CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '929f763f0ba940f7',cH: 'YFmUSxwlUVz9u25a1.YjCj18zjUz4Jk.B0nQg9QWMM0-1743587844-1.2.1.1-H.u6dQI3sNoUDlzYGGFAcexyDMtHkjZ1V_gdHEQ8hJsUNDNHcLnffogC4hYC74MC',cUPMDTk: "\/11029\/json?__cf_chl_tk=S0LCfz8dUentbs9iwvZ0hiRH.89qj3KjEPjeO_IrfqA-1743587844-1.0.1.1-YpQUwsxiw8zodXTIMCKNldeVV0NwVzZh.ppfVSV9p.o",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1743587844',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/11029\/json?__cf_chl_f_tk=S0LCfz8dUentbs9iwvZ0hiRH.89qj3KjEPjeO_IrfqA-1743587844-1.0.1.1-YpQUwsxiw8zodXTIMCKNldeVV0NwVzZh.ppfVSV9p.o",md: "rT3.YF77CwjzvX1pGf7GR76W1jGraaPGccM0.cYAlG8-1743587844-1.2.1.1-L4x6NuVgaMinUJNKN2duV86lp.9SeY60bNWXxJaUOfIeySyC28nQbamz3YEEuwptVB9UZ3OtHabqzfiWajNeiM8z1ReFETgVqHgeDO4LhiqYOyErhc8W6MaWQgpA.gq6W2XX3UobPrZM2qJYQLRVfCJOVLFIAw57V_YMUNwu3fbuVMlfsWGDsEHevgNOTGg7fkneeip3aaphigM8qeE6WQjg.XJYONDRCQW7DjeMa3QqFRNX4GgMQt7XZTjU3rNDGRbdlWgKAG.Ye0KvmKq.AGgJhgbSdHrXc8b9Vl.Chnc_uPnbY1iuyLRWVwdKjSVNS8Np5p9iv.AobTstYghmT_q4nbjiuROucrekWIzILloXYFJGSqCNcIJgSjEy_qKKBuV8tyn4HKWE5ovnPDGk7CduMdfY6CWTjSVrcUefVdCPk_AXz0__hLmnD5cHpcuLLVX735fqlBILaznU1ufbgBoRgRqCbWSESpo7XhtlZ02erS2g9.QWvmWGjPTWHsTv231HDXc_hGRO43xdAcg3MeOiKQ3njWha68_C1OkM9cm3eBMRKFt1b5EBT3D233oQLSoD65F85jV1eXtYykOdb.yIIegzr3Jt2VcLj3WcwGug8JlBH1wQRV8Oyn2nN029l9TexdTONxuZ9ZqRpuEegDJ7j0fW0xbfXz9uSkLOekIUxLNzLd7dK.W3hVmWfbp9mrGT_gdiof7fF3QgTuQ3sLOmQOuuw7vTuHLVOAXfw1QpOyrIuq_Y25xvCMyunTmozYPro.IWtKrw8SD_U7.BHHA5RfVw2hvNJVI5zB5e8otwR3DbaibsXfis4lYuej.MKbBMLzrXuAP9obgkbuVS4ZGopmqFBh_l0VzPQfNmH.e7PCAKr48RuW0uHIw79K.wFAuCQRVZvKpgiP1zOgWkplC.u46HJFbCRQO0jFkFfntNvS55z2JNgejQCaLzpvsHOsaxEqBbsz4DkpWsucU8YjmHMOD9aBOA_itd5gcNH.XwS02iA0dDaakqO3sw6IwsgBCYgdEMlCpajVv64pBUUDMS3qRDS_ERNvIQw0pK5YQdY2EmB0auHKhCNeAZCzZ_AZTd96xy6J79THkKwDreje3_x..CKqL7LgTA6cfegUzo6DmfkSpp8sWrpeA_rlXZQi40LgY7cdlp3Bu10NBT_7IVDhOe7SYxsvUvhwBQOYFsonv4xR3dQqVu_nD4TQ9AReUyMPR4KyzKR_xCTvF4.A",mdrd: "S8efG1Tt4G3tuvVRFK1qiVoz9q6G0KYPhdXc5RU7.NY-1743587844-1.2.1.1-VtLfatsrOcAuV119g.pKjStjJu7ZMe5UsdR17L5y2QhPOXEgSsX5p5Is16ju_b9bUzjn4KeLHzp14WFYF2Mi88dMQiEcCluSCgzis2yVOuCD3pDJ66BzMjeSslym88k4vf_bBXKb510AqiUQCHI6gHmfjRurgF0mqh74zM2.utASZlsIc8h3vWHAhfP1ZQIJJSKDIOcW4xANwNwmcZE7jJy1erxAlladn.2eQ2WaX_1Zkf7tqK7gDQ2zxy65.2TD.49OJf.vOs7QDsXr2qTUivqkHCvfJklZIMPAlSNMmw0yzzKuhHISH79aKTMdJGHR75zd0sbqtzlIZChXu2D.7UKgQynvbPZhf8cWSO_vR8EAPS3FlsNsdYxHiDRzUao9ML9IIA8qfW70snVkWr786dzYti20638Ik6kkicWgy3XCgFGN6y2fFEr2xjrpYeEs66S7X0VMQZzCo.NabPU4Wl3ArlSsJdn.8LFcZaGcmO3s.flhVJCVADoeKOZQ5vr_ZNZ674f2EczFGJEtXB3sgF6JwTYpM_S8PC.5K_PyLtHazAo4DSB1zLANA9YpPcfnLmgh.Zr7j6BI6kUtkfXAzNaHuct35ZtA.ZWNN0OKzl16UwfZwLX2c6ZYGF2T7DaqbXid5yJHrVMKAEGkLbM0X25GaBfu9Bpocb2Hhfzzx.UhWlBX5Jthgf5ODUChLSi..Pe8VurCXhc_CvtJ9y56fLcRFNuULWBCNhSFytPDvNqDCeDkxeiMRiq2T92iCIL1EmPmDaT9ws0KZibIMYkM5rEIXOq9UdL8lh3VjJZGSQqeMADL016gCGGNNV0oDmjhN2JJjFQEHPatrah8WHm4EO8SgJIvtlOzW.KLv8M0k3DK6uxc9HJ7_fqb4D.Jpf676bZleN37gYi7_n5WpwGCRfDRfPafsWvHXw6CzKG6lEeB0UnNb9azZ5qKJy7CVvHUMvtXUQWSlUEYZfi8EV2IL3aUZYy6.GIVHJxho7h8FwdarEP2cCEOJ_w210yc7G9wJcD6OSyb6bLZ8Rj6Wi.pCI1RRlweJBZ3mW9MTvxorhHsNjEfJLJdE1YNdf0ZViPBsNexsV.qvdk.N0gIyDOSTNtiRUI2UcVONFUioW.yl.fLBYste6v4dA2VuFD4UgBE4RorQOlLeC5v5Islb_oLKa2c625jlRJ1Quv5Cmk.Ej.FwAJvbgOFTzCmxdRT7Yeocm_cs96ykkUCkmzeu52UTx_x2B.CaM2C9PEBiZrDblXkgQLlHqt8H.5AJ4dseHIE.NpS6iZ.oXhbXSyJNirMkqUM2HZ1LwtQOFPawtG5TScGgfbndYxNJytyDK5d.XdGBmnr2S6PU.kVNKUggtuFDB5OAvuTshXQZRWMEyOBTVm0jo3Rr1itamUZzy0_orK7y46lWAapLKxjXvBrLhZ_PNcxTebNhrh9N9pdeSixvgy1VkDNTvzaxfGn6fFZu4BYQkxMywfPcxyZhA_ytuTEQiLE5.4Agz6t_36V0TEJVXO1E8OSDtjwuper.awmCIu3aZa5H2B4RpFQkvZXbeQ75BEWrhUiJEAVinEFmgf.9lcRYPXMYzXOyr7xPUutkL9yxyE0o7vf561r2RaKJrBjeSEwM6mvhy.Zf6pSDf0zCQWjH1YetGVAGFamrKXNZmBZSUAx8ouVTQSXr_63xf.MyqV9Z6MI_YG5iLPPEMMpz9sYpfQSAvztHek8vg.OWUc.eFiKO6fVlozdHTd3yIcngbTtVJ91BGOcdMktdQTWCqpo_nOxytvkuMk1boUUIfJXLYGYjEY86V8910K9a2lzPdK2shoPs4aT16Ur3k5KEyCc_bmJj6MdXU6usV0aoDzGa46_nmqAijIRMFBf1eheLXCqseE1nV51eAmNUq.Ju4_e.NNK7qC1kNm55XFlFbMqqaJBSXcPoOkIB4mMm_PlIztTWIG52A0RtqwXVoNR6KLzxFd9wcYasLG3.j__.NBMhbF8AnuaGssuPzyIZZs0UHE1PjUyeQf5q7RJEmxD0KFSWM7UHJIJp09xlTjCYEEI"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=929f763f0ba940f7';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/11029\/json?__cf_chl_rt_tk=S0LCfz8dUentbs9iwvZ0hiRH.89qj3KjEPjeO_IrfqA-1743587844-1.0.1.1-YpQUwsxiw8zodXTIMCKNldeVV0NwVzZh.ppfVSV9p.o" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>