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<span>Books by Duncombe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books_by_Duncombe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" 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searchaux" style="display:none">British politician (1796–1861)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe,_Esq_(4670625)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Portrait_of_Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe%2C_Esq_%284670625%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe%2C_Esq_%284670625%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Portrait_of_Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe%2C_Esq_%284670625%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Portrait_of_Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe%2C_Esq_%284670625%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Portrait_of_Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe%2C_Esq_%284670625%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Portrait_of_Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe%2C_Esq_%284670625%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="671" data-file-height="873" /></a><figcaption>Engraving of Duncombe, c. 1858</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Thomas Slingsby Duncombe</b> (1796 – 13 November 1861) was a <a href="/wiki/Political_radicalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Political radicalism">Radical politician</a>, who was a <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">member</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> for <a href="/wiki/Hertford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hertford (UK Parliament constituency)">Hertford</a> from 1826 to 1832 and for <a href="/wiki/Finsbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Finsbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Finsbury</a> from 1834 until his death.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Duncombe was a tireless champion of radical causes in the 27 years he served the North East London borough of Finsbury. But he was equally well known for his style; he was, it was often said, "the handsomest and best-dressed man in the house," and his love for theatre, gaming and women were well publicized. Duncombe was elected and then returned to his seat seven times by the shopkeepers, <a href="/wiki/Artisan" title="Artisan">artisans</a> and laborers, the <a href="/wiki/Nonconformist_(Protestantism)" title="Nonconformist (Protestantism)">Nonconformists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholics</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> of Finsbury, making him the longest-sitting representative of a metropolitan borough in his day. His constituents called him "Honest Tom Duncombe" with great affection; to his detractors he was known as the "Dandy Demagogue" or the "Radical Dandy". His name was celebrated in working men's newspapers and frequently mentioned in the gossip sheets of high society. Duncombe was, as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> put it delicately upon his death, a "character". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Duncombe was born wealthy and well-connected in 1796 in <a href="/wiki/Middlesex" title="Middlesex">Middlesex</a>. His parents, Thomas and Emma Duncombe, had an estate in the <a href="/wiki/West_Riding_of_Yorkshire" title="West Riding of Yorkshire">West Riding of Yorkshire</a>. He was the grandson (on his mother's side) to the <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">Bishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Peterborough" title="Peterborough">Peterborough</a>, and nephew to the first Baron Feversham. He attended <a href="/wiki/Harrow_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Harrow school">Harrow school</a> from 1808 to 1811, leaving to take up a <a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">commission</a> in the elite regiment of the <a href="/wiki/Coldstream_Guards" title="Coldstream Guards">Coldstream Guards</a>. While in the Guards, Duncombe served as aide-de-camp to General Sir <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Craufurd_Ferguson" title="Ronald Craufurd Ferguson">Ronald Ferguson</a>. As Ferguson was well known for supporting the ballot and other political reforms during his time in Parliament, it is likely that it was here that Duncombe had his first political awakening as a radical. After being raised to the rank of <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">Lieutenant</a>, Duncombe resigned from the army in 1819. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_service_in_Parliament">Early service in Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early service in Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1820, Duncombe ran for Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Pontefract" title="Pontefract">Pontefract</a> as a <a href="/wiki/British_Whig_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="British Whig Party">Whig</a> candidate. He lost. In 1823, he ran again as a Whig for <a href="/wiki/Hertford" title="Hertford">Hertford</a> and was again unsuccessful. In June 1826, Duncombe finally won a seat in Parliament for Hertford. He enjoyed a great success in the Commons with two early speeches in which he vigorously attacked the Government. According to <a href="/wiki/Charles_Greville_(diarist)" title="Charles Greville (diarist)">Greville</a>, however, he had merely committed to heart and rehearsed speeches which had been prepared for him by <a href="/wiki/Henry_FitzGerald-de_Ros,_22nd_Baron_de_Ros" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry FitzGerald-de Ros, 22nd Baron de Ros">Henry de Ros</a>. Greville noted caustically in his diary for 25 February 1828:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>"And what are the agents who have produced such an effect? A man of ruined fortune and doubtful character, whose life has been spent on the race-course, at the gaming-table, and in the green-room, of limited capacity, exceedingly ignorant, and without any stock but his impudence to trade on, only speaking to serve an electioneering purpose, and crammed by another with every thought and every word that he uttered."</p></blockquote> <p>Duncombe was returned in 1830 and again in 1831. Over the course of these contests he spent an estimated £40,000; a fact he later frankly admitted in pressing the case for political reforms. Outspent by his rival, the Tory <a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">Marquis of Salisbury</a>, Duncombe lost his seat in 1832. Outmanoeuvring Salisbury, Duncombe challenged the election on grounds of bribery and had it declared void. </p><p>As a representative for Hertford he was an early supporter of political reform, though made little lasting impression in Parliament. He made more of an impression in society where he built a reputation as a <a href="/wiki/Dandy" title="Dandy">dandy</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Rake_(character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rake (character)">rake</a>, a theatre supporter, and one of the best gentleman horseriders in England. He was close friends with <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Guillaume_Gabriel,_Count_D%27Orsay" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred Guillaume Gabriel, Count D'Orsay">Count D'Orsay</a>, who sketched a portrait of his "cher Tomie" that still resides in the collection of the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Portrait Gallery (United Kingdom)">National Portrait Gallery</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.npg.org.uk/live/search/portrait.asp?LinkID=mp01388&rNo=1&role=sit">[1]</a>. For a time "Tommy" was attached to <a href="/wiki/Lucia_Elizabeth_Vestris" title="Lucia Elizabeth Vestris">Madame Vestris</a>, the famed actress and later lessee of the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Theatre" title="Olympic Theatre">Olympic Theatre</a>. <a href="/wiki/Marguerite,_Countess_of_Blessington" class="mw-redirect" title="Marguerite, Countess of Blessington">Lady Blessington</a> used him as a model for the hero of one of her novels and the novelist-cum-<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister">Prime Minister</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Benjamin Disraeli</a>, recalled that his friend Duncombe was later to be his resource on <a href="/wiki/Chartism" title="Chartism">Chartism</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/Sybil_(novel)" title="Sybil (novel)">Sybil: or The Two Nations</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radical_for_Finsbury">Radical for Finsbury</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Radical for Finsbury"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Reform_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Reform Act">Reform Act</a> of 1832 created new metropolitan boroughs that needed representation. In 1834, Duncombe won a seat representing the new North East London borough of Finsbury, spending less than £16 to do so. In his acceptance speech he laid out his increasingly independent and Radical politics: promising to fight for religious liberty and an end to church rates and sinecures, reform of taxation and modernizing the economy, and the ballot, the franchise and triennial parliamentary terms; the core principles of what would become the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Charter_of_1838" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Charter of 1838">People's Charter</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chartism" title="Chartism">Chartism</a> four years later. Indeed, Duncombe was to introduce the second petition for the People's Charter to Parliament in 1842. Signed by more than 3.3 million people, the petition had to be unrolled to fit through the doors of the <a href="/wiki/British_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="British House of Commons">House of Commons</a>. </p><p>As Radical MP for Finsbury, Duncombe became increasingly outspoken. He sought to obtain the release of <a href="/wiki/John_Frost_(Chartist)" title="John Frost (Chartist)">John Frost</a> and other Chartists.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He campaigned against the new <a href="/wiki/Poor_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Poor Law">Poor Law</a> and other "reforms" of <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Chadwick" title="Edwin Chadwick">Edwin Chadwick</a>. He exposed conditions in <a href="/wiki/Prison_hulk" class="mw-redirect" title="Prison hulk">prison hulks</a> and the treatment of the insane. He exposed the practice of the <a href="/wiki/Home_Office" title="Home Office">Home Office</a> opening the mail of political dissidents such as the Italian <a href="/wiki/Mazzini" class="mw-redirect" title="Mazzini">Mazzini</a> and, as it was later revealed, himself. And, taking on an issue particularly dear, he chaired a committee that examined—and ridiculed—the power of the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chamberlain" title="Lord Chamberlain">Lord Chamberlain</a>'s office to censor and restrict the theatre. He also took up the cause of religious Dissenters, Catholics and Jews, including the claim of Baron <a href="/wiki/Rothschild_family" title="Rothschild family">Rothschild</a> to take his seat in Parliament, and was a particular advocate of <a href="/wiki/Jewish_emancipation" title="Jewish emancipation">Jewish emancipation</a>, spending the last years of his life helping edit a book on <i>The Jews of England: Their History and Wrongs</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radical_at_large">Radical at large</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Radical at large"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Outside Parliament Duncombe worked to support working men and women. He chaired the national conference of trades in 1845 and helped organize the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_United_Trades_for_the_Protection_of_Labour" title="National Association of United Trades for the Protection of Labour">National Association of United Trades for the Protection of Labour</a> (NAUT), serving as the body's president for seven years. Duncombe was a frequent speaker at <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">trade union</a> functions, and came out in public support of a number of strikes. The enigmatic radical was also equally at home in the green rooms of theatres and the gambling halls of exclusive clubs like Crockford's and <a href="/wiki/Almack%27s" title="Almack's">Almack's</a> where he ran up debts to the astounding amount of £120,000 – £140,000 (in excess of £8 million in 2006 pounds) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080119001130/http://www.measuringworth.com/index.html">[2]</a>. His creditors had him arrested in 1847 and he was heavily criticized for using parliamentary privilege to escape punishment. Indeed, his critics accused Duncombe of using an earlier trip to <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> to support his friend and political patron <a href="/wiki/John_George_Lambton,_1st_Earl_of_Durham" class="mw-redirect" title="John George Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham">Lord Durham</a> as a ruse to escape his debts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performative_politics">Performative politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Performative politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Even his critics, of which he had many, had to admit that as a debater Duncombe was one of the best in the House of Commons. His jocular manner disarmed his opponents and charmed his supporters. His polemical speaking style, and <a href="/wiki/Sartorial" title="Sartorial">sartorial</a> dressing style, was even parodied by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> in a brief sketch in <i><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Nickleby" title="Nicholas Nickleby">Nicholas Nickleby</a></i>. Exhibiting a new style of politics, Duncombe performed not only for the politicians assembled in the House but for "the people out of doors," as the public were then called. In spite of his dandified affectations, or perhaps—given the growing popularity of commercial spectacles like the sights of the <a href="/wiki/Vauxhall" title="Vauxhall">Vauxhall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cremorne_Gardens,_London" title="Cremorne Gardens, London">Cremorne</a> pleasure gardens and the <a href="/wiki/The_Crystal_Palace" title="The Crystal Palace">Crystal Palace</a>—partly because of his colorful performance, he was immensely popular with the public. His open embrace of pleasure, his sartorial style and the perceived and real excesses of his personal life, far from being the distraction from politics as his critics frequently commented, may actually have been an integral asset to his popularity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sickness_and_death">Sickness and death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sickness and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Duncombe was plagued by a <a href="/wiki/Bronchial" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronchial">bronchial</a> condition that would eventually kill him. Between 1847 and 1850 he was often too sick to attend Parliament regularly. But when he could he did, and gaunt and emaciated, this dandified child of privilege continued to stand up in the House for the rights of the less visible and less fortunate, and chair the long and arduous meetings of trade unionists. </p><p>In 1856, already ill, he championed the case of the <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungarian</a> revolutionary exile <a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_T%C3%BCrr" title="István Türr">István Türr</a>, arrested by the <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austrian</a> authorities and in concrete danger of being executed, and helped push the British government to intervene and get him freed. </p><p>Duncombe died at the age of 65 in <a href="/wiki/Sussex" title="Sussex">Sussex</a>, and a week later he was buried at <a href="/wiki/Kensal_Green_Cemetery" title="Kensal Green Cemetery">Kensal Green Cemetery</a> in London. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books_by_Duncombe">Books by Duncombe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Books by Duncombe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Duncombe, Thomas Slingsby and James Acland, <i>The Jews of England: Their History and Wrongs</i> (London: J. Wade, 1866)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" 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.reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Duncombe, Sir Charles"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Duncombe,_Sir_Charles">"Duncombe, Sir Charles s.v. Thomas Slingsby Duncombe" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 672.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Duncombe%2C+Sir+Charles+s.v.+Thomas+Slingsby+Duncombe&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=672&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+Slingsby+Duncombe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles C. F. Greville, <i>A Journal of the Reigns of King George IV and King William IV</i>, volume I (Longmans Green & Co, London, 1874), at page 130</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Duncombe, Thomas H., <i>The Life and Correspondence of Thomas Slingsby Duncombe, Late M.P. for Finsbury,</i> (London: Horst and Blackett, 1868)</li> <li>"Duncombe, Thomas Slingsby" in <i>The Dictionary of National Biography</i>, v. VI. Leslie Steven, ed. (London: Smith, Elder & Co., 1885)</li> <li>Sturgis, James L., "Duncombe, Thomas Slingsby" in <i>Biographical Dictionary of Modern British Radicals</i>, v. 2, 1830–1870, Joseph O. Baylen and Norbert J. Grossman, eds. (Sussex: Harvester Press, 1984)</li> <li>Lee, Matthew, "Duncombe, Thomas Slingsby" <i>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</i>, v. 17, H.C.G. Matthew and Brian Harrison, eds. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004)</li> <li>Kingsford, P. W., "Radical Dandy" <i>History Today</i> (1964) 14#6 pp. 399–407</li> <li>Pflaum, Ann Mitchell, <i>The Parliamentary Career of Thomas S. Duncombe, 1826–1861</i>, Doctoral Dissertation (Department of History, University of Minnesota, 1975)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Slingsby_Duncombe&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>www.thepeoplescharter.co.uk</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></i> 1803–2005: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-thomas-duncombe">contributions in Parliament by Thomas Slingsby Duncombe</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080705110056/http://www.radicaldandy.org/">www.radicaldandy.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeandcorrespo00duncgoog">The Life and Correspondence of Thomas Slingsby Duncombe, Late M.P. for Finsbury (1868)</a> volume I</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifecorresponde02duncuoft">The Life and Correspondence of Thomas Slingsby Duncombe, Late M.P. for Finsbury (1868)</a> volume II</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Nicolson_Calvert_(1764%E2%80%931841)" title="Nicolson Calvert (1764–1841)">Nicolson Calvert</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Byron_(MP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Byron (MP) (page does not exist)">Thomas Byron</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Hertford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hertford (UK Parliament constituency)">Hertford</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1826_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1826 United Kingdom general election">1826</a>–<a href="/wiki/1832_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1832 United Kingdom general election">1832</a> <br />With: <b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Byron_(MP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Byron (MP) (page does not exist)">Thomas Byron</a> to 1830<br /><a href="/wiki/Henry_Chetwynd-Talbot,_18th_Earl_of_Shrewsbury" title="Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, 18th Earl of Shrewsbury">Viscount Ingestrie</a> 1830–1831<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Currie_(MP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Currie (MP) (page does not exist)">John Currie</a> 1831–1832 </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Stanhope,_5th_Earl_Stanhope" title="Philip Stanhope, 5th Earl Stanhope">Viscount Mahon</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Henry_Chetwynd-Talbot,_18th_Earl_of_Shrewsbury" title="Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, 18th Earl of Shrewsbury">Viscount Ingestrie</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Grant_(MP)" title="Robert Grant (MP)">Robert Grant</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Robert_Spankie" title="Robert Spankie">Robert Spankie</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Finsbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Finsbury (UK Parliament constituency)">Finsbury</a> </b><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=1834_Finsbury_by-election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1834 Finsbury by-election (page does not exist)">1834</a>–<a href="/w/index.php?title=1861_Finsbury_by-election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1861 Finsbury by-election (page does not exist)">1861</a> <br />With: <b> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Spankie" title="Robert Spankie">Robert Spankie</a> to 1835<br /><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wakley" title="Thomas Wakley">Thomas Wakley</a> 1835–1852<br /><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Challis" title="Thomas Challis">Thomas Challis</a> 1852–1859<br /><a href="/wiki/William_Cox_(UK_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Cox (UK politician)">William Cox</a> 1859<br /><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Morton_Peto" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Morton Peto">Samuel Morton Peto</a> from 1859 </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: 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