנין הביצות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%82otny_krok%C3%B2dil" title="Błotny krokòdil – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Błotny krokòdil" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mocs%C3%A1ri_krokodil" title="Mocsári krokodil – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mocsári krokodil" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Индиски крокодил – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Индиски крокодил" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B2" title="മഗ്ഗർ മുതല – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മഗ്ഗർ മുതല" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1_(%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%81)" title="مجار (نوع من الزواحف) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مجار (نوع من الزواحف)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moeraskrokodil" title="Moeraskrokodil – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Moeraskrokodil" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="मगर गोही – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मगर गोही" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8C%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AF%E3%83%8B" title="ヌマワニ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヌマワニ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumpkrokodille" title="Sumpkrokodille – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sumpkrokodille" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%81_%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AD%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%B0" title="ଗୋମୁହାଁ କୁମ୍ଭୀର – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଗୋମୁହାଁ କୁମ୍ଭୀର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krokodyl_b%C5%82otny" title="Krokodyl błotny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Krokodyl błotny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodilo-persa" title="Crocodilo-persa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Crocodilo-persa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Болотный крокодил – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Болотный крокодил" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱛᱟᱭᱟᱱ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱛᱟᱭᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%BD_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B9%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F" title="හැල කිඹුලා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හැල කිඹුලා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mugger_crocodile" title="Mugger crocodile – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mugger crocodile" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krokod%C3%ADl_bahenn%C3%BD" title="Krokodíl bahenný – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Krokodíl bahenný" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Индијски крокодил – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Индијски крокодил" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C4%8Dvarni_krokodil" title="Močvarni krokodil – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Močvarni krokodil" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / 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data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Крокодил болотний – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Крокодил болотний" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%88%D8%B3_%D9%85%DA%AF%D8%B1_%D9%85%DA%86%DA%BE" title="انڈس مگر مچھ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انڈس مگر مچھ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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The present address (URL) is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">permanent link</a> to this revision, which may differ significantly from the <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mugger_crocodile">current revision</a></span>.</b></p><div id="revision-info-plain" style="display: none;">Revision as of 17:45, 19 December 2022 by <a href="/wiki/User:Wolverine_X-eye" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Wolverine X-eye" data-mw-revid="1128349360"><bdi>Wolverine X-eye</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Wolverine_X-eye" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Wolverine X-eye">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Wolverine_X-eye" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Wolverine X-eye">contribs</a>)</span> <span class="comment">(Fixing a big error)</span></div></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mugger_crocodile&diff=prev&oldid=1128349360" title="Mugger crocodile">diff</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mugger_crocodile&direction=prev&oldid=1128349360" title="Mugger crocodile">← Previous revision</a> | <a href="/wiki/Mugger_crocodile" title="Mugger crocodile">Latest revision</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mugger_crocodile&diff=cur&oldid=1128349360" title="Mugger crocodile">diff</a>) | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mugger_crocodile&direction=next&oldid=1128349360" title="Mugger crocodile">Newer revision →</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mugger_crocodile&diff=next&oldid=1128349360" title="Mugger crocodile">diff</a>)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of crocodile from Asia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Mugger crocodile<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <a href="/wiki/Late_Pleistocene" title="Late Pleistocene">Late Pleistocene</a>–<a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Present</a>, <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">0.1–0 <a href="/wiki/Megaannum" class="mw-redirect" title="Megaannum">Ma</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-Rio2021_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rio2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"> <div style="position:absolute; left:219.96615384615px; font-size:50%"><div style="position:relative; left:-0.42em">↓</div></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mugger_crocodile_(Crocodylus_palustris)_Gal_Oya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_Gal_Oya.jpg/220px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_Gal_Oya.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_Gal_Oya.jpg/330px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_Gal_Oya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_Gal_Oya.jpg/440px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_Gal_Oya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5429" data-file-height="2714" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_VU.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Vulnerable_species" title="Vulnerable species">Vulnerable</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">CITES</a> Appendix I<small> (<a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">CITES</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Crocodylus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">Reptilia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Archosauromorpha" title="Archosauromorpha">Archosauromorpha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Archosauriformes" title="Archosauriformes">Archosauriformes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crocodilia" title="Crocodilia">Crocodilia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crocodile" title="Crocodile">Crocodylidae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus" title="Crocodylus"><i>Crocodylus</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>C. palustris</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Crocodylus palustris</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9-Primev%C3%A8re_Lesson" class="mw-redirect" title="René-Primevère Lesson">Lesson</a>, 1831)<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Crocodylus_palustris_Distribution.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Crocodylus_palustris_Distribution.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="146" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Distribution of mugger crocodile </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul class="taxonlist"><li><i>Crocodilus palustris</i> <small> Lesson, 1831 </small></li><li><i>Crocodilus vulgarts <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> indicus</i> <small> <a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray">Gray</a>, 1831 </small></li><li><i>Crocodilus bombifrons</i> <small> Gray, 1844 </small></li><li><i>Crocodilus trigonops</i> <small> Gray, 1844 </small></li><li><i>Crocodylus palustris <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> kimbula</i> <small> Deraniyagala, 1936 </small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>mugger crocodile</b> (<i><b>Crocodylus palustris</b></i>) is a medium-sized broad-<a href="/wiki/Snout" title="Snout">snouted</a> <a href="/wiki/Crocodile" title="Crocodile">crocodile</a>, also known as <b>mugger</b> and <b>marsh crocodile</b>. It is native to <a href="/wiki/Freshwater" class="mw-redirect" title="Freshwater">freshwater</a> habitats from southern <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>, where it inhabits <a href="/wiki/Marsh" title="Marsh">marshes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake" title="Lake">lakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">rivers</a> and artificial <a href="/wiki/Pond" title="Pond">ponds</a>. It rarely reaches a body length of 5 m (16 ft 5 in) and is a powerful swimmer, but also walks on land in search of suitable waterbodies during the hot season. Both young and adult mugger crocodiles dig <a href="/wiki/Burrow" title="Burrow">burrows</a> to which they retreat when the ambient temperature drops below 5 °C (41 °F) or exceeds 38 °C (100 °F). Females dig holes in the sand as nesting sites and lay up to 46 <a href="/wiki/Egg_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg (biology)">eggs</a> during the dry season. The sex of <a href="/wiki/Hatchling" title="Hatchling">hatchlings</a> depends on temperature during <a href="/wiki/Avian_incubation" class="mw-redirect" title="Avian incubation">incubation</a>. Both parents protect the young for up to one year. They feed on <a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">insects</a>, and adults prey on <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">reptiles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">birds</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammals</a>. </p><p>The mugger crocodile evolved at least <span class="nourlexpansion plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geoltime.github.io/?Ma=4.19">4.19</a> million years ago</span> and has been a symbol for the fructifying and destructive powers of the rivers since the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic period</a>. It was first scientifically described in 1831 and is protected by law in Iran, India and Sri Lanka. Since 1982, it has been listed as <a href="/wiki/Vulnerable_species" title="Vulnerable species">Vulnerable</a> on the <a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List</a>. Outside <a href="/wiki/Protected_area" title="Protected area">protected areas</a>, it is threatened by conversion of natural habitats, gets entangled in <a href="/wiki/Fishing_net" title="Fishing net">fishing nets</a> and is killed in <a href="/wiki/Human%E2%80%93wildlife_conflict" title="Human–wildlife conflict">human–wildlife conflict</a> situations and in traffic accidents. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy_and_evolution">Taxonomy and evolution</h2></div> <p><i>Crocodilus palustris</i> was the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific name">scientific name</a> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Lesson" title="René Lesson">René Lesson</a> in 1831 who <a href="/wiki/Scientific_description" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific description">described</a> the <a href="/wiki/Type_specimen" class="mw-redirect" title="Type specimen">type specimen</a> from the Gangetic plains.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In subsequent years, several <a href="/wiki/Naturalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalist">naturalists</a> and curators of <a href="/wiki/Natural_history_museum" title="Natural history museum">natural history museums</a> described <a href="/wiki/Zoological_specimen" title="Zoological specimen">zoological specimens</a> and proposed different names, including: </p> <ul><li><i>C. bombifrons</i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray">John Edward Gray</a> in 1844 for a specimen sent by the Museum of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Asiatic_Society_of_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal">Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal</a> to the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum_of_Natural_History" class="mw-redirect" title="British Museum of Natural History">British Museum of Natural History</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray1844_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray1844-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>C. trigonops</i> also by Gray in 1844 for a young mugger specimen from India.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray1844_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray1844-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Evolution">Evolution</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Phylogenetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Phylogenetic">Phylogenetic</a> analysis of 23 crocodilian species indicated that the <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus" title="Crocodylus">Crocodylus</a></i> most likely originated in <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> about <span class="nourlexpansion plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geoltime.github.io/?Ma=13.72–8.28">13.72 to 8.28</a> million years ago</span>. The <a href="/wiki/Freshwater_crocodile" title="Freshwater crocodile">freshwater crocodile</a> (<i>C. johnstoni</i>) is thought to have been the first species that <a href="/wiki/Genetic_divergence" title="Genetic divergence">genetically diverged</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Common_ancestor" class="mw-redirect" title="Common ancestor">common ancestor</a> of the genus about <span class="nourlexpansion plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geoltime.github.io/?Ma=12.45–7.17">12.45 to 7.17</a> million years ago</span>. The <a href="/wiki/Sister_group" title="Sister group">sister group</a> comprising <a href="/wiki/Saltwater_crocodile" title="Saltwater crocodile">saltwater crocodile</a> (<i>C. porosus</i>), <a href="/wiki/Siamese_crocodile" title="Siamese crocodile">Siamese crocodile</a> (<i>C. siamensis</i>) and mugger crocodile diverged about <span class="nourlexpansion plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geoltime.github.io/?Ma=11.65–6.52">11.65 to 6.52</a> million years ago</span>. The latter diverged from this group about <span class="nourlexpansion plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geoltime.github.io/?Ma=8.91–4.19">8.91 to 4.19</a> million years ago</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Oaks2011_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oaks2011-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Paleogenomics" title="Paleogenomics">paleogenomics</a> analysis indicated that <i>Crocodylus</i> likely originated in Africa and <a href="/wiki/Radiation_(evolution)" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiation (evolution)">radiated</a> towards Southeast Asia and the Americas, diverging from its closest recent relative, the extinct <i><a href="/wiki/Voay" title="Voay">Voay</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>, around <span class="nourlexpansion plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geoltime.github.io/?Ma=25">25</a> million years ago</span> near the <a href="/wiki/Oligocene" title="Oligocene">Oligocene</a>/<a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a> boundary.<sup id="cite_ref-Hekkala2021_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hekkala2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within <i>Crocodylus</i>, the mugger crocodile's closest <a href="/wiki/Extant_taxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Extant taxon">living</a> relatives are the Siamese crocodile and the saltwater crocodile.<sup id="cite_ref-Gatesy2008_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gatesy2008-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Srikulnath2015_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Srikulnath2015-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LeeYates2018_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeeYates2018-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hekkala2021_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hekkala2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fossil" title="Fossil">Fossil</a> crocodile specimens excavated in the <a href="/wiki/Sivalik_Hills" title="Sivalik Hills">Sivalik Hills</a> closely resemble the mugger crocodile in the shortness of the <a href="/wiki/Premaxillae" class="mw-redirect" title="Premaxillae">premaxillae</a> and in the form of the nasal openings.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>’s <a href="/wiki/Prakasam_district" title="Prakasam district">Prakasam district</a>, a 30.6 cm (12.0 in) long fossilized <a href="/wiki/Skull" title="Skull">skull</a> of a mugger crocodile was found in a <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_ash" title="Volcanic ash">volcanic ash</a> bed that probably dates to the <a href="/wiki/Late_Pleistocene" title="Late Pleistocene">late Pleistocene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus_palaeindicus" title="Crocodylus palaeindicus">Crocodylus palaeindicus</a></i> from <a href="/wiki/Late_Pliocene" class="mw-redirect" title="Late Pliocene">late Pliocene</a> <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">sediments</a> in the Sivalik Hills is thought to be an <a href="/wiki/Ancestor" title="Ancestor">ancestor</a> of the mugger crocodile.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fossil remains of <i>C. palaeindicus</i> were also excavated in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Bagan" title="Bagan">Bagan</a> in central <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216315873">.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery{display:table;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery>div{line-height:1.5em;padding:0.2em 0.4em;border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery div.main-caption{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;border:none}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery div.main-footer{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery div.main-content{display:table}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery table.gallery-element{float:left!important;border:1px none;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:5px;margin:1px;border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery div.gallery-element{float:left;border:1px none;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:5px;margin:1px;border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery .no-border{border:none}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery table.gallery-element.vertical{float:none}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery table.gallery-element caption.caption{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;border:none}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery table.gallery-element th.header{text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery table.gallery-element td.cladogram{padding:10px;margin:-1px 0}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery table.gallery-element td.footer{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery div.header.shading{background-color:#eaecf0}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery div.cladogram.shading{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output div.clade-gallery div.footer.shading{background-color:#f8f9fa}</style><div class="clade-gallery" style="float:left"><div class="main-caption">Phylogenetic relationships of the mugger crocodile based on</div><div class="main-content no-border"><table class="gallery-element" style="width:400px;;"><tbody><tr class="header"><th>analysis of 12 concatenated <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA" title="Mitochondrial DNA">mitochondrial DNA</a> sequences<sup id="cite_ref-Oaks2011_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oaks2011-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Meredith_al2011_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meredith_al2011-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><td class="cladogram"> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261294616">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto;display:table}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf p{padding-right:5px;padding-left:2px}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR p{padding-left:5px;padding-right:2px}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse p{padding-left:5px;padding-right:2px}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade" style="font-size:90%; line-height:85%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><i>Crocodylus</i>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/American_crocodile" title="American crocodile">American crocodile</a> (<i>C. acutus</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Orinoco_crocodile" title="Orinoco crocodile">Orinoco crocodile</a> (<i>C. intermedius</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Cuban_crocodile" title="Cuban crocodile">Cuban crocodile</a> (<i>C. rhombifer</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Morelet%27s_crocodile" title="Morelet's crocodile">Morelet's crocodile</a> (<i>C. moreletii</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Nile_crocodile" title="Nile crocodile">Nile crocodile</a> (<i>C. niloticus</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Saltwater crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><b>Mugger crocodile</b> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Siamese crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea_crocodile" title="New Guinea crocodile">New Guinea crocodile</a> (<i>C. novaeguineae</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Philippine_crocodile" title="Philippine crocodile">Philippine crocodile</a> (<i>C. mindorensis</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Freshwater crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table class="gallery-element" style="width:400px;;"><tbody><tr class="header"><th>based on <a href="/wiki/Illumina_sequencing" class="mw-redirect" title="Illumina sequencing">Illumina sequencing</a> of mitogenomes<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><td class="cladogram"> <div class="clade"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade" style="font-size:90%; line-height:85%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><i>Crocodylus</i>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Orinoco crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>American crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Cuban crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Morelet's crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Nile crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><b>Mugger crocodile</b> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Siamese crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Saltwater crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>New Guinea crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Philippine crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Freshwater crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <p>Below <a href="/wiki/Cladogram" title="Cladogram">cladogram</a> is from a <a href="/wiki/Tip_dating" title="Tip dating">tip dating</a> study, for which <a href="/wiki/Morphology_(biology)" title="Morphology (biology)">morphological</a>, molecular <a href="/wiki/DNA_sequencing" title="DNA sequencing">DNA sequencing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stratigraphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Stratigraphic">stratigraphic</a> <a href="/wiki/Fossil" title="Fossil">fossil</a> age data were simultaneously used to establish the inter-relationships within <a href="/wiki/Crocodylidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Crocodylidae">Crocodylidae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LeeYates2018_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeeYates2018-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This cladogram was revised in a paleogenomics study.<sup id="cite_ref-Hekkala2021_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hekkala2021-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade" style="font-size:85%;line-height:85%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><b>Crocodylidae</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/Osteolaeminae" title="Osteolaeminae">Osteolaeminae</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/West_African_slender-snouted_crocodile" title="West African slender-snouted crocodile">West African slender-snouted crocodile</a> <i>Mecistops cataphractus</i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Euthecodon" title="Euthecodon">Euthecodon</a></i><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Brochuchus" title="Brochuchus">Brochuchus</a></i><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Rimasuchus" title="Rimasuchus">Rimasuchus</a></i><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Osborn%E2%80%99s_dwarf_crocodile" class="mw-redirect" title="Osborn’s dwarf crocodile">Osborn’s dwarf crocodile</a> <i>Osteolaemus osborni</i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_crocodile" title="Dwarf crocodile">Dwarf crocodile</a> <i>Osteolaemus tetraspis</i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Crocodylinae" title="Crocodylinae">Crocodylinae</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Voay" title="Voay">Voay</a></i><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><i>Crocodylus</i> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus_anthropophagus" title="Crocodylus anthropophagus">Crocodylus anthropophagus</a></i><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus_thorbjarnarsoni" title="Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni">Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni</a></i><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus_palaeindicus" title="Crocodylus palaeindicus">Crocodylus palaeindicus</a></i><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i>Crocodylus</i> Tirari Desert<abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">Asia+Australia </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Freshwater crocodile <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Freshwater_crocodile_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Freshwater_crocodile_white_background.jpg/70px-Freshwater_crocodile_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Freshwater_crocodile_white_background.jpg/105px-Freshwater_crocodile_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Freshwater_crocodile_white_background.jpg/140px-Freshwater_crocodile_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1170" data-file-height="264" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>New Guinea crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Philippine crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Saltwater crocodile <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crocodylus_porosus_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Crocodylus_porosus_white_background.jpg/80px-Crocodylus_porosus_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Crocodylus_porosus_white_background.jpg/120px-Crocodylus_porosus_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Crocodylus_porosus_white_background.jpg/160px-Crocodylus_porosus_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="242" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Siamese crocodile <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Siamese_Crocodile_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Siamese_Crocodile_white_background.jpg/50px-Siamese_Crocodile_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Siamese_Crocodile_white_background.jpg/75px-Siamese_Crocodile_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Siamese_Crocodile_white_background.jpg/100px-Siamese_Crocodile_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1672" data-file-height="522" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><b>Mugger crocodile</b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mugger_crocodile_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mugger_crocodile_white_background.jpg/70px-Mugger_crocodile_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mugger_crocodile_white_background.jpg/105px-Mugger_crocodile_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mugger_crocodile_white_background.jpg/140px-Mugger_crocodile_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="127" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">Africa+New World </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus_checchiai" title="Crocodylus checchiai">Crocodylus checchiai</a></i><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus_falconensis" title="Crocodylus falconensis">Crocodylus falconensis</a></i><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/West_African_crocodile" title="West African crocodile">West African crocodile</a> <i>C. suchus</i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Nile crocodile <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nile_crocodile_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Nile_crocodile_white_background.jpg/70px-Nile_crocodile_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Nile_crocodile_white_background.jpg/105px-Nile_crocodile_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Nile_crocodile_white_background.jpg/140px-Nile_crocodile_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="232" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">New World </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Morelet's crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Cuban crocodile <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cuban_crocodile_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cuban_crocodile_white_background.jpg/50px-Cuban_crocodile_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cuban_crocodile_white_background.jpg/75px-Cuban_crocodile_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cuban_crocodile_white_background.jpg/100px-Cuban_crocodile_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="243" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>Orinoco crocodile </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>American crocodile <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:American_crocodile_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/American_crocodile_white_background.jpg/70px-American_crocodile_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/American_crocodile_white_background.jpg/105px-American_crocodile_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/American_crocodile_white_background.jpg/140px-American_crocodile_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="397" data-file-height="86" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">(<a href="/wiki/Crown_group" title="Crown group">crown group</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Croc.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Croc.png/200px-Croc.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Croc.png/300px-Croc.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Croc.png/400px-Croc.png 2x" data-file-width="628" data-file-height="973" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Illustration of mugger crocodile skull</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crocodylus_palustris_teeth.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Crocodylus_palustris_teeth.PNG/200px-Crocodylus_palustris_teeth.PNG" decoding="async" width="200" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Crocodylus_palustris_teeth.PNG/300px-Crocodylus_palustris_teeth.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Crocodylus_palustris_teeth.PNG/400px-Crocodylus_palustris_teeth.PNG 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="241" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Illustration of mugger dentition</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Mugger crocodile hatchlings are pale olive with black spots. Adults are dark olive to grey or brown. The head is rough without any ridges and has large <a href="/wiki/Scute" title="Scute">scutes</a> around the neck that is well separated from the back. Scutes usually form four, rarely six longitudinal series and 16 or 17 transverse series. The limbs have <a href="/wiki/Keeled_scales" title="Keeled scales">keeled scales</a> with <a href="/wiki/Serrated" class="mw-redirect" title="Serrated">serrated</a> fringes on outer edges, and outer toes are extensively webbed. The snout is slightly longer than broad with 19 upper teeth on each side. The <a href="/wiki/Symphysis" title="Symphysis">symphysis</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mandibular" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandibular">lower jaw</a> extends to the level of the fourth or fifth tooth. The <a href="/wiki/Premaxilla" title="Premaxilla">premaxillary</a> <a href="/wiki/Suture_(anatomy)" title="Suture (anatomy)">suture</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Palate_(bones)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palate (bones)">palate</a> is nearly straight or curved forwards, and the <a href="/wiki/Nasal_bone" title="Nasal bone">nasal bones</a> separate the premaxilla above.<sup id="cite_ref-Boulenger_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boulenger-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The mugger crocodile is considered a medium-sized crocodilian, but has the broadest <a href="/wiki/Snout" title="Snout">snout</a> among <a href="/wiki/Extant_taxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Extant taxon">living</a> crocodiles.<sup id="cite_ref-Da_Silva_and_Lenin,_2010_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Da_Silva_and_Lenin,_2010-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has a powerful tail and webbed feet. Its <a href="/wiki/Visual_acuity" title="Visual acuity">visual</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hearing_(sense)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hearing (sense)">hearing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Smelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Smelling">smelling</a> senses are acute.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker1984_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker1984-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adult female muggers are 2 to 2.5 m (6 ft 7 in to 8 ft 2 in) on average, and male muggers measure between 3 to 3.5 m (9 ft 10 in to 11 ft 6 in). They rarely grow up to 5 m (16 ft 5 in). The largest known muggers measured 5.63 m (18 ft 6 in).<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker1984_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker1984-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest <a href="/wiki/Zoological_specimen" title="Zoological specimen">zoological specimen</a> in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum_of_Natural_History" class="mw-redirect" title="British Museum of Natural History">British Museum of Natural History</a> measures 3.7 m (12 ft 2 in).<sup id="cite_ref-Boulenger_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boulenger-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One male mugger caught in Pakistan of about 3 m (9 ft 10 in) weighed 195 kg (430 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One individual weighing 207 kg (456 lb) had a <a href="/wiki/Bite_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Bite force">bite force</a> of 7,295 <a href="/wiki/Newton_(unit)" title="Newton (unit)">N</a> (1,640 <a href="/wiki/Pound_(force)" title="Pound (force)">lb<sub>f</sub></a>).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_habitat">Distribution and habitat</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mugger_crocodile_(Gando)_in_Chabahar,_Iran-_by_Hadi_Karimi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Mugger_crocodile_%28Gando%29_in_Chabahar%2C_Iran-_by_Hadi_Karimi.jpg/200px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Gando%29_in_Chabahar%2C_Iran-_by_Hadi_Karimi.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Mugger_crocodile_%28Gando%29_in_Chabahar%2C_Iran-_by_Hadi_Karimi.jpg/300px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Gando%29_in_Chabahar%2C_Iran-_by_Hadi_Karimi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Mugger_crocodile_%28Gando%29_in_Chabahar%2C_Iran-_by_Hadi_Karimi.jpg/400px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Gando%29_in_Chabahar%2C_Iran-_by_Hadi_Karimi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3606" data-file-height="1483" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Mugger crocodiles in <a href="/wiki/Chabahar_County" title="Chabahar County">Chabahar County</a>, Iran</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mugger_Chitwan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Mugger_Chitwan.jpg/200px-Mugger_Chitwan.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Mugger_Chitwan.jpg/300px-Mugger_Chitwan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Mugger_Chitwan.jpg/400px-Mugger_Chitwan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A mugger basking in Chitwan National Park, Nepal</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Front_View_of_a_Crocodile_in_the_banks_of_Vashishti_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Front_View_of_a_Crocodile_in_the_banks_of_Vashishti_River.jpg/200px-Front_View_of_a_Crocodile_in_the_banks_of_Vashishti_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Front_View_of_a_Crocodile_in_the_banks_of_Vashishti_River.jpg/300px-Front_View_of_a_Crocodile_in_the_banks_of_Vashishti_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Front_View_of_a_Crocodile_in_the_banks_of_Vashishti_River.jpg/400px-Front_View_of_a_Crocodile_in_the_banks_of_Vashishti_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1999" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A mugger on the banks of <a href="/wiki/Vashishti_River" title="Vashishti River">Vashishti River</a>, Maharashtra</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crocodile_in_Maltj,_Gujarat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Crocodile_in_Maltj%2C_Gujarat.jpg/200px-Crocodile_in_Maltj%2C_Gujarat.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Crocodile_in_Maltj%2C_Gujarat.jpg/300px-Crocodile_in_Maltj%2C_Gujarat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Crocodile_in_Maltj%2C_Gujarat.jpg/400px-Crocodile_in_Maltj%2C_Gujarat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Mugger in Malataj, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>The mugger crocodile occurs in southern Iran, Pakistan, Nepal, India and Sri Lanka up to an elevation of 420 m (1,380 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It inhabits freshwater lakes, rivers and marshes, and prefers slow-moving, shallow water bodies. It also thrives in artificial <a href="/wiki/Reservoir" title="Reservoir">reservoirs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a> <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Da_Silva_and_Lenin,_2010_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Da_Silva_and_Lenin,_2010-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Iran, the mugger occurs along rivers in <a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistan and Baluchestan Province">Sistan and Baluchestan Provinces</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Pakistan_border" title="Iran–Pakistan border">Iran–Pakistan border</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A population of around 200 mugger crocodiles lives on the Iranian <a href="/wiki/Makran" title="Makran">Makran</a> coast near <a href="/wiki/Chabahar" title="Chabahar">Chabahar</a>. Due to human activity and a long <a href="/wiki/Drought" title="Drought">drought</a> in the late 1990s and early 2000s, it had been pushed to the brink of <a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">extinction</a>. Following several <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclones" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical cyclones">tropical cyclones</a> in 2007 and 2010, much of the habitat of the mugger crocodiles has been restored as formerly dry lakes and <a href="/wiki/Hamun" title="Hamun">hamuns</a> were flooded again.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Pakistan, a small population lives in 21 ponds around <a href="/wiki/Dasht_River" title="Dasht River">Dasht River</a>; in the winter of 2007–08, 99 individuals were counted. By 2017, the population had declined to 25 individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Sindh_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindh Province">Sindh Province</a>, small mugger populations occur in wetlands of Deh Akro 2 and <a href="/wiki/Nara_Desert_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Nara Desert Wildlife Sanctuary">Nara Desert</a> Wildlife Sanctuaries, near <a href="/wiki/Chotiari_Dam" title="Chotiari Dam">Chotiari Dam</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Nara_Canal" title="Nara Canal">Nara Canal</a> and around <a href="/wiki/Haleji_lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Haleji lake">Haleji lake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chang_al2012_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chang_al2012-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Nepal's <a href="/wiki/Terai" title="Terai">Terai</a>, it occurs in the wetlands of <a href="/wiki/Shuklaphanta_National_Park" title="Shuklaphanta National Park">Shuklaphanta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bardia_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Bardia National Park">Bardia National Parks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghodaghodi_Tal" title="Ghodaghodi Tal">Ghodaghodi Tal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chitwan_National_Park" title="Chitwan National Park">Chitwan National Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Koshi_Tappu_Wildlife_Reserve" title="Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve">Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bhattarai2016_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhattarai2016-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Khadka_al2014_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Khadka_al2014-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In India, it occurs in: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken River">Ken</a> and <a href="/wiki/Son_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Son River">Son Rivers</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/Ranthambore_National_Park" title="Ranthambore National Park">Ranthambore National Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2003_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Vishwamitri_River" title="Vishwamitri River">Vishwamitri River</a><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and several reservoirs and lakes in <a href="/wiki/Kutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutch">Kutch</a><sup id="cite_ref-Vyas2019_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vyas2019-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a>'s <a href="/wiki/National_Chambal_Sanctuary" title="National Chambal Sanctuary">National Chambal Sanctuary</a><sup id="cite_ref-Sharma_al2015_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sharma_al2015-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Rajaji_National_Park" title="Rajaji National Park">Rajaji National Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corbett_Tiger_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Corbett Tiger Reserve">Corbett Tiger Reserve</a> and Lansdowne Forest Division<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Uttar Pradesh's <a href="/wiki/Katarniaghat_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary">Katarniaghat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kishanpur_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary">Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuaries</a><sup id="cite_ref-Choudhary_al2018_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Choudhary_al2018-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Odisha's <a href="/wiki/Simlipal_National_Park" title="Simlipal National Park">Simlipal National Park</a> and along <a href="/wiki/Mahanadi" title="Mahanadi">Mahanadi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sabari_River" title="Sabari River">Sabari Rivers</a><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, 82 individuals were recorded in the river systems of Simlipal National Park.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Telangana's <a href="/wiki/Manjira_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Manjira Wildlife Sanctuary">Manjira Wildlife Sanctuary</a><sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2003_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>'s Kadavi and Warna Rivers,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Savitri_River" title="Savitri River">Savitri River</a> in <a href="/wiki/Raigad_district" title="Raigad district">Raigad District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Goa's <a href="/wiki/Salaulim_Dam" title="Salaulim Dam">Salaulim Reservoir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zuari_River" title="Zuari River">Zuari River</a> and in small lakes<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2003_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Karnataka along <a href="/wiki/Kaveri_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaveri River">Kaveri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kabini_River" title="Kabini River">Kabini Rivers</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Ranganthittu_Bird_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranganthittu Bird Sanctuary">Ranganthittu Bird Sanctuary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nagarhole_National_Park" title="Nagarhole National Park">Nagarhole National Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tungabhadra_Dam" title="Tungabhadra Dam">Tungabhadra Reservoir</a><sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2003_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kerala's <a href="/wiki/Parambikulam_Dam" title="Parambikulam Dam">Parambikulam Reservoir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neyyar_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary">Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary</a><sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2003_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Tamil Nadu's <a href="/wiki/Amaravathi_Reservoir" class="mw-redirect" title="Amaravathi Reservoir">Amaravathi Reservoir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moyar_River" title="Moyar River">Moyar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kaveri" title="Kaveri">Kaveri</a> rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2003_33-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In Sri Lanka, it occurs in <a href="/wiki/Wilpattu_National_Park" title="Wilpattu National Park">Wilpattu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yala_National_Park" title="Yala National Park">Yala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bundala_National_Park" title="Bundala National Park">Bundala National Parks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Da_Silva_and_Lenin,_2010_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Da_Silva_and_Lenin,_2010-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2007_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2007-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1991 and 1996, it was recorded in another 102 localities.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, it was historically present in the northern parts of the <a href="/wiki/Sundarbans" title="Sundarbans">Sundarbans</a>, where four to five captive individuals survived in an artificial pond by the 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is possibly <a href="/wiki/Locally_extinct" class="mw-redirect" title="Locally extinct">locally extinct</a> in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>, it became extinct in the late 1960s, but a few captive-bred individuals were released in the <a href="/wiki/Manas_River" title="Manas River">Manas River</a> in the late 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2003_33-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered locally extinct in <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behaviour_and_ecology">Behaviour and ecology</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mugger_crocodile_(Crocodylus_palustris)_walking.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_walking.jpg/200px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_walking.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_walking.jpg/300px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_walking.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_walking.jpg/400px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29_walking.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4677" data-file-height="2338" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Mugger walking, Sri Lanka</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:17163785991_Jpg_(106032341).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/17163785991_Jpg_%28106032341%29.jpeg/200px-17163785991_Jpg_%28106032341%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/17163785991_Jpg_%28106032341%29.jpeg/300px-17163785991_Jpg_%28106032341%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/17163785991_Jpg_%28106032341%29.jpeg/400px-17163785991_Jpg_%28106032341%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mugger_crocodile_(Crocodylus_palustris).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29.jpg/200px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29.jpg/300px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29.jpg/400px-Mugger_crocodile_%28Crocodylus_palustris%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5100" data-file-height="3400" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Muggers basking on sand banks</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The mugger crocodile is a powerful swimmer that uses its tail and hind feet to move forward, change direction and submerge. It belly-walks, with its belly touching ground, at the bottom of waterbodies and on land. During the hot dry season, it walks over land at night to find suitable wetlands and spends most of the day submerged in water. During the cold season it basks on riverbanks, individuals are tolerant of others during this period. <a href="/wiki/Territorial_behaviour" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial behaviour">Territorial behaviour</a> increases during the mating season.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker1984_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker1984-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like all crocodilians, the mugger crocodile is a <a href="/wiki/Thermoconformer" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermoconformer">thermoconformer</a> and has an optimal body temperature of 30 to 35 °C (86 to 95 °F) and risks dying of freezing or <a href="/wiki/Hyperthermia" title="Hyperthermia">hyperthermia</a> when exposed to temperatures below 5 °C (41 °F) or above 38 °C (100 °F), respectively. It digs burrows to retreat from extreme temperatures and other harsh climatic conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Burrows are between 0.6 and 6 m (2.0 and 19.7 ft) deep, with entrances above the water level and a chamber at the end that is big enough to allow the mugger to turn around.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker1984_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker1984-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Temperatures inside remains constant at 19.2 to 29 °C (66.6 to 84.2 °F), depending on region.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2007_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2007-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hunting_and_diet">Hunting and diet</h3></div> <p>The mugger crocodile preys on fish, <a href="/wiki/Snake" title="Snake">snakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turtle" title="Turtle">turtles</a>, birds and mammals including <a href="/wiki/Monkey" title="Monkey">monkeys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Squirrel" title="Squirrel">squirrels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">rodents</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otter" title="Otter">otters</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">dogs</a>. It also <a href="/wiki/Scavenger" title="Scavenger">scavenges</a> on dead animals. During dry seasons, muggers walk many kilometers over land in search of water and prey.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker1989_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker1989-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hatchlings feed mainly on insects such as <a href="/wiki/Beetle" title="Beetle">beetles</a>, but also on <a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">crabs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shrimp" title="Shrimp">shrimp</a> and on <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">vertebrates</a> later on.<sup id="cite_ref-McCann1935_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCann1935-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bhatnagar_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhatnagar-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It seizes and drags potential prey approaching watersides into the water, when the opportunity arises. Adult muggers were observed feeding on a <a href="/wiki/Lissemys" title="Lissemys">flapshell turtle</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Tortoise" title="Tortoise">tortoise</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subadult and adult muggers favour fish, but also prey on small to medium-sized <a href="/wiki/Ungulate" title="Ungulate">ungulates</a> up to the size of <a href="/wiki/Chital" title="Chital">chital</a> (<i>Axis axis</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Bardia National Park, a mugger was observed caching a chital kill beneath the roots of a tree and returning to its basking site. A part of the deer was still wedged among the roots on the next day.<sup id="cite_ref-Bhattarai2016_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhattarai2016-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muggers have also been observed while preying and feeding on a <a href="/wiki/Python_(genus)" title="Python (genus)">python</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bhatnagar_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhatnagar-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the Chambal River, muggers have attacked <a href="/wiki/Water_buffalo" title="Water buffalo">water buffaloes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">goats</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Yala_National_Park" title="Yala National Park">Yala National Park</a>, a mugger was observed killing a large <a href="/wiki/Indian_pangolin" title="Indian pangolin">Indian pangolin</a> (<i>Manis crassicaudata</i>), of which it devoured pieces over several hours.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tool_use">Tool use</h3></div> <p>Mugger crocodiles have been documented using lures to hunt birds.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This means they are among the first reptiles recorded to <a href="/wiki/Tool_use_by_animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Tool use by animals">use tools</a>. By balancing sticks and branches on their heads, they lure birds that are looking for nesting material. This strategy is particularly effective during the nesting season.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reproduction">Reproduction</h3></div> <p>Female muggers obtain <a href="/wiki/Sexual_maturity" title="Sexual maturity">sexual maturity</a> at a body length of around 1.8–2.2 m (5 ft 11 in – 7 ft 3 in) at the age of about 6.5 years, and males at around 2.6 m (8 ft 6 in) body length. The <a href="/wiki/Reproduction_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reproduction (biology)">reproduction</a> cycle starts earliest in November at the onset of the cold season with courtship and mating. Between February and June, females dig 35–56 cm (14–22 in) deep holes for nesting between 1 and 2,000 m (3 ft 3 in and 6,561 ft 8 in) away from the waterside. They lay up to two <a href="/wiki/Clutch_(eggs)" title="Clutch (eggs)">clutches</a> with 8 –46 eggs each. Eggs weigh 128 g (4.5 oz) on average. Laying of one clutch usually takes less than half an hour. Thereafter, females scrape sand over the nest to close it. Males have been observed to assist females in digging and protecting nest sites. Hatching season is two months later, between April and June in south India, and in Sri Lanka between August and September. Then females excavate the young, pick them up in their snouts and take them to the water. Both females and males protect the young for up to one year.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker1984_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker1984-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker1989_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker1989-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Healthy hatchlings develop at a temperature range of 28–33 °C (82–91 °F). Sex ratio of hatched eggs depends on incubation temperature and exposure of nests to sunshine. Only females develop at constant temperatures of 28–31 °C (82–88 °F), and only males at 32.5 °C (90.5 °F). Percentage of females in a clutch decreases at constant temperatures between 32.6 and 33 °C (90.7 and 91.4 °F), and of males between 31 and 32.4 °C (87.8 and 90.3 °F). Temperature in natural nests is not constant but varies between nights and days. Foremost females hatch in natural early nests when initial temperature inside nests ranges between 26.4 and 28.9 °C (79.5 and 84.0 °F). The percentage of male hatchlings increases in late nests located in sunny sites.<sup id="cite_ref-Lang_al1989_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lang_al1989-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hatchlings are 26–31 cm (10–12 in) long and weigh 75 g (2.6 oz) on average when one month old. They grow about 4.25 cm (1.67 in) per month and reach a body length of 90–170 cm (35–67 in) when two years old.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker1984_20-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker1984-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sympatric_predators">Sympatric predators</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tigermugger.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Tigermugger.png/200px-Tigermugger.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Tigermugger.png/300px-Tigermugger.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Tigermugger.png/400px-Tigermugger.png 2x" data-file-width="561" data-file-height="481" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Mugger crocodile attacking a tiger, 1901<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_male_tiger_with_huge_crocodile_at_Rajbaugh,_Ranthambhore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/A_male_tiger_with_huge_crocodile_at_Rajbaugh%2C_Ranthambhore.jpg/200px-A_male_tiger_with_huge_crocodile_at_Rajbaugh%2C_Ranthambhore.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/A_male_tiger_with_huge_crocodile_at_Rajbaugh%2C_Ranthambhore.jpg/300px-A_male_tiger_with_huge_crocodile_at_Rajbaugh%2C_Ranthambhore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/A_male_tiger_with_huge_crocodile_at_Rajbaugh%2C_Ranthambhore.jpg/400px-A_male_tiger_with_huge_crocodile_at_Rajbaugh%2C_Ranthambhore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A mugger crocodile and a tiger in Ranthambore National Park</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The distribution of the mugger crocodile overlaps with that of the saltwater crocodile in a few coastal areas, but it barely enters <a href="/wiki/Brackish_water" title="Brackish water">brackish water</a> and prefers shallow waterways.<sup id="cite_ref-Da_Silva_and_Lenin,_2010_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Da_Silva_and_Lenin,_2010-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WhitakerDaniel1980_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WhitakerDaniel1980-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Singh2006_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singh2006-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is an <a href="/wiki/Apex_predator" title="Apex predator">apex predator</a> in freshwater ecosystems.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is <a href="/wiki/Sympatric" class="mw-redirect" title="Sympatric">sympatric</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Gharial" title="Gharial">gharial</a> (<i>Gavialis gangeticus</i>) in the Rapti and <a href="/wiki/Narayani_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Narayani River">Narayani Rivers</a>, in the eastern Mahanadi, and in <a href="/wiki/Tributary" title="Tributary">tributaries</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a> rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-Khadka_al2014_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Khadka_al2014-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sharma_al2015_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sharma_al2015-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bengal_tiger" title="Bengal tiger">Bengal tiger</a> (<i>Panthera tigris tigris</i>) occasionally fights mugger crocodiles off prey and rarely preys on adult mugger crocodiles in Ranthambore National Park.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_lion" title="Asiatic lion">Asiatic lion</a> (<i>Panthera leo leo</i>) can sometimes prey on crocodiles on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Kamleshwar_Dam" title="Kamleshwar Dam">Kamleshwar Dam</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gir_National_Park" title="Gir National Park">Gir National Park</a> during dry, hot months.<sup id="cite_ref-Mitra2005_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mitra2005-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Threats">Threats</h2></div> <p>The mugger crocodile is threatened by <a href="/wiki/Habitat_destruction" title="Habitat destruction">habitat destruction</a> because of conversion of natural habitats for agricultural and industrial use. As humans encroach into its habitat, the incidents of conflict increase. Muggers are entangled in fishing equipment and drown, and are killed in areas where fishermen perceive them as competition.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Major wetlands in Pakistan were <a href="/wiki/Drainage" title="Drainage">drained</a> in the 1990s by dams and channels to funnel natural streams and <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_runoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural runoff">agricultural runoffs</a> into rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitaker_al2003_33-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitaker_al2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Gujarat, two muggers were found killed, one in 2015 with the tail cut off and internal organs missing; the other in 2017, also with the tail cut off. The missing body parts indicate that the crocodiles were sacrificed in <a href="/wiki/Superstitious" class="mw-redirect" title="Superstitious">superstitious</a> practices or used as <a href="/wiki/Aphrodisiac" title="Aphrodisiac">aphrodisiacs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 2005 and 2018, 38 mugger crocodiles were victims of traffic accidents on roads and railway tracks in Gujarat; 29 were found dead, four died during treatment, and five were returned to the wild after medical care.<sup id="cite_ref-Vyas2019_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vyas2019-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, a dead mugger was found on a railway track in Rajasthan.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservation">Conservation</h2></div> <p>The mugger crocodile is listed in <a href="/wiki/CITES_Appendix_I" class="mw-redirect" title="CITES Appendix I">CITES Appendix I</a>, hence international commercial trade is prohibited. It has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1982. By 2013, less than 8,700 mature individuals were estimated to live in the wild and no population unit to comprise more than 1,000 individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In India, it has been protected since 1972 under Schedule I of the <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_Protection_Act,_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife Protection Act, 1972">Wildlife Protection Act, 1972</a>, which prohibits catching, killing and transporting a crocodile without a permit; offenders face <a href="/wiki/Imprisonment" title="Imprisonment">imprisonment</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Fine_(penalty)" title="Fine (penalty)">fine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WhitakerDaniel1980_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WhitakerDaniel1980-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Sri Lanka, it was listed in Schedule IV of the Fauna & Flora Protection Ordinance in 1946, which allowed for shooting one crocodile with a permit. Today, it is strictly protected, but <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Law enforcement in Sri Lanka">law enforcement in Sri Lanka</a> is lacking.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Iran, the mugger crocodile is listed as endangered and has been legally protected since 2013; capturing and killing a crocodile is punished with a fine of 100 million <a href="/wiki/Iranian_rial" title="Iranian rial">Iranian rials</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rastegar2015_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rastegar2015-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since large muggers occasionally take <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a>, this leads to conflict with local people living close to mugger habitat. In Maharashtra, local people are compensated for loss of close relatives and livestock.<sup id="cite_ref-Bhatnagar_54-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhatnagar-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local people in Baluchestan respect the mugger crocodile as a water living creature and do not harm it. If an individual kills livestock, the owner is compensated for the loss. The mugger crocodile is <a href="/wiki/Species_translocation" title="Species translocation">translocated</a> in severe conflict cases.<sup id="cite_ref-Rastegar2015_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rastegar2015-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A total of 1,193 captive bred muggers were released to restock populations in 28 protected areas in India between 1978 and 1992. Production of new offspring was halted by the Indian Government in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_culture">In culture</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Makara_-_Sandstone_-_Circa_2nd_Century_BCE_-_Bharhut_-_ACCN_UR177_-_Indian_Museum_-_Kolkata_2014-02-14_9258.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Makara_-_Sandstone_-_Circa_2nd_Century_BCE_-_Bharhut_-_ACCN_UR177_-_Indian_Museum_-_Kolkata_2014-02-14_9258.JPG/220px-Makara_-_Sandstone_-_Circa_2nd_Century_BCE_-_Bharhut_-_ACCN_UR177_-_Indian_Museum_-_Kolkata_2014-02-14_9258.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Makara_-_Sandstone_-_Circa_2nd_Century_BCE_-_Bharhut_-_ACCN_UR177_-_Indian_Museum_-_Kolkata_2014-02-14_9258.JPG/330px-Makara_-_Sandstone_-_Circa_2nd_Century_BCE_-_Bharhut_-_ACCN_UR177_-_Indian_Museum_-_Kolkata_2014-02-14_9258.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Makara_-_Sandstone_-_Circa_2nd_Century_BCE_-_Bharhut_-_ACCN_UR177_-_Indian_Museum_-_Kolkata_2014-02-14_9258.JPG/440px-Makara_-_Sandstone_-_Circa_2nd_Century_BCE_-_Bharhut_-_ACCN_UR177_-_Indian_Museum_-_Kolkata_2014-02-14_9258.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5677" data-file-height="3925" /></a><figcaption>Makara on a beam from the Bharhut Stupa, now in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Museum,_Kolkata" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Museum, Kolkata">Indian Museum, Kolkata</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> word मकर '<a href="/wiki/Makara" title="Makara">makara</a>' refers to the crocodile and a mythical crocodile-like animal.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> word for crocodile is मगर 'magar'.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In English language, both names 'mugger' and 'magar' were used around the turn of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Kipling1895_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kipling1895-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The names 'marsh crocodile' and 'broad-snouted crocodile' have been used since the late 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The crocodile is acknowledged as the <a href="/wiki/Prototype" title="Prototype">prototype</a> of the makara and symbolises both the fructifying and the destructive powers of the rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the <a href="/wiki/Animal_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal vehicle">animal vehicle</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_deity" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic deity">Vedic deity</a> <a href="/wiki/Varuna" title="Varuna">Varuna</a> and of several nature spirits called <a href="/wiki/Yakshas" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakshas">yakshas</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Hindu mythology</a>, it represents <a href="/wiki/Virility" title="Virility">virility</a> as a vehicle of <a href="/wiki/Ganga_(goddess)" title="Ganga (goddess)">Ganga</a> and as an <a href="/wiki/Emblem" title="Emblem">emblem</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kamadeva" title="Kamadeva">Kamadeva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Stone_carving" title="Stone carving">stone carving</a> of a mugger crocodile was part of a beam of a gateway to the <a href="/wiki/Bharhut#Bharhut_stupa" title="Bharhut">Bharhut Stupa</a> built around 100 <a href="/wiki/Before_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Before Christ">BC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The traditional biography of the Indian saint <a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a> includes an incident where he is grabbed by a crocodile in the <a href="/wiki/Kalady" title="Kalady">Kaladi river</a>, which releases him only after his mother reluctantly let him choose the ascetic path of a <a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> saint <a href="/wiki/Pir_Mangho" title="Pir Mangho">Pīr Mango</a> is said to have taken care of crocodiles and created a stream to trickle out of a rock near <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> in the 13th century. This place was later walled around, and about 40 mugger crocodiles were kept in the reservoir called Magar Talao in the 1870s; they were fed by both <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindu</a> and Muslim <a href="/wiki/Pilgrim" class="mw-redirect" title="Pilgrim">pilgrims</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mugger crocodiles have also been kept in tanks near <a href="/wiki/Hindu_temples" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu temples">Hindu temples</a> built in the vicinity of rivers; these crocodiles are considered <a href="/wiki/Sacred" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred">sacred</a>. In the early 20th century, young married women fed the crocodiles in <a href="/wiki/Khan_Jahan_Ali%27s_Tank" title="Khan Jahan Ali's Tank">Khan Jahan Ali's Tank</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jessore" title="Jessore">Jessore</a> in the hope of being blessed with children.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Vasava" title="Vasava">Vasava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gamit" title="Gamit">Gamit</a> and Chodhri <a href="/wiki/Tribe" title="Tribe">tribes</a> in Gujarat <a href="/wiki/Worship" title="Worship">worship</a> the crocodile god Mogra Dev asking for children, good crops and <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a> yield of their cows. They carve wooden statues symbolising Mogra Dev and mount them on poles. Their offerings during the installation <a href="/wiki/Ceremony" title="Ceremony">ceremony</a> include <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>, milk, wine, heart and liver of a chicken, and a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Vermillion" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermillion">vermillion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut</a> fibres.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fatal attacks of mugger crocodiles on humans were documented in Gujarat and Maharasthra, but they rarely consumed the victims who died of <a href="/wiki/Drowning" title="Drowning">drowning</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A fable from the <a href="/wiki/Jataka_tales" title="Jataka tales">Jataka tales</a> of Buddhist traditions features a clever monkey outwitting a crocodile.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three folktales feature crocodiles and <a href="/wiki/Jackal" title="Jackal">jackals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A mugger crocodile is one of the characters in <i>The Undertakers</i>, a chapter of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Second_Jungle_Book" title="The Second Jungle Book">The Second Jungle Book</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kipling1895_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kipling1895-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Children%E2%80%99s_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Children’s book">children’s book</a> <i>Adventures of a Nepali Frog</i> features the character Mugger, the crocodile who lives by the Rapti River in Chitwan National Park.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crocodiles_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Crocodiles in India">Crocodiles in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reptiles_of_South_Asia" title="List of reptiles of South Asia">List of reptiles of South Asia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Rio2021-1"><span 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London: Luzac & Co. pp. 380–381.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Crocodile+and+the+Jackal&rft.btitle=Village+Folk-tales+of+Ceylon&rft.place=London&rft.pages=380-381&rft.pub=Luzac+%26+Co.&rft.date=1910&rft.au=Parker%2C+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FVillageFolk-talesOfCeylonV.1%2Fpage%2Fn387%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMugger+crocodile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDixit,_K._M.2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kanak_Mani_Dixit" title="Kanak Mani Dixit">Dixit, K. 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Lalitpur: Rato Bangala Kitab.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Adventures+of+a+Nepali+Frog&rft.place=Lalitpur&rft.pub=Rato+Bangala+Kitab&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Dixit%2C+K.+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vidyaonline.org%2Fdl%2Fnepalifrognew.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMugger+crocodile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Crocodylus_palustris" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Crocodylus palustris">Crocodylus palustris</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Crocodylus_palustris" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Crocodylus palustris">Crocodylus palustris</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/Mugger"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Mugger">"Mugger" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i>. 1905.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mugger&rft.btitle=New+International+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMugger+crocodile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Species <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species.php?genus=Crocodylus&species=palustris">Crocodylus palustris</a></i> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reptile-database.org/">The Reptile Database</a></li></ul> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=158098&is_real_user=1">"Crocodylus palustris Lesson 1831 (mugger crocodile)"</a>. <i>Paleobiology Database</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Paleobiology+Database&rft.atitle=Crocodylus+palustris+Lesson+1831+%28mugger+crocodile%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpaleobiodb.org%2Fclassic%2FcheckTaxonInfo%3Ftaxon_no%3D158098%26is_real_user%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMugger+crocodile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-47010656">"Crocodiles moved from world's tallest statue"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Crocodiles+moved+from+world%27s+tallest+statue&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-india-47010656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMugger+crocodile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mid-day.com/articles/eight-crocodiles-two-tortoises-australian-parrots-seized-two-held/19854170">"Eight Crocodiles, Two Tortoises, Australian Parrots Seized; Two Held"</a>. Mid-Day. 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Eight+Crocodiles%2C+Two+Tortoises%2C+Australian+Parrots+Seized%3B+Two+Held&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mid-day.com%2Farticles%2Feight-crocodiles-two-tortoises-australian-parrots-seized-two-held%2F19854170&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMugger+crocodile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/427272/Marsh-crocodiles-in-good-condition-in-Iran">"Marsh crocodiles in good condition in Iran"</a>. Tehran Times Daily Newspaper. 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Marsh+crocodiles+in+good+condition+in+Iran&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tehrantimes.com%2Fnews%2F427272%2FMarsh-crocodiles-in-good-condition-in-Iran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMugger+crocodile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson,_D.2011" class="citation news cs1">Nelson, D. (2011). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/india/8695915/Fifteen-foot-Bengali-crocodile-claims-king-of-jungle-title-from-tiger.html">"Fifteen-foot Bengali crocodile claims king of jungle title from tiger"</a></span>. The Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/india/8695915/Fifteen-foot-Bengali-crocodile-claims-king-of-jungle-title-from-tiger.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-01-12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fifteen-foot+Bengali+crocodile+claims+king+of+jungle+title+from+tiger&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Nelson%2C+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fasia%2Findia%2F8695915%2FFifteen-foot-Bengali-crocodile-claims-king-of-jungle-title-from-tiger.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMugger+crocodile" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extant_Crocodilian_species" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Crocodilia" title="Template:Crocodilia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Crocodilia" title="Template talk:Crocodilia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Crocodilia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Crocodilia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extant_Crocodilian_species" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant <a href="/wiki/Crocodilia" title="Crocodilia">Crocodilian</a> species</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">Reptilia</a></li> <li>(unranked): <a href="/wiki/Archosaur" title="Archosaur">Archosauria</a></li> <li>Superorder: <a href="/wiki/Crocodylomorpha" title="Crocodylomorpha">Crocodylomorpha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Alligatoridae_(Alligators_and_caimans)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Family <a href="/wiki/Alligatoridae" title="Alligatoridae">Alligatoridae</a> <small>(Alligators and caimans)</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alligatorinae" title="Alligatorinae">Alligatorinae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Alligators)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Alligator" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;height:4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Alligator" title="Alligator">Alligator</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_alligator" title="American alligator">American alligator (<i>A. mississippiensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_alligator" title="Chinese alligator">Chinese alligator (<i>A. sinensis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caiman" title="Caiman">Caimaninae</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Caimans)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Caiman_(genus)" title="Caiman (genus)">Caiman</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spectacled_caiman" title="Spectacled caiman">Spectacled caiman (<i>C. crocodilus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad-snouted_caiman" title="Broad-snouted caiman">Broad-snouted caiman (<i>C. latirostris</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yacare_caiman" title="Yacare caiman">Yacare caiman (<i>C. yacare</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Melanosuchus" title="Melanosuchus">Melanosuchus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_caiman" title="Black caiman">Black caiman (<i>M. niger</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Paleosuchus" title="Paleosuchus">Paleosuchus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuvier%27s_dwarf_caiman" title="Cuvier's dwarf caiman">Cuvier's dwarf caiman (<i>P. palpebrosus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smooth-fronted_caiman" title="Smooth-fronted caiman">Smooth-fronted caiman (<i>P. trigonatus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Crocodylidae_(True_crocodiles)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Family <a href="/wiki/Crocodile" title="Crocodile">Crocodylidae</a> <small>(True crocodiles)</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crocodylinae" title="Crocodylinae">Crocodylinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Crocodylus" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus" title="Crocodylus">Crocodylus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_crocodile" title="American crocodile">American crocodile (<i>C. acutus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus_halli" title="Crocodylus halli">Hall's New Guinea crocodile (<i>C. halli</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orinoco_crocodile" title="Orinoco crocodile">Orinoco crocodile (<i>C. intermedius</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freshwater_crocodile" title="Freshwater crocodile">Freshwater crocodile (<i>C. johnstoni</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_crocodile" title="Philippine crocodile">Philippine crocodile (<i>C. mindorensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morelet%27s_crocodile" title="Morelet's crocodile">Morelet's crocodile (<i>C. moreletii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile_crocodile" title="Nile crocodile">Nile crocodile (<i>C. niloticus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea_crocodile" title="New Guinea crocodile">New Guinea crocodile (<i>C. novaeguineae</i>)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mugger crocodile (<i>C. palustris</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltwater_crocodile" title="Saltwater crocodile">Saltwater crocodile (<i>C. porosus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodylus_raninus" title="Crocodylus raninus">Borneo crocodile (<i>C. raninus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_crocodile" title="Cuban crocodile">Cuban crocodile (<i>C. rhombifer</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siamese_crocodile" title="Siamese crocodile">Siamese crocodile (<i>C. siamensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_African_crocodile" title="West African crocodile">West African crocodile (<i>C. suchus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Osteolaeminae" title="Osteolaeminae">Osteolaeminae</a><br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Mecistops" title="Mecistops">Mecistops</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_African_slender-snouted_crocodile" title="West African slender-snouted crocodile">West African slender snouted crocodile (<i>Mecistops cataphractus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_slender-snouted_crocodile" title="Central African slender-snouted crocodile">Central African slender-snouted crocodile (<i>Mecistops leptorhynchus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Osteolaemus" title="Osteolaemus">Osteolaemus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_crocodile" title="Dwarf crocodile">Dwarf crocodile (<i>O. tetraspis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osteolaemus_osborni" title="Osteolaemus osborni">Osborn’s dwarf crocodile (<i>O. osborni</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Gavialidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Family <a href="/wiki/Gavialidae" title="Gavialidae">Gavialidae</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Gavialis" title="Gavialis">Gavialis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gharial" title="Gharial">Gharial (<i>G. gangeticus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Tomistoma" title="Tomistoma">Tomistoma</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/False_gharial" title="False gharial">False gharial (<i>T. schlegelii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Lizardicon.svg/32px-Lizardicon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Lizardicon.svg/48px-Lizardicon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Lizardicon.svg/64px-Lizardicon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="60" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Reptiles" title="Portal:Reptiles">Reptiles portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Related_articles_on_alligators,_caimans,_crocodiles_and_gharials" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Crocs" title="Template:Crocs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Crocs" title="Template talk:Crocs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Crocs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Crocs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Related_articles_on_alligators,_caimans,_crocodiles_and_gharials" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related articles on <a href="/wiki/Alligator" title="Alligator">alligators</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caiman" title="Caiman">caimans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crocodile" title="Crocodile">crocodiles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gharial" title="Gharial">gharials</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crocodilian_armor" title="Crocodilian armor">Crocodilian armor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foramen_of_Panizza" title="Foramen of Panizza">Foramen of Panizza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastralium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastralium">Gastralium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crurotarsan_genera" title="List of crurotarsan genera">List of crurotarsan genera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madras_Crocodile_Bank_Trust" title="Madras Crocodile Bank Trust">Madras Crocodile Bank Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Croc_Festival" title="The Croc Festival">The Croc Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Human<br />interaction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fatal_alligator_attacks_in_the_United_States" title="List of fatal alligator attacks in the United States">Fatal alligator attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_attack" title="Crocodile attack">Crocodile attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_farm" title="Crocodile farm">Crocodile farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_tears" title="Crocodile tears">Crocodile tears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Individual_crocodilians" title="Category:Individual crocodilians">Famous crocodiles and alligators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewer_alligator" title="Sewer alligator">Sewer alligator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Crocodylus palustris</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81207" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q81207">Q81207</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Crocodylus_palustris" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Crocodylus palustris">Crocodylus palustris</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Crocodylus_palustris/">Crocodylus_palustris</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/ZKNN">ZKNN</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/795277">795277</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2441350">2441350</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/26063">26063</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11044212">11044212</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=202196">202196</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/5667">5667</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=184238">184238</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/81492/">81492</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=458957">458957</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=158098">158098</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Reptile_Database" title="Reptile Database">RD</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?url_prefix=https%3A%2F%2Freptile-database.reptarium.cz%2Fspecies%3F&id=genus%3DCrocodylus%26species%3Dpalustris">palustris</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">Species+</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://speciesplus.net/#/taxon_concepts/10096">10096</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1398059">1398059</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐55db797859‐lbjq8 Cached time: 20241218050747 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 2.182 seconds Real time usage: 2.572 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 35219/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 591240/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 115072/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 28/100 Expensive parser 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