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<li class="leaf menu-mlid-1094"><a href="../../charles-darwin-and-his-publisher">Charles Darwin and his publisher</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1147"><a href="../../people/about-darwin/origin-species/review-origin-species">Review: The Origin of Species</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1126"><a href="../../people/about-darwin/darwins-health">Darwin's health</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first last leaf menu-mlid-2917"><a href="../../tags/darwin/darwin-on-his-health">Darwin's notes for his physician, 1865</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1128"><a href="../../about-darwin/darwin-s-photographic-portraits">Darwin's photographic portraits</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2896"><a href="../../have-you-read-one-about">Have you read the one about....</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2654"><a href="../../people/about-darwin/six-things-darwin-never-said">Six things Darwin never said - and one he did</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2654"><a href="../../people/about-darwin/six-things-darwin-never-said">Six things Darwin never said - and one he did overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2892"><a href="../../people/about-darwin/six-things-darwin-never-said/evolution-misquotation">The evolution of a misquotation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-3673"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue">Portraits of Charles Darwin: a catalogue</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-3673"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue">Portraits of Charles Darwin: a catalogue overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3676"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/11-ellen-sharples-pastel">1.1 Ellen Sharples pastel</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3709"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/12-george-richmond-marriage-portrait">1.2 George Richmond, marriage portrait</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3718"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/13-thomas-herbert-maguire-lithograph">1.3 Thomas Herbert Maguire, lithograph</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3721"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/14-samuel-laurence-drawing-1">1.4 Samuel Laurence drawing 1</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3724"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/15-samuel-laurence-drawing-2">1.5 Samuel Laurence drawing 2</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3727"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/16-ouless-oil-portrait">1.6 Ouless oil portrait</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3730"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/17-ouless-replica">1.7 Ouless replica</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3733"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/18-anonymous-drawing-after-ouless">1.8 anonymous drawing, after Ouless</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3736"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/19-rajon-etching-after-ouless">1.9 Rajon, etching after Ouless</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3679"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/110-rajon-etching-variant-state">1.10 Rajon etching, variant state</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3682"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/111-laura-russell-oil">1.11 Laura Russell, oil</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3685"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/112-marian-huxley-drawing">1.12 Marian Huxley, drawing</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3688"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/113-louisa-nash-drawing">1.13 Louisa Nash, drawing</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3691"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/114-william-richmond-oil">1.14 William Richmond, oil</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3694"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/115-albert-goodwin-watercolour">1.15 Albert Goodwin, watercolour</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3697"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/116-alphonse-legros-drypoint">1.16 Alphonse Legros, drypoint</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3700"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/117-alphonse-legros-drawing">1.17 Alphonse Legros drawing</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3703"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/118-john-collier-oil-linnean">1.18 John Collier, oil in Linnean</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3706"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/119-john-collier-oil-npg">1.19 John Collier, oil in NPG</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3712"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/120-leopold-flameng-etching-after-collier">1.20 Leopold Flameng etching, after Collier</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3715"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/121-window-christs-college-cambridge">1.21 window at Christ's College Cambridge</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3739"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/21-thomas-woolner-bust">2.1 Thomas Woolner bust</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3772"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/22-thomas-woolner-metal-plaque">2.2 Thomas Woolner metal plaque</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3802"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/23-wedgwood-medallions">2.3 Wedgwood medallions</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3805"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/24-wedgwood-plaque">2.4 Wedgwood plaque</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3808"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/25-wedgwood-medallions-2nd-type">2.5 Wedgwood medallions, 2nd type</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3811"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/26-adolf-von-hildebrand-bust">2.6 Adolf von Hildebrand bust</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3814"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/27-joseph-moore-midland-union-medal">2.7 Joseph Moore, Midland Union medal</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3817"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/28-alphonse-legros-medallion">2.8 Alphonse Legros medallion</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3820"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/29-legros-medallion-plaster-model">2.9 Legros medallion, plaster model</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3742"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/210-moritz-klinkicht-print-legros">2.10 Moritz Klinkicht, print from Legros</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3745"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/211-christian-lehr-plaster-bust">2.11 Christian Lehr, plaster bust</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3748"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/212-allan-wyon-royal-society-medal">2.12 Allan Wyon, Royal Society medal</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3751"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/213-edgar-boehm-statue-nhm">2.13 Edgar Boehm, statue in the NHM</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3754"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/214-boehm-westminster-abbey-roundel">2.14 Boehm, Westminster Abbey roundel</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3757"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/215-boehm-terracotta-bust-npg">2.15 Boehm terracotta bust (NPG)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3760"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/216-horace-montford-statue-shrewsbury">2.16 Horace Montford statue, Shrewsbury</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3763"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/217-montford-statuette">2.17 Montford, statuette</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3766"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/218-montford-carnegie-bust">2.18 Montford, Carnegie bust</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3769"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/219-montford-bust-royal-society">2.19 Montford, bust at the Royal Society</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3775"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/220-montford-terracotta-bust-npg">2.20 Montford, terracotta bust, NPG</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3778"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/221-montford-relief-christs-college">2.21 Montford, relief at Christ's College</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3781"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/222-l-j-chavalliaud-statue-liverpool">2.22 L.-J. Chavalliaud statue in Liverpool</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3784"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/223-hope-pinker-statue-oxford-museum">2.23 Hope Pinker statue, Oxford Museum</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3787"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/224-herbert-hampton-statue-lancaster">2.24 Herbert Hampton statue, Lancaster</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3790"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/225-henry-pegram-statue-birmingham">2.25 Henry Pegram statue, Birmingham</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3793"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/226-linnean-society-medal">2.26 Linnean Society medal</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3796"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/227-william-couper-bust-new-york">2.27 William Couper bust, New York</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3799"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/228-couper-bust-cambridge">2.28 Couper bust in Cambridge</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3823"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/31-antoine-claudet-daguerreotype">3.1 Antoine Claudet, daguerreotype</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3856"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/32-maull-and-polyblank-photo-1">3.2 Maull and Polyblank photo 1</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3865"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/33-maull-and-polyblank-photo-2">3.3 Maull and Polyblank photo 2</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3868"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/34-william-darwin-photo-1">3.4 William Darwin, photo 1</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3871"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/35-william-darwin-photo-2">3.5 William Darwin, photo 2</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3874"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/36-william-darwin-photo-3">3.6 William Darwin, photo 3</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3877"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/37-leonard-darwin-photo-verandah">3.7 Leonard Darwin, photo on verandah</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3880"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/38-leonard-darwin-interior-photo">3.8 Leonard Darwin, interior photo</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3883"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/39-leonard-darwin-photo-horseback">3.9 Leonard Darwin, photo on horseback</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3826"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/310-ernest-edwards-men-eminence">3.10 Ernest Edwards, 'Men of Eminence'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3829"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/311-edwards-illustrated-london-news">3.11 Edwards, in Illustrated London News</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3832"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/312-edwards-second-group-photos">3.12 Edwards, second group of photos</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3835"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/313-edwards-representative-men">3.13 Edwards 'Representative Men'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3838"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/314-julia-margaret-cameron-photos">3.14 Julia Margaret Cameron, photos</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3841"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/315-george-charles-wallich-photo">3.15 George Charles Wallich, photo</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3844"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/316-oscar-rejlander-photos">3.16 Oscar Rejlander, photos</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3847"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/317-lock-and-whitfield-men-mark">3.17 Lock and Whitfield, 'Men of Mark'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3850"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/318-elliott-and-fry-photos-c1869-1871">3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3853"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/319-elliott-and-fry-photos-c1880-1">3.19 Elliott and Fry photos c.1880-1</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3859"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/320-elliott-and-fry-c1880-1-verandah">3.20 Elliott and Fry, c.1880-1, verandah</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3862"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/321-herbert-rose-barraud-photos">3.21 Herbert Rose Barraud, photos</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3886"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/41-albert-way-comic-drawings">4.1 Albert Way, comic drawings</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3919"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/42-augustus-earle-caricature-drawing">4.2 Augustus Earle, caricature drawing</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3952"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/43-alfred-crowquill-caricature">4.3 Alfred Crowquill, caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3985"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/44-thomas-huxley-caricature-sketch">4.4 Thomas Huxley, caricature sketch</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4018"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/45-william-beard-comic-painting">4.5 William Beard, comic painting</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4051"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/46-thomas-nast-cartoon">4.6 Thomas Nast, cartoon</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4054"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/47-vanity-fair-caricature">4.7 'Vanity Fair', caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4057"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/48-vanity-fair-preliminary-study">4.8 'Vanity Fair', preliminary study</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4060"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/49-graphic-cartoon">4.9 'Graphic', cartoon</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3889"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/410-hornet-caricature-darwin">4.10 'Hornet' caricature of Darwin</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3892"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/411-fun-cartoon-little-lecture">4.11 'Fun' cartoon, 'A little lecture'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3895"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/412-fun-wedding-procession">4.12 'Fun', Wedding procession</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3898"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/413-fun-cartoon-griset-emotional">4.13 'Fun' cartoon by Griset, 'Emotional'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3901"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/414-fun-cartoon-troubles">4.14 'Fun' cartoon, 'That troubles'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3904"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/415-george-cruikshank-comic-drawing">4.15 George Cruikshank, comic drawing</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3907"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/416-joseph-simms-physiognomy">4.16 Joseph Simms, physiognomy</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3910"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/417-figaro-unidentifiable-1871">4.17 'Figaro', unidentifiable 1871</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3913"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/418-figaro-chromolithograph-1">4.18 'Figaro' chromolithograph 1</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3916"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/419-george-montbard-caricature">4.19 George Montbard, caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3922"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/420-frederick-waddy-caricature">4.20 Frederick Waddy, caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3925"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/421-gegeef-our-national-church-1">4.21 Gegeef, 'Our National Church', 1</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3928"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/422-gegeef-et-al-our-national-church-2">4.22 Gegeef et al., 'Our National Church', 2</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3931"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/423-gegeef-battle-field-science">4.23 Gegeef, 'Battle Field of Science'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3934"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/424-daily-graphic-nast-satire">4.24 'Daily Graphic', Nast satire</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3937"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/425-punch-1877-re-cambridge-doctorate">4.25 'Punch' 1877 re. Cambridge doctorate</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3940"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/426-christmas-card-caricature-monkeys">4.26 Christmas card caricature, monkeys</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3943"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/427-four-founders-darwinismus">4.27 'Four founders of Darwinismus'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3946"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/428-english-celebrities-montage">4.28 'English celebrities' montage</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3949"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/429-richard-grant-white-fall-man">4.29 Richard Grant White, 'Fall of man'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3955"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/430-la-petite-lune-gill-cartoon">4.30 'La Petite Lune', Gill cartoon</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3958"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/431-la-lune-rousse-gill-cartoon">4.31 'La Lune Rousse', Gill cartoon</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3961"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/432-anis-liqueur-label">4.32 Anis liqueur label</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3964"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/433-harpers-weekly-bellew-caricature">4.33 'Harper's Weekly', Bellew caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3967"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/434-punch-sambourne-cartoon-1">4.34 'Punch', Sambourne cartoon 1</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3970"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/435-frederick-sem-caricature">4.35 Frederick Sem, caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3973"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/436-sem-chistmas-card">4.36 Sem, Chistmas card</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3976"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/437-mosquito-satire">4.37 'Mosquito' satire</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3979"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/438-franz-goedecker-caricature">4.38 Franz Goedecker, caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3982"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/439-moonshine-magazine-cartoon">4.39 'Moonshine' magazine cartoon</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3988"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/440-phrenological-magazine">4.40 'Phrenological Magazine'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3991"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/441-punch-sambourne-cartoon-2">4.41 'Punch', Sambourne cartoon 2</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3994"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/442-punch-sambourne-cartoon-3">4.42 'Punch' Sambourne cartoon 3</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3997"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/443-illustrated-london-news-article">4.43 'Illustrated London News' article</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4000"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/444-puck-cartoon-1">4.44 'Puck' cartoon 1</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4003"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/445-puck-cartoon-2">4.45 'Puck' cartoon 2</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4006"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/446-puck-cartoon-3">4.46 'Puck' cartoon 3</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4009"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/447-puck-cartoon-4">4.47 'Puck' cartoon 4</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4012"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/448-puck-cartoon-5">4.48 'Puck', cartoon 5</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4015"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/449-alfred-bryan-caricature">4.49 Alfred Bryan, caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4021"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/450-cigar-box-lid-design">4.50 Cigar box lid design</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4024"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/451-frederick-holder-life-and-work">4.51 Frederick Holder 'Life and Work'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4027"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/452-wasp-caricature">4.52 'Wasp' caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4030"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/453-claud-warren-outlines-hands">4.53 Claud Warren, 'Outlines of Hands'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4033"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/454-jubilees-queen-victoria">4.54 jubilees of Queen Victoria</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4036"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/455-harry-furniss-caricature">4.55 Harry Furniss caricature</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4039"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/456-larks-cartoon">4.56 'Larks' cartoon</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4042"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/457-silhouette-cartoon">4.57 silhouette cartoon</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4045"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/458-simian-savage-drawings">4.58 'Simian, savage' . . . drawings</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-4048"><a href="../../about-darwin/portraits-charles-darwin-catalogue/459-simplicissimus-cartoon">4.59 'Simplicissimus' cartoon</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-4066"><a href="../../about-darwin/darwin-and-experimental-life">Darwin and the experimental life</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed 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href="../../fake-darwin">Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3402"><a href="../../darwins-bad-days">Darwin's bad days</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3644"><a href="../../people/about-darwin/darwin-s-first-love">Darwin's first love</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded active-trail menu-mlid-800"><a href="../../letters" title="" class="active-trail campl-selected">The letters</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed active-trail menu-mlid-800"><a href="../../letters" title="" class="active-trail">The letters overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2080"><a href="../darwins-life-letters">Darwin's life in letters</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2080"><a href="../darwins-life-letters">Darwin's life in letters overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1097"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1821-1836-childhood-beagle-voyage">1821-1836: Childhood to the Beagle voyage</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1106"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1837-1843-london-years-natural-selection" title="Charles Darwin's life seen through his letters, 1837-43">1837-43: The London years to 'natural selection'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1107"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1844-1846-building-scientific-network">1844-1846: Building a scientific network</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1108"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1847-1850-microscopes-and-barnacles">1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1109"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1851-1855-death-daughter">1851-1855: Death of a daughter</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1110"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1856-1857-big-book">1856-1857: The 'Big Book'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-936"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1858-1859-origin">1858-1859: Origin</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-937"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1860-answering-critics">1860: Answering critics</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1111"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1861-gaining-allies">1861: Gaining allies</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1098"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1862-multiplicity-experiments">1862: A multiplicity of experiments</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1099"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1863-quarrels-home-honours-abroad">1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1100"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1864-failing-health">1864: Failing health</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-935"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1865-delays-and-disappointments">1865: Delays and disappointments</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1101"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters1866-survival-fittest">1866: Survival of the fittest</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1102"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1867-civilised-dispute">1867: A civilised dispute</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1103"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1868-studying-sex">1868: Studying sex</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1104"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1869-forward-all-fronts">1869: Forward on all fronts</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1105"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters1870-human-evolution">1870: Human evolution</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1151"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1871-emptying-nest">1871: An emptying nest</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1152"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1872-job-done">1872: Job done?</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1049"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwins-letters-1873-animal-or-vegetable">1873: Animal or vegetable?</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1050"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1874-turbulent-year">1874: A turbulent year</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2275"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1875-pulling-strings">1875: Pulling strings</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2894"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1876-midst-life">1876: In the midst of life</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3363"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1877-flowers-and-honours">1877: Flowers and honours</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3383"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1878-movement-and-sleep">1878: Movement and sleep</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3394"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1879-tracing-roots">1879: Tracing roots</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3661"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1880-sensitivity-and-worms">1880: Sensitivity and worms</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4063"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1881-old-friends-and-new-admirers">1881: Old friends and new admirers</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-4102"><a href="../darwins-life-letters/darwin-letters-1882-nothing-too-great-or-too-small">1882: Nothing too great or too small</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded active-trail menu-mlid-3384"><a href="../darwins-works-letters" class="active-trail">Darwin's works in letters</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed active-trail menu-mlid-3384"><a href="../darwins-works-letters" class="active-trail">Darwin's works in letters overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3385"><a href="journal-researches">Journal of researches</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3386"><a href="living-and-fossil-cirripedia">Living and fossil cirripedia</a></li> <li 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class="leaf menu-mlid-3411"><a href="rewriting-origin-later-editions/whale-bear">The whale-bear</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3413"><a href="rewriting-origin-later-editions/origin-lost-changes-second-german">Origin: the lost changes for the second German edition</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3404"><a href="orchids">Orchids</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3662"><a href="climbing-plants">Climbing plants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3387"><a href="descent">Descent</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3388"><a href="expression">Expression</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3389"><a href="insectivorous-plants">Insectivorous plants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3663"><a href="forms-flowers">Forms of flowers</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4084"><a href="cross-and-self-fertilisation">Cross and self fertilisation</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3405"><a href="life-erasmus-darwin">Life of Erasmus Darwin</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3665"><a href="movement-plants">Movement in Plants</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2264"><a href="../about-letters">About the letters</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2408"><a href="../lifecycle-letter-film">Lifecycle of a letter film</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2408"><a href="../lifecycle-letter-film">Lifecycle of a letter film overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2411"><a href="../lifecycle-letter-film/editing-letter">Editing a Letter</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2409"><a href="../lifecycle-letter-film/working-darwin-archive">Working in the Darwin archive</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2296"><a href="../capturing-darwin-s-voice-audio-selected-letters">Capturing Darwin's voice: audio of selected letters</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2266"><a href="../correspondence-women">Correspondence with women</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-878"><a href="../../hunt-new-letters">The hunt for new letters</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1136"><a href="../editorial-policy-and-practice">Editorial policy and practice</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1136"><a href="../editorial-policy-and-practice">Editorial policy and practice overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3646"><a href="../editorial-policy-and-practice/full-notes-editorial-policy">Full notes on editorial policy</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2263"><a href="../symbols-and-abbreviations">Symbols and abbreviations</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2905"><a href="../darwins-letters-timeline">Darwin's letters: a timeline</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2909"><a href="../../world-map">Darwin's letters: World Map</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3364"><a href="/have-you-read-one-about" title="">Have you read the one about...</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4183"><a href="../charles-darwin-life-letters">Charles Darwin: A Life in Letters</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4158"><a href="../../darwin-conversation-exhibition">Darwin in Conversation exhibition</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4099"><a href="../diagrams-and-drawings-letters">Diagrams and drawings in letters</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-4105"><a href="../favourite-letters">Favourite Letters</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-4105"><a href="../favourite-letters">Favourite Letters overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4162"><a href="../favourite-letters/be-envious-ripe-oranges-w-d-fox-may-1832">Be envious of ripe oranges: To W. D. Fox, May 1832</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4111"><a href="../favourite-letters/monstrous-stain-j-m-herbert-2-june-1833">That monstrous stain: To J. M. Herbert, 2 June 1833</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4166"><a href="../favourite-letters/my-most-solemn-request-emma-darwin-5-july-1844">My most solemn request: To Emma Darwin, 5 July 1844</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4178"><a href="../favourite-letters/our-poor-dear-dear-child-emma-darwin-23-april-1851">Our poor dear dear child: To Emma Darwin, [23 April 1851]</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4174"><a href="../favourite-letters/i-beg-million-pardons-john-lubbock-3-september-1862">I beg a million pardons: To John Lubbock, [3 September 1862]</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4129"><a href="../favourite-letters/prize-possessions-henry-denny-17-january-1865">Prize possessions: To Henry Denny, 17 January [1865]</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4114"><a href="../favourite-letters/how-manage-it-j-d-hooker-17-june-1865">How to manage it: To J. D. Hooker, [17 June 1865]</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4117"><a href="../favourite-letters/fly-flower-hermann-m-ller-23-october-1867">A fly on the flower: From Hermann Müller, 23 October 1867</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4138"><a href="../favourite-letters/reading-my-roommate-s-illustrious-ancestor-t-h-huxley-10-june-1868">Reading my roommate's illustrious ancestor: To T. H. Huxley, 10 June 1868</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4169"><a href="../favourite-letters/beginning-something-j-d-hooker-22-january-1869">A beginning, & that is something: To J. D. Hooker, [22 January 1869]</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4135"><a href="../favourite-letters/perfect-copper-plate-hand-adolf-reuter-30-may-1869">Perfect copper-plate hand: From Adolf Reuter, 30 May 1869</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4132"><a href="../favourite-letters/darwin-s-favourite-photographer-o-g-rejlander-30-april-1871">Darwin's favourite photographer: From O. G. Rejlander, 30 April 1871</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4172"><a href="../favourite-letters/your-letter-eternalized-us-n-d-doedes-27-march-1873">Your letter eternalized before us: From N. D. Doedes, 27 March 1873</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4120"><a href="../favourite-letters/lost-translation-auguste-forel-12-november-1874">Lost in translation: From Auguste Forel, 12 November 1874</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4182"><a href="../favourite-letters/i-never-trusted-drosera-e-f-lubbock-after-2-july-1875">I never trusted Drosera: From E. F. Lubbock, [after 2 July] 1875</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4126"><a href="../favourite-letters/argus-pheasant-mivart-r-wallace-17-june-1876">From Argus pheasant to Mivart: To A. R. Wallace, 17 June 1876</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4141"><a href="../favourite-letters/wearing-his-knowledge-lightly-fritz-m-ller-5-april-1878">Wearing his knowledge lightly: From Fritz Müller, 5 April 1878</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4123"><a href="../favourite-letters/terms-engagement-julius-wiesner-25-october-1881">Terms of engagement: To Julius Wiesner, 25 October 1881</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-4108"><a href="../favourite-letters/intellectual-capacities-caroline-kennard-26-december-1881">Intellectual capacities: From Caroline Kennard, 26 December 1881</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-4144"><a href="../darwin-plays">Darwin plays</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-4144"><a href="../darwin-plays">Darwin plays overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4150"><a href="../darwin-plays/emma-audio-play">'Emma' audio play</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4147"><a href="../darwin-plays/frank-audio-play">'Frank' audio play</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4153"><a href="../darwin-plays/confessing-murder-audio-play">'Like confessing a murder' audio play</a></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-2294"><a href="../darwin-plays/re-design-dramatisation">'Re: Design' dramatisation</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2294"><a href="../darwin-plays/re-design-dramatisation">'Re: Design' dramatisation overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1134"><a href="../../commentary/religion/re-design-dramatisation/dramatisation-script">Dramatisation script</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3377"><a href="/search?sort=date&keyword=darwin&f1-document-type=letter" title="">Browse all Darwin letters in date order</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3391"><a href="../list-correspondents">List of correspondents</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-824"><a href="../../commentary">Commentary</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-824"><a href="../../commentary">Commentary overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2269"><a href="../../commentary/evolution" title="">Evolution</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2269"><a href="../../commentary/evolution" title="">Evolution overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2262"><a href="../../commentary/evolution/natural-selection">Natural selection</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2293"><a href="../../commentary/evolution/sexual-selection">Sexual selection</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2299"><a href="../../commentary/evolution/inheritance">Inheritance</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2298"><a href="../../commentary/evolution/divergence">Divergence</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3410"><a href="../../commentary/evolution/correlation-growth-deaf-blue-eyed-cats-pigs-and-poison">Correlation of growth: deaf blue-eyed cats, pigs, and poison</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3414"><a href="../../commentary/evolution/natural-selection-trouble-terminology-part-i">Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3415"><a href="../../commentary/evolution/survival-fittest-trouble-terminology-part-ii">Survival of the fittest: the trouble with terminology Part II</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3671"><a href="../../commentary/evolution/darwin-s-species-notebooks-i-think">Darwin's species notebooks: 'I think . . .'</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-871"><a href="../../commentary/geology" title="">Geology</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-871"><a href="../../commentary/geology" title="">Geology overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2259"><a href="../../commentary/geology/darwin-geology">Darwin and geology</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1127"><a href="../../topics/geology/darwin-s-introduction-geology">Darwin's introduction to geology</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1270"><a href="../../commentary/geology/geology-beagle-voyage">The geology of the Beagle voyage</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1122"><a href="../../commentary/geology/darwin-coral-reefs">Darwin and coral reefs</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2258"><a href="../../commentary/geology/darwin-s-earthquakes">Darwin's earthquakes</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2257"><a href="../../topics/geology/darwin-geological-society" title="">Darwin and the Geological Society</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1123"><a href="../../commentary/geology/darwin-glen-roy">Darwin and Glen Roy</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1087"><a href="../../topics/geology/bibliography-darwin-s-geological-publications">Bibliography of Darwin's geological publications</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2247"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences" title="">Life sciences</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2247"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences" title="">Life sciences overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1117"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/darwin-and-down">Darwin and Down</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1117"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/darwin-and-down">Darwin and Down overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1149"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/darwin-and-down/darwin-s-hothouse-and-lists-hothouse-plants">Darwin's hothouse and lists of hothouse plants</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4087"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/species-and-varieties">Species and varieties</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1058"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/evolution-honeycomb">The evolution of honeycomb</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1083"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/tale-two-bees">A tale of two bees</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1088"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/beauty-and-seed">Beauty and the seed</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1088"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/beauty-and-seed">Beauty and the seed overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1055"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/beauty-and-seed/mauro-galetti-profile-ecologist">Mauro Galetti: profile of an ecologist</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2261"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/casting-about-darwin-worms">Casting about: Darwin on worms</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1081"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/was-darwin-ecologist">Was Darwin an ecologist?</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3641"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/dipsacus-and-drosera-frank-s-favourite-carnivores">Dipsacus and Drosera</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2318"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/darwin-and-barnacles">Darwin and barnacles</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2318"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/darwin-and-barnacles">Darwin and barnacles overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2317"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/darwin-and-barnacles/darwin-s-study-cirripedia">Darwin's study of the Cirripedia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2280"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/darwin-and-vivisection">Darwin and vivisection</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2280"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/darwin-and-vivisection">Darwin and vivisection overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2284"><a href="../../topics/life-sciences/darwin-and-vivisection/vivisection-draft-petition">Vivisection: draft petition</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2285"><a href="../../topics/life-sciences/darwin-and-vivisection/vivisection-baas-committee-report">Vivisection: BAAS committee report</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2286"><a href="../../topics/life-sciences/darwin-and-vivisection/vivisection-first-sketch-bill">Vivisection: first sketch of the bill</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2287"><a href="../../topics/life-sciences/darwin-and-vivisection/vivisection-darwins-testimony-royal-commission">Vivisection: Darwin's testimony</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2288"><a href="../../topics/life-sciences/darwin-and-vivisection/appeal-against-animal-cruelty">'An Appeal' against animal cruelty</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2916"><a href="../../commentary/life-sciences/biodiversity-and-its-histories">Biodiversity and its histories</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-873"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature" title="">Human nature</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-873"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature" title="">Human nature overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2604"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/darwin-human-evolution">Darwin on human evolution</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1269"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/expression-emotions">The expression of emotions</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1269"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/expression-emotions">The expression of emotions overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1262"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/expression-emotions/emotion-experiment">Emotion experiment</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1262"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/expression-emotions/emotion-experiment">Emotion experiment overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1263"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/expression-emotions/emotion-experiment/results-darwin-online-emotions">Results of the Darwin Online Emotions Experiment</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2256"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/expression-emotions/face-emotion">Face of emotion</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2292"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/expression-emotions/darwin-s-queries-expression">Darwin's queries on expression</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1052"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/origin-language">The origin of language</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1052"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/origin-language">The origin of language overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1053"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/origin-language/language-key-letters">Language: key letters</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1153"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/origin-language/language-interview-gregory-radick">Language: Interview with Gregory Radick</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1140"><a href="../../commentary/human-nature/darwin-and-human-nature-film-series">Film series podcasts</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-874"><a href="../../commentary/religion" title="">Religion</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-874"><a href="../../commentary/religion" title="">Religion overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1033"><a href="../../commentary/religion/darwin-and-design">Darwin and design</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1288"><a href="../../commentary/religion/what-did-darwin-believe">What did Darwin believe?</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1034"><a href="../../commentary/religion/darwin-and-church">Darwin and the Church</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1089"><a href="../../commentary/religion/british-association-meeting-1860">British Association meeting 1860</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1121"><a href="../../commentary/religion/darwin-and-religion-america">Darwin and religion in America</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1045"><a href="../../commentary/religion/essays-reviews-asa-gray">Essays and reviews by Asa Gray</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1045"><a href="../../commentary/religion/essays-reviews-asa-gray">Essays and reviews by Asa Gray overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2271"><a href="../../commentary/religion/essays-reviews-asa-gray/darwiniana-preface">Darwiniana - Preface</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2272"><a href="../../commentary/religion/essays-reviews-asa-gray/essay-design-versus-necessity">Essay: Design versus necessity</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1046"><a href="../../commentary/religion/essays-reviews-asa-gray/essay-natural-selection-natural-theology">Essay: Natural selection & natural theology</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1146"><a href="../../commentary/religion/essays-reviews-asa-gray/essay-evolution-theology">Essay: Evolution and theology</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2273"><a href="../../commentary/religion/essays-reviews-asa-gray/essay-what-darwinism">Essay: What is Darwinism?</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2274"><a href="../../commentary/religion/essays-reviews-asa-gray/essay-evolutionary-teleology">Essay: Evolutionary teleology</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-2249"><a href="../../commentary/religion/science-and-religion-interviews">Science and religion Interviews</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2249"><a href="../../commentary/religion/science-and-religion-interviews">Science and religion Interviews overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2250"><a href="../../commentary/religion/science-and-religion-interviews/interview-emily-ballou">Interview with Emily Ballou</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2251"><a href="../../commentary/religion/science-and-religion-interviews/interview-simon-conway-morris">Interview with Simon Conway Morris</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2252"><a href="../../commentary/religion/science-and-religion-interviews/interview-john-hedley-brooke">Interview with John Hedley Brooke</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2253"><a href="../../commentary/religion/science-and-religion-interviews/interview-randal-keynes">Interview with Randal Keynes</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2254"><a href="../../commentary/religion/science-and-religion-interviews/interview-tim-lewens">Interview with Tim Lewens</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2255"><a href="../../commentary/religion/science-and-religion-interviews/interview-pietro-corsi">Interview with Pietro Corsi</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-3395"><a href="../../commentary/curious" title="">For the curious...</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-3395"><a href="../../commentary/curious" title="">For the curious... overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4155"><a href="../../commentary/curious/cordillera-beagle-expedition">Cordillera Beagle expedition</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4096"><a href="../../commentary/curious/darwin-family">The Darwin family</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4093"><a href="../../commentary/curious/darwin-s-plant-experiments">Darwin's plant experiments</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4090"><a href="../../commentary/curious/behind-scenes">Behind the scenes</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3664"><a href="../../commentary/curious/darwin-s-networks">Darwin's Networks</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3643"><a href="../../commentary/curious/darwin-and-beagle-voyage">Darwin and the Beagle voyage</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3403"><a href="../../commentary/curious/darwin-and-working-home">Darwin and working from home</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3409"><a href="../../commentary/curious/darwin-cats-and-cat-shows">Darwin, cats and cat shows</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3396"><a href="../../commentary/curious/darwin-and-dogs">Darwin and dogs</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3397"><a href="../../commentary/curious/darwins-illness">Darwin's illness</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3398"><a href="../../commentary/curious/plant-or-animal-or-don-t-try-home">Plant or animal? (Or: Don't try this at home!)</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3399"><a href="../../commentary/curious/strange-things-sent-darwin-post">Strange things sent to Darwin in the post</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-823"><a href="../../people">People</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-823"><a href="../../people">People overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2150"><a href="../../commentary/key-correspondents" title="">Key correspondents</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2153"><a href="../../commentary/beagle-voyage-networks" title="">Beagle voyage networks</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2152"><a href="../../commentary/family-and-friends" title="">Family and friends</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2159"><a href="../../commentary/darwins-scientific-network" title="">Darwin's scientific network</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2155"><a href="../../tags/readers-and-critics" title="">Readers and critics</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2162"><a href="../../tags/publishers-artists-and-illustrators" title="">Publishers, artists and illustrators</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3381"><a href="../../correspondents-alphabetical" title="">People pages in alphabetical order</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-3367"><a href="../../people/german-and-dutch-photograph-albums">German and Dutch photograph albums</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-3367"><a href="../../people/german-and-dutch-photograph-albums">German and Dutch photograph albums overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3372"><a href="../../people/german-and-dutch-photograph-albums/photograph-album-german-and-austrian-scientists">Photograph album of German and Austrian scientists</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3371"><a href="../../people/german-and-dutch-photograph-albums/photograph-album-dutch-admirers">Photograph album of Dutch admirers</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3370"><a href="../../german-poems-presented-darwin">German poems presented to Darwin</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3380"><a href="/search?f1-document-type=people&sort=name" title="">List of all people mentioned in letters</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-825"><a href="../../learning-resources" title="">Learning</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-825"><a href="../../learning-resources" title="">Learning overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1739"><a href="../../learning/7-11">Ages 7-11</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1739"><a href="../../learning/7-11">Ages 7-11 overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2601"><a href="../../learning/7-11/darwin-the-collector">Darwin The Collector</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2602"><a href="../../learning/7-11/detecting-darwin">Detecting Darwin</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2603"><a href="../../learning/7-11/darwin-and-evolution">Darwin And Evolution</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2600"><a href="../../learning/7-11/darwins-fantastical-voyage">Darwin's Fantastical Voyage</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3408"><a href="../../learning/7-11/home-learning-7-11-years">Home learning: 7-11 years</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1744"><a href="../../learning/11-14">Ages 11-14</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1744"><a href="../../learning/11-14">Ages 11-14 overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2899"><a href="../../learning/11-14/darwin-and-religion">Darwin and Religion</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2898"><a href="../../learning/11-14/doing-darwins-experiments">Doing Darwin's Experiments</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2900"><a href="../../learning/11-14/how-dangerous-was-darwin">How dangerous was Darwin?</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2901"><a href="../../learning/11-14/offer-of-a-lifetime">Offer of a lifetime</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2903"><a href="../../learning/11-14/darwin-and-slavery">Darwin and slavery</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2902"><a href="../../learning/11-14/beagle-voyage">Beagle Voyage</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2904"><a href="../../learning/11-14/darwins-scientific-women">Darwin's scientific women</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1154"><a href="../../case-studies-using-darwin-s-letters-classroom">Schools Gallery: Using Darwin's letters in the classroom</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-833"><a href="../../learning/universities">Universities</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-833"><a href="../../learning/universities">Universities overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1063"><a href="../../learning/universities/letters-primary-source" title="">Letters as a primary source</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1063"><a href="../../learning/universities/letters-primary-source" title="">Letters as a primary source overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2276"><a href="../../learning/universities/letters-primary-source/scientific-networks">Scientific networks</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2277"><a href="../../learning/universities/letters-primary-source/scientific-practice">Scientific practice</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2278"><a href="../../learning/universities/letters-primary-source/controversy">Controversy</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2279"><a href="../../learning/universities/letters-primary-source/religion">Religion</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1066"><a href="../../learning/universities/letters-primary-source/discussion-questions-and-essay-questions">Discussion questions and essay questions</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1286"><a href="../../learning/universities/letters-primary-source/suggested-reading">Suggested reading</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-1550"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science">Getting to know Darwin's science</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1550"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science">Getting to know Darwin's science overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2144"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/early-days">Early days</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1086"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/barnacles">Barnacles</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-932"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/biogeography">Biogeography</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1287"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/variation-under-domestication">Variation under domestication</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1259"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/orchids">Orchids</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1150"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/instinct-and-evolution-mind">Instinct and the evolution of mind</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1048"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/insectivorous-plants">Insectivorous plants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1095"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/climbing-plants">Climbing plants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1141"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/floral-dimorphism">Floral dimorphism</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1260"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/power-movement-plants">Power of movement in plants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1135"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/earthworms">Earthworms</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1132"><a href="../../learning/universities/getting-know-darwins-science/dining-down-house">Dining at Down House</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2314"><a href="../../learning/universities/darwin-and-human-nature">Darwin and human nature</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2314"><a href="../../learning/universities/darwin-and-human-nature">Darwin and human nature overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1155"><a href="../../learning/universities/darwin-and-human-nature/moral-nature">Moral nature</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1261"><a href="../../learning/universities/darwin-and-human-nature/race-civilization-and-progress">Race, civilization, and progress</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-1289"><a href="../../learning/universities/women-and-science">Women and science</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-1289"><a href="../../learning/universities/women-and-science">Women and science overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2281"><a href="../../learning/universities/women-and-science/women-s-scientific-participation">Women's scientific participation</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1290"><a href="../../learning/universities/women-and-science/women-scientific-audience">Women as a scientific audience</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-1041"><a href="../../learning/universities/women-and-science/referencing-women-s-work">Referencing women's work</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2312"><a href="../../learning/universities/women-and-science/darwin-public-and-private">Darwin in public and private</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2283"><a href="../../learning/universities/women-and-science/darwin-mentor">Darwin as mentor</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2313"><a href="../../learning/universities/women-and-science/discussion-questions">Discussion questions</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2311"><a href="../../learning/universities/women-and-science/suggested-reading">Suggested reading</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2897"><a href="../../learning-resources/timeline" title="">Darwin timeline</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3668"><a href="../../learning-resources/exploring-evolution">Teacher training</a></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-4186"><a href="../../commentary/curious" title="">For the curious...</a> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"> <li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-4186"><a href="../../commentary/curious" title="">For the curious... overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4189"><a href="../../commentary/curious/cordillera-beagle-expedition" title="">Cordillera Beagle expedition</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4192"><a 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class="campl-content-container"> <h1 class="campl-sub-title">Rewriting Origin - the later editions</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="campl-row campl-content campl-recessed-content"><div class="campl-wrap clearfix"><div class="campl-column9 campl-main-content" id="page-content"> <div class=""> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-darwin-sharing-darwin-sharing-add" class="block block-darwin-sharing campl-content-container"> <div> <div class="social-media-share"><a class="icon-sm darwin-facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.darwinproject.ac.uk%2Fletters%2Fdarwins-works-letters%2Frewriting-origin-later-editions" title="Share on Facebook" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i></a> <a class="icon-sm darwin-twitter" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Rewriting+Origin+-+the+later+editions&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.darwinproject.ac.uk%2Fletters%2Fdarwins-works-letters%2Frewriting-origin-later-editions" title="Share 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file-image-jpeg"> <div class="content"><a href="/sites/default/files/Origin-Spines.jpg"><img typeof="foaf:Image" class="campl-scale-with-grid" src="/sites/default/files/Origin-Spines.jpg" width="1328" height="1000" alt="6 editions of 'The Origin of Species' by Charles Darwin" title="6 editions of 'The Origin of Species' by Charles Darwin"/></a> <div class="field field-name-field-file-reference field-type-text field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even">http://wellcomeimages.org/</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-name-field-file-caption field-type-text field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even">6 editions of 'The Origin of Species' by Charles Darwin</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-name-field-file-identifier field-type-text field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even">L0051092</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-name-field-credit field-type-text field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even">Wellcome Library, London</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-name-field-file-copyright field-type-text field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even">CC BY 4.0</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"> <p><a href="/DCP-LETT-6568"><em>If I lived 20 more years, & was able to work, how I sh<sup>d</sup>. have to modify the "Origin", & how much the views on all points will have to be modified.- Well it is a beginning, & that is something.</em></a></p> <p>For such an iconic work, the text of <em>Origin</em> was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his 'one long argument' through a further five English editions. Many of his changes were made in response to comments in correspondence - with friends, strangers, supporters, and critics - and, taken together, letters and publications form a series of overlapping conversations with colleagues, <a href="/DCP-LETT-3006">reviewers</a>, and the reading public.</p> <p>It is hard to remember now that <em>Origin</em> was not the book that Darwin set out to write. He didn't anticipate any further editions not just because he didn't expect it to be so popular, but because he saw it as a temporary stop-gap. He still intended to resume work on his <a href="origin-big-book">'big book'</a> <em></em>(never published, but which <a href="/DCP-LETT-2136">he had intended to call 'Natural Selection<em>'</em></a>), and assumed that that would displace <em>Origin,</em> and remove the need for any updates <a href="/DCP-LETT-2566">beyond straightforward corrections</a>. He was determined to keep his resolution of '<a href="/DCP-LETT-2726">not wasting more time on the origin</a>', and saw the second English edition and the US edition, both of which came out just weeks later, solely as a chance to make corrections or additions that had arrived too late to be included in the first.</p> <p><em><a href="/DCP-LETT-6500">My work will have to stop a bit for I must prepare a new edit. of that everlasting origin, & I am sick of correcting.-</a></em></p> <p>Darwin found revision itself a horrible chore, and resented the interruption to his other work, but with each subsequent edition he not only became reconciled to <em>Origin's</em> independent existence, but increasingly anxious to keep it up to date with scientific advances. By <em>Origin</em>'s 10<sup>th</sup> birthday, he was prepared to threaten his US publisher with taking his business elsewhere if they weren't willing to produce a new edition: 'I feel sure that the continued large sale of this book in England, Germany & France has depended on my keeping up each edition to the existing standard of science' (<a href="/DCP-LETT-7007">to Charles Layton, 24 November [1869]</a>).</p> <p>From the 3<sup>rd</sup> edition on, each English edition up to the 6<sup>th</sup> (the final one published in Darwin's lifetime) was prefaced by a long list of alterations. Tracing the history of the editions through Darwin's correspondence reveals the pressures that led to many of these changes. While some were improvements in style, and a few corrected errors, the bulk responded to criticism, added new facts to hammer home his points, or revised and expanded his thinking. Stung by a reported comment from Richard Owen that <a href="/DCP-LETT-2575">'we do not want to know what Darwin believes & is convinced of, but what he can prove'</a> Darwin moved noticeably away in later editions from using the first person (see Barbara Bordalejo, <a href="http://darwin-online.org.uk/Variorum/Introduction.html">Introduction to the <i>Online Variorum of Darwin's</i> Origin of Species</a>). Not all the changes were linear: wording might be introduced in one edition only to be dropped later, and some changes appeared first, or only, in the foreign editions, especially the US editions and the French and German translations, where Darwin was often closely involved in the texts. In the end, Darwin oversaw five French translations and four German translations, and there were also translations during his lifetime into Danish, Dutch, Italian, Russian, Spanish, and Swedish. </p> <p>Each edition had its own preoccupations and its own particular cast of correspondents, but some conversations wove in and out through several editions: a <a href="../../how-old-earth">long-running disagreement about the age of the earth</a>; just what he meant by the word 'creator'; how organisms had become <a href="rewriting-origin-later-editions#">geographically dispersed</a>, <a href="../../correlation">whether white blue-eyed cats really were invariably deaf</a>, and a <a href="../../whale-bear">widely misunderstood reference to whales and bears</a>. Even <a href="../../natural-selection-trouble-terminology">the term 'natural selection' came under fire</a>, and Darwin supplemented it by <a href="../../survival-of-the-fittest">using Herbert Spencer's 'survival of the fittest'</a> in the fifth and sixth editions. His '<a href="../../new-material-added-american-edition-origin#PrefaceUS">historical sketch</a>', first added to the US edition to counter criticism that he had overlooked the work of others, had to be enlarged for the third edition to acknowledge an <a href="/DCP-LETT-2754">anticipation of his theory by Patrick Matthew</a> in an 1831 treatise on naval timber, and in later re-writings itself became a place for <a href="/DCP-LETT-3041">skirmishes over priority with Richard Owen</a>. </p> <p>In contrast to the text, the physical appearance of the first four editions remained almost identical, with no changes in the typeface, size or binding. The fifth had a different cover, and smaller margins to accommodate a mass of new material, but the sixth was very different: a cheaper, consciously 'popular' edition. Darwin knew that this was the last one he would publish, and his letters show how determined he was to make the most of this final shot at converting the world.</p> <p> </p> <h4>Key dates:</h4> <ul> <li>1<sup>st</sup> edition published, 24 November 1859</li> <li>2d English edition: <a href="/DCP-LETT-2594">printing had begun by 22 December 1859</a>; Darwin <a href="/DCP-LETT-2607">returned the last proof sheets on 26 December 1859</a>; published 1860</li> <li>1<sup>st</sup> US 'revised and augmented' edition published July 1860</li> <li>1<sup>st</sup> German translation, July 1860</li> <li>3d English edition: <a href="/DCP-LETT-2990">Darwin heard that it was needed in November 1860</a>; it appeared in April 1861</li> <li>1<sup>st</sup> French edition published May 1862</li> <li>2d German translation, 1863</li> <li>2d French translation 1865</li> <li>4<sup>th</sup> English edition published, 1866</li> <li>5<sup>th</sup> English edition published, 1869</li> <li>6<sup>th</sup> English edition published, 1872</li> </ul> <p> </p> <h4><a id="1-2 ed" name="1-2 ed"><strong>1<sup>st</sup> to 2<sup>nd</sup> editions</strong></a></h4> <p><em><a href="/DCP-LETT-2550">I have heard from Murray today that he sold whole Edition of my Book on first day, & he wants another instantly…</a></em></p> <p>Darwin <a href="/DCP-LETT-2547">heard that a new edition was already needed</a> on 24 November 1859, the same day that the first edition was published. Although he modestly described the second edition as '<a href="/DCP-LETT-2566">merely a reprint of the first with a few verbal corrections & some omissions'</a>, he pulled out all the stops to cram in the changes that mattered to him most.</p> <p>Darwin's friends were still sending comments on the proofs of the first edition as it was rushed to press. 'I am incessantly receiving letters with references' <a href="/DCP-LETT-2549">he told Murray</a>, with friends suggesting expansion 'in many places'<em>.</em> Chief among these was Charles Lyell, instrumental in shaping both the first and second editions. As he read the proof sheets from September to November 1859, Lyell buried Darwin under a blizzard of letters (see especially <a href="/DCP-LETT-2503">letter to Charles Lyell, 11 October [1859]</a> and <a href="/DCP-LETT-3132">letter from Charles Lyell, 4 October 1859</a>). Despite having <a href="/DCP-LETT-2490">finished corrections to the proofs</a> by 11 September Darwin was still trying to incorporate Lyell's corrections as late as 20 September.</p> <p><em><a href="/DCP-LETT-2549">I have heard of only one blunder & that not my fault.-</a></em></p> <p>Lyell was responsible for <a href="/DCP-LETT-2543">several second edition changes</a> including on <a href="/DCP-LETT-2540A">the origin of domestic dogs</a>, but the change that <a href="/DCP-LETT-2547">went to Darwin's heart</a> was the deletion of a reference to supposed fossil evidence for what he fondly called his '<a href="/DCP-LETT-2492">Secondary whales</a>' - whales from the Mesozoic ('Secondary') period. </p> <p>Of the <a href="/DCP-LETT-2566">long list of changes he had ready to send to the publisher</a>, Darwin highlighted the addition of an acknowledgement to Alfred Russel Wallace in the concluding summary (Origin 2d ed., p. 484), a <a href="/DCP-LETT-2647">revised estimate of the age of the earth</a>, new passages on '<a href="/DCP-LETT-2559">fossil birds</a>', '<a href="/DCP-LETT-2503">nascent organs in contradistinction with rudimentary organs</a>', and 'the theological bearing of the views advocated'. </p> <p>This last one was a welcome endorsement from the religious author Charles Kingsley, a chaplain to the queen, which Darwin <a href="/DCP-LETT-2561">seized on eagerly</a>, getting permission to quote prominently <a href="/DCP-LETT-2534">from Kingsley's letter</a> in the revised summary: <em>A celebrated author and divine has written to me that "he has gradually learnt to see that it is just as noble a conception of the Deity to believe that He created a few original forms capable of self-development into other and needful forms, as to believe that He required a fresh act of creation to supply the voids caused by the action of His laws."</em> (<em>Origin</em> 2d ed, p. 481).</p> <p> </p> <h4><a id="2-3 ed" name="2-3 ed"><strong>2<sup>nd</sup> to 3<sup>rd</sup> editions; US edition</strong></a></h4> <p>By June 1860 Darwin was at least open to the possibility of a third edition, asking his publisher if one would be needed '<a href="/DCP-LETT-2824">soon, ever, or never</a>'. By November 1860 he had <a href="/DCP-LETT-2994">heard that it was</a>, and it was already on the shelves by April 1861.</p> <p><em><a href="/DCP-LETT-2726">I mean to leave all future Editions of the "Origin" (as far as I can tell) in its present state with the additions now sent.-</a></em></p> <p>In the meantime, in July 1860, a 'revised and augmented' American edition of <em>Origin</em> had come on the market. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin had made to the second English edition, but still contained some material which he had removed; it also included a number of significant alterations and additions that were only later incorporated, in a somewhat modified form, to the third English edition, so for a short while the American audience had the most advanced version of the text available. <a href="../../new-material-added-american-edition-origin">(Read more on Darwin's additions to the US edition of <em>Origin</em> here</a>.)</p> <p>Principal among those additions was Darwin's 'historical sketch', the backstory of evolutionary thinking putting his own work in context. The first version was apparently written in response to <a href="/DCP-LETT-2654">criticism from Baden Powell</a>, among others, that he hadn't sufficiently acknowledged earlier work. According to a <a href="/DCP-LETT-2665">letter to Asa Gray</a> he had yet to start it on 28 January, but on 2 February 1860 he <a href="/DCP-LETT-2680">told Herbert Spencer that it was already written</a>. It seems he was able to base it on <a href="/DCP-LETT-2655">text already drafted for the 'big book'</a>. </p> <p><em><a href="/DCP-LETT-2743">your story of the Black Pigs in the Everglades <u>delights</u> me</a></em></p> <p>If Lyell was Darwin's key correspondent for the first set of revisions to <em>Origin</em>, Asa Gray, who masterminded the US edition, was key to this second set. Gray passed on an account by Jeffries Wyman, a professor of anatomy, of correlation between an animal's colour and its immunity to poison (see <a href="/DCP-LETT-2901">letter from Jeffries Wyman, [<em>c</em>. 15] September 1860</a>). Among pigs in a particular locality (originally said to be Florida but later identified as Virginia), only the black varieties could eat a particular plant, the paint-root, without their hooves falling off. Darwin added the account to <a href="https://dcp-editorial.lib.cam.ac.uk/view?docId=bibliographies/bibl_6016.xml"><em>Origin</em> 3d ed.</a>, p. 12. Its significance, as <a href="/2936">he explained to Wyman</a> was in suggesting how natural selection could operate on colour, a seemingly otherwise unimportant characteristic. Wyman, like so many other correspondents introduced to Darwin in this way, was applied to repeatedly for information. He duly obliged, sending detailed observations on everything from <a href="/DCP-LETT-3045">rattlesnakes</a> to <a href="/DCP-LETT-4994">bees' cells</a>. Urgent questions on <a href="/DCP-LETT-2564">the thickness of the walls</a> of bees' cells were also directed to an old contact, the Cambridge professor William Hallowes Miller, and <a href="/DCP-LETT-2609">resulted in a correction</a>. </p> <p> </p> <p>Less delightful were <a href="/DCP-LETT-3041A">a three-way exchange</a> with Joseph Hooker and Hewett Cottrell Watson, and a series of letters with the Irish botanist William Henry Harvey. Darwin <a href="/DCP-LETT-3047">remained unconvinced by Watson's assertion</a> that accumulated minute variations could result in <u>convergence</u> in form and not just <u>divergence</u>, but nevertheless referred to Watson's ideas in the US edition. More fundamentally, Darwin was frustrated that Harvey, who had clearly spent a lot of time on the book, seemed so utterly to misunderstand its central argument. <em>'</em><a href="/DCP-LETT-2922"><em>[I]t seems to me'</em></a> <em>he complained</em> <a href="/DCP-LETT-2922"><em>'that you do not understand what I mean by Natural Selection'</em></a><em>:</em> whether the term was well chosen was to be a recurring theme.</p> <p>A German translation by Heinrich Georg Bronn, to which Bronn added a critique of his own, was in preparation at much the same time as the US edition and Darwin built up <a href="/DCP-LETT-2940">another list of changes</a> in response to Bronn's comments. (Like the US edition, Bronn's second German translation, published in 1862, contained revisions not made in the English editions until the fourth, and some not made at all - for a reconstruction of the list see '<a href="../../origin-lost-changes-second-german-edition"><em>Origin</em>: the lost changes for the second German edition</a>') Exasperated at his '<a href="/DCP-LETT-3010">many rather stupid reviewers</a>', Darwin declared that Bronn was the only one he meant to '<a href="/DCP-LETT-3006">treat with the respect of giving his objections with his name</a>', but his hope that he would never again have to make so many changes, was doomed to disappointment.</p> <p> </p> <h4><a id="3-4 ed" name="3-4 ed"><strong>3<sup>rd</sup> to 4<sup>th</sup> editions</strong></a></h4> <p><a href="/DCP-LETT-4809"><em>This reminds me that I am, as it were, reading the "Origin" for the first time, for I am correcting for a 2<sup>nd</sup>. French Edition; & upon my life, my dear fellow, it is a very good book, but oh my gracious it is tough reading & I wish it were done.-</em></a></p> <p>By the time Darwin was told in February 1866 that <a href="/DCP-LETT-5016">a fourth English edition would be needed</a>, he had already revised <em>Origin</em> for a second French edition. 'Natural Hist. progresses so quickly', <a href="/DCP-LETT-5016">he complained to Murray</a>, 'that I must make a good many corrections.'</p> <p>As with the other editions, the first criticisms of the third edition had arrived as soon as it was published. Philip Lutley Sclater wrote a brief note <a href="/DCP-LETT-3121">correcting Darwin's assertion that Madeira had no unique birds</a>, clearly having missed the reference in the first two editions.</p> <p><em><a href="/DCP-LETT-5106">Everything which I have read during last 4 years I find is quite washy in my mind</a>.</em></p> <p>Once again Darwin had assumed no further editions would be needed, and struggled to pull all the changes together. Many of these were made in response to discussions with Henry Walter Bates, friend and travelling companion of Alfred Russel Wallace, who only began corresponding with Darwin in November 1860, too late for the third edition. </p> <p><em><a href="/DCP-LETT-3816">I rejoice that I passed over whole subject in the Origin, for I shd. have made a precious mess of it</a>.</em></p> <p>A specialist in tropical butterflies, Bates <a href="/DCP-LETT-3104">responded to requests for detailed information about colouration and mate choice</a>, details that Darwin squirreled away for the 4<sup>th</sup> edition, and his use of natural selection to explain mimicry in butterflies delighted Darwin, who exclaimed that he had '<a href="/DCP-LETT-3816">most clearly stated & solved a wonderful problem</a>'.Bates also provided a mass of new observations on geographical distribution, <a href="/DCP-LETT-3100">forcing Darwin to rethink his ideas</a> about changes in plant populations during the glacial period. Darwin was mortified though to realise too late that he had <a href="/DCP-LETT-5106">forgotten to include Bates' work on variation</a> along with a paper by Joseph Hooker on the Arctic.</p> <p> </p> <h4><a id="4-5 ed" name="4-5 ed"><strong>4<sup>th</sup> to 5<sup>th</sup> edition</strong></a></h4> <p><em><a href="/DCP-LETT-6662">I have, also, had to correct a new Edit. of my "Origin", & this has taken me six week, for science progresses at Rail-road speed.</a></em></p> <p>('Rail-road speed' in the late 19<sup>th</sup> century meant fast!)</p> <p>Darwin worked on the fifth edition from Boxing Day 1868 until February 1869. Among the changes were stories about locust dung and diseased partridge feet, and a sly dig at his old foe and former friend, Richard Owen (see <a href="../../new-material-added-american-edition-origin#PrefaceUS">the 'historical sketch' written first for the US edition</a>). Readers from all over the world, such as a Dr Merrell, a homeopathic doctor from Iowa, continued to send him <a href="/DCP-LETT-6589">tidbits of additional information that were slotted in</a>. In one unlisted change, Darwin clarified his language about modification of use (from thorns for defence to hooks for climbing) when he realised a reference to 'unknown laws of organic growth' <a href="/DCP-LETT-6308">had been misinterpreted by the science-writer, and partner to George Eliot, George Henry Lewes</a>. And he took the opportunity to include <a href="/DCP-LETT-6513">at least one change only previously made in the 3<sup>rd</sup> German edition</a>.</p> <p><a href="/DCP-LETT-6512"><em>I find old notes about this difficulty, but I have hitherto slurred it over.</em></a></p> <p>In his Christmas Day letter to his old friend Joseph Hooker, Darwin asked for help responding to a serious criticism from the Swiss botanist, Carl Wilhelm von Nägeli, resulting in a substantial addition (<em>Origin</em> 5<sup>th</sup> ed, pp 151-3). Nägeli had argued for an innate tendency to perfectibility in nature based on his view that plant species were chiefly distinguished from one another by features that offered no practical benefit. Hooker's reply has been lost but can be partially inferred from the changes Darwin went on to make. 'You have given me heart' Darwin wrote back, '<a href="/DCP-LETT-6515">and I will fight my battle better than I shd otherwise have done</a>'.</p> <p>Perhaps the most significant changes though were on the old chestnuts of <a href="rewriting-origin-later-editions#geog%20dist">geographical distribution</a>, and <a href="../../how-old-earth">the age of the earth</a>, with the Scottish geologist James Croll entering the roll-call of significant correspondents.</p> <p> </p> <h4><a id="5-6 ed" name="5-6 ed"><strong>5<sup>th</sup> to 6<sup>th</sup> edition</strong></a></h4> <p align="center"><a href="/DCP-LETT-7988"><em><u>Proposed Advertisement</u></em></a></p> <p align="center"><a href="/DCP-LETT-7988"><em>Sixth & Cheap Edition of the Origin of Species (...... thousandth?)</em></a></p> <p align="center"><a href="/DCP-LETT-7988"><em>With answers to the various objections recently raised against the theory of Natural Selection. (With a glossary of scientific terms??)</em></a></p> <p align="center"><a href="/DCP-LETT-7988"><em>by Charles Darwin F.R.S.</em></a></p> <p> </p> <p>By the time he had finished the corrections for the sixth edition Darwin was pretty clear it would be his last. <a href="/DCP-LETT-8052">He agreed to have it stereotyped</a>, with casts made of the printing plates so that further copies could be more easily and cheaply printed off: 'I can see one great advantage,' he wrote to his publisher, '<a href="/DCP-LETT-8034">that it w<sup>d</sup> stop me ever trying again to improve the style & to make additions</a>'. (It didn't quite work: there was one further corrected version of the sixth edition in 1876.)</p> <p><em><a href="/DCP-LETT-7798">I have been told on authority which I can trust that in Lancashire, workmen club together to buy the Origin.</a></em></p> <p>Darwin had been pushing hard to make this final edition cheap enough for ordinary people to buy: the <a href="/DCP-LETT-7705">page size and typeface were altered</a> in an attempt to keep costs low, and he was <a href="/DCP-LETT-7798">disappointed when the cover price was fixed at 7s/6d</a>. Even his proposal of 6s he thought rather high for a general public '<a href="/DCP-LETT-8152">accustomed to novels for 1s</a>'. </p> <p>Other concessions to a larger target audience were also made. Darwin persuaded John Murray to <a href="/DCP-LETT-7988">include a glossary of scientific terms</a> which eventually ran to twelve pages. Even the title changed, from <em>On the Origin of Species</em>, to the snappier <em>The Origin of Species.</em></p> <p>It was a final chance to answer criticisms and incorporate new facts, and Darwin went back to many of his old friends and former correspondents, including Lyell (<a href="/DCP-LETT-6508">now approached through his assistant, Arabella Buckley</a>), <a href="/DCP-LETT-7995">Thomas Henry Huxley</a>, <a href="/DCP-LETT-7932A">Osbert Salvin</a>, <a href="/DCP-LETT-7994">Abraham Dee Bartlett</a>, <a href="/DCP-LETT-8012">George Busk</a>, and <a href="/DCP-LETT-8008">William Henry Flower</a>, asking for additional information or, in the case of Busk and Flower, requesting that they read through new text. Joseph Hooker's wife, Frances, dredged through her childhood memory for Darwin's half-remembered stories of <a href="/DCP-LETT-7878">a pet mouse kept by her father</a>.</p> <p>But a major impetus for a new edition was to fight back against the dangerously damaging criticisms published by the Catholic zoologist St George Jackson Mivart. Responding cost Darwin a great deal of time and energy and resulted in the addition of a substantially new chapter. '<a href="/DCP-LETT-8080F">It is delicious the calm way you jaw up the imposter M.</a>' wrote Darwin's son, William, who was following in the family tradition of helping his father with the proofs. William's appetite for vengeance had already been whetted by Thomas Henry Huxley's review of Mivart: 'I have read Huxley and enjoyed him awfully, <a href="/DCP-LETT-8084F">it is delicious feeling Mivart's bones crunching in one's mouth</a>'. <a href="../../st-george-jackson-mivart">Read more on Darwin's relationship with Mivart here</a>.</p> <p>At the other end of the scale, Darwin took the opportunity to clarify a calculation of population increase in elephants in response to a letter published in the <em>Athenaeum</em> by a writer <a href="/DCP-LETT-6775F">using the pseudonym 'Ponderer</a>', and to <a href="/DCP-LETT-8041F">reword another tiny point</a> in response to comments from his family.</p> <p>So many and such drastic changes, coupled with his own illness, <a href="/DCP-LETT-7964">delayed completion of the text</a>, and caused all sorts of problems for the new French edition which had already begun using the text of the 5<sup>th</sup> English edition but had fallen behind during the disruptions of the Franco-Prussian war, and which Darwin was <a href="/DCP-LETT-8142">keen should be brought up to date</a>. Immediately on sending off the final page proof, Darwin was anxious for the book to appear as soon as possible, rather unfairly <a href="/DCP-LETT-8187">blaming the slowness of the printers</a>.</p> <p> </p> <p class="rtecenter"><em>I venture to prophesy that whatever clouds of dust the 'powers of Doom' (who is stupidity) may raise about the 'Origin of Species'-it will remain fresh & helpful to all true students; and two thousand years hence-when my name is known only because it occurs in the 'origin' and learned scholars have decided that 'Darwin' was not a real person, but the assumed name of a society of distinguished naturalists who, being afraid of the Church, wrote under a pseudonym which is an obvious play upon the old English word 'Daring'-earnest students will be drawing new ideas from your inspiration-and consoling themselves with the reflection that after all, Truth doesn't die. </em></p> <p class="rteright"><a href="/DCP-LETT-7973">Thomas Henry Huxley, 28 September 1871</a></p> <hr/> <p> </p> <h5><em><a id="geog dist" name="geog dist">Geographical distribution</a></em></h5> <p>One difficulty for Darwin in arguing for common ancestry, was to explain the existence of similar species in both the northern and southern temperate zones. In the first edition of <a href="https://dcp-editorial.lib.cam.ac.uk/view?docId=bibliographies/bibl_6014.xml"><em>Origin</em></a> (pp. 377-8) he argued that, during glacial periods, temperate plants could have migrated through the tropical regions near the equator along mountain ranges - these would have become cool, while lower areas remained warm enough to preserve tropical plants. </p> <p>Joseph Hooker, with whom Darwin had been arguing on this head since long before <em>Origin</em> was written, had questioned whether tropical plants really would have survived in '<a href="/DCP-LETT-1983">so very cool a greenhouse</a>' and proposed instead that the distribution of plants and animals could be better explained by <a href="/DCP-LETT-4024">land-bridges and continental extension</a>. Darwin finally admitted the difficulty in the fourth edition of <a href="https://dcp-editorial.lib.cam.ac.uk/view?docId=bibliographies/bibl_6014.xml"><em>Origin</em></a> (pp. 450-1), but for the fifth edition was able to use James Croll's theory of ice ages to explain the survival of tropical plants. Croll postulated that ice ages alternated between hemispheres, with temperatures in the non-glaciated hemisphere rising (<a href="https://dcp-editorial.lib.cam.ac.uk/view?docId=bibliographies/bibl_6018.xml"><em>Origin</em> 5th ed.</a>, pp. 450-61). Despite continuing scepticism from Charles Lyell, who was staying with the Darwins when Croll's lengthy explanation arrived, <a href="/DCP-LETT-6585">Darwin seized on Croll's theory 'joyfully'</a>.</p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-name-field-term-related-letters field-type-text field-label-above"> <div class="field-label">Related letters: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even">6568</div> <div class="field-item odd">7007</div> <div class="field-item even">2594</div> <div class="field-item odd">2607</div> <div class="field-item even">2994</div> <div class="field-item odd">2550</div> <div class="field-item even">2561</div> <div class="field-item odd">2726</div> <div class="field-item even">6662</div> <div class="field-item odd">7988</div> <div class="field-item even">7973</div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-name-field-bibliography field-type-text-long field-label-above"> <div class="field-label">Further information: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even"> <p><a href="../../correlation">Correlation of growth: deaf blue-eyed cats, pigs, and poison</a></p> <p><a href="../../how-old-earth">How old is the earth?</a></p> <p><a href="../../whale-bear">The whale-bear</a></p> <p><a href="../../new-material-added-american-edition-origin">New material added to the American edition of <em>Origin</em></a></p> <p><a href="/origin-lost-changes-second-german-edition"><em>Origin</em>: the lost changes for the second German edition</a></p> <p><a href="../../natural-selection-trouble-terminology">Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I</a></p> <p><a href="../../survival-of-the-fittest">Survival of the fittest: the trouble with terminology Part II</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="campl-column3 campl-secondary-content"> <div class="region region-sidebar"> <div id="block-menu-block-3" class="block block-menu-block"> <div class="campl-content-container campl-no-bottom-padding"> <div class="campl-heading-container"> <h2>In this section:</h2> </div> </div> <div class="campl-content-container"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-3 menu-name-main-menu parent-mlid-0 menu-level-3"> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first leaf menu-mlid-3385 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Barrier%20reef.jpg?itok=2F1QJpfK)"><a href="journal-researches">Journal of researches</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3386 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Nomenclature%20of%20the%20valves.jpg?itok=IPSwrW5J)"><a href="living-and-fossil-cirripedia">Living and fossil cirripedia</a></li> <li class="collapsed menu-mlid-3400 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Natural%20Selection%20page.jpg?itok=3t8mZVx1)"><a href="origin-big-book">Before Origin: the 'big book'</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3406 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Origin%20cover_1859.jpg?itok=eUmxW2gz)"><a href="origin">Origin</a></li> <li class="expanded active-trail active menu-mlid-3407 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Origin-Spines.jpg?itok=jHvAD6fT)"><a href="rewriting-origin-later-editions" class="active-trail active">Rewriting Origin - the later editions</a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="first leaf menu-mlid-3412"><a href="rewriting-origin-later-editions/how-old-earth">How old is the earth?</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3411"><a href="rewriting-origin-later-editions/whale-bear">The whale-bear</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3413"><a href="rewriting-origin-later-editions/origin-lost-changes-second-german">Origin: the lost changes for the second German edition</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3404 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/orchids_cover3.jpg?itok=kMlJZfRP)"><a href="orchids">Orchids</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3662 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Solanum%20jasminoides.jpg?itok=FqrfKrMP)"><a href="climbing-plants">Climbing plants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3387 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/DAR_225_178.jpg?itok=Zc3lfCgr)"><a href="descent">Descent</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3388 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/DAR%2053.1%20C125r.jpg?itok=D-Wc1iAl)"><a href="expression">Expression</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3389 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Drosera-rotundiflora.jpg?itok=ybw7Urdy)"><a href="insectivorous-plants">Insectivorous plants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3663 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Long%20and%20short%20styled%20form.jpg?itok=4k9jJCMj)"><a href="forms-flowers">Forms of flowers</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-4084 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Cross%20and%20Self%20Diagram.jpg?itok=WOMOPSji)"><a href="cross-and-self-fertilisation">Cross and self fertilisation</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3405 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/Erasmus%20Darwin.jpg?itok=4asdQNd3)"><a href="life-erasmus-darwin">Life of Erasmus Darwin</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-3665 with-rh-icon" style="background-image:url(/sites/default/files/styles/rh-icon/public/MS-DAR-00209-00015-000-00089c.jpg?itok=7_bZSSKt)"><a href="movement-plants">Movement in Plants</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-cudl-related-letters" class="block block-cudl"> <div class="campl-content-container campl-no-bottom-padding"> <div class="campl-heading-container"> <h2>Related letters</h2> </div> </div> <div class="campl-content-container"> <div class="letter even"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-2550.xml">To T. H. Huxley 24 [November 1859]</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>Murray has sold out <i>Origin</i>; wants a new edition immediately.</p> <p>Asks THH to check whether Geoffroy <i>de</i> St Hilaire is correct [form of name].</p> <p>Would be grateful for THH's impressions on the truth of natural selection.</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter odd"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-2561.xml">To Charles Kingsley 30 November [1859]</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>Thanks CK for allowing him to insert his "admirable sentence" [in <i>Origin</i>, 2d ed., p. 481].</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter even"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-2594.xml">To John Murray 22 December [1859]</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>Asa Gray offers to arrange for reprinting <i>Origin</i> in U. S. CD has told him JM would send sheets of 2d ed. by post.</p> <p>CD thinks he has good scheme for his "larger work" in three volumes, with separate titles and a general title. Will be two years before first volume is ready because of his health.</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter odd"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-2607.xml">To John Murray 26 [December 1859]</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>Has sent off last proof of 2d ed. of <i>Origin</i>. Assumes JM has remembered the diagram. Asks that remaining clean sheets be sent to Asa Gray.</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter even"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-2726.xml">To Asa Gray 8 March [1860]</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>Further additions and corrections for American <i>Origin</i>.</p> <p>Views of Owen, G. H. K. Thwaites, and W. H. Harvey on CD's theories.</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter odd"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-2994.xml">To T. H. Huxley 22 November [1860]</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>Has had a good letter from Robert McDonnell. Thinks he will be converted in time.</p> <p>Impatient to see first number of <i>Natural History Review</i>.</p> <p>Murray wants a new edition of <i>Origin</i> immediately.</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter even"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-6568.xml">To J. D. Hooker [22 January 1869]</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>No paradox that unimportant characters are important systematically. This view removes heavy burden from CD's shoulders. Relief that JDH does not object.</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter odd"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-6662.xml">To Fritz Müller 14 March 1869</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>Translation of <i>Für Darwin</i> has been published [<i>Facts and arguments for Darwin</i> (1869)].</p> <p>Discusses dimorphic plants, commenting on FM's observations on <i>Oxalis</i>.</p> <p>Is greatly interested in <i>Eschscholzia</i>, which seems somewhat more self-sterile in Brazil than in England.</p> <p>Thinks FM's grass is "most wonderful".</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter even"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-7007.xml">To Charles Layton 24 November [1869]</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>CD long anxious for new American edition of <i>Origin</i> to incorporate corrections since 2d ed. [of 1860]; believes such updating has kept English and continental sales high. If Appleton unable to comply, he will ask Asa Gray to find another publisher.</p> <p>Mentions possible arrangements for U. S. edition of new book [<i>Descent</i>].</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter odd"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-7973.xml">From T. H. Huxley 28 September 1871</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>Sends proof of article for <i>Contemporary Review</i> [18 (1871): 443-76].</p> <p>Is grieved to hear that Mivart is author of <i>Quarterly Review</i> article. THH thought better of him than that.</p> <p>Compares the <i>Origin</i> to Plato's <i>Republic</i>: "it will remain fresh for two thousand years".</p> </div> </div> <div class="letter even"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-7988.xml">To John Murray 6 October [1871]</a></h3> <div class="summary"> <p>Has finished seven chapters of revision of <i>Origin</i> [6th ed.] despite poor health. Asks JM's opinion on a glossary of scientific terms. Encloses text for advertisement.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-cudl-related-people" class="block block-cudl"> <div class="campl-content-container campl-no-bottom-padding"> <div class="campl-heading-container"> <h2>Related people</h2> </div> </div> <div class="campl-content-container"> <div class="people even"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=nameregs/nameregs_2703.xml">Kingsley, Charles</a></h3> <div class="date">1819-75</div> <div class="summary">Author and clergyman. Appointed professor of English, Queen's College for Women, London, 1848. Regius professor of modern history, Cambridge University, 1860-9. Rector of Eversley, Hampshire, 1844-75. Chaplain to the queen, 1859-75.</div> </div> <div class="people odd"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=nameregs/nameregs_3051.xml">Lyell, Charles</a></h3> <div class="date">1797-1875</div> <div class="summary">Scottish geologist. Uniformitarian geologist whose Principles of geology (1830-3), Elements of geology (1838), and Antiquity of man (1863) appeared in many editions. Professor of geology, King's College, London, 1831. President of the Geological Society of London, 1835-7 and 1849-51; of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1864. Travelled widely and published accounts of his trips to the United States. CD's scientific mentor and friend. Knighted, 1848; created baronet, 1864. FRS 1826.</div> </div> <div class="people even"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=nameregs/nameregs_3350.xml">Mivart, S. G. J.</a></h3> <div class="date">1827-1900</div> <div class="summary">Comparative anatomist. Converted to Catholicism, 1844. Called to the bar, 1851, but never practised. Established his reputation as an anatomist by his studies on primates. Lecturer in comparative anatomy, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, 1862-84. Secretary, Linnean Society, 1874-80; vice-president, 1892. Professor of the philosophy of natural history, University of Louvain, 1890-3. Excommunicated, 1900. Vigorous critic of Darwinism. Attempted to reconcile evolutionary theory and Catholicism. FRS 1869.</div> </div> <div class="people odd"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=nameregs/nameregs_3629.xml">Owen, Richard</a></h3> <div class="date">1804-92</div> <div class="summary">Comparative anatomist. Assistant conservator of the Hunterian Museum, Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1827; Hunterian Professor of comparative anatomy and physiology, 1836-56. Superintendent of the natural history departments, British Museum, 1856-84; prime mover in establishing the Natural History Museum, South Kensington, 1881. President of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1858. Described the Beagle fossil mammal specimens. Knighted, 1884. FRS 1834.</div> </div> <div class="people even"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=nameregs/nameregs_4163.xml">Salvin, Osbert</a></h3> <div class="date">1835-98</div> <div class="summary">Ornithologist and entomologist. Undertook natural history explorations in North Africa, 1857, and Central America, 1857-60, 1861-3, 1873-4. Strickland Curator of ornithology, University of Cambridge, 1874-82. FRS 1873.</div> </div> <div class="people odd"> <h3><a href="/letter/?docId=nameregs/nameregs_760.xml">Busk, George</a></h3> <div class="date">1807-86</div> <div class="summary">Russian-born naval surgeon and naturalist. Served on the hospital ship at Greenwich, 1832-55. Retired from medical practice in 1855. Member of several scientific societies. President of the Microscopical Society, 1848-9; of the Anthropological Institute, 1873-4. Zoological secretary of the Linnean Society of London, 1857-68. Hunterian Professor of comparative anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1856-9; council member, 1863; member of board of examiners, 1868; president, 1871. Specialised in palaeontology and in the study of Bryozoa. FRS 1850.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-views-my-sidebar-block" class="block block-views"> <div> <div class="view view-my-sidebar view-id-my_sidebar view-display-id-block view-dom-id-3f2bcc7eab7f514d7c7be0562e543aa9"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-side-text"> <div class="field-content"> <h3>Read More</h3> <p><a href="../../correlation">Correlation of growth: deaf blue-eyed cats, pigs, and poison </a></p> <p><a href="../../how-old-earth">How old is the earth?</a></p> <p><a href="../../whale-bear">The whale-bear</a></p> <p><a href="../../new-material-added-american-edition-origin">New material added to the American edition of <em>Origin</em></a></p> <p><a href="/origin-lost-changes-second-german-edition"><em>Origin</em>: the lost changes for the second German edition</a></p> <p><a href="../../natural-selection-trouble-terminology">Natural Selection: the 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