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Ana 69 basa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 basa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B2" title="روبرت إدواردز – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبرت إدواردز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B2" title="روبرت ادواردز – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبرت ادواردز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edvards" title="Robert Edvards – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Robert Edvards" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B2_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA)" title="رابرت ادواردز (فیزیولوژیست) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رابرت ادواردز (فیزیولوژیست)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81" title="Роберт Джэфры Эдвардс – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Роберт Джэфры Эдвардс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF._%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%B8" title="রবার্ট জি. এডওয়ার্ডস – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রবার্ট জি. এডওয়ার্ডস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Katala" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Ceska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards_(Genetiker)" title="Robert Edwards (Genetiker) – Jérman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert Edwards (Genetiker)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jérman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards_(physiologist)" title="Robert Edwards (physiologist) – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Robert Edwards (physiologist)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B2_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA)" title="رابرت ادواردز (فیزیولوژیست) – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رابرت ادواردز (فیزیولوژیست)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%A1" title="רוברט אדוארדס – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוברט אדוארדס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_(%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80)" title="रोबर्ट एडवर्ड्स (विज्ञानी) – India" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोबर्ट एडवर्ड्स (विज्ञानी)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="India" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards" title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF_%D4%B7%D5%A4%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%BD_(%D6%86%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%A3)" title="Ռոբերտ Էդվարդս (ֆիզիոլոգ) – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոբերտ Էդվարդս (ֆիզիոլոգ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards" title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards" title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BBG%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%89%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA" title="ロバート・G・エドワーズ – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロバート・G・エドワーズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%AF%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="რობერტ ჯეფრი ედვარდსი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რობერტ ჯეფრი ედვარდსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81" title="Роберт Джеффри Эдвардс – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Роберт Джеффри Эдвардс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BF._%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8D" title="ರಾಬರ್ಟ್ ಜಿ. ಎಡ್ವರ್ಡ್ಸ್‍ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಬರ್ಟ್ ಜಿ. ಎಡ್ವರ್ಡ್ಸ್‍" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%97%90%EB%93%9C%EC%9B%8C%EC%A6%88" title="로버트 에드워즈 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로버트 에드워즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robertus_Edwards" title="Robertus Edwards – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Robertus Edwards" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberts_Edvardss" title="Roberts Edvardss – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Roberts Edvardss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81" title="Роберт Едвардс – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Роберт Едвардс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF._%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="റോബർട്ട് ജി. എഡ്വേർഡ്സ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റോബർട്ട് ജി. എഡ്വേർഡ്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="रॉबर्ट एडवर्ड्स – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रॉबर्ट एडवर्ड्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B2_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA)" title="رابرت ادواردز (فیزیولوژیست) – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رابرت ادواردز (فیزیولوژیست)" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards" title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards – Jerman Non Standar" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Non Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards_(fysioloog)" title="Robert Edwards (fysioloog) – Walanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Robert Edwards (fysioloog)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Walanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Ossitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ossitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B8" title="ਰੌਬਰਟ ਐਡਵਰਡਸ – Punjab" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੌਬਰਟ ਐਡਵਰਡਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Polandia" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%B9_%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%88%D8%B2" title="رابرٹ جی ایڈورڈز – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رابرٹ جی ایڈورڈز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards" title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robert Geoffrey Edwards" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Эдвардс, Роберт Джеффри – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эдвардс, Роберт Джеффри" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Slowakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81" title="Роберт Едвардс – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Роберт Едвардс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Robert Edwards" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="ராபர்ட் எட்வர்ட்சு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ராபர்ட் எட்வர்ட்சு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="రాబర్ట్ ఎడ్వర్డ్స్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాబర్ట్ ఎడ్వర్డ్స్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81" title="Роберт Эдвардс – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Роберт Эдвардс" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81" title="Роберт Едвардс – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роберт Едвардс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%B9_%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%88%D8%B2" title="رابرٹ جی ایڈوارڈز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رابرٹ جی ایڈوارڈز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%B9" title="罗伯特·爱德华兹 – Tyonghwa Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗伯特·爱德华兹" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Tyonghwa Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="რობერტ ედვარდსი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რობერტ ედვარდსი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%B9" title="罗伯特·爱德华兹 – Tyonghwa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罗伯特·爱德华兹" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tyonghwa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Robert G. Edwards" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q104913#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Besut pranala antarabasa" class="wbc-editpage">Besut pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Mandhala aran"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Deleng kaca kontèn [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new 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href="/wiki/Mirunggan:Pranala_mr%C3%A9n%C3%A9/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Pratélan kabèh kaca wiki kang nggayut mréné [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala mréné</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mirunggan:Owahan_magepokan/Robert_G._Edwards" rel="nofollow" title="Owah-owahan anyar saka kaca-kaca kang nggayut kaca iki [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Owahan magepokan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=jv" title="Ngunggahaken gambar utawi berkas médhia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Unggah</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mirunggan:Kaca_mirunggan" title="Pratélaning kabèh kaca mirunggan [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Kaca mirunggan</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_G._Edwards&oldid=1648837" title="Pranala permanèn saka owahan iki"><span>Pranala permanèn</span></a></li><li id="t-info" 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.infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-below{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-navbar{text-align:right}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:; text-align:left; font-size:85%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background:transparent; text-align:center; font-size:125%;"><b>Robert G. Edwards</b></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Barkas:Replace_this_image_male.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/jv/b/be/Replace_this_image_male.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="191" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="159" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; line-height:1.2em;"></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:transparent; line-height:1.1em;">Lair</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1925-09-27</span>)</span>27 Sèptèmber 1925<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manchester&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manchester (kaca ora ana)">Manchester</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:transparent; line-height:1.1em;">Pati</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;">10 April 2013<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">2013-04-10</span>)</span> (umur 87)<br /><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a><br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:transparent; line-height:1.1em;">Kabangsan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;">Inggris</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:transparent; line-height:1.1em;">Institusi</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Cambridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Cambridge (kaca ora ana)">University of Cambridge</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:transparent; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alma_mater&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alma mater (kaca ora ana)">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Wales,_Bangor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Wales, Bangor (kaca ora ana)">University of Wales, Bangor</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Edinburgh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Edinburgh (kaca ora ana)">University of Edinburgh</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:transparent; line-height:1.1em;">Misuwur amarga</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reproductive_medicine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reproductive medicine (kaca ora ana)">reproductive medicine</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=In-vitro_fertilization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="In-vitro fertilization (kaca ora ana)">in-vitro fertilization</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="background:transparent; line-height:1.1em;">Notable awards</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penghargaan_Nobel_Fisiologi_atau_Kedhokteran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penghargaan Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedhokteran (kaca ora ana)">Penghargaan Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedhokteran</a> (2010)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert Geoffrey Edwards</b> (lair ing <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manchester&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manchester (kaca ora ana)">Manchester</a>, <a href="/wiki/27_S%C3%A8pt%C3%A8mber" title="27 Sèptèmber">27 Sèptèmber</a> <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a> – pati ing <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/10_April" title="10 April">10 April</a> <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a> ing umur 87 taun) ya iku sawijining ahli <a href="/wiki/Fisiologi" title="Fisiologi">fisiologi</a> warga-nagara <a href="/wiki/Inggris" title="Inggris">Inggris</a> kang nampa<a href="/w/index.php?title=Prat%C3%A9lan_Panampa_Nobel_Fisiologi_atau_Kedhokteran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pratélan Panampa Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedhokteran (kaca ora ana)">Penghargaan Nobel Kedhokteran</a> taun 2010 bareng karo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Steptoe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Steptoe (kaca ora ana)">Patrick Steptoe</a> kanggo penemuane ana ing babagan kesuburan <a href="/w/index.php?title=In_vitro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="In vitro (kaca ora ana)">in vitro</a> kang dadi dhasar saka laire bayi tabung <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louise_Joy_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louise Joy Brown (kaca ora ana)">Louise Joy Brown</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kere_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kere-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Edwards nampa gelar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhoktor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhoktor (kaca ora ana)">dhoktor</a> saka Edinburgh University, <a href="/wiki/Sekotlan" title="Sekotlan">Sekotlan</a>, ana ing taun 1955, lan tesise kang isiné " perkembangan <a href="/wiki/Embrio" title="Embrio">embrio</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Tikus" title="Tikus">tikus</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-kere_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kere-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nalika taun 1958, dhèwèké kerja dadi staf ilmuwan National Institute Medical Research ana ing London lan miwiti nglakokaké riset ngenani prosès fertilisasi ana ing manungsa.<sup id="cite_ref-kere_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kere-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banjur, dhèwèké kerja ana ing Cambridge nganti tekan dhèwèké pensiyun.<sup id="cite_ref-kere_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kere-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dia olèh gelar profesor emeritus (profesor kang pensiyun) saka <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Cambridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Cambridge (kaca ora ana)">University of Cambridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kere_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kere-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nalika taun 1969, kanggo pisanan Edwards bisa nglakokaké pembuahan sel telur manungsa ana ing cawan laboratorium, nanging sel iku ora urip kaya kang dipengenake.<sup id="cite_ref-kere_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kere-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mula, dhèwèké duwé pikiran yèn <i>sel telur</i> luwih apik diumbarke mateng ana ing ovarium dhiseik sadurungé dipindahake menyang njaba kanggo <i>dibuwahi</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-keres_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-keres-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kancane, ginekolog <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Steptoe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Steptoe (kaca ora ana)">Patrick Steptoe</a>, ngembangaké teknik laparoskopi (<i>operasi dengan sayatan kecil</i>) kanggo pengamatan marang <a href="/wiki/Ovarium" title="Ovarium">ovarium</a> kanthi instrumen optik.<sup id="cite_ref-keres_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-keres-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Steptoe migunakaké laparoskopi kanggo mindahake <i>sel telur</i> saka <i>indung telur</i> lan Edwards nglakokaké <i>kultur sel</i> lan uga nambahake sperma.<sup id="cite_ref-keres_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-keres-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kasile saka, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sel_telur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sel telur (kaca ora ana)">sel telur</a> bisa nyigar lan mbentuk embrio awal (ukuran 8 sel).<sup id="cite_ref-keres_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-keres-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Embrio kang ukurane 8 sel iki kang dibalekake manèh menyang <a href="/wiki/Rahim" title="Rahim">rahim</a> wadon.<sup id="cite_ref-keres_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-keres-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_njaba">Pranala njaba</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_G._Edwards&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Besut pérangan: Pranala njaba" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_G._Edwards&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala njaba"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2010/">Pemenang hadiah Nobel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bourn-hall-clinic.co.uk/">Bourn Hall Clinic</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112063542/http://www.bourn-hall-clinic.co.uk/">Archived</a> 2012-01-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/2001_c_description.htm">Lasker Foundation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cathetan_suku">Cathetan suku</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_G._Edwards&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Besut pérangan: Cathetan suku" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>besut</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_G._Edwards&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Cathetan suku"><span>besut sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-kere-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-kere_1-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kere_1-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kere_1-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kere_1-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kere_1-4"><sup>e</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kere_1-5"><sup>f</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2010/edwards.html">www.nobelprize.org</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-keres-2"><span 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