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what’s not </h1> <div class="newspack-post-subtitle"> Teens are glued to their screens and need media literacy to sort through the deluge </div> <div class="entry-subhead"> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=80&d=mm&r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=160&d=mm&r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo avatar-default' height='80' width='80' /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://hechingerreport.org/author/ebonee-otoo/">Ebonee Otoo</a></span> </span> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-02-06T01:00:00-05:00">February 6, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-10-29T14:49:44-04:00">October 29, 2024</time></span> </div> <div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-linkedin"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-linkedin-98396" class="share-linkedin sd-button share-icon no-text" href="https://hechingerreport.org/opinion-more-states-should-require-teaching-kids-how-to-read-the-news-and-spot-whats-true-and-whats-not/?share=linkedin" target="_blank" title="Click to share on LinkedIn" ><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li class="share-bluesky"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="sharing-bluesky-98396" class="share-bluesky sd-button share-icon no-text" href="https://hechingerreport.org/opinion-more-states-should-require-teaching-kids-how-to-read-the-news-and-spot-whats-true-and-whats-not/?share=bluesky" target="_blank" title="Click to share on Bluesky" ><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to share on Bluesky (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li 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You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="ede4dcfb9d" data-email-share-track-url="https://hechingerreport.org/opinion-more-states-should-require-teaching-kids-how-to-read-the-news-and-spot-whats-true-and-whats-not/?share=email"><span></span><span class="sharing-screen-reader-text">Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> </header> </div> </div> <figcaption><span>Many students have no idea how to tell the difference between what’s meant to inform them and what’s meant to entertain them, sell them something or even mislead them. A growing number of states are trying to tackle this problem. <span class="image-credit"><span class="credit-label-wrapper">Credit:</span> Matt Cardy/ Getty Images</span></span></figcaption> <div class="main-content"> <section id="block-2" class="above-content widget widget_block widget_text"><p><em>The Hechinger Report is a national nonprofit newsroom that reports on one topic: education. Sign up for our <a style="text-decoration: underline;" href="https://hechingerreport.org/newsletters" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">weekly newsletters</a> to get stories like this delivered directly to your inbox. Consider supporting our stories and becoming <a style="text-decoration: underline;" href="https://hechingerreport.fundjournalism.org/?campaign=701VK000003ezHZYAY" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">a member</a> today.</em></p></section> <article id="post-98396" class="post-98396 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-civics category-opinion category-solutions tag-civics tag-civil-rights tag-law-and-policy tag-literacy tag-opinion tag-technology-access entry"> <div class="entry-content"> <p class="has-drop-cap">If you worry about your own screen time, just think about the young people in your life.</p><p>The amount of time they spend consuming media and scrolling through content might alarm you. Teens are glued to screens for <a href="https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/research/report/8-18-census-integrated-report-final-web_0.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">more than eight hours</a> a day, <a href="https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Children-And-Watching-TV-054.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">reports show</a>. So much screen time <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2023/05/23/surgeon-general-issues-new-advisory-about-effects-social-media-use-has-youth-mental-health.html">could pose risks</a> for adolescents — including exposure to toxic misinformation.</p><p>With millions of Americans voting in federal, state and local elections this year, misinformation poses grave challenges to our democratic processes.</p><aside class="scaip scaip-1 "><style>@media ( min-width: 300px ){.newspack_global_ad.scaip-1{min-height: 100px;}}@media ( min-width: 728px ){.newspack_global_ad.scaip-1{min-height: 90px;}}</style> <div class='newspack_global_ad scaip-1 fixed-height'> <div id='div-gpt-ad-f4b5c9d9b6-0'></div> </div> </aside><p>Standards-based news organizations carefully fact-check information with an eye toward fairness and a dedication to accuracy. Yet much of what populates our social media feeds is user-generated, unvetted and of varying reliability.</p><p>Too often, it’s difficult to separate fact from fiction in the onslaught of information we face. Many students — our next generation of voters — have no idea how to tell the difference between what’s meant to inform them and what’s meant to entertain them, sell them something or even mislead them. Luckily, a growing number of states are tackling this problem by helping students become more media literate. More states must follow.</p><aside> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-popup hidden newspack-inline-popup " role="button" tabindex="0" style="background-color:#00aeef;color:#000" id="id_104142" data-segments="" data-frequency="0,0,0,month" > <div class="wp-block-group has-secondary-background-color has-background"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"><h3 class="wp-block-heading">Stay up to date on K-12 education</h3> <p>We take you inside school districts and classrooms weekly to see how K-12 education is changing and how it can be strengthened.</p> <script type="text/javascript"></script> <div class='gf_browser_ie gf_browser_ie7 gform_wrapper gform-theme gform-theme--foundation gform-theme--framework gform-theme--orbital' data-form-theme='orbital' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_35' ><style>#gform_wrapper_35[data-form-index="0"].gform-theme,[data-parent-form="35_0"]{--gf-color-primary: 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href="https://hechingerreport.org/one-state-is-poised-to-teach-media-literacy-starting-in-kindergarten/">One state is poised to teach media literacy starting in kindergarten</a></strong></p><p>In 2023 alone, <a href="https://www.nj.gov/governor/news/news/562022/20230104b.shtml#:~:text=The%20bill%20requires%20the%20New,effectively%20use%20the%20needed%20information." target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">New Jersey</a> and <a href="https://www.npr.org/2023/11/24/1215152769/california-joins-a-growing-movement-to-teach-media-literacy-in-schools" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">California</a> passed laws requiring that students be taught media literacy skills. Those states <a href="https://medialiteracynow.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/MediaLiteracyPolicyReport2022.pdf">join others, </a>including Delaware, Illinois and Texas, that led the way for mandating such requirements.</p><p>Media literacy teaches students how to access and evaluate all types of communication. News literacy falls under the umbrella of media literacy, and is focused on helping students understand the importance of a free press in a democracy and on developing the ability to determine the credibility of news.</p><p>News literacy teaches students <em>how</em> to think, not <em>what</em> to think. It develops a healthy skepticism — not cynicism — about the news.</p><aside class="scaip scaip-2 "><style>@media ( min-width: 300px ){.newspack_global_ad.scaip-2{min-height: 100px;}}@media ( min-width: 728px ){.newspack_global_ad.scaip-2{min-height: 90px;}}</style> <div class='newspack_global_ad scaip-2 fixed-height'> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1f7e5ecfdb-0'></div> </div> </aside><p>Students who learn news literacy skills, for example, are more likely to notice when a social media post <a href="https://get.checkology.org/impact/">does not present credible evidence</a>, assessments show. <a href="https://www.poynter.org/fact-checking/2022/what-is-prebunking-fact-checking/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Studies have shown</a> that <a href="https://news.sky.com/story/prebunking-the-new-tactic-to-help-you-people-spot-fake-news-12811636#:~:text=So%2C%20what%20is%20prebunking%3F,false%20claims%20before%20encountering%20them.">“prebunking”</a> — preemptively teaching people the common tactics used to spread false and misleading information — can effectively teach people to resist it. At a time of historically low levels of trust in news organizations, news and media literacy builds appreciation of and demand for quality journalism, a cornerstone of our democracy, and prepares students to be informed participants in our civic life.</p><p>States have taken different approaches to helping students find credible information: In Illinois, students must receive at least one unit of news literacy instruction before graduation. New Jersey has gone even further, requiring students in every grade to learn “information literacy,” an umbrella term that includes the ability to navigate all forms of information.</p><p><strong>Related: <a href="https://hechingerreport.org/the-in-school-push-to-fight-misinformation-from-the-outside-world/">The in-school push to fight misinformation from the outside world</a></strong></p><p>Legislation to require media literacy instruction is a powerful part of the solution to misinformation, but it won’t solve the problem alone<a href="https://newslit.org/about/mission/#nlp-mission" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">. Doing so will also require</a> help from social media and technology companies, media organizations, civic organizations and the philanthropic community.</p><p>We need to do away with the myth of the “digital native.” Just because young people have grown up with technology does not mean that they instinctively know how to navigate the challenges of our information landscape. A <a href="https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/research/report/2023-cs-smartphone-research-report_final-for-web.pdf">recent report</a> showed that teens receive more than 200 alerts on their phones a day. It’s important that we teach young people how to recognize the different types and quality of information they’re bombarded with, or we will leave them vulnerable to information that is unreliable or even intentionally misleading.</p><p><a></a><a href="https://apnews.com/article/poll-misinformation-polarization-coronavirus-media-d56a25fd8dfd9abe1389b56d7e82b873" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Most Americans are concerned about misinformation</a>. As we head into an election cycle with AI technologies becoming more widely available and social media companies scaling back moderation efforts, it’s more important than ever to make sure everyone knows where to turn for accurate information about where, how and when to vote. This is especially true for our students who are just becoming old enough to cast their ballots for the first time.</p><aside class="scaip scaip-3 "><style>@media ( min-width: 300px ){.newspack_global_ad.scaip-3{min-height: 100px;}}@media ( min-width: 728px ){.newspack_global_ad.scaip-3{min-height: 90px;}}</style> <div class='newspack_global_ad scaip-3 fixed-height'> <div id='div-gpt-ad-33993a6a78-0'></div> </div> </aside><p>By ensuring that more people are news literate, we can build a stronger, more inclusive democracy.</p><p>In 2024, let’s expand this work in schools and at home.</p><p><a href="https://newslit.org/about/team/#staff-ebonee-otoo" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Ebonee Otoo</em></a><em> is senior vice president of educator engagement at the News Literacy Project, a nonpartisan nonprofit that teaches people how to identify credible sources of news and information.</em></p><p><em>This story about <a href="https://hechingerreport.org/opinion-more-states-should-require-teaching-kids-how-to-read-the-news-and-spot-whats-true-and-whats-not/">teaching media literacy</a> was produced by </em><a href="https://hechingerreport.org/"><em>The Hechinger Report</em></a><em>, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. 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