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class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>How do I report a bug?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-How_do_I_report_a_bug?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-How_do_I_suggest_a_new_feature?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#How_do_I_suggest_a_new_feature?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>How do I suggest a new feature?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-How_do_I_suggest_a_new_feature?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-What_software_is_used_to_run_Wikipedia?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_software_is_used_to_run_Wikipedia?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>What software is used to run Wikipedia?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What_software_is_used_to_run_Wikipedia?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-How_about_the_hardware?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#How_about_the_hardware?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>How about the hardware?</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-How_about_the_hardware?-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle How about the hardware? subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-How_about_the_hardware?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_situation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_situation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Current situation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_situation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_of_Wikipedia_hardware" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_Wikipedia_hardware"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>History of Wikipedia hardware</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_Wikipedia_hardware-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-How_about_the_connection?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#How_about_the_connection?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>How about the connection?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-How_about_the_connection?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-How_big_is_the_database?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#How_big_is_the_database?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>How big is the database?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-How_big_is_the_database?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-What_kind_of_markup_language_does_Wikipedia_use?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_kind_of_markup_language_does_Wikipedia_use?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>What kind of markup language does Wikipedia use?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What_kind_of_markup_language_does_Wikipedia_use?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Why_not_use_HTML?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Why_not_use_HTML?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Why not use HTML?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Why_not_use_HTML?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-So_we_can't_use_any_HTML?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#So_we_can't_use_any_HTML?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>So we can't use <i>any</i> HTML?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-So_we_can't_use_any_HTML?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-What_about_non-ASCII_characters,_and_special_symbols?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_about_non-ASCII_characters,_and_special_symbols?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>What about non-ASCII characters, and special symbols?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What_about_non-ASCII_characters,_and_special_symbols?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-What_about_math_topics,_which_require_many_special_symbols,_fonts,_and_graphics?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_about_math_topics,_which_require_many_special_symbols,_fonts,_and_graphics?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>What about math topics, which require many special symbols, fonts, and graphics?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What_about_math_topics,_which_require_many_special_symbols,_fonts,_and_graphics?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Is_it_possible_to_download_the_contents_of_Wikipedia?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Is_it_possible_to_download_the_contents_of_Wikipedia?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Is it possible to download the contents of Wikipedia?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Is_it_possible_to_download_the_contents_of_Wikipedia?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Is_there_a_library_to_query_Wikipedia_in_my_programming_language?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Is_there_a_library_to_query_Wikipedia_in_my_programming_language?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Is there a library to query Wikipedia in my programming language?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Is_there_a_library_to_query_Wikipedia_in_my_programming_language?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Does_Wikipedia_use_cookies?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Does_Wikipedia_use_cookies?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Does Wikipedia use cookies?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Does_Wikipedia_use_cookies?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Why_was_I_automatically_logged_out?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Why_was_I_automatically_logged_out?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Why was I automatically logged out?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Why_was_I_automatically_logged_out?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_software_that_runs_Wikipedia_is_great!_Can_I_use_it_for_my_site?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_software_that_runs_Wikipedia_is_great!_Can_I_use_it_for_my_site?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>The software that runs Wikipedia is great! Can I use it for my site?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_software_that_runs_Wikipedia_is_great!_Can_I_use_it_for_my_site?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Is_the_"random_article"_feature_really_random?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Is_the_"random_article"_feature_really_random?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20</span> <span>Is the "random article" feature really random?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Is_the_"random_article"_feature_really_random?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Are_page_hit_counters_available?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Are_page_hit_counters_available?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21</span> <span>Are page hit counters available?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Are_page_hit_counters_available?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Can_I_access_Wikipedia_via_HTTP,_due_to_problems_using_HTTPS?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Can_I_access_Wikipedia_via_HTTP,_due_to_problems_using_HTTPS?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22</span> <span>Can I access Wikipedia via HTTP, due to problems using HTTPS?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Can_I_access_Wikipedia_via_HTTP,_due_to_problems_using_HTTPS?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Are_there_currently_problems_with_the_servers_or_network?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Are_there_currently_problems_with_the_servers_or_network?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">23</span> <span>Are there currently problems with the servers or network?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Are_there_currently_problems_with_the_servers_or_network?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">24</span> <span>I have a problem not on this list, where do I go?</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle I have a problem not on this list, where do I go? subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-I_want_to_merge_my_multiple_user_accounts_into_one,_where_do_I_go?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I_want_to_merge_my_multiple_user_accounts_into_one,_where_do_I_go?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">24.1</span> <span>I want to merge my multiple user accounts into one, where do I go?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-I_want_to_merge_my_multiple_user_accounts_into_one,_where_do_I_go?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">25</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">FAQ/Technical</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%A9/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ويكيبيديا:أسئلة متكررة/تقنية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:أسئلة متكررة/تقنية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80" title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:সততে উদিত প্ৰশ্নসমূহ/কাৰিকৰী – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:সততে উদিত প্ৰশ্নসমূহ/কাৰিকৰী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%DA%86%D9%88%D8%AE_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ویکی‌پدیا:چوخ سوروشولان سواللار/فنی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:چوخ سوروشولان سواللار/فنی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:প্রায়শ জিজ্ঞাসিত প্রশ্ন/কারিগরী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:প্রায়শ জিজ্ঞাসিত প্রশ্ন/কারিগরী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A7%D0%97%D0%92" title="Уикипедия:Технически ЧЗВ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия:Технически ЧЗВ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Technische_FAQ" title="Hilfe:Technische FAQ – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hilfe:Technische FAQ" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayuda:FAQ_T%C3%A9cnico" title="Ayuda:FAQ Técnico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ayuda:FAQ Técnico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laguntza:Maiz_egindako_galderak/Teknikoa" title="Laguntza:Maiz egindako galderak/Teknikoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Laguntza:Maiz egindako galderak/Teknikoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC/%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ویکی‌پدیا:پرسش‌های رایج/فنی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:پرسش‌های رایج/فنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:FAQ/technique" title="Aide:FAQ/technique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aide:FAQ/technique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:FAQ/%EA%B8%B0%EC%88%A0%EC%A0%81_%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5" title="위키백과:FAQ/기술적 기능 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:FAQ/기술적 기능" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tanya_jawab_(Teknis)" title="Wikipedia:Tanya jawab (Teknis) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikipedia:Tanya jawab (Teknis)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ_(Technesch)" title="Wikipedia:FAQ (Technesch) – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wikipedia:FAQ (Technesch)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:FAQ_T%C3%A9cnico" title="Biquipédia:FAQ Técnico – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Biquipédia:FAQ Técnico" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ_%E3%83%86%E3%82%AF%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB" title="Wikipedia:FAQ テクニカル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:FAQ テクニカル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD/FAQ" title="Википеди:Форум/Техникин/FAQ – Chechen" lang="ce" 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<li> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Help:Contents"><img alt="Help" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Help-browser.svg/20px-Help-browser.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Help-browser.svg/30px-Help-browser.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Help-browser.svg/40px-Help-browser.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Help:Contents">Help</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Index">FAQs</a></li><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Technical</a> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="faq"> <div class="faq-header">Technical FAQ </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist nowraplinks" style="text-align:center; padding:4px 1em; border:1px solid #A3B1BF; background:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #f1f4fd); color:inherit;"><b>Frequently asked questions (FAQs)</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ" title="Wikipedia:FAQ">Index of FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Main" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Main">Main FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Overview" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Overview">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers">Readers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Schools" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Schools">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Contributing" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Contributing">Contributing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Editing" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Editing">Editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Featured_articles" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Featured articles">Featured articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Administrators" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Blocks" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Blocks">Blocks</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Technical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Problems" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Problems">Problems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Article_subjects" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Article subjects">Article subjects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categories" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Categories">Categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Copyright" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Copyright">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Forking" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Forking">Forking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Template" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Main_Page" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Main Page">Main Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Miscellaneous" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Miscellaneous">Miscellaneous</a> <div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style=""><form name="searchbox" class="searchbox mw-inputbox-form-inline" action="/wiki/Special:Search"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input class="mw-searchInput searchboxInput cdx-text-input__input" name="search" placeholder="" size="22" dir="ltr"/></div><input type="hidden" value="Wikipedia:FAQ" name="prefix"/> <input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Search the FAQs" class="cdx-button"/><input type="hidden" value="Search" name="fulltext"/></form></div></li></ul> </div> <p><br/> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:TFAQ"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:TFAQ&redirect=no">WP:TFAQ</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>This FAQ answers some questions related to the technical workings of Wikipedia, including software and hardware. </p><p><i>Note: If you're trying to get help for a specific technical problem that isn't answered by the FAQs, read <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Troubleshooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Troubleshooting">Wikipedia:Troubleshooting</a> or ask question at the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)">technical village pump</a>.</i> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_happens_if_two_or_more_people_are_editing_the_same_page?" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_happens_if_two_or_more_people_are_editing_the_same_page?"><span id="What_happens_if_two_or_more_people_are_editing_the_same_page.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_happens_if_two_or_more_people_are_editing_the_same_page?"></span>What happens if two or more people are editing the same page?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_happens_if_two_or_more_people_are_editing_the_same_page?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: What happens if two or more people are editing the same page?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>When the second person (and later people) attempts to save the page, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:MediaWiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> will attempt to merge their changes into the current version of the text. If the merge fails, the user will receive an "edit conflict" message, and the opportunity to merge their changes manually. If multiple consecutive conflicts are noticed, it will generate a slightly different message.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>See <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">Help:Edit conflict</a> for more information.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_do_I_recover_a_password_I_have_forgotten?" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_do_I_recover_a_password_I_have_forgotten?"><span id="How_do_I_recover_a_password_I_have_forgotten.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_do_I_recover_a_password_I_have_forgotten?"></span>How do I recover a password I have forgotten?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_do_I_recover_a_password_I_have_forgotten?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: How do I recover a password I have forgotten?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>If you entered your e-mail address when you signed up, you can have a new password generated. Click on the "<a href="/wiki/Special:UserLogin" title="Special:UserLogin">Log in</a>" link in the upper-right corner. Follow the link near the bottom of the page titled "<span style="color:blue">Forgot your password?</span>"</dd> <dd>On the <a href="/wiki/Special:PasswordReset" title="Special:PasswordReset">Reset password page</a>, which loads, enter <i>either</i> your username <i>or</i> your email address (the one you associated with the username), and select the <span style="color:white; background-color:red; padding:0.2em;">Reset password</span> button.</dd> <dd>You should receive an e-mail message with a new random password; you can use it to log in. You will then be presented with the opportunity to change your password to something you'll remember.</dd> <dd>If, however, you did not enter an e-mail address, you cannot recover your account. Simply create a new account and declare that you had a previous account.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_do_I_change_my_password?" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_do_I_change_my_password?"><span id="How_do_I_change_my_password.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_do_I_change_my_password?"></span>How do I change my password?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_do_I_change_my_password?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: How do I change my password?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>You can change your password via <a href="/wiki/Special:ChangePassword" title="Special:ChangePassword">Special:ChangePassword</a>; you can also find a link to this in <a href="/wiki/Special:Preferences" title="Special:Preferences">your preferences</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_do_I_report_a_bug?" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_do_I_report_a_bug?"><span id="How_do_I_report_a_bug.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_do_I_report_a_bug?"></span>How do I report a bug?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_do_I_report_a_bug?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: How do I report a bug?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>The developers use the <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="phab:">Phabricator</a> bug tracking tool to keep track of bugs. Anybody is welcome to create an account there and report any bugs they encounter; however, if you prefer, you can post about your bug at the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VPT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VPT">technical village pump</a>. For more information, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bug_reports" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Bug reports">Bug reports</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_do_I_suggest_a_new_feature?" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_do_I_suggest_a_new_feature?"><span id="How_do_I_suggest_a_new_feature.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_do_I_suggest_a_new_feature?"></span>How do I suggest a new feature?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_do_I_suggest_a_new_feature?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: How do I suggest a new feature?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>To make an official feature request, use <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="phab:">Phabricator</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_software_is_used_to_run_Wikipedia?" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_software_is_used_to_run_Wikipedia?"><span id="What_software_is_used_to_run_Wikipedia.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_software_is_used_to_run_Wikipedia?"></span>What software is used to run Wikipedia?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_software_is_used_to_run_Wikipedia?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: What software is used to run Wikipedia?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Wikipedia currently runs on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:MediaWiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a>, created by <a href="/wiki/Lee_Daniel_Crocker" title="Lee Daniel Crocker">Lee Daniel Crocker</a> and written in <a href="/wiki/PHP_7" class="mw-redirect" title="PHP 7">PHP 7</a>. We adopted this software in July 2002. Wikipedia originally ran on <a href="/wiki/UseModWiki" title="UseModWiki">UseModWiki</a>, a general wiki script by <a href="/wiki/User:Clifford_Adams" title="User:Clifford Adams">Clifford Adams</a> written in <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a>. In January 2002, we switched to the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Phase_II_software" title="Wikipedia:Phase II software">Phase II software</a> written by <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Manske" title="Magnus Manske">Magnus Manske</a> in <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a>.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><ul><li>database backend: <a href="/wiki/MariaDB" title="MariaDB">MariaDB</a></li> <li>frontend and caching: <a href="/wiki/Apache_Traffic_Server" title="Apache Traffic Server">ATS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Varnish_(software)" title="Varnish (software)">Varnish</a></li> <li>application server: <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache</a></li> <li>domain-name service: gdnsd</li> <li>Search: <a href="/wiki/Lucene" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucene">Lucene</a>-based <a href="/wiki/ElasticSearch" class="mw-redirect" title="ElasticSearch">ElasticSearch</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dd>See <a href="/wiki/Special:Version" title="Special:Version">Special:Version</a> for software versions. The Wikipedia servers' <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> is <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, using the <a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a> distribution. Previously, <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubuntu (operating system)">Ubuntu</a> was used. For details, see <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers" class="extiw" title="m:Wikimedia servers">Wikimedia servers</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_about_the_hardware?" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_about_the_hardware?"><span id="How_about_the_hardware.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_about_the_hardware?"></span>How about the hardware?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_about_the_hardware?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: How about the hardware?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_situation" data-mw-thread-id="h-Current_situation-How_about_the_hardware?"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Current_situation-How_about_the_hardware?"></span>Current situation<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Current_situation-How_about_the_hardware?"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Current situation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>See <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers" class="extiw" title="m:Wikimedia servers">m:Wikimedia servers</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_of_Wikipedia_hardware" data-mw-thread-id="h-History_of_Wikipedia_hardware-How_about_the_hardware?"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-History_of_Wikipedia_hardware-How_about_the_hardware?"></span>History of Wikipedia hardware<span data-mw-comment-end="h-History_of_Wikipedia_hardware-How_about_the_hardware?"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: History of Wikipedia hardware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>A brief history of Wikipedia servers:</dd> <dd><b>Phase I: January 2001 – January 2002</b> <ol><li>One of <a href="/wiki/Bomis" title="Bomis">Bomis</a>'s servers hosted all Wikipedia wikis running on <a href="/wiki/UseModWiki" title="UseModWiki">UseModWiki</a> software</li></ol></dd> <dd><b>Phase II: January 2002 – July 2002</b> <ol><li>One of Bomis's servers hosted all Wikipedia wikis; English and meta running on the php/mysql-based new software, all other languages on UseModWiki. Runs both the database and the web server on one machine.</li></ol></dd> <dd><b>Phase IIIa: July 2002 – May 2003</b> <ol><li>Wikipedia gets own server, running English Wikipedia and after a bit meta, with rewritten PHP software. Runs both the database and the web server on one machine.</li> <li>One of Bomis's servers continues to host some of the other languages on UseModWiki, but most of the active ones are gradually moved over to the other server during this period.</li></ol></dd> <dd><b>Phase IIIb: May 2003 – Feb 2004</b> <ol><li>Wikipedia's server is given the code name "pliny". It serves the database for all phase 3 wikis and the web for all but English.</li> <li>New server, code name "larousse", serves the web pages for the English Wikipedia only. Plans to move all languages' web serving to this machine are put on hold until load is brought down with more efficient software or larousse is upgraded to be faster.</li> <li>One of Bomis's servers continued to host some of the other languages on UseModWiki until it died. All are now hosted on pliny; a few more of the active ones have been gradually moved over to the new software, and an eventual complete conversion is planned.</li></ol></dd> <dd><b>Phase IIIc: Feb 2004 to Present</b> <ol><li>Wikipedia gets a whole new set of servers, paid for through donations to the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>.</li> <li>The new architecture has a new database server (suda), with a set of separate systems running Apache, as well as "squids" that cache results (to reduce the load). More details are at <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers" class="extiw" title="m:Wikimedia servers">m:Wikimedia servers</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers/hardware_orders" class="extiw" title="m:Wikimedia servers/hardware orders">New servers bought</a> as needed, bringing total number to about 350 servers.</li></ol></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_about_the_connection?" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_about_the_connection?"><span id="How_about_the_connection.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_about_the_connection?"></span>How about the connection?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_about_the_connection?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: How about the connection?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Wikimedia Foundation has multiple facilities spread out worldwide served by different bandwidth suppliers.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Statistics" title="Wikipedia:Statistics">Wikipedia:Statistics</a> page for information about bandwidth usage.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_big_is_the_database?" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_big_is_the_database?"><span id="How_big_is_the_database.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_big_is_the_database?"></span>How big is the database?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_big_is_the_database?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: How big is the database?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks ombox ombox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text">Parts of this Wikipedia page (those related to section) need to be <b>updated</b>. Please help update this Wikipedia page to reflect recent events or newly available information. Relevant discussion may be found on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:FAQ/Technical" title="Wikipedia talk:FAQ/Technical"> the talk page</a>. <small><i>(November 2022)</i></small></td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd>As of 2012, the combined size of the databases being backed up was between 4 and 6 TB for the copies of the Primary database, and perhaps 27 TB for the images and media (based on <a href="https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Backup_procedures" class="extiw" title="wikitech:Backup procedures">wikitech:Backup procedures</a>).</dd></dl> <dl><dd>Early in Wikipedia's history, in February 2003 the database was about 4 GB in size. By April 2004, it was growing at about 1 to 1.4 GB per week, and by October 2004, it had grown to about 170 GB.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>Uploaded files took up approximately 372 gigabytes lc<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=FAQ/Technical&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, excluding thumbnails.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>For current information, see <a href="https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Backup_procedures" class="extiw" title="wikitech:Backup procedures">wikitech:Backup procedures</a>.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>Compressed database dumps can be downloaded at <a class="external free" href="https://dumps.wikimedia.org/">https://dumps.wikimedia.org/</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_kind_of_markup_language_does_Wikipedia_use?" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_kind_of_markup_language_does_Wikipedia_use?"><span id="What_kind_of_markup_language_does_Wikipedia_use.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_kind_of_markup_language_does_Wikipedia_use?"></span>What kind of <a href="/wiki/Markup_language" title="Markup language">markup language</a> does Wikipedia use?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_kind_of_markup_language_does_Wikipedia_use?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: What kind of markup language does Wikipedia use?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Wikipedia uses <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikitext" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Wikitext">wikitext</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Why_not_use_HTML?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Why_not_use_HTML?"><span id="Why_not_use_HTML.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Why_not_use_HTML?"></span>Why not use <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a>?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Why_not_use_HTML?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Why not use HTML?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>The short answer is: for simplicity and security.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>And now the longer answer. Wikipedia, and <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">wikis</a> in general, are meant to be edited on the fly. HTML is not easy to use when you simply want to write an article. Creating links gives us a particularly dramatic example. To link to the Paris article using HTML, one would have to type</dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Paris">Paris</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd>Using MediaWiki markup is much easier:</dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dd>[[Paris]]</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd>A special markup language even allows you to "transclude" special snippets of code, called <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index" title="Wikipedia:Template index">templates</a>, into wiki pages. (You can also "substitute" the code for that template, effectively copying and pasting it into the document.)</dd></dl> <dl><dd>Then there's security. Different <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browsers</a> have bugs that can be exploited via HTML. Malicious users could also do things like <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> popup windows or page redirects if they had full HTML ability on Wikipedia. Several "experimental" sites that allowed full-HTML editing have suffered such attacks, including a couple of other wikis that allowed arbitrary HTML.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="So_we_can't_use_any_HTML?" data-mw-thread-id="h-So_we_can't_use_any_HTML?"><span id="So_we_can.27t_use_any_HTML.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-So_we_can't_use_any_HTML?"></span>So we can't use <i>any</i> HTML?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-So_we_can't_use_any_HTML?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: So we can't use any HTML?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>That's not true. Certain <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> tags work—namely the ones in <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext#Permitted_HTML" class="extiw" title="mw:Help:HTML in wikitext">this list</a>. It's still best not to rely on using HTML directly, because support for these tags is not always guaranteed to remain; they might affect the results achieved with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a>; and if you can achieve your needed effect using only WikiText markup, you're most likely to get a result that is stable when the MediaWiki software is updated.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_about_non-ASCII_characters,_and_special_symbols?" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_about_non-ASCII_characters,_and_special_symbols?"><span id="What_about_non-ASCII_characters.2C_and_special_symbols.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_about_non-ASCII_characters,_and_special_symbols?"></span>What about non-<a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> characters, and special symbols?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_about_non-ASCII_characters,_and_special_symbols?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: What about non-ASCII characters, and special symbols?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Wikipedia uses Unicode (specifically <a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8">UTF-8</a>) and most browsers can handle it. Font issues mean that more obscure characters may not work for many users. See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Special_characters" class="extiw" title="meta:Help:Special characters">Meta:Help:Special characters</a> page for a detailed discussion of what is generally safe and what isn't.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>See <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.unicode.org/help/display_problems.html">http://www.unicode.org/help/display_problems.html</a> for instructions on how to enable Unicode support for most platforms.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_about_math_topics,_which_require_many_special_symbols,_fonts,_and_graphics?" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_about_math_topics,_which_require_many_special_symbols,_fonts,_and_graphics?"><span id="What_about_math_topics.2C_which_require_many_special_symbols.2C_fonts.2C_and_graphics.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_about_math_topics,_which_require_many_special_symbols,_fonts,_and_graphics?"></span>What about math topics, which require many special symbols, fonts, and graphics?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_about_math_topics,_which_require_many_special_symbols,_fonts,_and_graphics?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: What about math topics, which require many special symbols, fonts, and graphics?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Just use <a href="/wiki/TeX" title="TeX">TeX</a>! See <a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Help:Displaying a formula</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Is_it_possible_to_download_the_contents_of_Wikipedia?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Is_it_possible_to_download_the_contents_of_Wikipedia?"><span id="Is_it_possible_to_download_the_contents_of_Wikipedia.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Is_it_possible_to_download_the_contents_of_Wikipedia?"></span>Is it possible to download the contents of Wikipedia?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Is_it_possible_to_download_the_contents_of_Wikipedia?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Is it possible to download the contents of Wikipedia?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Yes, the complete text and editing history of all Wikipedia pages can be downloaded. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Database_download" title="Wikipedia:Database download">Wikipedia:Database download</a>.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>Note that downloading the database dumps is <b>much</b> preferred over trying to spider the entire site. Spidering the site will take you much longer, and puts a lot of load on the server (especially if you ignore our <a class="external text" href="https://www.wikipedia.org/robots.txt">robots.txt</a> and spider over billions of combinations of diffs and whatnot). Heavy spidering can lead to your spider, or your IP, being barred with prejudice from access to the site. Legitimate spiders (for instance search engine indexers) are encouraged to wait about a minute between requests, follow the robots.txt, and if possible only work during less loaded hours (2:00–14:00 UTC is the lighter half of the day).</dd></dl> <dl><dd>The uploaded images and other media files are not currently bundled in an easily downloadable form; if you need one, please contact the developers on the <a class="external text" href="https://mail.wikipedia.org/mailman/listinfo/wikitech-l">wikitech-l mailing list</a>. Please <i>do not</i> spider the whole site to get images.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Is_there_a_library_to_query_Wikipedia_in_my_programming_language?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Is_there_a_library_to_query_Wikipedia_in_my_programming_language?"><span id="Is_there_a_library_to_query_Wikipedia_in_my_programming_language.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Is_there_a_library_to_query_Wikipedia_in_my_programming_language?"></span>Is there a library to query Wikipedia in my programming language?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Is_there_a_library_to_query_Wikipedia_in_my_programming_language?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Is there a library to query Wikipedia in my programming language?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Generally speaking, yes. Client code is available in many languages, see <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Client_code" class="extiw" title="mw:API:Client code">here</a> for a non-exhaustive list. See also the <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Main_page" class="extiw" title="mw:API:Main page">API documentation</a> and our <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Creating_a_bot" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Creating a bot">bot tutorial</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Does_Wikipedia_use_cookies?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Does_Wikipedia_use_cookies?"><span id="Does_Wikipedia_use_cookies.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Does_Wikipedia_use_cookies?"></span>Does Wikipedia use <a href="/wiki/HTTP_cookie" title="HTTP cookie">cookies</a>?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Does_Wikipedia_use_cookies?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Does Wikipedia use cookies?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Cookies are not required to read or edit Wikipedia, but they are required in order to <a href="/wiki/Special:UserLogin" title="Special:UserLogin">log in</a> and link your edits to a user account.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>When you log in, the wiki will set a temporary session cookie which identifies your login session; this will be expired when your browser exits (or after an inactivity timeout), and is not saved on your hard drive.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>Another cookie will be saved which lists the user name you last logged in under, to make subsequent logins just a teensy bit easier. (Actually two: one with your name, and one with your account's internal ID number; they must match up.) These cookies expire after 365 days. If this worries you, clear your cookies after completing your session.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>If you check the "remember my password" box on the login form, another cookie will be saved with a token that authenticates you to our servers (which is unrelated to your password). As long as this remains valid, you can bypass the login step on subsequent visits to the wiki. The cookie <a href="/wiki/HTTP_cookie#Expiration" title="HTTP cookie">expires</a> after 365 days, or is removed if you <a href="/wiki/Special:UserLogout" title="Special:UserLogout">log out</a>. If this worries you, don't use the option. (You should not use it on a public terminal!)</dd></dl> <dl><dd>See the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cookie_statement" class="extiw" title="wmf:Cookie statement">cookie statement</a> linked at the bottom of each page for other details.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Why_was_I_automatically_logged_out?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Why_was_I_automatically_logged_out?"><span id="Why_was_I_automatically_logged_out.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Why_was_I_automatically_logged_out?"></span>Why was I automatically logged out?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Why_was_I_automatically_logged_out?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Why was I automatically logged out?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>This could be a result of your cookie, browser cache, or firewall/Internet security settings. Or, to quote <a href="/wiki/User:Tim_Starling" title="User:Tim Starling">Tim Starling</a> (referring to a question about "remembering password across sessions"):</dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237805129">.mw-parser-output .talkquote{color:var(--color-base,#202122);background-color:#eaf8f4;border-left:3px solid #008560;padding:0 .8em;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .talkquote-by,.mw-parser-output .talkquote-source{margin-left:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .skin-vector-2022 .talkquote>:last-child{padding-bottom:0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .talkquote{background-color:#0d261f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .talkquote{background-color:#0d261f}}</style><blockquote class="talkquote"> <p>"The kind of session isn't a network session strictly speaking, it's an HTTP session, managed by PHP's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.session.php">session handling functions</a>. This kind of session works by setting a cookie, just like the "remember password" feature. The difference is that the session cookie has the "discard" attribute set, which means that it is discarded when you close your browser. This is done to prevent others from using your account after you have left the computer. </p><p>The other difference is that PHP sessions store the user ID and other such information on the server side. Only a "session key" is sent to the user. The remember password feature stores all required authentication information in the cookie itself. On our servers, the session information is stored in <a href="/wiki/Memcached" title="Memcached">memcached</a>, a system for non-durable (unreliable) caching. Session information may occasionally be lost or go missing temporarily, causing users to be logged out. <i>The simplest workaround for this is to use the remember password feature</i>, as long as you are not worried about other people using the same computer." </p> <p><br/><span class="talkquote-source">— <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)">Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)</a> on May 4, 2005 (italics added)</span></p></blockquote> <dl><dd>In other words: click the "remember me" box when logging in.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>See also <a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Help:Logging in</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="The_software_that_runs_Wikipedia_is_great!_Can_I_use_it_for_my_site?" data-mw-thread-id="h-The_software_that_runs_Wikipedia_is_great!_Can_I_use_it_for_my_site?"><span id="The_software_that_runs_Wikipedia_is_great.21_Can_I_use_it_for_my_site.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-The_software_that_runs_Wikipedia_is_great!_Can_I_use_it_for_my_site?"></span>The software that runs Wikipedia is great! Can I use it for my site?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-The_software_that_runs_Wikipedia_is_great!_Can_I_use_it_for_my_site?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: The software that runs Wikipedia is great! Can I use it for my site?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>You can, but depending on your needs you might be better served using something else; <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> is big and complex. First, see <a href="/wiki/Wiki_software" title="Wiki software">Wiki software</a> for a list of alternative wiki software.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>If, after scanning, you're still sure you want to use MediaWiki, see <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki" class="extiw" title="mw:MediaWiki">the MediaWiki web site</a> for details on downloading, installing and configuring the software.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Is_the_"random_article"_feature_really_random?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Is_the_"random_article"_feature_really_random?"><span id="Is_the_.22random_article.22_feature_really_random.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Is_the_"random_article"_feature_really_random?"></span>Is the "random article" feature really random? <span class="anchor" id="random"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Is_the_"random_article"_feature_really_random?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Is the "random article" feature really random?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>No, although it's random enough to provide a small sample of articles reliably.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>In the Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">database</a>, each page is assigned a "random index", which is a random floating point number uniformly distributed between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive). The "random article" feature (Special:Random) chooses a random <a href="/wiki/Double-precision" class="mw-redirect" title="Double-precision">double-precision floating-point number</a>, and returns the next article whose random index is greater than the selected random number. Some articles will have a larger gap before them, in the random index space, and so will be more likely to be selected. So the actual probability of any given article being selected is in fact itself random.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>The random index value for new articles, and the random value used by Special:Random, is selected by reading two 31-bit words from a <a href="/wiki/Mersenne_twister" class="mw-redirect" title="Mersenne twister">Mersenne twister</a>, which is seeded at each request by PHP's initialisation code using a high-resolution timer and the PID. The words are combined using:</dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dd>(mt_rand() * $max + mt_rand()) / $max / $max</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd>Some old articles had their page_random value reset using MySQL's RAND():</dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dd>rand_st->seed1=(rand_st->seed1*3+rand_st->seed2) % rand_st->max_value;</dd> <dd>rand_st->seed2=(rand_st->seed1+rand_st->seed2+33) % rand_st->max_value;</dd> <dd>return (((double) rand_st->seed1)/rand_st->max_value_dbl);</dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd>Due to <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T208909" class="extiw" title="phab:T208909">a bug</a>, many pages created in 2004 and 2005 used to have non-random page_random values; this was corrected in 2018.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Are_page_hit_counters_available?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Are_page_hit_counters_available?"><span id="Are_page_hit_counters_available.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Are_page_hit_counters_available?"></span><span id="HIT"></span>Are page hit counters available?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Are_page_hit_counters_available?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Are page hit counters available?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Yes. "Page information" under "Tools" in the desktop sidebar shows "Page views in the past 30 days" with a link to a simple graph.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>There is an advanced <a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/pageviews/?project=en.wikipedia.org">pageviews analysis</a> tool, maintained by the Wikimedia Foundation, which allows you to view hit counts for one page or for multiple pages concurrently. Additionally, the weekly <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Top25Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Top25Report">Top 25 Report</a> provides a list of the 25 most popular articles (with commentary) in the last week.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Can_I_access_Wikipedia_via_HTTP,_due_to_problems_using_HTTPS?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Can_I_access_Wikipedia_via_HTTP,_due_to_problems_using_HTTPS?"><span id="Can_I_access_Wikipedia_via_HTTP.2C_due_to_problems_using_HTTPS.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Can_I_access_Wikipedia_via_HTTP,_due_to_problems_using_HTTPS?"></span>Can I access Wikipedia via HTTP, due to problems using HTTPS?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Can_I_access_Wikipedia_via_HTTP,_due_to_problems_using_HTTPS?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Can I access Wikipedia via HTTP, due to problems using HTTPS?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>No. In 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> decided to move to only allow access via <a href="/wiki/HTTPS" title="HTTPS">HTTPS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> access is no longer available, and automatically redirects requests to <a href="/wiki/HTTPS" title="HTTPS">HTTPS</a> access. <a href="/wiki/HTTP_Strict_Transport_Security" title="HTTP Strict Transport Security">HTTP Strict Transport Security</a> is enabled, so recent browsers should actually refuse to even attempt to connect via HTTP (automatically rewriting URLs into HTTPS before connecting), after the first successful connection via HTTPS.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Are_there_currently_problems_with_the_servers_or_network?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Are_there_currently_problems_with_the_servers_or_network?"><span id="Are_there_currently_problems_with_the_servers_or_network.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Are_there_currently_problems_with_the_servers_or_network?"></span>Are there currently problems with the servers or network?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Are_there_currently_problems_with_the_servers_or_network?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Are there currently problems with the servers or network?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>For the current server or network status, please see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediastatus.net/">www.wikimediastatus.net</a>. More detailed information about specific services can be found on <a class="external text" href="https://grafana.wikimedia.org">Grafana</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?" data-mw-thread-id="h-I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?"><span id="I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list.2C_where_do_I_go.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?"></span>I have a problem not on this list, where do I go?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: I have a problem not on this list, where do I go?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Troubleshooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a>—if it's not on there try the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)">village pump</a>. For help with a particular software task see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Computer_help_desk" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Computer help desk">Wikipedia:Computer help desk</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="I_want_to_merge_my_multiple_user_accounts_into_one,_where_do_I_go?" data-mw-thread-id="h-I_want_to_merge_my_multiple_user_accounts_into_one,_where_do_I_go?-I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?"><span id="I_want_to_merge_my_multiple_user_accounts_into_one.2C_where_do_I_go.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-I_want_to_merge_my_multiple_user_accounts_into_one,_where_do_I_go?-I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?"></span>I want to merge my multiple user accounts into one, where do I go?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-I_want_to_merge_my_multiple_user_accounts_into_one,_where_do_I_go?-I_have_a_problem_not_on_this_list,_where_do_I_go?"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: I want to merge my multiple user accounts into one, where do I go?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>As of 2021 it is technically difficult/unavailable with the risk of database logs/history corruption. See <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T154290" class="extiw" title="phab:T154290">T154290</a>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWelinderBaranetskyBlack2015" class="citation web cs1"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:YWelinder_(WMF)" class="extiw" title="foundation:User:YWelinder (WMF)">Welinder, Yana</a>; <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:VBaranetsky_(WMF)" class="extiw" title="foundation:User:VBaranetsky (WMF)">Baranetsky, Victoria</a>; <a href="/wiki/User:BBlack_(WMF)" title="User:BBlack (WMF)">Black, Brandon</a> (12 June 2015). <a class="external text" href="https://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/06/12/securing-wikimedia-sites-with-https/">"Securing access to Wikimedia sites with HTTPS"</a>. <i><a href="https://diff.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="wmfblog:">Wikimedia blog</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2016</span>. <q>Today, we are happy to start the final steps of this transition, and we expect completion within a couple of weeks.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wikimedia+blog&rft.atitle=Securing+access+to+Wikimedia+sites+with+HTTPS&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft.aulast=Welinder&rft.aufirst=Yana&rft.au=Baranetsky%2C+Victoria&rft.au=Black%2C+Brandon&rft_id=%2F%2Fblog.wikimedia.org%2F2015%2F06%2F12%2Fsecuring-wikimedia-sites-with-https%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3AFAQ%2FTechnical" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <p><br/> </p> <hr/> <p><b>More FAQ topics</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist nowraplinks" style="text-align:center; padding:4px 1em; border:1px solid #A3B1BF; background:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle, #f1f4fd); color:inherit;"><b>Frequently asked questions (FAQs)</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ" title="Wikipedia:FAQ">Index of FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Main" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Main">Main FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Overview" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Overview">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers">Readers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Schools" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Schools">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Contributing" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Contributing">Contributing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Editing" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Editing">Editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Featured_articles" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Featured articles">Featured articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Administrators" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Blocks" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Blocks">Blocks</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Technical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Problems" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Problems">Problems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Article_subjects" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Article subjects">Article subjects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categories" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Categories">Categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Copyright" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Copyright">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Forking" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Forking">Forking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Template" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Main_Page" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Main Page">Main Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Miscellaneous" 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abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template talk:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_technical_help" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory#Technical_help" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia technical help</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><b>Get personal technical help at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">the Teahouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">help desk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)">village pump (technical)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_talk_pages/1" title="Help:Introduction to talk pages/1">talk pages</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a>.</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">General<br/>technical help</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Browser_notes" title="Wikipedia:Browser notes">Browser notes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bypass_your_cache" title="Wikipedia:Bypass your cache">Bypass cache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Keyboard_shortcuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Keyboard shortcuts">Keyboard shortcuts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:CharInsert" title="Help:CharInsert">CharInsert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">Edit conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">Edit toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_a_page" title="Wikipedia:How to create a page">How to create a page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial">Tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support" title="Help:Multilingual support">Multilingual support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">Page history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_information" title="Help:Page information">Page information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Printing" title="Help:Printing">Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Software_notices" title="Wikipedia:Software notices">Software notices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editnotice" title="Wikipedia:Editnotice">Editnotice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">Special Characters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Entering_special_characters" title="Help:Entering special characters">Entering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">User access levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:VisualEditor" title="Help:VisualEditor">Help</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Special:SpecialPages">Special<br/>page</a>-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special page help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:AllPages" title="Help:AllPages">AllPages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter">Edit filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">Emailing users</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Reset passwords</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Log" title="Help:Log">Logs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_a_page" title="Wikipedia:Moving a page">Moving a page</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_merging" title="Wikipedia:History merging">History merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:When_to_place_technical_requests_in_%22Administrator_needed%22" title="Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"">Non-admin and admin-only page moves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications" title="Help:Notifications">Notifications/Echo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications/FAQ" title="Help:Notifications/FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_Curation/Help" title="Wikipedia:Page Curation/Help">Page Curation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Import" title="Help:Import">Page import</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">Pending changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Random" title="Wikipedia:Random">Random pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Recent_changes" title="Help:Recent changes">Recent changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Related_changes" title="Help:Related changes">Related changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Linksearch" title="Help:Linksearch">Linksearch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tags" title="Wikipedia:Tags">Tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Watchlist" title="Help:Watchlist">Watchlist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:What_links_here" title="Help:What links here">What links here</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Line-break_handling" title="Help:Line-break handling">Line-break handling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words_for_beginners" title="Help:Magic words for beginners">For beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_expressions" title="Help:Conditional expressions">Conditional expressions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Switch_parser_function" title="Help:Switch parser function">Switch parser function</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Time_function" title="Help:Time function">Time function</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections and TOCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_tables_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Basic_table_markup" title="Help:Basic table markup">Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Advanced_table_formatting" title="Help:Advanced table formatting">Advanced table formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Collapsing" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Collapsing">Collapsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_tables" title="Help:Conditional tables">Conditional tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sortable_tables" title="Help:Sortable tables">Sortable tables</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Using_colours" title="Help:Using colours">Using colours</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">diffs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">Interlanguage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interwiki_linking" title="Help:Interwiki linking">Interwiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">Permanent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diffs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplest_diff_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide">Simplest diff guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide">Simple diff and link guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Complete_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide">Complete diff and link guide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">Colon trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">Link color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pipe_trick" title="Help:Pipe trick">Pipe trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URLs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:Media">Media</a> files: images,<br/>videos and sounds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">Media help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creation_and_usage_of_media_files" title="Help:Creation and usage of media files">Creation and usage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_files_to_Commons" title="Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons">Moving files to Commons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Images" title="Wikipedia:Images">Images</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_images_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to images with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction to images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Preparing_images_for_upload" title="Wikipedia:Preparing images for upload">Preparing images for upload</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uploading_images" title="Wikipedia:Uploading images">Uploading images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Options_to_hide_an_image" title="Help:Options to hide an image">Options to hide an image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extended_image_syntax" title="Wikipedia:Extended image syntax">Extended image syntax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SVG_help" title="Wikipedia:SVG help">SVG help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Gallery_tag" title="Help:Gallery tag">Gallery tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_bitmap_image_editing" title="Wikipedia:Basic bitmap image editing">Basic bitmap image editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_improve_image_quality" title="Wikipedia:How to improve image quality">How to improve image quality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_Lab/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Graphics Lab/Resources">Graphics Lab resources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sound file markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual file markup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Other graphics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Family_trees" title="Help:Family trees">Family trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphs_and_charts" title="Wikipedia:Graphs and charts">Graphs and charts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_charts_for_Wikipedia_articles" title="Wikipedia:How to create charts for Wikipedia articles">How to create</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:To_scale_charts" title="Wikipedia:To scale charts">To scale charts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math formulas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula#Use_of_HTML_templates" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Score" title="Help:Score">Musical scores</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Musical symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Timeline" title="Wikipedia:Timeline">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:EasyTimeline_syntax" title="Help:EasyTimeline syntax">EasyTimeline syntax</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WikiHiero_syntax" title="Help:WikiHiero syntax">WikiHiero syntax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:A_quick_guide_to_templates" title="Help:A quick guide to templates">Templates</a> and<br/><a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a> modules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advanced_template_coding" title="Wikipedia:Advanced template coding">Advanced template coding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_documentation" title="Wikipedia:Template documentation">Template documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index" title="Wikipedia:Template index">Template index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template_limits" title="Help:Template limits">Template limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_sandbox_and_test_cases" title="Wikipedia:Template sandbox and test cases">Template sandbox and test cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Lua" title="Help:Lua">Lua help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Lua project</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Lua/Resources">Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/To_do" title="Wikipedia:Lua/To do">To do</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Substitution" title="Help:Substitution">Substitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Purge" title="Help:Purge">Purge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Job_queue" title="Help:Job queue">Job queue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">Transclusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Labeled_section_transclusion" title="Help:Labeled section transclusion">Labeled section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion_costs_and_benefits" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion costs and benefits">Costs and benefits</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_Scribbling" title="Wikipedia:Guide to Scribbling">Guide to Scribbling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Data_structure_and_development" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Data structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">Namespaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">Main/Article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drafts" title="Wikipedia:Drafts">Draft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">File</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:File_description_page" title="Help:File description page">File description page</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project/Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">Archiving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">Simple</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_page_design_guide" title="Wikipedia:User page design guide">User page design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bug_reports_and_feature_requests" title="Wikipedia:Bug reports and feature requests">Bug reports and feature requests</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedMediaHandler extension</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> and <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Help:Cascading Style Sheets">Cascading Style Sheets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML in wikitext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Catalogue_of_CSS_classes" title="Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes">Catalogue of CSS classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Common.js_and_common.css" title="Wikipedia:Common.js and common.css">Common.js and common.css</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mxt/User_CSS_for_a_monospaced_coding_font" title="Template:Mxt/User CSS for a monospaced coding font">User CSS for monospaced coding font</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Microformats/classes" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/classes">Classes in microformats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Markup_validation" title="Help:Markup validation">Markup validation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Span_tags" title="Wikipedia:Span tags">Span tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Useful_styles" title="Help:Useful styles">Useful styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customisation" title="Wikipedia:Customisation">Customisation</a><br/>and tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Preferences" title="Help:Preferences">Preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin" title="Wikipedia:Skin">Skins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_tools" title="Help:Citation tools">Citation tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleaning_up_vandalism/Tools" title="Wikipedia:Cleaning up vandalism/Tools">Cleaning up vandalism tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customizing_watchlists" title="Wikipedia:Customizing watchlists">Customizing watchlists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Hide_Pages_in_Watchlist" title="Help:Hide Pages in Watchlist">Hide pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Scripts" title="Wikipedia:Scripts">IRC Scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts" title="Wikipedia:User scripts">User scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Guide" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Guide">Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/List" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/List">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Techniques" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Techniques">Techniques</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_style" title="Help:User style">User style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative_browsing" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative browsing">Alternative browsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Browser_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Browser tools">Browser tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Editing_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Editing tools">Editing tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_shortcuts" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation shortcuts">Navigation shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum_tool_set" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum tool set">Optimum tool set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Cloud_Services" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Cloud Services">Wikimedia Cloud Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Beta_Features" class="extiw" title="mw:Beta Features">Beta Features at MediaWiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Automated editing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Articles_for_creation/Helper_script" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Helper script">AfC helper script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AntiVandal" title="Wikipedia:AntiVandal">AntiVandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser">AutoWikiBrowser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bots" title="Wikipedia:Bots">Bots</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creating_a_bot" title="Help:Creating a bot">Creating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_of_Wikipedia_bots" title="Wikipedia:History of Wikipedia bots">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:HotCat" title="Wikipedia:HotCat">HotCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Huggle" title="Wikipedia:Huggle">Huggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_popups" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups">Navigation popups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RedWarn" title="Wikipedia:RedWarn">RedWarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Twinkle" title="Wikipedia:Twinkle">Twinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ultraviolet" title="Wikipedia:Ultraviolet">Ultraviolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WPCleaner" title="Wikipedia:WPCleaner">WPCleaner</a></li> <li>Inactive <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Igloo" title="Wikipedia:Igloo">igloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:STiki" title="Wikipedia:STiki">STiki</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li>See also: <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">Category:Wikipedia how-to</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">Category:Wikipedia information pages</a></b><br/>Further navigation at: <a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template:Wikipedia help pages">Help pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrators%27_guide" title="Template:Administrators' guide">Administrators</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Accessibility/Navigation_menu" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Accessibility/Navigation menu">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_accounts" title="Template:Wikipedia accounts">Accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Botnav" title="Template:Botnav">Bots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Template:Wikipedia referencing">Referencing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_metadata_navbox" title="Template:Citation metadata navbox">Citation metadata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_templates" title="Template:Wikipedia templates">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Navbox" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Navbox">User scripts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_help_pages" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template talk:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_help_pages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia help pages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div> <ul><li><b>Visit the <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">Teahouse</a></i> or the <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></i> for an interactive <abbr title="questions and answers">Q & A</abbr> forum.</b></li></ul> <hr/> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ" title="Wikipedia:FAQ">FAQs</a></b> <b><abbr title="This is a list of frequently asked questions about using and contributing to Wikipedia.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference desks</a></b> <b><abbr title="Works like a library reference desk. Ask a question here and Wikipedia volunteers will try to answer it.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Noticeboards" title="Wikipedia:Noticeboards">Noticeboards</a></b> <b><abbr title="Pages where editors can ask questions and request assistance from people who are familiar with the policies and guidelines covered by each individual board.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of the most commonly used Wiki markup and templates.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of Wikipedia's directories and indexes.">(?)</abbr></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's governess and customs">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Purpose" title="Wikipedia:Purpose">Purpose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Principles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Policies and guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:General disclaimer">Disclaimer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advice_for_parents" title="Wikipedia:Advice for parents">parental advice</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Request_directory" title="Wikipedia:Request directory">Making requests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Who_writes_Wikipedia%3F" title="Wikipedia:Who writes Wikipedia?">Who writes Wikipedia?</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reader%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Reader's index to Wikipedia">Help for readers</a> <abbr title="Concerns and questions readers may have about Wikipedia">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_book_creator_status" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia book creator status">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Copyright" title="Help:Copyright">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Glossary" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Navigation" title="Help:Navigation">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Other_languages" title="Help:Other languages">Other languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Student_help" title="Help:Student help">Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Viewing_media" title="Help:Viewing media">Viewing media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contributing_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia">Contributing<br/>to Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Overviews and resources needed to comprehend, comment on, and edit">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guidance_for_younger_editors" title="Wikipedia:Guidance for younger editors">Advice for young editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoiding_common_mistakes" title="Wikipedia:Avoiding common mistakes">Avoiding common mistakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Simplified Manual of Style">Simplified Manual of Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_ruleset" title="Wikipedia:Simplified ruleset">Simplified rule-set</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">"Ignore all rules"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_rules_are_principles" title="Wikipedia:The rules are principles">"The rules are principles"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Styletips" title="Wikipedia:Styletips">Style-tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tip_of_the_day" title="Wikipedia:Tip of the day">Tip of the day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Your_first_article" title="Help:Your first article">Your first article</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_wizard" title="Wikipedia:Article wizard">article wizard</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Getting_started" title="Help:Getting started">Getting started</a> <abbr title="Introductions and tutorials">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F" title="Wikipedia:Why create an account?">Why create an account?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Help:Introduction">Introductions by topic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial">IRC <span style="font-size:85%;">(live chat)</span> tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User_guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide">VisualEditor user guide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Dos and don'ts">Dos and don'ts</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia policies, guidelines, and formatting standards in bullet points">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accessibility_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Accessibility dos and don'ts">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biography_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biography dos and don'ts">Biographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons dos and don'ts">Biographies (living)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Categorization dos and don'ts">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Consensus dos and don'ts">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Talk dos and don'ts">Discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation dos and don'ts">Disambiguation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Image dos and don'ts">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lead_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Lead dos and don'ts">Leads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Linking_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Linking dos and don'ts">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:List dos and don'ts">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:References_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:References dos and don'ts">References</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Table_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Table dos and don'ts">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_title_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Article title dos and don'ts">Titles (of articles)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">How-to pages</a> and<br/><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">information pages</a> <abbr title="Topic specific informative and instructional pages">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">Appealing blocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to deletion">Article deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citations_quick_reference" title="Help:Citations quick reference">Citations/references</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">Referencing for beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors" title="Help:Cite errors">Cite errors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:References_and_page_numbers" title="Help:References and page numbers">References and page numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Convert" title="Help:Convert">Convert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Minor_edit" title="Help:Minor edit">Minor edit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">edit conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Find_sources" title="Help:Find sources">Find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">Footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_image_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to image deletion">Image deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Infobox" title="Help:Infobox">Infoboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Linking</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">link color</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">Merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:How_to_move_a_page" title="Help:How to move a page">Renaming pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Passwords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Email_confirmation" title="Help:Email confirmation">Email confirmation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Simple_guide_to_vandalism_cleanup" title="Help:Simple guide to vandalism cleanup">Simple vandalism cleanup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk pages</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">archiving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">simple archiving</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WP_search_protocol" title="Help:WP search protocol">WP search protocol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki markup">Coding</a> <abbr title="Wikitext information consists of the syntax used to format a page">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wiki markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Calculation" title="Help:Calculation">Calculations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">Characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Elevation" title="Help:Elevation">Elevation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hidden_text" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hidden text">Hidden text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Music symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">Transclusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual files</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's directories and indexes">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_abbreviations" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Wikipedia:Contents">Contents</a> <small>(Encyclopedia proper)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Department_directory" title="Wikipedia:Department directory">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editor%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Editor's index to Wikipedia">Editor's index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Index">FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Glossary" title="Wikipedia:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Manual of Style </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">Policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Maintenance" title="Wikipedia:Maintenance">Tasks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tips" title="Wikipedia:Tips">Tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td 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