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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ühik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ühik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ühik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ühik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maa_eelarve_krahhi_päev" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maa_eelarve_krahhi_päev"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Maa eelarve krahhi päev</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maa_eelarve_krahhi_päev-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senised_tulemused" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senised_tulemused"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Senised tulemused</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senised_tulemused-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaata_ka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaata_ka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Vaata ka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaata_ka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Viited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Välislingid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Välislingid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Välislingid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Välislingid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Sisukord" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ökoloogiline jalajälg</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 45 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B5%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بصمة بيئية – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بصمة بيئية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisada_ecolochica" title="Pisada ecolochica – aragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Pisada ecolochica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jejak_ekologi" title="Jejak ekologi – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jejak ekologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jejak_ekologi" title="Jejak ekologi – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jejak ekologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BA" title="Екологичен отпечатък – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Екологичен отпечатък" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petjada_ecol%C3%B2gica" title="Petjada ecològica – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Petjada ecològica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekologick%C3%A1_stopa" title="Ekologická stopa – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ekologická stopa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96kologischer_Fu%C3%9Fabdruck" title="Ökologischer Fußabdruck – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ökologischer Fußabdruck" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%8D%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Οικολογικό αποτύπωμα – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οικολογικό αποτύπωμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_footprint" title="Ecological footprint – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ecological footprint" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huella_ecol%C3%B3gica" title="Huella ecológica – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Huella ecológica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="eeskujulik artikkel"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekologia_premsigno" title="Ekologia premsigno – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ekologia premsigno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztarna_ekologiko" title="Aztarna ekologiko – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aztarna ekologiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="ردپای بوم‌شناختی – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ردپای بوم‌شناختی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empreinte_%C3%A9cologique" title="Empreinte écologique – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Empreinte écologique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegada_ecol%C3%B3xica" title="Pegada ecolóxica – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pegada ecolóxica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%9D%ED%83%9C%EB%B0%9C%EC%9E%90%EA%B5%AD" title="생태발자국 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="생태발자국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A5%D5%BF%D6%84" title="Էկոլոգիական հետք – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էկոլոգիական հետք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8" title="पारिस्थितिक पदचिह्न – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पारिस्थितिक पदचिह्न" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mmet%E1%BB%A5ta_gburugburu_ebe_obibi" title="Mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi – ibo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="ibo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impronta_ecologica" title="Impronta ecologica – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Impronta ecologica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%AA" title="טביעת רגל אקולוגית – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טביעת רגל אקולוגית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekolo%C4%A3iskais_p%C4%93das_nospiedums" title="Ekoloģiskais pēdas nospiedums – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ekoloģiskais pēdas nospiedums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekologesche_Foussofdrock" title="Ekologesche Foussofdrock – letseburgi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ekologesche Foussofdrock" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="letseburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekologinis_p%C4%97dsakas" title="Ekologinis pėdsakas – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ekologinis pėdsakas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96kol%C3%B3giai_l%C3%A1bnyom" title="Ökológiai lábnyom – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ökológiai lábnyom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0" title="പാരിസ്ഥിതിക പാദമുദ്ര – malajalami" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പാരിസ്ഥിതിക പാദമുദ്ര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecologische_voetafdruk" title="Ecologische voetafdruk – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ecologische voetafdruk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B8%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%97%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="エコロジカル・フットプリント – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エコロジカル・フットプリント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98kologisk_fotavtrykk" title="Økologisk fotavtrykk – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Økologisk fotavtrykk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekologik_iz" title="Ekologik iz – usbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ekologik iz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Alad_ekologiczny" title="Ślad ekologiczny – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ślad ekologiczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegada_ecol%C3%B3gica" title="Pegada ecológica – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pegada ecológica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amprent%C4%83_ecologic%C4%83" title="Amprentă ecologică – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Amprentă ecologică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Экологический след – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Экологический след" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_footprint" title="Ecological footprint – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ecological footprint" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekologick%C3%A1_stopa" title="Ekologická stopa – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ekologická stopa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okoljski_odtis" title="Okoljski odtis – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Okoljski odtis" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Еколошки отисак – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Еколошки отисак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekologinen_jalanj%C3%A4lki" title="Ekologinen jalanjälki – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ekologinen jalanjälki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekologiskt_fotavtryck" title="Ekologiskt fotavtryck – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ekologiskt fotavtryck" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சூழலியல் அடித்தடம் – tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சூழலியல் அடித்தடம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BA%A5u_ch%C3%A2n_sinh_th%C3%A1i" title="Dấu chân sinh thái – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dấu chân sinh thái" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng 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linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg" title="Vaata sisulehekülge [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arutelu:%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg" rel="discussion" title="Arutelu selle lehekülje sisu kohta [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Arutelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><div class="nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6739384">.mw-parser-output th.mbox-text,.mw-parser-output td.mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output table.ambox{margin:0 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox~table.ambox:not(.mbox-small-left){margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox th.mbox-text,.mw-parser-output .ambox td.mbox-text{padding:0.25em 0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ambox td.mbox-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ambox td.mbox-imageright{padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/35px-Emblem-important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/53px-Emblem-important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/70px-Emblem-important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>See artikkel</b> <b>ootab <a href="/wiki/Keeletoimetamine" title="Keeletoimetamine">keeletoimetamist</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small><i>(Juuli 2023)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"> <br /><small>Kui oskad, siis palun aita <a class="external text" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit">artiklit keeleliselt parandada</a>.</small> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Juhend:Toimetusm%C3%A4rkuste_eemaldamine" title="Juhend:Toimetusmärkuste eemaldamine">Kuidas ja millal see märkus eemaldada?</a>)</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ökoloogiline jalajälg</b> on <a href="/wiki/Summa" class="mw-redirect" title="Summa">summaarne</a> näitaja, mis väljendab inimeste <a href="/wiki/Keskkond" title="Keskkond">keskkonnakasutuse</a> suurust võrreldes <a href="/wiki/Maa_(planeet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maa (planeet)">Maa</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96kos%C3%BCsteem" title="Ökosüsteem">ökosüsteemide</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taastootmisv%C3%B5ime&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taastootmisvõime (pole veel kirjutatud)">taastootmisvõimega</a>. Ökoloogilise jalajälje arvutamisel lähtutakse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inimtegevus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inimtegevus (pole veel kirjutatud)">inimtegevuse</a> nõudlusest selliste ökosüsteemi <a href="/wiki/Toode" title="Toode">toodete</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Teenus" title="Teenus">teenuste</a> järele, mis tulenevad maakera pinna suutlikkusest kasvatada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elusaine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elusaine (pole veel kirjutatud)">elusainet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wackernagel_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wackernagel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seda meetodit kasutades saab hinnata, kui suurt Maad (või mitu Maad) oleks vaja, et rahuldada iga inimese vajadusi, tulenevalt tema elustiilist. 2012. aastaks tarbib kogu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inimkond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inimkond (pole veel kirjutatud)">inimkond</a> 1,5 planeeti aastas. See tähendab, et Maal kulub inimkonna aastas tarbitud <a href="/wiki/Ressurss" class="mw-redirect" title="Ressurss">ressursside</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taastootmine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taastootmine (pole veel kirjutatud)">taastootmiseks</a> ja <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4%C3%A4tmed" title="Jäätmed">jäätmete</a> lagundamiseks 18 kuud<sup id="cite_ref-IE9Us_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IE9Us-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Seda nimetatakse <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cletarbimine" title="Ületarbimine">ületarbimiseks</a>. Ületarbimine on olukord, mil toodete ja teenuste tarbimine on suurem kui nende tegelik varu. Globaalne ületarbimine väljendab seda, et ökoloogilised ressursid <a href="/wiki/Ammendumine" title="Ammendumine">ammenduvad</a> ning jäätmed akumuleeruvad ehk kuhjuvad.<sup id="cite_ref-method_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-method-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ülevaade"><span id=".C3.9Clevaade"></span>Ülevaade</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ülevaade"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ülevaade" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a>. aastal avaldas <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Rees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Rees (pole veel kirjutatud)">William Rees</a> esimese ökoloogilist jalajälge kirjeldava <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirjutis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kirjutis (pole veel kirjutatud)">kirjutise</a><sup id="cite_ref-RELMZ_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RELMZ-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ökoloogilise jalajälje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kontseptsioon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kontseptsioon (pole veel kirjutatud)">kontseptsioon</a> ja arvutusmeetodid töötati välja professor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathis_Wackernagel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathis Wackernagel (pole veel kirjutatud)">Mathis Wackernageli</a> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4itekiri" title="Väitekiri">väitekirja</a> jaoks Reesi juhendamisel <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanadas</a> <a href="/wiki/Briti_Columbia_%C3%9Clikool" title="Briti Columbia Ülikool">Briti Columbia Ülikoolis</a> aastatel <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a>–<a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a><sup id="cite_ref-M7P8X_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M7P8X-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Algselt nimetasid Rees ja Wackernagel kontseptsiooni omastatud kandevõimeks (<i>appropriated carrying capacity</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-UGpZj_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UGpZj-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Rees leidis, et kui muuta kontseptsiooni nimetus ökoloogiliseks jalajäljeks, oleks see palju ligitõmbavam. Nimetuse vahetamisel inspireeris teda arvutitehnik, kes kirjeldas oma arvuteid kui „väikseid jalajälgi laual“<sup id="cite_ref-XKA2C_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XKA2C-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Wackernagel ja Rees andsid 1996. aasta alguses välja raamatu "Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth" ("Meie ökoloogiline jalajälg: Inimmõju vähendamine Maal")<sup id="cite_ref-0Mkgu_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0Mkgu-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. aastal loodi USA-s <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> osariigis meetodi laiemaks tutvustamiseks ühendus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Global_Footprint_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Global Footprint Network (pole veel kirjutatud)">Global Footprint Network</a>, mida juhib Mathis Wackernagel. Ühenduse eesmärk on toetada <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4tkusuutlik_majandus" title="Jätkusuutlik majandus">jätkusuutlikku majandust</a> ökoloogilise jalajälje mõõtmise ja <a href="/wiki/Planeerimine" class="mw-disambig" title="Planeerimine">planeerimise</a> süsteemi abil, mis võimaldab teha tarku ja säästlikke otsuseid. Ökoloogilise jalajälje arvutamise peamine eesmärk on juhtida inimeste tähelepanu oma eluviisidele, propageerida põhjendatult säästlikku eluviisi ning niimoodi saavutada jätkusuutlik <a href="/wiki/Tarbimisharjumus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarbimisharjumus">tarbimisharjumus</a><sup id="cite_ref-Keskkond_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keskkond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kasutusalad_ja_tasandid">Kasutusalad ja tasandid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Kasutusalad ja tasandid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Kasutusalad ja tasandid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ökoloogilise jalajälje indikaatorit kasutatakse tänapäeval laialdaselt mitmesugustes <a href="/wiki/Institutsioon" title="Institutsioon">institutsioonides</a>, näiteks teaduses, äris ja valitsusasutustes. Põhiline eesmärk on jälgida ökoloogiliste ressursside kasutust ning edendada jätkusuutliku arengut. Jalajälge saab uurida ettevõtte, indiviidi, <a href="/wiki/Linn" title="Linn">linna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riik" title="Riik">riigi</a> ja inimkonna tasandil<sup id="cite_ref-E6r1t_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E6r1t-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Ökoloogiline jalajälg võimaldab riigi tasandil </p> <ul><li>hinnata oma riigi <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_vara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ökoloogiline vara (pole veel kirjutatud)">ökoloogilisi varasid</a></li> <li>jälgida ja majandada oma varasid</li> <li>tuvastada <a href="/wiki/Oht" title="Oht">ohte</a>, mis on seotud ökoloogilise defitsiidiga</li> <li>arendada <a href="/wiki/Strateegia" title="Strateegia">strateegiaid</a>, mis tulenevad ökoloogilisest olukorrast, ja seada <a href="/wiki/Prioriteet" title="Prioriteet">prioriteet</a> just neile ressurssidele, mida on vaja enim kaitsta</li> <li>mõõta riigis tehtud tegevuste tulemusi ja arengut<sup id="cite_ref-9dNnT_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9dNnT-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <p>Kui välja on arvutatud näiteks see, millise <a href="/wiki/Linnaosa" title="Linnaosa">linnaosa</a> ökoloogiline jalajälg on kõige suurem ning mis seda peamiselt suurendavad ja vähendavad, siis saab seda edaspidi kasutada <a href="/wiki/Linnaplaneerimine" title="Linnaplaneerimine">linnaplaneerimises</a>. </p><p>Üksikisiku tasandil saab iga inimene oma ökoloogilise jalajälje välja arvutada. Eestikeelse <a href="/wiki/Kalkulaator" title="Kalkulaator">kalkulaatori</a> leiab näiteks Keskkonna ja Säästva Arengu ning Tartu ülikooli loodus- ja tehnoloogia teaduskonna kodulehelt <sup id="cite_ref-xgaxC_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xgaxC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Footprint Network on mitme koostööpartneriga välja töötanud <a href="/wiki/Animatsioon" title="Animatsioon">animatsioonilise</a> kalkulatsiooniprogrammi. Rakenduses saab praegu valida 15 asukoha vahel. Võimalus on proovida ökoloogilist jalajälge arvutada nii riigi kui linna (<a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a>) tasandil. Rakendus võimaldab vastuseid kergesti muuta, misjärel kohe uuenevad jalajälje suuruse andmeid. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Komponendid">Komponendid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Komponendid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Komponendid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ökoloogilise jalajälje hindamise aluseks oleva maa(pinna) saab jagada kuueks tüübiks: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bioproduktiivne_meri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bioproduktiivne meri (pole veel kirjutatud)">bioproduktiivne meri</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Siseveed" title="Siseveed">siseveed</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haritav_p%C3%B5llumaa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haritav põllumaa (pole veel kirjutatud)">haritav põllumaa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoonestatud_maa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoonestatud maa (pole veel kirjutatud)">hoonestatud maa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karjatatav_maa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karjatatav maa (pole veel kirjutatud)">karjatatav maa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metsamaa" title="Metsamaa">metsamaa</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BCsinikdioksiidi_siduv_maa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Süsinikdioksiidi siduv maa (pole veel kirjutatud)">süsinikdioksiidi siduv maa</a>. Kõige suuremat väärtust omavad põllumaa ning ehitiste all olev maa, väikseimat bioproduktiivne veepind. Keskmine maapinna väärtuse hinne on 1<sup id="cite_ref-Bioneer_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bioneer-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Haritava põllumaa on maa-ala, millel kasvatatakse <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B5llukultuur" title="Põllukultuur">põllukultuure</a>. Põllusaadusi kasutatakse <a href="/wiki/Inimene" title="Inimene">inimeste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loom" title="Loom">loomade</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Kala" class="mw-redirect" title="Kala">kalade</a> toidu valmistamiseks. Lisaks loetakse selle hulka <a href="/wiki/Tekstiil" title="Tekstiil">tekstiili</a> <a href="/wiki/Tooraine" title="Tooraine">tooraine</a> ning kummi ja <a href="/wiki/%C3%95li" title="Õli">õli</a> saamiseks kasvatatavad taimi. See on kõige suurema <a href="/wiki/Bioproduktsioon" title="Bioproduktsioon">bioproduktsiooniga</a> maakasutustüüp Riiklikus Jalajälje Arvestuses (National Footprint Account)<sup id="cite_ref-method_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-method-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Karjatatava maa jalajälje alla kuuluvad alad, millel karjatatakse kariloomi. Siia kuuluvad nii hooldatavad kui looduslikud karjamaad ning <a href="/wiki/Preeria" title="Preeria">preeriad</a>. 2008. aastal määratleti põllumaaks 1,53 miljardit hektarit<sup id="cite_ref-method_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-method-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Inimesele tagab see valdkond <a href="/wiki/Liha" title="Liha">liha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vill" title="Vill">villa</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Piim" title="Piim">piima</a><sup id="cite_ref-Keskkond_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keskkond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Bioproduktiivse mere ja sisevete alla kuuluvad mere- ja mageveekalade kasvamiseks sobivad piirkonnad<sup id="cite_ref-Keskkond_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keskkond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Metsamaa on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Puidutoore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Puidutoore (pole veel kirjutatud)">puidutoorme</a> kasvatamiseks kasutatav maa, mis toodab toorainet nii ehitiste ja mööbli valmistamiseks kui ka kütteks <sup id="cite_ref-Keskkond_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keskkond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 2008. aastal oli Maal 4,04 miljardit hektarit metsamaad<sup id="cite_ref-method_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-method-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCsinikdioksiid" class="mw-redirect" title="Süsinikdioksiid">Süsinikdioksiidi</a> siduv maa on maa-ala, mis seob <a href="/wiki/Fossiilk%C3%BCtus" title="Fossiilkütus">fossiilkütuste</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%B5letamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Põletamine (pole veel kirjutatud)">põletamisel</a> tekkinud süsihappegaasi <sup id="cite_ref-Keskkond_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keskkond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. CO<sub>2</sub> satub <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A4%C3%A4r" title="Atmosfäär">atmosfääri</a> mitmel viisil. Looduslikud viisid on näitaks <a href="/wiki/Metsap%C3%B5leng" title="Metsapõleng">metsapõlengud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vulkaan" title="Vulkaan">vulkaanid</a> ning loomade ja mikroobide <a href="/wiki/Hingamine" title="Hingamine">hingamine</a>. Fossiilkütuste põletamine on peamine inimtekkeline CO<sub>2</sub> allikas<sup id="cite_ref-method_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-method-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Hoonestatud maapind on ehitiste alla olev maapind, kuhu kuuluvad näiteks <a href="/wiki/Elamu" title="Elamu">elamud</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%B6%C3%B6stuspiirkond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tööstuspiirkond (pole veel kirjutatud)">tööstuspiirkonnad</a>, teed ja teised <a href="/wiki/Infrastruktuur" class="mw-redirect" title="Infrastruktuur">infrastruktuurid</a> <sup id="cite_ref-Keskkond_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keskkond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 2008. aastal oli hoonestatud ala pindala umbes 170 miljonit hektarit<sup id="cite_ref-method_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-method-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Näitajad"><span id="N.C3.A4itajad"></span>Näitajad</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Näitajad"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Näitajad" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ökoloogilise jalajälje mõõtmisel kasutatakse rohkem kui 600 näitajat, mis iseloomustavad nii üksikisiku <a href="/wiki/Tarbimisharjumus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarbimisharjumus">tarbimisharjumusi</a>, piirkondlikke iseärasusi kui ka riigi majandamist eri valdkondades <sup id="cite_ref-Toom_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toom-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Levinumad on näiteks </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toit" title="Toit">toit</a> – mõju, mis on seotud toidu tarbimisega,</li> <li>peavari – mõju, mis on seotud elamispinnaga,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liiklus" title="Liiklus">liiklus</a> – mõju, mis tuleneb <a href="/wiki/Transport" title="Transport">transpordi</a> kasutamisest,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaup" title="Kaup">kaubad</a> – mõju, mis tuleneb kaupade tarbimisest,</li> <li>teenused – mõju, mis tuleneb teenuste kasutamisest.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arvutusmeetodid">Arvutusmeetodid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Arvutusmeetodid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Arvutusmeetodid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Üldistatud ökoloogilise jalajälje valem on järgmine: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle EF=\sum _{i=1}^{n}(D+N)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>E</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </munderover> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle EF=\sum _{i=1}^{n}(D+N)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7fa36d32134344ccd84ef54258e2bfa65ca95457" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:18.607ex; height:6.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle EF=\sum _{i=1}^{n}(D+N)}" /></span> ,</dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>kus EF on kogu ökoloogiline jalajälg, D otsene maakasutus, N lisaks vajaminev ala („energiamaa“, mida on vaja, et eristada CO<sub>2</sub> heidet fossiilkütuste põletamisest ja taastuvatest <a href="/wiki/Biok%C3%BCtus" title="Biokütus">biokütustest</a>). </p><p>Inimese mõju ökosüsteemile määratletakse järgmise valemiga </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I=PAT}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>I</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I=PAT}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bbd5ef03bd8fd8b77b434198c5d60f8cdebba6c7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:9.395ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I=PAT}" /></span> ,</dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>kus I on mõju, P populatsioon (rahvaarv), A jõukus (tarbimismäär inimese kohta või SKP) ja T tehnoloogia (tehnoloogilise muutuse (sh industrialiseerimise) tase)<sup id="cite_ref-Toom_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toom-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Põhilised andmed, millel NFA arvutused tuginevad, on pärit <a href="/wiki/%C3%9CRO" class="mw-redirect" title="ÜRO">ÜRO</a> esindustest, näiteks <a href="/w/index.php?title=FAOSTAT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FAOSTAT (pole veel kirjutatud)">FAOSTAT</a>-ist (ÜRO Toitlustus- ja Põllumajandusorganisatsiooni andmebaas), <a href="/w/index.php?title=UN_Comtrade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UN Comtrade (pole veel kirjutatud)">UN Comtrade</a>'ist (ÜRO kaubandusstatistika andmebaas) ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=IEA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEA (pole veel kirjutatud)">IEA</a>-st (Rahvusvahelisest Energiaagentuurist). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ühik"><span id=".C3.9Chik"></span>Ühik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Ühik"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Ühik" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ökoloogilist jalajälge väljendatakse standardiseeritud ühikutes: globaalhektarites inimese kohta aastas (gha/in/a). Üks globaalne hektar on tingühik, mis vastab maakera keskmise <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bioloogiline_tootlikus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bioloogiline tootlikus (pole veel kirjutatud)">bioloogilise tootlikkusega</a> hektarile (Maa viljakas pind jagatakse <a href="/wiki/Rahvaarv" title="Rahvaarv">rahvaarvuga</a>). Keskmiselt on meil 2 hektarit inimese kohta (2011. aasta seisuga).<sup id="cite_ref-Bioneer_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bioneer-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maa_eelarve_krahhi_päev"><span id="Maa_eelarve_krahhi_p.C3.A4ev"></span>Maa eelarve krahhi päev</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Maa eelarve krahhi päev"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Maa eelarve krahhi päev" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Maa eelarve krahhi päev märgib ajahetke, mil inimkond on ületanud aastaks ette antud loodusressursside eelarve ehk ressursikasutus on olnud suurem kui planeedi võime taastoota. </p> <blockquote><p>„See on nagu aastapalga äraraiskamine kolm kuud enne aasta lõppu ja seejärel <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A4%C3%A4stud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Säästud (pole veel kirjutatud)">säästudest</a> näpistamine, aastast aastasse. Üsna varsti saavad säästud otsa.“ </p><p style="text-align: right;"> – <cite><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathis_Wackernagel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathis Wackernagel (pole veel kirjutatud)">Mathis Wackernagel</a><br /><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=PhysOrg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PhysOrg (pole veel kirjutatud)">PhysOrg</a></i>, 20. september 2011</cite></p></blockquote><p>. </p><p>Igal aastal muutub Maa eelarve krahhi päev järjest varasemaks. 2012. aastal tarbisime ressursid, mida Maa suudab aastaga taastoota, ära kaheksa kuuga ja eelarve krahh saabus 22. augustil. Varasemad kuupäevad: </p> <ul><li>21. oktoober 1992</li> <li>3. oktoober 2002</li> <li>27. september 2011<sup id="cite_ref-nBBap_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nBBap-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>31. juuli 2019<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>28. juuli 2022<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Senised_tulemused">Senised tulemused</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Senised tulemused"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Senised tulemused" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Human_welfare_and_ecological_footprint_sustainability.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Human_welfare_and_ecological_footprint_sustainability.jpg/220px-Human_welfare_and_ecological_footprint_sustainability.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Human_welfare_and_ecological_footprint_sustainability.jpg/330px-Human_welfare_and_ecological_footprint_sustainability.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Human_welfare_and_ecological_footprint_sustainability.jpg/440px-Human_welfare_and_ecological_footprint_sustainability.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="522" /></a><figcaption>Heaolu ja ökoloogilise jalajälje vaheline seos</figcaption></figure> <p>Kõige värskemad andmed ilmusid 2011. aastal Rahvusvahelise Ökoloogilise jalajälje võrgustiku aruandes 2007. aasta andmete põhjal. Võrreldes 1961. aastaga on inimkonna jalajälg suurenenud 2,5 korda. Kõige enam on ökoloogilist jalajälge suurendanud <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCsiniku_jalaj%C3%A4lg" title="Süsiniku jalajälg">süsiniku jalajälg</a>, mis on 46 aastaga kasvanud 4,7 korda. Märgatav on ka rahvaarvu kiire kasv. Kui 1961. aastal elas Maal 3,1 miljardit inimest, siis 2007. aastaks oli see suurenenud 6,7 miljardile ehk enam kui kahekordistunud. <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Footprint_Accounts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Footprint Accounts (pole veel kirjutatud)">National Footprint Accountsi</a> 2010. aasta aruandest saab välja lugeda, et mida suuremm on <a href="/wiki/Heaolu" title="Heaolu">heaolu</a>, seda suurem on jalajälg. National Footprint Accounts jaotab maakera <a href="/wiki/Aafrika" title="Aafrika">Aafrikaks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aasia" title="Aasia">Aasiaks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euroopa" title="Euroopa">Euroopaks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ladina-Ameerika" title="Ladina-Ameerika">Ladina-Ameerikaks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angloameerika" title="Angloameerika">Angloameerikaks</a> ning <a href="/wiki/Austraalia_ja_Okeaania" title="Austraalia ja Okeaania">Austraaliaks ja Okeaaniaks</a>. Suurim jalajälg oli 2007. aastal Angloameerikal (7,9 ha/in/a). Järgnesid Austraalia ja Okeaania (5,4 ha/in/a) ning Euroopa (4,7 ha/in/a). </p><p>Riikide võrdluses olid esikümnes järgmised riigid: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Araabia_%C3%9Chendemiraadid" title="Araabia Ühendemiraadid">Araabia Ühendemiraadid</a> 10,7</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katar" title="Katar">Katar</a> 10,5</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taani" title="Taani">Taani</a> 8,3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgia" title="Belgia">Belgia</a> 8,0</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">USA</a> 8,0</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eesti" title="Eesti">Eesti</a> 7,9</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> 7,0</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austraalia" title="Austraalia">Austraalia</a> 6,8</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iirimaa" title="Iirimaa">Iirimaa</a> 6,3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuveit" title="Kuveit">Kuveit</a> 6,3</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vaata_ka">Vaata ka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCsiniku_jalaj%C3%A4lg" title="Süsiniku jalajälg">süsiniku jalajälg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96koloogiline_seljakott" title="Ökoloogiline seljakott">ökoloogiline seljakott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keskkonnaruum" title="Keskkonnaruum">keskkonnaruum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energiamahukus" title="Energiamahukus">energiamahukus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4lg_(ajakiri)" title="Jälg (ajakiri)">Jälg (ajakiri)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keskkonna_taluvusv%C3%B5ime" class="mw-redirect" title="Keskkonna taluvusvõime">keskkonna taluvusvõime</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Materjalinivoo_anal%C3%BC%C3%BCs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Materjalinivoo analüüs (pole veel kirjutatud)">materjalinivoo analüüs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4%C3%A4stva_arengu_indikaator" class="mw-redirect" title="Säästva arengu indikaator">säästva arengu indikaator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96koloogiline_kriis" title="Ökoloogiline kriis">ökoloogiline kriis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96kov%C3%B5lg" title="Ökovõlg">ökovõlg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digitaalne_jalaj%C3%A4lg" title="Digitaalne jalajälg">digitaalne jalajälg</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Wackernagel-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Wackernagel_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wackernagel 1996 cit. Poom 2010 (Eesti gümnaasiumiõpilaste ökoloogiline jalajälg)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IE9Us-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-IE9Us_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/world_footprint/">Global Footprint Network, 2012</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-method-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-method_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-method_3-1">3,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-method_3-2">3,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-method_3-3">3,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-method_3-4">3,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-method_3-5">3,5</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Borucke, G. Cranston, A. Galli, K. Gracey, K. Iha, J. Larson, E. Lazarus, D. Moore, J.C. Morales, M. Wackernagel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130205184326/http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/article_uploads/Global_Footprint_Network_Method_paper_NFA_2011_-_Draft.pdf">Calculation Methodology Paper 2011</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RELMZ-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-RELMZ_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">William E. Rees. Environment and Urbanisation 4 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160406113738/http://eau.sagepub.com/content/4/2/121">Ecological footprints and appropriated carrying capacity: what urban economics leaves out</a>, oktoober 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-M7P8X-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-M7P8X_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mathis Wackernagel, 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717034651/https://circle.ubc.ca/bitstream/handle/2429/7132/ubc_1994-954027.pdf?sequence=1">Ecological Footprint and Appropriated Carrying Capacity: A Tool for Planning Toward Sustainability</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UGpZj-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UGpZj_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mathis Wackernagel, 1991. "Land Use: Measuring a Community's Appropriated Carrying Capacity as an Indicator for Sustainability"; and "Using Appropriated Carrying Capacity as an Indicator, Measuring the Sustainability of a Community." Report I & II to the UBC Task Force on Healthy and Sustainable Communities, Vancouver</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-XKA2C-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-XKA2C_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">W. Safire. New York Times Magazine <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/17/magazine/17wwln-safire-t.html?_r=1&adxnnl=1&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&adxnnlx=1229007727-rHeHNAWQ6qCKYwJ6WbOsVg">On Language</a>, 17.02.2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0Mkgu-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-0Mkgu_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mathis Wackernagel ja William Rees (1996). "Our Ecological Footprint" (New Society Press)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Keskkond-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Keskkond_9-0">9,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Keskkond_9-1">9,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Keskkond_9-2">9,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Keskkond_9-3">9,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Keskkond_9-4">9,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Keskkond_9-5">9,5</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Kivinukk, J. Ruusmaa, M. Staak, K. Toom 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.recestonia.ee/keskkond/oppematerjal.pdf">Keskkond ja säästev areng</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:K%C3%B5dulingid#alaline" title="Vikipeedia:Kõdulingid"><span title=" Kõdulink (juuli 2022)">alaline kõdulink</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-E6r1t-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-E6r1t_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/footprint_basics_overview/">Global Footprint Network 2012</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9dNnT-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9dNnT_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/footprint_for_nations/">Global Footprint Network, 2012</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-xgaxC-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-xgaxC_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jalajalg.positium.ee/">Ökoloogilise jalajälje kalkulaator</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bioneer-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Bioneer_13-0">13,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Bioneer_13-1">13,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Bioneer.ee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111029080752/http://www.bioneer.ee/eluviis/tarbimine/aid-9107/Mis-on-%C3%B6koloogiline-jalaj%C3%A4lg-">Mis on ökoloogiline jalajälg?</a>, 08.10.2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toom-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Toom_14-0">14,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Toom_14-1">14,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">K. Toom 2009. „Ökoloogiline jalajälg“</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nBBap-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nBBap_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121120121756/http://news.discovery.com/earth/not-so-happy-earth-overshoot-day-110927.html#mkcpgn=rssnws1">Earth Overshoot Day Today. Discowery News 27.09.2011</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6066747">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.overshootday.org/newsroom/past-earth-overshoot-days/">"Past earth oversoot days"</a>. <i>Overshootday</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 1.03.2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Overshootday&rft.atitle=Past+earth+oversoot+days&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.overshootday.org%2Fnewsroom%2Fpast-earth-overshoot-days%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%96koloogiline+jalaj%C3%A4lg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.overshootday.org/">"This year, Earth Overshoot Day lands on July 28"</a>. <i>Overshootday</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 29.07.2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Overshootday&rft.atitle=This+year%2C+Earth+Overshoot+Day+lands+on+July+28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.overshootday.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%96koloogiline+jalaj%C3%A4lg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Välislingid"><span id="V.C3.A4lislingid"></span>Välislingid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg&action=edit&section=11" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6724296">.mw-parser-output table.side-box{margin:4px 0;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output th.side-box-text,.mw-parser-output td.side-box-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.side-box a>img{max-width:none!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output table.side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-left{margin-right:1em;border-collapse:collapse}}</style><table role="presentation" class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"> <tbody><tr> <td class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></td> <td class="side-box-text">Tsitaadid Vikitsitaatides: <b><a href="https://et.wikiquote.org/wiki/%C3%96koloogiline_jalaj%C3%A4lg" class="extiw" title="q:Ökoloogiline jalajälg">Ökoloogiline jalajälg</a></b></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jalajalg.positium.ee/">Eestikeelne ökoloogilise jalajälje kalkulaator</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/calculators/">Footprint Networki ökoloogilise jalajälje kalkulaator</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/public/story_page/008-41615-315-11-46-901-20081110STO41613-2008-10-11-2008/default_et.htm">Euroopa Parlamendi ökoloogiline jalajälg</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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