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href="#发展历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>发展历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-发展历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-基本原理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#基本原理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>基本原理</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-基本原理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-運作細節" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#運作細節"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>運作細節</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-運作細節-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-固定电话系统" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#固定电话系统"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>固定电话系统</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-固定电话系统-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-使用情況" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#使用情況"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>使用情況</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-使用情況-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-各類型電話和通訊器材" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#各類型電話和通訊器材"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>各類型電話和通訊器材</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-各類型電話和通訊器材-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-电话系统、组织架构与服务" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#电话系统、组织架构与服务"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>电话系统、组织架构与服务</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-电话系统、组织架构与服务-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-符號編碼" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#符號編碼"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>符號編碼</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-符號編碼-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸閱讀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸閱讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>延伸閱讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸閱讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">电话</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。180种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-180" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">180种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefoon" title="Telefoon – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Telefoon" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%88%8D%E1%8A%AD" title="ስልክ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ስልክ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telef%C3%B3n" title="Telefón – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Telefón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feorrspreca" title="Feorrspreca – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Feorrspreca" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="टेलिफ़ोन – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="टेलिफ़ोन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81" title="هاتف – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هاتف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%99%DC%A5%DC%98%DC%A9%DC%90" title="ܙܥܘܩܐ – 阿拉米语" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܙܥܘܩܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="阿拉米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="تيليفون – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تيليفون" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="تليفون – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تليفون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel%C3%A9fonu" title="Teléfonu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Teléfonu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takapikenikan" title="Takapikenikan – 阿提卡米克语" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Takapikenikan" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="阿提卡米克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="تلفون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تلفون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilipuons" title="Tilipuons – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Tilipuons" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telepono" title="Telepono – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Telepono" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telepon" title="Telepon – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Telepon" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тэлефон – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тэлефон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тэлефон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тэлефон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="टेलीफोन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="टेलीफोन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8" title="টেলিফোন – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টেলিফোন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellgomz" title="Pellgomz – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pellgomz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel%C3%A8fon" title="Telèfon – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Telèfon" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C3%AAng-u%C3%A2" title="Diêng-uâ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Diêng-uâ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ase%C3%A9estsest%C3%B4tse" title="Aseéestsestôtse – 夏延语" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Aseéestsestôtse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="夏延语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%84%DB%95%D9%81%DB%86%D9%86" title="تەلەفۆن – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تەلەفۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ff%C3%B4n" title="Ffôn – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffôn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarifom" title="Tarifom – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Tarifom" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%94%CC%88tmec" title="Cɔ̈tmec – 丁卡语" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Cɔ̈tmec" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="丁卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%AAlefon" title="Têlefon – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Têlefon" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B7%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Τηλέφωνο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τηλέφωνο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone" title="Telephone – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Telephone" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefono" title="Telefono – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Telefono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel%C3%A9fono" title="Teléfono – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Teléfono" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefono" title="Telefono – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Telefono" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81%D9%86" title="تلفن – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تلفن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puhelin" title="Puhelin – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Puhelin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telehvon" title="Telehvon – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Telehvon" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9phone" title="Téléphone – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Téléphone" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilefoon" title="Tilefoon – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Tilefoon" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefoan" title="Telefoan – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Telefoan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teileaf%C3%B3n" title="Teileafón – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teileafón" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" title="電話 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="電話" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9fonn" title="Téléfonn – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Téléfonn" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B2n" title="Fòn – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Fòn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel%C3%A9fono" title="Teléfono – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Teléfono" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumbyry" title="Pumbyry – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pumbyry" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87hellvane" title="Çhellvane – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çhellvane" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waya" title="Waya – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Waya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thien-fa" title="Thien-fa – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thien-fa" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F" title="טלפון – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טלפון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7" title="दूरभाष – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दूरभाष" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone" title="Telephone – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Telephone" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telef%C3%B2n" title="Telefòn – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Telefòn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefonk%C3%A9sz%C3%BCl%C3%A9k" title="Telefonkészülék – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Telefonkészülék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Հեռախոս – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հեռախոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephono" title="Telephono – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Telephono" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telepon" title="Telepon – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Telepon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 国际文字（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="国际文字（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekwent%E1%BB%8B" title="Ekwentị – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ekwentị" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uqautitaun" title="Uqautitaun – 伊努皮克语" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Uqautitaun" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="伊努皮克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefonilo" title="Telefonilo – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Telefonilo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADmi" title="Sími – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sími" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefono" title="Telefono – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Telefono" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="電話機 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="電話機" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telifuon" title="Telifuon – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Telifuon" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/fonxa" title="fonxa – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="fonxa" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilpun" title="Tilpun – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tilpun" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ტელეფონი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტელეფონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%C5%8Bgalaafu" title="Kaŋgalaafu – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kaŋgalaafu" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%91" title="ទូរស័ព្ទ – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទូរស័ព្ទ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%BF" title="ದೂರವಾಣಿ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದೂರವಾಣಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%ED%99%94" title="전화 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%90%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="ٹیلِفون – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ٹیلِفون" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tellefoon" title="Tellefoon – 科隆语" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Tellefoon" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="科隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephonum" title="Telephonum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Telephonum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 拉迪诺语" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tillefoean" title="Tillefoean – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Tillefoean" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 伦巴第语" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="伦巴第语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebengeli" title="Ebengeli – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ebengeli" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%9A" title="ໂທລະສັບ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໂທລະສັບ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefonas" title="Telefonas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Telefonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefons" title="Telefons – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Telefons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefaonina" title="Telefaonina – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Telefaonina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talepon" title="Talepon – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Talepon" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA" title="ടെലിഫോൺ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ടെലിഫോൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80_%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Харилцуур утас – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Харилцуур утас" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="दूरध्वनी – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दूरध्वनी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%96%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="တယ်လီဖုန်း – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တယ်လီဖုန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="تیلفون – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تیلفون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel%C3%A8fene" title="Telèfene – 那不勒斯语" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Telèfene" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="那不勒斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefoon" title="Telefoon – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Telefoon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tillefoon" title="Tillefoon – 低萨克森语" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Tillefoon" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低萨克森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="टेलिफोन – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="टेलिफोन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefoontoestel" title="Telefoontoestel – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Telefoontoestel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9C%DF%8B%DF%9F%DF%8B%DF%B2%DF%9C%DF%8B%DF%9F%DF%8B%DF%B2" title="ߜߋߟߋ߲ߜߋߟߋ߲ – 西非书面文字" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߜߋߟߋ߲ߜߋߟߋ߲" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="西非书面文字" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9phone" title="Téléphone – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Téléphone" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telef%C3%B2n" title="Telefòn – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Telefòn" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8" title="ਟੈਲੀਫ਼ੋਨ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਟੈਲੀਫ਼ੋਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foohn" title="Foohn – 賓夕法尼亞德文" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Foohn" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="賓夕法尼亞德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 普法爾茨德文" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="普法爾茨德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel%C3%A9fon" title="Teléfon – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Teléfon" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="ٹیلی فون – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹیلی فون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%DA%96%D9%84%DB%90%DA%96%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="غږلېږدی – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="غږلېږدی" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefone" title="Telefone – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Telefone" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karurimana" title="Karurimana – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Karurimana" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 罗曼什语" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="罗曼什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefonu" title="Telefonu – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Telefonu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="दूरवाणी – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="दूरवाणी" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BF%D0%BF%D2%AF%D3%A9%D0%BD" title="Төлөппүөн – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Төлөппүөн" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel%C3%A8funu" title="Telèfunu – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Telèfunu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone" title="Telephone – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Telephone" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BD%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="ٽيليفون – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ٽيليفون" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atilifun" title="Atilifun – 希尔哈语" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Atilifun" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希尔哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AE%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="දුරකථනය – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දුරකථනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone" title="Telephone – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Telephone" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telef%C3%B3n" title="Telefón – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Telefón" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefoni" title="Telefoni – 萨摩亚语" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Telefoni" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="萨摩亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runhare" title="Runhare – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Runhare" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taleefoon" title="Taleefoon – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Taleefoon" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefoni" title="Telefoni – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Telefoni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telepon" title="Telepon – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Telepon" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simu" title="Simu – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Simu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/telay" title="telay – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="telay" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="தொலைபேசி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தொலைபேசி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81" title="టెలీఫోను – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="టెలీఫోను" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C" title="เครื่องโทรศัพท์ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เครื่องโทรศัพท์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telepono" title="Telepono – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Telepono" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qnawan_Ddilun" title="Qnawan Ddilun – 赛德克语" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Qnawan Ddilun" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="赛德克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahomatrofo%C9%94" title="Ahomatrofoɔ – 契维语" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Ahomatrofoɔ" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="契维语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Телефон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="فون – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Telefon" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%87n_tho%E1%BA%A1i" title="Điện thoại – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Điện thoại" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon%C3%B6m" title="Telefonöm – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Telefonöm" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefone" title="Telefone – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Telefone" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telepono" title="Telepono – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Telepono" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="电话 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电话" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazwi_alula_omculo_wefowuni" title="Amazwi alula omculo wefowuni – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Amazwi alula omculo wefowuni" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ტელეფონი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ტელეფონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9F" title="טעלעפאן – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טעלעפאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BA%B9lif%C3%B3%C3%B2n%C3%B9" title="Tẹlifóònù – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Tẹlifóònù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denva" title="Denva – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Denva" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" title="電話 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="電話" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-%C5%8De" title="Tiān-ōe – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-ōe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" title="電話 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電話" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11035#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> 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lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> 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data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Telephone" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" hreflang="zh"><span>维基导游</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11035" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div 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.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expert_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目需要<b>精通或熟悉相关主题的编者</b>参与及协助编辑。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2012年5月20日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%B0%88%E5%AE%B6%E9%82%80%E8%AB%8B%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%B0%8F%E7%B5%84" title="Wikipedia:專家邀請工作小組">邀請</a>適合的人士<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit">改善本条目</a>。更多的細節與詳情請參见<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="Talk:电话">討論頁</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-293bb00" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="IT"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Communication"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:无绳电话; zh-tw:無線電話;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:小灵通; zh-tw:PHS;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:移动电话; zh-tw:行動電話; zh-hk:流動電話; zh-sg:随身电话;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:移动; zh-tw:行動; zh-hk:流動; zh-sg:随身;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:数字移动电话; zh-tw:數位行動電話"></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1896_telephone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/1896_telephone.jpg/220px-1896_telephone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/1896_telephone.jpg/330px-1896_telephone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/1896_telephone.jpg/440px-1896_telephone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>來自<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a>的1896年電話</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Telephone-annees-60-p1010020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Telephone-annees-60-p1010020.jpg/220px-Telephone-annees-60-p1010020.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Telephone-annees-60-p1010020.jpg/330px-Telephone-annees-60-p1010020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Telephone-annees-60-p1010020.jpg/440px-Telephone-annees-60-p1010020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2352" data-file-height="1320" /></a><figcaption>使用按鈕的現代電話</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TalAutoMusTelephoneCandlestick.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/TalAutoMusTelephoneCandlestick.jpg/220px-TalAutoMusTelephoneCandlestick.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/TalAutoMusTelephoneCandlestick.jpg/330px-TalAutoMusTelephoneCandlestick.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/TalAutoMusTelephoneCandlestick.jpg/440px-TalAutoMusTelephoneCandlestick.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>一款<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%AD%E5%8F%B0%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" title="燭台電話">燭台電話</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>电话</b>是一種可以傳送與接收<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="聲音">聲音</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E7%A8%8B%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="遠程通信">遠程通信</a>裝置。早在十八世紀欧洲已有「電話」一詞，用來指用線串成的話筒（以線串起杯子）。電話的專利擁有權屬於<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%B1%89%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔">亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔</a>，貝爾於1876年3月申請電話的專利權<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但具体谁是发明人还存在争议。 </p><p>電話的基本元件包括將聲音轉換為信號的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E9%A2%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="麥克風">麥克風</a>（發射器）及可以將信號還原為聲音的<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B3%E6%A9%9F" title="耳機">耳機</a>（接收器）。此外，大部份的電話都有鈴或<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E9%B3%B4%E5%99%A8" title="蜂鳴器">蜂鳴器</a>，可以發出聲音，提醒有人打電話來，也有撥號盤，若要打電話給其他人時可以輸入<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC" title="電話號碼">電話號碼</a>。在1970年代以前的電話是用旋轉式的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電話撥號轉盤" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="rotary dial"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E6%92%A5%E8%99%9F%E8%BD%89%E7%9B%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電話撥號轉盤（页面不存在）">撥號轉盤</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/rotary_dial" class="extiw" title="en:rotary dial"><span lang="en" dir="auto">rotary dial</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>撥號，但<a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a>在1963年發表<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%9F%B3%E5%A4%9A%E9%A0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="雙音多頻">雙音多頻</a>的按鈕式撥號盤，後來撥號轉盤也都被按鈕所取代。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。電話的麥克風和耳機大部份會整合成<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%81%BD%E7%AD%92" title="電話聽筒">電話聽筒</a>，在打電話時有手拿著，<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E9%A3%8E" title="麦克风">麥克風</a>和耳機分別放在口及耳朵的旁邊。發射器可以將<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E6%B3%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="音波">音波</a>轉換為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-disambig" title="信号">信號</a>，藉由電話線路傳送到受話端，受話端將信號轉換為耳機（或是<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%87%E5%8F%AD" title="喇叭">喇叭</a>）中的聲音。 </p><p>历史上对电话的改进和发明包括：碳粉<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E9%A3%8E" title="麦克风">话筒</a>、人工交换板、拨号盘、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自动电话交换机（页面不存在）">自动电话交换机</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E6%8E%A7%E4%BA%A4%E6%8F%9B%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="程控交換機">程控電話交換機</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E9%9F%B3%E5%A4%9A%E9%A2%91" title="双音多频">双音多频</a>拨号、语音<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E9%87%87%E6%A0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数字采样（页面不存在）">数字采样</a>等。近年来的新技术包括，<a href="/wiki/ISDN" class="mw-redirect" title="ISDN">ISDN</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%BA%BF%E8%B7%AF" title="数字用户线路">DSL</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="网络电话">網絡電話</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E6%AF%94%E5%BC%8F%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="類比式行動電話系統">類比式行動電話系統</a>和<a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">數位行動電話</a>等。 </p><p>这一行业通常分为电话设备制造商和电话网络运营商。在历史上，网络运营商通常都拥有全国性的垄断。近年来，随着全球电信市场的开放和整合以及技术的发展，逐渐出现多家运营商在同一市场竞争的局面。例如，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="贝尔系统">贝尔系统</a>，即<a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a>的下属公司曾拥有美国电话市场的80%。1984年，由于<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E9%83%A8" title="美国司法部">美国司法部</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="反垄断">反垄断</a>诉讼，贝尔系统被迫分割成多个独立的地方贝尔公司。 </p><p>電話最早只是設計作為簡單的語音通訊使用，但許多現代的電話（特別是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="行動電話">行動電話</a>）增加許多額外的功能。例如<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%94%E9%8C%84%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="答錄機">答錄機</a>、傳送接收<span class="ilh-all ilh-blue" data-orig-title="文字訊息" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Text messaging"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E8%A8%8A%E6%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="文字訊息">文字訊息</a></span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A7%E7%9B%B8%E6%89%8B%E6%A9%9F" title="照相手機">拍攝及顯示照片</a>或影片、播放音樂及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E6%B5%8F%E8%A7%88%E5%99%A8" title="移动浏览器">上網</a>，現在移動電話的趨勢是整合移動電話通訊及大部份相關的運算功能，稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA" title="智能手机">智能手机</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="发展历史"><span id=".E5.8F.91.E5.B1.95.E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>发展历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：发展历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="电话的历史">电话的历史</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%B1%89%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔">亞歷山大·格拉漢姆·貝爾</a>一般被认为是電話的發明者。2002年6月11日<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="美國國會">美國國會</a>的269議案承认了安東尼奧·穆齊的贡献。一些人认为这是承认穆齊才是电话发明人<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但这种说法存在争议，因为议案并没有明说“安東尼奧·穆齊就是发明人”<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bethune_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bethune-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。此外<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="約翰·菲利普·雷斯">約翰·菲利普·雷斯</a>等也有可能是电话发明人。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="基本原理"><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E6.9C.AC.E5.8E.9F.E7.90.86"></span>基本原理</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：基本原理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Telephoneschematic.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Telephoneschematic.gif/400px-Telephoneschematic.gif" decoding="async" width="400" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Telephoneschematic.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="596" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption>固網電話的示意圖</figcaption></figure> <p>傳統的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E7%B6%B2%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="固網電信">固網電信</a>電話系統，也稱為「<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E8%80%81%E5%BC%8F%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="普通老式电话服务">普通老式電話服務</a>」（<span lang="en">POTS</span>）會將控制線及音頻線放在同様的絕緣<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E7%BB%9E%E7%BA%BF" title="双绞线">雙絞線</a>（圖中的C，下同）上，也就是電話線。信號設備（參考左圖）包括鐘、蜂鳴器、燈光或其他設備（A7）提醒使用者有來電，<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%9F%B3%E5%A4%9A%E9%A0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="雙音多頻">數字按鈕</a>或是<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電話撥號轉盤" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="rotary dial"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E6%92%A5%E8%99%9F%E8%BD%89%E7%9B%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電話撥號轉盤（页面不存在）">電話撥號轉盤</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/rotary_dial" class="extiw" title="en:rotary dial"><span lang="en" dir="auto">rotary dial</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>（A4）可以輸入要打的電話號碼。固網電話服務中最大的開銷就是在電話線路，因此電話會將雙方的通話都由同一對絞線來傳送。絞線減少<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%B9%B2%E6%93%BE" title="電磁干擾">電磁干擾</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B2%E6%89%B0" title="串扰">串扰</a>的效果比單一線或是一對沒有絞的線要好。麥克風接收到的聲音會轉換為電波送出，此信號會比對方說話傳送過來的信號要強，但在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%A7%E9%9F%B3" title="侧音">侧音</a>中一方講話的訊號不會蓋過對方說話傳來的訊號，因為<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混合線圈" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="hybrid coil"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E7%B7%9A%E5%9C%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混合線圈（页面不存在）">混合線圈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hybrid_coil" class="extiw" title="en:hybrid coil"><span lang="en" dir="auto">hybrid coil</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>（A3）會將送到聽筒的聲音減掉麥克風的聲音。接線盒（B）抑制雷擊及進行<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E6%8A%97%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D" title="阻抗匹配">阻抗匹配</a>根據電話線的長度，使信息最大。電話也會針對室內線路長度作對應的調整（A8）。電話線上的電壓相對地是負的，以減少<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伽凡尼腐蝕" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="galvanic corrosion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%BD%E5%87%A1%E5%B0%BC%E8%85%90%E8%9D%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伽凡尼腐蝕（页面不存在）">伽凡尼腐蝕</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/galvanic_corrosion" class="extiw" title="en:galvanic corrosion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">galvanic corrosion</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>。負電壓會吸引正的金屬離子到電線上。 </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="運作細節"><span id=".E9.81.8B.E4.BD.9C.E7.B4.B0.E7.AF.80"></span>運作細節</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：運作細節"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antique_Wall_telephone_w_hand_crank.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Antique_Wall_telephone_w_hand_crank.JPG/220px-Antique_Wall_telephone_w_hand_crank.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="344" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Antique_Wall_telephone_w_hand_crank.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="276" data-file-height="431" /></a><figcaption>1900年代早期的電話</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alt_Telefon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Alt_Telefon.jpg/220px-Alt_Telefon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Alt_Telefon.jpg/330px-Alt_Telefon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Alt_Telefon.jpg/440px-Alt_Telefon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="879" /></a><figcaption>1940年代的撥號電話</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IP_Video_Phone_1535-DSCN1202-2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/IP_Video_Phone_1535-DSCN1202-2.JPG/220px-IP_Video_Phone_1535-DSCN1202-2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/IP_Video_Phone_1535-DSCN1202-2.JPG/330px-IP_Video_Phone_1535-DSCN1202-2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/IP_Video_Phone_1535-DSCN1202-2.JPG/440px-IP_Video_Phone_1535-DSCN1202-2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1798" data-file-height="1763" /></a><figcaption>2000年代內含微電腦晶片的網路影像電話</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Attendant_Console.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Attendant_Console.jpg/220px-Attendant_Console.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Attendant_Console.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption>內含轉接<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E6%A9%9F" title="總機">總機</a>的電話，常見於企業辦公室</figcaption></figure> <p>固網電話會包括一個切換開關（A4）及一個警示裝置，多半是蜂鳴器（A7），當電話掛上（<span lang="en">on hook</span>）時，開關開路，警示裝置會連接到電話線，其他裝置是在電話未掛上（<span lang="en">off hook</span>）時連接到電話線，包括傳送器（麥克風，A2）、接收器（喇叭，A1），以及其他撥號、濾波（A3）及放大用的裝置。 </p><p>當<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E8%A9%B1%E6%96%B9" title="發話方">發話方</a>想要打電話時，會將電話聽筒拿起，會藉由一個槓桿使切換開關導通（A4），因此傳送器（麥克風）、接收器（喇叭）及其他音頻相關元件會有電。電話未掛上的電路阻抗較低（小於300<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E5%A7%86" title="歐姆">歐姆</a>），因此會產生直流電流，送到交換機。交換機偵測到電流，將電話線連接一數位接收電路，並且送出<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%A5%E8%99%9F%E9%9F%B3" title="撥號音">撥號音</a>通知發話方已可以撥號。若是使用現代的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="按鈕式電話" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Push-button telephone"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8C%89%E9%88%95%E5%BC%8F%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="按鈕式電話（页面不存在）">按鈕式電話</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push-button_telephone" class="extiw" title="en:Push-button telephone"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Push-button telephone</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>，發話方在按鍵上按<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E8%A9%B1%E6%96%B9" title="受話方">受話方</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC" title="電話號碼">電話號碼</a>，透過電路產生給交換機接收的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E9%9F%B3%E5%A4%9A%E9%A2%91" title="双音多频">双音多频</a>信號双音多频。若是<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電話撥號轉盤" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rotary dial"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E6%92%A5%E8%99%9F%E8%BD%89%E7%9B%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電話撥號轉盤（页面不存在）">轉盤式電話</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotary_dial" class="extiw" title="en:Rotary dial"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rotary dial</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>利用<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%89%E5%86%B2%E6%8B%A8%E5%8F%B7" title="脉冲拨号">脈衝撥號</a>方式以脈衝表示電話號碼，因此交換機可以收到電話號碼（到2010年止許多交換機仍可以處理脈衝撥號）。若受話方的電話沒有忙線，交換機送出間歇式的電話鈴訊號給受話方（北美及英國是交流75V，德國則是交流60V），提醒受流方有電話打來了。若受話方的電話忙線，交換機送出<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%99%E9%9F%B3" title="忙音">忙音</a>給發話方，但若受話方有安裝<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="插撥" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="call waiting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%92%E6%92%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="插撥（页面不存在）">插撥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/call_waiting" class="extiw" title="en:call waiting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">call waiting</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>機能，交換機會送出間歇式的告知音，告知有來電。 </p><p>電話的蜂鳴器（A7）透過一個<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AE%B9%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="電容器">電容器</a>連接到電話線，因此直流訊號無法通過，只有交流的振鈴訊號才能通過。當電話掛上時不消耗電流（在不考慮電話上的燈或其附加裝置的情形下），但電話線上會持續的有直流電壓。交換機電路（D2）會送交流信號啟動蜂鳴器，告知有來電。在沒有自動交換機的時代，電話會有手搖的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电话磁石" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="telephone magneto"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E7%A3%81%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电话磁石（页面不存在）">电话磁石</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/telephone_magneto" class="extiw" title="en:telephone magneto"><span lang="en" dir="auto">telephone magneto</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>產生振鈴電壓給交換機或線上的其他電話。當固網電話掛上（<span lang="en">on hook</span>）時，電話交換機的線路偵測到上面沒有直流電流，因此知知道此電話未使用。當發話方開始打電話時，交換機送出振鈴訊號，當受話方拿起聽筒時，會觸發一個雙重的切換開關，切斷警示裝置，並且導通電話中的音頻裝置，因此會從電話線上抽取電流。確認此電話在使用中。交換機線路會將振鈴訊號切掉，兩台電話都是可使用的，藉由電話線路連線。只要雙方的切換開關都導通（<span lang="en">off hook</span>），雙方就可以通話。若任何一方結束通話，將電話聽筒放回電話上，線上直流電流中斷，告知交換機這通電話已結束了。 </p><p>若通話雙方不是連接同一個交換機，信號會透過交換機之間的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%B9%BC%E9%8F%88%E6%8E%A5" title="中繼鏈接">中繼鏈接</a>來連接，現在的電信網路中，這部份的連接會用<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%96%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="光纖通訊">光纖通訊</a>及<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="数字多路系统" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Digital Multiplex System"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数字多路系统（页面不存在）">数字多路系统</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Multiplex_System" class="extiw" title="en:Digital Multiplex System"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Digital Multiplex System</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>進行，相關遠距離的通訊可以透過<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="通訊衛星">衛星通訊</a>進行。 </p><p>大部份的固網電話，其麥克風及喇叭都會放在聽筒中。麥克風（A2）是由電話線供電，會產生其<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%BB%E7%8E%87_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8)" title="頻率 (物理學)">頻率</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AF%E5%B9%85" title="振幅">振幅</a>都會依到達隔膜的聲音來變化的調變電子訊號。電流會延電話線傳送到交換機，再送到另一個電話。當信號通過接收器（A3）的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="声圈" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="voice coil"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A3%B0%E5%9C%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="声圈（页面不存在）">声圈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voice_coil" class="extiw" title="en:voice coil"><span lang="en" dir="auto">voice coil</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>時，變化的電流使接收器的隔膜會產生對應的振動，因此可以複製原來發話端的聲音。 </p><p>除了麥克風及喇叭外，也有其他電路避免麥克風信號及喇叭信號相互干擾，這是藉由<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混合線圈" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="hybrid coil"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E7%B7%9A%E5%9C%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混合線圈（页面不存在）">混合線圈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hybrid_coil" class="extiw" title="en:hybrid coil"><span lang="en" dir="auto">hybrid coil</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>（A3）達到的。電話線上進來的信號會通過電阻（A8）及線圈（A3）通到喇叭（A1），因為電阻及線圈的阻抗比麥克風（A2）要低，因此幾乎所有的進來的信號都會到喇叭，不會到麥克風。 </p><p>同時電話線上的直流電壓產生了直流電流，會分為電阻-線圈（A8-A3）及麥克風-線圈（A2-A3）兩個路徑，延著麥克風-線圈路徑的直流電流會因聲音轉換為交流電流，只通過線圈（A3）主繞組的上方路徑，主繞組上方路徑的圈數比下方的略小，因此部份的電流會回到喇叭，但主要的會透過電話線送出。 </p><p><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="架线工的聽筒" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="lineman's handset"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%B6%E7%BA%BF%E5%B7%A5%E7%9A%84%E8%81%BD%E7%AD%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="架线工的聽筒（页面不存在）">架线工的聽筒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/lineman%27s_handset" class="extiw" title="en:lineman's handset"><span lang="en" dir="auto">lineman's handset</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>是專門為測試電話線路而設計的電話機，也可以直接接到架空電纜或是其他基礎設備的元件上。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="固定电话系统"><span id=".E5.9B.BA.E5.AE.9A.E7.94.B5.E8.AF.9D.E7.B3.BB.E7.BB.9F"></span>固定电话系统</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：固定电话系统"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>固定电话系统通常称为<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%94%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E7%BD%91" class="mw-redirect" title="公用电话交换网">公用电话交换网</a>。在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-disambig" title="交换机">交换机</a>与用户之间通常以铜线连接。近年来，<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="光纤">光纤</a>部分地替代铜线。通话所使用的频率范围为0-3.5千赫兹。更高的频率在接入交换局时被滤掉。模拟话音信号进一步被<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E6%A0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="采样">采样</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%8C%96_(%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86)" title="量化 (信号处理)">量化</a>成为数字信号，以便在数字交换传输网络中传递。 </p><p>端局是指用户拥有直接连线连接的交换机。<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%BA%BF" title="用户线">用户线</a>是指用户与端局之间的线路。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E7%BB%A7%E7%BA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中继线（页面不存在）">中继线</a>是指连接不同交换机的电路。中继线群是指一组介于同样两个交换机之间的中繼續。 </p><p>自动电话系统通常使用数字组合来代表和寻址不同的用户，这也就是<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%8F%B7%E7%A0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="电话号码">电话号码</a>。电话号码系统通常会区分本地电话、长途电话和国际电话。拨打本地电话通常可以直接拨本地号码。长途电话则需拨<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%86%A0%E7%A2%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="國際冠碼">國際冠碼</a>［<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="国际电信联盟">国际电信联盟</a>（ITU）推荐使用“0”），加国内长途区号和本地号码。国际电话则需拨国际长途字冠（ITU推荐使用“00”）、国际长途区号、国内长途区号和本地号码。美国和加拿大使用“1”作为国内长途字冠，“011”为国际长途字冠。国际长途区号请参见<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%80%94%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="长途电话代码列表">国际长途电话区号表</a>。 </p><p>大型企业或机构通常会使用专用电话交换机（<span lang="en">PBX</span>）。专用交换机使用系统内部的号码，通常也同时占用公用电话号码的某一区段。一些大型公司的内部电话网连接不同的城市甚至不同的国家。 </p><p>多数PSTN网络在用户和端局之间使用模拟信号传输。 <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E4%B8%9A%E5%8A%A1%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%BD%91" title="综合业务数字网">综合业务数字网</a>则是使用数字信号来连接用户和端局的系统。 </p><p>在电话交换机之间，目前通常使用<a href="/wiki/7%E8%99%9F%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="7號信令">7号信令</a>系统传输<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%A4" title="信令">信令</a>。 </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="使用情況"><span id=".E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8.E6.83.85.E6.B3.81"></span>使用情況</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：使用情況"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>到2009年底為止，固定電話已有12.6億的用戶，行動電話已有46億的用戶，總計幾乎60億的電話用戶<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="各類型電話和通訊器材"><span id=".E5.90.84.E9.A1.9E.E5.9E.8B.E9.9B.BB.E8.A9.B1.E5.92.8C.E9.80.9A.E8.A8.8A.E5.99.A8.E6.9D.90"></span>各類型電話和通訊器材</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：各類型電話和通訊器材"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E7%B6%B2%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="固網電話">固網電話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BB%B3%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="无绳电话">无绳电话</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0%E7%8E%AF%E8%B7%AF" title="无线本地环路">無線環路</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%AD%90%E6%AF%8D%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电话子母机（页面不存在）">电话子母机</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E6%97%A0%E7%BB%B3%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数字无绳电话（页面不存在）">数字无绳电话</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A8%A1%E6%8B%9F%E6%97%A0%E7%BB%B3%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="模拟无绳电话（页面不存在）">模拟无绳电话</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="移动电话">移动电话</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E6%89%8B%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="智能手機">智能手機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%81%B5%E9%80%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="小灵通">小灵通</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E7%9C%9F%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="傳真機">传真机</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="电话系统、组织架构与服务"><span id=".E7.94.B5.E8.AF.9D.E7.B3.BB.E7.BB.9F.E3.80.81.E7.BB.84.E7.BB.87.E6.9E.B6.E6.9E.84.E4.B8.8E.E6.9C.8D.E5.8A.A1"></span>电话系统、组织架构与服务</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：电话系统、组织架构与服务"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-disambig" title="电话区号">电话区号</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E7%94%B5%E7%A0%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="控制电码（页面不存在）">控制电码</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E6%8E%A7%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E6%9C%BA" title="程控交换机">程控交换机</a>、 <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="电话交换中心">电话交换中心</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="可视电话">可视电话</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="电话会议">电话会议</a>（<span lang="en">Global Conference Bridge</span>）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="集团电话（页面不存在）">集团电话</a>、<a href="/wiki/IP%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="IP电话">IP电话</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="热线电话">热线电话</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%94%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="公用电话">公用电话</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%82%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="市话（页面不存在）">市话</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%80%94%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="长途电话">长途电话</a>、 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="卫星电话">卫星电话</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%AD%E9%9F%B3%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="语音电话（页面不存在）">语音电话</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海事电话（页面不存在）">海事电话</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A3%81%E5%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="磁卡电话（页面不存在）">磁卡电话</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%BE%E6%8A%A5%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="举报电话（页面不存在）">举报电话</a>、<a href="/wiki/ADSL" title="ADSL">ADSL</a>、<a href="/wiki/ISDN" class="mw-redirect" title="ISDN">ISDN</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="网络交换机">网络交换机</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E5%99%A8" title="路由器">路由器</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E5%B1%80%E5%9F%9F%E7%BD%91" title="无线局域网">无线局域网</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%83%E5%88%B6%E8%A7%A3%E8%B0%83%E5%99%A8" title="调制解调器">调制解调器</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="短信息">短信息</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E7%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="传真">传真</a>、<a href="/wiki/GPRS" title="GPRS">GPRS</a>、<a href="/wiki/CDMA" class="mw-redirect" title="CDMA">CDMA</a>、<a href="/wiki/CDPD" class="mw-redirect" title="CDPD">CDPD</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E7%B6%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="互聯網">网络</a>、 <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E9%BB%84%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="电信黄页">电信黄页</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%8D%A1" class="mw-disambig" title="电话卡">电话卡</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=200%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="200卡（页面不存在）">200卡</a>、 <a href="/w/index.php?title=201%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="201卡（页面不存在）">201卡</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%85%85%E5%80%BC%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电话充值卡（页面不存在）">电话充值卡</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=114_(%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="114 (電話號碼)（页面不存在）">114</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=110_(%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="110 (電話號碼)（页面不存在）">110</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=112_(%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="112 (電話號碼)（页面不存在）">112</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=119(%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="119(電話號碼)（页面不存在）">119</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=120_(%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="120 (電話號碼)（页面不存在）">120</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=122_(%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="122 (電話號碼)（页面不存在）">122</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E7%A3%81%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电话磁卡（页面不存在）">电话磁卡</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电话银行（页面不存在）">电话银行</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="符號編碼"><span id=".E7.AC.A6.E8.99.9F.E7.B7.A8.E7.A2.BC"></span>符號編碼</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：符號編碼"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>电话的<a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>字符包括： </p> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79829556">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">U+2121</span></span> <span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">℡</span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71146900">.mw-parser-output .smallcaps-all{font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase}.mw-parser-output .smallcaps-all>span{font-variant:normal;text-transform:none}</style><span class="smallcaps-all">TELEPHONE SIGN</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79829556" /><span class="monospaced">U+260E</span></span> <span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">☎</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r71146900" /><span class="smallcaps-all">BLACK TELEPHONE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79829556" /><span class="monospaced">U+260F</span></span> <span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">☏</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r71146900" /><span class="smallcaps-all">WHITE TELEPHONE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79829556" /><span class="monospaced">U+2706</span></span> <span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">✆</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r71146900" /><span class="smallcaps-all">TELEPHONE LOCATION SIGN</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79829556" /><span class="monospaced">U+1F4DE</span></span> <span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">📞</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r71146900" /><span class="smallcaps-all">TELEPHONE RECEIVER</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-disambig" title="無線電話">無線電話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%9F%B3%E5%A4%9A%E9%A0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="雙音多頻">雙音多頻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%A7%E9%9F%B3" title="侧音">侧音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%A5%E8%99%9F%E9%9F%B3" title="撥號音">撥號音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E9%93%83%E9%9F%B3" title="回铃音">回鈴音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%99%E9%9F%B3" title="忙音">忙音</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈佛句" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Harvard sentences"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%8F%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈佛句（页面不存在）">哈佛句</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_sentences" class="extiw" title="en:Harvard sentences"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Harvard sentences</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="卫星电话">卫星电话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E9%8D%B5%E7%9B%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="電話鍵盤">電話鍵盤</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电话插塞" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Telephone plug"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E6%8F%92%E5%A1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电话插塞（页面不存在）">电话插塞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_plug" class="extiw" title="en:Telephone plug"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Telephone plug</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="电话交换机">电话交换机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8A%E8%81%BD" title="竊聽">竊聽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E8%A8%8A%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" title="視訊電話">視訊電話</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111112215206/http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/caat/caat_rptcaatc.php?_op=%3FSUBJECT_ID%3A300249768">藝術與建築索引典—電話</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-04-21</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/caat/caat_rptcaatc.php?_op=?SUBJECT_ID:300249768">原始内容</a>存档于2011-11-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&rft.btitle=%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E8%88%87%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%E5%85%B8%E2%80%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdb1x.sinica.edu.tw%2Fcaat%2Fcaat_rptcaatc.php%3F_op%3D%3FSUBJECT_ID%3A300249768&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dodd, Annabel Z., <i>The Essential Guide to Telecommunications</i>. Prentice Hall PTR, 2002, p. 183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050124005929/http://www.house.gov/fossella/Press/pr020611.htm">Rep. Fossella's Resolution Honoring True Inventor of Telephone To Pass House Tonight</a>. Office of Congressman Vito J. Fossella. 11 June 2002. 原始内容存档于24 January 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&rft.btitle=Rep.+Fossella%27s+Resolution+Honoring+True+Inventor+of+Telephone+To+Pass+House+Tonight&rft.date=2002-06-11&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Office+of+Congressman+Vito+J.+Fossella&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.house.gov%2Ffossella%2FPress%2Fpr020611.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated3_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Estreich, Bob. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bobsoldphones.net/Pages/Essays/Meucci/Meucci.htm">Antonio Meucci: (section) The Resolution</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130528053351/http://www.bobsoldphones.net/Pages/Essays/Meucci/Meucci.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）; retrieved from BobsOldPhones.net website, 25 February 2011;<br />"the text of the Resolution DOES NOT acknowledge Meucci as the inventor of the telephone. It does acknowledge his early work on the telephone, but even this is open to question."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bethune-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bethune_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bethune, Brian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100811014658/http://www.macleans.ca/science/technology/article.jsp?content=20080123_5960_5960">"Did Bell steal the idea for the phone?"</a>, <i>Macleans</i>, 23 January 2008; retrieved 30 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303214415/http://www.itu.int/newsroom/press_releases/2007/20.html">Next-Generation Networks Set to Transform Communications</a>. International Telecommunications Union website. 2007-09-04 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2009-07-05</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/newsroom/press_releases/2007/20.html">原始内容</a>存档于2016-03-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&rft.atitle=Next-Generation+Networks+Set+to+Transform+Communications&rft.date=2007-09-04&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Telecommunications+Union+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itu.int%2Fnewsroom%2Fpress_releases%2F2007%2F20.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸閱讀"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.96.B1.E8.AE.80"></span>延伸閱讀</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：延伸閱讀"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Sobel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Sobel（页面不存在）">Sobel, Robert</a> (1974), <i>The Entrepreneurs: Explorations Within the American Business Tradition</i>. Weybright & Talley. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0679400648" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-679-40064-8</a>.</li> <li>Todd, Kenneth P. (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080711065530/http://www.porticus.org/bell/capsule_bell_system.html"><i>A Capsule History of the Bell System</i></a>. American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avital_Ronell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avital Ronell（页面不存在）">Ronell, Avital</a>. (1989), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?isbn=0803289383"><i>The Telephone Book: Technology, Schizophrenia, Electric Speech</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0803289383" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8032-8938-3</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>中相关的多媒体资源：<b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D?uselang=zh">电话</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%8E%E9%81%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="維基導遊">維基導遊</a>上的相關旅行指南：<b><a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" class="extiw" title="voy:电话">电话</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">查看<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="维基词典">维基词典</a>中的词条「<b><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/电话">电话</a></b>」。</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">查看<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="维基词典">维基词典</a>中的词条「<b><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="wikt:無線電話">無線電話</a></b>」。</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://galbithink.org/telcos/early-telephone-data.htm">Early U.S. Telephone Industry Data</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150302135241/http://galbithink.org/telcos/early-telephone-data.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119174634/http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Telephone">1911 Britannica "Telephone" article</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sparkmuseum.com/TELEPHONE.HTM">Virtual museum of early telephones</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140815065445/http://www.sparkmuseum.com/TELEPHONE.HTM">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080828132509/http://www.theengineer.co.uk/Articles/294346/July+1877+The+Telephone.htm">The Telephone, 1877</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Telephone">Telephone</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150224184342/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Telephone">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Citizendium</li> <li>短片 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/details/now_youre_talking_1927">"Now You're Talking (1927)"</a> 可在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>自由下载</li> <li>短片 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/details/history_of_communication">"Communication (1928)"</a> 可在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>自由下载</li> <li>短片 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/details/gov.archives.arc.89089.r1">"Telephone Memories (Reel 1 of 2) (1931)"</a> 可在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>自由下载</li> <li>短片 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/details/gov.archives.arc.89089.r2">"Telephone Memories (Reel 2 of 2) (1931)"</a> 可在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>自由下载</li> <li>短片 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/details/FarSpeak1935">"Far Speaking (ca. 1935)"</a> 可在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>自由下载</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="Template:電信"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="Template talk:電信"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:電信"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="电信" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="电信">电信</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电信发展史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of telecommunication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电信发展史（页面不存在）">电信历史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" class="extiw" title="en:History of telecommunication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of telecommunication</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="信标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beacon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="信标（页面不存在）">信标</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beacon" class="extiw" title="en:Beacon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beacon</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="广播发展史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of broadcasting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="广播发展史（页面不存在）">广播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_broadcasting" class="extiw" title="en:History of broadcasting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of broadcasting</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电缆保护系统" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cable protection system"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E7%BC%86%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电缆保护系统（页面不存在）">电缆保护系统</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_protection_system" class="extiw" title="en:Cable protection system"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cable protection system</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="有线电视">有线电视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F#历史" title="通訊衛星">通信卫星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C#歷史" title="计算机网络">计算机网络</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9" title="数据压缩">数据压缩</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="音频编码格式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Audio coding format"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%B3%E9%A2%91%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="音频编码格式（页面不存在）">音频</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_coding_format" class="extiw" title="en:Audio coding format"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Audio coding format</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E6%95%A3%E4%BD%99%E5%BC%A6%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" title="离散余弦变换">DCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9" title="图像压缩">图像</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="视频编码格式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Video coding format"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="视频编码格式（页面不存在）">视频</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_coding_format" class="extiw" title="en:Video coding format"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Video coding format</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="数字媒体">数字媒体</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="互联网视频" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Internet video"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="互联网视频（页面不存在）">互联网视频</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_video" class="extiw" title="en:Internet video"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Internet video</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%B1%E7%89%87%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E7%B6%B2%E7%AB%99" title="影片分享網站">影片分享網站</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94" title="社群媒體">社群媒體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="流媒体">流媒体</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="通讯鼓" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Drums in communication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF%E9%BC%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="通讯鼓（页面不存在）">鼓</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drums_in_communication" class="extiw" title="en:Drums in communication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Drums in communication</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃德霍姆定律" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Edholm's law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%A7%86%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃德霍姆定律（页面不存在）">埃德霍姆定律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edholm%27s_law" class="extiw" title="en:Edholm's law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Edholm's law</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%A5#历史" title="电报">电报</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E7%9C%9F#歷史" title="傳真">传真</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="回光信号器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Heliograph"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9E%E5%85%89%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="回光信号器（页面不存在）">回光信号器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliograph" class="extiw" title="en:Heliograph"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Heliograph</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="液压电报机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hydraulic telegraph"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B6%B2%E5%8E%8B%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%A5%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="液压电报机（页面不存在）">液压电报机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_telegraph" class="extiw" title="en:Hydraulic telegraph"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hydraulic telegraph</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="信息时代">信息时代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="資訊革命">資訊革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="互联网历史">互联网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%9C%BE%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94" title="大眾媒體">大眾媒體</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="移动电话历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of mobile phones"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="移动电话历史（页面不存在）">手机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_mobile_phones" class="extiw" title="en:History of mobile phones"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of mobile phones</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA" title="智能手机">智能手机</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="光通訊">光通訊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%9B%BB%E5%A0%B1" title="光電報">光电报</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E5%91%BC%E6%A9%9F" title="傳呼機">傳呼機</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="光音机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photophone"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%89%E9%9F%B3%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="光音机（页面不存在）">光音机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photophone" class="extiw" title="en:Photophone"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photophone</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="预付费手机历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of prepaid mobile phones"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%84%E4%BB%98%E8%B4%B9%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="预付费手机历史（页面不存在）">预付费手机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_prepaid_mobile_phones" class="extiw" title="en:History of prepaid mobile phones"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of prepaid mobile phones</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电台历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电台历史（页面不存在）">电台</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_radio" class="extiw" title="en:History of radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of radio</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-disambig" title="無線電話">无线电话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="通訊衛星">卫星通讯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%97%E8%AA%9E" title="旗語">旗語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="半导体">半导体</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E5%99%A8%E4%BB%B6" title="半导体器件">器件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E5%A0%B4%E6%95%88%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" title="金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體">MOSEFT</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="晶体管历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of the transistor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%AE%A1%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="晶体管历史（页面不存在）">晶体管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_transistor" class="extiw" title="en:History of the transistor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of the transistor</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%BD%E7%81%AB" title="烽火">烽火</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电信发展史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of telecommunication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电信发展史（页面不存在）">电信</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" class="extiw" title="en:History of telecommunication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of telecommunication</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电报传真机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Telautograph"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%A5%E4%BC%A0%E7%9C%9F%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电报传真机（页面不存在）">电报传真机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telautograph" class="extiw" title="en:Telautograph"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Telautograph</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%82%B3%E6%89%93%E5%AD%97%E6%A9%9F" title="電傳打字機">电传</a> <ul><li>电传打字机</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="电话的历史">电话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E6%A1%88" title="电话案">电话案</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B2" title="电视史">电视</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="数字电视">数字电视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="网络电视">网络电视</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%BA%95%E9%9B%BB%E7%BA%9C" title="海底電纜">海底電纜</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="视频电话历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of videotelephony"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="视频电话历史（页面不存在）">视频电话</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_videotelephony" class="extiw" title="en:History of videotelephony"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of videotelephony</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="口哨语" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Whistled language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A3%E5%93%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="口哨语（页面不存在）">口哨语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whistled_language" class="extiw" title="en:Whistled language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Whistled language</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A#歷史" title="無線通訊">无线革命</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Telecom-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/100px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/150px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/200px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">先驱人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纳西尔·艾哈迈德 (工程师)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nasir Ahmed (engineer)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7_(%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纳西尔·艾哈迈德 (工程师)（页面不存在）">纳西尔·艾哈迈德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasir_Ahmed_(engineer)" class="extiw" title="en:Nasir Ahmed (engineer)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nasir Ahmed (engineer)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E6%B8%A9%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%8D%8E%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%97" title="埃德温·霍华德·阿姆斯特朗">埃德温·霍华德·阿姆斯特朗</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="默罕穆德·阿塔拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mohamed M. Atalla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%98%E7%BD%95%E7%A9%86%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%94%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="默罕穆德·阿塔拉（页面不存在）">默罕穆德·阿塔拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_M._Atalla" class="extiw" title="en:Mohamed M. Atalla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mohamed M. Atalla</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%9D%B0%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="约翰·罗杰·贝尔德">约翰·罗杰·贝尔德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%98%AD" title="保羅·巴蘭">保羅·巴蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E4%B8%81" title="约翰·巴丁">约翰·巴丁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%8E%84%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" title="亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔">亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF-%E6%9D%8E" title="蒂姆·伯纳斯-李">蒂姆·伯纳斯-李</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E6%A0%BC%E8%BF%AA%E4%BB%80%C2%B7%E9%92%B1%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%AF" title="贾格迪什·钱德拉·博斯">贾格迪什·钱德拉·博斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E9%A1%BF" title="沃尔特·布拉顿">沃尔特·布拉顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB" title="文頓·瑟夫">文頓·瑟夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%B4%9B%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E6%99%AE" title="克洛德·沙普">克洛德·沙普</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Yogen Dalal" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Yogen K Dalal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogen_Dalal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yogen Dalal（页面不存在）">约根·达拉勒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogen_K_Dalal" class="extiw" title="en:Yogen K Dalal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Yogen K Dalal</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="唐纳德·戴维斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Donald Davies"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%90%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="唐纳德·戴维斯（页面不存在）">唐纳德·戴维斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Davies" class="extiw" title="en:Donald Davies"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Donald Davies</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%AF%8C%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="李·德富雷斯特">李·德富雷斯特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%83%E6%96%AF" title="費羅·法恩斯沃斯">費羅·法恩斯沃斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E4%BF%A1%E9%81%94" title="范信達">范信達</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%8E%B1%E6%B2%99%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7" title="伊莱沙·格雷">以利沙·格雷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%88%A9%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E9%BB%91%E7%B6%AD%E5%A1%9E" title="奧利弗·黑維塞">奧利弗·黑維塞</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃尔纳·施奈德·胡佛" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Erna Schneider Hoover"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E5%A5%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%83%A1%E4%BD%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃尔纳·施奈德·胡佛（页面不存在）">埃尔纳·施奈德·胡佛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erna_Schneider_Hoover" class="extiw" title="en:Erna Schneider Hoover"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Erna Schneider Hoover</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈罗德·霍普金斯 (物理学家)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Harold Hopkins (physicist)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%99%AE%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈罗德·霍普金斯 (物理学家)（页面不存在）">哈罗德·霍普金斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Hopkins_(physicist)" class="extiw" title="en:Harold Hopkins (physicist)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Harold Hopkins (physicist)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="互联网先驱列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of Internet pioneers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%85%88%E9%A9%B1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="互联网先驱列表（页面不存在）">互联网先驱列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_pioneers" class="extiw" title="en:List of Internet pioneers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of Internet pioneers</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E6%81%A9" title="罗伯特·卡恩">罗伯特·卡恩</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="姜大元" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dawon Kahng"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%9C%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="姜大元（页面不存在）">姜大元</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawon_Kahng" class="extiw" title="en:Dawon Kahng"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dawon Kahng</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%8C%95" title="高錕">高錕</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纳林德·辛格·卡帕尼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Narinder Singh Kapany"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E6%9E%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%BE%9B%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纳林德·辛格·卡帕尼（页面不存在）">纳林德·辛格·卡帕尼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narinder_Singh_Kapany" class="extiw" title="en:Narinder Singh Kapany"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Narinder Singh Kapany</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%92%82%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%8E%9B" title="海蒂·拉玛">海蒂·拉玛</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="因诺琴佐·曼泽蒂" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Innocenzo Manzetti"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%A0%E8%AF%BA%E7%90%B4%E4%BD%90%C2%B7%E6%9B%BC%E6%B3%BD%E8%92%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="因诺琴佐·曼泽蒂（页面不存在）">因诺琴佐·曼泽蒂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innocenzo_Manzetti" class="extiw" title="en:Innocenzo Manzetti"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Innocenzo Manzetti</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%88%97%E5%B0%94%E8%8E%AB%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%AF%E5%B0%BC" title="古列尔莫·马可尼">古列尔莫·马可尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%A1%E5%A4%AB" title="罗伯特·梅特卡夫">罗伯特·梅特卡夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A7%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E9%BD%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="安東尼奧·穆齊">安東尼奧·穆齊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%BE%A4%E6%BD%A4%E4%B8%80" title="西澤潤一">西澤潤一</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉迪亚·佩尔曼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Radia Perlman"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E8%BF%AA%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉迪亚·佩尔曼（页面不存在）">拉迪亚·佩尔曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radia_Perlman" class="extiw" title="en:Radia Perlman"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Radia Perlman</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%8D%B7%E6%BD%98%E8%AF%BA%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E6%B3%A2%E5%A4%AB" title="亚历山大·斯捷潘诺维奇·波波夫">亚历山大·波波夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E8%B5%96%E6%96%AF" title="约翰·菲利普·赖斯">约翰·菲利普·赖斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%A6%99%E5%86%9C" title="克劳德·香农">克劳德·香农</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亨利·萨顿 (发明家)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Henry Sutton (inventor)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E9%A1%BF_(%E5%8F%91%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%B6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亨利·萨顿 (发明家)（页面不存在）">亨利·萨顿</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Sutton_(inventor)" class="extiw" title="en:Henry Sutton (inventor)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Henry Sutton (inventor)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89" title="尼古拉·特斯拉">尼古拉·特斯拉</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡米耶·蒂索" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Camille Tissot"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E7%B1%B3%E8%80%B6%C2%B7%E8%92%82%E7%B4%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡米耶·蒂索（页面不存在）">卡米耶·蒂索</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camille_Tissot" class="extiw" title="en:Camille Tissot"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Camille Tissot</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94" title="阿尔弗雷德·韦尔">阿尔弗雷德·韦尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E6%96%AF%E9%80%9A" title="查爾斯·惠斯通">查爾斯·惠斯通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E4%BD%90%E5%88%A9%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="弗拉基米尔·佐利金">弗拉基米尔·佐利金</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="传输介质">传输介质</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E8%BD%B4%E7%94%B5%E7%BC%86" title="同轴电缆">同轴电缆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%96%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="光纖通訊">光纖通訊</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B0%8E%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD" title="光導纖維">光纤</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E5%85%89%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="自由空間光通信">自由空間光通信</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分子通信" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Molecular communication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分子通信（页面不存在）">分子通信</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_communication" class="extiw" title="en:Molecular communication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Molecular communication</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5" title="无线电">无线电波</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="無線通訊">無線通訊</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E7%BA%BF" title="传输线">传输线</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="数据传输线路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Data transmission circuit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E7%BA%BF%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数据传输线路（页面不存在）">数据线路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_transmission_circuit" class="extiw" title="en:Data transmission circuit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Data transmission circuit</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电信线路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Telecommunication circuit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E7%BA%BF%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电信线路（页面不存在）">电信线路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunication_circuit" class="extiw" title="en:Telecommunication circuit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Telecommunication circuit</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%8B%93%E6%89%91" title="网络拓扑">网络拓扑</a><br />与交换</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%A6%E5%AE%BD_(%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA)" title="带宽 (计算机)">带宽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E9%93%BE%E8%B7%AF" title="通信链路">通信鏈路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%82%E7%82%B9_(%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C)" title="节点 (电信网络)">节点</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="终端 (电信网络)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Terminal (telecommunication)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%88%E7%AB%AF_(%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="终端 (电信网络)（页面不存在）">终端</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(telecommunication)" class="extiw" title="en:Terminal (telecommunication)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Terminal (telecommunication)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%A4%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="網路交換器">交换器</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2" title="电路交换">电路交换</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%BB%84%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2" title="分组交换">分组交换</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2" title="电信交换">电信交换</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8" title="多路复用">多路复用</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E5%88%86%E5%A4%9A%E5%9D%80" title="空分多址">空分多址</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%91%E5%88%86%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8" title="频分多路复用">频分多路复用</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E5%88%86%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8" title="时分多路复用">时分多路复用</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="偏振分多路复用" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Polarization-division multiplexing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%8F%E6%8C%AF%E5%88%86%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="偏振分多路复用（页面不存在）">偏振分多路复用</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization-division_multiplexing" class="extiw" title="en:Polarization-division multiplexing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polarization-division multiplexing</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="轨道角动量多路复用" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Orbital angular momentum multiplexing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E8%A7%92%E5%8A%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="轨道角动量多路复用（页面不存在）">轨道角动量多路复用</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_angular_momentum_multiplexing" class="extiw" title="en:Orbital angular momentum multiplexing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Orbital angular momentum multiplexing</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%A2%BC%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8D%E9%80%B2%E6%8E%A5" title="分碼多重進接">分碼多重進接</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="通信协议">通信协议</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="计算机网络">计算机网络</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93" title="数据传输">数据传输</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="儲存與轉發" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Store and forward"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%84%B2%E5%AD%98%E8%88%87%E8%BD%89%E7%99%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="儲存與轉發（页面不存在）">儲存與轉發</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Store_and_forward" class="extiw" title="en:Store and forward"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Store and forward</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E8%A3%9D%E7%BD%AE" title="通訊裝置">通訊裝置</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="电信网络">电信网络</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BITNET" title="BITNET">BITNET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E7%AA%9D%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="蜂窝网络">蜂窝网络</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="CYCLADES" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="CYCLADES"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CYCLADES&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CYCLADES（页面不存在）">CYCLADES</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYCLADES" class="extiw" title="en:CYCLADES"><span lang="en" dir="auto">CYCLADES</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E7%BD%91" title="以太网">以太网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FidoNet" title="FidoNet">FidoNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互联网">互联网</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="二代互联网" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Internet2"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二代互联网（页面不存在）">二代互联网</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" class="extiw" title="en:Internet2"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Internet2</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E4%B8%9A%E5%8A%A1%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%BD%91" title="综合业务数字网">ISDN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%80%E5%9F%9F%E7%BD%91" title="局域网">局域网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="移动通讯">移动通讯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%BB%A3%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="下一代网络">下一代网络</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="NPL网络" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="NPL network"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NPL%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NPL网络（页面不存在）">NPL网络</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPL_network" class="extiw" title="en:NPL network"><span lang="en" dir="auto">NPL network</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E7%BD%91" title="公共交换电话网">公共交换电话网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8F%B0%E7%B6%B2" title="電台網">電台網</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E8%81%AF%E6%92%AD%E7%B6%B2" title="電視聯播網">电视网</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电传机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Telex"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BC%A0%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电传机（页面不存在）">电传机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telex" class="extiw" title="en:Telex"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Telex</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E7%BD%91" title="广域网">广域网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="无线网络">无线网络</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E7%BB%B4%E7%BD%91" title="万维网">万维网</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="Category:电信">分类</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="列表级条目"><img alt="列表级条目" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电信概述" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of telecommunication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电信概述（页面不存在）">概述</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_telecommunication" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of telecommunication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of telecommunication</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="Portal:电信">主题</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Telecommunications">资源</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="广播" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD" title="Template:广播"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD" title="Template talk:广播"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:广播"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="广播" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD" title="广播">广播</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">广播媒体</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">电话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A" title="電視資訊">電視資訊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="电视">电视</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E8%8A%82%E7%9B%AE" title="电视节目">电视节目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E6%AF%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96" title="類比電視">模擬電視</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="有线电视">有线电视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="数字电视">数码电视</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E7%A2%BC%E5%9C%B0%E9%9D%A2%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96" title="數碼地面電視">數碼地面電視</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="卫星电视">卫星电视</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="网络电视">互联网电视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E9%9B%BB%E5%8F%B0" title="網路電台">电台</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD" title="网络广播">网络广播</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="流媒体">流媒体</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="网络电视 (内容)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Web television"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86_(%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="网络电视 (内容)（页面不存在）">网络电视</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_television" class="extiw" title="en:Web television"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Web television</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="P2P电视" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="P2PTV"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=P2P%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P2P电视（页面不存在）">P2P电视</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P2PTV" class="extiw" title="en:P2PTV"><span lang="en" dir="auto">P2PTV</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BitTorrent_(%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE)" title="BitTorrent (协议)">BT电视</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8F%B0%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" title="電台廣播">電台廣播</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD%E7%AF%80%E7%9B%AE" title="廣播節目">廣播節目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E7%B7%9A%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" title="有線廣播">有線廣播</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD" title="数字广播">数码广播</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卫星广播" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Satellite radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卫星广播（页面不存在）">卫星广播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_radio" class="extiw" title="en:Satellite radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Satellite radio</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">广播定位</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="校园广播" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Campus radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%A1%E5%9B%AD%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="校园广播（页面不存在）">校园广播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campus_radio" class="extiw" title="en:Campus radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Campus radio</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" title="商業廣播">商業廣播</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社区广播" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Community radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社区广播（页面不存在）">社区广播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_radio" class="extiw" title="en:Community radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Community radio</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="多频道电视" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Multichannel television"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多频道电视（页面不存在）">多频道电视</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multichannel_television" class="extiw" title="en:Multichannel television"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Multichannel television</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%98%E8%B4%B9%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="付费电视">付费电视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%89%E6%AC%A1%E4%BB%98%E8%B4%B9%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="按次付费电视">按次付费电视</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E9%A0%BB%E9%81%93" title="新聞頻道">新聞頻道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%8F%B0" title="地下電台">地下電台</a> / <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地下电视台" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pirate television"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地下电视台（页面不存在）">地下电视台</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirate_television" class="extiw" title="en:Pirate television"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pirate television</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5%E5%B9%B2%E6%89%B0" title="无线电干扰">无线电干扰</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" title="公共廣播">公共廣播</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0" title="宗教电台">宗教电台</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="谈话广播" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Talk radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B0%88%E8%AF%9D%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="谈话广播（页面不存在）">谈话广播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk_radio" class="extiw" title="en:Talk radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Talk radio</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="专门频道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Specialty channel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%93%E9%97%A8%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="专门频道（页面不存在）">专门频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialty_channel" class="extiw" title="en:Specialty channel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Specialty channel</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="成人电视频道列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of adult television channels"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%90%E4%BA%BA%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="成人电视频道列表（页面不存在）">成人电视频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_adult_television_channels" class="extiw" title="en:List of adult television channels"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of adult television channels</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="儿童频道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Children's interest channel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%84%BF%E7%AB%A5%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="儿童频道（页面不存在）">儿童频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children%27s_interest_channel" class="extiw" title="en:Children's interest channel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Children's interest channel</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> / <a href="/wiki/%E5%84%BF%E7%AB%A5%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E8%8A%82%E7%9B%AE" title="儿童电视节目">儿童电视节目</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纪录片频道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Documentary channel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%AA%E5%BD%95%E7%89%87%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纪录片频道（页面不存在）">纪录片频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Documentary_channel" class="extiw" title="en:Documentary channel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Documentary channel</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="男性频道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Men's interest channel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B7%E6%80%A7%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="男性频道（页面不存在）">男性频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men%27s_interest_channel" class="extiw" title="en:Men's interest channel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Men's interest channel</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电影频道列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of movie television channels"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电影频道列表（页面不存在）">电影频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_movie_television_channels" class="extiw" title="en:List of movie television channels"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of movie television channels</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="音乐电台" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Music radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="音乐电台（页面不存在）">音乐电台</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_radio" class="extiw" title="en:Music radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Music radio</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> / <a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96" title="音樂電視">音乐电视</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="猜谜频道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Quiz channel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%9C%E8%B0%9C%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="猜谜频道（页面不存在）">猜谜频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiz_channel" class="extiw" title="en:Quiz channel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Quiz channel</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BC%E7%89%A9%E9%A0%BB%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="購物頻道">购物频道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E9%A0%BB%E9%81%93" title="新聞頻道">新聞頻道</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="商业新闻频道列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of business news channels"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="商业新闻频道列表（页面不存在）">商业新闻频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_business_news_channels" class="extiw" title="en:List of business news channels"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of business news channels</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共事务频道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Public affairs (broadcasting)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共事务频道（页面不存在）">公共事务频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_affairs_(broadcasting)" class="extiw" title="en:Public affairs (broadcasting)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Public affairs (broadcasting)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="流媒体国际新闻频道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Live streaming world news"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="流媒体国际新闻频道（页面不存在）">流媒体国际新闻频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_streaming_world_news" class="extiw" title="en:Live streaming world news"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Live streaming world news</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="体育频道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Broadcasting of sports events"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="体育频道（页面不存在）">体育频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcasting_of_sports_events" class="extiw" title="en:Broadcasting of sports events"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Broadcasting of sports events</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="女性频道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Women's interest channel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="女性频道（页面不存在）">女性频道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_interest_channel" class="extiw" title="en:Women's interest channel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Women's interest channel</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">生产及资金</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="广播设计师" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Broadcast designer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B8%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="广播设计师（页面不存在）">广播设计师</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_designer" class="extiw" title="en:Broadcast designer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Broadcast designer</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="广播授权" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Broadcast license"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E6%8E%88%E6%9D%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="广播授权（页面不存在）">广播授权</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_license" class="extiw" title="en:Broadcast license"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Broadcast license</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E6%92%AD%E7%B6%B2" title="聯播網">聯播網</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="广播安全" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Broadcast-safe"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="广播安全（页面不存在）">广播安全</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast-safe" class="extiw" title="en:Broadcast-safe"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Broadcast-safe</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A9%E8%89%B2%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="彩色電視廣播標準列表">彩色電視廣播標準列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%A0%87" title="台标">台标</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="联播编排总监" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Director of network programming"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%94%E6%92%AD%E7%BC%96%E6%8E%92%E6%80%BB%E7%9B%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="联播编排总监（页面不存在）">联播编排总监</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_of_network_programming" class="extiw" title="en:Director of network programming"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Director of network programming</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="标题字幕条" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lower third"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%87%E9%A2%98%E5%AD%97%E5%B9%95%E6%9D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="标题字幕条（页面不存在）">标题字幕条</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lower_third" class="extiw" title="en:Lower third"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lower third</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="联播网加盟台" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Network affiliate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%94%E6%92%AD%E7%BD%91%E5%8A%A0%E7%9B%9F%E5%8F%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="联播网加盟台（页面不存在）">联播网加盟台</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_affiliate" class="extiw" title="en:Network affiliate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Network affiliate</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%97%E5%B9%95%E8%B7%91%E9%A6%AC%E7%87%88" title="字幕跑馬燈">字幕跑馬燈</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="屏幕显示" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="On-screen display"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B1%8F%E5%B9%95%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="屏幕显示（页面不存在）">屏幕显示</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On-screen_display" class="extiw" title="en:On-screen display"><span lang="en" dir="auto">On-screen display</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="户外广播" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outside broadcasting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%B7%E5%A4%96%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="户外广播（页面不存在）">户外广播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outside_broadcasting" class="extiw" title="en:Outside broadcasting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outside broadcasting</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="记者区" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Press box"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%B0%E8%80%85%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="记者区（页面不存在）">记者区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Press_box" class="extiw" title="en:Press box"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Press box</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="记者团" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Press pool"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%B0%E8%80%85%E5%9B%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="记者团（页面不存在）">记者团</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Press_pool" class="extiw" title="en:Press pool"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Press pool</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="比分条" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Score bug"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%88%86%E6%9D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="比分条（页面不存在）">比分条</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Score_bug" class="extiw" title="en:Score bug"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Score bug</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E9%8F%A1%E9%9D%A2" title="電視新聞鏡面">電視新聞鏡面</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E6%8E%88%E6%AC%8A" title="電視授權">電視授權</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%94%E6%92%AD%E5%8E%85" title="演播厅">演播厅</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">文化</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QSL%E5%8D%A1" title="QSL卡">QSL卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E5%90%AC%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A" title="收听报告">收听报告</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11035#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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