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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ancient history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Imperial_China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imperial_China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Imperial China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Imperial_China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fengshui_of_Wenzhou" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fengshui_of_Wenzhou"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Fengshui of Wenzhou</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fengshui_of_Wenzhou-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Fengshui of Wenzhou subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fengshui_of_Wenzhou-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Guo_Pu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guo_Pu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Guo Pu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guo_Pu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Financial_reform_pilot_project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_reform_pilot_project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Financial reform pilot project</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_reform_pilot_project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Birthplace_of_China's_private_economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Birthplace_of_China's_private_economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Birthplace of China's private economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Birthplace_of_China's_private_economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industrial_zones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_zones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Industrial zones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_zones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wenzhou_Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wenzhou_Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3.1</span> <span>Wenzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wenzhou_Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wenzhou_Oujiang_River_Estuary_Industrial_Zone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wenzhou_Oujiang_River_Estuary_Industrial_Zone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3.2</span> <span>Wenzhou Oujiang River Estuary Industrial Zone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wenzhou_Oujiang_River_Estuary_Industrial_Zone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oufei_Project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oufei_Project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Oufei Project</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oufei_Project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Railway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Railway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rapid_transit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rapid_transit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Rapid transit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rapid_transit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yongjia_School" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yongjia_School"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Yongjia School</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Yongjia_School-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Yongjia School subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Yongjia_School-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Main_characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Main characteristics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Market_economy_and_capitalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Market_economy_and_capitalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Market economy and capitalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Market_economy_and_capitalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chinese_opera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chinese_opera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Chinese opera</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Chinese_opera-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Chinese opera subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Chinese_opera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Role_distribution_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_distribution_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Role distribution system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_distribution_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Four_Miracles_of_Yuan_Dynasty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Four_Miracles_of_Yuan_Dynasty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Four Miracles of Yuan Dynasty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Four_Miracles_of_Yuan_Dynasty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tale_of_the_Pipa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tale_of_the_Pipa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span><i>Tale of the Pipa</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tale_of_the_Pipa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nancy_Reagan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nancy_Reagan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Nancy Reagan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nancy_Reagan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Four_forms_of_Nan_opera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Four_forms_of_Nan_opera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Four forms of Nan opera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Four_forms_of_Nan_opera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mathematics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mathematics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Mathematics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mathematics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mathematics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mathematics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cradle_of_Mathematicians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cradle_of_Mathematicians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Cradle of Mathematicians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cradle_of_Mathematicians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jiang_Lifu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jiang_Lifu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Jiang Lifu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jiang_Lifu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shiing-Shen_Chern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shiing-Shen_Chern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Shiing-Shen Chern</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shiing-Shen_Chern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taiwanese_high-tech_industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taiwanese_high-tech_industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Taiwanese high-tech industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taiwanese_high-tech_industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Higher_education_in_Taiwan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_education_in_Taiwan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.5</span> <span>Higher education in Taiwan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_education_in_Taiwan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"City_of_chess"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"City_of_chess""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>"City of chess"</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-"City_of_chess"-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle "City of chess" subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-"City_of_chess"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Zhu_Chen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zhu_Chen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Zhu Chen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zhu_Chen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture_and_demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_and_demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Culture and demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture_and_demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture and demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture_and_demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-"China's_Jerusalem"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"China's_Jerusalem""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2.1</span> <span>"China's Jerusalem"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"China's_Jerusalem"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art_and_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_and_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.4</span> <span>Art and literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_and_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Business_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.5</span> <span>Business culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Business_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Higher education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Official_websites_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Wenzhou" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official_websites_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Wenzhou"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Official websites of universities and colleges in Wenzhou</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official_websites_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Wenzhou-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mathematicians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mathematicians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Mathematicians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mathematicians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Go_and_chess_players" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Go_and_chess_players"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2</span> <span>Go and chess players</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Go_and_chess_players-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_presidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_presidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.3</span> <span>University presidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_presidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.4</span> <span>Academics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politicians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politicians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.5</span> <span>Politicians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politicians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Businesspeople" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Businesspeople"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.6</span> <span>Businesspeople</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Businesspeople-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.7</span> <span>Athletes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athletes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.8</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wenzhou</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88" title="ونجو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ونجو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8C" title="ওয়েনচৌ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওয়েনচৌ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Un-chiu-chh%C4%AB" title="Un-chiu-chhī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Un-chiu-chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Уънджоу – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уънджоу" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou_(lungsod_sa_Pangmasang_Republika_sa_T%C5%9Bina)" title="Wenzhou (lungsod sa Pangmasang Republika sa Tśina) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Wenzhou (lungsod sa Pangmasang Republika sa Tśina)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wen-%C4%8Dou" title="Wen-čou – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wen-čou" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou_Shi" title="Wenzhou Shi – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Wenzhou Shi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CF%8C%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Γουεντζόου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γουεντζόου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C4%9Dou" title="Venĝou – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Venĝou" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%DA%98%D9%88" title="ونژو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ونژو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BBn-ch%C3%BB-s%E1%B9%B3" title="Vûn-chû-sṳ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Vûn-chû-sṳ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%8B%9C" title="원저우시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="원저우시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A3" title="ვენჭოუ – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვენჭოუ" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C5%86d%C5%BEou" title="Veņdžou – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Veņdžou" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vend%C5%BEou" title="Vendžou – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vendžou" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vencsou" title="Vencsou – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vencsou" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8C" title="वेनचौ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वेनचौ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%ACng-ci%C5%AD" title="Ŭng-ciŭ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ŭng-ciŭ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="温州市 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="温州市" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Вэньчжоу – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вэньчжоу" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Венџоу – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Венџоу" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A7" title="เวินโจว – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เวินโจว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Веньчжоу – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Веньчжоу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%DA%98%D9%88" title="ونژو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ونژو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%A9nju_shehiri" title="Wénju shehiri – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Wénju shehiri" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94n_Ch%C3%A2u" title="Ôn Châu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ôn Châu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="溫州市 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="溫州市" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Wenzhou" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="温州市 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="温州市" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E" title="温州 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="温州" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wenzhou&params=27.9938_N_120.6993_E_type:adm2nd_region:CN-33_source:Gaode"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">27°59′38″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°41′57″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">27.9938°N 120.6993°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">27.9938; 120.6993</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For historical prefectures in imperial China, see <a href="/wiki/Wen_Prefecture_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Wen Prefecture (disambiguation)">Wen Prefecture (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Prefecture-level city in Zhejiang, China</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Wenzhou</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="zh-Hans">温州市</div><div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Wenchow, Yujeu, Iu Tsiu, Dong Ou</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">Prefecture-level city</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:282px;max-width:282px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:280px;max-width:280px"><div style="border:1;;height:185px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vue_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_Wenzhou.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Vue_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_Wenzhou.JPG/278px-Vue_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_Wenzhou.JPG" decoding="async" width="278" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Vue_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_Wenzhou.JPG/417px-Vue_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_Wenzhou.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Vue_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_Wenzhou.JPG/556px-Vue_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_Wenzhou.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2672" /></a></span></div><div>Wenzhou skyline</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:139px;max-width:139px"><div style="border:1;;height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg/137px-Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg/206px-Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg/274px-Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div><div>Wuma shopping street</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:139px;max-width:139px"><div style="border:1;;height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jiangxin_Temple_07_2018-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Jiangxin_Temple_07_2018-10.jpg/137px-Jiangxin_Temple_07_2018-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Jiangxin_Temple_07_2018-10.jpg/206px-Jiangxin_Temple_07_2018-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Jiangxin_Temple_07_2018-10.jpg/274px-Jiangxin_Temple_07_2018-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Jiangxin_Temple" title="Jiangxin Temple">Jiangxin Temple</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div style="border:1;;height:72px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pearl_Beach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pearl_Beach.jpg/145px-Pearl_Beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pearl_Beach.jpg/218px-Pearl_Beach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pearl_Beach.jpg/290px-Pearl_Beach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7874" data-file-height="3937" /></a></span></div><div>Pearl Beach</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div style="border:1;;height:72px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86_-_panoramio_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/129px-%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/194px-%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/258px-%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div><div><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" class="extiw" title="zh:溫州市圖書館">Wenzhou Library</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 300px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="200" data-zoom="7" data-overlays="["_93445bd6e9e095952d3f9aa5062635220fbcef6f"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,a,a,300x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Wenzhou&revid=1257562868&groups=_93445bd6e9e095952d3f9aa5062635220fbcef6f" width="300" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,a,a,300x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Wenzhou&revid=1257562868&groups=_93445bd6e9e095952d3f9aa5062635220fbcef6f 2x" alt="地图" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_of_Wenzhou,_Zhejiang.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Wenzhou City jurisdiction in Zhejiang"><img alt="Location of Wenzhou City jurisdiction in Zhejiang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Location_map_of_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang.png/250px-Location_map_of_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Location_map_of_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang.png/375px-Location_map_of_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Location_map_of_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang.png/500px-Location_map_of_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang.png 2x" data-file-width="1774" data-file-height="1661" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Wenzhou City jurisdiction in Zhejiang</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_edcp_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wenzhou is located in China"><img alt="Wenzhou is located in China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/China_edcp_location_map.svg/250px-China_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/China_edcp_location_map.svg/375px-China_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/China_edcp_location_map.svg/500px-China_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="408" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:71.148%;left:80.036%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wenzhou"><img alt="Wenzhou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Wenzhou</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in China</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates (Wenzhou municipal government): <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wenzhou&params=27.9938_N_120.6993_E_type:adm2nd_region:CN-33_source:Gaode"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">27°59′38″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°41′57″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">27.9938°N 120.6993°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">27.9938; 120.6993</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces of the People's Republic of China">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/County-level_division" class="mw-redirect" title="County-level division">County-level divisions</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Municipal seat</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lucheng_District,_Wenzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucheng District, Wenzhou">Lucheng District</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Party_chief_of_the_Communist_Party_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Party chief of the Communist Party of China">CPC City Secretary</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Zhenfeng_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Zhenfeng (politician) (page does not exist)">Zhang Zhenfeng</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">张振丰</span></span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Zhenfeng_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Zhenfeng (politician) (page does not exist)">Zhang Wenjie</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">张文杰</span></span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">12,255.74 km<sup>2</sup> (4,731.97 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,243.4 km<sup>2</sup> (480.1 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2020 census)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">Prefecture-level city</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">9,572,903</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,604,446</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,900/km<sup>2</sup> (7,500/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,642,592</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank in China<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in the People's Republic of China by population">15th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">Prefecture-level city</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/CN%C2%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="CN¥">CN¥</a> 873 billion<br /><a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a> 121.4 billion</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">CN¥ 89,443<br />US$ 12,439</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> (<a href="/wiki/China_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="China Standard Time">China Standard</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_code_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Postal code of China">Postal code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">325000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0577</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CN" title="ISO 3166-2:CN">CN-ZJ-03</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Licence_plates_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Licence plates of the People's Republic of China">License Plate</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-CN">浙C</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Spoken language</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wenzhou.gov.cn">www.wenzhou.gov.cn</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Wenzhou</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Wenzhou_(Chinese_characters).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Wenzhou_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/90px-Wenzhou_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Wenzhou_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/135px-Wenzhou_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Wenzhou_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/180px-Wenzhou_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="728" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">"Wenzhou" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">温州</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">溫州</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Wu</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Iu<sup>1</sup>-ciou<sup>1</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a>) <br /> <small>Uen<sup>1</sup>tseu<sup>1</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Shanghainese" title="Shanghainese">Shanghainese</a>) </small></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_postal_romanization" title="Chinese postal romanization">Postal</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Wenchow</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">"Wen[qiao Mountains] Prefecture"</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Wēnzhōu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">ㄨㄣㄓㄡ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Spelling_in_Gwoyeu_Romatzyh" title="Spelling in Gwoyeu Romatzyh">Gwoyeu Romatzyh</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Uenjou</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Wen<sup>1</sup>-chou<sup>1</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin" title="Tongyong Pinyin">Tongyong Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Wunjhou</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" title="Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Wēnjōu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Phonetic_Symbols_II" title="Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II">MPS2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Wēnjōu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[wə́n.ʈʂóʊ]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/1e\/Wen1zhou1.ogg\/Wen1zhou1.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Wen1zhou1.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Wen1zhou1.ogg/Wen1zhou1.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="播放音频" title="播放音频" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Wen1zhou1.ogg" title="File:Wen1zhou1.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Wu</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Wu_Chinese" title="Romanization of Wu Chinese">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Wu Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="wuu-Latn">Iu<sup>1</sup>-ciou<sup>1</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a>) <br /> <small>Uen<sup>1</sup>tseu<sup>1</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Shanghainese" title="Shanghainese">Shanghainese</a>) </small></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" title="Guangdong Romanization">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hakka-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="hak-Latn">Vûn-chû</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Wān-jāu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Wan<sup>1</sup>-zau<sup>1</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[wɐn˥.tsɐw˥]</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Un-chiu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Romanization_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Romanization System">Tâi-lô</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Un-tsiu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bb%C3%A1nl%C3%A1m_p%C3%ACngy%C4%ABm" title="Bbánlám pìngyīm">Bbánlám Pìngyīm</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Ūnziū</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wenzhou</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">prefecture-level city</a> in China's <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a> province. Wenzhou is located at the extreme southeast of Zhejiang, bordering <a href="/wiki/Lishui,_Zhejiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Lishui, Zhejiang">Lishui</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Taizhou,_Zhejiang" title="Taizhou, Zhejiang">Taizhou</a> to the north, and the province of <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a> to the south. The area consists of mostly mountainous terrain, as well as hundreds of islands off the <a href="/wiki/East_China_Sea" title="East China Sea">East China Sea</a> coast, which is nearly 355 kilometres (221 miles) in length. It is said that the city's land is 70% mountains, 20% farmland, and 10% water.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of the <a href="/wiki/2010_Chinese_census" title="2010 Chinese census">2010 Chinese census</a>, 3,039,500 people lived in Wenzhou's urban area.<sup id="cite_ref-census10_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census10-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The greater Wenzhou prefecture, which also includes three <a href="/wiki/Satellite_city" title="Satellite city">satellite cities</a> and six counties, had a population totalling 9,122,100, of which 31.16% are <a href="/wiki/Hukou_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Hukou system">residents originally from outside</a> of Wenzhou.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 19th century, the progenitor city of modern Wenzhou was known as <b>Yungkia</b> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">永嘉</span>, <i>Yǒngjiā</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-map_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a prosperous <a href="/wiki/Treaty_port#Chinese_treaty_ports" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty port">foreign treaty port</a> that remains well-preserved today. Being situated in the mountains, it has been isolated for most of its history from the rest of the country, making its local culture and language, known as <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a>, particularly distinct, even from its direct neighbours. The city is also the native land of many emigrants to Europe and the United States, with many Wenzhounese immigrants abroad becoming entrepreneurs, restaurateurs, and retail and wholesale businesspeople in their adopted countries.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou_people" title="Wenzhou people">Wenzhou people</a> make up a large proportion of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Italy" title="Chinese people in Italy">Chinese residents in Italy</a>, constituting approximately 90% of <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a>'s Chinese population.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Significant concentrations of Wenzhounese also live in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese people in New York City">New York City</a>, as well as across <a href="/wiki/Chinese_diaspora_in_France" title="Chinese diaspora in France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Spain" title="Chinese people in Spain">Spain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_history">Ancient history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ancient history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The area that would become Wenzhou has archeological artifacts tracing back to around 2500 BC, when it became known for its <a href="/wiki/Chinese_ceramics" title="Chinese ceramics">pottery</a> production, and as one of the origins of <a href="/wiki/Celadon" title="Celadon">celadon</a> in ancient China. The Ouyue culture developed into the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dong%27ou" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Dong'ou">Kingdom of Dong'ou</a>, with a history dating back more than 2,200 years.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to its relatively isolated geography, the culture of Dong'ou tended in ancient times to often at first to develop according to local patterns. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Imperial_China">Imperial China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Imperial China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early second century BC, shortly after the destruction of the <a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin dynasty</a>, military and political leader Zou Yao (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">驺摇</span></span>) of Wenzhou helped Emperor <a href="/wiki/Gaozu_of_Han" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaozu of Han">Gaozu of Han</a>, the first emperor of the Han Dynasty, defeated the prominent warlord <a href="/wiki/Xiang_Yu" title="Xiang Yu">Xiang Yu</a> of the Chu. After the victory, Gaozu's son <a href="/wiki/Hui_of_Han" class="mw-redirect" title="Hui of Han">Hui</a> named Zhou Yao as the king of the <a href="/wiki/Dong%27ou" title="Dong'ou">Dong'ou kingdom</a>, with its new capital near present-day Wenzhou. This polity would last from 191 BC until it was conquered by the <a href="/wiki/Minyue" title="Minyue">Minyue kingdom</a> in 138 BC. </p><p>Wenzhou's present name is due to the city's mild weather. </p><p>The city walls were built in the 10th century, and its seven gates were erected in 1598.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout its history, Wenzhou's traditional economic role has been as a port giving access to the mountainous interior of southern <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a> Province. In early European sources, the name Wenzhou-<a href="/wiki/Fu_(administrative_division)" title="Fu (administrative division)">Fu</a> or -Foo was often transcribed <b>Ouen-tcheou-fou</b> or <b>Wen-tcheou</b> after the accounts of French-speaking missionaries.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1876, Wenzhou opened for tea exports, which led to a significant <a href="/wiki/Chinese_diaspora_in_France" title="Chinese diaspora in France">Wenzhounese diaspora</a> of merchants in France, but no foreign settlement was ever established there.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1937 and 1942, during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a> (i.e., <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>), Wenzhou achieved importance as one of the few ports still under Chinese control. It declined in the later years of the war, but began to recover after coastal trade along the Zhejiang coast was re-established in 1955. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fengshui_of_Wenzhou">Fengshui of Wenzhou</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fengshui of Wenzhou"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wenzhou is the only city in China designed by <a href="/wiki/Guo_Pu" title="Guo Pu">Guo Pu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">郭璞</span></span>), the father of the <a href="/wiki/Fengshui" class="mw-redirect" title="Fengshui">Fengshui</a> philosophical system.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(265%E2%80%93420)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jin dynasty (265–420)">Jin Dynasty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guo_Pu" title="Guo Pu">Guo Pu</a> organised Wenzhou on the basis of the <a href="/wiki/Fengshui" class="mw-redirect" title="Fengshui">Fengshui</a> philosophical system along with the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-Eight_Mansions" title="Twenty-Eight Mansions">Twenty-Eight Mansions</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Wuxing_(Chinese_philosophy)" title="Wuxing (Chinese philosophy)">Five Elements</a>. These philosophies develop and manage architecture and geography as a whole in metaphoric terms of "invisible forces" that unite the universe, earth, and humanity together.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-blog.sina.com.cn_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blog.sina.com.cn-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout its history, Wenzhou has avoided numerous militant activities that were originally set out to invade the city of Wenzhou. However, none of them were successful, and this protection is concluded <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (May 2023)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> to be the result of the <a href="/wiki/Fengshui" class="mw-redirect" title="Fengshui">Fengshui</a> development of the city. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Song_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Song Dynasty">Northern Song Dynasty</a>, when the Fangla Revolution took place in the now <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a> province, the invading army surrounded Wenzhou for over 40 days, but the mountainous isolation blocked the army's movement and the army ended up retreating.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-blog.sina.com.cn_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blog.sina.com.cn-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Wenzhou is still considered <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (May 2023)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> to possess the best <a href="/wiki/Feng_Shui" class="mw-redirect" title="Feng Shui">Feng Shui</a> conditions and nature of all the Chinese cities. Other cities considered to possess excellent Fengshui nature are <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ili_Kazakh_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture">Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kunming" title="Kunming">Kunming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hengyang" title="Hengyang">Hengyang</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>. However, none of these cities is designed entirely on the basis of philosophy of <a href="/wiki/Fengshui" class="mw-redirect" title="Fengshui">Fengshui</a> or designed by the father of <a href="/wiki/Fengshui" class="mw-redirect" title="Fengshui">Fengshui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guo_Pu" title="Guo Pu">Guo Pu</a>. People from all over China usually refer to the accomplishments and influence of Wenzhounese as a result of Wenzhou's <a href="/wiki/Fengshui" class="mw-redirect" title="Fengshui">Fengshui</a> development by Guo Pu. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style></p><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wenzhou" title="Special:EditPage/Wenzhou">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guo_Pu">Guo Pu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Guo Pu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Guo Pu climbed to the top of West Guo Mountain (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">西郭山</span></span>) in Wenzhou, <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (May 2023)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> he saw the range of mountains of Wenzhou shaped as a dipper and the city itself shaped as a key. Wenzhou is still nicknamed the "Dipper city" based on the popular geographical saying "mountains as dipper, city as key" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">山如北斗城似锁</span></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Legend has it that during the time when Wenzhou was being established and developed, a white deer was seen in the city with a flower in its mouth, therefore Wenzhou is also known as "Deer City" (<span lang="zh">鹿城</span>; <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Lùchéng</span></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, the <a href="/wiki/Lucheng_District,_Wenzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucheng District, Wenzhou">Lucheng District</a> is the name of downtown Wenzhou and the White Deer theater located at downtown is the most popular theater among the locals .<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Guo_Pu" title="Guo Pu">Guo Pu</a> is honoured today by the renaming of West Guo Mountain, where he stood to observe the city, into Guo Gong Mountain. At the bottom of Guo Gong Mountain, a temple was also built and named Guo Gong Temple. In 2003, the local government constructed a statue of Guo Pu in downtown Wenzhou. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Txu-oclc-10552568-nh51-13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Txu-oclc-10552568-nh51-13.jpg/220px-Txu-oclc-10552568-nh51-13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Txu-oclc-10552568-nh51-13.jpg/330px-Txu-oclc-10552568-nh51-13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Txu-oclc-10552568-nh51-13.jpg/440px-Txu-oclc-10552568-nh51-13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3887" /></a><figcaption>Wenzhou (labelled as YUNG-CHIA (WENCHOW) <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">永嘉</span></span>) (1953)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dayu_Bay_-_Yandun_Shan_-_P1210613.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Dayu_Bay_-_Yandun_Shan_-_P1210613.JPG/220px-Dayu_Bay_-_Yandun_Shan_-_P1210613.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Dayu_Bay_-_Yandun_Shan_-_P1210613.JPG/330px-Dayu_Bay_-_Yandun_Shan_-_P1210613.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Dayu_Bay_-_Yandun_Shan_-_P1210613.JPG/440px-Dayu_Bay_-_Yandun_Shan_-_P1210613.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>On the coast of the Dayu Bay in <a href="/wiki/Cangnan_County" title="Cangnan County">Cangnan County</a></figcaption></figure> <p>With jurisdiction over four districts, two county-level cities and five counties, Wenzhou covers a land area of 11,784 km<sup>2</sup> (4,550 sq mi) and sea area of 11,000 km<sup>2</sup> (4,200 sq mi). The population of the prefectural level city is 9.12 million including 2.30 million urban residents, divided among 3 county-level cities and 4 districts. </p><p>Most of Wenzhou's landscape is mountainous, with many mountain tops reaching altitudes in excess of 1,000 m (3,300 ft), for example in the <a href="/wiki/Yandangshan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yandangshan">Yandang Mountains</a>, a coastal mountain range dominating the eastern part of prefecture. Another dominating landscape element is the <a href="/wiki/Ou_River_(Zhejiang)" title="Ou River (Zhejiang)">Ou River</a>, the largest river in Wenzhou prefecture. There are some coastal plains, notably around the mouth of the Ou (where the city proper of Wenzhou is located), the <a href="/wiki/Nanxi_River_(Zhejiang)" title="Nanxi River (Zhejiang)">Nanxi River</a>, a tributary of the Ou, and further south, around the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Feiyun_River" title="Feiyun River">Feiyun River</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Rui%27an" title="Rui'an">Rui'an</a>, a county-level city). Coastal plains are used intensively for agriculture but also host much of the population and industry. </p><p>The 339 kilometres (211 mi) long coastline gives the city abundant marine resources and has many islands.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Dongtou, one of the districts in Wenzhou, has also been called the "County of One Hundred Islands." Dongtou County was renamed as Dongtou District in September 2015 following the State Council-sanctioned administrative region adjustments. </p><p>Wenzhou boasts wonderful landscapes with rugged mountains and tranquil waters, including three state-level scenic spots, namely the <a href="/wiki/Yandangshan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yandangshan">Yandang Mountains</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Nanxi_River_(Zhejiang)" title="Nanxi River (Zhejiang)">Nanxi River</a> and the Baizhangji Fall-Feiyun Lake, and two national nature reserves, the <a href="/wiki/Wuyanling_National_Nature_Reserve" title="Wuyanling National Nature Reserve">Wuyanling Ridge</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanji_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanji Islands (page does not exist)">Nanji Islands</a>. Yandang Mountain has been named as a World <a href="/wiki/Geopark" title="Geopark">Geopark</a>, while the Nanji Islands are listed a UNESCO Marine Nature Reserve of <a href="/wiki/World_Network_of_Biosphere_Reserves" title="World Network of Biosphere Reserves">World Biosphere Reserves</a>. Scenic areas account for 25% of the city's land space. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wenzhou derives its present name from its climate, and has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Cfa</i>) with short winters and long, hot, humid summers. Summers are similar to the remainder of the province (albeit slightly cooler during the daytime as compared to inland areas), but winter is much milder, partly due to the southerly location and partly due to the sheltering effect of the surrounding mountains. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 8.7 °C (47.7 °F) in January to 28.7 °C (83.7 °F) in July and August, while the annual mean is 18.9 °C (66.0 °F). Heavy rainfalls occur in late spring and early summer due to the <a href="/wiki/Plum_rain" class="mw-redirect" title="Plum rain">plum rains</a> of the East Asian <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoon</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Typhoon" title="Typhoon">typhoons</a> are commonly a threat in the second half of summer causing considerable damage and destruction. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 26% in March to 53% in August, the city receives 1,706 hours of bright sunshine annually. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from −4.5 °C (24 °F) (though an unofficial record low of −5.6 °C (22 °F) was recorded on 17 January 1893)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 41.8 °C (107 °F). </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Wenzhou (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.6<br />(78.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3<br />(81.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2<br />(91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.7<br />(96.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF1B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5<br />(99.5) </td> <td style="background: #FC0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.7<br />(107.1) </td> <td style="background: #FA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.8<br />(107.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FA0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41.8<br />(107.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9<br />(55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1<br />(62.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.4<br />(84.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(91.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.1<br />(91.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE2C5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7<br />(47.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7<br />(49.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.5<br />(83.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.6<br />(78.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9<br />(46.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.5<br />(23.9) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.9<br />(25.0) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7<br />(42.3) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(32.4) </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.5<br />(25.7) </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−4.5<br />(23.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #9DFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.3<br />(2.57) </td> <td style="background: #79FF79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.8<br />(3.22) </td> <td style="background: #24FF24; color:#000000;" class="notheme">146.3<br />(5.76) </td> <td style="background: #28FF28; color:#000000;" class="notheme">139.3<br />(5.48) </td> <td style="background: #00F400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178.3<br />(7.02) </td> <td style="background: #005500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">275.9<br />(10.86) </td> <td style="background: #00E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186.3<br />(7.33) </td> <td style="background: #008800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">250.7<br />(9.87) </td> <td style="background: #00B800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">211.1<br />(8.31) </td> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.2<br />(3.16) </td> <td style="background: #88FF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.1<br />(3.04) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.5<br />(2.46) </td> <td style="background: #21FF21; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,754.8<br />(69.08) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #6464FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #4444FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.8 </td> <td style="background: #2525FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.6 </td> <td style="background: #2B2BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.6 </td> <td style="background: #2E2EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.9 </td> <td style="background: #1414FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.4 </td> <td style="background: #5757FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.6 </td> <td style="background: #3737FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.2 </td> <td style="background: #5B5BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.8 </td> <td style="background: #9898FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #7676FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">167.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days </th> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0 </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000BC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">84 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">76 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #AAAAA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94.4 </td> <td style="background: #ACAC98; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.7 </td> <td style="background: #ACAC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.2 </td> <td style="background: #B7B75A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">118.1 </td> <td style="background: #B6B65D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">121.0 </td> <td style="background: #B4B46D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">111.5 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193.8 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">183.4 </td> <td style="background: #C6C600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">149.7 </td> <td style="background: #C2C217; color:#000000;" class="notheme">146.6 </td> <td style="background: #B3B36F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">110.7 </td> <td style="background: #AEAE8D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">103.4 </td> <td style="background: #BABA46; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,522.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27 </td> <td style="background: #F8F822; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46 </td> <td style="background: #F8F822; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">34 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/China_Meteorological_Administration" title="China Meteorological Administration">China Meteorological Administration</a><sup id="cite_ref-cma_graphical_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cma_graphical-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CMA_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CMA-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> all-time extreme temperature<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mherrera_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mherrera-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wenzhou_World_Trade_Center_dans_son_environnement_urbain.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Wenzhou_World_Trade_Center_dans_son_environnement_urbain.JPG/220px-Wenzhou_World_Trade_Center_dans_son_environnement_urbain.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Wenzhou_World_Trade_Center_dans_son_environnement_urbain.JPG/330px-Wenzhou_World_Trade_Center_dans_son_environnement_urbain.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Wenzhou_World_Trade_Center_dans_son_environnement_urbain.JPG/440px-Wenzhou_World_Trade_Center_dans_son_environnement_urbain.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2594" data-file-height="3930" /></a><figcaption>Wenzhou World Trade Center</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wenzhou.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5c/Wenzhou.jpg/250px-Wenzhou.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5c/Wenzhou.jpg/375px-Wenzhou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5c/Wenzhou.jpg/500px-Wenzhou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rui%27an" title="Rui'an">Rui'an</a>, one of the satellite cities under Wenzhou's jurisdiction</figcaption></figure> <p>The prefecture-level city of Wenzhou currently administers four <a href="/wiki/District_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="District of China">districts</a>, three <a href="/wiki/County-level_city" title="County-level city">county-level cities</a> and five <a href="/wiki/County_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="County (People's Republic of China)">counties</a>. Its population at 2010 census:<sup id="cite_ref-census10_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census10-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div role="img" class="noresize" style="width: 600px; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: #ffffff; position: relative;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Administrative_Division_Wenzhou.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Administrative_Division_Wenzhou.png/600px-Administrative_Division_Wenzhou.png" decoding="async" width="600" height="607" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Administrative_Division_Wenzhou.png/900px-Administrative_Division_Wenzhou.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Administrative_Division_Wenzhou.png/1200px-Administrative_Division_Wenzhou.png 2x" data-file-width="1760" data-file-height="1780" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute; left:276px; top:190px"><a href="/wiki/Lucheng_District,_Wenzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucheng District, Wenzhou"><b>Lucheng</b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:300px; top:232px"><a href="/wiki/Ouhai_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouhai District"><b>Ouhai</b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:384px; top:256px"><a href="/wiki/Longwan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Longwan District"><b>Longwan</b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:462px; top:244px"><a href="/wiki/Dongtou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongtou District"><b>Dongtou</b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:330px; top:94px"><a href="/wiki/Yongjia_County" title="Yongjia County"><b>Yongjia<br />County</b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:234px; top:352px"><a href="/wiki/Pingyang_County" title="Pingyang County"><b>Pingyang<br />County</b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:72px; top:388px"><a href="/wiki/Taishun_County" title="Taishun County"><b>Taishun<br />County</b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:246px; top:424px"><a href="/wiki/Cangnan_County" title="Cangnan County"><b>Cangnan<br />County</b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:114px; top:298px"><a href="/wiki/Wencheng_County" title="Wencheng County"><b>Wencheng<br />County</b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:432px; top:124px"><a href="/wiki/Yueqing" title="Yueqing"><b>Yueqing<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(city)</span></b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:234px; top:286px"><a href="/wiki/Rui%27an" title="Rui'an"><b>Rui'an<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(city)</span></b></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:306px; top:394px"><a href="/wiki/Longgang,_Zhejiang" title="Longgang, Zhejiang"><b>Longgang<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(city)</span></b></a></div> </div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th># </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Type </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hanzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanzi">Hanzi</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a> </th> <th>Population<br />(2020 Census) </th> <th>Area(km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Density(/km<sup>2</sup>) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucheng_District,_Wenzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucheng District, Wenzhou">Lucheng District</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_China" title="Districts of China">District</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">鹿城区</span></span> </td> <td>Lùchéng Qū </td> <td>1,167,164</td> <td>294.38</td> <td>4,393 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Longwan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Longwan District">Longwan District</a> </td> <td>District </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">龙湾区</span></span> </td> <td>Lóngwān Qū </td> <td>725,049</td> <td>279</td> <td>2,686 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ouhai_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouhai District">Ouhai District</a> </td> <td>District </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">瓯海区</span></span> </td> <td>Ōuhǎi Qū </td> <td>963,238</td> <td>614.5</td> <td>1,622 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dongtou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongtou District">Dongtou District</a> </td> <td>District </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">洞头区</span></span> </td> <td>Dòngtóu Qū </td> <td>148,807</td> <td>100</td> <td>877 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rui%27an" title="Rui'an">Rui'an</a> City </td> <td><a href="/wiki/County-level_city" title="County-level city">County-level city</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">瑞安市</span></span> </td> <td>Ruì'ān Shì </td> <td>1,520,046</td> <td>1,271</td> <td>1,121 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yueqing" title="Yueqing">Yueqing</a> City </td> <td>County-level city </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">乐清市</span></span> </td> <td>Yuèqīng Shì </td> <td>1,453,090</td> <td>1,174</td> <td>1,183 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Longgang,_Zhejiang" title="Longgang, Zhejiang">Longgang</a> City </td> <td>County-level city </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">龙港市</span></span> </td> <td>Lónggǎng Shì </td> <td>464,695</td> <td>184</td> <td>2,525 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yongjia_County" title="Yongjia County">Yongjia County</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/County_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="County (China)">County</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">永嘉县</span></span> </td> <td>Yǒngjiā Xiàn </td> <td>869,548</td> <td>2,674</td> <td>295 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pingyang_County" title="Pingyang County">Pingyang County</a> </td> <td>County </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">平阳县</span></span> </td> <td>Píngyáng Xiàn </td> <td>863,166</td> <td>1,042</td> <td>731 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cangnan_County" title="Cangnan County">Cangnan County</a> </td> <td>County </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">苍南县</span></span> </td> <td>Cāngnán Xiàn </td> <td>843,959</td> <td>1,088</td> <td>931 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wencheng_County" title="Wencheng County">Wencheng County</a> </td> <td>County </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">文成县</span></span> </td> <td>Wénchéng Xiàn </td> <td>288,168</td> <td>1,271</td> <td>167 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taishun_County" title="Taishun County">Taishun County</a> </td> <td>County </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">泰顺县</span></span> </td> <td>Tàishùn Xiàn </td> <td>265,973</td> <td>1,762</td> <td>132 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg/220px-Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg/330px-Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg/440px-Shopping_street_in_Wenzhou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Wuma Shopping Street</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wenzhou" title="Special:EditPage/Wenzhou">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p> Wenzhou exports food, <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">jute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timber" class="mw-redirect" title="Timber">timber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paper" title="Paper">paper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alunite" title="Alunite">alunite</a> (a non-metallic mineral used to make alum and fertilizer). Alunite is abundant and Wenzhou claims to be the "Alunite Capital of the World". Its 10 main industries each exceeding 1.5 billion dollars are electrical machinery, leather products, general equipment, power supply, plastic manufacturing, textile and garment, transport equipment, chemical products, metal products and metal processing. </p><p>From the 1990s, low-voltage electric appliances manufacturing became one of the major industries in Wenzhou, with some of the large private enterprises setting up joint ventures with <a href="/wiki/GE" class="mw-redirect" title="GE">GE</a> and <a href="/wiki/Schneider_Electric" title="Schneider Electric">Schneider</a>. </p><p>In 1994, exploration for <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> commenced in the <a href="/wiki/East_China_Sea" title="East China Sea">East China Sea</a> 100 km (62 mi) off the coast of Wenzhou. Companies such as <a href="/wiki/Texaco" title="Texaco">Texaco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Dutch_Shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Dutch Shell">Shell</a> and <a href="/wiki/JAPEX" title="JAPEX">JAPEX</a> have started to drill for oil but the operations have been largely unsuccessful. </p><p>Wenzhou is a city full of vibrant business activities. When China began <a href="/wiki/Economic_reform_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic reform in the People's Republic of China">economic reforms</a> in 1978, Wenzhou was the first city in China to set up individual and <a href="/wiki/Private_enterprises" class="mw-redirect" title="Private enterprises">private enterprises</a> as well as shareholder cooperatives. It has also taken the lead in carrying out financial system reform and structural reform in townships. Being a pioneer in utilizing <a href="/wiki/Marketing" title="Marketing">marketing</a> mechanism to develop urban constructions, Wenzhou has won a number of firsts in China and set many national records. </p><p>From 1978 through 2016, the GDP of Wenzhou, a third-tier city in China, has increased from 1.32 billion RMB to 504.54 billion RMB with the gross fiscal revenue increasing from 0.135 billion RMB to 72.4 billion RMB, and the disposable net per capita income for rural residents increasing from 113.5 RMB to 22,985 RMB. The per capita disposable income for urban residents increased from 422.6 RMB in 1981 to 47,785 RMB in 2016, which is among the highest in China. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_reform_pilot_project">Financial reform pilot project</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Financial reform pilot project"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In late March 2012, China's <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a> announced that Wenzhou would be the site of a pilot project for the reform of private investment rules. The city had been a significant source of illegal loans, and this project would legalize and provide a regulatory framework for such activities. It has been seen not only as an attempt to legitimize Wenzhou's private finance market, but also as a model for cleaning up underground lending in China as a whole.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birthplace_of_China's_private_economy"><span id="Birthplace_of_China.27s_private_economy"></span>Birthplace of China's private economy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Birthplace of China's private economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early days of economic reforms, local Wenzhounese took the lead in China in developing a <a href="/wiki/Commodity" title="Commodity">commodity</a> economy, household industries and specialized markets. Many thousands of people and families were engaged in household manufacturing to develop individual and private economy (<a href="/wiki/Private_enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Private enterprise">private enterprise</a>). Until now,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (August 2022)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> Wenzhou has a total of 240,000 individually owned commercial and industrial units and 130,000 private enterprises of which 180 are group companies, four among China's top 500 enterprises and 36 among national 500 top private enterprises. There are 27 national production bases such as "China's Shoes Capital" and "China's Capital of Electrical Equipment", China's 40 famous trademarks and China's famous-brand products and 67 national inspection-exempt products in the city.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The development of private economy in Wenzhou has created the "Wenzhou Economic Model", which inspires the modernization drive in China.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The city of Wenzhou is a world leader in <a href="/wiki/Lighter" title="Lighter">lighter</a> manufacturing with over 500 such companies in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plastic weaving cluster in Wenzhou comprised 1600 enterprises in 2001, employing 42,000 people with an annual output value of 20 billion Yuan. The Local cluster comprised 400 manufacturers in 2001 with a total output of 5 billion Yuan, representing 65 percent of the domestic market share. The cluster is the first in China in terms of market share and sold it products to 60 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-Chandra-2006_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chandra-2006-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are many areas in which people of Wenzhou opened the first example of private economy in post-1949 China. For instance, Juneyao Airlines started in July 1991, which is the first private airline company in China. Jinwen Rail Way is also the first rail way company which is built with private capital. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_zones">Industrial zones</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Industrial zones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wenzhou_Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zone">Wenzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Wenzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This zone was established and approved by state council in 1992. The main traffic system around the zone include No.104 National Highway, Ningbo-Wenzhou Expressway and Wenzhou Bridge. It is located near to Wenzhou International Airport and Wenzhou Port. Industries encouraged in the zone include electrical equipment, electronic information, chemical medicine, building materials, and textiles.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wenzhou_Oujiang_River_Estuary_Industrial_Zone">Wenzhou Oujiang River Estuary Industrial Zone</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Wenzhou Oujiang River Estuary Industrial Zone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wenzhou" title="Special:EditPage/Wenzhou">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This zone is in the east of the city proper, with industrial focuses mainly on logistics, cultural and tourism industry, smart manufacturing, information technology, as well as electronics and <a href="/wiki/Petrochemical_industry" title="Petrochemical industry">petrochemical industry</a> near the coastal area of Dongtou. The traffic system around the zone include the <a href="/wiki/Oujiang_Beikou_Bridge" title="Oujiang Beikou Bridge">Oujiang Beikou Bridge</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oufei_Project">Oufei Project</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Oufei Project"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2014, the Oufei Project (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">欧飞工程</span>) was initiated as a land reclamation project in Wenzhou. The original targeted area upon completion was <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005203000000000000♠"></span>20.3<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>4</sup></span> <a href="/wiki/Mu_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mu (unit)">mu</a> (124 sq km), with an estimated construction cost of 60 billion <a href="/wiki/RMB" class="mw-redirect" title="RMB">RMB</a> (<i>c.</i> US$8bn).<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aim of the project is to promote economic development, and it would serve as the largest land reclamation project in China as of 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015 the project secured an 4.5 billion RMB in a low-interest long-term loans, receiving provincial-level support.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tideland reclamation was accomplished using a <a href="/wiki/Vacuum_consolidation" title="Vacuum consolidation">vacuum preloading</a> method, with a planned size of 323.4 square kilometers.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was some academic criticism of the project's potential damage to waterbird coastal habitats.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou_Longwan_International_Airport" title="Wenzhou Longwan International Airport">Wenzhou Longwan International Airport</a> serves the Wenzhou area, with scheduled flights to major cities in mainland China as well as <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>. New direct air routes to Taipei and Cheju Island of South Korea were introduced in 2012. The airport is situated on the southeast of the city (approximately 20 km (12 mi) away). It's been graded as Category B civil airport, serving a population of 20 million spanning areas of Wenzhou, Taizhou and Lishui of Zhejiang and Ningde of the neighbouring Fujian. The correlated GDP of the area reaches 300 billion RMB. </p><p>The Airport started opening up in 1995 and direct flight to Macau was approved. Air route to Hong Kong was open in 1996. Linking 65 cities in the country with 34 permanently operating air routes, the Airport is among the fastest-growing and profitable among its peers in China. </p><p>The Airport ranks first in terms of passenger transit among cities of same level in China. In 2004, the Airport handled 29,700 landings, a passenger transit of 2.439 million, cargo throughput of 38,500 tons. </p><p>The new Terminal 2 was launched on 1 June 2018, which handle all domestic flights. The Terminal 1 was changed to international terminal that handles all international and regional (specifically from Wenzhou to Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan) flights. The Terminal 2 is equipped with 21 boarding bridges, 22 security check passages, 52 check-in counters (four check-in zones, A, B, C, and D) and 6 luggage claim systems. The launch of Terminal 2 is a huge milestone in the history of Wenzhou air traffic development.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Railway">Railway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Railway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wenzhounan_Railway_Station_platform,_2012-02-11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Wenzhounan_Railway_Station_platform%2C_2012-02-11.jpg/220px-Wenzhounan_Railway_Station_platform%2C_2012-02-11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Wenzhounan_Railway_Station_platform%2C_2012-02-11.jpg/330px-Wenzhounan_Railway_Station_platform%2C_2012-02-11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Wenzhounan_Railway_Station_platform%2C_2012-02-11.jpg/440px-Wenzhounan_Railway_Station_platform%2C_2012-02-11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wenzhou_South_railway_station" title="Wenzhou South railway station">Wenzhou South railway station</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Because of Wenzhou's geographic location, it is difficult to build a railway to connect it with other cities. Wenzhou's first railway, the <a href="/wiki/Jinhua%E2%80%93Wenzhou_railway" title="Jinhua–Wenzhou railway">Jinhua–Wenzhou railway</a>, opened on 11 June 1998. The railway runs from <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou_railway_station" title="Wenzhou railway station">Wenzhou railway station</a> northwest to <a href="/wiki/Jinhua" title="Jinhua">Jinhua</a> and is operated by the Jinwen Railway Company. The railway has a total length of 251 km (156 mi), including 135 bridges of 14 km (8.7 mi) in length 96 tunnels of 35 km (22 mi) in length. The Jinwen Railway was the first in China to be built with local capital, and gave birth to China's first standardized joint-stock enterprise: Zhejiang Jinwen Railway Development Co., Ltd.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2009, two high-speed railways opened in Wenzhou. The <a href="/wiki/Ningbo%E2%80%93Taizhou%E2%80%93Wenzhou_railway" title="Ningbo–Taizhou–Wenzhou railway">Ningbo–Taizhou–Wenzhou railway</a> runs north to Hangzhou, and the <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou%E2%80%93Fuzhou_railway" title="Wenzhou–Fuzhou railway">Wenzhou–Fuzhou railway</a>, runs south to <a href="/wiki/Xiamen" title="Xiamen">Xiamen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both lines accommodate high-speed <a href="/wiki/China_Railway_High-speed" title="China Railway High-speed">CRH</a> (China Railway High-speed) trains running at speeds of up to 200 km/h (120 mph) and have dramatically shortened rail travel time to neighboring cities. The <a href="/wiki/Jinhua%E2%80%93Wenzhou_high-speed_railway" title="Jinhua–Wenzhou high-speed railway">Jinhua–Wenzhou high-speed railway</a> was opened on 26 December 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Lucheng_District,_Wenzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucheng District, Wenzhou">Lucheng District</a> in Wenzhou was the site of China's <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou_train_collision" title="Wenzhou train collision">only major high-speed rail accident</a> to date. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rapid_transit">Rapid transit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Rapid transit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou_Rail_Transit" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenzhou Rail Transit">Wenzhou Rail Transit</a></div> <p>Wenzhou Mass Transit Railway Investment Group was launched in February 2011 with registered capital of 2 billion RMB, sole purpose being in the design, investment, construction and operation of the Wenzhou Mass Transit Rail Corporation, which will consist of regional (S-series lines) and local <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transit</a> lines in Wenzhou. The S-Lines serve regional transportation among Wenzhou's Counties and Districts. The first line, Line S1 stretching 53.5 kilometers, opened on 23 January 2019. Construction of Line S2 started on 30 December 2015. A preliminary application with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is underway for the initiation of the construction of metro lines M1 and M2, with a total length of 60.4 km (37.5 mi). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yongjia_School">Yongjia School</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Yongjia School"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Yongjia_School" title="Yongjia School">Yongjia School</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">永嘉学派</span>; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">永嘉學派</span>) is considered one of the most distinctive <a href="/wiki/School_of_thought" title="School of thought">schools of thought</a> in the history of China and was one of the three most influential schools of thought in the <a href="/wiki/Song_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Song Dynasty">Song Dynasty</a>. It has a high status in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_philosophy" title="Chinese philosophy">Chinese philosophy</a>. Since its founding it has been the cultural gene of the Wenzhou and has influenced China.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wzsk.gov.cn_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wzsk.gov.cn-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yjnet.cn_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yjnet.cn-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_characteristics">Main characteristics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Main characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are four main characteristics and aspects of the Yongjia School. First, it emphasizes the significance of <a href="/wiki/Practice_(learning_method)" title="Practice (learning method)">practice</a> over pure <a href="/wiki/Theory" title="Theory">theory</a>. Second, it proposes that <a href="/wiki/Chivalry" title="Chivalry">chivalry</a> should not be divorced from <a href="/wiki/Welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare">welfare</a>. Third, it promotes the <a href="/wiki/Conglomeration" class="mw-redirect" title="Conglomeration">conglomeration</a> of <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commerce" title="Commerce">commerce</a>. Fourth it underscores the significance of powerful <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a> and economic prosperity.<sup id="cite_ref-wzsk.gov.cn_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wzsk.gov.cn-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yjnet.cn_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yjnet.cn-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Market_economy_and_capitalism">Market economy and capitalism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Market economy and capitalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yongjia School is arguably the only prestigious Chinese school of thought of which the main teachings emphasize <a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">currency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commerce" title="Commerce">commerce</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Private_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Private economy">private economy</a>. Modern scholars attribute the unprecedented <a href="/wiki/Economic_prosperity" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic prosperity">economic prosperity</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Song_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Song Dynasty">Song Dynasty</a> to the influence of Yongjia School.<sup id="cite_ref-wzsk.gov.cn_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wzsk.gov.cn-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yjnet.cn_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yjnet.cn-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chinese_opera">Chinese opera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Chinese opera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Song_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Song Dynasty">Northern Song Dynasty</a> in the 12th century, Nan Opera, also called as the Wenzhou Opera and Yongjia Opera, was produced in Wenzhou as the earliest form of traditional <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Opera">Chinese Opera</a> in the history of China.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-温州南戏的研究_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-温州南戏的研究-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In its early stage of development, Nan Opera developed and matured rapidly along with the prosperous economic activities that were taking place in Wenzhou influenced by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yongjia_School_of_Thought&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yongjia School of Thought (page does not exist)">Yongjia School of Thought</a>. Wenzhou as a prosperous treaty port back in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Song_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Song Dynasty">Southern Song Dynasty</a> expanded the influence of Nan Opera greatly. Since then, Nan Opera gained its great influence in China and reached its peak in <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuan Dynasty">Yuan Dynasty</a> and remained its prominent status in <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>. </p><p>In the time period of late <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuan Dynasty">Yuan Dynasty</a>, the original rulers of the country significantly lost their political power and that gave Nan Opera of Wenzhou a period of time in which it faced almost no resistance in development. Therefore, in late <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuan Dynasty">Yuan Dynasty</a>, Nan Opera of Wenzhou reached its highest peak historically and later in <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>, its original Wenzhou tone of Opera sung in <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> lost its influence and was mostly replaced by Kun Shan tone of Opera. Later on, because of the replacement in tone, Nan Opera gradually transcended into its later form <i><a href="/wiki/Chuanqi_(theatre)" title="Chuanqi (theatre)">chuanqi</a></i>, and remained its influence and became one of the major forms of drama in <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-big5.news.cn_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-big5.news.cn-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role_distribution_system">Role distribution system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Role distribution system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the stage setting of a Nan Opera performance, there are generally seven role distribution elements, Life (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F" class="extiw" title="wikt:生">生</a></span></span>), Denier (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%97%A6" class="extiw" title="wikt:旦">旦</a></span></span>), Ugliness (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%86%9C" class="extiw" title="wikt:醜">醜</a></span></span>), Clarity (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%B7%A8" class="extiw" title="wikt:淨">淨</a></span></span>), Finale (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AB" class="extiw" title="wikt:末">末</a></span></span>, Exterior (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%96" class="extiw" title="wikt:外">外</a></span></span>), Attachment (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%B2%BC" class="extiw" title="wikt:貼">貼</a></span></span>), with the main drama plot developed around Life (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">生</span></span>) and Denial (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">旦</span></span>) complemented usually by Ugliness (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">醜</span></span>), Clarity (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">淨</span></span>), and Finale (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">末</span></span>). This stage setting system of Nan Opera invented in Wenzhou with seven-element role distribution principle is the earliest complete on-stage role distribution principle system in the history of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Opera">Chinese Opera</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Four_Miracles_of_Yuan_Dynasty">Four Miracles of Yuan Dynasty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Four Miracles of Yuan Dynasty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although Nan opera is the first mature form of traditional <a href="/wiki/Chinese_opera" title="Chinese opera">Chinese opera</a>, throughout its history of development unlike that of many other later forms of Chinese opera, Nan opera was generally disregarded and repelled by the officials in early <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuan Dynasty">Yuan Dynasty</a> who held great contempt for the Southern Chinese people. </p><p>Despite the great resistance, local Wenzhounese that kept on developing Nan Drama still managed to compose extraordinary works respectively named as the "Jing Cha Tale", "Bai Tu Tale", "Bai Yue Ting", and "Sha Gou Ji", which were later known as the "Four Miracles" of <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuan Dynasty">Yuan Dynasty</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> According to modern studies, at least half of the Four Miracles were entirely created by local <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> artists with no non-local supplements and the other two consisting of some non-local supplements.<sup id="cite_ref-温州南戏的研究_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-温州南戏的研究-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tale_of_the_Pipa"><i>Tale of the Pipa</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Tale of the Pipa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Tale_of_the_Pipa" title="Tale of the Pipa">Tale of the Pipa</a></i> (or <i>Tale of Lute</i>) created by local <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> <a href="/wiki/Gao_Ming" title="Gao Ming">Gao Ming</a> is a work of Nan opera that represents its highest quality and essence in its highest peak of influence in mid-<a href="/wiki/Yuan_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuan Dynasty">Yuan Dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-big5.news.cn_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-big5.news.cn-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is called the connecting bridge of the time of Nan opera and the time of <i><a href="/wiki/Chuanqi_(theatre)" title="Chuanqi (theatre)">chuanqi</a></i>. The creation of <a href="/wiki/Tale_of_the_Pipa" title="Tale of the Pipa">Tale of the Pipa</a> is among the greatest achievements of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Opera">Chinese Opera</a> and has had an enormous impact on composition of traditional Chinese opera, and therefore, it is usually called as the "Ancestor of all Plays" in China along with Nan drama being called as the "Ancestor of all Operas" in China. In the 19th century, <a href="/wiki/Tale_of_the_Pipa" title="Tale of the Pipa">Tale of the Pipa</a> was translated into English, French, German and Latin.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ever since it was published in modern era, the <a href="/wiki/Tale_of_the_Pipa" title="Tale of the Pipa">Lute Song</a> has been significant in the history of Western appreciation of Chinese literature. </p><p>The first translation of Lute Song was published in 1841 in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> by <a href="/wiki/Imprimerie_nationale" class="mw-redirect" title="Imprimerie nationale">Imprimerie Royale</a>, written by <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Bazin" title="Antoine Bazin">Antoine (A. P. L.) Bazin</a> titled Le Pi-pa-ki ou l'Histoire de Luth, making the history of the first <i><a href="/wiki/Chuanqi_(theatre)" title="Chuanqi (theatre)">chuanqi</a></i> play published in a Western language<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1946, American musical comedy based on <a href="/wiki/Tale_of_the_Pipa" title="Tale of the Pipa">Tale of the Pipa</a>, titled <a href="/wiki/Lute_Song" class="mw-redirect" title="Lute Song">Lute Song</a> written by <a href="/wiki/Will_Irwin" title="Will Irwin">Will Irwin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Howard" title="Sidney Howard">Sidney Howard</a> and starred <a href="/wiki/Yul_Brenner" class="mw-redirect" title="Yul Brenner">Yul Brenner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mary_Martin" title="Mary Martin">Mary Martin</a>, was produced on <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nancy_Reagan">Nancy Reagan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Nancy Reagan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Tale of the Pipa</i> is also the only Broadway appearance of then-future <a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First Lady of the United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the play of Lute Song, <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a> "dyed her brown hair black and slanted her eyes like a real oriental girl",<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the show's producer told her, "You look like you could be Chinese".<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like all the other Nan Opera plays written by local <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> artists majorly in the original language of <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a>, the Lute Song is known for its complex linguistic demands which has caused international scholars to mainly focus on the shorter, and more accessible version as to their own concepts of the opera.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Four_forms_of_Nan_opera">Four forms of Nan opera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Four forms of Nan opera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the invention of Nan opera in Wenzhou in the 12th century, Nan Opera soon after started to spread its influence all across China as the first-ever mature form of Chinese opera. At the time in <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>, the original form of Nan Opera sung in <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> lost its influence because of its universality and evolved into 4 different forms that were sung in four different tones(melodies). However, some scholars today argue that Nan Opera in <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a> were sung in five different tones (melodies).<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The original Nan Opera gave births to four different forms of itself in Ming Dynasty: Haiyan Tone (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">海盐腔</span></span>), <a href="/wiki/Yuyao" title="Yuyao">Yuyao</a> Tone (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">余姚腔</span></span>), <a href="/wiki/Kunshan" title="Kunshan">Kunshan</a> Tone (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">昆山腔</span></span>), and Yiyang Tone (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">弋阳腔</span></span>). Among the four forms, the most popular one today is known as the <a href="/wiki/Kun_Opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Kun Opera">Kun Opera</a> that evolved from the Kunshan Tone of Nan Opera in <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kun_Opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Kun Opera">Kun Opera</a> is listed as one of the <a href="/wiki/Masterpieces_of_the_Oral_and_Intangible_Heritage_of_Humanity" title="Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity">Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity</a> by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> since 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mathematics">Mathematics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Mathematics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wenzhou has a long history of mathematics and many mathematical records in modern China are made by local <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> mathematicians and scholars. In 1896, the father of oracle bone script decipherment, <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> scholar <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yirang" title="Sun Yirang">Sun Yirang</a>, founded the first-ever mathematics academy in the history of China, Ruian Mathematics Academy (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">瑞安學計館</span></span>) in Wenzhou. A year later, in 1897, local <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> Huang Qingcheng founded the first-ever periodical of mathematics in China, "Journal of Arithmetic" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">算学報</span></span>). In 1899, a mathematical association was established in Wenzhou, named "Ruian Heaven Calculation Association" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">瑞安天算學社</span></span>), making the history of being the very first regional mathematical association in the history of China.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cradle_of_Mathematicians">Cradle of Mathematicians</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Cradle of Mathematicians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wenzhou is renowned as the cradle of mathematicians in the Greater China Region; it has given births to over 200 mathematicians known both internationally and domestically in the past 100 years. According to numerous reports, in the 20th century, over one-fourth to one-third of chairs of mathematics department of colleges and mathematical associations all over China were local <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> mathematicians and scholars. During 2002 <a href="/wiki/International_Mathematical_Union" title="International Mathematical Union">International Mathematical Union</a> conference in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, a case study named "analysis of vast communal formation of Wenzhounese mathematicians" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">温籍数学家群体成因分析</span></span>) was discussed by mathematicians from all over the world. The goal of analyzing the case study was to understand and acknowledge the significance of the cultural influence of Wenzhounese mathematicians and their contributions to mathematics. The case study was also brought up during the conference to analyze the future trend of cultivating a new generation of mathematicians in China and around the world. Such a rare phenomenon has never existed in the history of the world as throughout the history of the city, Wenzhou has given births to more mathematicians more than any other city in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview with local Wenzhounese mathematician, one of the pioneers of mathematics in modern China <a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> conducted by Wenzhounese science fiction writer <a href="/wiki/Ye_Yonglie" title="Ye Yonglie">Ye Yonglie</a>, many unknown details of the local Wenzhou mathematics culture were revealed. <a href="/wiki/Ye_Yonglie" title="Ye Yonglie">Ye Yonglie</a> was told by <a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a> that "many of the chairs of math departments of major universities in China were local Wenzhounese and in the conferences of <a href="/wiki/International_Mathematical_Union" title="International Mathematical Union">International Mathematical Union</a>, the local language of <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> is the unofficial and second language of the union besides official language English." Moreover, when Ye Yonglie asked Su Buqing whether "the commonly shared Wenzhounese cuisine culture of consuming <a href="/wiki/Large_yellow_croaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Large yellow croaker">Large yellow croaker</a> was one of the major reasons of the vast formation of local mathematicians", Su Buqing answered "No, no, no. It's rather because the entire area of Wenzhou is too poor to do science, and it only takes the cost of a pencil to do math, therefore, most of the Wenzhounese people just started to do math, and then, generations of local mathematicians just kept coming out of the city."<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jiang_Lifu">Jiang Lifu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Jiang Lifu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wenzhounese mathematician <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Lifu" title="Jiang Lifu">Jiang Lifu</a> is commonly considered as the father of mathematics and pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Geometry" title="Geometry">geometry</a> in modern China. Jiang was the second person in modern China's history to obtain a PhD in mathematics and the first to do so in Wenzhou. In 1920, he returned to China and founded the Department of Mathematics at <a href="/wiki/Nankai_University" title="Nankai University">Nankai University</a>, the second-ever mathematics department in the history of modern China. He was the only professor and teacher in the department for the first four years and was very strict with his teaching and students.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-image.sciencenet.cn_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-image.sciencenet.cn-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1940, Jiang became the chairman of the "Neo-China Mathematics Society." In 1947, Jiang founded the Institute of Mathematics of <a href="/wiki/Academia_Sinica" title="Academia Sinica">Academia Sinica</a> and was the institute's founding director. He appointed his student, one of the most influential mathematicians of the 20th century, <a href="/wiki/Shiing-Shen_Chern" title="Shiing-Shen Chern">Shiing-Shen Chern</a> to become the institute's acting director in Shanghai. Jiang also played a pioneering and fundamental role in encouraging and arranging foreign studies of mathematics for Chinese students in modern China in the early 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mathematician <a href="/wiki/Shiing-Shen_Chern" title="Shiing-Shen Chern">Shiing-Shen Chern</a> once noted that "for many years, Mr. Jiang was the foremost leader in the field of mathematics in China"(在许多年的时间里，姜先生是中国数学界最主要的领袖). <a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a> also noted that "his influence and contribution to mathematics in modern China is so grand that without him, mathematics in China would have been completely different"(他对中国现代数学事业功劳重大，影响至深，没有他，中国数学面貌将会是另一个样子).<sup id="cite_ref-image.sciencenet.cn_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-image.sciencenet.cn-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shiing-Shen_Chern">Shiing-Shen Chern</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Shiing-Shen Chern"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2003, mathematician <a href="/wiki/Shiing-Shen_Chern" title="Shiing-Shen Chern">Shiing-Shen Chern</a> visited Wenzhou as invited by Wenzhounese mathematician <a href="/wiki/Gu_Chaohao" title="Gu Chaohao">Gu Chaohao</a>. During his visit, Chern wrote five words in Chinese calligraphy, "Home of Mathematicians," as he was marveled by the large number of prominent mathematicians and mathematical scholars from the city of Wenzhou.<sup id="cite_ref-image.sciencenet.cn_73-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-image.sciencenet.cn-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-old.cim.nankai.edu.cn_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-old.cim.nankai.edu.cn-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout Chern's life, he developed many close and meaningful relationships with mathematicians from Wenzhou. </p><p>For instance, Chern's first mathematics teacher, mentor, and professor in life is <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> mathematician, <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Lifu" title="Jiang Lifu">Jiang Lifu</a>. Jiang was the second person in modern China's history to obtain a PhD in mathematics and founded the Department of Mathematics at <a href="/wiki/Nankai_University" title="Nankai University">Nankai University</a>, Chern's alma mater. Chern once noted that "I specialize in <a href="/wiki/Geometry" title="Geometry">geometry</a> because of my professor in college, Dr. Jiang"(我从事几何大都亏了我的大学老师姜立夫博士) and "my fundamental mathematical education was all given by Mr. Jiang through dictation"(我的基本数学训练都是姜先生口授的).<sup id="cite_ref-old.cim.nankai.edu.cn_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-old.cim.nankai.edu.cn-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taiwanese_high-tech_industry">Taiwanese high-tech industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Taiwanese high-tech industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wenzhounese mathematician <a href="/wiki/Shu_Shien-Siu" title="Shu Shien-Siu">Shu Shien-Siu</a> is today considered as the father of the high-tech industry in Taiwan while the high-tech industry today is considered to be the biggest contributor to Taiwan's economy. When Siu was the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Science_and_Technology_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan)">Minister of Science and Technology</a> from 1973 to 1980, he proposed to establish the <a href="/wiki/Hsinchu_Science_and_Industrial_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park">Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hsinchu" title="Hsinchu">Hsinchu</a> in 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Siu's revolutionary proposal, rounds of debate about the location of <a href="/wiki/Hsinchu_Science_and_Industrial_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park">Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park</a> unfolded. <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Ching-kuo" title="Chiang Ching-kuo">Chiang Ching-kuo</a> argued that the park should be built in <a href="/wiki/Longtan_District,_Taoyuan" title="Longtan District, Taoyuan">Longtan District</a> in <a href="/wiki/Taoyuan,_Taiwan" title="Taoyuan, Taiwan">Taoyuan</a> considering the potential benefits that could be drawn from <a href="/wiki/National_Chung-Shan_Institute_of_Science_and_Technology" title="National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology">National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology</a> and future relationship between the military field and the park. However, <a href="/wiki/Shu_Shien-Siu" title="Shu Shien-Siu">Shu Shien-Siu</a> argued that the park should be built in <a href="/wiki/Hsinchu" title="Hsinchu">Hsinchu</a> because what <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> and the park needed was creativity and private economic power that would stem from the people instead of the government and the military. Therefore, Siu said that it was not a wise decision to draw too much relation between the military and the science and industrial park. Also, <a href="/wiki/Longtan_District,_Taoyuan" title="Longtan District, Taoyuan">Longtan District</a> was a relatively remote place as compared to <a href="/wiki/Hsinchu" title="Hsinchu">Hsinchu</a> and thus, the potential of the park would be greatly diminished if it were to be built in <a href="/wiki/Longtan_District,_Taoyuan" title="Longtan District, Taoyuan">Longtan District</a>. </p><p>More importantly, Siu's decision made in 1976 is commonly praised today as he foresaw the right model of the park. Siu wanted the <a href="/wiki/Hsinchu_Science_and_Industrial_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park">Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park</a> to be like <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a> which is adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>. Thinking differently from <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Ching-kuo" title="Chiang Ching-kuo">Chiang Ching-kuo</a>, Siu saw the potential advantages and tremendous resources the <a href="/wiki/Hsinchu_Science_and_Industrial_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park">Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park</a> could benefit from the <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Chiao_Tung_University" title="National Chiao Tung University">National Chiao Tung University</a>. Therefore, Siu determined to manage to build the park in <a href="/wiki/Hsinchu" title="Hsinchu">Hsinchu</a>, where both universities are located at. </p><p>Today, <a href="/wiki/Hsinchu_Science_and_Industrial_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park">Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park</a> is commonly considered as the <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Orient" title="Orient">Orient</a> and the high-tech industry stands as the biggest contributor to Taiwan's economy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Higher_education_in_Taiwan">Higher education in Taiwan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Higher education in Taiwan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1961, <a href="/wiki/Shu_Shien-Siu" title="Shu Shien-Siu">Shu Shien-Siu</a> founded the Department of Mathematics at <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a>, one of the most prestigious universities in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>. A year later in 1962, Siu founded the Summer Mathematics Conference, the first-ever mathematical conference in the history of Taiwan.<sup id="cite_ref-清華大學數學系_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-清華大學數學系-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Siu became the president of <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a> in 1970, there were only 3 academic departments and no college on campus and the university only held a population of over 660 people including faculty members. In order to expand the size of the university and contribute to the growth of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, Siu organized to establish the college of <a href="/wiki/Engineering" title="Engineering">engineering</a> that consists of five departments and expanded the Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science by transforming it into the college of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear science">nuclear science</a> which consists of two departments and one institute. From 1971 to 1973, Siu managed to employ a total of 165 professors with <a href="/wiki/Doctoral_degree" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctoral degree">doctoral degrees</a>. Also, during his presidency, Siu carried out the 15-year strategic plan for the university and placed heavy emphasis on the construction of buildings on campus such as the Department of Chemistry, the auditorium, the gymnasium and dormitories for students and housing buildings for academic staff as Siu sought to increase the bond between the academic staff and the students.<sup id="cite_ref-清華大學數學系_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-清華大學數學系-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-纪念数学家徐贤修百年诞辰_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-纪念数学家徐贤修百年诞辰-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the time he left <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a> in 1975, the university had a total of nine departments, three colleges, and 13 institutes with a student population of over 2200(including graduate students) and academic staff population of over 160. In 1975, after Siu's five years of presidency, <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a> placed first in all three fields of <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">Mathematics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">Physics</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">Chemistry</a> in Taiwan.<sup id="cite_ref-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Siu was deeply influenced by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yongjia_School_of_Thought&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yongjia School of Thought (page does not exist)">Yongjia School of Thought</a> when he grew up in Wenzhou, during his presidential career at the university, Siu placed heavy emphasis on the idea of practicality instead of the traditional Chinese belief of the importance of theory, and also made it clear that as students, the interaction with the society will always be more important than that within the campus. One of the most influential quotes of Siu is "What we need the most are the practitioners, who directly involve, but not the theorists" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">我们最需要的是实行家，直接的参与，而非理论家</span></span>). That main idea held by Siu to build the university in its early stage of development is almost identical as one of the central philosophies of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yongjia_School_of_Thought&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yongjia School of Thought (page does not exist)">Yongjia School of Thought</a>, the cultural gene of the city of Wenzhou. Such a unique form of philosophy of Siu would later be proven to have a tremendous impact on the school and Taiwan's history as today, <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a> is known for its emphasis on practicality in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-清華大學數學系_78-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-清華大學數學系-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-纪念数学家徐贤修百年诞辰_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-纪念数学家徐贤修百年诞辰-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學_80-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id=""City_of_chess""><span id=".22City_of_chess.22"></span>"City of chess"</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: "City of chess""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1995, Wenzhou was given the title of "City of Chess" by <a href="/wiki/China_Qiyuan" title="China Qiyuan">China Qiyuan</a>, the official agency responsible for all <a href="/wiki/Board_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Board games">board games</a> and <a href="/wiki/Card_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Card games">card games</a> in mainland China.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dy.163.com_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dy.163.com-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, Wenzhou celebrated its 25th anniversary of being the "City of Chess" in China. President of <a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a> <a href="/wiki/Arkady_Dvorkovich" title="Arkady Dvorkovich">Arkady Dvorkovich</a> sent a congratulatory letter to Wenzhou remarking that "Wenzhou has given births to many genius chess players, <a href="/wiki/Ye_Rongguang" title="Ye Rongguang">Ye Rongguang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Chen" title="Zhu Chen">Zhu Chen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ding_Liren" title="Ding Liren">Ding Liren</a>, congratulate the 25th anniversary of Wenzhou being titled the "City of Chess" in China.<sup id="cite_ref-dy.163.com_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dy.163.com-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zhu_Chen">Zhu Chen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Zhu Chen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wenzhounese chess practitioner and grandmaster <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Chen" title="Zhu Chen">Zhu Chen</a> is the first and currently, the only, chess player in the history of the world to win all youth, junior, and adult world championships. In August 1988, Zhu placed first and won the World Girls Under 12 Championship in Romania. In September 1994, Zhu placed first and won the World Girls Junior Chess Championship in <a href="/wiki/Matinhos" title="Matinhos">Matinhos</a>, Brazil. In November 1996, Zhu placed first and won the World Girls Junior Chess Championship in <a href="/wiki/Medellin" class="mw-redirect" title="Medellin">Medellin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>. In December 2001, Zhu placed first and won the World Women's Individual Championship in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2002, during the <a href="/wiki/FIDE_Grand_Prix" title="FIDE Grand Prix">FIDE Grand Prix</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a>, Zhu defeated <a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Ponomariov" title="Ruslan Ponomariov">Ruslan Ponomariov</a>, the World Chess Champion from 2002 to 2004, and knocked him out of the tournament, making her the first and only female world champion and athlete to defeat a male world champion in any competitive sport in the history of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhu is the current <a href="/wiki/Treasurer" title="Treasurer">treasurer</a> of <a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a> Management Board and <a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a> Council as well as Vice President of <a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a> Zonal Council.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_and_demographics">Culture and demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Culture and demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a></div> <p>Wenzhou natives speak a language of <a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Wu Chinese</a>, the language family shared by <a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suzhou" title="Suzhou">Suzhou</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>; called <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a>, also known as Oujiang (<span lang="zh-Hans">瓯江话</span>; <span lang="zh-Hant">甌江話</span>; <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Ōujiānghuà</span></i>) or Dong'ou (<span lang="zh-Hans">东瓯</span>; <span lang="zh-Hant">東甌</span>). Geographic isolation and the immigration of <a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a> speakers from nearby <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a> have caused <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> to evolve into a very <a href="/wiki/Phonologically" class="mw-redirect" title="Phonologically">phonologically</a> divergent hybrid difficult for outsiders to understand. As a result, even the adjacent <a href="/wiki/Taizhou_Wu" title="Taizhou Wu">Taizhou Wu</a> variety has little <a href="/wiki/Mutual_intelligibility" title="Mutual intelligibility">mutual intelligibility</a> with Wenzhounese. Conversely Wenzhouness itself has spread to the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_emigration" title="Chinese emigration">Chinese immigrant</a> communities in the <a href="/wiki/Flushing_Chinatown" class="mw-redirect" title="Flushing Chinatown">Flushing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Chinatown" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Chinatown">Brooklyn Chinatowns</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese people in New York City">New York City</a>. </p><p>The esoteric Wenzhounese language is reputed to have been used during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a> during wartime communication and in the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_War" title="Sino-Vietnamese War">Sino-Vietnamese War</a> for programming military ciphers (<a href="/wiki/Code" title="Code">code</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to its unique grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation, the language is basically impossible for any non-local to understand. </p><p>There is a common "fearing" rhymed saying in China that reflects the extreme comprehension difficulty of Wenzhounese: "Fear not the Heavens, fear not the Earth, but fear the Wenzhou person speaking Wenzhounese." (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">天不怕，地不怕，就怕温州人说温州话</span></span>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jiangxin_Temple_2016.3.13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Jiangxin_Temple_2016.3.13.jpg/220px-Jiangxin_Temple_2016.3.13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Jiangxin_Temple_2016.3.13.jpg/330px-Jiangxin_Temple_2016.3.13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Jiangxin_Temple_2016.3.13.jpg/440px-Jiangxin_Temple_2016.3.13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2992" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Kings_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavenly Kings Hall">Heavenly Kings Hall</a> at <a href="/wiki/Jiangxin_Temple" title="Jiangxin Temple">Jiangxin Temple</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bao_Gong_Temple_in_Ouhai,_Wenzhou,_Zhejiang,_China.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bao_Gong_Temple_in_Ouhai%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China.jpg/220px-Bao_Gong_Temple_in_Ouhai%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bao_Gong_Temple_in_Ouhai%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China.jpg/330px-Bao_Gong_Temple_in_Ouhai%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bao_Gong_Temple_in_Ouhai%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China.jpg/440px-Bao_Gong_Temple_in_Ouhai%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Temple of <a href="/wiki/Bao_Zheng" title="Bao Zheng">Bao Gong</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ouhai_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouhai District">Ouhai District</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guanji_temple_and_Huang_shrine_in_Lucheng,_Wenzhou,_Zhejiang,_China_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Guanji_temple_and_Huang_shrine_in_Lucheng%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China_%282%29.jpg/220px-Guanji_temple_and_Huang_shrine_in_Lucheng%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Guanji_temple_and_Huang_shrine_in_Lucheng%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China_%282%29.jpg/330px-Guanji_temple_and_Huang_shrine_in_Lucheng%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Guanji_temple_and_Huang_shrine_in_Lucheng%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China_%282%29.jpg/440px-Guanji_temple_and_Huang_shrine_in_Lucheng%2C_Wenzhou%2C_Zhejiang%2C_China_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="616" /></a><figcaption>Guanji <a href="/wiki/Chinese_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese temple">temple</a> (left) and Huang <a href="/wiki/Ancestral_hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancestral hall">ancestral shrine</a> (right) in <a href="/wiki/Lucheng_District,_Wenzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucheng District, Wenzhou">Lucheng District</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Most of the Wenzhou people practice <a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a> as people in the rest of China, while a part of the population is <a href="/wiki/Irreligious" class="mw-redirect" title="Irreligious">non-religious</a>. In addition, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> also have a presence in the city. </p><p>Prior to 1949 there were 2,000 registered places of worship and 4,500 priests, pastors and monks in the city. But, the state officially designated Wenzhou as an experimental site for an "atheistic zone" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">无宗教区</span></span>) in 1958 and during the <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a> (1966–1976), religious buildings were either closed or converted for other uses.<sup id="cite_ref-Nanlai_Cao_2010_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nanlai_Cao_2010-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Religion revived quickly since the 1980s, and today there are more registered places of worship than before.<sup id="cite_ref-Fewsmith_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fewsmith-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specifically, as of 2015<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the city has 8,569 registered folk religious temples and 3,961 registered places of worship of the five institutional religions (Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Protestantism).<sup id="cite_ref-China-Zentrum_2015_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-China-Zentrum_2015-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was the forefront in the registration and management of folk religious temples which was started in January 2015 and later extended to all Zhejiang.<sup id="cite_ref-China-Zentrum_2015_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-China-Zentrum_2015-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id=""China's_Jerusalem""><span id=".22China.27s_Jerusalem.22"></span>"China's Jerusalem"</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: "China's Jerusalem""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city has been for centuries a hub of Christian missionary activity; prior to 1949 it was home to 115,000 Christians, more than one-tenth of the total Christians in China at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-Fewsmith_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fewsmith-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today it remains an important center of Christianity in China. In 2006, it was reported that between 15 and 20% of the city's population was Christian.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, according to official data the city's Christians were at least one million (about 11% of the 2010 population).<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of its large concentration of Christians, the city has been dubbed the "Jerusalem of the East" or "China's Jerusalem" in some media reports.<sup id="cite_ref-Nanlai_Cao_2010_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nanlai_Cao_2010-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In recent years, the prominence of Wenzhou's Christian community has made it the target of some controversial government action. In 2014 CNN reported that local Communist Party authorities had demolished scores of churches and forcibly removed more than 300 church crosses.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recent reports have updated the numbers to over 200 churches destroyed and 2,000 crosses removed.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chinese government denies that the demolition of churches constitutes persecution of Christians, pointing instead to violations of land-use regulations as the reason for its actions. However, independent human rights groups and news agencies have met this denial with skepticism.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>New York Times</i>, for example, reported that internal government documents the newspaper had obtained revealed that these demolitions represented part of a deliberate strategy to reduce the public profile of Christianity in the region. Specifically, the <i>Times</i> cites a nine-page statement of provincial policy, singling-out the Christian community as targets for the regulation of "excessive religious sites" and "overly popular" religious activities. "The priority," the document states, "is to remove crosses at religious activity sites on both sides of expressways, national highways and provincial highways," as well as to, "Over time and in batches, bring down the crosses from the rooftops to the facade of the buildings."<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The provincial policy has met with some resistance. A Christian pastor who protested the removal of the crosses and the beating of 50 Christians was also jailed in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yandang_Mountain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Yandang_Mountain.jpg/220px-Yandang_Mountain.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Yandang_Mountain.jpg/330px-Yandang_Mountain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Yandang_Mountain.jpg/440px-Yandang_Mountain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> scroll painting depicting the ranges of Yandang Mountains.</figcaption></figure> <p>An essay written by <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Ziqing" title="Zhu Ziqing">Zhu Ziqing</a> on the beauty of Meiyu Pond (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">梅雨潭</span></span>) and waterfall in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Yandang_Mountains" title="Middle Yandang Mountains">Middle Yandang Mountains</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xianyan_Subdistrict&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xianyan Subdistrict (page does not exist)">Xianyan Subdistrict</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ouhai_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouhai District">Ouhai District</a>, Wenzhou after his visits to the area in 1923 is among the sixty potential reading selections test takers may be asked to read for the <a href="/wiki/Putonghua_Proficiency_Test" title="Putonghua Proficiency Test">Putonghua Proficiency Test</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Zhu_Zi-qing_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zhu_Zi-qing-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-green_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-green-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With a history of over 120 million years, <a href="/wiki/Yandang_Mountains" title="Yandang Mountains">Yandang Mountains</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yandangshan_Mountains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yandangshan Mountains (page does not exist)">Yandangshan Mountains</a>, literally the wild goose pond mountain(s) is known for its natural environment, arising from its many vertical rock faces and pinnacles, mountain slopes with forests and bamboo groves, streams, waterfalls and caves.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nanxi_River_(Zhejiang)" title="Nanxi River (Zhejiang)">Nanxi River</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Yongjia_County" title="Yongjia County">Yongjia County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanxi_River_(Zhejiang)" title="Nanxi River (Zhejiang)">Nanxi River</a> was famous for its 36 bends and 72 beaches. The main scenic spots of the Nanxi River area include the Furong Triangle Rock, the Waterfall of Tengxi Pool, the Twelve Peaks, the Taogong Cave, the Warehouse Under The Cliff, the Furong Ancient Hamlet and the Lion Rock.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was named as one of the National Tourist Scenic Spots by the State Council and has been listed in Tentative Lists of UNESCO World Heritage.<sup id="cite_ref-Nanxi_River_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nanxi_River-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wuyanling_foot_of_covered_bridges.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wuyanling_foot_of_covered_bridges.jpg/220px-Wuyanling_foot_of_covered_bridges.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wuyanling_foot_of_covered_bridges.jpg/330px-Wuyanling_foot_of_covered_bridges.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wuyanling_foot_of_covered_bridges.jpg/440px-Wuyanling_foot_of_covered_bridges.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>A covered bridge.</figcaption></figure> <p>Covered bridges, <a href="/wiki/Taishun_County" title="Taishun County">Taishun County</a> has more than 900 covered bridges, <a href="/wiki/Wuyanling_National_Nature_Reserve" title="Wuyanling National Nature Reserve">Wuyanling National Nature Reserve</a> in the west of the county represents significant natural values as well as being a touristic attraction. </p><p>Due to the variety and diverseness of local tourism attractions, Wenzhou was voted as the venue for the 2016 Annual Convention of Society for American Travel Writers (SATW) in October 2016, after beating contenders including Israel, the State of Texas, and Royal Caribbean International, the world leading cruise operator. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art_and_literature">Art and literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Art and literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wenzhou is 1682 years old with a profound and brilliant cultural background. It has given birth to many outstanding people and great scholars. Among them were <a href="/wiki/Wang_Shipeng" title="Wang Shipeng">Wang Shipeng</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Fuliang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Fuliang (page does not exist)">Chen Fuliang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ye_Shi" title="Ye Shi">Ye Shi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huang_Gongwang" title="Huang Gongwang">Huang Gongwang</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liu_Ji_(Song_Dynasty)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liu Ji (Song Dynasty) (page does not exist)">Liu Ji</a> during the South Song Dynasty, as well as <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yirang" title="Sun Yirang">Sun Yirang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xia_Nai" title="Xia Nai">Xia Nai</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xia_Chengtao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xia Chengtao (page does not exist)">Xia Chengtao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a> and others of the modern era. All of them have exerted significant influence in the history of Chinese philosophy, literature and science. Wenzhou is also the origin of China's landscape poetry, the founder of which, <a href="/wiki/Xie_Lingyun" title="Xie Lingyun">Xie Lingyun</a>, was the chief of Wenzhou's Yongjia Prefecture in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_and_Southern_dynasties" title="Northern and Southern dynasties">Northern and Southern dynasties</a> period. In <a href="/wiki/Song_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Song Dynasty">Song Dynasty</a>, there were 4 distinguished poets from Yongjia representing the River and Lake Poetry. Moreover, Wenzhou is the birthplace of Nan Drama of China, which is the origin of Chinese traditional drama of which includes drama forms such as <a href="/wiki/Peking_Opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Peking Opera">Peking Opera</a> and Yue Opera.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "The Romance of a Hairpin", a tale about Wang Shipeng and Qian Yulian, is well known among locals and serves an inspiration for many who have endured life pains but still have faith in love. For instance, "Tale of Lute", a play by <a href="/wiki/Gao_Zecheng" class="mw-redirect" title="Gao Zecheng">Gao Zecheng</a> of Ming Dynasty, is renowned abroad as one of the most outstanding works of Chinese drama along with <a href="/wiki/Kun_Opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Kun Opera">Kun Opera</a> of Yongjia which is recognized as the verbal and non-material human heritage. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWAgryiIZhM">Dancing in public is also part of the Wenzhou culture</a>. Wenzhou, the birthplace of China's <a href="/wiki/Private_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Private economy">private economy</a>, likewise is the birthplace of China's <a href="/wiki/Export-oriented_industrialization" title="Export-oriented industrialization">export-oriented industrialization</a>. From the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Song_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Song Dynasty">Southern Song Dynasty</a>, in contrasted to the <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a> represented by <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Xi" title="Zhu Xi">Zhu Xi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lu_Jiuyuan" title="Lu Jiuyuan">Lu Jiuyuan</a> in China urging people to study to be officials in the future, the theory of Wenzhou's Yongjia School represented by <a href="/wiki/Ye_Shi" title="Ye Shi">Ye Shi</a>, emphasized the importance of business. The theory has an enduring impact on the mindset of Wenzhou natives and has become the "cultural gene" in the economic development of Wenzhou ever since. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Business_culture">Business culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Business culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to both Wenzhou's cultural and geographical remoteness and its lack of natural resources (land, minerals, etc.), the Chinese central government has left the people of Wenzhou relatively autonomous. Away from the center of the political and economic stage, its people are more independent, self-reliant, and generally more business and family oriented. Numerous books have been published about the business sense of people from Wenzhou. Hence, when China switched from its <a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">planned economy</a> to its so-called <a href="/wiki/Capitalist_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitalist economy">capitalist economy</a> with Chinese (socialist) characteristics in the late 1980s, its people adjusted well to the new system and took advantage of it. A popular common saying calls Wenzhounese the "Jews of the Orient" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">东方的犹太人</span></span>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Wenzhounese have been stereotyped by other Chinese<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (April 2023)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup> as real estate speculators. <a href="/wiki/China_Daily" title="China Daily">China Daily</a> notes that investments from Wenzhounese buyers play a disproportionately large role in the increased property prices all over China.<sup id="cite_ref-China_Daily_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-China_Daily-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The people of Wenzhou are thought to be equipped with business sense and a commercial culture more dominant than anywhere else in China. Wenzhou has two economic characteristics: it was the first to launch a <a href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">market economy</a>, and it continues to have an active and developed <a href="/wiki/Private_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Private economy">private economy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wenzhou has one of the largest education sector, constituting 1/6 of the total in Zhejiang Province. As of the end of 2016, Wenzhou has 2368 schools of various kinds (from pre-school to higher education), with number of students stands at 1.4814 million and faculty number of 127,200. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Higher_education">Higher education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Higher education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With most of its universities and colleges established after 1949, before 1949, there was not one single university or college in Wenzhou. The highest educational institution in Wenzhou at the time was senior high school.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are three major universities in Wenzhou: <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou_University" title="Wenzhou University">Wenzhou University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou_Medical_University" title="Wenzhou Medical University">Wenzhou Medical University</a> and Wenzhou-Kean University. Wenzhou University resulted from the merger of the former University of Wenzhou, Wenzhou Normal College and other various normal colleges in the rural towns of Wenzhou. Its main campus is situated in the University Town, Cha Shan (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans-CN">茶山</span></span>). The former campus of Wenzhou Normal College on Xueyuan Road (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans-CN">学院路</span></span>) is still in use, while the former main campus of the University of Wenzhou now serves as the campus of the Wenzhou Foreign Language School and the Second Experimental Middle School of Wenzhou (No.13 Middle School).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Wenzhou Medical University is well-known globally in specializing in ophthalmology (national level key discipline), as well as provision of other medical courses. Several of Wenzhou's major hospitals are affiliated to this university, with Wenzhou No.1 Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University being the largest in floor space in Asia. The combined population of medical service covered by all the affiliated hospitals of Wenzhou Medical University is said to be over 20 million.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China approved the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou-Kean_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenzhou-Kean University">Wenzhou-Kean University</a> on 16 November 2011. It is one of the first two Chinese-American cooperatively run universities with legal person status, the other one being NYU Shanghai inaugurated on 15 October 2012.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Official_websites_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Wenzhou">Official websites of universities and colleges in Wenzhou</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Official websites of universities and colleges in Wenzhou"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wzu.edu.cn/">Wenzhou University</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wmu.edu.cn/">Wenzhou Medical University</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wzbc.edu.cn/">Wenzhou Business College</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wku.edu.cn/">Wenzhou Kean University</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wzvtc.cn/">Wenzhou Vocational & Technical College</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zjdfc.com/">Zhejiang DongFang Vocationa & Technical College</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zjitc.net/">Zhejiang Industry and Trade Polytechnic</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiucas.ac.cn/">Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mathematicians">Mathematicians</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Mathematicians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Yirang" title="Sun Yirang">Sun Yirang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">孫诒让</span></span>; 1848–1908), pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Oracle_bone_script" title="Oracle bone script">oracle bone script</a> decipherment, founder of the first mathematical academy in the history of China, mentor of Huang Qingcheng</li> <li>Huang Qingcheng (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">黄庆澄</span></span>; 1863–1904), founder of the first periodical of mathematics in the history of China, student of <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yirang" title="Sun Yirang">Sun Yirang</a>, uncle of Jiang Lifu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Lifu" title="Jiang Lifu">Jiang Lifu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">姜立夫</span></span>; 1890–1978), father of mathematics in modern China, first director of <a href="/wiki/Academia_Sinica" title="Academia Sinica">Academia Sinica</a> Institute of Mathematics, mentor of <a href="/wiki/Shiing-Shen_Chern" title="Shiing-Shen Chern">Shiing-Shen Chern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a>, father of Jiang Boju, nephew and student of Huang Qingcheng</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">苏步青</span></span>; 1902–2003), honorary chairman of Chinese Mathematical Society, first geometer in the <a href="/wiki/Orient" title="Orient">Orient</a>, renowned as "King of Math" in China, student of <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Lifu" title="Jiang Lifu">Jiang Lifu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Ruifu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Ruifu (page does not exist)">Li Ruifu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">李锐夫</span></span>; 1903–1987), prominent mathematician and astronomer, former vice chairman of Shanghai Mathematical Society and Shanghai Astronomical Society</li> <li>Fang Dezhi (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">方德植</span></span>; 1910–), former chairman of the Department of Mathematics at <a href="/wiki/Xiamen_University" title="Xiamen University">Xiamen University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu_Shien-Siu" title="Shu Shien-Siu">Shu Shien-Siu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">徐賢修</span></span>; 1912–2002), father of high-tech industry in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li>Xu Guifang (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">徐桂芳</span></span>; 1912–), former chairman of the Department of Mathematics at <a href="/wiki/Xi%27an_Jiaotong_University" title="Xi'an Jiaotong University">Xi'an Jiaotong University</a>, honorary director of Chinese Society of Computational Mathematics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ky_Fan" title="Ky Fan">Ky Fan</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">樊畿</span></span>; 1914–2010), prominent mathematician, former director of <a href="/wiki/Academia_Sinica" title="Academia Sinica">Academia Sinica</a> Institute of Mathematics, professor emeritus at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Santa_Barbara" title="University of California, Santa Barbara">University of California, Santa Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiang_Fuchen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xiang Fuchen (page does not exist)">Xiang Fuchen</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">项黼宸</span></span>; 1916–1990), former chairman of the Department of Mathematics at <a href="/wiki/National_Taiwan_University" title="National Taiwan University">National Taiwan University</a>, former director of <a href="/wiki/Academia_Sinica" title="Academia Sinica">Academia Sinica</a> Institute of Mathematics</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bai_Zhengguo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bai Zhengguo (page does not exist)">Bai Zhengguo</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">白正國</span></span>; 1916–2015), one of the pioneers of geometry in China, student of <a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a>, mentor of <a href="/wiki/Gu_Chaohao" title="Gu Chaohao">Gu Chaohao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chung_Tao_Yang" title="Chung Tao Yang">Chung Tao Yang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">杨忠道</span></span>; 1923–2005), chairman of the Department of Mathematics at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a> from 1978 to 1983, student of <a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Mingyong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Mingyong (page does not exist)">Zhang Mingyong</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">张鸣镛</span></span>; 1926–1986), former vice-chairman of Department of Mathematics at <a href="/wiki/Xiamen_University" title="Xiamen University">Xiamen University</a>, mentor of <a href="/wiki/Chen_Jingrun" title="Chen Jingrun">Chen Jingrun</a>, student of <a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Chaohao" title="Gu Chaohao">Gu Chaohao</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">谷超豪</span></span>; 1926–2012), former president of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Science_and_Technology_of_China" title="University of Science and Technology of China">University of Science and Technology of China</a>, student of <a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu-Chung_Hsiang" title="Wu-Chung Hsiang">Wu-Chung Hsiang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">项武忠</span></span>; born 1935), chairman of the Department of Mathematics at <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> from 1982 to 1985, one of the most influential <a href="/wiki/Topologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Topologist">topologists</a> of the second half of the 20th century</li> <li>Hu Yuda (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">胡毓达</span></span>; born 1935), former vice-chairman of executive council of Shanghai Mathematical Society, former executive director of Operations Research Society of China</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu-Yi_Hsiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu-Yi Hsiang (page does not exist)">Wu-Yi Hsiang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">项武义</span></span>; born 1937), prominent mathematician in <a href="/wiki/Geometry" title="Geometry">geometry</a>, professor emeritus at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>, one of the provers of <a href="/wiki/Kepler_Conjecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepler Conjecture">Kepler Conjecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Boju" title="Jiang Boju">Jiang Boju</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">姜伯驹</span></span>; born 1937), first dean of School of Mathematical Sciences at <a href="/wiki/Peking_University" title="Peking University">Peking University</a>, former chairman of Beijing Mathematical Society, son of <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Lifu" title="Jiang Lifu">Jiang Lifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Li-an" title="Chen Li-an">Chen Li-an</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陳履安</span></span>; born 1937), former president of the <a href="/wiki/Control_Yuan" title="Control Yuan">Control Yuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minister_(government)" title="Minister (government)">minister</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Republic_of_China)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Republic of China)">National Defense</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economic_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Economic Affairs (Taiwan)">Economic Affairs</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Chen_Cheng" title="Chen Cheng">Chen Cheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Yee_Lee" title="Peng Yee Lee">Lee Peng Yee</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">李秉彝</span></span>; born 1938), former president of Southeast Asian Mathematical Society, former vice president of <a href="/wiki/International_Commission_on_Mathematical_Instruction" title="International Commission on Mathematical Instruction">International Commission on Mathematical Instruction</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu_Shanzhen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lu Shanzhen (page does not exist)">Lu Shanzhen</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陆善镇</span></span>; born 1939), prominent mathematician, former president of <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Normal_University" title="Beijing Normal University">Beijing Normal University</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Banghe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Banghe (page does not exist)">Li Banghe</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">李邦河</span></span>; born 1942), prominent mathematician in <a href="/wiki/Differential_topology" title="Differential topology">differential topology</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Low-dimension_topology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Low-dimension topology (page does not exist)">low-dimension topology</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Invariable_quantum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Invariable quantum (page does not exist)">invariable quantum</a>, solver of Minimal Genus Problem</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Dayue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Dayue (page does not exist)">Chen Dayue</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陈大岳</span></span>; born 1963), dean of School of Mathematical Sciences at <a href="/wiki/Peking_University" title="Peking University">Peking University</a>, former vice president of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Mathematical_Society" title="Chinese Mathematical Society">Chinese Mathematical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Tony_Cai" title="T. Tony Cai">T. Tony Cai</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">蔡天文</span></span>; born 1967), 2008 <a href="/wiki/COPSS_Presidents%27_Award" title="COPSS Presidents' Award">COPSS Presidents' Award</a> winner, former president of International Chinese Statistical Association</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Go_and_chess_players">Go and chess players</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Go and chess players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bao_Yizhong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bao Yizhong (page does not exist)">Bao Yizhong</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">鲍一中</span></span>; 1500–1566), <a href="/wiki/Go_(game)" title="Go (game)">Go</a> chess player, most prominent chess player of China in <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>, renowned as the "highest echelon of Ming Dynasty"</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xie_Xiaxun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xie Xiaxun (page does not exist)">Xie Xiaxun</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">谢侠逊</span></span>; 1888–1987), father of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_chess" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese chess">Chinese chess</a>, renowned as the "Supreme Commander of Chess" and "King of Chess" in China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Rongguang" title="Ye Rongguang">Ye Rongguang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">叶荣光</span></span>; born 1963), first-ever <a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">chess</a> <a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_(chess)" title="Grandmaster (chess)">grandmaster</a> in the history of China, coach of <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Chen" title="Zhu Chen">Zhu Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Chen" title="Zhu Chen">Zhu Chen</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">諸宸</span></span>; born 1976), first person to win all youth, junior, adult World Championships, female chess international grandmaster and Women's World Champion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Liren" title="Ding Liren">Ding Liren</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">丁立人</span></span>; born 1992), chess grandmaster, youngest-ever winner of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Chess_Championship" title="Chinese Chess Championship">Chinese Chess Championship</a> at age 16, ranked first nationally and third internationally as of November 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, highest-ever <a href="/wiki/Elo_rating" class="mw-redirect" title="Elo rating">Elo</a> rated Chinese chess grandmaster, World Chess Champion 2023</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_presidents">University presidents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: University presidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Shaoqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Shaoqi (page does not exist)">Huang Shaoqi</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">黄绍箕</span></span>; 1854–1908), first president and co-founder of <a href="/wiki/Peking_University" title="Peking University">Peking University</a> (then Imperial University of Peking)<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Qi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiang Qi">Jiang Qi</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">姜琦</span></span>; 1885–1951), president of <a href="/wiki/Jinan_University" title="Jinan University">Jinan University</a> from 1925 to 1927</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">苏步青</span></span>; 1902–2003), president of <a href="/wiki/Fudan_University" title="Fudan University">Fudan University</a> from 1978 to 1983</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu_Shien-Siu" title="Shu Shien-Siu">Shu Shien-Siu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">徐賢修</span></span>; 1912–2002), president of <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a> from 1970 to 1975</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yu_Chenye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yu Chenye (page does not exist)">Yu Chenye</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">余承业</span></span>; 1920–2015), president of <a href="/wiki/Nanjing_University_of_Aeronautics_and_Astronautics" title="Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics">Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics</a> from 1982 to 1987</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Jinqing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Jinqing (page does not exist)">Chen Jinqing</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陈锦清</span></span>; 1921–1991), president of <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Dance_Academy" title="Beijing Dance Academy">Beijing Dance Academy</a> from 1978 to 1984</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Chaohao" title="Gu Chaohao">Gu Chaohao</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">谷超豪</span></span>; 1926–2012), president of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Science_and_Technology_of_China" title="University of Science and Technology of China">University of Science and Technology of China</a> from 1988 to 1993</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Guangzhong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Guangzhong (page does not exist)">Chen Guangzhong</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陈光中</span></span>; 1930), president of <a href="/wiki/China_University_of_Political_Science_and_Law" title="China University of Political Science and Law">China University of Political Science and Law</a> from 1992 to 1994</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu_Shanzhen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lu Shanzhen (page does not exist)">Lu Shanzhen</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陆善镇</span></span>; born 1939), president of <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Normal_University" title="Beijing Normal University">Beijing Normal University</a> from 1995 to 1999</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Shu" title="Frank Shu">Frank Shu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">徐遐生</span></span>; 1943), president of <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a> from 2002 to 2006</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qidi_Wu" class="mw-redirect" title="Qidi Wu">Wu Qidi</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">吴启迪</span></span>; born 1947), president of <a href="/wiki/Tongji_University" title="Tongji University">Tongji University</a> from 1995 to 2003</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Boda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu Boda (page does not exist)">Wu Boda</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">吴博达</span></span>; 1950), president of <a href="/wiki/Jilin_University" title="Jilin University">Jilin University</a> from 2002 to 2004</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zheng_Xiaojing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zheng Xiaojing (page does not exist)">Zheng Xiaojing</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">郑晓静</span></span>; 1958), president of <a href="/wiki/Xidian_University" title="Xidian University">Xidian University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teng_Jinguang" class="mw-redirect" title="Teng Jinguang">Teng Jinguang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">滕锦光</span></span>; 1964), president of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Polytechnic_University" title="Hong Kong Polytechnic University">Hong Kong Polytechnic University</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xue_Yanzhuang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xue Yanzhuang (page does not exist)">Xue Yanzhuang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">薛艳庄</span></span>; 1966), president of <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_University" title="Zhejiang University">Zhejiang University</a> from 1983 to 1986</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Zhaohui" title="Wu Zhaohui">Wu Zhaohui</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">吴朝晖</span></span>; 1966), president of <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_University" title="Zhejiang University">Zhejiang University</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academics">Academics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Academics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Xizhi" title="Wang Xizhi">Wang Xizhi</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">王羲之</span></span>; 303–361), sage of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_calligraphy" title="Chinese calligraphy">Chinese calligraphy</a>, former governor of Yongjia (Wenzhou)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Shi" title="Ye Shi">Ye Shi</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">叶适</span></span>; 1150–1223), philosopher, most important figure of the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Confucianism" title="Neo-Confucianism">neo-Confucianism</a> <a href="/wiki/Yongjia_School" title="Yongjia School">Yongjia School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Juefu" title="Gao Juefu">Gao Juefu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">高觉敷</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Gāo Juéfū</span></i>; 1896–1993), psychologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Xianwen" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu Xianwen">Wu Xianwen</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">伍献文</span></span>; 1900–1985), one of the pioneers of <a href="/wiki/Ichthyology" title="Ichthyology">Ichthyology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nematology" title="Nematology">Nematology</a> in China</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_Jiekan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fang Jiekan (page does not exist)">Fang Jiekan</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">方介堪</span></span>; 1901–1987), prominent calligrapher, former honorary chairman of Chinese Calligraphers Association</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Man-ch%27ing" title="Cheng Man-ch'ing">Cheng Man-ch'ing</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">郑曼青</span></span>; 1902–1975), <a href="/wiki/Tai_chi" title="Tai chi">tai chi</a> master, calligrapher, painter, poet, doctor of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese medicine">Chinese medicine</a>, called the "Master of Five Excellences"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xia_Nai" title="Xia Nai">Xia Nai</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">夏鼐</span></span>; 1910–1985), archaeologist, pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">archaeology</a> in modern China, one of the most honored scholars in <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qi_Jun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qi Jun (page does not exist)">Qi Jun</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">琦君</span></span>; 1917–2006), author, best-selling female author of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, one of the most significant female authors in the history of China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Cheng-siang" title="Chen Cheng-siang">Chen Cheng-siang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陈正祥</span></span>; 1922–2003), first prominent <a href="/wiki/Geographer" title="Geographer">geographer</a> in the history of China, one of the most prominent geographers in the world, renowned as the <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Alexander von Humboldt</a> of the Orient</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Guangzhong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Guangzhong (page does not exist)">Chen Guangzhong</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陈光中</span></span>; 1930), jurist, renowned as the father of <a href="/wiki/Criminal_procedure" title="Criminal procedure">Criminal procedure</a> of China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Shu" title="Frank Shu">Frank Shu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">徐遐生</span></span>; 1943), chair of astronomy department of <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> from 1984 to 1988, former president of <a href="/wiki/American_Astronomical_Society" title="American Astronomical Society">American Astronomical Society</a>, president of <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Shu_Shien-Siu" title="Shu Shien-Siu">Shu Shien-Siu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hsiao_Cheng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hsiao Cheng (page does not exist)">Hsiao Cheng</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">萧政</span></span>; 1943), editor and member of executive council of <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Econometrics" title="Journal of Econometrics">Journal of Econometrics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jin_Henghui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jin Henghui (page does not exist)">Jin Henghui</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">金恒炜</span></span>; 1944), journalist, author, pundit, former vice president of Taiwan Society</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Zhixun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shen Zhixun">Shen Zhixun</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">沈志勋</span></span>; 1962), experimental solid state physicist and a professor at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, one of the pioneers in materials physics, winner of E.O. Lawrence Award, Advisor for Science and Technology of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politicians">Politicians</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Politicians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Bowen" title="Liu Bowen">Liu Ji</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">刘基</span></span>; 1311–1375), one of the greatest military strategists and statesmen in the history of China, founding father of <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a> alongside founding emperor <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Yuanzhang" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhu Yuanzhang">Zhu Yuanzhang</a>, renowned as the Divine Chinese <a href="/wiki/Nostradamus" title="Nostradamus">Nostradamus</a>, author of <a href="/wiki/Shaobing_Song" title="Shaobing Song">Shaobing Song</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Huai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Huai (page does not exist)">Huang Huai</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">黃淮</span></span>; 1367–1449), <a href="/wiki/Grand_Secretariat" title="Grand Secretariat">Grand Secretariat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Cong" title="Zhang Cong">Zhang Cong</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">张璁</span></span>; 1475–1539), Ming Dynasty prime minister, reformer, founder of Ming Dynasty Revolution</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dai_Ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dai Ren (page does not exist)">Dai Ren</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">戴任</span></span>; 1862–1937), revolutionist of Democracy in China, prominent politician during <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a>, friend and partner of <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a></li> <li>Ruli Ing (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">殷汝骊</span></span>; 1883–1940), former deputy minister of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Finance">Ministry of Finance</a> of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a>, grandfather of <a href="/wiki/Nita_Ing" title="Nita Ing">Nita Ing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yao_Weixin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yao Weixin (page does not exist)">Yao Weixin</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">姚味辛</span></span>; 1889–1977), former head instructor of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Military_Academy" title="Republic of China Military Academy">Republic of China Military Academy</a> and national policy advisor to the president of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a></li> <li>Lin Bin (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">林彬</span></span>; 1893–1958), former minister of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Justice">Ministry of Justice</a> of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Cheng" title="Chen Cheng">Chen Cheng</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陳誠</span></span>; 1897–1965), former <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Vice President of the Republic of China">Vice President</a> and <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Premier of the Republic of China">Premier of the Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni_Wenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Ni Wenya">Ni Wenya</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">倪文亚</span></span>; 1902–2006), former president of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiang_Changquan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xiang Changquan (page does not exist)">Xiang Changquan</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">项昌权</span></span>; 1903–2000), former vice president of Department of Civil Affairs of Republic of China, former mayor of <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, father of <a href="/wiki/Wu-Chung_Hsiang" title="Wu-Chung Hsiang">Wu-Chung Hsiang</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu-Yi_Hsiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu-Yi Hsiang (page does not exist)">Wu-Yi Hsiang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hu_Xin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hu Xin (page does not exist)">Hu Xin</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">胡炘</span></span>; 1914–2002), former chief aide-de-camp to the president of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qidi_Wu" class="mw-redirect" title="Qidi Wu">Wu Qidi</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">吴启迪</span></span>; born 1947), former vice prime minister of <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China">Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China</a>, former president of <a href="/wiki/Tongji_University" title="Tongji University">Tongji University</a>, first collegiate president appointed through election in the history of China</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Lizhong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Lizhong (page does not exist)">Chen Lizhong</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陳立中</span></span>; born 1921), former deputy director-general of <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Agency_(Taiwan)" title="National Police Agency (Taiwan)">National Police Agency</a> and president of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Police_College" title="Taiwan Police College">Taiwan Police College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Ping" title="Jean Ping">Jean Ping</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">让平</span></span>; born 1942), former <a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Commission_of_the_African_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union">Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union</a>, former <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="President of the United Nations General Assembly">President of the United Nations General Assembly</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a> businessman Cheng Zhiping</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Se-hwa" title="Wu Se-hwa">Wu Se-hwa</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">吳思華</span></span>; born 1955), former minister of <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Education">Ministry of Education</a> of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Yicui" title="Yin Yicui">Yin Yicui</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">殷一璀</span></span>; born 1955), Chairwoman of Shanghai People's Congress from 2013 to 2020</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">李强</span></span>; born 1959), <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Premier of the People's Republic of China">Premier of the People's Republic of China</a>, politician, CPC municipal committee secretary of <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>, member of the <a href="/wiki/19th_Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">19th Central Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_Huiman" title="Yi Huiman">Yi Huiman</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">易会满</span></span>; born 1964), chairman of <a href="/wiki/China_Securities_Regulatory_Commission" title="China Securities Regulatory Commission">China Securities Regulatory Commission</a>, former chairman of <a href="/wiki/Industrial_and_Commercial_Bank_of_China" title="Industrial and Commercial Bank of China">Industrial and Commercial Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fang_Xinghai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fang Xinghai (page does not exist)">Fang Xinghai</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">方星海</span></span>; born 1964), vice-chairman of <a href="/wiki/China_Securities_Regulatory_Commission" title="China Securities Regulatory Commission">China Securities Regulatory Commission</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Businesspeople">Businesspeople</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Businesspeople"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheun_Mingling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheun Mingling (page does not exist)">Sheun Mingling</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">林训明</span></span>; born 1921), billionaire, founder of Evora SA, one of the world's biggest nonwoven manufacturer, biggest aluminum can manufacturer in Brazil</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Wang" title="Nina Wang">Nina Wang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">龚如心</span></span>; 1937–2007), billionaire, businesswoman, former Asia and Hong Kong's richest woman, founder of <a href="/wiki/Nina_Tower" title="Nina Tower">Nina Tower</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Teddy_Wang" title="Teddy Wang">Teddy Wang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung_Yan-sum" title="Kung Yan-sum">Kung Yan-sum</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">龚仁心</span></span>; born 1942), billionaire, brother of <a href="/wiki/Nina_Wang" title="Nina Wang">Nina Wang</a>, chairman of <a href="/wiki/Chinachem_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinachem Group">Chinachem Group</a>, one of the biggest property developers in Hong Kong</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Chang" title="Jason Chang">Jason Chang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">张虔生</span></span>; born 1944), billionaire, founder and president of <a href="/wiki/ASE_Group" title="ASE Group">ASE Group</a>, the world's largest provider of independent semiconductor manufacturing services</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Jiannan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Jiannan (page does not exist)">Huang Jiannan</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">黃建南</span></span>; born 1945), former chief fundraiser for <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Committee" title="Democratic National Committee">Democratic National Committee</a> in 1996</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Jianhai" title="Lin Jianhai">Lin Jianhai</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">林建海</span></span>; born 1955), economist, <a href="/wiki/Secretary-general" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-general">secretary-general</a> of <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nita_Ing" title="Nita Ing">Nita Ing</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">殷琪</span></span>; born 1955), business magnate, billionaire, first lady of the construction business in Taiwan, president of <a href="/wiki/Continental_Engineering_Corporation" title="Continental Engineering Corporation">Continental Engineering Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Chu" title="James Chu">James Chu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">朱家良</span></span>; born 1957), founder and president of <a href="/wiki/Viewsonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Viewsonic">Viewsonic</a>, world's first-ever manufacturer of <a href="/wiki/Smart_Display" title="Smart Display">Smart Display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jen-Hsun_Huang" class="mw-redirect" title="Jen-Hsun Huang">Jen-Hsun Huang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">黃仁勳</span></span>; born 1963), co-founder, president and CEO of <a href="/wiki/Nvidia" title="Nvidia">Nvidia</a>, founder of Jen-Hsun Huang Engineering Center of <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Xiaohui" title="Wu Xiaohui">Wu Xiaohui</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">吴小晖</span></span>; born 1966), owner of <a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Waldorf Astoria New York">Waldorf Astoria New York</a>, founder and CEO of China's second-biggest insurance group, Anbang Insurance Group</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Athletes">Athletes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Athletes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Jin" title="Michelle Jin">Michelle Jin</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">米歇尔·金</span></span>; born 1974), professional bodybuilder.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xia_Xuanze" title="Xia Xuanze">Xia Xuanze</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">夏煊泽</span></span>; born 1979), former male badminton player. <a href="/wiki/Badminton_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics" title="Badminton at the 2000 Summer Olympics">Badminton at the 2000 Summer Olympics</a> bronze medalist. <a href="/wiki/BWF_World_Championships" title="BWF World Championships">BWF World Championships</a> gold medalist. Current men's singles coach for the national team of China.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho-Pin_Tung" title="Ho-Pin Tung">Ho-Pin Tung</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">董荷斌</span></span>; born 1982), first <a href="/wiki/Formula_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula 1">Formula 1</a> racer in the history of China.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Qinan" title="Zhu Qinan">Zhu Qinan</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">朱启南</span></span>; born 1984), <a href="/wiki/Games_of_the_XXVIII_Olympiad" class="mw-redirect" title="Games of the XXVIII Olympiad">Games of the XXVIII Olympiad</a> Gold Medalist in sport shooting</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Jiayu" title="Xu Jiayu">Xu Jiayu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">徐嘉余</span></span>; born 1995), competitive <a href="/wiki/Swimmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Swimmer">swimmer</a> who specializes in the <a href="/wiki/Backstroke" title="Backstroke">backstroke</a>, <a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016 Summer Olympics</a> silver medalist. <a href="/wiki/FINA_World_Aquatics_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="FINA World Aquatics Championships">FINA World Aquatics Championships</a> gold medalist. 6X <a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Asian Games</a> gold medalist. Current national record holder in backstroke races in all distances (50, 100, and 200 meters).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Junsheng" title="Yao Junsheng">Yao Junsheng</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">姚均晟</span></span>; born 1995), footballer who currently plays for <a href="/wiki/Tianjin_Tianhai_F.C." title="Tianjin Tianhai F.C.">Tianjin Tianhai</a> and <a href="/wiki/China_national_football_team" title="China national football team">China national football team</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yuning_(footballer,_born_1997)" title="Zhang Yuning (footballer, born 1997)">Zhang Yuning (footballer, born 1997)</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">张玉宁</span></span>; born 1997), footballer who plays as a <a href="/wiki/Striker_(association_football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Striker (association football)">striker</a> for <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Guoan" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing Guoan">Beijing Guoan</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Super_League" title="Chinese Super League">Chinese Super League</a> and for the <a href="/wiki/China_national_football_team" title="China national football team">China national football team</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Siwei" title="Zheng Siwei">Zheng Siwei</a> (郑思维; born 1997), badminton player, three times <a href="/wiki/BWF_World_Championships" title="BWF World Championships">World Champion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Badminton_at_the_Asian_Games" title="Badminton at the Asian Games">Asian Games</a> gold medalist and <a href="/wiki/Badminton_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Badminton at the 2020 Summer Olympics">Olympics</a> silver medalist in the mixed doubles.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Zhanle" title="Pan Zhanle">Pan Zhanle</a> (潘展乐; born 2004), competitive <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_swimming" title="Freestyle swimming">Freestyle swimmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/2024_Summer_Olympics" title="2024 Summer Olympics">2024 Summer Olympics</a> two times gold medalist (men’s 100m freestyle, men’s 4x100m Medley Relay) and silver medalist (mixed 4x100m Medley Relay) holds world record of the <a href="/wiki/Swimming_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_100_metre_freestyle" title="Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle">Men's 100 metre freestyle</a> with a sub-47 seconds.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Others"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yongjia_Xuanjue" title="Yongjia Xuanjue">Yongjia Xuanjue</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">永嘉玄觉</span></span>; 655–713), <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Chán">Chán</a> master, Tiantai Buddhist monk, author of the <a href="/wiki/Song_of_Enlightenment" title="Song of Enlightenment">Song of Enlightenment</a></li> <li>Miu Tianrui (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">缪天瑞</span></span>; 1908–2009), pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Musical_temperament" title="Musical temperament">Musical temperament</a> in China, "father of <a href="/wiki/Music_journalism" title="Music journalism">Music journalism</a>" in China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeng_Liansong" title="Zeng Liansong">Zeng Liansong</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">曾联松</span></span>; 1917–1999), creator of <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of the People's Republic of China">Flag of the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nan_Huai-Chin" title="Nan Huai-Chin">Nan Huai-Chin</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">南怀瑾</span></span>; 1918–2012), spiritual teacher of contemporary China, the most important figure of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Chinese Buddhism</a> in modern China</li> <li>Wang Zhaofan (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">王昭藩</span></span>; born 1931), architect, one of the designers along with <a href="/wiki/Minoru_Yamasaki" title="Minoru Yamasaki">Minoru Yamasaki</a> of original <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001)" title="World Trade Center (1973–2001)">World Trade Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feng_Zhenghu" title="Feng Zhenghu">Feng Zhenghu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">冯正虎</span></span>; born 1954), economist, activist, reputed as the "prominent human rights defender" in China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Yun" title="Zhou Yun">Zhou Yun</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">周韵</span></span>; born 1978), main actress in <a href="/wiki/Let_the_Bullets_Fly" title="Let the Bullets Fly">Let the Bullets Fly</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Assassin_(2015_film)" title="The Assassin (2015 film)">The Assassin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_Wei" title="Tang Wei">Tang Wei</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">汤唯</span></span>; born 1982), actress, main actress in <a href="/wiki/Lust,_Caution" title="Lust, Caution">Lust, Caution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sui_He" title="Sui He">Sui He</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">何穗</span></span>; born 1989), <a href="/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret" title="Victoria's Secret">Victoria's Secret</a> fashion model, first Asian face of <a href="/wiki/Shiseido" title="Shiseido">Shiseido</a>, first Asian model to open a <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Lauren" title="Ralph Lauren">Ralph Lauren</a> runway show</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winwin" class="mw-redirect" title="Winwin">Winwin</a> (Dong Si Cheng) (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">董思成</span></span>; born 1997), known professionally as WINWIN (윈윈), is a lead dancer of K-pop group <a href="/wiki/NCT_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="NCT (band)">NCT (band)</a> of <a href="/wiki/SM_Entertainment" title="SM Entertainment">SM Entertainment</a> and <a href="/wiki/WayV" title="WayV">WayV</a> of Label V.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estelle_Chen" title="Estelle Chen">Estelle Chen</a> (Chen Yu) (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">陈瑜</span></span>; born 1998), <a href="/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret" title="Victoria's Secret">Victoria's Secret</a> fashion model, only Asian model in <a href="/wiki/Dior" title="Dior">Dior</a> <a href="/wiki/Haute_Couture" class="mw-redirect" title="Haute Couture">Haute Couture</a> 2015/2016</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Xukun" title="Cai Xukun">Cai Xukun</a> (蔡徐坤; born 1998), known professionally as KUN, is a Chinese solo artist and former member of C-pop group <a href="/wiki/Nine_Percent" title="Nine Percent">Nine Percent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_(singer,_born_2002)" class="mw-redirect" title="Justin (singer, born 2002)">Justin (singer, born 2002)</a> (Huang Ming Hao) (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">黄明昊</span></span>; born 2002), former member of <a href="/wiki/Nine_Percent" title="Nine Percent">Nine Percent</a> and current member of C-pop group <a href="/wiki/NEXT_(Chinese_band)" class="mw-redirect" title="NEXT (Chinese band)">NEXT (Chinese band)</a> also known as NEX7 under <a href="/wiki/Yuehua_Entertainment" title="Yuehua Entertainment">Yuehua Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Renhua" title="Wu Renhua">Wu Renhua</a>, participant in and researcher on the <a href="/wiki/1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="1989 Tiananmen Square protests">1989 Tiananmen Square protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xuedong" title="Chen Xuedong">Chen Xuedong</a> (陈学冬; born 1990), also known as Cheney Chen, Chinese actor</li> <li>Zhou Lijie (周历杰; born 1997), Chinese actor</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_China" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in China">List of twin towns and sister cities in China</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><small>pronounced</small> <span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[wə́n.ʈʂóʊ]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/1e\/Wen1zhou1.ogg\/Wen1zhou1.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Wen1zhou1.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Wen1zhou1.ogg/Wen1zhou1.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="播放音频" title="播放音频" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Wen1zhou1.ogg" title="File:Wen1zhou1.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a>: Yuziou <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʔy<sup>33–11</sup><span class="wrap"> </span>tɕiɤu<sup>33–32</sup>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">温州</span>; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">溫州</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Wēnzhōu</span></i>; <a href="/wiki/Chinese_postal_romanization" title="Chinese postal romanization">historically known as</a> <b>Wenchow</b></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/zhejiang/admin/">"China: Zhèjiāng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map"</a>. <i>www.citypopulation.de</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.citypopulation.de&rft.atitle=China%3A+Zh%C3%A8ji%C4%81ng+%28Prefectures%2C+Cities%2C+Districts+and+Counties%29+-+Population+Statistics%2C+Charts+and+Map&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citypopulation.de%2Fen%2Fchina%2Fzhejiang%2Fadmin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zj.gov.cn/art/2024/1/26/art_1554469_60194972.html"><bdi lang="zh">溫州市2023年全年GDP達8730.6億元</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%BA%AB%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%822023%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%A8%E5%B9%B4GDP%E9%81%948730.6%E5%84%84%E5%85%83&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zj.gov.cn%2Fart%2F2024%2F1%2F26%2Fart_1554469_60194972.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.wenzhou.gov.cn/art/2013/5/29/art_1231273_2331686.html">"Geography"</a>. <i>Wenzhou Government's Official Web Portal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180710225306/http://english.wenzhou.gov.cn/art/2013/5/29/art_1231273_2331686.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wenzhou+Government%27s+Official+Web+Portal&rft.atitle=Geography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.wenzhou.gov.cn%2Fart%2F2013%2F5%2F29%2Fart_1231273_2331686.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census10-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census10_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census10_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927075644/http://www.wenzhou.gov.cn/art/2011/5/10/art_4247_166018.html"><bdi lang="zh">温州市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). Wenzhou Municipal Statistic Bureau. 10 May 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wenzhou.gov.cn/art/2011/5/10/art_4247_166018.html">the original</a> on 27 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%822010%E5%B9%B4%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft.pub=Wenzhou+Municipal+Statistic+Bureau&rft.date=2011-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wenzhou.gov.cn%2Fart%2F2011%2F5%2F10%2Fart_4247_166018.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zjnews.zjol.com.cn/05zjnews/system/2011/05/06/017499461.shtml"><bdi lang="zh">浙江第六次全国人口普查数据公布温州常住人口最多-浙江|第六次全国人口普查|数据-浙江在线-浙江新闻</bdi></a>. <i>Zjnews.zjol.com.cn</i> (in Simplified Chinese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723112910/http://zjnews.zjol.com.cn/05zjnews/system/2011/05/06/017499461.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 23 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Zjnews.zjol.com.cn&rft.atitle=%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%83+%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%B8%E4%BD%8F%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%9A-%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%7C%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%7C%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE-%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF-%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fzjnews.zjol.com.cn%2F05zjnews%2Fsystem%2F2011%2F05%2F06%2F017499461.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-map-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-map_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/history_china.html">"Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection: Historical Maps of China"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100821001122/http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/history_china.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Perry%E2%80%93Casta%C3%B1eda+Library+Map+Collection%3A+Historical+Maps+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.utexas.edu%2Fmaps%2Fhistorical%2Fhistory_china.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHooper2010" class="citation web cs1">Hooper, John (18 November 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/nov/17/made-in-little-wenzhou-italy">"Made in little Wenzhou, Italy: the latest label from Tuscany"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Made+in+little+Wenzhou%2C+Italy%3A+the+latest+label+from+Tuscany&rft.date=2010-11-18&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2010%2Fnov%2F17%2Fmade-in-little-wenzhou-italy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrause2015" class="citation journal cs1">Krause, Elizabeth L. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1333&context=anthro_faculty_pubs">"Fistful of Tears": Encounters with Transnational Affect, Chinese Immigrants and Italian Fast Fashion"</a>. <i>University of Massachusetts Amherst Anthropology Department Faculty Publication Series</i>: 31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=University+of+Massachusetts+Amherst+Anthropology+Department+Faculty+Publication+Series&rft.atitle=Fistful+of+Tears%22%3A+Encounters+with+Transnational+Affect%2C+Chinese+Immigrants+and+Italian+Fast+Fashion&rft.pages=31&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Krause&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarworks.umass.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1333%26context%3Danthro_faculty_pubs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCeccagno" class="citation book cs1">Ceccagno, Antonella. <i>City Making and Global Labor Regimes: Chinese Immigrants and Italy's Fast Fashion Industry</i>. p. 109.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=City+Making+and+Global+Labor+Regimes%3A+Chinese+Immigrants+and+Italy%27s+Fast+Fashion+Industry&rft.pages=109&rft.aulast=Ceccagno&rft.aufirst=Antonella&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ezhejiang.gov.cn/wenzhou/2024-04/09/c_654199.htm">http://www.ezhejiang.gov.cn/wenzhou/2024-04/09/c_654199.htm</a> Wenzhou government website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Wên-chow-fu"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/W%C3%AAn-chow-fu">"Wên-chow-fu" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 518.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=W%C3%AAn-chow-fu&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=518&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E.g.: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinterbotham1795" class="citation book cs1">Winterbotham, William (1795). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A7g2AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA83"><i>An historical, geographical, and philosophical view of the Chinese empire: comprehending a description of the fifteen provinces of China, Chinese Tartary; tributary states; natural history of China; government, religion, laws, manners and customs, literature, arts, sciences, manufactures, &c</i></a> (2 ed.). p. 83.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+historical%2C+geographical%2C+and+philosophical+view+of+the+Chinese+empire%3A+comprehending+a+description+of+the+fifteen+provinces+of+China%2C+Chinese+Tartary%3B+tributary+states%3B+natural+history+of+China%3B+government%2C+religion%2C+laws%2C+manners+and+customs%2C+literature%2C+arts%2C+sciences%2C+manufactures%2C+%26c&rft.pages=83&rft.edition=2&rft.date=1795&rft.aulast=Winterbotham&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA7g2AAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zxyfs.com/html/fsxz/1374.html">"NameBright - Domain Expired" <bdi lang="zh">郭璞:杰出的城市规划大师-风水先哲-赣州风水养生堂</bdi></a>. <i>zxyfs.com</i> (in Simplified Chinese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518052737/http://www.zxyfs.com/html/fsxz/1374.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=zxyfs.com&rft.atitle=NameBright+-+Domain+Expired+%E9%83%AD%E7%92%9E%3A%E6%9D%B0%E5%87%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%88-%E9%A3%8E%E6%B0%B4%E5%85%88%E5%93%B2-%E8%B5%A3%E5%B7%9E%E9%A3%8E%E6%B0%B4%E5%85%BB%E7%94%9F%E5%A0%82&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zxyfs.com%2Fhtml%2Ffsxz%2F1374.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hokming.com/fengshuimaster-legendmaster-kksck.htm"><bdi lang="zh">風水大師郭璞先生的寶典--葬經, 關鍵字「風水大師」「葬經」.風水, 風水口訣, 風水大師, 風水師、風水師傅、風水設計, 風水, 陰宅風水, 青囊奧語-揀風水樓-風水用品-風水布局-風水瑞獸-風水師-風水課程</bdi></a>. <i>hokming.com</i> (in Traditional Chinese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161005113803/http://www.hokming.com/fengshuimaster-legendmaster-kksck.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hokming.com&rft.atitle=%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%AB%E9%83%AD%E7%92%9E%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%AF%B6%E5%85%B8--%E8%91%AC%E7%B6%93%2C+%E9%97%9C%E9%8D%B5%E5%AD%97%E3%80%8C%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%AB%E3%80%8D%E3%80%8C%E8%91%AC%E7%B6%93%E3%80%8D.%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%2C+%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E5%8F%A3%E8%A8%A3%2C+%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%AB%2C+%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E5%B8%AB%E3%80%81%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E5%B8%AB%E5%82%85%E3%80%81%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88%2C+%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%2C+%E9%99%B0%E5%AE%85%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%2C+%E9%9D%92%E5%9B%8A%E5%A5%A7%E8%AA%9E-%E6%8F%80%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E6%A8%93-%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%A8%E5%93%81-%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E5%B8%83%E5%B1%80-%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E7%91%9E%E7%8D%B8-%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E5%B8%AB-%E9%A2%A8%E6%B0%B4%E8%AA%B2%E7%A8%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hokming.com%2Ffengshuimaster-legendmaster-kksck.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Feng_shui" title="Feng shui">Feng shui</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-blog.sina.com.cn-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-blog.sina.com.cn_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-blog.sina.com.cn_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_d4f3357d01019v0a.html"><bdi lang="zh">城市风水故事——郭璞与温州风水_万福国学院_新浪博客</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="/wiki/Sina_Weibo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sina Weibo">Sina Weibo</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518050727/http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_d4f3357d01019v0a.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E9%A3%8E%E6%B0%B4%E6%95%85%E4%BA%8B%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E9%83%AD%E7%92%9E%E4%B8%8E%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E9%A3%8E%E6%B0%B4_%E4%B8%87%E7%A6%8F%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2_%E6%96%B0%E6%B5%AA%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2&rft.pub=Sina+Weibo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.sina.com.cn%2Fs%2Fblog_d4f3357d01019v0a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fengshuigate.com/zangshu.html">"The Zangshu, or Book of Burial, translated by Stephen L Field, Phd"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161004170956/http://fengshuigate.com/zangshu.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Zangshu%2C+or+Book+of+Burial%2C+translated+by+Stephen+L+Field%2C+Phd.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffengshuigate.com%2Fzangshu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.hist.pku.edu.cn/person/dengxiaonan/tongshi_2/TD06/cankao/fangla.htm">http://www.hist.pku.edu.cn/person/dengxiaonan/tongshi_2/TD06/cankao/fangla.htm</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zxyfs.com/html/fsxz/1135.htm">"NameBright - Domain Expired" <bdi lang="zh">郭璞為溫州佈局</bdi></a> (in Traditional Chinese). zxyfs.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141018202647/http://www.zxyfs.com/html/fsxz/1135.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NameBright+-+Domain+Expired+%E9%83%AD%E7%92%9E%E7%82%BA%E6%BA%AB%E5%B7%9E%E4%BD%88%E5%B1%80&rft.pub=zxyfs.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zxyfs.com%2Fhtml%2Ffsxz%2F1135.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF网易2018" class="citation web cs1">网易 (8 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.163.com/dy/article/E2HHPSS305444WQP.html">"这两天根本不算冷看看全国各大城市历史极端最低温度是几度？"</a>. <i>www.163.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.163.com&rft.atitle=%E8%BF%99%E4%B8%A4%E5%A4%A9%E6%A0%B9%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%8D%E7%AE%97%E5%86%B7+%E7%9C%8B%E7%9C%8B%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%9E%81%E7%AB%AF%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%8E%E6%B8%A9%E5%BA%A6%E6%98%AF%E5%87%A0%E5%BA%A6%EF%BC%9F&rft.date=2018-12-08&rft.au=%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.163.com%2Fdy%2Farticle%2FE2HHPSS305444WQP.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cma_graphical-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cma_graphical_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html"><bdi lang="zh">中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="/wiki/China_Meteorological_Administration" title="China Meteorological Administration">China Meteorological Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BD%91+%E2%80%93+WeatherBk+Data&rft.pub=China+Meteorological+Administration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.cma.cn%2Fdata%2FweatherBk.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps">"Experience Template" <bdi lang="zh">中国气象数据网</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="/wiki/China_Meteorological_Administration" title="China Meteorological Administration">China Meteorological Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Experience+Template+%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BD%91&rft.pub=China+Meteorological+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexperience.arcgis.com%2Ftemplate%2Fe724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55%2Fpage%2F%25E7%25BA%25AF%25E8%25A1%25A8%25E6%25A0%25BC%25E7%25BB%259F%25E8%25AE%25A1-%28%25E5%25AF%25B9%25E6%25AF%25948110%25E5%258F%2598%25E5%258C%2596%29%2F%3Forg%3DUQmaps&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CMA-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CMA_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131016192548/http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3"><bdi lang="zh">中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="/wiki/China_Meteorological_Administration" title="China Meteorological Administration">China Meteorological Administration</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3">the original</a> on 16 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zjsairport.com/news/detail/html/113.html">the original</a> on 17 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BAT2%E8%88%AA%E7%AB%99%E6%A5%BC%E5%90%AF%E7%94%A8+-+%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83+-+%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BAT2%E8%88%AA%E7%AB%99%E6%A5%BC%E5%90%AF%E7%94%A8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zjsairport.com%2Fnews%2Fdetail%2Fhtml%2F113.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231104915/http://www.jwr.cn/">"浙江金温铁道开发有限公司"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jwr.cn/">the original</a> on 31 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E9%87%91%E6%B8%A9%E9%93%81%E9%81%93%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jwr.cn%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whatsonxiamen.com/news8728.html">Xiamen-Shenzhen Railway to open by end of next year</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091201213941/http://www.whatsonxiamen.com/news8728.html">Archived</a> 1 December 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Whatsonxiamen.com. Retrieved 2011-08-28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151225141158/http://szcb.zjol.com.cn/news/234978.html"><bdi lang="zh">金温铁路12月26日开通运营现已开始售票</bdi></a>. <bdi lang="zh">浙江新闻</bdi> [<i>Zhejiang News</i>] (in Simplified Chinese). 25 December 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://szcb.zjol.com.cn/news/234978.html">the original</a> on 25 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E9%87%91%E6%B8%A9%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF12%E6%9C%8826%E6%97%A5%E5%BC%80%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%90%E8%90%A5+%E7%8E%B0%E5%B7%B2%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B%E5%94%AE%E7%A5%A8&rft.date=2015-12-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fszcb.zjol.com.cn%2Fnews%2F234978.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zj.zjol.com.cn/news/1218039.html">"永嘉学派"义利并举"思想对新时代温州经济社会发展的启示"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B0%B8%E5%98%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE%22%E4%B9%89%E5%88%A9%E5%B9%B6%E4%B8%BE%22%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3+%E5%AF%B9%E6%96%B0%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%9A%84%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzj.zjol.com.cn%2Fnews%2F1218039.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wzsk.gov.cn-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wzsk.gov.cn_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wzsk.gov.cn_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wzsk.gov.cn_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wzsk.gov.cn/system/2017/06/29/012803023.shtml">"温州市叶适与永嘉学派研究会--温州社科网"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E5%8F%B6%E9%80%82%E4%B8%8E%E6%B0%B8%E5%98%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%BC%9A--%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E7%A4%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%BD%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wzsk.gov.cn%2Fsystem%2F2017%2F06%2F29%2F012803023.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yjnet.cn-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yjnet.cn_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yjnet.cn_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yjnet.cn_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yjnet.cn/system/2010/03/04/010186633.shtml">"第三节永嘉学派的发祥地 - 永嘉网"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E8%8A%82+%E6%B0%B8%E5%98%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E7%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0+-+%E6%B0%B8%E5%98%89%E7%BD%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yjnet.cn%2Fsystem%2F2010%2F03%2F04%2F010186633.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530005458/http://big5.news.cn/gate/big5/www.zj.xinhuanet.com/wuopera/2006-09/14/content_8041946.htm"><bdi lang="zh">南戲的活化石：婺劇高腔</bdi></a>. <bdi lang="zh">中國婺劇網</bdi> (in Traditional Chinese). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://big5.news.cn/gate/big5/www.zj.xinhuanet.com/wuopera/2006-09/14/content_8041946.htm">the original</a> on 30 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wznx.cn/fyl/files/温州戏曲史话/温州南戏的研究.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%BA%AB%E5%B7%9E%E5%8D%97%E6%88%B2%EF%BC%9A%E4%BD%B0%E6%88%B2%E4%B9%8B%E7%A5%96&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsns.91ddcc.com%2Ft%2F51142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-big5.news.cn-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-big5.news.cn_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-big5.news.cn_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530005458/http://big5.news.cn/gate/big5/www.zj.xinhuanet.com/wuopera/2006-09/14/content_8041946.htm">"南戲的活化石：婺劇高腔"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://big5.news.cn/gate/big5/www.zj.xinhuanet.com/wuopera/2006-09/14/content_8041946.htm">the original</a> on 30 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%8D%97%E6%88%B2%E7%9A%84%E6%B4%BB%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%B3%EF%BC%9A%E5%A9%BA%E5%8A%87%E9%AB%98%E8%85%94&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbig5.news.cn%2Fgate%2Fbig5%2Fwww.zj.xinhuanet.com%2Fwuopera%2F2006-09%2F14%2Fcontent_8041946.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cctv.com/opera/special/C12446/20040618/100428.shtml"><bdi lang="zh">《南曲戏文八百年》之三</bdi></a>. <i>cctv.com Opera</i> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="/wiki/China_Central_Television" title="China Central Television">CCTV</a> Opera. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530005010/http://www.cctv.com/opera/special/C12446/20040618/100428.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 30 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cctv.com+Opera&rft.atitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%9B%B2%E6%88%8F%E6%96%87%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8B%E4%B9%8B%E4%B8%89&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cctv.com%2Fopera%2Fspecial%2FC12446%2F20040618%2F100428.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082908/http://www.0086577.cn/html/wzgc/2012-11/8/15_46_36_495.html"><bdi lang="zh">南戏八百年之二</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). World of Wenzhounese. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.0086577.cn/html/wzgc/2012-11/8/15_46_36_495.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%8D%97%E6%88%8F%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%8C&rft.pub=World+of+Wenzhounese&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.0086577.cn%2Fhtml%2Fwzgc%2F2012-11%2F8%2F15_46_36_495.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zjcnt.com/publish/content.php/65791"><bdi lang="zh">京剧人物画家施昌秀今年"转行" 南戏系列演绎"中国戏剧祖宗"</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). Zhejiang Culture Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%BA%AC%E5%89%A7%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6%E6%96%BD%E6%98%8C%E7%A7%80%E4%BB%8A%E5%B9%B4%22%E8%BD%AC%E8%A1%8C%22+%E5%8D%97%E6%88%8F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%BC%94%E7%BB%8E%22%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%8F%E5%89%A7%E7%A5%96%E5%AE%97%22&rft.pub=Zhejiang+Culture+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zjcnt.com%2Fpublish%2Fcontent.php%2F65791&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKong1976" class="citation book cs1">Kong, Shangren (1 January 1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b7EkXzmpwF4C"><i>T'ao-hua-shan</i></a>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520029286" title="Special:BookSources/9780520029286"><bdi>9780520029286</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=T%27ao-hua-shan&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1976-01-01&rft.isbn=9780520029286&rft.aulast=Kong&rft.aufirst=Shangren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db7EkXzmpwF4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlletonLackner1999" class="citation book cs1">Alleton, Viviane; Lackner, Michael (1 January 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E2fQI6NDKwQC"><i>De L' Un Au Multiple. Traduction Du Chinois Vers Les Langues Européennes/Translation from Chinese into European Languages</i></a>. Les Editions de la MSH. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782735107681" title="Special:BookSources/9782735107681"><bdi>9782735107681</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+L%27+Un+Au+Multiple.+Traduction+Du+Chinois+Vers+Les+Langues+Europ%C3%A9ennes%2FTranslation+from+Chinese+into+European+Languages.&rft.pub=Les+Editions+de+la+MSH&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.isbn=9782735107681&rft.aulast=Alleton&rft.aufirst=Viviane&rft.au=Lackner%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE2fQI6NDKwQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tale_of_the_Pipa" title="Tale of the Pipa">Tale of the Pipa</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Das traditionelle chinesische Theater</i>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4RMRstcYDNEC&dq=A.+P.+L.+Bazin+Pi-Pa-Ji&pg=PA293">293</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHochman1984" class="citation book cs1">Hochman, Stanley (1 January 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WOAHl9i-n0EC&pg=PA235"><i>McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama: An International Reference Work in 5 Volumes</i></a>. VNR AG. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780070791695" title="Special:BookSources/9780070791695"><bdi>9780070791695</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170215102045/https://books.google.com/books?id=WOAHl9i-n0EC&pg=PA235">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=McGraw-Hill+Encyclopedia+of+World+Drama%3A+An+International+Reference+Work+in+5+Volumes&rft.pub=VNR+AG&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.isbn=9780070791695&rft.aulast=Hochman&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWOAHl9i-n0EC%26pg%3DPA235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehousehistory.org/history/white-house-first-ladies/first-lady-nancy-reagan.html">"Nancy Reagan"</a>. <i>White House history</i>. The White House Historical Association. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150531143817/http://www.whitehousehistory.org/history/white-house-first-ladies/first-lady-nancy-reagan.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=White+House+history&rft.atitle=Nancy+Reagan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehousehistory.org%2Fhistory%2Fwhite-house-first-ladies%2Ffirst-lady-nancy-reagan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoizeau2003" class="citation book cs1">Loizeau, Pierre-Marie (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RHqVKc6l4joC&q=nancy+reagan+lute+song&pg=PA26"><i>Nancy Reagan : the woman behind the man</i></a>. New York: Nova History Publications. p. 26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59033-759-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-59033-759-X"><bdi>1-59033-759-X</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nancy+Reagan+%3A+the+woman+behind+the+man&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Nova+History+Publications&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-59033-759-X&rft.aulast=Loizeau&rft.aufirst=Pierre-Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRHqVKc6l4joC%26q%3Dnancy%2Breagan%2Blute%2Bsong%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reagan, Nancy (1989), p. 85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrassberg1981" class="citation journal cs1">Strassberg, Richard (1981). "Review The Lute: Kao Ming's P'i-p'a chi by Jean Mulligan". <i>Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies</i>. <b>41</b> (2): 695–697. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2719067">10.2307/2719067</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2719067">2719067</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Journal+of+Asiatic+Studies&rft.atitle=Review+The+Lute%3A+Kao+Ming%27s+P%27i-p%27a+chi+by+Jean+Mulligan&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=695-697&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2719067&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2719067%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Strassberg&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF鄭" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">鄭, 培凱. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/supplement/apple/art/20130908/18413361"><bdi lang="zh">所謂四大聲腔</bdi></a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Apple_Daily" title="Apple Daily">Apple Daily</a></i> (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151126184144/http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/supplement/apple/art/20130908/18413361">Archived</a> from the original on 26 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apple+Daily&rft.atitle=%E6%89%80%E8%AC%82%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E8%81%B2%E8%85%94&rft.aulast=%E9%84%AD&rft.aufirst=%E5%9F%B9%E5%87%B1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhk.apple.nextmedia.com%2Fsupplement%2Fapple%2Fart%2F20130908%2F18413361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&pg=00011&RL=00004">"Kun Qu Opera"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150801100243/http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&pg=00011&RL=00004">Archived</a> 1 August 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. UNESCO Cultural Sector – Intangible Heritage.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.networkchinese.com/region/china/wesm.html"><bdi lang="zh">浙江温州成"数字家之乡"</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). A Global Network for Chinese Professionals. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063332/http://www.networkchinese.com/region/china/wesm.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E6%88%90%22%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%AE%B6%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%A1%22&rft.pub=A+Global+Network+for+Chinese+Professionals&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.networkchinese.com%2Fregion%2Fchina%2Fwesm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.china-maths.com/shuxue/news/650.htm"><bdi lang="zh">温州得开风气之先 "数学家摇篮"名副其实</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). china-maths.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141113100203/http://www.china-maths.com/shuxue/news/650.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E5%BE%97%E5%BC%80%E9%A3%8E%E6%B0%94%E4%B9%8B%E5%85%88+%22%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6%E6%91%87%E7%AF%AE%22%E5%90%8D%E5%89%AF%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%9E&rft.pub=china-maths.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.china-maths.com%2Fshuxue%2Fnews%2F650.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530003847/http://www.kexuemag.com/Article/ShowInfo.asp?InfoID=13191"><bdi lang="zh">解读温州数学家群体的科学文化意义</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). 科學社. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kexuemag.com/Article/ShowInfo.asp?InfoID=13191">the original</a> on 30 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2002-08/21/content_532437.htm">the original</a> on 21 March 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B8%A9%E7%B1%8D%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6%E5%8D%81%E9%99%A2%E5%A3%AB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimage.sciencenet.cn%2Folddata%2Fkexue.com.cn%2Fupload%2Fblog%2Ffile%2F2009%2F10%2F20091011132250253316.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.math.sinica.edu.tw/www/about/history20_e.jsp">"Brief History, Inst. Math. Academia Sinica"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brief+History%2C+Inst.+Math.+Academia+Sinica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.math.sinica.edu.tw%2Fwww%2Fabout%2Fhistory20_e.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-old.cim.nankai.edu.cn-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-old.cim.nankai.edu.cn_75-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-old.cim.nankai.edu.cn_75-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://old.cim.nankai.edu.cn/mtbaodao/MTnim/wzrb031217.htm">http://old.cim.nankai.edu.cn/mtbaodao/MTnim/wzrb031217.htm</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cmsold.cms.org.cn/zl/chen/20110211-24.htm">"国际数学大师陈省身：叶落归根不离南开"</a>. <i>cmsold.cms.org.cn</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cmsold.cms.org.cn&rft.atitle=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%88%E9%99%88%E7%9C%81%E8%BA%AB%EF%BC%9A%E5%8F%B6%E8%90%BD%E5%BD%92%E6%A0%B9%E4%B8%8D%E7%A6%BB%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcmsold.cms.org.cn%2Fzl%2Fchen%2F20110211-24.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720045055/http://my.nthu.edu.tw/~secretar2/pub/147/5/1.pdf">"淺談前校長徐賢修先生"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://my.nthu.edu.tw/~secretar2/pub/147/5/1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 20 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B7%BA%E8%AB%87%E5%89%8D%E6%A0%A1%E9%95%B7%E5%BE%90%E8%B3%A2%E4%BF%AE%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmy.nthu.edu.tw%2F~secretar2%2Fpub%2F147%2F5%2F1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-清華大學數學系-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-清華大學數學系_78-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-清華大學數學系_78-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-清華大學數學系_78-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.math.nthu.edu.tw/about/riki.php?id=許賢修教授&CID=1"><bdi lang="zh">人物記事／徐賢修教授</bdi></a> (in Traditional Chinese). <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160317085626/http://www.math.nthu.edu.tw/about/riki.php?CID=1&id=%E8%A8%B1%E8%B3%A2%E4%BF%AE%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B%EF%BC%8F%E5%BE%90%E8%B3%A2%E4%BF%AE%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88&rft.pub=National+Tsing+Hua+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.math.nthu.edu.tw%2Fabout%2Friki.php%3Fid%3D%E8%A8%B1%E8%B3%A2%E4%BF%AE%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88%26CID%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-纪念数学家徐贤修百年诞辰-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-纪念数学家徐贤修百年诞辰_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-纪念数学家徐贤修百年诞辰_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXuFu2012" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Xu, Yilong (徐逸龙); Fu, Zong (傅宗) (3 September 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150603220349/http://www.wenzhou.gov.cn/art/2012/9/3/art_9832_234241.html"><bdi lang="zh">纪念数学家徐贤修百年诞辰</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). Wenzhou People's government. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wenzhou.gov.cn/art/2012/9/3/art_9832_234241.html">the original</a> on 3 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6%E5%BE%90%E8%B4%A4%E4%BF%AE%E7%99%BE%E5%B9%B4%E8%AF%9E%E8%BE%B0&rft.pub=Wenzhou+People%27s+government&rft.date=2012-09-03&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Yilong+%28%E5%BE%90%E9%80%B8%E9%BE%99%29&rft.au=Fu%2C+Zong+%28%E5%82%85%E5%AE%97%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wenzhou.gov.cn%2Fart%2F2012%2F9%2F3%2Fart_9832_234241.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學_80-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學_80-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-淺談前校長徐賢修先生_-_國立清華大學_80-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhang" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zhang, Zhongwei (張仲瑋). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://my.nthu.edu.tw/~secretar2/pub/147/5/1.pdf">"淺談前校長徐賢修先生" <bdi lang="zh">淺談前校長徐賢修先生 – 國立清華大學</bdi></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Traditional Chinese). <a href="/wiki/National_Tsing_Hua_University" title="National Tsing Hua University">National Tsing Hua University</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180516204009/http://my.nthu.edu.tw/~secretar2/pub/147/5/1.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 16 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B7%BA%E8%AB%87%E5%89%8D%E6%A0%A1%E9%95%B7%E5%BE%90%E8%B3%A2%E4%BF%AE%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F+%E6%B7%BA%E8%AB%87%E5%89%8D%E6%A0%A1%E9%95%B7%E5%BE%90%E8%B3%A2%E4%BF%AE%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F+%E2%80%93+%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E6%B8%85%E8%8F%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8&rft.pub=National+Tsing+Hua+University&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Zhongwei+%28%E5%BC%B5%E4%BB%B2%E7%91%8B%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmy.nthu.edu.tw%2F~secretar2%2Fpub%2F147%2F5%2F1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sohu.com/a/419856676_495631">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"棋城"温州迎来25岁生日！这些全国第一铸就"国象之魂"_中国棋院"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sohu" title="Sohu">Sohu</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sohu&rft.atitle=%22%E6%A3%8B%E5%9F%8E%22%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E8%BF%8E%E6%9D%A525%E5%B2%81%E7%94%9F%E6%97%A5%EF%BC%81%E8%BF%99%E4%BA%9B%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E9%93%B8%E5%B0%B1%22%E5%9B%BD%E8%B1%A1%E4%B9%8B%E9%AD%82%22_%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%A3%8B%E9%99%A2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sohu.com%2Fa%2F419856676_495631&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dy.163.com-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dy.163.com_82-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dy.163.com_82-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dy.163.com/article/FN4JTCR1053720YN.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"棋城"温州的这些"全国第一"，你都知道吗？"</a>. 22 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22%E6%A3%8B%E5%9F%8E%22%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%99%E4%BA%9B%22%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%22%EF%BC%8C%E4%BD%A0%E9%83%BD%E7%9F%A5%E9%81%93%E5%90%97%EF%BC%9F&rft.date=2020-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdy.163.com%2Farticle%2FFN4JTCR1053720YN.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.66wz.com/system/2015/07/24/104520160.shtml">"二十年，棋城铸棋魂"</a>. <i>news.66wz.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.66wz.com&rft.atitle=%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8C%E6%A3%8B%E5%9F%8E%E9%93%B8%E6%A3%8B%E9%AD%82&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.66wz.com%2Fsystem%2F2015%2F07%2F24%2F104520160.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Zhu-Chen">"Zhu Chen | Women's World Champion, Grandmaster, Chinese National Team | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>. 12 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Zhu+Chen+%26%23124%3B+Women%27s+World+Champion%2C+Grandmaster%2C+Chinese+National+Team+%26%23124%3B+Britannica&rft.date=2024-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FZhu-Chen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thechessdrum.net/newsbriefs/2002/NB_Dubai2002.html">"In the Unofficial Championship, Zhu eliminates Ponomariov!!"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+the+Unofficial+Championship%2C+Zhu+eliminates+Ponomariov%21%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thechessdrum.net%2Fnewsbriefs%2F2002%2FNB_Dubai2002.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ratings.fide.com/profile/8600546">"Zhu, Chen"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zhu%2C+Chen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fratings.fide.com%2Fprofile%2F8600546&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ratings.fide.com/fide_directory.phtml?content=42">"FIDE Management Board FIDE Directory"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FIDE+Management+Board+FIDE+Directory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fratings.fide.com%2Ffide_directory.phtml%3Fcontent%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.163.com/14/0517/12/9SEQN8RN00014AEE.html"><bdi lang="zh">网友总结最难懂方言:温州话让敌军窃听也听不懂_网易新闻中心</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="/wiki/163.com" class="mw-redirect" title="163.com">163</a> News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151006090820/http://news.163.com/14/0517/12/9SEQN8RN00014AEE.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%BD%91%E5%8F%8B%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93%E6%9C%80%E9%9A%BE%E6%87%82%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80%3A%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E8%AF%9D%E8%AE%A9%E6%95%8C%E5%86%9B%E7%AA%83%E5%90%AC%E4%B9%9F%E5%90%AC%E4%B8%8D%E6%87%82_%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&rft.pub=163+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.163.com%2F14%2F0517%2F12%2F9SEQN8RN00014AEE.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some believe that the code used during the Sino-Vietnamese War was not Wenzhounese, but the dialect from <a href="/wiki/Cangnan_County" title="Cangnan County">Cangnan County</a> (then part of <a href="/wiki/Pingyang_County" title="Pingyang County">Pingyang County</a>). See <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cngdj.net/msql/show1.php?bt=%B7%C3%BD%F1%D1%B0%B9%C5%D6%AE%C8%FD%A3%BA%C6%CB%CB%B7%C3%D4%C0%EB%CB%B5%C2%F9%BB%B0&lb=%B1%BE%B5%D8%D0%C2%CE%C5"><bdi lang="zh">访今寻古之三：扑朔迷离说蛮话</bdi></a>. <bdi lang="zh">苍南广电网</bdi> (in Simplified Chinese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E8%AE%BF%E4%BB%8A%E5%AF%BB%E5%8F%A4%E4%B9%8B%E4%B8%89%EF%BC%9A%E6%89%91%E6%9C%94%E8%BF%B7%E7%A6%BB%E8%AF%B4%E8%9B%AE%E8%AF%9D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cngdj.net%2Fmsql%2Fshow1.php%3Fbt%3D%25B7%25C3%25BD%25F1%25D1%25B0%25B9%25C5%25D6%25AE%25C8%25FD%25A3%25BA%25C6%25CB%25CB%25B7%25C3%25D4%25C0%25EB%25CB%25B5%25C2%25F9%25BB%25B0%26lb%3D%25B1%25BE%25B5%25D8%25D0%25C2%25CE%25C5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nanlai_Cao_2010-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nanlai_Cao_2010_90-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nanlai_Cao_2010_90-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nanlai Cao. <i>Constructing China's Jerusalem: Christians, Power and Place in the City of Wenzhou</i>. Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2010, 232 pp., Chapter One</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fewsmith-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fewsmith_91-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fewsmith_91-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Joseph Fewsmith. <i>The Logic and Limits of Political Reform in China</i>. p. 111</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-China-Zentrum_2015-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-China-Zentrum_2015_92-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-China-Zentrum_2015_92-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Katharina Wenzel-Teuber, Katharina Feith. <i>News Update on Religion and the Church in China</i>. On: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://p30969.typo3server.info/fileadmin/redaktion/RCTC_2015-2_Complete_Issue.pdf">Religions & Christianity in Today's China</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150721170834/http://p30969.typo3server.info/fileadmin/redaktion/RCTC_2015-2_Complete_Issue.pdf">Archived</a> 21 July 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, Vol. V, 2015, No. 2. China-Zentrum. p. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930120019/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/printout/0,8816,1229123,00.html">"The War For China's Soul"</a>. <i>Time</i>. 20 August 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/printout/0,8816,1229123,00.html">the original</a> on 30 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+War+For+China%27s+Soul&rft.date=2006-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Fprintout%2F0%2C8816%2C1229123%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1557358/christianity-wenzhou-rose-humble-beginnings-one-million-adherents">Christianity in Wenzhou rose from humble beginnings to one million adherents</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140723141655/http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1557358/christianity-wenzhou-rose-humble-beginnings-one-million-adherents">Archived</a> 23 July 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, South China Morning Post</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_McKenzieSteven_Jiang2014" class="citation web cs1">David McKenzie; Steven Jiang (16 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/09/15/world/asia/china-christians-church/index.html">"China: Christians scramble to save churches, crosses"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161021024101/http://www.cnn.com/2014/09/15/world/asia/china-christians-church/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China%3A+Christians+scramble+to+save+churches%2C+crosses&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2014-09-16&rft.au=David+McKenzie&rft.au=Steven+Jiang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2014%2F09%2F15%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fchina-christians-church%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.firstthings.com/article/2016/08/chinas-christian-future">"China's Christian Future – Yu Jie"</a>. August 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160920180838/https://www.firstthings.com/article/2016/08/chinas-christian-future">Archived</a> from the original on 20 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China%27s+Christian+Future+%E2%80%93+Yu+Jie&rft.date=2016-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.firstthings.com%2Farticle%2F2016%2F08%2Fchinas-christian-future&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLi2014" class="citation web cs1">Li, Zoe (May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/05/01/world/asia/china-church-demolished/index.html">"China denies persecution of Christians"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161122004621/http://www.cnn.com/2014/05/01/world/asia/china-church-demolished/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China+denies+persecution+of+Christians&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2014-05&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Zoe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2014%2F05%2F01%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fchina-church-demolished%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/30/world/asia/church-state-clash-in-china-coalesces-around-a-toppled-spire.html">"Church-State Clash in China Coalesces Around a Toppled Spire"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 30 May 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160730090102/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/30/world/asia/church-state-clash-in-china-coalesces-around-a-toppled-spire.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Church-State+Clash+in+China+Coalesces+Around+a+Toppled+Spire&rft.date=2014-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F05%2F30%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fchurch-state-clash-in-china-coalesces-around-a-toppled-spire.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foxnews.com/world/china-jails-christian-pastor-for-protesting-cross-removal/">"China jails Christian pastor for protesting cross removal – Fox News"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>. 26 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924191152/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/03/26/chinese-pastor-jailed-for-protesting-cross-removal-by-province-government/?intcmp=latestnews">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China+jails+Christian+pastor+for+protesting+cross+removal+%E2%80%93+Fox+News&rft.pub=Fox+News&rft.date=2015-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fworld%2Fchina-jails-christian-pastor-for-protesting-cross-removal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"> <bdi lang="zh">普通话水平测试实施纲要</bdi> [<i>Putonghua Proficiency Test</i>] (in Simplified Chinese). Beijing: <a href="/wiki/Commercial_Press" title="Commercial Press">Commercial Press</a>. 2004. pp. 382–383. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/7-100-03996-7" title="Special:BookSources/7-100-03996-7"><bdi>7-100-03996-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E8%AF%9D%E6%B0%B4%E5%B9%B3%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%AE%9E%E6%96%BD%E7%BA%B2%E8%A6%81&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pages=382-383&rft.pub=Commercial+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=7-100-03996-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zhu_Zi-qing-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zhu_Zi-qing_101-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhu2014" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Ziqing" title="Zhu Ziqing">Zhu, Ziqing</a> (2014). <bdi lang="zh">朱自清散文</bdi> (in Chinese). 浙江文艺出版社 [Zhejiang Arts Press]. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9787533935993" title="Special:BookSources/9787533935993"><bdi>9787533935993</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E6%9C%B1%E8%87%AA%E6%B8%85%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87&rft.pub=%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE+%5BZhejiang+Arts+Press%5D&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9787533935993&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Ziqing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-green-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-green_102-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180427183824/http://www.ouhai.gov.cn/art/2014/12/3/art_1412645_13677317.html"><bdi lang="zh">电视文学艺术片《绿》在仙岩梅雨潭景区开机</bdi></a> [TV Literary Art Documentary 'Green' starts filming in Xianyan's Meiyutan Scenic Area] (in Simplified Chinese). Ouhai District People's Government. 3 December 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ouhai.gov.cn/art/2014/12/3/art_1412645_13677317.html">the original</a> on 27 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2018</span>. <q><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">1923年朱自清先生来温州执教，同年先后两次来到仙岩梅雨潭景区，被仙岩浓厚的人文气息和那醉人的女儿绿深深吸引，于是就写下了脍炙人口的美文名篇《绿》。</span></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E7%89%87%E3%80%8A%E7%BB%BF%E3%80%8B%E5%9C%A8%E4%BB%99%E5%B2%A9%E6%A2%85%E9%9B%A8%E6%BD%AD%E6%99%AF%E5%8C%BA%E5%BC%80%E6%9C%BA&rft.pub=Ouhai+District+People%27s+Government&rft.date=2014-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ouhai.gov.cn%2Fart%2F2014%2F12%2F3%2Fart_1412645_13677317.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131013211018/http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_travel/2003-09/24/content_34104.htm">"Rivers of Natural Scenery"</a>. <i>chinaculture.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_travel/2003-09/24/content_34104.htm">the original</a> on 13 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chinaculture.org&rft.atitle=Rivers+of+Natural+Scenery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinaculture.org%2Fgb%2Fen_travel%2F2003-09%2F24%2Fcontent_34104.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nanxi_River-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nanxi_River_104-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCentre" class="citation web cs1">Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1629/">"Nanxi River – UNESCO World Heritage Centre"</a>. UNESCO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180716133100/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1629/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nanxi+River+%E2%80%93+UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft.aulast=Centre&rft.aufirst=UNESCO+World+Heritage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Ftentativelists%2F1629%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140916034440/http://wz.people.com.cn/n/2014/0103/c140246-20292423.html">"南戏博物馆：戏曲故里寻声腔遗韵--温州频道--人民网"</a>. <i>People's Daily</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wz.people.com.cn/n/2014/0103/c140246-20292423.html">the original</a> on 16 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wenzhouese+Community+in+New+York+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconnection.ebscohost.com%2Fc%2Farticles%2F15420614%2Fwenzhouese-community-new-york-city&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreelibrary.com/The%20Wenzhouese%20community%20in%20New%20York%20City.-a0113304619">"The Wenzhouese community in New York City. – Free Online Library"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160913060952/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/The%20Wenzhouese%20community%20in%20New%20York%20City.-a0113304619">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wenzhouese+community+in+New+York+City.+%E2%80%93+Free+Online+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FThe%2520Wenzhouese%2520community%2520in%2520New%2520York%2520City.-a0113304619&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://himmarklai.org/digitized-articles/2001-2005/doc102212-003/">"The Wenzhouese Community in New York City"</a>. 31 October 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161123225810/http://himmarklai.org/digitized-articles/2001-2005/doc102212-003">Archived</a> from the original on 23 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wenzhouese+Community+in+New+York+City&rft.date=2012-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhimmarklai.org%2Fdigitized-articles%2F2001-2005%2Fdoc102212-003%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historychina.net/qsyj/ztyj/ztyjzz/2006-01-10/24292.shtml">"中华文史网"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B2%E7%BD%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historychina.net%2Fqsyj%2Fztyj%2Fztyjzz%2F2006-01-10%2F24292.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWenzhou" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.hktdc.com/mktprof/china/wenzhou.htm">Economic profile for Wenzhou</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Trade_Development_Council" title="Hong Kong Trade Development Council">HKTDC</a></li> <li>Nanlai Cao, Constructing China's Jerusalem: Christians, Power and Place in the City of Wenzhou, Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2010, 232 pp.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wenzhou" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Wenzhou">Wenzhou</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wenzhou" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Wenzhou">Wenzhou</a></b></i>, <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wenchow" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Wenchow">Wenchow</a></b></i>, <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wen-chou" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Wen-chou">Wen-chou</a></b></i>, or <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wen-Chou" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Wen-Chou">Wen-Chou</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wenzhou#Q42635" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Wenzhou">Wenzhou</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wenzhou.gov.cn">Government website of Wenzhou</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080914101850/http://www.wenzhou.gov.cn/">Archived</a> 14 September 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Chinese)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.wenzhou.gov.cn/">Government website of Wenzhou</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wzwqb.gov.cn/">Wenzhou Municipal Office for Foreign & Overseas Chinese Affairs</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071211202143/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0706/feature4/index.html">China, China's Boomtowns – National Geographic Magazine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/china_city_plans/txu-oclc-6567068.jpg">US Army Service Map of Wenzhou from 1945</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessspectator.com.au/bs.nsf/Article/China-speculation-manufacturing-real-estate-bubble-pd20111018-MR2FU?OpenDocument&emcontent_spectators">Manufacturing a China crisis – stratfor.com, reprinted by Business Spectator</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Zhejiang_topics" title="Template:Zhejiang topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Zhejiang_topics" title="Template talk:Zhejiang topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Zhejiang_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Zhejiang topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Zhejiang_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_and_former_capitals_of_subdivisions_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current and former capitals of subdivisions of China">capital</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Zhejiang" title="Category:Zhejiang">General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang#History" title="Zhejiang">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Zhejiang" title="Politics of Zhejiang">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang#Economy" title="Zhejiang">Economy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Zhejiang" title="Category:Geography of Zhejiang">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_China#Zhejiang" title="List of cities in China">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangmaojian" title="Huangmaojian">Huangmaojian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Mogan" title="Mount Mogan">Mount Mogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiantai_Mountain" title="Tiantai Mountain">Tiantai Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River_Delta" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River Delta">Yangtze River Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Canal_(China)" title="Grand Canal (China)">Grand Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiantang_River" title="Qiantang River">Qiantang River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ou_River_(Zhejiang)" title="Ou River (Zhejiang)">Ou River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoushan_Island" title="Zhoushan Island">Zhoushan Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou_Bay" title="Hangzhou Bay">Hangzhou Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Education_in_Zhejiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Education in Zhejiang (page does not exist)">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_First-Class_Construction" title="Double First-Class Construction">Double First-Class</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_University" title="Zhejiang University">Zhejiang University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningbo_University" title="Ningbo University">Ningbo University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Academy_of_Art" title="China Academy of Art">China Academy of Art</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Zhejiang" title="List of universities and colleges in Zhejiang">List of universities and colleges in Zhejiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang#Culture" title="Zhejiang">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wuyue_culture" title="Wuyue culture">Wuyue culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Wu Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taihu_Wu" title="Taihu Wu">Taihu Wu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou_dialect" title="Hangzhou dialect">Hangzhou dialect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningbo_dialect" title="Ningbo dialect">Ningbo dialect</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhou dialect</a> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Rui%27an_dialect" title="Rui'an dialect">Rui'an dialect</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinhua_dialect" title="Jinhua dialect">Jinhua dialect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quzhou_dialect" title="Quzhou dialect">Quzhou dialect</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhenan_Min" title="Zhenan Min">Zhenan Min</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yue_opera" title="Yue opera">Yue opera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_cuisine" title="Zhejiang cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longjing_tea" title="Longjing tea">Longjing tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoxing_wine" title="Shaoxing wine">Shaoxing wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Visitor attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baoguo_Temple_(Zhejiang)" title="Baoguo Temple (Zhejiang)">Baoguo Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guoqing_Temple" title="Guoqing Temple">Guoqing Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Putuo" title="Mount Putuo">Mount Putuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruyi_Bridge" title="Ruyi Bridge">Ruyi Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiantai_Mountain" title="Tiantai Mountain">Mount Tiantai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiandao_Lake" title="Qiandao Lake">Qiandao Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_the_Great" title="Yu the Great">Tomb of Yu the Great</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Zhejiang" title="Category:Zhejiang">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zhejiang" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Zhejiang">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County-level_divisions_of_Zhejiang_Province" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Zhejiang" title="Template:Zhejiang"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Zhejiang" title="Template talk:Zhejiang"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Zhejiang" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Zhejiang"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County-level_divisions_of_Zhejiang_Province" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_Zhejiang" title="List of administrative divisions of Zhejiang">County-level divisions</a> of <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a> <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">Province</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_the_current_and_former_capitals_of_the_subdivisions_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of the current and former capitals of the subdivisions of China">capital</a>)</small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_division" title="Sub-provincial division">Sub-provincial<br />cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gongshu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Gongshu District">Gongshu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangcheng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shangcheng District">Shangcheng District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiantang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Qiantang District">Qiantang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xihu_District,_Hangzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Xihu District, Hangzhou">Xihu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binjiang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Binjiang District">Binjiang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuhang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuhang District">Yuhang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linping_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Linping District">Linping District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaoshan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiaoshan District">Xiaoshan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuyang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuyang District">Fuyang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin%27an_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Lin'an District">Lin'an District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiande" title="Jiande">Jiande</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonglu_County" title="Tonglu County">Tonglu County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chun%27an_County" title="Chun'an County">Chun'an County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haishu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Haishu District">Haishu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangbei_District,_Ningbo" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiangbei District, Ningbo">Jiangbei District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beilun_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Beilun District">Beilun District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhenhai_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhenhai District">Zhenhai District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yinzhou_District,_Ningbo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yinzhou District, Ningbo">Yinzhou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenghua_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Fenghua District">Fenghua District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cixi,_Zhejiang" title="Cixi, Zhejiang">Cixi</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuyao" title="Yuyao">Yuyao</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninghai_County" title="Ninghai County">Ninghai County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangshan_County,_Zhejiang" title="Xiangshan County, Zhejiang">Xiangshan County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">Prefecture-level<br />cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wenzhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lucheng_District,_Wenzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucheng District, Wenzhou">Lucheng District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longwan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Longwan District">Longwan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouhai_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouhai District">Ouhai District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongtou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongtou District">Dongtou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rui%27an" title="Rui'an">Rui'an</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yueqing" title="Yueqing">Yueqing</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longgang,_Zhejiang" title="Longgang, Zhejiang">Longgang</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongjia_County" title="Yongjia County">Yongjia County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wencheng_County" title="Wencheng County">Wencheng County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingyang_County" title="Pingyang County">Pingyang County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taishun_County" title="Taishun County">Taishun County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cangnan_County" title="Cangnan County">Cangnan County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jiaxing" title="Jiaxing">Jiaxing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanhu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanhu District">Nanhu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiuzhou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiuzhou District">Xiuzhou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinghu" title="Pinghu">Pinghu</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haining" title="Haining">Haining</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongxiang" title="Tongxiang">Tongxiang</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiashan_County" title="Jiashan County">Jiashan County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiyan_County,_Zhejiang" title="Haiyan County, Zhejiang">Haiyan County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Huzhou" title="Huzhou">Huzhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wuxing_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Wuxing District">Wuxing District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanxun_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanxun District">Nanxun District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changxing_County" title="Changxing County">Changxing County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deqing_County,_Zhejiang" title="Deqing County, Zhejiang">Deqing County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anji_County" title="Anji County">Anji County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shaoxing" title="Shaoxing">Shaoxing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuecheng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuecheng District">Yuecheng District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keqiao_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Keqiao District">Keqiao District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangyu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shangyu District">Shangyu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuji" title="Zhuji">Zhuji</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shengzhou" title="Shengzhou">Shengzhou</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinchang_County" title="Xinchang County">Xinchang County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jinhua" title="Jinhua">Jinhua</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wucheng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Wucheng District">Wucheng District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jindong_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jindong District">Jindong District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanxi,_Zhejiang" title="Lanxi, Zhejiang">Lanxi</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongkang,_Zhejiang" title="Yongkang, Zhejiang">Yongkang</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiwu" title="Yiwu">Yiwu</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongyang" title="Dongyang">Dongyang</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuyi_County,_Zhejiang" title="Wuyi County, Zhejiang">Wuyi County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pujiang_County,_Zhejiang" title="Pujiang County, Zhejiang">Pujiang County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan%27an_County" title="Pan'an County">Pan'an County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Quzhou" title="Quzhou">Quzhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kecheng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Kecheng District">Kecheng District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qujiang_District,_Quzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Qujiang District, Quzhou">Qujiang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangshan" title="Jiangshan">Jiangshan</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changshan_County" title="Changshan County">Changshan County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaihua_County" title="Kaihua County">Kaihua County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longyou_County" title="Longyou County">Longyou County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhoushan" title="Zhoushan">Zhoushan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dinghai_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinghai District">Dinghai District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putuo_District,_Zhoushan" class="mw-redirect" title="Putuo District, Zhoushan">Putuo District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daishan_County" title="Daishan County">Daishan County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shengsi_County" title="Shengsi County">Shengsi County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taizhou,_Zhejiang" title="Taizhou, Zhejiang">Taizhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jiaojiang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiaojiang District">Jiaojiang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangyan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Huangyan District">Huangyan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luqiao_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Luqiao District">Luqiao District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linhai" title="Linhai">Linhai</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenling" title="Wenling">Wenling</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuhuan" title="Yuhuan">Yuhuan</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanmen_County" title="Sanmen County">Sanmen County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiantai_County" title="Tiantai County">Tiantai County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianju_County" title="Xianju County">Xianju County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lishui" title="Lishui">Lishui</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liandu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Liandu District">Liandu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longquan" title="Longquan">Longquan</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinyun_County" title="Jinyun County">Jinyun County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingtian_County" title="Qingtian County">Qingtian County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunhe_County" title="Yunhe County">Yunhe County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suichang_County" title="Suichang County">Suichang County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songyang_County" title="Songyang County">Songyang County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingyuan_County,_Zhejiang" title="Qingyuan County, Zhejiang">Qingyuan County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingning_She_Autonomous_County" title="Jingning She Autonomous County">Jingning County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border&#124;link=China&#124;alt=China_Prefecture-level_divisions_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prefectural-level_divisions_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prefectural-level_divisions_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template talk:Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prefectural-level_divisions_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border&#124;link=China&#124;alt=China_Prefecture-level_divisions_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_divisions_of_China" title="Prefecture-level divisions of China">Prefecture-level divisions of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Notes: *<b><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_current_and_former_capitals_of_the_subdivisions_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of the current and former capitals of the subdivisions of China">Provincial capitals</a></b>, ★<a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_division#Sub-provincial_municipalities" title="Sub-provincial division">Sub-provincial cities</a>, ☆<a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_division#Sub-provincial_autonomous_prefecture" title="Sub-provincial division">Sub-provincial autonomous prefecture</a> <i>*<a href="/wiki/Sub-prefectural_city" title="Sub-prefectural city">Sub prefectural-level divisions</a></i>, ✧"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Comparatively_larger_city&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comparatively larger city (page does not exist)">Comparatively larger city</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%83%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%B8%82" class="extiw" title="zh:较大的市">zh</a>]</span>" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">较大的市</span></span>) as approved by the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">Provinces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Hefei" title="Hefei"><b>Hefei</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhu" title="Wuhu">Wuhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengbu" title="Bengbu">Bengbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huainan" title="Huainan">Huainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27anshan" title="Ma'anshan">Ma'anshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaibei" title="Huaibei">Huaibei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongling" title="Tongling">Tongling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anqing" title="Anqing">Anqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangshan_City" title="Huangshan City">Huangshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuzhou" title="Chuzhou">Chuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuyang" title="Fuyang">Fuyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou,_Anhui" title="Suzhou, Anhui">Suzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%27an" title="Lu'an">Lu'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozhou" title="Bozhou">Bozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chizhou" title="Chizhou">Chizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuancheng" title="Xuancheng">Xuancheng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Fuzhou" title="Fuzhou"><b>Fuzhou</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Xiamen" title="Xiamen">Xiamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putian" title="Putian">Putian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanming" title="Sanming">Sanming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quanzhou" title="Quanzhou">Quanzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangzhou" title="Zhangzhou">Zhangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanping" title="Nanping">Nanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longyan" title="Longyan">Longyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningde" title="Ningde">Ningde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Lanzhou" title="Lanzhou"><b>Lanzhou</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiayuguan_City" title="Jiayuguan City">Jiayuguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinchang" title="Jinchang">Jinchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baiyin" title="Baiyin">Baiyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianshui" title="Tianshui">Tianshui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuwei,_Gansu" title="Wuwei, Gansu">Wuwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangye" title="Zhangye">Zhangye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingliang" title="Pingliang">Pingliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiuquan" title="Jiuquan">Jiuquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingyang,_Gansu" title="Qingyang, Gansu">Qingyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingxi" title="Dingxi">Dingxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longnan" title="Longnan">Longnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linxia_Hui_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture">Linxia (Hui)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gannan_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Gannan (Tibetan)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou"><b>Guangzhou</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoguan" title="Shaoguan">Shaoguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuhai" title="Zhuhai">Zhuhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantou" title="Shantou">Shantou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foshan" title="Foshan">Foshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangmen" title="Jiangmen">Jiangmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhanjiang" title="Zhanjiang">Zhanjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoming" title="Maoming">Maoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaoqing" title="Zhaoqing">Zhaoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huizhou" title="Huizhou">Huizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meizhou" title="Meizhou">Meizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangjiang" title="Yangjiang">Yangjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanwei" title="Shanwei">Shanwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heyuan" title="Heyuan">Heyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingyuan" title="Qingyuan">Qingyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongguan" title="Dongguan">Dongguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongshan" title="Zhongshan">Zhongshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jieyang" title="Jieyang">Jieyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunfu" title="Yunfu">Yunfu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Guiyang" title="Guiyang"><b>Guiyang</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liupanshui" title="Liupanshui">Liupanshui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zunyi" title="Zunyi">Zunyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshun" title="Anshun">Anshun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijie" title="Bijie">Bijie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongren" title="Tongren">Tongren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qianxinan_Buyei_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Qianxinan (Buyei and Miao)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiannan_Buyei_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Qiannan (Buyei and Miao)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiandongnan_Miao_and_Dong_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture">Qiandongnan (Miao and Dong)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou"><b>Haikou</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanya" title="Sanya">Sanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danzhou" title="Danzhou">Danzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sansha" title="Sansha">Sansha</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Wuzhishan_City" title="Wuzhishan City"><i>Wuzhishan</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Qionghai" title="Qionghai"><i>Qionghai</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Wenchang" title="Wenchang"><i>Wenchang</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Wanning" title="Wanning"><i>Wanning</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Dongfang,_Hainan" title="Dongfang, Hainan"><i>Dongfang</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Ding%27an_County" title="Ding'an County"><i>Ding'an County</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Tunchang_County" title="Tunchang County"><i>Tunchang County</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Chengmai_County" title="Chengmai County"><i>Chengmai County</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Lingao_County" title="Lingao County"><i>Lingao County</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Baisha_Li_Autonomous_County" title="Baisha Li Autonomous County"><i>Baisha County</i> (Li)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Changjiang_Li_Autonomous_County" title="Changjiang Li Autonomous County"><i>Changjiang County</i> (Li)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Ledong_Li_Autonomous_County" title="Ledong Li Autonomous County"><i>Ledong County</i> (Li)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Lingshui_Li_Autonomous_County" title="Lingshui Li Autonomous County"><i>Lingshui County</i> (Li)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Baoting_Li_and_Miao_Autonomous_County" title="Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County"><i>Baoting County</i> (Li and Miao)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Qiongzhong_Li_and_Miao_Autonomous_County" title="Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County"><i>Qiongzhong County</i> (Li and Miao)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Shijiazhuang" title="Shijiazhuang"><b>Shijiazhuang</b></a></li> <li>✧<a href="/wiki/Tangshan" title="Tangshan">Tangshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinhuangdao" title="Qinhuangdao">Qinhuangdao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handan" title="Handan">Handan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xingtai" title="Xingtai">Xingtai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoding" title="Baoding">Baoding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangjiakou" title="Zhangjiakou">Zhangjiakou "Kalgan"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengde" title="Chengde">Chengde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cangzhou" title="Cangzhou">Cangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langfang" title="Langfang">Langfang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengshui" title="Hengshui">Hengshui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou" title="Zhengzhou"><b>Zhengzhou</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaifeng" title="Kaifeng">Kaifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">Luoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingdingshan" title="Pingdingshan">Pingdingshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anyang" title="Anyang">Anyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebi" title="Hebi">Hebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinxiang" title="Xinxiang">Xinxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozuo" title="Jiaozuo">Jiaozuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puyang" title="Puyang">Puyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuchang" title="Xuchang">Xuchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luohe" title="Luohe">Luohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanmenxia" title="Sanmenxia">Sanmenxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanyang,_Henan" title="Nanyang, Henan">Nanyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangqiu" title="Shangqiu">Shangqiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyang" title="Xinyang">Xinyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoukou" title="Zhoukou">Zhoukou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhumadian" title="Zhumadian">Zhumadian</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Jiyuan" title="Jiyuan"><i>Jiyuan</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan"><b>Wuhan</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaogan" title="Xiaogan">Xiaogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suizhou" title="Suizhou">Suizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi (Tujia and Miao)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Xiantao" title="Xiantao"><i>Xiantao</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Qianjiang,_Hubei" title="Qianjiang, Hubei"><i>Qianjiang</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Tianmen" title="Tianmen"><i>Tianmen</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia"><i>Shennongjia Forestry District</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Harbin" title="Harbin"><b>Harbin</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiqihar" title="Qiqihar">Qiqihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jixi" title="Jixi">Jixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegang" title="Hegang">Hegang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuangyashan" title="Shuangyashan">Shuangyashan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daqing" title="Daqing">Daqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yichun,_Heilongjiang" title="Yichun, Heilongjiang">Yichun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiamusi" title="Jiamusi">Jiamusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qitaihe" title="Qitaihe">Qitaihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudanjiang" title="Mudanjiang">Mudanjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heihe" title="Heihe">Heihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suihua" title="Suihua">Suihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daxing%27anling_Prefecture" title="Daxing'anling Prefecture">Daxing'anling Prefecture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Changsha" title="Changsha"><b>Changsha</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuzhou" title="Zhuzhou">Zhuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangtan" title="Xiangtan">Xiangtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengyang" title="Hengyang">Hengyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoyang" title="Shaoyang">Shaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yueyang" title="Yueyang">Yueyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changde" title="Changde">Changde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangjiajie" title="Zhangjiajie">Zhangjiajie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiyang" title="Yiyang">Yiyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenzhou" title="Chenzhou">Chenzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongzhou" title="Yongzhou">Yongzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaihua" title="Huaihua">Huaihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loudi" title="Loudi">Loudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangxi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Xiangxi (Tujia and Miao)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Changchun" title="Changchun"><b>Changchun</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilin_City" title="Jilin City">Jilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siping,_Jilin" title="Siping, Jilin">Siping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoyuan" title="Liaoyuan">Liaoyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonghua" title="Tonghua">Tonghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baishan" title="Baishan">Baishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songyuan" title="Songyuan">Songyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baicheng" title="Baicheng">Baicheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanbian_Korean_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture">Yanbian (Korean)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing"><b>Nanjing</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxi" title="Wuxi">Wuxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuzhou" title="Xuzhou">Xuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changzhou" title="Changzhou">Changzhou</a></li> <li>✧<a href="/wiki/Suzhou" title="Suzhou">Suzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantong" title="Nantong">Nantong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lianyungang" title="Lianyungang">Lianyungang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huai%27an" title="Huai'an">Huai'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yancheng" title="Yancheng">Yancheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangzhou" title="Yangzhou">Yangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhenjiang" title="Zhenjiang">Zhenjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taizhou,_Jiangsu" title="Taizhou, Jiangsu">Taizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suqian" title="Suqian">Suqian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Nanchang" title="Nanchang"><b>Nanchang</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingdezhen" title="Jingdezhen">Jingdezhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingxiang" title="Pingxiang">Pingxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiujiang" title="Jiujiang">Jiujiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyu" title="Xinyu">Xinyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingtan" title="Yingtan">Yingtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganzhou" title="Ganzhou">Ganzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji%27an" title="Ji'an">Ji'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yichun,_Jiangxi" title="Yichun, Jiangxi">Yichun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou,_Jiangxi" title="Fuzhou, Jiangxi">Fuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangrao" title="Shangrao">Shangrao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang"><b>Shenyang</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Dalian" title="Dalian">Dalian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshan" title="Anshan">Anshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fushun" title="Fushun">Fushun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benxi" title="Benxi">Benxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandong" title="Dandong">Dandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinzhou" title="Jinzhou">Jinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingkou" title="Yingkou">Yingkou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuxin" title="Fuxin">Fuxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoyang" title="Liaoyang">Liaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panjin" title="Panjin">Panjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tieling" title="Tieling">Tieling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaoyang,_Liaoning" title="Chaoyang, Liaoning">Chaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huludao" title="Huludao">Huludao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Xining" title="Xining"><b>Xining</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidong" title="Haidong">Haidong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haibei_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Haibei (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangnan_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Huangnan (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Hainan (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golog_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Golog "Guolog" (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yushu_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Yushu (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haixi_Mongol_and_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Haixi "Qaidam" (Mongol and Tibetan)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu"><b>Chengdu</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zigong" title="Zigong">Zigong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panzhihua" title="Panzhihua">Panzhihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luzhou" title="Luzhou">Luzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deyang" title="Deyang">Deyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianyang" title="Mianyang">Mianyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangyuan" title="Guangyuan">Guangyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suining" title="Suining">Suining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neijiang" title="Neijiang">Neijiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leshan" title="Leshan">Leshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanchong" title="Nanchong">Nanchong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meishan" title="Meishan">Meishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yibin" title="Yibin">Yibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guang%27an" title="Guang'an">Guang'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dazhou" title="Dazhou">Dazhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazhong" title="Bazhong">Bazhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyang" title="Ziyang">Ziyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27an" title="Ya'an">Ya'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngawa_Tibetan_and_Qiang_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture">Ngawa "Aba" (Tibetan and Qiang)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garz%C3%AA_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Garzê "Ganzi" (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liangshan_Yi_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture">Liangshan (Yi)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an"><b>Xi'an</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongchuan" title="Tongchuan">Tongchuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoji" title="Baoji">Baoji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianyang" title="Xianyang">Xianyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weinan" title="Weinan">Weinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan%27an" title="Yan'an">Yan'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanzhong" title="Hanzhong">Hanzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulin,_Shaanxi" title="Yulin, Shaanxi">Yulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankang" title="Ankang">Ankang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangluo" title="Shangluo">Shangluo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Jinan" title="Jinan"><b>Jinan</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zibo" title="Zibo">Zibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaozhuang" title="Zaozhuang">Zaozhuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongying" title="Dongying">Dongying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantai" title="Yantai">Yantai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weifang" title="Weifang">Weifang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jining" title="Jining">Jining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai%27an" title="Tai'an">Tai'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weihai" title="Weihai">Weihai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizhao" title="Rizhao">Rizhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linyi" title="Linyi">Linyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dezhou" title="Dezhou">Dezhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaocheng" title="Liaocheng">Liaocheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binzhou" title="Binzhou">Binzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heze" title="Heze">Heze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Taiyuan" title="Taiyuan"><b>Taiyuan</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datong" title="Datong">Datong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangquan" title="Yangquan">Yangquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changzhi" title="Changzhi">Changzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jincheng" title="Jincheng">Jincheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuozhou" title="Shuozhou">Shuozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinzhong" title="Jinzhong">Jinzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuncheng" title="Yuncheng">Yuncheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinzhou" title="Xinzhou">Xinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linfen" title="Linfen">Linfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCliang" title="Lüliang">Lüliang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">Taiwan</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei"><i><b>Taibei</b></i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaohsiung" title="Kaohsiung">Gaoxiong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Taipei" class="mw-redirect" title="New Taipei">Xinbei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taichung" title="Taichung">Taizhong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tainan" title="Tainan">Tainan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taoyuan,_Taiwan" title="Taoyuan, Taiwan">Taoyuan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Kunming" title="Kunming"><b>Kunming</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qujing" title="Qujing">Qujing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuxi" title="Yuxi">Yuxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoshan,_Yunnan" title="Baoshan, Yunnan">Baoshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaotong" title="Zhaotong">Zhaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lijiang" title="Lijiang">Lijiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu%27er_City" title="Pu'er City">Pu'er</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincang" title="Lincang">Lincang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuxiong_Yi_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture">Chuxiong (Yi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honghe_Hani_and_Yi_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture">Honghe (Hani and Yi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenshan_Zhuang_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Wenshan (Zhuang and Miao)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xishuangbanna_Dai_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture">Xishuangbanna (Dai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dali_Bai_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture">Dali (Bai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehong_Dai_and_Jingpo_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture">Dehong (Dai and Jingpo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nujiang_Lisu_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture">Nujiang (Lisu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AAq%C3%AAn_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Dêqên Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Dêqên (Tibetan)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou"><b>Hangzhou</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a></li> <li>✧<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wenzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaxing" title="Jiaxing">Jiaxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huzhou" title="Huzhou">Huzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoxing" title="Shaoxing">Shaoxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinhua" title="Jinhua">Jinhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quzhou" title="Quzhou">Quzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoushan" title="Zhoushan">Zhoushan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taizhou,_Zhejiang" title="Taizhou, Zhejiang">Taizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lishui" title="Lishui">Lishui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous <br />regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Nanning" title="Nanning"><b>Nanning</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liuzhou" title="Liuzhou">Liuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilin" title="Guilin">Guilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuzhou" title="Wuzhou">Wuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beihai" title="Beihai">Beihai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fangchenggang" title="Fangchenggang">Fangchenggang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinzhou" title="Qinzhou">Qinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guigang" title="Guigang">Guigang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulin,_Guangxi" title="Yulin, Guangxi">Yulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baise" title="Baise">Baise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezhou" title="Hezhou">Hezhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hechi" title="Hechi">Hechi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laibin" title="Laibin">Laibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongzuo" title="Chongzuo">Chongzuo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia">Ningxia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan"><b>Yinchuan</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shizuishan" title="Shizuishan">Shizuishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuzhong,_Ningxia" title="Wuzhong, Ningxia">Wuzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyuan" title="Guyuan">Guyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei" title="Zhongwei">Zhongwei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner <br />Mongolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Hohhot" title="Hohhot"><b>Hohhot</b></a></li> <li>✧<a href="/wiki/Baotou" title="Baotou">Baotou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhai" title="Wuhai">Wuhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chifeng" title="Chifeng">Chifeng "Ulankhad"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongliao" title="Tongliao">Tongliao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordos_City" title="Ordos City">Ordos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulunbuir" title="Hulunbuir">Hulunbuir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayannur" title="Bayannur">Bayannur "Bayannao'er"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanqab" title="Ulanqab">Ulanqab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinggan_League" title="Hinggan League">Hinggan League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xilingol_League" title="Xilingol League">Xilingol League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alxa_League" title="Alxa League">Alxa League "Ālāshàn League"</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi" title="Ürümqi"><b>Ürümqi</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamay" title="Karamay">Karamay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turpan" title="Turpan">Turpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hami" title="Hami">Hami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changji_Hui_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture">Changji (Hui)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bortala_Mongol_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture">Bortala (Mongol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayingolin_Mongol_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture">Bayingolin (Mongol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizilsu_Kyrgyz_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture">Kizilsu (Kyrgyz)</a></li> <li>( ☆<a href="/wiki/Ili_Kazakh_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture">Ili (Kazakh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacheng_Prefecture" title="Tacheng Prefecture">Tacheng Prefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altay_Prefecture" title="Altay Prefecture">Altay Prefecture</a> )</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksu_Prefecture" title="Aksu Prefecture">Aksu Prefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashgar_Prefecture" title="Kashgar Prefecture">Kashgar "Kashi" Prefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotan_Prefecture" title="Hotan Prefecture">Hotan Prefecture</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Shihezi" title="Shihezi"><i>Shihezi</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Aral,_Xinjiang" title="Aral, Xinjiang"><i>Aral</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Tumxuk" title="Tumxuk"><i>Tumxuk</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Wujiaqu" title="Wujiaqu"><i>Wujiaqu</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Beitun,_Xinjiang" title="Beitun, Xinjiang"><i>Beitun</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Tiemenguan_City" title="Tiemenguan City"><i>Tiemenguan</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Shuanghe" title="Shuanghe"><i>Shuanghe</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Kokdala" title="Kokdala"><i>Kokdala</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Kunyu,_Xinjiang" title="Kunyu, Xinjiang"><i>Kunyu</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Huyanghe" title="Huyanghe"><i>Huyanghe</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Xinxing,_Xinjiang" title="Xinxing, Xinjiang"><i>Xinxing</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Lhasa_(prefecture-level_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lhasa (prefecture-level city)"><b>Lhasa</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigatse" title="Shigatse">Shigatse "Xigazê"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamdo" title="Chamdo">Chamdo "Qamdo"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyingchi" title="Nyingchi">Nyingchi "Linzhi"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannan,_Tibet" title="Shannan, Tibet">Shannan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagqu" title="Nagqu">Nagqu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngari_Prefecture" title="Ngari Prefecture">Ngari Prefecture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Direct-administered_municipalities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-administered municipalities of China">Direct-administered municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/List_of_prefectures_in_China" title="List of prefectures in China"><i>List of prefectures in China</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_China" title="List of cities in China"><i>List of cities in China</i></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metropolitan_cities_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metropolitan_cities_of_China" title="Template:Metropolitan cities of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metropolitan_cities_of_China" title="Template talk:Metropolitan cities of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan_cities_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan cities of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metropolitan_cities_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_China_by_population" title="List of cities in China by population">Metropolitan cities of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Major_metropolitan_regions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Megalopolises_in_China" title="Megalopolises in China">Major metropolitan regions</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jing-Jin-Ji" title="Jing-Jin-Ji">Jing-Jin-Ji (BJ-TJ-HE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangdong%E2%80%93Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Macau_Greater_Bay_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Greater Bay Area">Greater Bay Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangtze_Delta" title="Yangtze Delta">Yangtze Delta (SH-JS-ZJ)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhongyuan_Metropolitan_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhongyuan Metropolitan Region (page does not exist)">Zhongyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chengyu_Metropolitan_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chengyu Metropolitan Region (page does not exist)">Chengyu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cross-Strait_Western_Coastal_Metropolitan_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cross-Strait Western Coastal Metropolitan Region (page does not exist)">Cross-Strait Western Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guanzhong_Metropolitan_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guanzhong Metropolitan Region (page does not exist)">Guanzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mid-Southern_Liaoning_Metropolitan_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mid-Southern Liaoning Metropolitan Region (page does not exist)">Mid-Southern Liaoning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shandong_Peninsula_Metropolitan_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shandong Peninsula Metropolitan Region (page does not exist)">Shandong Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yangtze_River_Midstream_Metropolitan_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yangtze River Midstream Metropolitan Region (page does not exist)">Yangtze River Midstream (Yangtze River Valley)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Major_cities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Major cities</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Central_City" class="mw-redirect" title="National Central City">National Central Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a><sup>a</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a><sup>b2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a><sup>a2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a><sup>a2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zones_of_China" title="Special economic zones of China">Special administrative regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Central_City" class="mw-redirect" title="National Central City">Regional Central Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang">Shenyang</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a><sup>c1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a><sup>b</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_division" title="Sub-provincial division">Sub-provincial cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Changchun" title="Changchun">Changchun</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalian" title="Dalian">Dalian</a><sup>c2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a><sup>b2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbin" title="Harbin">Harbin</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinan" title="Jinan">Jinan</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a><sup>c2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a><sup>c2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang">Shenyang</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a><sup>c1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a><sup>b</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiamen" title="Xiamen">Xiamen</a><sup>c1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a><sup>b</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provincial capitals<br />(<a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">Prefecture-level</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Changsha" title="Changsha">Changsha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou" title="Fuzhou">Fuzhou</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiyang" title="Guiyang">Guiyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hefei" title="Hefei">Hefei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunming" title="Kunming">Kunming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanzhou" title="Lanzhou">Lanzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanchang" title="Nanchang">Nanchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shijiazhuang" title="Shijiazhuang">Shijiazhuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiyuan" title="Taiyuan">Taiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xining" title="Xining">Xining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou" title="Zhengzhou">Zhengzhou</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taibei</a></i><sup>5</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomous regional capitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hohhot" title="Hohhot">Hohhot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lhasa_(prefecture-level_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lhasa (prefecture-level city)">Lhasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanning" title="Nanning">Nanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi" title="Ürümqi">Ürümqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparatively large cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anshan" title="Anshan">Anshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baotou" title="Baotou">Baotou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benxi" title="Benxi">Benxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datong" title="Datong">Datong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fushun" title="Fushun">Fushun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiujiang" title="Jiujiang">Jiujiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handan" title="Handan">Handan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huainan" title="Huainan">Huainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilin_City" title="Jilin City">Jilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">Luoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiqihar" title="Qiqihar">Qiqihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou" title="Suzhou">Suzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangshan" title="Tangshan">Tangshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxi" title="Wuxi">Wuxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuzhou" title="Xuzhou">Xuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zibo" title="Zibo">Zibo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Prefecture-level_cities_by_province" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">Prefecture-level cities</a> by province</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Shijiazhuang*</li> <li>Tangshan*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinhuangdao" title="Qinhuangdao">Qinhuangdao</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li>Handan*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xingtai" title="Xingtai">Xingtai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoding" title="Baoding">Baoding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangjiakou" title="Zhangjiakou">Zhangjiakou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengde" title="Chengde">Chengde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cangzhou" title="Cangzhou">Cangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langfang" title="Langfang">Langfang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengshui" title="Hengshui">Hengshui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Taiyuan*</li> <li>Datong*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangquan" title="Yangquan">Yangquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changzhi" title="Changzhi">Changzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jincheng" title="Jincheng">Jincheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuozhou" title="Shuozhou">Shuozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinzhong" title="Jinzhong">Jinzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuncheng" title="Yuncheng">Yuncheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinzhou" title="Xinzhou">Xinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linfen" title="Linfen">Linfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCliang" title="Lüliang">Lüliang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Hohhot*</li> <li>Baotou*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhai" title="Wuhai">Wuhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chifeng" title="Chifeng">Chifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongliao" title="Tongliao">Tongliao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordos_City" title="Ordos City">Ordos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulunbuir" title="Hulunbuir">Hulunbuir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayannur" title="Bayannur">Bayannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanqab" title="Ulanqab">Ulanqab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Shenyang*</li> <li>Dalian*</li> <li>Anshan*</li> <li>Fushun*</li> <li>Benxi*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandong" title="Dandong">Dandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinzhou" title="Jinzhou">Jinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingkou" title="Yingkou">Yingkou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuxin" title="Fuxin">Fuxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoyang" title="Liaoyang">Liaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panjin" title="Panjin">Panjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tieling" title="Tieling">Tieling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaoyang,_Liaoning" title="Chaoyang, Liaoning">Chaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huludao" title="Huludao">Huludao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Changchun*</li> <li>Jilin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siping,_Jilin" title="Siping, Jilin">Siping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoyuan" title="Liaoyuan">Liaoyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonghua" title="Tonghua">Tonghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baishan" title="Baishan">Baishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songyuan" title="Songyuan">Songyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baicheng" title="Baicheng">Baicheng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Harbin*</li> <li>Qiqihar*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jixi" title="Jixi">Jixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegang" title="Hegang">Hegang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuangyashan" title="Shuangyashan">Shuangyashan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daqing" title="Daqing">Daqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yichun,_Heilongjiang" title="Yichun, Heilongjiang">Yīchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiamusi" title="Jiamusi">Jiamusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qitaihe" title="Qitaihe">Qitaihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudanjiang" title="Mudanjiang">Mudanjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heihe" title="Heihe">Heihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suihua" title="Suihua">Suihua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nanjing*</li> <li>Wuxi*</li> <li>Xuzhou*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changzhou" title="Changzhou">Changzhou</a></li> <li>Suzhou*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantong" title="Nantong">Nantong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lianyungang" title="Lianyungang">Lianyungang</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huai%27an" title="Huai'an">Huai'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yancheng" title="Yancheng">Yancheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangzhou" title="Yangzhou">Yangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhenjiang" title="Zhenjiang">Zhenjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taizhou,_Jiangsu" title="Taizhou, Jiangsu">Tàizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suqian" title="Suqian">Suqian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Hangzhou*</li> <li>Ningbo*</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wenzhou</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaxing" title="Jiaxing">Jiaxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huzhou" title="Huzhou">Huzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoxing" title="Shaoxing">Shaoxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinhua" title="Jinhua">Jinhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quzhou" title="Quzhou">Quzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoushan" title="Zhoushan">Zhoushan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taizhou,_Zhejiang" title="Taizhou, Zhejiang">Tāizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lishui" title="Lishui">Lishui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Hefei*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhu" title="Wuhu">Wuhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengbu" title="Bengbu">Bengbu</a></li> <li>Huainan*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27anshan" title="Ma'anshan">Ma'anshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaibei" title="Huaibei">Huaibei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongling" title="Tongling">Tongling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anqing" title="Anqing">Anqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangshan_City" title="Huangshan City">Huangshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuzhou" title="Chuzhou">Chuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuyang" title="Fuyang">Fuyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou,_Anhui" title="Suzhou, Anhui">Sùzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%27an" title="Lu'an">Lu'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozhou" title="Bozhou">Bozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chizhou" title="Chizhou">Chizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuancheng" title="Xuancheng">Xuancheng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Fuzhou*</li> <li>Xiamen*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putian" title="Putian">Putian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanming" title="Sanming">Sanming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quanzhou" title="Quanzhou">Quanzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangzhou" title="Zhangzhou">Zhangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanping" title="Nanping">Nanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longyan" title="Longyan">Longyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningde" title="Ningde">Ningde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nanchang*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingdezhen" title="Jingdezhen">Jingdezhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingxiang" title="Pingxiang">Pingxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiujiang" title="Jiujiang">Jiujiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyu" title="Xinyu">Xinyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingtan" title="Yingtan">Yingtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganzhou" title="Ganzhou">Ganzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji%27an" title="Ji'an">Ji'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yichun,_Jiangxi" title="Yichun, Jiangxi">Yíchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou,_Jiangxi" title="Fuzhou, Jiangxi">Fǔzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangrao" title="Shangrao">Shangrao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Jinan*</li> <li>Qingdao*</li> <li>Zibo*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaozhuang" title="Zaozhuang">Zaozhuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongying" title="Dongying">Dongying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantai" title="Yantai">Yantai</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weifang" title="Weifang">Weifang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jining" title="Jining">Jining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai%27an" title="Tai'an">Tai'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weihai" title="Weihai">Weihai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizhao" title="Rizhao">Rizhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laiwu" title="Laiwu">Laiwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linyi" title="Linyi">Linyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dezhou" title="Dezhou">Dezhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaocheng" title="Liaocheng">Liaocheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binzhou" title="Binzhou">Binzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heze" title="Heze">Heze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Zhengzhou*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaifeng" title="Kaifeng">Kaifeng</a></li> <li>Luoyang*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingdingshan" title="Pingdingshan">Pingdingshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anyang" title="Anyang">Anyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebi" title="Hebi">Hebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinxiang" title="Xinxiang">Xinxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozuo" title="Jiaozuo">Jiaozuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puyang" title="Puyang">Puyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuchang" title="Xuchang">Xuchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luohe" title="Luohe">Luohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanmenxia" title="Sanmenxia">Sanmenxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanyang,_Henan" title="Nanyang, Henan">Nanyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangqiu" title="Shangqiu">Shangqiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyang" title="Xinyang">Xinyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoukou" title="Zhoukou">Zhoukou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhumadian" title="Zhumadian">Zhumadian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Wuhan*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaogan" title="Xiaogan">Xiaogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinzhou" title="Jinzhou">Jinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suizhou" title="Suizhou">Suizhou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Changsha*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuzhou" title="Zhuzhou">Zhuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangtan" title="Xiangtan">Xiangtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengyang" title="Hengyang">Hengyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoyang" title="Shaoyang">Shaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yueyang" title="Yueyang">Yueyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changde" title="Changde">Changde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangjiajie" title="Zhangjiajie">Zhangjiajie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiyang" title="Yiyang">Yiyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenzhou" title="Chenzhou">Chenzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongzhou" title="Yongzhou">Yongzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaihua" title="Huaihua">Huaihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loudi" title="Loudi">Loudi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Guangzhou*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoguan" title="Shaoguan">Shaoguan</a></li> <li>Shenzhen*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuhai" title="Zhuhai">Zhuhai</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantou" title="Shantou">Shantou</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foshan" title="Foshan">Foshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangmen" title="Jiangmen">Jiangmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhanjiang" title="Zhanjiang">Zhanjiang</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoming" title="Maoming">Maoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaoqing" title="Zhaoqing">Zhaoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huizhou" title="Huizhou">Huizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meizhou" title="Meizhou">Meizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanwei" title="Shanwei">Shanwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heyuan" title="Heyuan">Heyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangjiang" title="Yangjiang">Yangjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingyuan" title="Qingyuan">Qingyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongguan" title="Dongguan">Dongguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongshan" title="Zhongshan">Zhongshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaozhou" title="Chaozhou">Chaozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jieyang" title="Jieyang">Jieyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunfu" title="Yunfu">Yunfu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nanning*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liuzhou" title="Liuzhou">Liuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilin" title="Guilin">Guilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuzhou" title="Wuzhou">Wuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beihai" title="Beihai">Beihai</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fangchenggang" title="Fangchenggang">Fangchenggang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinzhou" title="Qinzhou">Qinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guigang" title="Guigang">Guigang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulin,_Guangxi" title="Yulin, Guangxi">Yùlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baise" title="Baise">Baise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezhou" title="Hezhou">Hezhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hechi" title="Hechi">Hechi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laibin" title="Laibin">Laibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongzuo" title="Chongzuo">Chongzuo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a><sup>1</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Haikou*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanya" title="Sanya">Sanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sansha" title="Sansha">Sansha</a><sup>4</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danzhou" title="Danzhou">Danzhou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Chengdu*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zigong" title="Zigong">Zigong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panzhihua" title="Panzhihua">Panzhihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luzhou" title="Luzhou">Luzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deyang" title="Deyang">Deyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianyang" title="Mianyang">Mianyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangyuan" title="Guangyuan">Guangyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suining" title="Suining">Suining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neijiang" title="Neijiang">Neijiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leshan" title="Leshan">Leshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanchong" title="Nanchong">Nanchong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meishan" title="Meishan">Meishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yibin" title="Yibin">Yibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guang%27an" title="Guang'an">Guang'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dazhou" title="Dazhou">Dazhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27an" title="Ya'an">Ya'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazhong" title="Bazhong">Bazhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyang" title="Ziyang">Ziyang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Guiyang*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liupanshui" title="Liupanshui">Liupanshui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zunyi" title="Zunyi">Zunyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshun" title="Anshun">Anshun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijie" title="Bijie">Bijie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongren" title="Tongren">Tongren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Kunming*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qujing" title="Qujing">Qujing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuxi" title="Yuxi">Yuxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoshan,_Yunnan" title="Baoshan, Yunnan">Baoshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaotong" title="Zhaotong">Zhaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lijiang" title="Lijiang">Lijiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu%27er_City" title="Pu'er City">Pu'er</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincang" title="Lincang">Lincang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Lhasa*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigatse" title="Shigatse">Shigatse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamdo" title="Chamdo">Chamdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyingchi" title="Nyingchi">Nyingchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannan,_Tibet" title="Shannan, Tibet">Shannan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Xi'an*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongchuan" title="Tongchuan">Tongchuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoji" title="Baoji">Baoji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianyang" title="Xianyang">Xianyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weinan" title="Weinan">Weinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan%27an" title="Yan'an">Yan'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanzhong" title="Hanzhong">Hanzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulin,_Shaanxi" title="Yulin, Shaanxi">Yúlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankang" title="Ankang">Ankang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangluo" title="Shangluo">Shangluo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Lanzhou*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiayuguan_City" title="Jiayuguan City">Jiayuguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinchang" title="Jinchang">Jinchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baiyin" title="Baiyin">Baiyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianshui" title="Tianshui">Tianshui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuwei,_Gansu" title="Wuwei, Gansu">Wuwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangye" title="Zhangye">Zhangye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingliang" title="Pingliang">Pingliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiuquan" title="Jiuquan">Jiuquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingyang,_Gansu" title="Qingyang, Gansu">Qingyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingxi" title="Dingxi">Dingxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longnan" title="Longnan">Longnan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Xining*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidong" title="Haidong">Haidong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia">Ningxia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Yinchuan*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shizuishan" title="Shizuishan">Shizuishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuzhong,_Ningxia" title="Wuzhong, Ningxia">Wuzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyuan" title="Guyuan">Guyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei" title="Zhongwei">Zhongwei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ürümqi*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamay" title="Karamay">Karamay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turpan" title="Turpan">Turpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hami" title="Hami">Hami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">Taiwan</a></i><sup>5</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>(none)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_cities_(partly_shown_below)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_China" title="List of cities in China">Other cities</a> (partly shown below)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_China" title="Prefectures of China">Prefecture-level capitals</a><br />(County-level)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ulanhot" title="Ulanhot">Ulanhot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xilinhot" title="Xilinhot">Xilinhot</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiagedaqi_District" title="Jiagedaqi District">Jiagedaqi</a><sup>3</sup>, <a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enshi_City" title="Enshi City">Enshi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jishou" title="Jishou">Jishou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>：<a href="/wiki/Xichang" title="Xichang">Xichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangding" title="Kangding">Kangding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barkam" title="Barkam">Barkam</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xingyi,_Guizhou" title="Xingyi, Guizhou">Xingyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaili_City" title="Kaili City">Kaili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duyun" title="Duyun">Duyun</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chuxiong_City" title="Chuxiong City">Chuxiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengzi_City" title="Mengzi City">Mengzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenshan_City" title="Wenshan City">Wenshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinghong" title="Jinghong">Jinghong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dali_City" title="Dali City">Dali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangshi" title="Mangshi">Mangshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangri-La,_Yunnan" title="Shangri-La, Yunnan">Shangri-La</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lushui" title="Lushui">Lushui</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a>: <a href="/wiki/Linxia_City" title="Linxia City">Linxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezuo" title="Hezuo">Hezuo</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a>: <a href="/wiki/Yushu_City,_Qinghai" title="Yushu City, Qinghai">Yushu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delingha" title="Delingha">Delingha</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>: <a href="/wiki/Changji" title="Changji">Changji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bole,_Xinjiang" title="Bole, Xinjiang">Bole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korla" title="Korla">Korla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yining" title="Yining">Yining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artush" title="Artush">Artush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksu_City" title="Aksu City">Aksu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashgar" title="Kashgar">Kashgar</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotan" title="Hotan">Hotan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacheng" title="Tacheng">Tacheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altay_City" title="Altay City">Altay</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sub-prefectural_city" title="Sub-prefectural city">Province-governed cities<br />(Sub-prefecture-level)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jiyuan" title="Jiyuan">Jiyuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xiantao" title="Xiantao">Xiantao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qianjiang,_Hubei" title="Qianjiang, Hubei">Qiánjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianmen" title="Tianmen">Tianmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a><sup>1</sup>: <a href="/wiki/Wuzhishan_City" title="Wuzhishan City">Wuzhishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qionghai" title="Qionghai">Qionghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenchang" title="Wenchang">Wenchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanning" title="Wanning">Wanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongfang,_Hainan" title="Dongfang, Hainan">Dongfang</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> - <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_Production_and_Construction_Corps" title="Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps">XPCC(Bingtuan) cities</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shihezi" title="Shihezi">Shihezi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aral,_Xinjiang" title="Aral, Xinjiang">Aral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumxuk" title="Tumxuk">Tumxuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wujiaqu" title="Wujiaqu">Wujiaqu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beitun_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Beitun City">Beitun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiemenguan_City" title="Tiemenguan City">Tiemenguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuanghe" title="Shuanghe">Shuanghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokdala" title="Kokdala">Kokdala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunyu,_Xinjiang" title="Kunyu, Xinjiang">Kunyu</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_China" title="Prefectures of China">Former Prefecture-level cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaohu" title="Chaohu">Chaohu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yumen_City" title="Yumen City">Yumen</a>，<a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongchuan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongchuan District">Dongchuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashi_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shashi District">Shashi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fuling_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuling District">Fuling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanzhou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanzhou District">Wanxian</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a>: <a href="/wiki/Meihekou" title="Meihekou">Meihekou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gongzhuling" title="Gongzhuling">Gongzhuling</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sub-prefectural_city" title="Sub-prefectural city">Sub-prefecture-level cities</a><br />(Prefecture-governed)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qian%27an,_Hebei" title="Qian'an, Hebei">Qian'an, Hebei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manzhouli" title="Manzhouli">Manzhouli, Inner Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erenhot" title="Erenhot">Erenhot, Inner Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golmud" title="Golmud">Golmud, Qinghai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="County-level_cities_by_province" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/County-level_city" title="County-level city">County-level cities</a> by province</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xinji" title="Xinji">Xinji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinzhou,_Hebei" title="Jinzhou, Hebei">Jinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinle,_Hebei" title="Xinle, Hebei">Xinle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zunhua" title="Zunhua">Zunhua</a></li> <li>Qian'an*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu%27an" title="Wu'an">Wu'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nangong" title="Nangong">Nangong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahe,_Hebei" title="Shahe, Hebei">Shahe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuozhou" title="Zhuozhou">Zhuozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingzhou" title="Dingzhou">Dingzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anguo" title="Anguo">Anguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaobeidian" title="Gaobeidian">Gaobeidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botou" title="Botou">Botou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renqiu" title="Renqiu">Renqiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huanghua" title="Huanghua">Huanghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hejian" title="Hejian">Hejian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazhou,_Hebei" title="Bazhou, Hebei">Bazhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhe,_Hebei" title="Sanhe, Hebei">Sanhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhou_City" title="Shenzhou City">Shenzhou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gujiao" title="Gujiao">Gujiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucheng_District,_Changzhi" title="Lucheng District, Changzhi">Lucheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaoping" title="Gaoping">Gaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiexiu" title="Jiexiu">Jiexiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongji,_Shanxi" title="Yongji, Shanxi">Yongji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hejin" title="Hejin">Hejin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuanping" title="Yuanping">Yuanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houma,_Shanxi" title="Houma, Shanxi">Houma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huozhou" title="Huozhou">Huozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaoyi" title="Xiaoyi">Xiaoyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenyang" title="Fenyang">Fenyang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holingol" title="Holingol">Holingol</a></li> <li>Manzhouli*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakeshi" title="Yakeshi">Yakeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalantun" title="Zalantun">Zhalantun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergun_City" title="Ergun City">Ergun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genhe" title="Genhe">Genhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fengzhen" title="Fengzhen">Fengzhen</a></li> <li>Ulanhot*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arxan" title="Arxan">Arxan</a></li> <li>Erenhot*</li> <li>Xilinhot*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xinmin,_Liaoning" title="Xinmin, Liaoning">Xinmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wafangdian" title="Wafangdian">Wafangdian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuanghe" title="Zhuanghe">Zhuanghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haicheng,_Liaoning" title="Haicheng, Liaoning">Haicheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donggang,_Liaoning" title="Donggang, Liaoning">Donggang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fengcheng,_Liaoning" title="Fengcheng, Liaoning">Fengcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linghai" title="Linghai">Linghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beizhen" title="Beizhen">Beizhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaizhou" title="Gaizhou">Gaizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashiqiao" title="Dashiqiao">Dashiqiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dengta" title="Dengta">Dengta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaobingshan" title="Diaobingshan">Diaobingshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiyuan,_Liaoning" title="Kaiyuan, Liaoning">Kaiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beipiao" title="Beipiao">Beipiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingyuan" title="Lingyuan">Lingyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xingcheng" title="Xingcheng">Xingcheng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yushu,_Jilin" title="Yushu, Jilin">Yushu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehui" title="Dehui">Dehui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaohe,_Jilin" title="Jiaohe, Jilin">Jiaohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huadian,_Jilin" title="Huadian, Jilin">Huadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shulan" title="Shulan">Shulan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panshi" title="Panshi">Panshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gongzhuling" title="Gongzhuling">Gongzhuling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuangliao" title="Shuangliao">Shuangliao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meihekou" title="Meihekou">Meihekou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji%27an,_Jilin" title="Ji'an, Jilin">Ji'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linjiang" title="Linjiang">Linjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuyu,_Jilin" title="Fuyu, Jilin">Fuyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taonan" title="Taonan">Taonan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Da%27an,_Jilin" title="Da'an, Jilin">Da'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanji" title="Yanji">Yanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumen,_Jilin" title="Tumen, Jilin">Tumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunhua" title="Dunhua">Dunhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunchun" title="Hunchun">Hunchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longjing,_Jilin" title="Longjing, Jilin">Longjing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helong" title="Helong">Helong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shangzhi" title="Shangzhi">Shangzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuchang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Wuchang District">Wuchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehe" title="Nehe">Nehe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulin" title="Hulin">Hulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishan" title="Mishan">Mishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tieli" title="Tieli">Tieli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongjiang,_Heilongjiang" title="Tongjiang, Heilongjiang">Tongjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujin_City" title="Fujin City">Fujin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuyuan,_Heilongjiang" title="Fuyuan, Heilongjiang">Fuyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suifenhe" title="Suifenhe">Suifenhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hailin" title="Hailin">Hailin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ning%27an" title="Ning'an">Ning'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muling" title="Muling">Muling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongning,_Heilongjiang" title="Dongning, Heilongjiang">Dongning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bei%27an" title="Bei'an">Bei'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wudalianchi" title="Wudalianchi">Wudalianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anda,_Heilongjiang" title="Anda, Heilongjiang">Anda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaodong" title="Zhaodong">Zhaodong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hailun" title="Hailun">Hailun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jiangyin" title="Jiangyin">Jiangyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yixing" title="Yixing">Yixing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyi,_Jiangsu" title="Xinyi, Jiangsu">Xinyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizhou" title="Pizhou">Pizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liyang" title="Liyang">Liyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changshu" title="Changshu">Changshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangjiagang" title="Zhangjiagang">Zhangjiagang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunshan" title="Kunshan">Kunshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taicang" title="Taicang">Taicang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qidong,_Jiangsu" title="Qidong, Jiangsu">Qidong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugao" title="Rugao">Rugao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haimen" class="mw-redirect" title="Haimen">Haimen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongtai" title="Dongtai">Dongtai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yizheng" title="Yizheng">Yizheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaoyou" title="Gaoyou">Gaoyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danyang,_Jiangsu" title="Danyang, Jiangsu">Danyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangzhong" title="Yangzhong">Yangzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurong,_Jiangsu" title="Jurong, Jiangsu">Jurong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingjiang" title="Jingjiang">Jingjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taixing" title="Taixing">Taixing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinghua,_Jiangsu" title="Xinghua, Jiangsu">Xinghua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jiande" title="Jiande">Jiande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin%27an_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Lin'an District">Lin'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuyao" title="Yuyao">Yuyao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cixi,_Zhejiang" title="Cixi, Zhejiang">Cixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenghua_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Fenghua District">Fenghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rui%27an" title="Rui'an">Rui'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yueqing" title="Yueqing">Yueqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haining" title="Haining">Haining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinghu" title="Pinghu">Pinghu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongxiang" title="Tongxiang">Tongxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuji" title="Zhuji">Zhuji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shengzhou" title="Shengzhou">Shengzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanxi,_Zhejiang" title="Lanxi, Zhejiang">Lanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiwu" title="Yiwu">Yiwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongyang" title="Dongyang">Dongyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongkang,_Zhejiang" title="Yongkang, Zhejiang">Yongkang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangshan" title="Jiangshan">Jiangshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenling" title="Wenling">Wenling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linhai" title="Linhai">Linhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longquan" title="Longquan">Longquan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaohu" title="Chaohu">Chaohu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jieshou" title="Jieshou">Jieshou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongcheng,_Anhui" title="Tongcheng, Anhui">Tongcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianchang" title="Tianchang">Tianchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mingguang" title="Mingguang">Mingguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningguo" title="Ningguo">Ningguo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuqing" title="Fuqing">Fuqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changle_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Changle District">Changle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yong%27an" title="Yong'an">Yong'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shishi,_Fujian" title="Shishi, Fujian">Shishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinjiang,_Fujian" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinjiang, Fujian">Jinjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nan%27an,_Fujian" title="Nan'an, Fujian">Nan'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longhai_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Longhai City">Longhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaowu" title="Shaowu">Shaowu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuyishan,_Fujian" title="Wuyishan, Fujian">Wuyishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jian%27ou" title="Jian'ou">Jian'ou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangping" title="Zhangping">Zhangping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu%27an" title="Fu'an">Fu'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuding" title="Fuding">Fuding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leping" title="Leping">Leping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruichang" title="Ruichang">Ruichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gongqingcheng" title="Gongqingcheng">Gongqingcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lushan_City" title="Lushan City">Lushan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guixi" title="Guixi">Guixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruijin" title="Ruijin">Ruijin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinggangshan_City" title="Jinggangshan City">Jinggangshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fengcheng,_Jiangxi" title="Fengcheng, Jiangxi">Fengcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangshu" title="Zhangshu">Zhangshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao%27an" title="Gao'an">Gao'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexing,_Jiangxi" title="Dexing, Jiangxi">Dexing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhangqiu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhangqiu District">Zhangqiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozhou_City" title="Jiaozhou City">Jiaozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimo_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jimo District">Jimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingdu" title="Pingdu">Pingdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laixi" title="Laixi">Laixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengzhou" title="Tengzhou">Tengzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longkou" title="Longkou">Longkou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laiyang" title="Laiyang">Laiyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laizhou" title="Laizhou">Laizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penglai,_Shandong" class="mw-redirect" title="Penglai, Shandong">Penglai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaoyuan,_Shandong" title="Zhaoyuan, Shandong">Zhaoyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qixia,_Shandong" title="Qixia, Shandong">Qixia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiyang" title="Haiyang">Haiyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingzhou" title="Qingzhou">Qingzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhucheng" title="Zhucheng">Zhucheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shouguang" title="Shouguang">Shouguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anqiu" title="Anqiu">Anqiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaomi" title="Gaomi">Gaomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changyi,_Shandong" title="Changyi, Shandong">Changyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qufu" title="Qufu">Qufu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoucheng" title="Zoucheng">Zoucheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xintai" title="Xintai">Xintai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feicheng" title="Feicheng">Feicheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rongcheng,_Shandong" title="Rongcheng, Shandong">Rongcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rushan,_Shandong" title="Rushan, Shandong">Rushan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laoling" title="Laoling">Laoling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yucheng,_Shandong" title="Yucheng, Shandong">Yucheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linqing" title="Linqing">Linqing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gongyi" title="Gongyi">Gongyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xingyang" title="Xingyang">Xingyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinmi" title="Xinmi">Xinmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinzheng" title="Xinzheng">Xinzheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dengfeng" title="Dengfeng">Dengfeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanshi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yanshi">Yanshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wugang,_Henan" title="Wugang, Henan">Wugang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruzhou" title="Ruzhou">Ruzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linzhou,_Henan" title="Linzhou, Henan">Linzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weihui" title="Weihui">Weihui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huixian" title="Huixian">Huixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinyang" title="Qinyang">Qinyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengzhou" title="Mengzhou">Mengzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzhou,_Henan" title="Yuzhou, Henan">Yuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changge" title="Changge">Changge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yima,_Henan" title="Yima, Henan">Yima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingbao_City" title="Lingbao City">Lingbao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dengzhou" title="Dengzhou">Dengzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongcheng" title="Yongcheng">Yongcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangcheng_City" title="Xiangcheng City">Xiangcheng</a></li> <li>Jiyuan*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daye" title="Daye">Daye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danjiangkou" title="Danjiangkou">Danjiangkou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yidu" title="Yidu">Yidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangyang" title="Dangyang">Dangyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhijiang,_Hubei" title="Zhijiang, Hubei">Zhijiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laohekou" title="Laohekou">Laohekou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaoyang" title="Zaoyang">Zaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yicheng,_Hubei" title="Yicheng, Hubei">Yicheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongxiang" title="Zhongxiang">Zhongxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingcheng" title="Yingcheng">Yingcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anlu" title="Anlu">Anlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanchuan" title="Hanchuan">Hanchuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shishou" title="Shishou">Shishou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honghu" title="Honghu">Honghu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songzi" title="Songzi">Songzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macheng" title="Macheng">Macheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxue" title="Wuxue">Wuxue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibi,_Hubei" title="Chibi, Hubei">Chibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangshui" title="Guangshui">Guangshui</a></li> <li>Enshi*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichuan,_Hubei" title="Lichuan, Hubei">Lichuan</a></li> <li>Xiantao*</li> <li>Qianjiang*</li> <li>Tianmen*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liuyang" title="Liuyang">Liuyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liling" title="Liling">Liling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangxiang" title="Xiangxiang">Xiangxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoshan" title="Shaoshan">Shaoshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiyang" title="Leiyang">Leiyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changning,_Hunan" title="Changning, Hunan">Changning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wugang,_Hunan" title="Wugang, Hunan">Wugang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miluo_City" title="Miluo City">Miluo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linxiang,_Hunan" title="Linxiang, Hunan">Linxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinshi_City" title="Jinshi City">Jinshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuanjiang" title="Yuanjiang">Yuanjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zixing" title="Zixing">Zixing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hongjiang" title="Hongjiang">Hongjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lengshuijiang" title="Lengshuijiang">Lengshuijiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lianyuan" title="Lianyuan">Lianyuan</a></li> <li>Jishou*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lechang" title="Lechang">Lechang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanxiong" title="Nanxiong">Nanxiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taishan,_Guangdong" title="Taishan, Guangdong">Taishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiping" title="Kaiping">Kaiping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heshan,_Guangdong" title="Heshan, Guangdong">Heshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enping" title="Enping">Enping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lianjiang,_Guangdong" title="Lianjiang, Guangdong">Lianjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leizhou" title="Leizhou">Leizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuchuan,_Guangdong" title="Wuchuan, Guangdong">Wuchuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaozhou" title="Gaozhou">Gaozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huazhou,_Guangdong" title="Huazhou, Guangdong">Huazhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyi,_Guangdong" title="Xinyi, Guangdong">Xinyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihui" title="Sihui">Sihui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xingning,_Guangdong" title="Xingning, Guangdong">Xingning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufeng,_Guangdong" title="Lufeng, Guangdong">Lufeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangchun" title="Yangchun">Yangchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingde" title="Yingde">Yingde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lianzhou" title="Lianzhou">Lianzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puning" title="Puning">Puning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luoding" title="Luoding">Luoding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cenxi" title="Cenxi">Cenxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongxing,_Guangxi" title="Dongxing, Guangxi">Dongxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiping" title="Guiping">Guiping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beiliu" title="Beiliu">Beiliu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingxi,_Guangxi" title="Jingxi, Guangxi">Jingxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_Prefecture_(Guangxi)" title="Yi Prefecture (Guangxi)">Yizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heshan,_Guangxi" title="Heshan, Guangxi">Heshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingxiang,_Guangxi" title="Pingxiang, Guangxi">Pingxiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Wuzhishan*</li> <li>Qionghai*</li> <li>Wenchang*</li> <li>Wanning*</li> <li>Dongfang*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dujiangyan_City" title="Dujiangyan City">Dujiangyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pengzhou" title="Pengzhou">Pengzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qionglai_City" title="Qionglai City">Qionglai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongzhou" title="Chongzhou">Chongzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jianyang,_Sichuan" title="Jianyang, Sichuan">Jianyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanghan" title="Guanghan">Guanghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shifang" title="Shifang">Shifang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianzhu" title="Mianzhu">Mianzhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangyou" title="Jiangyou">Jiangyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emeishan_City" title="Emeishan City">Emeishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langzhong" title="Langzhong">Langzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaying" title="Huaying">Huaying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanyuan" title="Wanyuan">Wanyuan</a></li> <li>Barkam*</li> <li>Kangding*</li> <li>Xichang*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qingzhen" title="Qingzhen">Qingzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chishui_City" title="Chishui City">Chishui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renhuai" title="Renhuai">Renhuai</a></li> <li>Xingyi*</li> <li>Kaili*</li> <li>Duyun*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuquan,_Guizhou" title="Fuquan, Guizhou">Fuquan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anning,_Yunnan" title="Anning, Yunnan">Anning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuanwei" title="Xuanwei">Xuanwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengchong" title="Tengchong">Tengchong</a></li> <li>Chuxiong*</li> <li>Mengzi*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gejiu" title="Gejiu">Gejiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiyuan,_Yunnan" title="Kaiyuan, Yunnan">Kaiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile_City" title="Mile City">Mile</a></li> <li>Wenshan*</li> <li>Jinghong*</li> <li>Dali*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruili" title="Ruili">Ruili</a></li> <li>Mangshi*</li> <li>Lushui*</li> <li>Shangri-La*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>(none)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xingping" title="Xingping">Xingping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hancheng" title="Hancheng">Hancheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huayin" title="Huayin">Huayin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yumen_City" title="Yumen City">Yumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunhuang" title="Dunhuang">Dunhuang</a></li> <li>Linxia*</li> <li>Hezuo*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Yushu*</li> <li>Golmud*</li> <li>Delingha*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia">Ningxia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingwu" title="Lingwu">Lingwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingtongxia" title="Qingtongxia">Qingtongxia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Changji*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukang" title="Fukang">Fukang</a></li> <li>Bole*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alashankou" title="Alashankou">Alashankou</a></li> <li>Korla*</li> <li>Aksu*</li> <li>Artush*</li> <li>Kashgar*</li> <li>Hotan*</li> <li>Yining*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuytun" title="Kuytun">Kuytun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorgas" class="mw-redirect" title="Khorgas">Korgas</a></li> <li>Tacheng*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wusu" title="Wusu">Wusu</a></li> <li>Altay*</li> <li>Shihezi*</li> <li>Aral*</li> <li>Tumxuk*</li> <li>Wujiaqu*</li> <li>Beitun*</li> <li>Tiemenguan*</li> <li>Shuanghe*</li> <li>Kokdala*</li> <li>Kunyu*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">Taiwan</a></i><sup>5</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>(none)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Notes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-size:85%;">Notes</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">* Indicates this city has already occurred above.<br /> <p><sup>a</sup><a href="/wiki/Direct-administered_municipalities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-administered municipalities of China">Direct-administered municipalities</a>. <sup>b</sup><a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_division" title="Sub-provincial division">Sub-provincial cities as provincial capitals</a>. <sup>c</sup><a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_division" title="Sub-provincial division">Separate state-planning cities</a>. <sup>1</sup><a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zones_of_China" title="Special economic zones of China">Special economic-zone cities</a>. <sup>2</sup><a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zones_of_China" title="Special economic zones of China">Open coastal cities</a>.<br /> <sup>3</sup>Prefecture capital status established by Heilongjiang Province and not recognized by Ministry of Civil Affairs. Disputed by <a href="/wiki/Oroqen_Autonomous_Banner" title="Oroqen Autonomous Banner">Oroqen Autonomous Banner</a>, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia as part of it.<br /> <sup>4</sup>Only administers islands and waters in South China Sea and have no urban core comparable to typical cities in China.<br /> <sup>5</sup>The claimed province of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">Taiwan</a> no longer have any internal division announced by Ministry of Civil Affairs of PRC, due to lack of actual jurisdiction. See <a href="/wiki/Template:Administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="Template:Administrative divisions of Taiwan">Template:Administrative divisions of Taiwan</a> instead.<br /> </p> All provincial capitals are listed first in prefecture-level cities by province.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Economic_Development_Zones_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Special_economic_zones_of_China" title="Template:Special economic zones of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Special_economic_zones_of_China" title="Template talk:Special economic zones of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Special_economic_zones_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Special economic zones of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Economic_Development_Zones_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zones" title="National Economic and Technological Development Zones">Economic Development Zones</a> of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zones_of_China" title="Special economic zones of China">Special Economic Zones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashgar" title="Kashgar">Kashgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantou" title="Shantou">Shantou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiamen" title="Xiamen">Xiamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuhai" title="Zhuhai">Zhuhai</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lujiazui_skyline,_Pudong,_Shanghai.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Lujiazui skyline, Pudong, Shanghai"><img alt="Lujiazui skyline, Pudong, Shanghai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Lujiazui_skyline%2C_Pudong%2C_Shanghai.JPG/80px-Lujiazui_skyline%2C_Pudong%2C_Shanghai.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Lujiazui_skyline%2C_Pudong%2C_Shanghai.JPG/120px-Lujiazui_skyline%2C_Pudong%2C_Shanghai.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Lujiazui_skyline%2C_Pudong%2C_Shanghai.JPG/160px-Lujiazui_skyline%2C_Pudong%2C_Shanghai.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Open Coastal Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dalian" title="Dalian">Dalian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinhuangdao" title="Qinhuangdao">Qinhuangdao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantai" title="Yantai">Yantai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lianyungang" title="Lianyungang">Lianyungang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantong" title="Nantong">Nantong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wenzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou" title="Fuzhou">Fuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhanjiang" title="Zhanjiang">Zhanjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beihai" title="Beihai">Beihai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/242206862">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4269760-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wenzhou (China)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge1238300&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/27e6f64b-da2a-41ce-b19e-f81e58b84949">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&oldid=1257562868">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wenzhou&oldid=1257562868</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wenzhou" title="Category:Wenzhou">Wenzhou</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_in_Zhejiang" title="Category:Cities in Zhejiang">Cities in Zhejiang</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jiangnan" 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