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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਫੋਂਟ ਦਾ ਆਕਾਰ, ਚੌਡ਼ਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਰੰਗ ਦੀ ਦਿੱਖ ਨੂੰ ਬਦਲੋ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA+10+%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ" class=""><span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA+10+%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ਹੋਰ ਚੋਣਾਂ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa"><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA+10+%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA+10+%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਬਾਹਰ ਹੋਏ ਸੰਪਾਦਕਾਂ ਲਈ ਸਫ਼ੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3-%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%9B%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3" aria-label="ਸੰਪਾਦਨ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ"><span>ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ਯੋਗਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE" title="ਇਸ IP ਪਤੇ ਤੋਂ ਹੋਈਆਂ ਸੋਧਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਗੱਲਬਾਤ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ਸਾਈਟ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ਰਸਾਇਣ_ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਰਸਾਇਣ_ਵਿਗਿਆਨ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਰਸਾਇਣ_ਵਿਗਿਆਨ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਵਰਤੋਂ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਵਰਤੋਂ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ਵਰਤੋਂ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਵਰਤੋਂ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਹਵਾਲੇ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>ਹਵਾਲੇ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ਗਰੁੱਪ 10 ਤੱਤ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ਕਿਸੇ ਹੋਰ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੇਖ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ। 51 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platinumgroep" title="Platinumgroep – ਅਫ਼ਰੀਕੀ" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Platinumgroep" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="ਅਫ਼ਰੀਕੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_10_d%27a_tabla_periodica" title="Grupo 10 d'a tabla periodica – ਅਰਾਗੋਨੀ" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Grupo 10 d'a tabla periodica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="ਅਰਾਗੋਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="عناصر المجموعة العاشرة – ਅਰਬੀ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عناصر المجموعة العاشرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ਅਰਬੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_del_grupu_10" title="Elementos del grupu 10 – ਅਸਤੂਰੀ" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Elementos del grupu 10" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ਅਸਤੂਰੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6vri_sistemin_10-cu_qrupu" title="Dövri sistemin 10-cu qrupu – ਅਜ਼ਰਬਾਈਜਾਨੀ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dövri sistemin 10-cu qrupu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ਅਜ਼ਰਬਾਈਜਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datu_golongan_10" title="Datu golongan 10 – ਬਾਲੀਨੀਜ਼" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Datu golongan 10" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="ਬਾਲੀਨੀਜ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_10_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Група 10 на периодичната система – ਬੁਲਗਾਰੀਆਈ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Група 10 на периодичната система" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ਬੁਲਗਾਰੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B2" title="দশম শ্রেণীর মৌল – ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দশম শ্রেণীর মৌল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/10._grupa_hemijskih_elemenata" title="10. grupa hemijskih elemenata – ਬੋਸਨੀਆਈ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="10. grupa hemijskih elemenata" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ਬੋਸਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grup_10_de_la_taula_peri%C3%B2dica" title="Grup 10 de la taula periòdica – ਕੈਟਾਲਾਨ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grup 10 de la taula periòdica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ਕੈਟਾਲਾਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/10._skupina" title="10. skupina – ਚੈੱਕ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="10. skupina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ਚੈੱਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elfen_Gr%C5%B5p_10" title="Elfen Grŵp 10 – ਵੈਲਸ਼" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Elfen Grŵp 10" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ਵੈਲਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickelgruppe" title="Nickelgruppe – ਜਰਮਨ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nickelgruppe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ਜਰਮਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_10%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Χημικά στοιχεία 10ης ομάδας – ਯੂਨਾਨੀ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημικά στοιχεία 10ης ομάδας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ਯੂਨਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_10_element" title="Group 10 element – ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Group 10 element" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_de_grupo_10" title="Elemento de grupo 10 – ਇਸਪੇਰਾਂਟੋ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elemento de grupo 10" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ਇਸਪੇਰਾਂਟੋ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_del_grupo_10" title="Elementos del grupo 10 – ਸਪੇਨੀ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elementos del grupo 10" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ਸਪੇਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/10._taldeko_elementu" title="10. taldeko elementu – ਬਾਸਕ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="10. taldeko elementu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ਬਾਸਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87_%DB%B1%DB%B0_%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="گروه ۱۰ جدول تناوبی – ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گروه ۱۰ جدول تناوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryhm%C3%A4n_10_alkuaine" title="Ryhmän 10 alkuaine – ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ryhmän 10 alkuaine" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_10_du_tableau_p%C3%A9riodique" title="Groupe 10 du tableau périodique – ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Groupe 10 du tableau périodique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikelsk%C3%B6%C3%B6l" title="Nikelskööl – ਉੱਤਰੀ ਫਰਿਸੀਅਨ" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nikelskööl" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ਉੱਤਰੀ ਫਰਿਸੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A6_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="समूह १० तत्व – ਹਿੰਦੀ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समूह १० तत्व" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ਹਿੰਦੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsur_golongan_10" title="Unsur golongan 10 – ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Unsur golongan 10" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frumefni_%C3%AD_flokki_10" title="Frumefni í flokki 10 – ਆਈਸਲੈਂਡਿਕ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Frumefni í flokki 10" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ਆਈਸਲੈਂਡਿਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementi_del_gruppo_10" title="Elementi del gruppo 10 – ਇਤਾਲਵੀ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elementi del gruppo 10" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ਇਤਾਲਵੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第10族元素 – ਜਪਾਨੀ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第10族元素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ਜਪਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/10%EC%A1%B1_%EC%9B%90%EC%86%8C" title="10족 원소 – ਕੋਰੀਆਈ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="10족 원소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ਕੋਰੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupp_10_de_la_taula_peri%C3%B2dica" title="Grupp 10 de la taula periòdica – ਇਟਾਲੀਅਨ" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Grupp 10 de la taula periòdica" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ਇਟਾਲੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_10_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Група 10 на периодниот систем – ਮੈਕਡੋਨੀਆਈ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Група 10 на периодниот систем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ਮੈਕਡੋਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsur_kumpulan_10" title="Unsur kumpulan 10 – ਮਲਯ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Unsur kumpulan 10" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ਮਲਯ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niklowce" title="Niklowce – ਪੋਲੈਂਡੀ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niklowce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ਪੋਲੈਂਡੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_do_Grupo_10" title="Elementos do Grupo 10 – ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Elementos do Grupo 10" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupa_Nichelului" title="Grupa Nichelului – ਰੋਮਾਨੀਆਈ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grupa Nichelului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ਰੋਮਾਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Подгруппа никеля – ਰੂਸੀ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Подгруппа никеля" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ਰੂਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/10._grupa_hemijskih_elemenata" title="10. grupa hemijskih elemenata – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="10. grupa hemijskih elemenata" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_10_element" title="Group 10 element – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Group 10 element" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/10._skupina" title="10. skupina – ਸਲੋਵਾਕ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="10. skupina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ਸਲੋਵਾਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikljeva_skupina" title="Nikljeva skupina – ਸਲੋਵੇਨੀਆਈ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nikljeva skupina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ਸਲੋਵੇਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guruubka_10" title="Guruubka 10 – ਸੋਮਾਲੀ" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Guruubka 10" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="ਸੋਮਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupi_i_dhjet%C3%AB_i_elementeve_kimike" title="Grupi i dhjetë i elementeve kimike – ਅਲਬਾਨੀਆਈ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Grupi i dhjetë i elementeve kimike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ਅਲਬਾਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/10._%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="10. група хемијских елемената – ਸਰਬੀਆਈ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="10. група хемијских елемената" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ਸਰਬੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupp_10-element" title="Grupp 10-element – ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grupp 10-element" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81_10_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="நெடுங்குழு 10 தனிமங்கள் – ਤਮਿਲ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நெடுங்குழு 10 தனிமங்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ਤਮਿਲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D_10_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82" title="గ్రూప్ 10 మూలకం – ਤੇਲਗੂ" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గ్రూప్ 10 మూలకం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="ਤੇਲਗੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88_10" title="ธาตุหมู่ 10 – ਥਾਈ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ธาตุหมู่ 10" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ਥਾਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_10_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Група 10 періодичної системи елементів – ਯੂਕਰੇਨੀਆਈ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Група 10 періодичної системи елементів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ਯੂਕਰੇਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%B3m_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_10" title="Nhóm nguyên tố 10 – ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhóm nguyên tố 10" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素 – ਚੀਨੀ ਵੂ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="10族元素" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ ਵੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素 – ਚੀਨੀ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="10族元素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素 – ਕੈਂਟੋਨੀਜ਼" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="10族元素" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ਕੈਂਟੋਨੀਜ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ, ਇੱਕ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼ ਤੋਂ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pa" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; border:1px solid #a9a9a9; background:#f8f8f8; padding:2px; width:50px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#d8d8d8;">ਗਰੁੱਪ 10 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border:1px solid #a9a9a9; margin:2px;"> <table class="nogrid" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent; text-align: center; empty-cells: show; border:none"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਹੀਲੀਅਮ (noble gas)"><img alt="ਹੀਲੀਅਮ (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff6666;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium (alkali metal)"><img alt="Lithium (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffdead;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccc99;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron (metalloid)"><img alt="Boron (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#a1ffc3;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fluorine" title="Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon (noble gas)"><img alt="Neon (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff6666;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium (alkali metal)"><img alt="Sodium (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffdead;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Aluminium (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccc99;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon (metalloid)"><img alt="Silicon (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#a1ffc3;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#a1ffc3;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" title="Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon (noble gas)"><img alt="Argon (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff6666;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium (alkali metal)"><img alt="Potassium (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffdead;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Calcium (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Scandium" title="Scandium (transition metal)"><img alt="Scandium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium (transition metal)"><img alt="Titanium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium (transition metal)"><img alt="Vanadium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium (transition metal)"><img alt="Chromium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese (transition metal)"><img alt="Manganese (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron (transition metal)"><img alt="Iron (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt (transition metal)"><img alt="Cobalt (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel (transition metal)"><img alt="Nickel (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper (transition metal)"><img alt="Copper (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc (transition metal)"><img alt="Zinc (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Gallium (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccc99;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium (metalloid)"><img alt="Germanium (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccc99;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic (metalloid)"><img alt="Arsenic (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#a1ffc3;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bromine" title="Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Krypton" title="Krypton (noble gas)"><img alt="Krypton (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff6666;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium (alkali metal)"><img alt="Rubidium (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffdead;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Strontium (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" title="Yttrium (transition metal)"><img alt="Yttrium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zirconium" title="Zirconium (transition metal)"><img alt="Zirconium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium (transition metal)"><img alt="Niobium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum (transition metal)"><img alt="Molybdenum (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" title="Technetium (transition metal)"><img alt="Technetium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" title="Ruthenium (transition metal)"><img alt="Ruthenium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" title="Rhodium (transition metal)"><img alt="Rhodium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium (transition metal)"><img alt="Palladium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver (transition metal)"><img alt="Silver (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium (transition metal)"><img alt="Cadmium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Indium (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Tin (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccc99;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony (metalloid)"><img alt="Antimony (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccc99;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tellurium" title="Tellurium (metalloid)"><img alt="Tellurium (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iodine" title="Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon (noble gas)"><img alt="Xenon (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="border:none"> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff6666;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" title="Caesium (alkali metal)"><img alt="Caesium (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffdead;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Barium (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" title="Lanthanum (lanthanide)"><img alt="Lanthanum (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" title="Cerium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Cerium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium" title="Praseodymium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Praseodymium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Neodymium" title="Neodymium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Neodymium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" title="Promethium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Promethium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Samarium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Europium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Gadolinium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Terbium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" title="Dysprosium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Dysprosium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Holmium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Erbium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" title="Thulium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Thulium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Ytterbium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" title="Lutetium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Lutetium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium (transition metal)"><img alt="Hafnium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum (transition metal)"><img alt="Tantalum (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten (transition metal)"><img alt="Tungsten (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium (transition metal)"><img alt="Rhenium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium (transition metal)"><img alt="Osmium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium (transition metal)"><img alt="Iridium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum (transition metal)"><img alt="Platinum (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold (transition metal)"><img alt="Gold (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" title="Mercury (transition metal)"><img alt="Mercury (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Thallium (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Lead (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Bismuth (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Polonium (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccc99;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Astatine" title="Astatine (metalloid)"><img alt="Astatine (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon (noble gas)"><img alt="Radon (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff6666;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Francium" title="Francium (alkali metal)"><img alt="Francium (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffdead;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Radium (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium (actinide)"><img alt="Actinium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" title="Thorium (actinide)"><img alt="Thorium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" title="Protactinium (actinide)"><img alt="Protactinium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium (actinide)"><img alt="Uranium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium (actinide)"><img alt="Neptunium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium (actinide)"><img alt="Plutonium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Americium" title="Americium (actinide)"><img alt="Americium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium (actinide)"><img alt="Curium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium (actinide)"><img alt="Berkelium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Californium" title="Californium (actinide)"><img alt="Californium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium (actinide)"><img alt="Einsteinium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium (actinide)"><img alt="Fermium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium (actinide)"><img alt="Mendelevium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium (actinide)"><img alt="Nobelium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" title="Lawrencium (actinide)"><img alt="Lawrencium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium (transition metal)"><img alt="Rutherfordium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium (transition metal)"><img alt="Dubnium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium (transition metal)"><img alt="Seaborgium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium (transition metal)"><img alt="Bohrium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium (transition metal)"><img alt="Hassium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e8e8e8; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium (transition metal)"><img alt="Copernicium (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ununtrium" title="Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#cccccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Flerovium (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ununpentium" title="Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ununseptium" title="Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ununoctium" title="Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="nowrap" style="font-size:88%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA_9_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਗਰੁੱਪ 9 ਤੱਤ">ਗਰੁੱਪ 9 ਤੱਤ</a> ← <span style="width:8px; border:1px solid black" title="">  </span> → <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA_11_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਗਰੁੱਪ 11 ਤੱਤ">ਗਰੁੱਪ 11 ਤੱਤ</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left; margin=0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B9_(%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%BE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸਮੂਹ (ਮਿਆਦੀ ਪਹਾੜਾ) (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਆਈਯੂਪੈਕ ਸਮੂਹ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a></th> <th>10 </th></tr> <tr> <td>ਤੱਤ ਪੱਖੋਂ ਨਾਂ</td> <td><span class="nowrap">ਨਿਕਲ ਗਰੁੱਪ</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B9_(%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%BE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸਮੂਹ (ਮਿਆਦੀ ਪਹਾੜਾ) (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਕੈਸ ਸਮੂਹ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a><br /><small>(ਯੂ.ਐੱਸ.; pattern A-B-A)</small></td> <td>VIIIB ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B9_(%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%BE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸਮੂਹ (ਮਿਆਦੀ ਪਹਾੜਾ) (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਪੁਰਾਣਾ ਆਈਯੂਪੈਕ ਨੰਬਰ</a><br /><small>(ਯੂਰਪ; pattern A-B)</small></td> <td>VIII ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:left;">↓ <small><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A1_(%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%BE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਪੀਰਡ (ਮਿਆਦੀ ਪਹਾੜਾ) (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਪੀਰਡ (ਮਿਆਦੀ ਪਹਾੜਾ)</a></small> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A1_4_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਪੀਰਡ 4 ਤੱਤ">4</a> </th> <td title="ਨਿਕਲ: ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ; ਪ੍ਰਾਈਮੋਡੀਅਲ; ਠੋਸ" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:Nickel_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A piece of nickel, about 3 cm in size"><img alt="Image: A piece of nickel, about 3 cm in size" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Nickel_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/210px-Nickel_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Nickel_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/315px-Nickel_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Nickel_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/420px-Nickel_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2" title="ਨਿਕਲ">ਨਿਕਲ</a> (Ni)<br /><span style="color:transparent;">28</span> <small><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82" title="ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ">ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A1_5_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਪੀਰਡ 5 ਤੱਤ">5</a> </th> <td title="ਪੈਲੇਡੀਅਮ: ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ; ਪ੍ਰਾਈਮੋਡੀਅਲ; ਠੋਸ" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:Palladium.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Palladium crystal"><img alt="Image: Palladium crystal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Palladium.jpg/210px-Palladium.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Palladium.jpg/315px-Palladium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Palladium.jpg/420px-Palladium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਪੈਲੇਡੀਅਮ">ਪੈਲੇਡੀਅਮ</a> (Pd)<br /><span style="color:transparent;">46</span> <small><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82" title="ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ">ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A1_6_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਪੀਰਡ 6 ਤੱਤ">6</a> </th> <td title="ਪਲੈਟੀਨਮ: ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ; ਪ੍ਰਾਈਮੋਡੀਅਲ; ਠੋਸ" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:Platinum-nugget.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Platinum nugget"><img alt="Image: Platinum nugget" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Platinum-nugget.jpg/210px-Platinum-nugget.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Platinum-nugget.jpg/315px-Platinum-nugget.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Platinum-nugget.jpg/420px-Platinum-nugget.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5072" data-file-height="3496" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AE" title="ਪਲੈਟੀਨਮ">ਪਲੈਟੀਨਮ</a> (Pt)<br /><span style="color:transparent;">78</span> <small><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82" title="ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ">ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A1_7_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਪੀਰਡ 7 ਤੱਤ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">7</a> </th> <td title="ਦਾਮਸ਼ਟਾਟੀਅਮ: unknown chemical properties" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਦਾਮਸ਼ਟਾਟੀਅਮ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਦਾਮਸ਼ਟਾਟੀਅਮ</a> (Ds)<br /><span style="color:transparent;">110</span> <small>unknown chemical properties</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <hr /> <i>Legend</i><center> <table style="text-align:center; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:2px solid #8811ff; background:#f0f0f0; padding:0 2px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਪ੍ਰਾਈਮੋਡੀਅਲ ਤੱਤ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਪ੍ਰਾਈਮੋਡੀਅਲ ਤੱਤ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:2px dotted #4499ff; background:#f0f0f0; padding:0 2px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸਿੰਥੈਟਿਕ ਤੱਤ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਸਿੰਥੈਟਿਕ ਤੱਤ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ਪਰਮਾਣੁ ਸੰਖਿਆ ਰੰਗ: </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="color:transparent;">black=solid</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></center> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#f0f0f0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r627784">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਦਾਮਸ਼ਟਾਟੀਅਮ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਦਾਮਸ਼ਟਾਟੀਅਮ</a> ਤੱਤਾ ਦਾ ਗਰੁੱਪ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਸਾਰੇ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80-%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਡੀ-ਬਲਾਕ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਡੀ-ਬਲਾਕ</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82" title="ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ">ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ</a> ਦਾ ਗਰੁੱਪ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਸਾਰੇ ਇੱਕ ਤਰਤੀਬ ਨਾਲ ਆਪਣੇ ਗੁਣ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦੀ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="ਇਲੈਕਟ੍ਰਾਨ ਤਰਤੀਬ">ਇਲੈਕਟ੍ਰਾਨ ਤਰਤੀਬ</a> ਇੱਕ ਸਮਾਨ ਹੈ। ਨਿਕਲ ਦਾ ਬਾਇਓ ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਯੋਗਦਾਨ ਹੈ। ਇਹ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="ਪਾਚਕ ਰਸ">ਐਨਜਾਇਮ</a> ਦਾ ਐਕਟਿਵ ਕੇਂਦਰ ਹੈ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਰਸਾਇਣ_ਵਿਗਿਆਨ"><span id=".E0.A8.B0.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.87.E0.A8.A3_.E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BF.E0.A8.97.E0.A8.BF.E0.A8.86.E0.A8.A8"></span>ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA_10_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4&action=edit&section=1" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" title="ਪਰਮਾਣੂ ਸੰਖਿਆ">Z</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="ਤੱਤ">ਤੱਤ</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="ਇਲੈਕਟ੍ਰਾਨ ਤਰਤੀਬ">ਇਲੈਕਟ੍ਰਾਨ ਤਰਤੀਬ</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>28</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2" title="ਨਿਕਲ">ਨਿਕਲ</a></td> <td>2, 8, 17, 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>46</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਪੈਲੇਡੀਅਮ">ਪੈਲੇਡੀਅਮ</a></td> <td>2, 8, 18, 18 </td></tr> <tr> <td>78</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AE" title="ਪਲੈਟੀਨਮ">ਪਲੈਟੀਨਮ</a></td> <td>2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>110</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਦਾਮਸ਼ਟਾਟੀਅਮ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਦਾਮਸ਼ਟਾਟੀਅਮ</a></td> <td>2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 16, 2<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>ਇਹ ਸਾਰੇ ਚਾਂਦੀ ਰੰਗੇ ਅੰਤਰਕਾਲੀ ਧਾਤਾਂ ਹਨ ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦਾ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ">ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ</a> ਅਤੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ">ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ</a> ਉੱਚਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।</li> <li>ਗਰੁੱਪ 10 ਤੱਤ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਧਾਤਾਂ ਹਨ ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਧਾਤਵੀ ਲਸ਼ਕ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਕੁਟਣਯੋਗ ਧਾਤਾਂ ਹਨ।</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਵਰਤੋਂ"><span id=".E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.B0.E0.A8.A4.E0.A9.8B.E0.A8.82"></span>ਵਰਤੋਂ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA_10_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4&action=edit&section=2" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਵਰਤੋਂ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਗਹਿਣੇ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਵਾਸਤੇ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ।</li> <li>ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਕਿਰਿਆਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਬਤੌਰ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95" title="ਉਤਪ੍ਰੇਰਕ">ਉਤਪ੍ਰੇਰਕ</a> ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ।</li> <li>ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦਾ ਵਰਤੋਂ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%82" title="ਮਿਸ਼ਰਤ ਧਾਤੂ">ਮਿਸ਼ਰਤ ਧਾਤੂ</a> ਵਜੋਂ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ।</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸੁਪਰ ਚਾਲਕ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਸੁਪਰ ਚਾਲਕ</a> ਵਜੋ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ।</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਹਵਾਲੇ"><span id=".E0.A8.B9.E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2.E0.A9.87"></span>ਹਵਾਲੇ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA_10_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4&action=edit&section=3" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਹਵਾਲੇ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r636460">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r765793">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120814133700/http://www.chemistry-reference.com/pdictable/q_elements.asp?language=en&Symbol=Ds">"ਪੁਰਾਲੇਖ ਕੀਤੀ ਕਾਪੀ"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemistry-reference.com/pdictable/q_elements.asp?language=en&Symbol=Ds">the original</a> on 2012-08-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%96+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chemistry-reference.com%2Fpdictable%2Fq_elements.asp%3Flanguage%3Den%26Symbol%3DDs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA+10+%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:Cite_web" title="ਫਰਮਾ:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|dead-url=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|url-status=</code> suggested) (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="ਮਦਦ:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r627784"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r769441">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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title="ਫਰਮਾ:ਗਰੁੱਪ 10 ਤੱਤ"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2-%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4:%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA_10_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਫਰਮਾ ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ:ਗਰੁੱਪ 10 ਤੱਤ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:EditPage/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA_10_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:EditPage/ਫਰਮਾ:ਗਰੁੱਪ 10 ਤੱਤ"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ਗਰੁੱਪ_10_ਤੱਤ" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ਗਰੁੱਪ 10 ਤੱਤ</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:25%;;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2" title="ਨਿਕਲ">ਨਿਕਲ</a> <br /> <b><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">Ni</span></b> <br /> <small><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" title="ਪਰਮਾਣੂ ਸੰਖਿਆ">ਪਰਮਾਣੂ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a>: 28 <br /><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" class="mw-redirect" title="ਪੁੰਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ">ਪੁੰਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a>: 58.6934 <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ">ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ</a>: 1726.15 K<br /><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ">ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ</a>: 3186 K<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਖਾਸ ਪੁੰਜ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਖਾਸ ਪੁੰਜ</a>: 8.912 g/cm<sup>3</sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਇਲੈਕਟਰੋਨੈਗਟਿਵਟੀ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਇਲੈਕਟਰੋਨੈਗਟਿਵਟੀ</a>: 1.91</small> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:25%;;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਪੈਲੇਡੀਅਮ">ਪੈਲੇਡੀਅਮ</a><br /> <b><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">Pd</span></b> <br /> <small><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" title="ਪਰਮਾਣੂ ਸੰਖਿਆ">ਪਰਮਾਣੂ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a>: 46 <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" class="mw-redirect" title="ਪੁੰਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ">ਪੁੰਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a>: 106.42 <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ">ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ</a>: 1825.15 K<br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ">ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ</a>: 3236 K<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਖਾਸ ਪੁੰਜ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਖਾਸ ਪੁੰਜ</a>: 12.02 g/cm<sup>3</sup><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਇਲੈਕਟਰੋਨੈਗਟਿਵਟੀ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਇਲੈਕਟਰੋਨੈਗਟਿਵਟੀ</a>: 2.2</small> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:25%;;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AE" title="ਪਲੈਟੀਨਮ">ਪਲੈਟੀਨਮ</a> <br /> <b><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">Pt</span></b> <br /> <small><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" title="ਪਰਮਾਣੂ ਸੰਖਿਆ">ਪਰਮਾਣੂ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a>: 78 <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" class="mw-redirect" title="ਪੁੰਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ">ਪੁੰਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a>: 195.084 <br /><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ">ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ</a>: 2045.15 K<br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ">ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ</a>: 4098 K<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਖਾਸ ਪੁੰਜ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਖਾਸ ਪੁੰਜ</a>: 21.46 g/cm<sup>3</sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਇਲੈਕਟਰੋਨੈਗਟਿਵਟੀ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਇਲੈਕਟਰੋਨੈਗਟਿਵਟੀ</a>: 2.28</small> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;;;;width:25%;;"><div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਦਾਮਸ਼ਟਾਟੀਅਮ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਦਾਮਸ਼ਟਾਟੀਅਮ</a> <br /> <b><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">Ds</span></b> <br /> <small><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" title="ਪਰਮਾਣੂ ਸੰਖਿਆ">ਪਰਮਾਣੂ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a>: 110 <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" class="mw-redirect" title="ਪੁੰਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ">ਪੁੰਜ ਸੰਖਿਆ</a>: [281] <br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ">ਪਿਘਲਣ ਦਰਜਾ</a>: ? K<br /> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ">ਉਬਾਲ ਦਰਜਾ</a>: ? K<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਖਾਸ ਪੁੰਜ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਖਾਸ ਪੁੰਜ</a>: ? 34.8 g/cm<sup>3</sup><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਇਲੈਕਟਰੋਨੈਗਟਿਵਟੀ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਇਲੈਕਟਰੋਨੈਗਟਿਵਟੀ</a>: ?</small> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ਗਰੁੱਪ_10_ਤੱਤ&oldid=577269">https://pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ਗਰੁੱਪ_10_ਤੱਤ&oldid=577269</a>" ਤੋਂ ਲਿਆ</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ">ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:CS1_errors:_unsupported_parameter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:CS1 errors: unsupported parameter (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">CS1 errors: unsupported parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ">ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">ਲੁਕਵੀਂ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਖ਼ਰੀ ਸੋਧ 12 ਅਕਤੂਬਰ 2021 ਨੂੰ 12:16 ਵਜੇ ਹੋਈ।</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">ਇਹ ਲਿਖਤ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0</a> ਦੇ ਤਹਿਤ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ; 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