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differentiation in the remaining populations of Phyllostegia stachyoides and Melicope zahlbruckneri in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park and determine the extent of gene flow to identify genetically distinct individuals or groups for conservation purposes. Thirty-six Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphic (AFLP) primer combinations generated a total of 3,242 polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragments in the P. stachyoides population with a percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) ranging from 39.3 to 65.7% and 2,780 for the M. zahlbruckneri population with a PPB of 18.8 to 64.6%. Population differentiation (Fst) of AFLP loci between subpopulations of P. stachyoides was low (0.043) across populations. Analysis of molecular variance of P. stachyoides showed that 4% of the observed genetic differentiation occurred between populations in different kīpuka and 96% when individuals were pooled from all kīpuka. Moderate genetic diversity was detected within the M. zahlbruckneri population. Bayesian and multivariate analyses both classified the P. stachyoides and M. zahlbruckneri populations into genetic groups with considerable sub-structuring detected in the P. stachyoides population. The proportion of genetic differentiation among populations explained by geographical distance was estimated by Mantel tests. No spatial correlation was found between genetic and geographic distances in both populations. Finally, a moderate but significant gene flow that could be attributed to insect or bird-mediated dispersal of pollen across the different kīpuka was observed. The results of this study highlight the utility of a multi-allelic DNA-based marker in screening a large number of polymorphic loci in small and closely related endangered populations and revealed the presence of genetically unique groups of individuals in both M. zahlbruckneri and P. stachyoides populations. Based on these findings, approaches that can assist conservation efforts of these species are proposed.","publication_date":"2013,,","publication_name":"CTIT technical reports series","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"92165717"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Population genetic structure of rare and endangered plants using molecular markers","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [18729745]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div 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data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="114265790" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/114265790/Genetic_Variation_and_Structure_in_Remnant_Population_of_Critically_Endangered_Melicope_zahlbruckneri">Genetic Variation and Structure in Remnant Population of Critically Endangered Melicope zahlbruckneri</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="18729745" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CarterAtkinson">Carter 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Iriondo</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38245488" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MGonzalezbenito">M. Gonzalez-benito</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Erodium paularense Fern. Gonz. & Izco (Geraniaceae) is a perennial, narrow endemic species of central Spain. Recently, three new populations have been found 160 km northwest of the first site, although the taxonomic status of the new populations has not yet been published. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to confirm that the new populations belong to E. paularense , and to evaluate the genetic diversity among individuals, populations and regions. The two regions were clearly differentiated through UPGMA , whereas significant φ ST distances between all pairs of populations were obtained by AMOVA. Genetic distances between populations were partially explained by geographical distances. 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Poland","attachmentId":84920349,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77532590/Low_Genetic_Variation_in_Subpopulations_of_an_Endangered_Clonal_PlantIris_sibiricain_Southern_Poland","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/77532590/Low_Genetic_Variation_in_Subpopulations_of_an_Endangered_Clonal_PlantIris_sibiricain_Southern_Poland"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="4194259" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4194259/Analysis_of_genetic_diversity_in_the_endangered_tropical_tree_species_Hagenia_abyssinica_using_ISSR_markers">Analysis of genetic diversity in the endangered tropical tree species Hagenia abyssinica using ISSR markers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3681124" href="https://cas-cz.academia.edu/IgorBartish">Igor V Bartish</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Genetic diversity within and among 12 populations of the dioecious tropical tree species Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel. in Ethiopia was examined with eight inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers. A total of 104 clearly scorable bands were generated, among which 84 (81%) were polymorphic. Jaccard similarity coefficient was calculated for pairwise comparisons among all 120 individuals and ranged from 0.30 to 0.88 while average within-population similarity ranged from 0.53 to 0.66. Within-population variability was estimated as percentage polymorphic loci (ranging from 52% to 87%), Shannon’s information index (0.30–0.50) and Nei’s genetic diversity (0.21–0.35). The highest variability values were obtained for one recently planted population and for one wild population growing in an undisturbed primary forest area. Significant overall differentiation among populations was detected by both Shannon’s information index (0.26) and G ST (0.25). Relatedness among samples was estimated with a principal coordinate analysis, and relatedness among populations was estimated with a cluster analysis (UPGMA). A Mantel test indicated a significant association between genetic and geographic distances, and an autocorrelation analysis showed significant evidence of gene flow over distances up to 30 km. This study is the first of its kind for H. abyssinica, which has decreased recently in Ethiopia and now must be regarded as an endangered species. Both within-population and between-population diversity estimates are typical of outcrossing, longlived and late successional species, suggesting that recent anthropogenic disturbances have not yet had much impact on population genetic parameters. DNA marker data can, however, be used to identify the most suitable sites for in situ conservation and for collection of material for establishment of genebanks and plant improvement programs.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Analysis of genetic diversity in the endangered tropical tree species Hagenia abyssinica using ISSR markers","attachmentId":32741140,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4194259/Analysis_of_genetic_diversity_in_the_endangered_tropical_tree_species_Hagenia_abyssinica_using_ISSR_markers","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4194259/Analysis_of_genetic_diversity_in_the_endangered_tropical_tree_species_Hagenia_abyssinica_using_ISSR_markers"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="59184744" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59184744/High_levels_of_genetic_diversity_and_population_structure_in_an_endemic_and_rare_species_Implications_for_conservation">High levels of genetic diversity and population structure in an endemic and rare species: Implications for conservation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44188626" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LoretaFreitas">Loreta Freitas</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">AoB Plants, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"High levels of genetic diversity and population structure in an endemic and rare species: Implications for conservation","attachmentId":73238871,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59184744/High_levels_of_genetic_diversity_and_population_structure_in_an_endemic_and_rare_species_Implications_for_conservation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/59184744/High_levels_of_genetic_diversity_and_population_structure_in_an_endemic_and_rare_species_Implications_for_conservation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="79610709" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79610709/Genetic_Diversity_of_i_Lilium_auratum_i_var_i_platyphyllum_i_Endemic_to_the_Izu_Archipelago_and_its_Relationship_to_a_Nearby_Population_of_i_L_auratum_i_var_i_auratum_i_by_Morphological_and_SSR_Analysis">Genetic Diversity of <i>Lilium auratum</i> var. <i>platyphyllum</i> Endemic to the Izu Archipelago and its Relationship to a Nearby Population of <i>L. auratum</i> var. <i>auratum</i> by Morphological and SSR Analysis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35656042" href="https://sauvage.academia.edu/TakashiHanda">Takashi Handa</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Horticulture Journal, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Genetic Diversity of \u003ci\u003eLilium auratum\u003c/i\u003e var. \u003ci\u003eplatyphyllum\u003c/i\u003e Endemic to the Izu Archipelago and its Relationship to a Nearby Population of \u003ci\u003eL. auratum\u003c/i\u003e var. \u003ci\u003eauratum\u003c/i\u003e by Morphological and SSR Analysis","attachmentId":86266475,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79610709/Genetic_Diversity_of_i_Lilium_auratum_i_var_i_platyphyllum_i_Endemic_to_the_Izu_Archipelago_and_its_Relationship_to_a_Nearby_Population_of_i_L_auratum_i_var_i_auratum_i_by_Morphological_and_SSR_Analysis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/79610709/Genetic_Diversity_of_i_Lilium_auratum_i_var_i_platyphyllum_i_Endemic_to_the_Izu_Archipelago_and_its_Relationship_to_a_Nearby_Population_of_i_L_auratum_i_var_i_auratum_i_by_Morphological_and_SSR_Analysis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":92165717,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":92165717,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_92165717" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div 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structure, outcrossing rate, contemporary pollen gene flow of an understory herb in a highly fragmented rainforest","attachmentId":53136100,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33025569/Life_history_and_past_demography_maintain_genetic_structure_outcrossing_rate_contemporary_pollen_gene_flow_of_an_understory_herb_in_a_highly_fragmented_rainforest","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/33025569/Life_history_and_past_demography_maintain_genetic_structure_outcrossing_rate_contemporary_pollen_gene_flow_of_an_understory_herb_in_a_highly_fragmented_rainforest"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="95603134" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/95603134/High_genetic_divergence_characterizes_populations_of_the_endemic_plant_Lithophragma_maximum_Saxifragaceae_on_San_Clemente_Island">High genetic divergence characterizes populations of the endemic plant Lithophragma maximum (Saxifragaceae) on San Clemente Island</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="48545804" href="https://independent.academia.edu/lisawallace15">lisa wallace</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Conservation Genetics, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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ds2-5-body-xs">Folia Primatologica, 2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Genetic Variability in Four \u003ci\u003eAlouatta\u003c/i\u003e Species Measured by Means of Nine DNA Microsatellite Markers: Genetic Structure and Recent Bottlenecks","attachmentId":77582669,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66358928/Genetic_Variability_in_Four_i_Alouatta_i_Species_Measured_by_Means_of_Nine_DNA_Microsatellite_Markers_Genetic_Structure_and_Recent_Bottlenecks","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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