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A Study of the Alumina Distribution in the Lab-Scale Cell during Aluminum Electrolysis
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script> <!-- Yandex.Metrika counter --> <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript> <!-- /Yandex.Metrika counter --> <!-- Matomo --> <!-- End Matomo Code --> <title>A Study of the Alumina Distribution in the Lab-Scale Cell during Aluminum Electrolysis</title> <meta name="description" content="A Study of the Alumina Distribution in the Lab-Scale Cell during Aluminum Electrolysis"> <meta name="keywords" content="Alumina, alumina distribution, aluminum electrolyzer, cryolite-alumina electrolyte, side ledge. "> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="A Study of the Alumina Distribution in the Lab-Scale Cell during Aluminum Electrolysis"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Olga Tkacheva"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Pavel Arkhipov"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Alexey Rudenko"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Yurii Zaikov"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2020/01/06"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="14"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="1"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="4"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/pdf"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" 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href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yurii%20Zaikov"> Yurii Zaikov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The aluminum electrolysis process in the conventional cryolite-alumina electrolyte with cryolite ratio of 2.7 was carried out at an initial temperature of 970 °C and the anode current density of 0.5 A/cm<sup>2</sup> in a 15A lab-scale cell in order to study the formation of the side ledge during electrolysis and the alumina distribution between electrolyte and side ledge. The alumina contained 35.97% α-phase and 64.03% γ-phase with the particles size in the range of 10-120 μm. The cryolite ratio and the alumina concentration were determined in molten electrolyte during electrolysis and in frozen bath after electrolysis. The side ledge in the electrolysis cell was formed only by the 13<sup>th</sup> hour of electrolysis. With a slight temperature decrease a significant increase in the side ledge thickness was observed. The basic components of the side ledge obtained by the XRD phase analysis were Na<sub>3</sub>AlF<sub>6</sub>, Na<sub>5</sub>Al<sub>3</sub>F<sub>14</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and NaF<sup>.</sup>5CaF<sub>2</sub><sup>.</sup>AlF<sub>3</sub>. As in the industrial cell, the increased alumina concentration in the side ledge formed on the cell walls and at the ledge-electrolyte-aluminum three-phase boundary during aluminum electrolysis in the lab cell was found (FTP No 05.604.21.0239, IN RFMEFI60419X0239).</p> <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/10010975.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alumina" title="Alumina">Alumina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=alumina%20distribution" title=" alumina distribution"> alumina distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=aluminum%20electrolyzer" title=" aluminum electrolyzer"> aluminum electrolyzer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cryolite-alumina%20electrolyte" title=" cryolite-alumina electrolyte"> cryolite-alumina electrolyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=side%20ledge." title=" side ledge. "> side ledge. </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Digital Object Identifier (DOI):</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3607878" target="_blank">doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3607878</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/a-study-of-the-alumina-distribution-in-the-lab-scale-cell-during-aluminum-electrolysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010975.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">748</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> <br>[1] A.Tabereaux, “A Prebake Cell Technology: A Global Review” JOM, 2000, vol.52, No. 2, pp. 22-28. <br>[2] M. Meijer, “New logistic concept for 400 and 500 kA smelters”, Light metals, 2010, pp. 343–348. <br>[3] L. Dingxiong, B. Yungang, Q. Junman, A. Zijin, “New progress on application of NEIU400kA family high energy efficiency aluminium reduction pot "HEEP" technology”, Light metals, 2011, pp. 443–452. <br>[4] P. Thibeault, H. Mezin, O. Martin, “Rio Tinto AP44 cell technology developement at ALMA smelter”, Light metals, 2016, pp. 295–300. <br>[5] M. Reverdy, S. Hussain, Q. Galadari, J.-L. Faudou, A. Al Zarouni, N. Ahli, I. Al Ali, Sh. Al Shehhi, B. Malladeb, M. Abdulla, and V. Nair, “The successful implementation of DUBAL DX+ technology at EMAL”, Light metals, 2016, pp. 307–311. <br>[6] R.G. Haverkamp, and B.J. Welch “Modelling the dissolution of alumina powder in cryolite”, Chemical engineering and processing, 1998, vol. 37, pp. 177-187. <br>[7] V. Dassylva-Raymond, “Modeling the behavior of alumina agglomerate”, Light Metals, 2014, pp. 603–607. </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>