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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Celeste Caeiro</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88" title="سيليستي كاييرو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيليستي كاييرو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%B8" title="Սելեստե Կաիրո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սելեստե Կաիրո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%80%D1%83" title="Селеста Каейру – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Селеста Каейру" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeste_Caeiro" title="Celeste Caeiro – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Celeste Caeiro" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Portuguese restaurant worker during the Carnation Revolution (1933–2024)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_name" title="Portuguese name">Portuguese name</a>, the first or maternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">family name</a> is <i>Martins</i> and the second or paternal family name is <i>Caeiro</i>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Celeste Caeiro</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1933-05-02</span>)</span>2 May 1933<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Portugal)" title="Estado Novo (Portugal)">Portugal</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">15 November 2024<span style="display:none">(2024-11-15)</span> (aged 91)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Leiria" title="Leiria">Leiria</a>, Portugal</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Celeste dos Cravos</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">handing out flowers to soldiers during the <a href="/wiki/Carnation_Revolution" title="Carnation Revolution">Carnation Revolution</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Celeste Martins Caeiro</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Portuguese pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[sɨˈlɛʃtɨ<span class="wrap"> </span>kaˈɐjɾu]</a></span>; 2 May 1933 – 15 November 2024), also known as <b>Celeste dos Cravos</b> ("Celeste of the carnations"), was a Portuguese pacifist and former restaurant worker. Her actions led to the naming of the 1974 coup as the <a href="/wiki/Carnation_Revolution" title="Carnation Revolution">Carnation Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyt_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celeste_Caeiro&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Banksy_@_Travessa_do_Judeu_(33513638076)_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Banksy_%40_Travessa_do_Judeu_%2833513638076%29_%282%29.jpg/220px-Banksy_%40_Travessa_do_Judeu_%2833513638076%29_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Banksy_%40_Travessa_do_Judeu_%2833513638076%29_%282%29.jpg/330px-Banksy_%40_Travessa_do_Judeu_%2833513638076%29_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Banksy_%40_Travessa_do_Judeu_%2833513638076%29_%282%29.jpg/440px-Banksy_%40_Travessa_do_Judeu_%2833513638076%29_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti">graffiti</a> mural attributed to <a href="/wiki/Banksy" title="Banksy">Banksy</a>, with carnations fired from a mortar, alluding to 1974 Carnation Revolution, at 14 Travessa do Judeu, Lisbon, Portugal</figcaption></figure> <p>Caeiro was born on 2 May 1933 in Lisbon.<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rtve_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtve-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her mother, Teodora de Viana Martins Caeiro, was from <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a>, northern Spain, and went to live first in <a href="/wiki/Amareleja" title="Amareleja">Amareleja</a> and then in Lisbon, while Celeste's father left the family when she was a child.<sup id="cite_ref-rtve_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtve-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Caeiro was 18 months old, she was admitted to the Alto do Pina Day Centre and was regularly visited by her mother. At the age of 14 she was transferred to the Asilo 28 de Maio. At the age of 20, she started her pre-nursing studies at the Santa Clara de la Casa Pia College, but due to lung problems, she never practiced this profession.<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a teenager, during a holiday in the <a href="/wiki/Alentejo" title="Alentejo">Alentejo</a>, she found out that clandestine meetings were being held at her uncles' house.<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sapo1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapo1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Caeiro never participated directly in the resistance against the regime of the <a href="/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Portugal)" title="Estado Novo (Portugal)">Estado Novo</a>, she did mobilise clandestinely in favour of the left.<sup id="cite_ref-sapo1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapo1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Lisbon, Caeiro worked at the tobacco shop of the Café Patinhas, which was a left-wing meeting place and where she hid books banned by the regime and participated in the smuggling of these books by hiding them in tobacco packets.<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sapo1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapo1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also became interested in politics when she attended the trial of an uncle who had been imprisoned for two years at the Plenary Court.<sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rtp_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtp-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously, she had worked in a shirt factory.<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1974_Carnation_Revolution">1974 Carnation Revolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celeste_Caeiro&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1974 Carnation Revolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Franjinhas_Teot%C3%B3nio_Pereira_09900_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Franjinhas_Teot%C3%B3nio_Pereira_09900_1.jpg/220px-Franjinhas_Teot%C3%B3nio_Pereira_09900_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Franjinhas_Teot%C3%B3nio_Pereira_09900_1.jpg/330px-Franjinhas_Teot%C3%B3nio_Pereira_09900_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Franjinhas_Teot%C3%B3nio_Pereira_09900_1.jpg/440px-Franjinhas_Teot%C3%B3nio_Pereira_09900_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Franjinhas Building on Rua Braamcamp</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1974 Caeiro was working in a self-service restaurant in <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a> called "Sir" located at Franjinhas Building on Rua Braamcamp as a cleaner.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rtp_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtp-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The restaurant was opened on 25 April 1973 and for its first anniversary, on 25 April 1974, the owners planned to give out red and white <a href="/wiki/Carnations" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnations">carnations</a> to all its customers and which were bought in Ribeira square by the owner of the restaurant.<sup id="cite_ref-publico_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publico-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Avante_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avante-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rtve_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtve-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sapo1_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapo1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Caeiro had arrived at 9 a.m. without knowing that the military had already mobilised.<sup id="cite_ref-sapo1_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapo1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The celebration had to be cancelled because of the coup, so the employees were asked to take the carnations home.<sup id="cite_ref-publico_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publico-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Avante_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avante-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rtve_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtve-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Back home, Caeiro took the <a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Metro" title="Lisbon Metro">Lisbon Metro</a> to <a href="/wiki/Rossio_Station" title="Rossio Station">Rossio Station</a> (Rossio square) where the tanks of the rebels awaited further orders.<sup id="cite_ref-rtve_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtve-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She approached two soldiers mounted on a <a href="/wiki/Bravia_Chaimite" title="Bravia Chaimite">Bravia Chaimite</a> truck to ask what was going on, to which one replied that they were heading to Quartel do Carmo to arrest <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Caetano" title="Marcelo Caetano">Marcelo Caetano</a> and that a revolution had broken out.<sup id="cite_ref-publico_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publico-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rtve_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtve-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sapo1_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapo1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same man asked her for a cigarette, but as Caeiro did not smoke and in compensation for the "good news" he had given her, as she said shortly afterwards, she gave him a carnation from the bouquet she was carrying and he put it in the barrel of his gun.<sup id="cite_ref-publico_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publico-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sapo1_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapo1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From then on, from <a href="/wiki/Chiado" title="Chiado">Chiado</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Martyrs,_Lisbon" title="Basilica of Our Lady of the Martyrs, Lisbon">Basilica of Our Lady of the Martyrs</a> she gave the rest of the carnations to the soldiers involved, and they placed the flowers in the muzzle of their guns.<sup id="cite_ref-Avante_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avante-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The idea was copied and flower sellers donated more flowers to the mutinous soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-holiday_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holiday-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-reuters_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pictures of the soldiers with carnations in their guns appeared on front pages all over the world and the coup became known globally as the Carnation Revolution and signalled the transition from a military coup to a peaceful and bloodless revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following day, when Caeiro returned to work, radio journalists asked her where the idea of the carnations had come from. She gave the first interview to magazine <i>Crónica Feminina</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-sapo1_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sapo1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then, every year, around 25 April, she was given time off work so that she could give interviews.<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 7 May 1974, journalist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ant%C3%B3nio_Jos%C3%A9_Saraiva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="António José Saraiva (page does not exist)">António José Saraiva</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Jos%C3%A9_Saraiva" class="extiw" title="pt:António José Saraiva">pt</a>]</span> wrote in the newspaper <i>República</i> that "the red carnation of Freedom has no known author, it was not proposed or programmed by any organisation. It is anonymous and natural like everything that is alive".<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Artur_Varatojo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artur Varatojo (page does not exist)">Artur Varatojo</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artur_Varatojo" class="extiw" title="pt:Artur Varatojo">pt</a>]</span>, in <i>Crónica Feminina</i>, described Celeste's gesture with a poem and as a symbol of freedom: "In a few days, the carnation became the symbolic flower of a country... The first hand that knew how to place it tenderly in the barrel of a rifle... It was a woman—if it is a woman—that someone has the right to an immortal statue."<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Celeste's testimony is also well detailed in Ana Sofia Fonseca's book <i>Capitãs de Abril</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, she took part in the parade commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Carnation Revolution on Avenida da Liberdade in Lisbon alongside her daughter and granddaughter.<sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-publico_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publico-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Celeste Caeiro's presence on Avenida da Liberdade was one of the most memorable moments of the popular celebration.<sup id="cite_ref-publico_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publico-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the solemn session that day in the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Assembly of the Republic</a>, the deputy <a href="/wiki/Rui_Tavares" title="Rui Tavares">Rui Tavares</a> suggested that a statue of Caeiro be erected in the Assembly building.<sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celeste_Caeiro&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Caeiro, while working at the Café Patinhas tobacconist's, met a man, with whom she moved in shortly afterwards and with whom she had a daughter. They never married. When her daughter was three years old, Caeiro separated from him and left home after suffering from domestic violence.<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 August 1988, Caeiro lost all her belongings when the flat she had rented in the Armazéns do Chiado building was destroyed by a major fire in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She lived on a pension of 370 euros in a small house a few metres from Avenida da Liberdade.<sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2024, a public subscription was organised to enable Celeste to buy a hearing aid.<sup id="cite_ref-diario_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diario-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Communist_Party" title="Portuguese Communist Party">Portuguese Communist Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Caeiro died on 15 November 2024, at the age of 91 at <a href="/wiki/Leiria" title="Leiria">Leiria</a> Hospital due to respiratory problems.<sup id="cite_ref-publico_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publico-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyt_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her death was mourned by Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Montenegro" title="Luís Montenegro">Luís Montenegro</a> who stated that "in this hour of mourning, I leave a word of recognition for Celeste Caeiro", and the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa" title="Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa">Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa</a> expressed his sadness and announced that she would be decorated posthumously, while the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Armed_Forces" title="Portuguese Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a> published a message saying that "Celeste Caeiro, with an apparently simple gesture, became the symbol of a movement that changed Portugal forever" and "her legacy will remain alive in history and in the memory of all of us".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political parties including the Portuguese Communist Party and <a href="/wiki/LIVRE" title="LIVRE">LIVRE</a> also mourned her death.<sup id="cite_ref-sol_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sol-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The funeral took place 17 November in the church of São José da Anunciada in Lisbon, and she was later transferred to the crematorium in Alto de São João.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors">Honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celeste_Caeiro&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Medal of Honour of the City of Lisbon (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celeste_Caeiro&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flower_Power_(photograph)" title="Flower Power (photograph)">Flower Power (photograph)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celeste_Caeiro&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-reuters-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reuters_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-reuters_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-reuters_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKhalipRua2024" class="citation news cs1">Khalip, Andrei; Rua, Patricia (15 November 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/portugals-carnations-lady-who-gave-name-1974-revolution-dies-91-2024-11-15/">"Portugal's 'Carnations Lady' who gave name to 1974 revolution dies at 91"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Portugal%27s+%27Carnations+Lady%27+who+gave+name+to+1974+revolution+dies+at+91&rft.date=2024-11-15&rft.aulast=Khalip&rft.aufirst=Andrei&rft.au=Rua%2C+Patricia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fuk%2Fportugals-carnations-lady-who-gave-name-1974-revolution-dies-91-2024-11-15%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavison2024" class="citation news cs1">Davison, Phil (17 November 2024). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/17/world/europe/celeste-caeiro-dead.html">"Celeste Caeiro, Whose Flowers Gave a Name to a Revolt, Dies at 91"</a></span>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Celeste+Caeiro%2C+Whose+Flowers+Gave+a+Name+to+a+Revolt%2C+Dies+at+91&rft.date=2024-11-17&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2024%2F11%2F17%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fceleste-caeiro-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-diario-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-diario_3-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAraújo2024" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Araújo, António (28 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dn.pt/6872466510/celeste-e-guilhermina-a-flor-do-acaso/">"Celeste e Guilhermina: a flor do acaso"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Di%C3%A1rio_de_Not%C3%ADcias" title="Diário de Notícias">Diário de Notícias</a></i> (in Portuguese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Di%C3%A1rio+de+Not%C3%ADcias&rft.atitle=Celeste+e+Guilhermina%3A+a+flor+do+acaso&rft.date=2024-07-28&rft.aulast=Ara%C3%BAjo&rft.aufirst=Ant%C3%B3nio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dn.pt%2F6872466510%2Fceleste-e-guilhermina-a-flor-do-acaso%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rtve-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rtve_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtve_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtve_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtve_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtve_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtve_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20241115/fallece-celeste-caeiro-mujer-dio-nombre-a-revolucion-claveles/16333330.shtml">"Fallece Celeste Caeiro, la mujer que dio nombre a la Revolución de los Claveles"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RTVE" title="RTVE">RTVE</a></i>. 15 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RTVE&rft.atitle=Fallece+Celeste+Caeiro%2C+la+mujer+que+dio+nombre+a+la+Revoluci%C3%B3n+de+los+Claveles&rft.date=2024-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rtve.es%2Fnoticias%2F20241115%2Ffallece-celeste-caeiro-mujer-dio-nombre-a-revolucion-claveles%2F16333330.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sapo1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sapo1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapo1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapo1_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapo1_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapo1_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapo1_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapo1_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sapo1_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFF._Reis2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">F. Reis, Marta (25 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ionline.sapo.pt/2019/04/25/celeste-a-lisboeta-que-deu-os-cravos-a-revolucao/?seccao=Portugal">"Celeste, a lisboeta que deu os cravos à revolução"</a> (in Portuguese). <a href="/wiki/SAPO_(company)" title="SAPO (company)">SAPO</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Celeste%2C+a+lisboeta+que+deu+os+cravos+%C3%A0+revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o&rft.pub=SAPO&rft.date=2019-04-25&rft.aulast=F.+Reis&rft.aufirst=Marta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fionline.sapo.pt%2F2019%2F04%2F25%2Fceleste-a-lisboeta-que-deu-os-cravos-a-revolucao%2F%3Fseccao%3DPortugal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sol-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sol_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoreira_Rato2024" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Moreira Rato, Maria (16 November 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sol.sapo.pt/2024/11/16/celeste-caeiro-a-mulher-que-ofereceu-flores-a-revolucao-e-deixou-um-legado-imortal/">"Celeste Caeiro: a mulher que ofereceu flores à Revolução e deixou um legado imortal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sol_(newspaper)" title="Sol (newspaper)">Sol</a></i> (in Portuguese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sol&rft.atitle=Celeste+Caeiro%3A+a+mulher+que+ofereceu+flores+%C3%A0+Revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o+e+deixou+um+legado+imortal&rft.date=2024-11-16&rft.aulast=Moreira+Rato&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsol.sapo.pt%2F2024%2F11%2F16%2Fceleste-caeiro-a-mulher-que-ofereceu-flores-a-revolucao-e-deixou-um-legado-imortal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rtp-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rtp_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtp_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/estorias/os-cravos-vermelhos-simbolos-de-abril_n731000">"Os cravos vermelhos, símbolos de Abril"</a>. <i>RTP</i> (in Portuguese). 21 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RTP&rft.atitle=Os+cravos+vermelhos%2C+s%C3%ADmbolos+de+Abril&rft.date=2014-04-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rtp.pt%2Fnoticias%2Festorias%2Fos-cravos-vermelhos-simbolos-de-abril_n731000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLima_Lobo2020" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lima Lobo, Renata (21 March 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeout.pt/lisboa/pt/noticias/o-edificio-franjinhas-vai-ficar-de-cara-lavada-032120">"O edifício Franjinhas vai ficar de cara lavada"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Out_Group" title="Time Out Group">Time Out</a></i> (in Portuguese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time+Out&rft.atitle=O+edif%C3%ADcio+Franjinhas+vai+ficar+de+cara+lavada&rft.date=2020-03-21&rft.aulast=Lima+Lobo&rft.aufirst=Renata&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeout.pt%2Flisboa%2Fpt%2Fnoticias%2Fo-edificio-franjinhas-vai-ficar-de-cara-lavada-032120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-publico-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-publico_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-publico_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-publico_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-publico_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-publico_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-publico_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-publico_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRibeiro2024" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ribeiro, Marta Sofia (15 November 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publico.pt/2024/11/15/sociedade/noticia/morreu-celeste-caeiro-mulher-deu-cravos-militares-25-abril-2112039">"Morreu Celeste Caeiro, a mulher que deu os cravos aos militares do 25 de Abril"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/P%C3%BAblico_(Portugal)" title="Público (Portugal)">Público</a></i> (in Portuguese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=P%C3%BAblico&rft.atitle=Morreu+Celeste+Caeiro%2C+a+mulher+que+deu+os+cravos+aos+militares+do+25+de+Abril&rft.date=2024-11-15&rft.aulast=Ribeiro&rft.aufirst=Marta+Sofia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publico.pt%2F2024%2F11%2F15%2Fsociedade%2Fnoticia%2Fmorreu-celeste-caeiro-mulher-deu-cravos-militares-25-abril-2112039&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Avante-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Avante_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avante_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avante_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAraújo_Branco2000" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Araújo Branco, Isabel (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130706003437/http://www.pcp.pt/avante/1378/7803m4.html">"25 DE ABRIL SEMPRE! – A flor que deu o nome à Revolução: "Um cravo oferece-se a qualquer pessoa"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Avante!</i> (in Portuguese) (1378). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcp.pt/avante/1378/7803m4.html">the original</a> on 6 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Avante%21&rft.atitle=25+DE+ABRIL+SEMPRE%21+%E2%80%93+A+flor+que+deu+o+nome+%C3%A0+Revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o%3A+%22Um+cravo+oferece-se+a+qualquer+pessoa%22&rft.issue=1378&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Ara%C3%BAjo+Branco&rft.aufirst=Isabel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcp.pt%2Favante%2F1378%2F7803m4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-holiday-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-holiday_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooker" class="citation news cs1">Booker, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://algarvedailynews.com/news/11517-why-april-25th-is-a-holiday-the-carnation-revolution-and-the-events-of-1974">"Why April 25th is a holiday – the Carnation Revolution and the events of 1974"</a>. <i>Algarve History Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Algarve+History+Association&rft.atitle=Why+April+25th+is+a+holiday+%E2%80%93+the+Carnation+Revolution+and+the+events+of+1974&rft.aulast=Booker&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falgarvedailynews.com%2Fnews%2F11517-why-april-25th-is-a-holiday-the-carnation-revolution-and-the-events-of-1974&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlbuquerque2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Albuquerque, Raquel (25 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://expresso.pt/sociedade/2018-08-25-A-Celeste-dos-Cravos-perdeu-o-Chiado-no-fogo">"A Celeste dos Cravos perdeu o Chiado no fogo"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Expresso_(newspaper)" title="Expresso (newspaper)">Expresso</a></i> (in Portuguese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expresso&rft.atitle=A+Celeste+dos+Cravos+perdeu+o+Chiado+no+fogo&rft.date=2018-08-25&rft.aulast=Albuquerque&rft.aufirst=Raquel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexpresso.pt%2Fsociedade%2F2018-08-25-A-Celeste-dos-Cravos-perdeu-o-Chiado-no-fogo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoncini2016" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Poncini, Helena (24 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elperiodico.com/es/internacional/20160424/mujer-celeste-mujer-pequeno-gesto-dio-nombre-revolucion-claveles-5081401">"Ella es Celeste Caeiro, la mujer que, con un pequeño gesto, dio nombre a la Revolución de los Claveles"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/El_Peri%C3%B3dico_de_Catalunya" title="El Periódico de Catalunya">El Periódico de Catalunya</a></i> (in Spanish).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Peri%C3%B3dico+de+Catalunya&rft.atitle=Ella+es+Celeste+Caeiro%2C+la+mujer+que%2C+con+un+peque%C3%B1o+gesto%2C+dio+nombre+a+la+Revoluci%C3%B3n+de+los+Claveles&rft.date=2016-04-24&rft.aulast=Poncini&rft.aufirst=Helena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elperiodico.com%2Fes%2Finternacional%2F20160424%2Fmujer-celeste-mujer-pequeno-gesto-dio-nombre-revolucion-claveles-5081401&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/portugal%27s-%27carnations-lady%27-who-gave-name-to-1974-revolution-dies-at-91/88169126">"Portugal's 'Carnations Lady' who gave name to 1974 revolution dies at 91"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/SWI_swissinfo" title="SWI swissinfo">SWI swissinfo</a></i>. 15 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SWI+swissinfo&rft.atitle=Portugal%27s+%27Carnations+Lady%27+who+gave+name+to+1974+revolution+dies+at+91&rft.date=2024-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissinfo.ch%2Feng%2Fportugal%2527s-%2527carnations-lady%2527-who-gave-name-to-1974-revolution-dies-at-91%2F88169126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/cultura/celeste-caeiro-exercito-portugues-diz-que-legado-permanecera-vivo-na-historia_n1615306">"Celeste Caeiro. Exército Português diz que "legado permanecerá vivo na história"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RTP1" title="RTP1">RTP1</a></i> (in Portuguese). 16 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RTP1&rft.atitle=Celeste+Caeiro.+Ex%C3%A9rcito+Portugu%C3%AAs+diz+que+%22legado+permanecer%C3%A1+vivo+na+hist%C3%B3ria%22&rft.date=2024-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rtp.pt%2Fnoticias%2Fcultura%2Fceleste-caeiro-exercito-portugues-diz-que-legado-permanecera-vivo-na-historia_n1615306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnoticias.pt/2024/11/15/427355-luis-montenegro-pcp-e-livre-lamentam-morte-de-celeste-caeiro/">"Luís Montenegro, PCP e Livre lamentam morte de Celeste Caeiro"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Di%C3%A1rio_de_Not%C3%ADcias_(Madeira)" title="Diário de Notícias (Madeira)">Diário de Notícias (Madeira)</a></i> (in Portuguese). 15 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Di%C3%A1rio+de+Not%C3%ADcias+%28Madeira%29&rft.atitle=Lu%C3%ADs+Montenegro%2C+PCP+e+Livre+lamentam+morte+de+Celeste+Caeiro&rft.date=2024-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnoticias.pt%2F2024%2F11%2F15%2F427355-luis-montenegro-pcp-e-livre-lamentam-morte-de-celeste-caeiro%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNascimento2024" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nascimento, Edgar (18 November 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cmjornal.pt/sociedade/detalhe/ultimo-adeus-a-celeste-caeiro-a-mulher-que-criou-simbolo-da-revolucao">"Último adeus a Celeste Caeiro, a mulher que criou símbolo da revolução"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Correio_da_Manh%C3%A3_(Portugal)" title="Correio da Manhã (Portugal)">Correio da Manhã</a></i> (in Portuguese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Correio+da+Manh%C3%A3&rft.atitle=%C3%9Altimo+adeus+a+Celeste+Caeiro%2C+a+mulher+que+criou+s%C3%ADmbolo+da+revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o&rft.date=2024-11-18&rft.aulast=Nascimento&rft.aufirst=Edgar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmjornal.pt%2Fsociedade%2Fdetalhe%2Fultimo-adeus-a-celeste-caeiro-a-mulher-que-criou-simbolo-da-revolucao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://informacao.lisboa.pt/noticias/detalhe/camara-municipal-de-lisboa-lamenta-a-morte-de-celeste-caeiro">"Câmara Municipal de Lisboa lamenta a morte de Celeste Caeiro"</a>. <i>Municipal Chamber of Lisbon</i> (in Portuguese). 15 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Municipal+Chamber+of+Lisbon&rft.atitle=C%C3%A2mara+Municipal+de+Lisboa+lamenta+a+morte+de+Celeste+Caeiro&rft.date=2024-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finformacao.lisboa.pt%2Fnoticias%2Fdetalhe%2Fcamara-municipal-de-lisboa-lamenta-a-morte-de-celeste-caeiro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACeleste+Caeiro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celeste_Caeiro&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm14514765/">Celeste Caeiro</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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