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Miocene</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: late Miocene"> <meta name="keywords" content="late Miocene"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="late Miocene"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 875</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: late Miocene</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">635</span> Restrained Shrinkage Behavior of Self Consolidating Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boudjelthia%20Radhwane">Boudjelthia Radhwane </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Self-compacting concrete (SCC) developed in Japan in the late 80s has enabled the construction industry to reduce demand on the resources, improve the work condition and also reduce the impact of environment by elimination of the need for compaction. The shrinkage of concrete is the main cause of cracking in bridge decks. Bridge decks tend to be restrained from shrinkage, and this restraint along with other factors causes the bridge to crack. The characteristics of SCC under restrained shrinkage are important to understand in order to predict the cracking behavior in actual structures. Restrained shrinkage testing is done in accordance to AASHTO testing protocol. The free shrinkage performance and cracking behavior were reported and compared when changing the sand to aggregate ratio and the water to cement ratio. The results of free shrinkage show that when a mix design has higher free shrinkage, it will crack in restrained shrinkage earlier than a mix with lower free shrinkage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20mix" title="concrete mix">concrete mix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracking%20behavior" title=" cracking behavior"> cracking behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restrained%20shrinkage" title=" restrained shrinkage"> restrained shrinkage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compacting%20concrete" title=" self compacting concrete"> self compacting concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29974/restrained-shrinkage-behavior-of-self-consolidating-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">634</span> The Social and Economic Discourse of Roberto Cochrane Simonsen: The Presence of Americanism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maxwel%20F.%20Silva">Maxwel F. Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Geraldo%20Pedrosa"> José Geraldo Pedrosa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The issue revolves around the discourse on development that was current in Brazil in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century and its relation to industrialization as idea of civility, modernity and progress. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the workmanship of the visionary entrepreneur and organic intellectual Roberto Cochrane Simonsen (1889-1948). In the set of speeches, lectures and conferences pronounced by Simonsen, the USA constantly appears like model of civilization. The hypothesis is that, as base of the proposals of industrialization defended by him there was an idea of Americanism that would serve of foundation to a way of thinking and acting. For Simonsen, the construction of a nation is directly related to its industrialization. In his thought, develop the Brazil means to structure the country with rational economic mechanisms. This paper investigates the American influences on the discourse of Simonsen about the development of Brazil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Americanism" title="Americanism">Americanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20of%20Brazil" title=" development of Brazil"> development of Brazil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simonsen" title=" Simonsen"> Simonsen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20discourse" title=" social discourse"> social discourse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18105/the-social-and-economic-discourse-of-roberto-cochrane-simonsen-the-presence-of-americanism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">633</span> Characterization of Pigments in an Egyptian Icon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Abd%20Elfattah%20Ibraheem%20Elghrbawy">Mohamed Abd Elfattah Ibraheem Elghrbawy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Icons are a significant group of cultural heritage objects that deserve to be maintained and conserved, as these ions are performed according to religious standards and norms. The ideal structure of icons is five strata, the lower layer is a wood plate, and the upper layer is the varnish layer that is exposed to photo-oxidation, that is turned into a fragile yellow layer. In addition, the components of the icons are important in dating these ions, so X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) patterns were used. SEM-EDX pattern revealed that the red pigment was vermillion (HgS), that was used in the late period, with a slight difference from the synthesized pigment. Pigments were subjected to chromatic alteration due to different agents, such as microbial agents and pollutants, in particular SO₂, whereas the pigment-based pigments are more sensitive. Moreover, cleaning, varnish removal, and retouching are important processes in the conservation of icons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title="conservation">conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage" title=" cultural heritage"> cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egyptian%20icon" title=" Egyptian icon"> Egyptian icon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pigments" title=" pigments"> pigments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167815/characterization-of-pigments-in-an-egyptian-icon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167815.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">632</span> Philosophical Interpretations of Spells in the Imperial Chinese Buddhism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saiping%20An">Saiping An</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The spells in Chinese Buddhism are often regarded by current scholarship as syllables with mystical power, as a ritual and practice of oral chanting, or as texts engraved on cultural relics. This study hopes to point out that the spell as a kind of behavior and material also provokes the believers to interpret its soteriology with various Buddhist doctrines and philosophies. It will analyze Mahāvairocana Tantra which is the main classic of the tradition regarded by the academic circles as 'Esoteric Buddhism', two annotations of these scriptures composed in the Tang and Liao Dynasty respectively, as well as some works of monks and lay Buddhists in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It aims to illustrate that spells in Chinese Buddhism are not simply magical voices and the words engraved on the cultural relics; they have also enriched the doctrines and thoughts of Chinese Buddhism. Their nature and soteriological methods are far more abundant than current academic circles have revealed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spell" title="spell">spell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20Buddhism" title=" Chinese Buddhism"> Chinese Buddhism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philosophy" title=" philosophy"> philosophy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhist%20doctrines" title=" Buddhist doctrines"> Buddhist doctrines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108168/philosophical-interpretations-of-spells-in-the-imperial-chinese-buddhism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">631</span> Revolution through Rhythm: Anti Caste and Subaltern Dimensions in Indian Rap</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nithin%20Raj%20Adithyan">Nithin Raj Adithyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rap music is a popular genre that features strong beats and rhythmic words. It was created by American disc jockeys and urban Black performers in the late 1970s. Additionally, it carries on West African oral traditions that were introduced to the Americas by Africans who were held as slaves and have impacted the narrative and rhythmic components of rap. Initially introduced in India in the late 1990s as mere entertainment, rap lacked the politicized undertones that it developed in the United States. However, recent years have witnessed a transformation, with Indian rap evolving into a vital tool for marginalized communities—particularly Dalits, Muslims, and tribal groups—to voice grievances against historical injustices, systemic discrimination, and caste-based oppression. This paper examines Indian rap's evolution into a potent medium for subaltern resistance, drawing from its origins in the black ghettos of America, where rap emerged as social commentary and an anti-racial political voice. Historically, music has served as an essential medium for subaltern groups in India to assert their identities and reclaim agency. Indian rap, in its current form, amplifies this function by offering a compelling platform to address issues of caste oppression, socio-economic marginalization, and symbolic exclusion. This paper examines how contemporary Indian rappers, often from Dalit and lower-caste backgrounds, leverage their art to confront systemic injustices and amplify voices that have historically been silenced. By analyzing key artists and their lyrics, this paper highlights the ways in which rap critiques the pervasive caste system, challenges social hierarchies, and fosters a sense of identity and solidarity among subaltern groups. This study uses Gayatri Spivak’s concept of “strategic essentialism” to explore how Indian rap fosters shared subaltern identity, uniting voices across regional and cultural divides. By situating Indian rap within the global hip-hop movement, the paper highlights how it contributes a unique perspective to global narratives of resilience and resistance, adapting international influences to articulate local struggles. Ultimately, this research highlights Indian rap’s role as a catalyst for change, examining its critique of caste violence, economic marginalization, and social exclusion and demonstrating how it contributes to the anti-caste movement. Through a close reading of this subaltern dimension of rap, the paper illuminates how Indian rap fosters identity, solidarity, and resistance, affirming the genre’s potential as a transformative force within the global legacy of hip-hop as an expression of subaltern agency and social dissent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caste%20oppression" title="caste oppression">caste oppression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip-hop%2Frap" title=" hip-hop/rap"> hip-hop/rap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subaltern" title=" subaltern"> subaltern</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193536/revolution-through-rhythm-anti-caste-and-subaltern-dimensions-in-indian-rap" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">14</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">630</span> Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in a Medical Intensive Care Unit, Incidence and Risk Factors: A Case Control Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammar%20Asma">Ammar Asma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouafia%20Nabiha"> Bouafia Nabiha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Cheikh%20Asma"> Ben Cheikh Asma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezzi%20Olfa"> Ezzi Olfa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahjoub%20Mohamed"> Mahjoub Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sma%20Nesrine"> Sma Nesrine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chouch%C3%A8ne%20Imed"> Chouchène Imed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boussarsar%20Hamadi"> Boussarsar Hamadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Njah%20Mansour"> Njah Mansour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is currently recognized as one of the most relevant causes of morbidity and mortality among intensive care unit (ICU) patients worldwide. Identifying modifiable risk factors for VAP could be helpful for future controlled interventional studies aiming at improving prevention of VAP. The purposes of this study were to determine the incidence and risk factors for VAP in in a Tunisian medical ICU. Materials / Methods: A retrospective case-control study design based on the prospective database collected over a 14-month period from September 15th, 2015 through November 15th, 2016 in an 8-bed medical ICU. Patients under ventilation for over 48 h were included. The number of cases was estimated by Epi-info Software with the power of statistical test equal to 90 %. Each case patient was successfully matched to two controls according to the length of mechanical ventilation (MV) before VAP for cases and the total length of MV in controls. VAP in the ICU was defined according to American Thoracic Society; Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines. Early onset or late-onset VAP were defined whether the infectious process occurred within or after 96 h of ICU admission. Patients’ risk factors, causes of admission, comorbidities and respiratory specimens collected were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine variables associated with VAP with a p-value < 0.05. Results: During the period study, a total of 169 patients under mechanical ventilation were considered, 34 patients (20.11%) developed at least one episode of VAP in the ICU. The incidence rate for VAP was 14.88/1000 ventilation days. Among these cases, 9 (26.5 %) were early-onset VAP and 25 (73.5 %) were late-onset VAP. It was a certain diagnosis in 66.7% of cases. Tracheal aspiration was positive in 80% of cases. Multi-drug resistant Acinerobacter baumanii was the most common species detected in cases; 67.64% (n=23). The rate of mortality out of cases was 88.23% (n= 30). In univariate analysis, the patients with VAP were statistically more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases (p=0.035) and prolonged duration of sedation (p=0.009) and tracheostomy (p=0.001), they also had a higher number of re-intubation (p=0.017) and a longer total time of intubation (p=0.012). Multivariate analysis showed that cardiovascular diseases (OR= 4.44; 95% IC= [1.3 - 14]; p=0.016), tracheostomy (OR= 4.2; 95% IC= [1.16 -15.12]; p= 0.028) and prolonged duration of sedation (OR=1.21; 95% IC= [1.07, 1.36]; p=0.002) were independent risk factors for the development of VAP. Conclusion: VAP constitutes a therapeutic challenge in an ICU setting, therefore; strategies that effectively prevent VAP are needed. An infection control-training program intended to all professional heath care in this unit insisting on bundles and elaboration of procedures are planned to reduce effectively incidence rate of VAP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20control%20study" title="case control study">case control study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensive%20care%20unit" title=" intensive care unit"> intensive care unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ventilator%20associated%20pneumonia" title=" ventilator associated pneumonia"> ventilator associated pneumonia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65606/ventilator-associated-pneumonia-in-a-medical-intensive-care-unit-incidence-and-risk-factors-a-case-control-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">629</span> Cognitive Mechanisms of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Depressed Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Rumination and Autobiographical Memory Specificity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wai%20Yan%20Shih">Wai Yan Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sau%20Man%20Wong"> Sau Man Wong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wing%20Chung%20Chang"> Wing Chung Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wai%20Chi%20Chan"> Wai Chi Chan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Late-life depression is associated with significant consequences. Although symptomatic reduction is achievable through pharmacological interventions, older adults are more vulnerable to the side effects than their younger counterparts. In addition, drugs do not address underlying cognitive dysfunctions such as rumination and reduced autobiographical memory specificity (AMS), both shown to be maladaptive coping styles that are associated with a poorer prognosis in depression. Considering how aging is accompanied by cognitive, psychological and physical changes, the interplay of these age-related factors may potentially aggravate and interfere with these depressive cognitive dysfunctions in late-life depression. Special care should, therefore, be drawn to ensure these cognitive dysfunctions are adequately addressed. Aim: This randomized controlled trial aims to examine the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on depressed older adults, and whether the potential benefits of MBCT are mediated by improvements in rumination and AMS. Method: Fifty-seven participants with an average age of 70 years old were recruited from multiple elderly centers and online mailing lists. Participants were assessed with: (1) Hamilton depression scale, (2) ruminative response scale, (3) autobiographical memory test, (4) mindful attention awareness scale, and (5) Montreal cognitive assessment. Eligible participants with mild to moderate depressive symptoms and normal cognitive functioning were randomly allocated to an 8-week MBCT group or active control group consisting of a low-intensity exercise program and health education. Post-intervention assessments were conducted after the 8-week program. Ethics approval was given by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Hong Kong/Hospital Authority. Results: Mixed-factorials ANOVAs demonstrated significant time x group interaction effects for depressive symptoms, AMS, and dispositional mindfulness. A marginally significant interaction effect was found for rumination. Simple effect analyses revealed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms for the both the MBCT group (mean difference = 7.1, p = .000), and control group (mean difference = 2.7, p = .023). However, only participants in the MBCT group demonstrated improvements in rumination, AMS, and dispositional mindfulness. Bootstrapping-based mediation analyses showed that the effect of MBCT in alleviating depressive symptoms was only mediated by the reduction in rumination. Conclusions: The findings support the use of MBCT as an effective intervention for depressed older adults, considering the improvements in depressive symptoms, rumination, AMS and dispositional mindfulness despite their age. Reduction in ruminative tendencies plays a major role in the cognitive mechanism of MBCT. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mindfulness-based%20cognitive%20therapy" title="mindfulness-based cognitive therapy">mindfulness-based cognitive therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=older%20adults" title=" older adults"> older adults</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rumination" title=" rumination"> rumination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autobiographical%20memory%20specificity" title=" autobiographical memory specificity"> autobiographical memory specificity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101925/cognitive-mechanisms-of-mindfulness-based-cognitive-therapy-on-depressed-older-adults-the-mediating-role-of-rumination-and-autobiographical-memory-specificity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">628</span> Good Functional Outcome after Late Surgical Treatment for Traumatic Rotator Cuff Tear, a Retrospective Cohort Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soheila%20Zhaeentan">Soheila Zhaeentan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anders%20Von%20Heijne"> Anders Von Heijne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elisabet%20Hagert"> Elisabet Hagert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Stark"> André Stark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bj%C3%B6rn%20Salomonsson"> Björn Salomonsson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recommended treatment for traumatic rotator cuff tear (TRCT) is surgery within a few weeks after injury if the diagnosis is made early, especially if a functional impairment of the shoulder exists. This may lead to the assumption that a poor outcome then can be expected in delayed surgical treatment, when the patient is diagnosed at a later stage. The aim of this study was to investigate if a surgical repair later than three months after injury may result in successful outcomes and patient satisfaction. There is evidence in literature that good results of treatment can be expected up to three months after the injury, but little is known of later treatment with cuff repair. 73 patients (75 shoulders), 58 males/17 females, mean age 59 (range 34-‐72), who had undergone surgical intervention for TRCT between January 1999 to December 2011 at our clinic, were included in this study. Patients were assessed by MRI investigation, clinical examination, Western Ontario Rotator Cuff index (WORC), Oxford Shoulder Score, Constant-‐Murley Score, EQ-‐5D and patient subjective satisfaction at follow-‐up. The patients treated surgically within three months ( < 12 weeks) after injury (39 cases) were compared with patients treated more than three months ( ≥ 12 weeks) after injury (36 cases). WORC was used as the primary outcome measure and the other variables as secondary. A senior consultant radiologist, blinded to patient category and clinical outcome, evaluated all MRI-‐images. Rotator cuff integrity, presence of arthritis, fatty degeneration and muscle atrophy was evaluated in all cases. The average follow-‐up time was 56 months (range 14-‐149) and the average time from injury to repair was 16 weeks (range 3-‐104). No statistically significant differences were found for any of the assessed parameters or scores between the two groups. The mean WORC score was 77 (early group, range 25-‐ 100 and late group, range 27-‐100) for both groups (p= 0.86), Constant-‐Murley Score (p= 0.91), Oxford Shoulder Score (p= 0.79), EQ-‐5D index (p= 0.86). Re-‐tear frequency was 24% for both groups, and the patients with re-‐tear reported less satisfaction with outcome. Discussion and conclusion: This study shows that surgical repair of TRCT performed later than three months after injury may result in good functional outcomes and patient satisfaction. However, this does not motivate an intentional delay in surgery when there is an indication for surgical repair as that delay may adversely affect the possibility to perform a repair. Our results show that surgeons may safely consider surgical repair even if a delay in diagnosis has occurred. A retrospective cohort study on 75 shoulders shows good functional result after traumatic rotator cuff tear (TRCT) treated surgically up to one year after the injury. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traumatic%20rotator%20cuff%20injury" title="traumatic rotator cuff injury">traumatic rotator cuff injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20to%20surgery" title=" time to surgery"> time to surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20outcome" title=" surgical outcome"> surgical outcome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retrospective%20cohort%20study" title=" retrospective cohort study"> retrospective cohort study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6140/good-functional-outcome-after-late-surgical-treatment-for-traumatic-rotator-cuff-tear-a-retrospective-cohort-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6140.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">627</span> Ideological Manipulations and Cultural-Norm Constraints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Hassanzade%20Novin">Masoud Hassanzade Novin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahloul%20Salmani"> Bahloul Salmani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Translation cannot be considered as a simple linguistic act. Through the rise of descriptive approach in the late 1970s and 1980s, translation process managed to meet the requirements of social aspects as well as linguistic approaches. To have the translation considered as the cross-cultural communication through which various cultures communicate in ideological and cultural constraints, the contrastive analysis was conducted in this paper to reveal the distortions imposed in the translated texts. The corpus of the study involved the novel 1984 written by George Orwell and its Persian translated texts which were analyzed through the qualitative type of the research based on critical discourse analysis (CDA) and Toury's norms as well as Lefever's concepts of ideology. Results of the study revealed the point that ideology and the cultural constraints were considered as an important stimulus which can control the process of the translation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20discourse%20analysis" title="critical discourse analysis">critical discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideology" title=" ideology"> ideology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=norms" title=" norms"> norms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translated%20texts" title=" translated texts"> translated texts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62762/ideological-manipulations-and-cultural-norm-constraints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">626</span> The Relationship between Quality of Work and Employment, Self-Perceived Health and Use of Health Services among the Older Japanese Workforce</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacques%20Wels">Jacques Wels</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Japan has one of the highest average retirement ages within the OCDE and is paving the way to raise the retirement age to 70. However, the Japanese labour market is facing two main issues that can have detrimental effects on health: non-standard employment forms are widespread among the ageing workforce, and poor working conditions can contribute to explain poor health in late career. To assess such a relationship, the study uses data from JSTAR. Using mediation analysis, it particularly looks at the association between job dissatisfaction, employment status, self-perceived health (SPH), and use of health care services. Results show that work quality and employment status are associated with SPH. Contract work has a particularly negative impact and therefore contributes to explain the use of health care services but is not significantly associated with lower job satisfaction levels. SPH is a good predictor of the use of health care services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-reported%20health" title="self-reported health">self-reported health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20health" title=" occupational health"> occupational health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment" title=" employment"> employment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=older%20workers" title=" older workers"> older workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mediation" title=" mediation"> mediation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141836/the-relationship-between-quality-of-work-and-employment-self-perceived-health-and-use-of-health-services-among-the-older-japanese-workforce" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">625</span> Correlation between Electromyographic and Textural Parameters for Different Textured Indian Foods Using Principal Component Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Rustagi">S. Rustagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20S.%20Sodhi"> N. S. Sodhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Dhillon"> B. Dhillon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Kaur"> T. Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to check whether there is any relationship between electromyographic (EMG) and textural parameters during food texture evaluation. In this study, a total of eighteen mastication variables were measured for entire mastication, per chew mastication and three different stages of mastication (viz. early, middle and late) by EMG for five different foods using eight human subjects. Cluster analysis was used to reduce the number of mastication variables from 18 to 5, so that principal component analysis (PCA) could be applied on them. The PCA further resulted in two meaningful principal components. The principal component scores for each food were measured and correlated with five textural parameters (viz. hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness, gumminess and adhesiveness). Correlation coefficients were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.10) for cohesiveness and adhesiveness while if we reduce the significance level (p < 0.20) then chewiness also showed correlation with mastication parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromyography" title="electromyography">electromyography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mastication" title=" mastication"> mastication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory" title=" sensory"> sensory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture" title=" texture"> texture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85029/correlation-between-electromyographic-and-textural-parameters-for-different-textured-indian-foods-using-principal-component-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">624</span> Urban Growth Outside the Walled City of Tripoli, Libya: Two Colonial Approaches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fathia%20Elmenghawi">Fathia Elmenghawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The transformation of cities under colonial rule has received a great deal of scholarly work. Colonizers interpret their colonies differently and many urban and planning approaches can be traced. This paper focuses on the colonial approaches of urban expansion in the city of Tripoli, Libya during two colonial periods, the late Ottomans and the Italians, from the 1830s to 1940s. Both had perceived their approaches to the city’s expansion as means of practicing dominance over the colonized under the disguise of facilitating the process of modernization of the city. This research uses a historical method that based on archival documents such as maps, photos, and publications to uncover the planning practices followed by the two colonizers. The findings indicate that despite the similar intentions that both colonizers had when they expanded the city, one striking difference was distinguished, which is how the Ottomans and the Italians planned to treat the Walled City as, respectively, either a context for expansion or as merely remains to marginalize. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonial%20urban%20planning" title="colonial urban planning">colonial urban planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Italian%20colonization" title=" Italian colonization"> Italian colonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ottoman%20provinces" title=" Ottoman provinces"> Ottoman provinces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walled%20city" title=" walled city"> walled city</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117640/urban-growth-outside-the-walled-city-of-tripoli-libya-two-colonial-approaches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">623</span> Unlocking New Room of Production in Brown Field; ‎Integration of Geological Data Conditioned 3D Reservoir ‎Modelling of Lower Senonian Matulla Formation, RAS ‎Budran Field, East Central Gulf of Suez, Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nader%20Mohamed">Nader Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Late Cretaceous deposits are well developed through-out Egypt. This is due to a ‎transgression phase associated with the subsidence caused by the neo-Tethyan rift event that ‎took place across the northern margin of Africa, resulting in a period of dominantly marine ‎deposits in the Gulf of Suez. The Late Cretaceous Nezzazat Group represents the Cenomanian, ‎Turonian and clastic sediments of the Lower Senonian. The Nezzazat Group has been divided ‎into four formations namely, from base to top, the Raha Formation, the Abu Qada Formation, ‎the Wata Formation and the Matulla Formation. The Cenomanian Raha and the Lower Senonian ‎Matulla formations are the most important clastic sequence in the Nezzazat Group because they ‎provide the highest net reservoir thickness and the highest net/gross ratio. This study emphasis ‎on Matulla formation located in the eastern part of the Gulf of Suez. The three stratigraphic ‎surface sections (Wadi Sudr, Wadi Matulla and Gabal Nezzazat) which represent the exposed ‎Coniacian-Santonian sediments in Sinai are used for correlating Matulla sediments of Ras ‎Budran field. Cutting description, petrographic examination, log behaviors, biostratigraphy with ‎outcrops are used to identify the reservoir characteristics, lithology, facies environment logs and ‎subdivide the Matulla formation into three units. The lower unit is believed to be the main ‎reservoir where it consists mainly of sands with shale and sandy carbonates, while the other ‎units are mainly carbonate with some streaks of shale and sand. Reservoir modeling is an ‎effective technique that assists in reservoir management as decisions concerning development ‎and depletion of hydrocarbon reserves, So It was essential to model the Matulla reservoir as ‎accurately as possible in order to better evaluate, calculate the reserves and to determine the ‎most effective way of recovering as much of the petroleum economically as possible. All ‎available data on Matulla formation are used to build the reservoir structure model, lithofacies, ‎porosity, permeability and water saturation models which are the main parameters that describe ‎the reservoirs and provide information on effective evaluation of the need to develop the oil ‎potentiality of the reservoir. This study has shown the effectiveness of; 1) the integration of ‎geological data to evaluate and subdivide Matulla formation into three units. 2) Lithology and ‎facies environment interpretation which helped in defining the nature of deposition of Matulla ‎formation. 3) The 3D reservoir modeling technology as a tool for adequate understanding of the ‎spatial distribution of property and in addition evaluating the unlocked new reservoir areas of ‎Matulla formation which have to be drilled to investigate and exploit the un-drained oil. 4) This ‎study led to adding a new room of production and additional reserves to Ras Budran field. ‎ <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geology" title="geology">geology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20and%20gas" title=" oil and gas"> oil and gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geoscience" title=" geoscience"> geoscience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequence%20stratigraphy" title=" sequence stratigraphy"> sequence stratigraphy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147535/unlocking-new-room-of-production-in-brown-field-integration-of-geological-data-conditioned-3d-reservoir-modelling-of-lower-senonian-matulla-formation-ras-budran-field-east-central-gulf-of-suez-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">622</span> A Critical Discourse Analysis: Embedded Inequalities in the UK Disability Social Security System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cara%20Williams">Cara Williams</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2006, the UK Labour government published a Green Paper introducing Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) as a replacement for Incapacity Benefit (IB), as well as a new Work Capability Assessment (WCA); signalling a controversial political and economic shift in disability welfare policy. In 2016, the Conservative government published Improving Lives: The Work, Health, and Disability Green Paper, as part of their social reform agenda, evidently to address the ‘injustice’ of the ‘disability employment gap’. This paper contextualises ESA in the wider ideology and rhetoric of ‘welfare to work’, ‘dependency’ and ‘responsibility’. Using the British ‘social model of disability’ as a theoretical framework, the study engages in a critical discourse analysis of these two Green Papers. By uncovering the medicalised conceptions embedded in the texts, the analysis has revealed ESA is linked with late capitalisms concern with the ‘disability category’. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title="disability">disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment" title=" employment"> employment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20security" title=" social security"> social security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welfare" title=" welfare"> welfare</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97659/a-critical-discourse-analysis-embedded-inequalities-in-the-uk-disability-social-security-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">621</span> Phylogenetic Study of L1 Protein Human Papillomavirus Type 16 From Cervical Cancer Patients in Bandung</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fitri%20Rahmi%20Fadhilah">Fitri Rahmi Fadhilah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edhyana%20Sahiratmadja"> Edhyana Sahiratmadja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ani%20Melani%20Maskoen"> Ani Melani Maskoen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ratu%20Safitri"> Ratu Safitri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supartini%20Syarif"> Supartini Syarif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herman%20Susanto"> Herman Susanto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women after breast cancer. In Indonesia, the incidence of cervical cancer cases is estimated at 25-40 per 100,000 women per year. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical cancer, and HPV-16 is the most common genotype that infects the cervical tissue. The major late protein L1 may be associated with infectivity and pathogenicity and its variation can be used to classify HPV isolates. The aim of this study was to determine the phylogenetic tree of HPV 16 L1 gene from cervical cancer patient isolates in Bandung. After confirming HPV-16 by Linear Array Genotyping Test, L1 gene was amplified using specific primers and subject for sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that HPV 16 from Bandung was in the subgroup of Asia and East Asia, showing the close host-agent relationship among the Asian type. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L1%20HPV%2016" title="L1 HPV 16">L1 HPV 16</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20cancer" title=" cervical cancer"> cervical cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bandung" title=" bandung"> bandung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogenetic" title=" phylogenetic"> phylogenetic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6541/phylogenetic-study-of-l1-protein-human-papillomavirus-type-16-from-cervical-cancer-patients-in-bandung" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6541.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">620</span> Development of a Nurse Led Tranexamic Acid Administration Protocol for Trauma Patients in Rural South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Wearmouth">Christopher Wearmouth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacob%20Smith"> Jacob Smith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces all-cause mortality in trauma patients when given within 3 hours of injury. Due to geographical distance and lack of emergency medical services patients often present late, following trauma, to our emergency department. Additionally, we found patients that may have benefited from TXA did not receive it, often due to lack of staff awareness, staff shortages out of hours and lack of equipment for delivering infusions. Our objective was to develop a protocol for nurse-led administration of TXA in the emergency department. We developed a protocol using physiological observations along with criteria from the South African Triage Scale to allow nursing staff to identify patients with, or at risk of, significant haemorrhage. We will monitor the use of the protocol to ensure appropriate compliance and for any adverse events reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20department" title="emergency department">emergency department</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20nursing" title=" emergency nursing"> emergency nursing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20healthcare" title=" rural healthcare"> rural healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tranexamic%20acid" title=" tranexamic acid"> tranexamic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triage" title=" triage"> triage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75645/development-of-a-nurse-led-tranexamic-acid-administration-protocol-for-trauma-patients-in-rural-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">619</span> Effect of Mangrove Forests in Coastal Flood and Erosion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Samiee%20Zenoozian">Majid Samiee Zenoozian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studies the susceptibility of local settlements in the gulf of Oman mangrove forest zone to flooding and progressesconsiderate of acuities and reactions to historical and present coastal flooding.it is indirect thaterosionsproduced in coastal zones by the change of mangrove undergrowthsubsequent from the enduring influence of persons since the late 19th century. Confronted with the increasing impact of climate change on climate ambitiousalarms such as flooding and biodiversity damage, handling the relationship between mangroves and their atmosphere has become authoritative for their defense. Coastal flood dangers are increasing quickly. We offer high resolution approximations of the financial value of mangroves forests for flood risk discount. We progress a probabilistic, process-based estimate of the properties of mangroves on avoidanceharms to people and property. More significantly, it also establishes how the incessantsqualor of this significant ecosystem has the potential to unfavorably influence the future cyclone persuadeddangers in the area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mangrove%20forest" title="mangrove forest">mangrove forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal" title=" coastal"> coastal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood" title=" flood"> flood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion" title=" erosion"> erosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149456/effect-of-mangrove-forests-in-coastal-flood-and-erosion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">618</span> Reinforced Concrete, Problems and Solutions: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Alhamad">Omar Alhamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Eid"> Waleed Eid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reinforced concrete is a concrete lined with steel so that the materials work together in the resistance forces. Reinforcement rods or mesh are used for tensile, shear, and sometimes intense pressure in a concrete structure. Reinforced concrete is subject to many natural problems or industrial errors. The result of these problems is that it reduces the efficiency of the reinforced concrete or its usefulness. Some of these problems are cracks, earthquakes, high temperatures or fires, as well as corrosion of reinforced iron inside reinforced concrete. There are also factors of ancient buildings or monuments that require some techniques to preserve them. This research presents some general information about reinforced concrete, the pros and cons of reinforced concrete, and then presents a series of literary studies of some of the late published researches on the subject of reinforced concrete and how to preserve it, propose solutions or treatments for the treatment of reinforced concrete problems, raise efficiency and quality for a longer period. These studies have provided advanced and modern methods and techniques in the field of reinforced concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete" title="reinforced concrete">reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic" title=" seismic"> seismic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracks" title=" cracks"> cracks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110089/reinforced-concrete-problems-and-solutions-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">617</span> The Neuropsychology of Autism and ADHD</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anvikshaa%20Bisen">Anvikshaa Bisen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krish%20Makkar"> Krish Makkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Professionals misdiagnose autism by ticking off symptoms on a checklist without questioning the causes of said symptoms, and without understanding the innate neurophysiology of the autistic brain. A dysfunctional cingulate gyrus (CG) hyperfocuses attention in the left frontal lobe (logical/analytical) with no ability to access the right frontal lobe (emotional/creative), which plays a central role in spontaneity, social behavior, and nonverbal abilities. Autistic people live in a specialized inner space that is entirely intellectual, free from emotional and social distractions. They have no innate biological way of emotionally connecting with other people. Autistic people process their emotions intellectually, a process that can take 24 hours, by which time it is too late to have felt anything. An inactive amygdala makes it impossible for autistic people to experience fear. Because they do not feel emotion, they have no emotional memories. All memories are of events that happened about which they felt no emotion at the time and feel no emotion when talking about it afterward. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism" title="autism">autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asperger" title=" Asperger"> Asperger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asd" title=" Asd"> Asd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuropsychology" title=" neuropsychology"> neuropsychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuroscience" title=" neuroscience"> neuroscience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182102/the-neuropsychology-of-autism-and-adhd" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182102.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">616</span> Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete Mixed with Fly Ash</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhinandan%20Singh%20Gill">Abhinandan Singh Gill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurbir%20Kaur%20Jawanda"> Gurbir Kaur Jawanda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the introduction of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) in Japan during the late 1980’s, acceptance and usage of this concrete in the construction industry has been steadily gaining momentum. In the United States, the usage of SCC has been spearheaded by the precast concrete industry. Good SCC must possess the following key fresh properties: filling ability, passing ability, and resistance to segregation. Self-compacting concrete is one of 'the most revolutionary developments' in concrete research; this concrete is able to flow and to fill the most restocked places of the form work without vibration. There are several methods for testing its properties. In the fresh state: the most frequently used are slump flow test, L box and V-funnel. This work presents properties of self-compacting concrete, mixed with fly ash. The test results for acceptance characteristics of self-compacting concrete such as slump flow; V-funnel and L-Box are presented. Further, the compressive strength at the ages of 7, 28 days was also determined and results are included here. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fly%20ash" title=" fly ash"> fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-compacting%20concrete" title=" self-compacting concrete"> self-compacting concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slump%20flow%20test" title=" slump flow test"> slump flow test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20plasticizer" title=" super plasticizer"> super plasticizer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24964/properties-of-self-compacting-concrete-mixed-with-fly-ash" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">615</span> A Geoprocessing Tool for Early Civil Work Notification to Optimize Fiber Optic Cable Installation Cost</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussain%20Adnan%20Alsalman">Hussain Adnan Alsalman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Alhajri"> Khalid Alhajri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Humoud%20Alrashidi"> Humoud Alrashidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkareem%20Almakrami"> Abdulkareem Almakrami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badie%20Alguwaisem"> Badie Alguwaisem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Alshahrani"> Said Alshahrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Alrowaished"> Abdullah Alrowaished</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most of the cost of installing a new fiber optic cable is attributed to civil work-trenching-cost. In many cases, information technology departments receive project proposals in their eReview system, but not all projects are visible to everyone. Additionally, if there was no IT scope in the proposed project, it is not likely to be visible to IT. Sometimes it is too late to add IT scope after project budgets have been finalized. Finally, the eReview system is a repository of PDF files for each project, which commits the reviewer to manual work and limits automation potential. This paper details a solution to address the late notification of the eReview system by integrating IT Sites GIS data-sites locations-with land use permit (LUP) data-civil work activity, which is the first step before securing the required land usage authorizations and means no detailed designs for any relevant project before an approved LUP request. To address the manual nature of eReview system, both the LUP System and IT data are using ArcGIS Desktop, which enables the creation of a geoprocessing tool with either Python or Model Builder to automate finding and evaluating potentially usable LUP requests to reduce trenching between two sites in need of a new FOC. To achieve this, a weekly dump was taken from LUP system production data and loaded manually onto ArcMap Desktop. Then a custom tool was developed in model builder, which consisted of a table of two columns containing all the pairs of sites in need of new fiber connectivity. The tool then iterates all rows of this table, taking the sites’ pair one at a time and finding potential LUPs between them, which satisfies the provided search radius. If a group of LUPs was found, an iterator would go through each LUP to find the required civil work between the two sites and the LUP Polyline feature and the distance through the line, which would be counted as cost avoidance if an IT scope had been added. Finally, the tool will export an Excel file named with sites pair, and it will contain as many rows as the number of LUPs, which met the search radius containing trenching and pulling information and cost. As a result, multiple projects have been identified – historical, missed opportunity, and proposed projects. For the proposed project, the savings were about 75% ($750,000) to install a new fiber with the Euclidean distance between Abqaiq GOSP2 and GOSP3 DCOs. In conclusion, the current tool setup identifies opportunities to bundle civil work on single projects at a time and between two sites. More work is needed to allow the bundling of multiple projects between two sites to achieve even more cost avoidance in both capital cost and carbon footprint. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title="GIS">GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20optic%20cable%20installation%20optimization" title=" fiber optic cable installation optimization"> fiber optic cable installation optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eliminate%20redundant%20civil%20work" title=" eliminate redundant civil work"> eliminate redundant civil work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduce%20carbon%20footprint%20for%20fiber%20optic%20cable%20installation" title=" reduce carbon footprint for fiber optic cable installation"> reduce carbon footprint for fiber optic cable installation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168120/a-geoprocessing-tool-for-early-civil-work-notification-to-optimize-fiber-optic-cable-installation-cost" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">614</span> Water Quality in Buyuk Menderes Graben, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tugbanur%20Ozen%20Balaban">Tugbanur Ozen Balaban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gultekin%20Tarcan"> Gultekin Tarcan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Unsal%20Gemici"> Unsal Gemici</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mumtaz%20Colak"> Mumtaz Colak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Hakki%20Karamanderesi"> I. Hakki Karamanderesi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Buyuk Menderes Graben is located in the Western Anatolia (Turkey). The graben has become the largest industrial and agricultural area with a total population exceeding 3.000.000. There are two big cities within the study areas from west to east as Aydın and Denizli. The study area is very rich with regard to cold ground waters and thermal waters. Electrical production using geothermal potential has become very popular in the last decades in this area. Buyuk Menderes Graben is a tectonically active extensional region and is undergoing a north–south extensional tectonic regime which commenced at the latest during Early Middle Miocene period. The basement of the study area consists of Menderes massif rocks that are made up of high-to low-grade metamorphics and they are aquifer for both cold ground waters and thermal waters depending on the location. Neogene terrestrial sediments, which are mainly composed by alluvium fan deposits unconformably cover the basement rocks in different facies have very low permeability and locally may act as cap rocks for the geothermal systems. The youngest unit is Quaternary alluvium which is the shallow regional aquifer consists of Holocene alluvial deposits in the study area. All the waters are of meteoric origin and reflect shallow or deep circulation according to the 8O, 2H and 3H contents. Meteoric waters move to deep zones by fractured system and rise to the surface along the faults. Water samples (drilling well, spring and surface waters) and local seawater were collected between 2010 and 2012 years. Geochemical modeling was calculated distribution of the aqueous species and exchange processes by using PHREEQCi speciation code. Geochemical analyses show that cold ground water types are evolving from Ca–Mg–HCO3 to Na–Cl–SO4 and geothermal aquifer waters reflect the water types of Na-Cl-HCO3 in Aydın. Water types of Denizli are Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Ca-Mg-HCO3-SO4. Thermal water types reflect generally Na-HCO3-SO4. The B versus Cl rates increase from east to west with the proportion of seawater introduced into the fresh water aquifers and geothermal reservoirs. Concentrations of some elements (As, B, Fe and Ni) are higher than the tolerance limit of the drinking water standard of Turkey (TS 266) and international drinking water standards (WHO, FAO etc). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buyuk%20Menderes" title="Buyuk Menderes">Buyuk Menderes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isotope%20chemistry" title=" isotope chemistry"> isotope chemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geochemical%20modelling" title=" geochemical modelling"> geochemical modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34354/water-quality-in-buyuk-menderes-graben-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">536</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">613</span> Postcolonialism and Feminist Dialogics: Re-Imaging Cultural Exclusion in the Nigerian Feminist Fiction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Dahiru">Muhammad Dahiru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A contestable polemic in postcolonialism is the Western Universalist conception of the people of a vast continent such as Africa as homogenous. Quite often, the postcolonial African woman is seen as an entity in western cultural and literary feminist theorisations. The debate between the so-called western feminist scholarship and the postcolonial/third world feminists that began in the late 1980s focuses on this universalisation of women’s concerns as monolithic. This article argues that the universalising assumption that all women share similar concerns in not only Africa as a continent but even in Nigeria as a country is misleading because of cultural differences. The article is a dialogic reading of Nigerian literature arguing that there is no culturally normative perspective on Nigerian feminist fiction because of the multifaceted and multicultural concerns of women writers from the different cultural regions in the country. The article concludes that this can better be read and appreciated through the lens of M. M. Bakhtin’s theory of dialogism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20exclusion" title="cultural exclusion">cultural exclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dialogics" title=" dialogics"> dialogics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigerian%20feminist%20fiction" title=" Nigerian feminist fiction"> Nigerian feminist fiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postcolonialism" title=" postcolonialism"> postcolonialism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102670/postcolonialism-and-feminist-dialogics-re-imaging-cultural-exclusion-in-the-nigerian-feminist-fiction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">612</span> Late Roman-Byzantine Glass Bracelet Finds at Amorium and Comparison with Other Cultures </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atilla%20Tekin">Atilla Tekin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Amorium was one of the biggest cities of Byzantine Empire, located under and around the modern village of Hisarköy, Emirdağ, Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. It was situated on the routes of trades and Byzantine military road from Constantinople to Cilicia. In addition, it was on the routes of trades and a center of bishopric. After Arab invasion, Amorium gradually lost importance. The research consists of 1372 pieces of glass bracelet finds from mostly at 1998- 2009 excavations. Most of them were found as glass bracelets fragments. The fragments are of various size, forms, colors, and decorations. During the research, they were measured and grouped according to their crossings, at first. After being photographed, they were sketched by Adobe Illustrator and decoupaged by Photoshop. All forms, colors, and decorations were specified and compared to each other. Thus, they have been tried to be dated and uncovered the place of manufacture. The importance of the research is presenting the perception of image and admiration and comparing with other cultures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amorium" title="Amorium">Amorium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20bracelets" title=" glass bracelets"> glass bracelets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image" title=" image"> image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byzantine%20empire" title=" Byzantine empire"> Byzantine empire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jewelry" title=" jewelry "> jewelry </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81884/late-roman-byzantine-glass-bracelet-finds-at-amorium-and-comparison-with-other-cultures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">611</span> A Literature Review of Servant Leadership and Criticism of Advanced Research</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So-Jung%20Kim">So-Jung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Seok%20Kim"> Kyoung-Seok Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeong-Gyeong%20Choi"> Yeong-Gyeong Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although there are many theories and discussion of leadership, the necessity of having a new leadership paradigm was emphasized. The existing leadership characteristic of instruction and control revealed its limitations. Market competition becomes fierce and economic recession never ends worldwide. Of the leadership theories, servant leadership was introduced recently and is in line with the environmental changes of the organization. Servant leadership is a combination of two words, 'servant' and 'leader' and can be defined as the role of the leader who focuses on doing voluntary work for others with altruistic ethics, makes members, customers, and local communities a priority, and makes a commitment to satisfying their needs. This leadership received attention as one field of leadership in the late 1990s and secured its legitimacy. This study discusses the existing research trends of leadership, the concept, behavior characteristics, and lower dimensions of servant leadership, compares servant leadership with the existing leadership researches and diagnoses if servant leadership is a useful concept for further leadership researches. Finally, this study criticizes the limitations in the existing researches on servant leadership. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership%20philosophy" title="leadership philosophy">leadership philosophy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership%20theory" title=" leadership theory"> leadership theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=servant%20leadership" title=" servant leadership"> servant leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20leadership" title=" traditional leadership"> traditional leadership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7738/a-literature-review-of-servant-leadership-and-criticism-of-advanced-research" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">610</span> American Slavery and the Consciousness of Play</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janaka%20B.%20Lewis">Janaka B. Lewis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> “Narratives of Slavery and the Culture of Play” examines how play is discussed in early African American literature by both men and women to illustrate ways that they negotiated the hierarchy and oppression of enslavement. Reading narratives categorized as “slave narratives,” including those written by Frederick Douglass, Harriet Jacobs, and Olaudah Equiano, through the lens of play theory offers an illuminated analysis of the significance of play culture in these texts. It then reads late nineteenth-century play culture (or absence thereof) portrayed in literature as a lens for more contemporary African American oral and literary culture. These discussions of social constructions through literature bridge analyses of African American-authored texts and create a larger conversation about print media as a tool of activism and resistance. This essay also contributes to a larger body of analysis of nineteenth-century African American culture through literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=childhood" title="childhood">childhood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slavery" title=" slavery"> slavery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consciousness%20of%20play" title=" consciousness of play"> consciousness of play</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=19th%20century%20African%20American%20culture" title=" 19th century African American culture"> 19th century African American culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29313/american-slavery-and-the-consciousness-of-play" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">609</span> Societal Impacts of Algorithmic Recommendation System: Economy, International Relations, Political Ideologies, and Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maggie%20Shen">Maggie Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ever since the late 20th century, business giants have been competing to provide better experiences for their users. One way they strive to do so is through more efficiently connecting users with their goals, with recommendation systems that filter out unnecessary or less relevant information. Today’s top online platforms such as Amazon, Netflix, Airbnb, Tiktok, Facebook, and Google all utilize algorithmic recommender systems for different purposes—Product recommendation, movie recommendation, travel recommendation, relationship recommendation, etc. However, while bringing unprecedented convenience and efficiency, the prevalence of algorithmic recommendation systems also influences society in many ways. In using a variety of primary, secondary, and social media sources, this paper explores the impacts of algorithms, particularly algorithmic recommender systems, on different sectors of society. Four fields of interest will be specifically addressed in this paper: economy, international relations, political ideologies, and education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithms" title="algorithms">algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economy" title=" economy"> economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20relations" title=" international relations"> international relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20ideologies" title=" political ideologies"> political ideologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143723/societal-impacts-of-algorithmic-recommendation-system-economy-international-relations-political-ideologies-and-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143723.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">608</span> Application of MALDI-MS to Differentiate SARS-CoV-2 and Non-SARS-CoV-2 Symptomatic Infections in the Early and Late Phases of the Pandemic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitriy%20Babenko">Dmitriy Babenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20Yegorov"> Sergey Yegorov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilya%20Korshukov"> Ilya Korshukov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aidana%20Sultanbekova"> Aidana Sultanbekova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valentina%20Barkhanskaya"> Valentina Barkhanskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatiana%20Bashirova"> Tatiana Bashirova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yerzhan%20Zhunusov"> Yerzhan Zhunusov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yevgeniya%20Li"> Yevgeniya Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viktoriya%20Parakhina"> Viktoriya Parakhina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlana%20Kolesnichenko"> Svetlana Kolesnichenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeldar%20Baiken"> Yeldar Baiken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aruzhan%20Pralieva"> Aruzhan Pralieva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhibek%20Zhumadilova"> Zhibek Zhumadilova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20S.%20Miller"> Matthew S. Miller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonzalo%20H.%20Hortelano"> Gonzalo H. Hortelano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anar%20Turmuhambetova"> Anar Turmuhambetova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonella%20E.%20Chesca"> Antonella E. Chesca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20Kadyrova"> Irina Kadyrova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The rapidly evolving COVID-19 pandemic, along with the re-emergence of pathogens causing acute respiratory infections (ARI), has necessitated the development of novel diagnostic tools to differentiate various causes of ARI. MALDI-MS, due to its wide usage and affordability, has been proposed as a potential instrument for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 versus non-SARS-CoV-2 ARI. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of MALDI-MS in conjunction with a machine learning model to accurately distinguish between symptomatic infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS-CoV-2 during both the early and later phases of the pandemic. Furthermore, this study aimed to analyze mass spectrometry (MS) data obtained from nasal swabs of healthy individuals. Methods: We gathered mass spectra from 252 samples, comprising 108 SARS-CoV-2-positive samples obtained in 2020 (Covid 2020), 7 SARS-CoV- 2-positive samples obtained in 2023 (Covid 2023), 71 samples from symptomatic individuals without SARS-CoV-2 (Control non-Covid ARVI), and 66 samples from healthy individuals (Control healthy). All the samples were subjected to RT-PCR testing. For data analysis, we employed the caret R package to train and test seven machine-learning algorithms: C5.0, KNN, NB, RF, SVM-L, SVM-R, and XGBoost. We conducted a training process using a five-fold (outer) nested repeated (five times) ten-fold (inner) cross-validation with a randomized stratified splitting approach. Results: In this study, we utilized the Covid 2020 dataset as a case group and the non-Covid ARVI dataset as a control group to train and test various machine learning (ML) models. Among these models, XGBoost and SVM-R demonstrated the highest performance, with accuracy values of 0.97 [0.93, 0.97] and 0.95 [0.95; 0.97], specificity values of 0.86 [0.71; 0.93] and 0.86 [0.79; 0.87], and sensitivity values of 0.984 [0.984; 1.000] and 1.000 [0.968; 1.000], respectively. When examining the Covid 2023 dataset, the Naive Bayes model achieved the highest classification accuracy of 43%, while XGBoost and SVM-R achieved accuracies of 14%. For the healthy control dataset, the accuracy of the models ranged from 0.27 [0.24; 0.32] for k-nearest neighbors to 0.44 [0.41; 0.45] for the Support Vector Machine with a radial basis function kernel. Conclusion: Therefore, ML models trained on MALDI MS of nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from patients with Covid during the initial phase of the pandemic, as well as symptomatic non-Covid individuals, showed excellent classification performance, which aligns with the results of previous studies. However, when applied to swabs from healthy individuals and a limited sample of patients with Covid in the late phase of the pandemic, ML models exhibited lower classification accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARS-CoV-2" title="SARS-CoV-2">SARS-CoV-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MALDI-TOF%20MS" title=" MALDI-TOF MS"> MALDI-TOF MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ML%20models" title=" ML models"> ML models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nasopharyngeal%20swabs" title=" nasopharyngeal swabs"> nasopharyngeal swabs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167146/application-of-maldi-ms-to-differentiate-sars-cov-2-and-non-sars-cov-2-symptomatic-infections-in-the-early-and-late-phases-of-the-pandemic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167146.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">607</span> Factors Affecting Early Antibiotic Delivery in Open Tibial Shaft Fractures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Elnemer">William Elnemer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nauman%20Hussain"> Nauman Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Al-Ali"> Samir Al-Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henry%20Shu"> Henry Shu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diane%20Ghanem"> Diane Ghanem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babar%20Shafiq"> Babar Shafiq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The incidence of infection in open tibial shaft injuries varies depending on the severity of the injury, with rates ranging from 1.8% for Gustilo-Anderson type I to 42.9% for type IIIB fractures. The timely administration of antibiotics upon presentation to the emergency department (ED) is an essential component of fracture management, and evidence indicates that prompt delivery of antibiotics is associated with improved outcomes. The objective of this study is to identify factors that contribute to the expedient administration of antibiotics. Methods: This is a retrospective study of open tibial shaft fractures at an academic Level I trauma center. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes identified all patients treated for open tibial shaft fractures between 2015 and 2021. Open fractures were identified by reviewing ED and provider notes, and with ballistic fractures were considered open. Chart reviews were performed to extract demographics, fracture characteristics, postoperative outcomes, time to operative room, time to antibiotic order, and delivery. Univariate statistical analysis compared patients who received early antibiotics (EA), which were delivered within one hour of ED presentation, and those who received late antibiotics (LA), which were delivered outside of one hour of ED presentation. A multivariate analysis was performed to investigate patient, fracture, and transport/ED characteristics contributing to faster delivery of antibiotics. The multivariate analysis included the dependent variables: ballistic fracture, activation of Delta Trauma, Gustilo-Andersen (Type III vs. Type I and II), AO-OTA Classification (Type C vs. Type A and B), arrival between 7 am and 11 pm, and arrival via Emergency Medical Services (EMS) or walk-in. Results: Seventy ED patients with open tibial shaft fractures were identified. Of these, 39 patients (55.7%) received EA, while 31 patients (44.3%) received LA. Univariate analysis shows that the arrival via EMS as opposed to walk-in (97.4% vs. 74.2%, respectively, p = 0.01) and activation of Delta Trauma (89.7% vs. 51.6%, respectively, p < 0.001) was significantly higher in the EA group vs. the LA group. Additionally, EA cases had significantly shorter intervals between the antibiotic order and delivery when compared to LA cases (0.02 hours vs. 0.35 hours, p = 0.007). No other significant differences were found in terms of postoperative outcomes or fracture characteristics. Multivariate analysis shows that a Delta Trauma Response, arrival via EMS, and presentation between 7 am and 11 pm were independent predictors of a shorter time to antibiotic administration (Odds Ratio = 11.9, 30.7, and 5.4, p = 0.001, 0.016, and 0.013, respectively). Discussion: Earlier antibiotic delivery is associated with arrival to the ED between 7 am and 11 pm, arrival via EMS, and a coordinated Delta Trauma activation. Our findings indicate that in cases where administering antibiotics is critical to achieving positive outcomes, it is advisable to employ a coordinated Delta Trauma response. Hospital personnel should be attentive to the rapid administration of antibiotics to patients with open fractures who arrive via walk-in or during late-night hours. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotics" title="antibiotics">antibiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20department" title=" emergency department"> emergency department</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20management" title=" fracture management"> fracture management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20tibial%20shaft%20fractures" title=" open tibial shaft fractures"> open tibial shaft fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthopaedic%20surgery" title=" orthopaedic surgery"> orthopaedic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20to%20or" title=" time to or"> time to or</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma%20fractures" title=" trauma fractures"> trauma fractures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171282/factors-affecting-early-antibiotic-delivery-in-open-tibial-shaft-fractures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">606</span> Effect of Tillage Technology on Species Composition of Weeds in Monoculture of Maize</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlana%20Chovancova">Svetlana Chovancova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frantisek%20Illek"> Frantisek Illek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Winkler"> Jan Winkler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of tillage technology of maize on intensity of weed infestation and weed species composition was observed at experimental field. Maize is grown consecutively since 2001. The experimental site is situated at an altitude of 230 m above sea level in the Czech Republic. Variants of tillage technology are CT: plowing – conventional tillage 0.22 m, MT: loosening – disc tillage on the depth of 0.1 – 0.12 m, NT: direct sowing – without tillage. The evaluation of weed infestation was carried out by numerical method in years 2012 and 2013. Within the monitoring were found 20 various species of weeds. Conventional tillage (CT) primarily supports the occurrence of perennial weeds (Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis). Late spring species (Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crus-galli) were more frequently noticed on variants of loosening (MT) and direct sowing (NT). Different tillage causes a significant change of weed species spectrum in maize. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weeds" title="weeds">weeds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maize" title=" maize"> maize</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tillage" title=" tillage"> tillage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loosening" title=" loosening"> loosening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20sowing" title=" direct sowing"> direct sowing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13184/effect-of-tillage-technology-on-species-composition-of-weeds-in-monoculture-of-maize" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right 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