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background-image: url(https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/08CW1M3PyuAy8FbysdmfpzoD4jO7VkhqwfQkwGB0WXz9D358sH_VPeGI47esZM5FZoFdpTkrUJ0EMkYRq3ZGfPM=w16383); background-size: cover;"></div><div class="mYVXT"><div class="LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc" tabindex="-1"><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-ibL1re purZT-AhqUyc-ibL1re ZcASvf-AhqUyc-ibL1re pSzOP-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ktthjf-AhqUyc-ibL1re JNdkSc SQVYQc"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"><div class="oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me"><div id="h.3e1b49184543d8d4_53" class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-ibL1re purZT-AhqUyc-ibL1re ZcASvf-AhqUyc-ibL1re pSzOP-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ktthjf-AhqUyc-ibL1re jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb"><div class="jXK9ad-SmKAyb"><div class="tyJCtd baZpAe"><div class="t3iYD"><img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/UsSpNJwhBTCXw2f8992VmWN_nM6O4lXmkFbxUmBEP-C_olhfwnyfb_WFqY87GfZE9g4WV6Dc4KWZNpiSP79kU2qIUolWkHrD2f8sN5hmGMufuvDNI75Pj3Cw9CD3H3BW7g=w1280" class="CENy8b" role="img"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"><div class="oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me"><div id="h.3e1b49184543d8d4_33" class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb"><div class="jXK9ad-SmKAyb"><div class="tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe"><br><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style=""><span class="jgG6ef C9DxTc " style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">CONSTRUCTION</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf JNdkSc SQVYQc L6cTce-purZT L6cTce-pSzOP"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"></div></div></div></div></div></section><section id="h.3e1b49184543d8d4_65" class="yaqOZd"><div class="IFuOkc"></div><div class="mYVXT"><div class="LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc" tabindex="-1"><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"><div class="oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me"><div id="h.3e1b49184543d8d4_62" class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb"><div class="jXK9ad-SmKAyb"><div class="tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe"><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; vertical-align: baseline;">The Construction Industry is one of the main sectors that involve Geologists throughout Europe. </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; vertical-align: baseline;">The Maltese construction industry grew by 41% between 2015 and 2019. The level of growth puts Malta in the top 5 countries for construction activity in the EU. </span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Geologists provide two important contributions in the construction industry:</span></p><ol class="n8H08c BKnRcf " style="list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; padding: 0;"><li dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q TYR86d lsiHE " style="margin-left: 15.0pt;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="margin-left: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.0pt;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Assessing the stability and safety of rock excavation and tunnelling</span></p></li><li dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q TYR86d lsiHE " style="margin-left: 15.0pt;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="margin-left: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.0pt;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Assessing the quality of geomaterials (the bulk of building materials consists of geological materials, namely cut stone, aggregate and cement.</span></p></li></ol><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style=""><span class="C9DxTc " style="font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; vertical-align: baseline;">One of the main problems associated with construction is rock failure during excavation. Geologists are the experts in assessing and interpreting rock and assessing the potential for rock failure and geohazards. </span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; vertical-align: baseline;">Following a series of tragic rock failures at excavation sites that left several homeless and a fatality, the Hon Prime Minister of Malta appointed the Building Industry Technical Committee to evaluate the building industry. The Committee issued its Report in 2020, known as the Quintano Report*.</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; vertical-align: baseline;">The Report made some interesting observations about the safety of third-parties next to excavation sites. The following are quotes from the Quintano Report:</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section id="h.65b5f4eee01f8315_7" class="yaqOZd lQAHbd"><div class="IFuOkc"></div><div class="mYVXT"><div class="LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc" tabindex="-1"><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"><div class="oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me"><div id="h.65b5f4eee01f8315_4" class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb"><div class="jXK9ad-SmKAyb"><div class="tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe"><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">1. "</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">The state of safety of the neighbouring structures is therefore left to chance....This is nothing short of playing Russian roulette with the lives of third parties</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">".</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">2. The title ‘</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Perit</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">’ is "</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">grossly outdated in the complexity of the modern building industry</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">" and that the "</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Perit can no longer be the only expert</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">".</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">3. “</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Most accidents occur because these </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">(rock mass discontinuities) </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">are often misunderstood </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">(by the civil engineer) or </span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">because their importance in compromising stability is neglected completely</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #ffffff; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">.”</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section id="h.65b5f4eee01f8315_3" class="yaqOZd"><div class="IFuOkc"></div><div class="mYVXT"><div class="LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc" tabindex="-1"><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"><div class="oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me"><div id="h.65b5f4eee01f8315_0" class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb"><div class="jXK9ad-SmKAyb"><div class="tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe"><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="text-align: justify;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">A number of questions arise about the present regulatory situation:</span></p><ul class="n8H08c UVNKR " style="list-style-type: square; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; padding: 0;"><li dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn " style="margin-left: 15.0pt;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="margin-left: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.0pt;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Are the BICC and BCA heeding the Quintano Report?</span></p></li><li dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn " style="margin-left: 15.0pt;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="margin-left: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.0pt;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Why are professional geologists (the experts on rock and excavation) who know the importance of rock mass discontinuities and can identify them, still NOT recognised by the BICC and BCA?</span></p></li><li dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn " style="margin-left: 15.0pt;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="margin-left: 0.0pt; padding-left: 0.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.0pt;"><span class="C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Why was the request for membership to the BICC Advisory Board made by the Malta Chamber of Geologists refused by the BICC Chairman? Is this in the interest of public safety?</span></p></li></ul><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style=""><span class="C9DxTc " style="font-size: 13.999999999999998pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">*</span><span class="C9DxTc " style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Quintano L., Simiana M., Mifsud A., Cassar M. (2020) Building Industry Technical Committee Report. 35 pp.</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section id="h.3e1b49184543d8d4_42" class="yaqOZd"><div class="IFuOkc"></div><div class="mYVXT"><div class="LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc" tabindex="-1"><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="vhaaFf qUO6Ue" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"><div class="oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me" jsaction="click:uYnbT;JIbuQc:uYnbT;"><div id="h.3e1b49184543d8d4_37" class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb"><div class="jXK9ad-SmKAyb"><div class="tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe"><div id="h.mp6kc9eqpj88" class="CobnVe yMxPgf aP9Z7e"></div><h2 id="h.mp6kc9eqpj88_l" dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q JYVBee CDt4Ke " style=""><div jscontroller="Ae65rd" jsaction="touchstart:UrsOsc; click:KjsqPd; focusout:QZoaZ; mouseover:y0pDld; mouseout:dq0hvd;fv1Rjc:jbFSOd;CrfLRd:SzACGe;" class="CjVfdc"><div class="PPhIP rviiZ" jsname="haAclf"><div role="presentation" class="U26fgb mUbCce fKz7Od LRAOtb Znu9nd M9Bg4d" jscontroller="mxS5xe" jsaction="click:cOuCgd; mousedown:UX7yZ; mouseup:lbsD7e; mouseenter:tfO1Yc; mouseleave:JywGue; focus:AHmuwe; blur:O22p3e; contextmenu:mg9Pef;" jsshadow aria-describedby="h.mp6kc9eqpj88_l" aria-label="Copy heading link" aria-disabled="false" data-tooltip="Copy heading link" aria-hidden="true" data-tooltip-position="top" data-tooltip-vertical-offset="12" data-tooltip-horizontal-offset="0"><a class="FKF6mc TpQm9d" href="#h.mp6kc9eqpj88" aria-label="Copy heading link" jsname="hiK3ld" role="button" aria-describedby="h.mp6kc9eqpj88_l"><div class="VTBa7b MbhUzd" jsname="ksKsZd"></div><span jsslot class="xjKiLb"><span class="Ce1Y1c" style="top: -11px"><svg class="OUGEr QdAdhf" width="22px" height="22px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" focusable="false"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M3.9 12c0-1.71 1.39-3.1 3.1-3.1h4V7H7c-2.76 0-5 2.24-5 5s2.24 5 5 5h4v-1.9H7c-1.71 0-3.1-1.39-3.1-3.1zM8 13h8v-2H8v2zm9-6h-4v1.9h4c1.71 0 3.1 1.39 3.1 3.1s-1.39 3.1-3.1 3.1h-4V17h4c2.76 0 5-2.24 5-5s-2.24-5-5-5z"/></svg></span></span></a></div></div><span class="jgG6ef C9DxTc " style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Rock excavation</span></div></h2></div></div><div role="button" class="uArJ5e Y5FYJe cjq2Db zGbri" jscontroller="VXdfxd" jsaction="click:cOuCgd; mousedown:UX7yZ; mouseup:lbsD7e; mouseenter:tfO1Yc; mouseleave:JywGue;touchstart:p6p2H; touchmove:FwuNnf; touchend:yfqBxc(preventDefault=true); touchcancel:JMtRjd;focus:AHmuwe; blur:O22p3e; contextmenu:mg9Pef;" jsshadow aria-label="Expand" tabindex="0" data-tooltip="Expand" data-tooltip-vertical-offset="-12" data-tooltip-horizontal-offset="0"><div class="PDXc1b MbhUzd" jsname="ksKsZd"></div><span jsslot class="XuQwKc"><span class="GmuOkf"><span class="DPvwYc Vtm4Z" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" focusable="false" class=" NMm5M"><path d="M5.41 7.59L4 9l8 8 8-8-1.41-1.41L12 14.17"/></svg></span></span></span></div><div role="button" class="uArJ5e Y5FYJe cjq2Db amZmwc" jscontroller="VXdfxd" jsaction="click:cOuCgd; mousedown:UX7yZ; mouseup:lbsD7e; mouseenter:tfO1Yc; mouseleave:JywGue;touchstart:p6p2H; 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click:KjsqPd; focusout:QZoaZ; mouseover:y0pDld; mouseout:dq0hvd;fv1Rjc:jbFSOd;CrfLRd:SzACGe;" class="CjVfdc"><div class="PPhIP rviiZ" jsname="haAclf"><div role="presentation" class="U26fgb mUbCce fKz7Od LRAOtb Znu9nd M9Bg4d" jscontroller="mxS5xe" jsaction="click:cOuCgd; mousedown:UX7yZ; mouseup:lbsD7e; mouseenter:tfO1Yc; mouseleave:JywGue; focus:AHmuwe; blur:O22p3e; contextmenu:mg9Pef;" jsshadow aria-describedby="h.5jzt3255zha0_l" aria-label="Copy heading link" aria-disabled="false" data-tooltip="Copy heading link" aria-hidden="true" data-tooltip-position="top" data-tooltip-vertical-offset="12" data-tooltip-horizontal-offset="0"><a class="FKF6mc TpQm9d" href="#h.5jzt3255zha0" aria-label="Copy heading link" jsname="hiK3ld" role="button" aria-describedby="h.5jzt3255zha0_l"><div class="VTBa7b MbhUzd" jsname="ksKsZd"></div><span jsslot class="xjKiLb"><span class="Ce1Y1c" style="top: -11px"><svg class="OUGEr QdAdhf" width="22px" height="22px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" focusable="false"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M3.9 12c0-1.71 1.39-3.1 3.1-3.1h4V7H7c-2.76 0-5 2.24-5 5s2.24 5 5 5h4v-1.9H7c-1.71 0-3.1-1.39-3.1-3.1zM8 13h8v-2H8v2zm9-6h-4v1.9h4c1.71 0 3.1 1.39 3.1 3.1s-1.39 3.1-3.1 3.1h-4V17h4c2.76 0 5-2.24 5-5s-2.24-5-5-5z"/></svg></span></span></a></div></div><span class="jgG6ef C9DxTc " style="font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Geomaterials</span></div></h2></div></div><div role="button" class="uArJ5e Y5FYJe cjq2Db zGbri" jscontroller="VXdfxd" jsaction="click:cOuCgd; mousedown:UX7yZ; mouseup:lbsD7e; mouseenter:tfO1Yc; mouseleave:JywGue;touchstart:p6p2H; touchmove:FwuNnf; touchend:yfqBxc(preventDefault=true); touchcancel:JMtRjd;focus:AHmuwe; blur:O22p3e; contextmenu:mg9Pef;" jsshadow aria-label="Expand" tabindex="0" data-tooltip="Expand" data-tooltip-vertical-offset="-12" data-tooltip-horizontal-offset="0"><div class="PDXc1b MbhUzd" jsname="ksKsZd"></div><span jsslot class="XuQwKc"><span class="GmuOkf"><span class="DPvwYc Vtm4Z" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" focusable="false" class=" NMm5M"><path d="M5.41 7.59L4 9l8 8 8-8-1.41-1.41L12 14.17"/></svg></span></span></span></div><div role="button" class="uArJ5e Y5FYJe cjq2Db amZmwc" jscontroller="VXdfxd" jsaction="click:cOuCgd; mousedown:UX7yZ; mouseup:lbsD7e; mouseenter:tfO1Yc; mouseleave:JywGue;touchstart:p6p2H; 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font-family: Arial; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span><span class="jgG6ef C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">are dominated by limestone which is processed into two forms:</span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="line-height: 1.38; text-align: justify;"><span class="jgG6ef C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Dimension stone</span><span class="jgG6ef C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">: Globigerina Limestone is cut into dimension stone at sizes determined by Legal Notice 47 of 1976. </span></p><p dir="ltr" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke " style="line-height: 1.38; text-align: justify;"><span class="jgG6ef C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Aggregate</span><span class="jgG6ef C9DxTc " style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline;">: Upper and Lower Coralline Limestone are crushed to produce aggregate. Grading of aggregate is according to EN 12620:2013, but American standards are also used. Flakiness and water absorption tend to be high in Maltese aggregate which creates problems to concrete mix design requiring high strength concrete.</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section id="h.3e1b49184543d8d4_73" class="yaqOZd"><div class="IFuOkc"></div><div class="mYVXT"><div class="LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc" tabindex="-1"><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf JNdkSc SQVYQc L6cTce-purZT L6cTce-pSzOP"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"></div></div></div><div class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc"><div class="JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd"><div class="" jscontroller="sGwD4d" jsaction="zXBUYb:zTPCnb;zQF9Uc:Qxe3nd;" jsname="F57UId"><div class="oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me"><div id="h.3e1b49184543d8d4_70" class="hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb"><div class="jXK9ad-SmKAyb"><div class="tyJCtd baZpAe"><div jscontroller="rVn3Q" jsaction="rcuQ6b:rcuQ6b; 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