CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '917bb8dd4e03ce11',cH: '2qLTj.rLkYnqOctgHGQo5C8OSsxVznXKzE1ACMEdWHk-1740528731-1.2.1.1-KL_4.WZ193zIGZaUfeCgde7g.L.3PCupVUqHQ_5y.xk.a13eJVJxVKFqgPBTQxmI',cUPMDTk: "\/10010345\/iso690?__cf_chl_tk=oe2Kmhj3OnGho.QsZwLMJsQgkLH6_wkQXnnQLJJY4VE-1740528731-1.0.1.1-ndyHVpcdpcY7rw7NJdW91laYAKgmh_clZ4HqKoVqTDg",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740528731',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10010345\/iso690?__cf_chl_f_tk=oe2Kmhj3OnGho.QsZwLMJsQgkLH6_wkQXnnQLJJY4VE-1740528731-1.0.1.1-ndyHVpcdpcY7rw7NJdW91laYAKgmh_clZ4HqKoVqTDg",md: "0sam1ekEbLyW2CnU9x0lPKKAZrAAbbzUMZR02O9saE8-1740528731-1.2.1.1-1KHfUHuIbzTFY4O3rl4gGg5U6HTuV3LLUXxjUcuWHHwRH9uTgZbschFIqzt95R3W6YAkOrLGV.biNiNweIhmoAS7kq8.LyVAJeNlp0yF8yi2WfNz1UBbuvEr.hWZlDVd45toScTwGhJAFObwFZJFpFq.W7pRnRurMLW.2sDxsRNzt4hbf8h8viX9NOxyafJYoZE0KKYGNA7EVzimf088cgt_4sEyyPs_Diohdku8ln9eEimI0yE7yliSRPabiQWCTa.V1dYXa6gqEnFt7aVRn6RryaatbhIYQCGvAFuTZO2TPYVt_rFxo4zMwz9nKBGdvGgfhAZQkrDUKwK9.WaZjZwBu.JhPlsL88SjUKX5SSrr66ed9BMQHxz4NQu.At48zqgqV7uniK1E793qCkxDZ6WdpbQuDLrKYIYjNgPjCpsdQh5VHXnnEcqxdGklpcMTMja5ibSQhnzTpX5GNQ0vUBLzValAXD99UnrZcVRfce5E2.9OEP.kLI8w.yvRqu0nIIeYXqKmcJGu41JUZdKiq9c0wLOOj28VT3KTgk0D10fUelc6qVXZ5ZVLtpqYtfdoaml.y.61qlxwB_7u7L_ZmPSf7Q85D.WeE2x51llDel0ZTrTzkc.8XkfZ3eQfdnxjqpgHZfwb8EVFSdhw.k.X0Ijee5OovIPVzL6MSzmN7MZ.hOAwuHNs7z5w1OS2AH07y681_1DNWYWC.NYkmaNkbV8eOf.V9DHSQLjtnLAdKfbdsFe9tCJNn27cOitB06.UjCIT78cihbhuoZyj1WIM_qEslc08XxMQA7nvg8UfBK3uTpJtfGqsspYie_sI2.z6TLmKIcZ9GvU9_KUsenBfSZWWmUZhiJArDV_s3AH8FkswOdXluvUjRHJMiNiBgn.PplsJXHajPyEb88y12d44_SNDA7.Oi49vUX7th8ehI.9W2rQi2cmbTXVZS0zT93sFqUM_EWVYuAbuOJNnNzVRnxvQGKSbdwOUFidM30BcOTSyYsaxaPR4XqP4EmhIY9J7IXtdj3Acp9Y2uy22TgBHUvQneRr6tLJM6gHbioeOrr95x1dGecB4oT92eL0Drxv56gHtfNe7_dauZRLPWfTR4LfXiobnI5XZpVKSrZ.4K.jsULT3b09ADzZLMNwVX2HuevIAw_9FJaoOVTqwxPdLaU1GdiQAuQkwsLICAIIa0BHxcJW8L0WLikRYbTvDV4GyqbsM9tH118wdXtkfW52covQ5EJKwxWdT77ytyR4.fO2tr_aUEo125tqewLgtcGn9EAM4_IDI72e7..mzLsyOKBfjZq9uphYJNoZ0o47ypfhJRv9_i5wnWR_sjCHjl2fsEmd0JQH4aCoiAfRhWKH6op0XxZXkCRzgySw3IGm93h6OizJaq21jyZX4G0UVEpM.a2I6u7U8q2_JwwESDvKYPw3B.kJs0x24C_NjHZsRhXXCftTROGrCLgE3zNci2Bcj8Xc6FRrXl2ntxm1pJyKEFcd6pD4gbTC88gOttnl8eAr9TWdr5Ro5ccoaqI6qE_a.pelTcA8oKkhoCJiiRI2HE7lLuE_bYf4yNgdnXIEe4FoXmYmwfzcvnNz8YP_UO7XGVY3X8BXm_dG64xjNEw2mtaVLx48r9yNaFgb90wTGsYgnrc2YfOF7b5tC8ry5hfn35XPN3iAm0X_StkPampM7jVpKiYvr185o_YPOLx9eIrF9ND0C9Ej6Dh.TJlCoaeijg9CFWwd2BKxH2sxNZQfR0ZIBk2GW0KJamEi6IIoBZwzulOwdFYzk3vlBzkIsyQn0iJZVu1uwyx4rntoEnkbLBuEz.FHD.Egi5AGT2rn2BSpyVOWNfApQ6s06bwe.OZyAX4ZKuxP2NbUyotTRSpiyIIqhyodQlRoWU3W9LFQ6pAE",mdrd: "cYZXAP40yQZJhygdIGIpc785nGRxjggZq079pCXrUm8-1740528731-1.2.1.1-64O9C9VMBXtwISkfCBrfD3GPZEqFyBUHnti7sQg8BkkXAIJUrCDHWyGgooC.cwW7RAjS.eC08jIpqHC11r2aBQQipPJB36HmHAVOaATQo3A38yucxQLkhX6aUoE.IXsJt3FUsmrR6..V5j.ndV_UwC3O4uWH3kvcLqKtkAFJMaKsS7gprgBOJq1WVOYkp3RK1adGaiOgDRfIJr7dQYtwp6lEonncsRYJ1T76dhjPDsBhWuoMhihElc348MeyQNLELgXVZmpBlrm.COGtvSC_gFdXGVIBRNFmycSieeVZJar3ahzPFbCwA8_HRqYe3toxgMSnE4UDw4yVDESRRLqUYpkQKZndKWSeRb7LIB1Yt0clZjJ53ORYNgit1tQLhApHBjrBmgRJNeN45rA9wmgtp6js9HD2SvuV0HIaNUuWych1KN2zAOihroy.flgBQVl_Cny1p5dCSYj..8Bb4YGcBft_esqIwdLtvbJwNVuiEir6cC3mQBI7xOjJwIXQBvm0VhpziWUEBW9jE_nE63_KV0Tc0f35.gHyQlN19A5CHUpPc0ft0xhbNZgzH.LzOEcJ.XC0JziFE3oJmH4qjrLUzoHmwJ5.wBuH_4Jl9x7hiQwrXSgEgoKnfkQ8n_KRhGEgH9WLReSmvAEWVhsYErRmsmW03NKUbd1A09JlzwRwQE5isddtJNhgtJKo3iK1fJHAGRIwIC7gz6X078szWiv1GkKJdt99ps7_zpJbClFIUT9AQpQzbnbAvqBIrNs9a5UE6T0BdZS3cX5UVMe7yMk_eZqz0jTgTcDupAeNhYNYnqlxNTa9zfpT6dPTPChP5R8ldoG5f_2gqSWW8_xAp0Xy1jKjXIEvR51lKnYG8bZCdEYg9weXjRdF6D_OHR_LpB8r47ghGQvUSQKEAx4PfF5nDXFseiCd8Fs9Z5G5M.8rGxiK4pbb1MjOvKEWESPxPu5q90rJ3B6LZOKiRasJcuu950YbS72QNhmbshfEiCLjWN4wjSQPh5LDX5avhu9jVG4sU1JdLxQc9Xa6MQS_rrfxeaV7kLbq.VokopKbmNBXJpT0CtYU2nu.hixBdMLUf5EpKKKJvq44Q2TMW44fqYG2PvijxhmJb15JTtQxFnrkHGWpEr8N.BmaFO2xNrl5pZi06lA_ddRJuAR6vEght6bLScGJBQx4KAqasmVBLqDZ0gDBKfsHxQ74kjGtuTGYZkrerCDdUP0fqJKg_E8dwtTWhYXwy545_yhLXN._mvG6eafqR7ba1xi2Aeke_PemvuqEIBxsPWbTzbyTAd_.QuBWguwJ5ZCC_iTAI_n8TgG5AG2neoKkUVmmbcot0NNwazK9Iu23yNvJ1Hd3A4F4eSXM1YiFNTJu_jOwt.lZXffIpiV8mFe9xVYG3S1Te8I.pfmqjW6rB0en3qe33ug3XE7p4kE5aJhzxHZuN5h5pYDC9q796hld81c5o.7OsZHtPGW5OkEJTdN.CsGbNSUc0f7B07ZlXi8ayhwnHqSxcNyj8s4Ts_jApjFgS_VK7mc0VaH1gHJ6CVQzooENsRDYGr5XkNay3ggmpws4ETatp9UU52oLGD6a0rtuD8jFWW8q7uS_OzHBVLXP927YQq1IEk5KYVMw5KdnkyINjzI3LYwBwOxcX59ADlp5IVchb_8BoghwwPVk1jCD1IK7mhsoWEajdNhyIBW8sdUf4Fgs_gjU.VtXHBC3zgbG5042bi3HJ2kb7CVHNoRdDA7EUJSyFJ.cWQ.eXW.O78V69dwOz_OAhoOqUGdampIgu3ab09A6q9zR4L_bF2WRS2.HuH4XDIaHIIKFfneASWMNO54GBBaorE4phh1vWAIKXq9Mwh6Wtc3Tvu4qVwwdfSbuWPm3PAOhovXqLotUTjDv3iaL428PtTV_DR0VF4hZx8fGeLui3RxNydSnBhnYND8Ffrq5eHpqM30xTYlM7p3eITq.ltRRYRdqjgKSqDkKkCdtmTAkYKDH77AsiT14z0SP46sx7lXfcg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=917bb8dd4e03ce11';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10010345\/iso690?__cf_chl_rt_tk=oe2Kmhj3OnGho.QsZwLMJsQgkLH6_wkQXnnQLJJY4VE-1740528731-1.0.1.1-ndyHVpcdpcY7rw7NJdW91laYAKgmh_clZ4HqKoVqTDg" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>