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id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ayn Ghazal statues</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84" title="تماثيل عين غزال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تماثيل عين غزال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B5%D5%B6_%D5%82%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB_%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Այն Ղազալի Արձաններ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Այն Ղազալի Արձաններ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Est%C3%A0tues_d%27Ain_Ghazal" title="Estàtues d'Ain Ghazal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estàtues d'Ain Ghazal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerfluniau_%27Ain_Ghazal" title="Cerfluniau 'Ain Ghazal – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cerfluniau 'Ain Ghazal" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estatuas_de_Ain_Ghazal" title="Estatuas de Ain Ghazal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estatuas de Ain Ghazal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84" title="تندیس‌های عین غزال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تندیس‌های عین غزال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statues_d%27Ain_Ghazal" title="Statues d'Ain Ghazal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Statues d'Ain Ghazal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B5%D5%B6_%D5%82%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Այն Ղազալի արձաններ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Այն Ղազալի արձաններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A2%27%D7%96%D7%90%D7%9C" title="פסלי עין ע'זאל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פסלי עין ע'זאל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%82%B6%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AE%E5%83%8F" title="アイン・ガザルの像 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイン・ガザルの像" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Est%C3%A1tuas_de_Ain_Ghazal" title="Estátuas de Ain Ghazal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estátuas de Ain Ghazal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD-%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Статуи Айн-Газаля – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Статуи Айн-Газаля" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="அயின் காஜல் சிலைகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அயின் காஜல் சிலைகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%27Ain_Ghazal_Heykelleri" title="'Ain Ghazal Heykelleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="'Ain Ghazal Heykelleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%97_%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD-%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Статуї Айн-Газаля – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Статуї Айн-Газаля" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%92" title="عین غزال کے مجسمے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عین غزال کے مجسمے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ayn_Ghazal_statues&params=31.988_N_35.976_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°59′17″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°58′34″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.988°N 35.976°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.988; 35.976</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=%27Ain_Ghazal_Statues&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="'Ain Ghazal Statues">'Ain Ghazal Statues</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Early Neolithic statues found in Jordan</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">ʿAin Ghazal statues</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ain_Ghazal_statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Ain_Ghazal_statue.jpg/220px-Ain_Ghazal_statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Ain_Ghazal_statue.jpg/330px-Ain_Ghazal_statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Ain_Ghazal_statue.jpg/440px-Ain_Ghazal_statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1465" data-file-height="2472" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;">Material</th><td class="infobox-data">plaster and reed</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">32 items</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;">Created</th><td class="infobox-data">between 7200 BC<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 6250 BC <sup id="cite_ref-date_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-date-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;">Discovered</th><td class="infobox-data">1983<br /><a href="/wiki/Ayn_Ghazal_(archaeological_site)" title="Ayn Ghazal (archaeological site)">ʿAin Ghazal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amman" title="Amman">Amman</a>, Jordan<br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ayn_Ghazal_statues&params=31.988_N_35.976_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°59′17″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°58′34″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.988°N 35.976°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.988; 35.976</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;">Present location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Jordan_Museum" title="The Jordan Museum">The Jordan Museum</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Near_East_non_political.png" class="mw-file-description" title="ʿAin Ghazal is located in Near East"><img alt="ʿAin Ghazal is located in Near East" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Near_East_non_political.png/240px-Near_East_non_political.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Near_East_non_political.png/360px-Near_East_non_political.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Near_East_non_political.png/480px-Near_East_non_political.png 2x" data-file-width="1490" data-file-height="842" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:54.727%;left:29.676%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ʿAin Ghazal"><img alt="ʿAin Ghazal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>ʿAin Ghazal</div></div></div></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Near East</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reliefkarte_Jordanien.png" class="mw-file-description" title="ʿAin Ghazal is located in Jordan"><img alt="ʿAin Ghazal is located in Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Reliefkarte_Jordanien.png/240px-Reliefkarte_Jordanien.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Reliefkarte_Jordanien.png/360px-Reliefkarte_Jordanien.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Reliefkarte_Jordanien.png/480px-Reliefkarte_Jordanien.png 2x" data-file-width="2335" data-file-height="2569" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:34.362%;left:25.568%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ʿAin Ghazal"><img alt="ʿAin Ghazal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>ʿAin Ghazal</div></div></div></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Jordan</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>ʿAin Ghazal statues</b> are large-scale <a href="/wiki/Lime_plaster" title="Lime plaster">lime plaster</a> and reed <a href="/wiki/Statue" title="Statue">statues</a> discovered at the archaeological site of <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Ghazal_(archaeological_site)" title="Ayn Ghazal (archaeological site)">ʿAin Ghazal</a> in <a href="/wiki/Amman" title="Amman">Amman</a>, Jordan, dating back to approximately 9,000 years ago (made between 7200 BC<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 6250 BCE),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the <a href="/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic">Pre-Pottery Neolithic</a> C period.<sup id="cite_ref-date_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-date-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A total of 15 statues and 15 busts were discovered in 1983 and 1985 in two underground caches, created about 200 years apart.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The statues are among the earliest large-scale representations of the human form and represent remarkable specimens of prehistoric art from the <a href="/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic_B" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic B">Pre-Pottery Neolithic B</a> or C period.<sup id="cite_ref-aingazal_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aingazal-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their purpose remains uncertain, with archaeologists believing they may have been buried just after production, having possibly been made with that intent.<sup id="cite_ref-McCarter163_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCarter163-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Feldman_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feldman-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ʿAin Ghazal Statues are today part of the collections of <a href="/wiki/The_Jordan_Museum" title="The Jordan Museum">The Jordan Museum</a> in Amman, with some also on display at the <a href="/wiki/Amman_Citadel" title="Amman Citadel">Amman Citadel's</a> <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Archaeological_Museum" title="Jordan Archaeological Museum">Jordan Archaeological Museum</a>, while a few have been loaned to foreign museums: one statue is in the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre Museum</a> in Paris; parts of three other statues can be seen at the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a> in London;<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and one of the figures with two heads is on show in the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Abu_Dhabi" title="Louvre Abu Dhabi">Louvre Abu Dhabi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayn_Ghazal_statues&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20100923_amman41.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/20100923_amman41.JPG/220px-20100923_amman41.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/20100923_amman41.JPG/330px-20100923_amman41.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/20100923_amman41.JPG/440px-20100923_amman41.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Statues at the Amman Citadel</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20100923_amman37.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/20100923_amman37.JPG/220px-20100923_amman37.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/20100923_amman37.JPG/330px-20100923_amman37.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/20100923_amman37.JPG/440px-20100923_amman37.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Closeup of one of the <a href="/wiki/Bicephalous" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicephalous">bicephalous</a> statues</figcaption></figure> <p>The figures are of two types: full statues and busts. Some of the busts are <a href="/wiki/Bicephaly" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicephaly">two-headed</a>. Great effort was put into modelling the heads, with wide-open eyes and bitumen-outlined irises. The statues represent men, women and children; women are recognizable by features resembling breasts and slightly enlarged bellies, but neither male nor female sexual characteristics are emphasized, and none of the statues have genitals; the only part of the statues fashioned with any amount of detail is the face.<sup id="cite_ref-McCarter163_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCarter163-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The statues were formed by modelling moist <a href="/wiki/Plaster" title="Plaster">plaster</a> from <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> on a reed core using plants that grew along the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Zarqa_River" title="Zarqa River">Zarqa River</a>. The reed decayed over the millennia, leaving plaster shells with hollow interiors. <a href="/wiki/Lime_plaster" title="Lime plaster">Lime plaster</a> is formed by heating limestone to temperatures between 600 and 900 °C (1,100 and 1,700 °F); <a href="/wiki/Calcium_hydroxide" title="Calcium hydroxide">hydrated lime</a> is then combined with water to make a dough, which was then modelled. Plaster becomes a water-resistant material when it dries and hardens. </p><p>Heads, torsos and legs were formed from separate bundles of reeds which were then assembled and covered in plaster. The irises were outlined with bitumen, and the heads were likely covered with some sort of wig.<sup id="cite_ref-wjoc_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wjoc-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They are taller than <a href="/wiki/Figurine" title="Figurine">figurines</a> or statuettes but not human-sized, the tallest statues having a height of close to 1 m (3 ft). They are disproportionately flat, about 10 cm (4 in) in thickness. They were nevertheless designed to stand up, probably anchored to the floor in enclosed areas and intended to be seen only from the front.<sup id="cite_ref-McCarter161_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCarter161-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rrjio_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rrjio-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The way the statues were made would not have permitted them to last long, and since they were buried in pristine condition it is possible that they were never on display for any extended period of time, but rather produced for the purpose of intentional burial.<sup id="cite_ref-McCarter163_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCarter163-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discovery_and_conservation">Discovery and conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayn_Ghazal_statues&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Discovery and conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ain_Ghazal_Statue_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum_Amman_Jordan0821.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ain_Ghazal_Statue_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum_Amman_Jordan0821.jpg/220px-Ain_Ghazal_Statue_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum_Amman_Jordan0821.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="443" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ain_Ghazal_Statue_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum_Amman_Jordan0821.jpg/330px-Ain_Ghazal_Statue_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum_Amman_Jordan0821.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ain_Ghazal_Statue_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum_Amman_Jordan0821.jpg/440px-Ain_Ghazal_Statue_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum_Amman_Jordan0821.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1288" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>ʿAin Ghazal statue at the Jordan Archaeological Museum, Amman</figcaption></figure> <p>The site of <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Ghazal_(archaeological_site)" title="Ayn Ghazal (archaeological site)">ʿAin Ghazal</a> was discovered in 1974 by developers who were building a highway connecting <a href="/wiki/Amman" title="Amman">Amman</a> to <a href="/wiki/Zarqa" title="Zarqa">Zarqa</a>. Excavation began in 1982. The site was inhabited during <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 7250–5000 BC</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Barker_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barker-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In its prime era, during the first half of the 7th millennium BC, the settlement extended over 10–15 hectares (25–37 ac) and was inhabited by c. 3,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-Barker_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barker-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The statues were discovered in 1983. While examining a cross section of soil in a path carved out by a bulldozer, archaeologists came across the edge of a large pit 2.5 meters (8 ft) under the surface containing plaster statues. Excavation led by <a href="/wiki/Gary_O._Rollefson" title="Gary O. Rollefson">Gary O. Rollefson</a> took place in 1984/85, with a second set of excavation under the direction of Rollefson and Zeidan Kafafi during 1993–1996.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A total of 15 statues and 15 busts were found in two caches, which were separated by nearly 200 years. Because they were carefully deposited in pits dug into the floors of abandoned houses, they are remarkably well preserved.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Remains of similar statues found at <a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">Jericho</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nahal_Hemar_Cave" title="Nahal Hemar Cave">Nahal Hemar</a> have survived only in fragmentary state.<sup id="cite_ref-McCarter161_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCarter161-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pit where the statues were found was carefully dug around, and the contents were placed in a wooden box filled with polyurethane foam for protection during shipping.<sup id="cite_ref-wjoc_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wjoc-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The statues are made of plaster, which is fragile especially after being buried for so long. The first set of statues discovered at the site was sent to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Archaeological_Institute" title="Royal Archaeological Institute">Royal Archaeological Institute</a> in Great Britain, while the second set, found a few years later, was sent to the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a> in New York for restoration work. The statues were returned to Jordan after their conservation and can be seen in <a href="/wiki/The_Jordan_Museum" title="The Jordan Museum">the Jordan Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Part of the find is on loan in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>. One statue is on loan at the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre Museum</a> in Paris, and one of the figures with two heads is on show at the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Abu_Dhabi" title="Louvre Abu Dhabi">Louvre Abu Dhabi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 972px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ain_Ghazal_statue_frontal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louvre ʿAin Ghazal statue, frontal"><img alt="Louvre ʿAin Ghazal statue, frontal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Ain_Ghazal_statue_frontal.jpg/150px-Ain_Ghazal_statue_frontal.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Ain_Ghazal_statue_frontal.jpg/225px-Ain_Ghazal_statue_frontal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Ain_Ghazal_statue_frontal.jpg/300px-Ain_Ghazal_statue_frontal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Louvre ʿAin Ghazal statue, frontal</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ain_Ghazal_statue_left_profile.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louvre ʿAin Ghazal statue left profile"><img alt="Louvre ʿAin Ghazal statue left profile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Ain_Ghazal_statue_left_profile.jpg/149px-Ain_Ghazal_statue_left_profile.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Ain_Ghazal_statue_left_profile.jpg/223px-Ain_Ghazal_statue_left_profile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Ain_Ghazal_statue_left_profile.jpg/298px-Ain_Ghazal_statue_left_profile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1465" data-file-height="1967" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Louvre ʿAin Ghazal statue left profile</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ain_Ghazal_statue_right_profile.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louvre ʿAin Ghazal statue right profile"><img alt="Louvre ʿAin Ghazal statue right profile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Ain_Ghazal_statue_right_profile.jpg/162px-Ain_Ghazal_statue_right_profile.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Ain_Ghazal_statue_right_profile.jpg/243px-Ain_Ghazal_statue_right_profile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Ain_Ghazal_statue_right_profile.jpg/323px-Ain_Ghazal_statue_right_profile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1159" data-file-height="1433" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Louvre ʿAin Ghazal statue right profile</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Micah,_Ain_Ghazal_Statue,_the_British_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Micah, ʿAin Ghazal Statue, the British Museum"><img alt="Micah, ʿAin Ghazal Statue, the British Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Micah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg/133px-Micah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Micah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg/199px-Micah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Micah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg/266px-Micah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Micah, ʿAin Ghazal Statue, the British Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noah,_Ain_Ghazal_Statue,_the_British_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Noah, ʿAin Ghazal Statue, the British Museum"><img alt="Noah, ʿAin Ghazal Statue, the British Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Noah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg/155px-Noah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Noah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg/233px-Noah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Noah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg/311px-Noah%2C_Ain_Ghazal_Statue%2C_the_British_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2841" data-file-height="3657" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Noah, ʿAin Ghazal Statue, the British Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Head,_human_statue_from_Aig_Ghazal,_Amman,_the_Jordan_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Head, human statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Amman, the Jordan Museum"><img alt="Head, human statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Amman, the Jordan Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Head%2C_human_statue_from_Aig_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_the_Jordan_Museum.jpg/176px-Head%2C_human_statue_from_Aig_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_the_Jordan_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Head%2C_human_statue_from_Aig_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_the_Jordan_Museum.jpg/264px-Head%2C_human_statue_from_Aig_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_the_Jordan_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Head%2C_human_statue_from_Aig_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_the_Jordan_Museum.jpg/352px-Head%2C_human_statue_from_Aig_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_the_Jordan_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3396" data-file-height="3857" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Head, human statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Amman, the Jordan Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Double-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal,_Amman,_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Double-headed statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Amman, Jordan Archaeological Museum"><img alt="Double-headed statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Amman, Jordan Archaeological Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Double-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg/133px-Double-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Double-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg/200px-Double-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Double-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg/267px-Double-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4016" data-file-height="6016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Double-headed statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Amman, Jordan Archaeological Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue,_human,_from_Ain_Ghazal_city,_Amman,_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue, human, from ʿAin Ghazal city, Amman, Jordan Archaeological Museum"><img alt="Statue, human, from ʿAin Ghazal city, Amman, Jordan Archaeological Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Statue%2C_human%2C_from_Ain_Ghazal_city%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg/128px-Statue%2C_human%2C_from_Ain_Ghazal_city%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Statue%2C_human%2C_from_Ain_Ghazal_city%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg/192px-Statue%2C_human%2C_from_Ain_Ghazal_city%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Statue%2C_human%2C_from_Ain_Ghazal_city%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg/256px-Statue%2C_human%2C_from_Ain_Ghazal_city%2C_Amman%2C_Jordan_Archaeological_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3698" data-file-height="5767" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue, human, from ʿAin Ghazal city, Amman, Jordan Archaeological Museum </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal,_Jordan_Museum,_Amman.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Two-headed statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Jordan Museum, Amman"><img alt="Two-headed statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Jordan Museum, Amman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg/138px-Two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg/208px-Two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg/277px-Two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3807" data-file-height="5498" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Two-headed statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Jordan Museum, Amman</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Head_of_a_two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal,_Jordan_Museum,_Amman.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Closeup of the two-headed statue from 'Ain Ghazal, Jordan Museum, Amman"><img alt="Closeup of the two-headed statue from 'Ain Ghazal, Jordan Museum, Amman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Head_of_a_two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg/147px-Head_of_a_two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Head_of_a_two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg/220px-Head_of_a_two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Head_of_a_two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg/293px-Head_of_a_two-headed_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4006" data-file-height="5459" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Closeup of the two-headed statue from 'Ain Ghazal, Jordan Museum, Amman</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal,_Amman_city,_Jordan_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Human statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Amman city, Jordan Museum"><img alt="Human statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Amman city, Jordan Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman_city%2C_Jordan_Museum.jpg/146px-Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman_city%2C_Jordan_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman_city%2C_Jordan_Museum.jpg/219px-Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman_city%2C_Jordan_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman_city%2C_Jordan_Museum.jpg/292px-Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Amman_city%2C_Jordan_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3658" data-file-height="5002" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Human statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Amman city, Jordan Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal,_Jordan_Museum,_Amman.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Human statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Jordan Museum, Amman"><img alt="Human statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Jordan Museum, Amman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg/154px-Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg/231px-Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg/308px-Human_statue_from_Ain_Ghazal%2C_Jordan_Museum%2C_Amman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4016" data-file-height="5211" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Human statue from ʿAin Ghazal, Jordan Museum, Amman</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayn_Ghazal_statues&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sculptures_of_Ain_Ghazal" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sculptures of Ain Ghazal">Sculptures of Ain Ghazal</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jericho#Stone_Age:_Tell_es-Sultan_and_spring" title="Jericho">Jericho: Stone Age (Tell es-Sultan and its spring)</a>, for instance <a href="/wiki/File:Jericho_Statue.png" title="File:Jericho Statue.png">the Jericho Statue, from c. 9000 years ago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urfa_Man" title="Urfa Man">Urfa Man</a>, c. 9000 BC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayn_Ghazal_statues&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBen-Nissan,_Besim2014" class="citation book cs1">Ben-Nissan, Besim (17 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Gmm4BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA436"><i>Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials</i></a>. Springer Science & Business. p. 436. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783642539800" title="Special:BookSources/9783642539800"><bdi>9783642539800</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advances+in+Calcium+Phosphate+Biomaterials&rft.pages=436&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business&rft.date=2014-04-17&rft.isbn=9783642539800&rft.au=Ben-Nissan%2C+Besim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGmm4BAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-date-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-date_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-date_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKleinerMamiya2006" class="citation book cs1">Kleiner, Fred S.; Mamiya, Christin J. (2006). <i>Gardner's Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective: Volume 1</i> (Twelfth ed.). <a href="/wiki/Belmont,_California" title="Belmont, California">Belmont, California</a>: Wadsworth Publishing. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-495-00479-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-495-00479-0"><bdi>0-495-00479-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gardner%27s+Art+Through+the+Ages%3A+The+Western+Perspective%3A+Volume+1&rft.place=Belmont%2C+California&rft.pages=25&rft.edition=Twelfth&rft.pub=Wadsworth+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-495-00479-0&rft.aulast=Kleiner&rft.aufirst=Fred+S.&rft.au=Mamiya%2C+Christin+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span> "ca. 6500 6250 BCE".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBen-Nissan,_Besim2014" class="citation book cs1">Ben-Nissan, Besim (17 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Gmm4BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA436"><i>Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials</i></a>. Springer Science & Business. p. 436. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783642539800" title="Special:BookSources/9783642539800"><bdi>9783642539800</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advances+in+Calcium+Phosphate+Biomaterials&rft.pages=436&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business&rft.date=2014-04-17&rft.isbn=9783642539800&rft.au=Ben-Nissan%2C+Besim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGmm4BAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Ain-Ghazal">"Ain Ghazal | Description, Culture, Significance, & Facts | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Ain+Ghazal+%7C+Description%2C+Culture%2C+Significance%2C+%26+Facts+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FAin-Ghazal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarter2012" class="citation book cs1">McCarter, Susan (12 November 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dKDfRMNpsmYC&pg=PA161"><i>Neolithic</i></a>. Routledge. pp. <span class="nowrap">161–</span>163. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781134220397" title="Special:BookSources/9781134220397"><bdi>9781134220397</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Neolithic&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E161-%3C%2Fspan%3E163&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012-11-12&rft.isbn=9781134220397&rft.aulast=McCarter&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdKDfRMNpsmYC%26pg%3DPA161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span> G. O. Rollefson in: Ian Kuijt (ed.), <i>Life in Neolithic Farming Communities: Social Organization, Identity, and Differentiation</i>, Springer (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2D8OBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA153">p. 153</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aingazal-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-aingazal_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018143147/http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/l/lime_plaster_statues.aspx">"Lime Plaster statues"</a>. <i>British Museum</i>. Trustees of the British Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/me/l/lime_plaster_statues.aspx">the original</a> on 18 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Museum&rft.atitle=Lime+Plaster+statues&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishmuseum.org%2Fexplore%2Fhighlights%2Fhighlight_objects%2Fme%2Fl%2Flime_plaster_statues.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span> The tallest of the Ayn Ghazal statues reach about 1 m in height, and they are assumed to have been free-standing, though anchored in the ground as they could not stand up unsupported. <a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleolithic art">Upper Paleolithic</a> <a href="/wiki/Venus_figurine" title="Venus figurine">figurines</a> tend to be smaller than 20 cm in height. Taller representations of the human form from the Paleolithic era, such as the <a href="/wiki/Venus_of_Laussel" title="Venus of Laussel">Venus of Laussel</a>, are in bas-relief or painted.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCarter163-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McCarter163_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCarter163_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCarter163_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McCarter, Susan (2012). <i>Neolithic</i>, Routledge, p. 163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Feldman-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Feldman_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeldman" class="citation web cs1">Feldman, Keffie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/courses/architecturebodyperformance/326.html">"Ain-Ghazal (Jordan) Pre-pottery Neolithic B Period pit of lime plaster human figures"</a>. Joukowsky Institute, Brown University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2018</span>. <q>They are largely held to represent the ancestors of those in the community, or variations on this theme. One can make the argument for this based on the similar treatment of the heads of these statues and the disarticulated and buried plastered skulls. The burial of the statues is also similar to the manner in which the people of Ain Ghazal buried their dead. However, what if these statues are not representations at all, but instead are enlivened objects themselves? What if they were buried in a similar manner to humans because they were thought to have died, or have lost their animate powers? These statues bring up equally many questions as answers, and for this reason will provide a rich site for future study.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ain-Ghazal+%28Jordan%29+Pre-pottery+Neolithic+B+Period+pit+of+lime+plaster+human+figures&rft.pub=Joukowsky+Institute%2C+Brown+University&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Keffie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brown.edu%2FDepartments%2FJoukowsky_Institute%2Fcourses%2Farchitecturebodyperformance%2F326.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artsandculture.google.com/streetview/british-museum/AwEp68JO4NECkQ?sv_h=316.4182620279755&sv_p=-8.067471856963579&sv_pid=FBMkuaIhF9L-wVvBKWVQjA&sv_lid=3582009757710443819&sv_lng=-0.1278856906070018&sv_lat=51.51957185414885&sv_z=0.6911292499459274">"British Museum, London, United Kingdom — Google Arts & Culture"</a>. <i>artsandculture.google.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=artsandculture.google.com&rft.atitle=British+Museum%2C+London%2C+United+Kingdom+%E2%80%94+Google+Arts+%26+Culture&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartsandculture.google.com%2Fstreetview%2Fbritish-museum%2FAwEp68JO4NECkQ%3Fsv_h%3D316.4182620279755%26sv_p%3D-8.067471856963579%26sv_pid%3DFBMkuaIhF9L-wVvBKWVQjA%26sv_lid%3D3582009757710443819%26sv_lng%3D-0.1278856906070018%26sv_lat%3D51.51957185414885%26sv_z%3D0.6911292499459274&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarvalho,_Stanley2017" class="citation web cs1">Carvalho, Stanley (2017-11-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-emirates-louvre/east-meets-west-as-louvre-abu-dhabi-opens-in-the-gulf-idUSKBN1D719F">"East meets West as Louvre Abu Dhabi opens in the Gulf"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=East+meets+West+as+Louvre+Abu+Dhabi+opens+in+the+Gulf&rft.date=2017-11-07&rft.au=Carvalho%2C+Stanley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-emirates-louvre%2Feast-meets-west-as-louvre-abu-dhabi-opens-in-the-gulf-idUSKBN1D719F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.louvreabudhabi.ae/en/Explore/museum-galleries/gallery-1">"The First Villages | Gallery 1"</a>. <i>Louvre Abu Dhabi</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Louvre+Abu+Dhabi&rft.atitle=The+First+Villages+%7C+Gallery+1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvreabudhabi.ae%2Fen%2FExplore%2Fmuseum-galleries%2Fgallery-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wjoc-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wjoc_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wjoc_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010220131933/http://www.asia.si.edu/jordan/html/textonly.htm">"Preserving Ancient Statues from Jordan (1996-1997 exhibition )"</a>. Arthur M. Sackler Gallery & Freer Gallery of Art, <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a>, Washington, D.C. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asia.si.edu/jordan/html/textonly.htm">the original</a> on 20 February 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Preserving+Ancient+Statues+from+Jordan+%281996-1997+exhibition+%29&rft.pub=Arthur+M.+Sackler+Gallery+%26+Freer+Gallery+of+Art%2C+Smithsonian+Institution%2C+Washington%2C+D.C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asia.si.edu%2Fjordan%2Fhtml%2Ftextonly.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCarter161-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McCarter161_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCarter161_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">McCarter, Susan (2012). <i>Neolithic</i>, Routledge, p. 161. Cache 1: Sq 2083 Loc. 20: 13 full figures, 12 one-headed busts Cache 2: Sq 3282 Loc 049: 2 figures, 3 two-headed busts and 2 unidentified pieces.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rrjio-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rrjio_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGovern2010" class="citation book cs1">McGovern, Patrick E (30 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PV5UO1ELsSUC&pg=PA91"><i>Uncorking the Past: The Quest for Wine, Beer, and Other Alcoholic Beverages</i></a>. University of California Press. p. 91. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520944688" title="Special:BookSources/9780520944688"><bdi>9780520944688</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uncorking+the+Past%3A+The+Quest+for+Wine%2C+Beer%2C+and+Other+Alcoholic+Beverages&rft.pages=91&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2010-10-30&rft.isbn=9780520944688&rft.aulast=McGovern&rft.aufirst=Patrick+E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPV5UO1ELsSUC%26pg%3DPA91&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barker-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barker_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barker_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarker,_GraemeGoucher,_Candice2015" class="citation book cs1">Barker, Graeme; Goucher, Candice (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ri07CQAAQBAJ&pg=PT426"><i>The Cambridge World History: Volume 2, A World with Agriculture, 12,000 BCE–500 CE</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 426–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-316-29778-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-316-29778-0"><bdi>978-1-316-29778-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+World+History%3A+Volume+2%2C+A+World+with+Agriculture%2C+12%2C000+BCE%E2%80%93500+CE&rft.pages=426-&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-316-29778-0&rft.au=Barker%2C+Graeme&rft.au=Goucher%2C+Candice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRi07CQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">preliminary excavation reports: Rollefson, G., and Kafafi, Z. <i>Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan</i> 38 (1994), 11–32; 40 (1996), 11–28; 41 (1997), 27–48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTubb,_Kathryn_W." class="citation cs2">Tubb, Kathryn W., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150403005601/http://www.ai-journal.com/article/download/ai.0514/165/"><i>The statues of 'Ain Ghazal: discovery, recovery and reconstruction</i></a>, Archaeology International, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ai-journal.com/article/download/ai.0514/165/">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(pdf)</span> on 2015-04-03</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+statues+of+%27Ain+Ghazal%3A+discovery%2C+recovery+and+reconstruction&rft.pub=Archaeology+International&rft.au=Tubb%2C+Kathryn+W.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ai-journal.com%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2Fai.0514%2F165%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKafafi2014" class="citation book cs1">Kafafi, Zeidan (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.openedition.org/ifpo/4883?lang=en">"Chapter two - From the First Men's Steps to the Hellenistic Age (-1.5 mya – 323 BC): Ayn Ghazal. A 10,000 year-old Jordanian village"</a>. In Ababsa, Myriam (ed.). <i>Atlas of Jordan: History, Territories and Society</i>. Contemporain publications. Presses de l'Ifpo. pp. <span class="nowrap">111–</span>113. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-35159438-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-35159438-4"><bdi>978-2-35159438-4</bdi></a> – via <a href="/wiki/Centre_pour_l%27%C3%89dition_%C3%89lectronique_Ouverte" title="Centre pour l'Édition Électronique Ouverte">OpenEdition Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+two+-+From+the+First+Men%27s+Steps+to+the+Hellenistic+Age+%28-1.5+mya+%E2%80%93+323+BC%29%3A+Ayn+Ghazal.+A+10%2C000+year-old+Jordanian+village&rft.btitle=Atlas+of+Jordan%3A+History%2C+Territories+and+Society&rft.series=Contemporain+publications&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E111-%3C%2Fspan%3E113&rft.pub=Presses+de+l%27Ifpo&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-2-35159438-4&rft.aulast=Kafafi&rft.aufirst=Zeidan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.openedition.org%2Fifpo%2F4883%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAyn+Ghazal+statues" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Akkermans, Peter M.M.G. and Glenn M. Schwartz (2003), <i>The archaeology of Syria: from complex hunter-gatherers to early urban societies (ca. 16,000–300 BC)</i>, Cambridge World Archaeology, Cambridge University Press, pp. 83ff.</li> <li>Grissom, C.A. (2000), "Neolithic statues from 'Ain Ghazal: construction and form", <i>American Journal of Archaeology</i> 104, 25–45.</li> <li>Rollefson, G.O. (1983), "Ritual and ceremony at Neolithic 'Ain Ghazal (Jordan)". <i>Paléorient</i> 9, 29–38.</li> <li>Rollefson, G.O. (1984), "Early Neolithic statuary from 'Ain Ghazal (Jordan)", <i>Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft</i> 116, 185–192.</li> <li>Rollefson, G.O. (1986), "Neolithic 'Ain Ghazal (Jordan)- Ritual and ceremony II", <i>Paléorient</i> 12, 45–51.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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inversée">Pyramide inversée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cour_Carr%C3%A9e" title="Cour Carrée">Cour Carrée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Louvre">Medieval Louvre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Antiquities161" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Antiquities</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Near_Eastern_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Near Eastern antiquities">Near East</a><br />and Middle East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BFAin_Ghazal_statues" class="mw-redirect" title="ʿAin Ghazal statues">ʿAin Ghazal statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_362" title="Amarna letter EA 362">Amarna letter EA 362</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_364" title="Amarna letter EA 364">Amarna letter EA 364</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_365" title="Amarna letter EA 365">Amarna letter EA 365</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_367" title="Amarna letter EA 367">Amarna letter EA 367</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_lion_weights" title="Assyrian lion weights">Assyrian lion weights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baal_with_Thunderbolt" title="Baal with Thunderbolt">Baal with Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushel_with_ibex_motifs" title="Bushel with ibex motifs">Bushel with ibex motifs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cippi_of_Melqart" title="Cippi of Melqart">Cippi of Melqart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Hammurabi" title="Code of Hammurabi">Code of Hammurabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcophagus_of_Eshmunazar_II" title="Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II">Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudea_cylinders" title="Gudea cylinders">Gudea cylinders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurrian_foundation_pegs" title="Hurrian foundation pegs">Hurrian foundation pegs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_of_Zimri-Lim" title="Investiture of Zimri-Lim">Investiture of Zimri-Lim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lament_for_Ur" title="Lament for Ur">Lament for Ur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_grant_to_Marduk-apla-iddina_I_by_Meli-Shipak_II" title="Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II">Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_grant_to_Munnabittu_kudurru" title="Land grant to Munnabittu kudurru">Land grant to Munnabittu kudurru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_of_Mari" title="Lion of Mari">Lion of Mari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manishtushu#Manishtushu_Obelisk" title="Manishtushu">Manishtushu Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masub_inscription" class="mw-redirect" title="Masub inscription">Masub inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesha_Stele" title="Mesha Stele">Mesha Stele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namara_inscription" title="Namara inscription">Namara inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narundi" title="Narundi">Narundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazareth_Inscription" title="Nazareth Inscription">Nazareth Inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazimarutta%C5%A1_kudurru_stone" title="Nazimaruttaš kudurru stone">Nazimaruttaš kudurru stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neirab_steles" title="Neirab steles">Neirab steles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_Bust" title="Osorkon Bust">Osorkon Bust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_metal_bowls" title="Phoenician metal bowls">Phoenician metal bowls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Marcius_trilingual_inscription" title="Quintus Marcius trilingual inscription">Quintus Marcius trilingual inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidon_Mithraeum" title="Sidon Mithraeum">Sidon Mithraeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Iddi-Ilum" title="Statue of Iddi-Ilum">Statue of Iddi-Ilum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ebih-Il" title="Statue of Ebih-Il">Statue of Ebih-Il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stele_of_the_Vultures" title="Stele of the Vultures">Stele of the Vultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stele_of_Zakkur" title="Stele of Zakkur">Stele of Zakkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayma_stones" title="Tayma stones">Tayma stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiara_of_Saitaferne" title="Tiara of Saitaferne">Tiara of Saitaferne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vase_of_Entemena" title="Vase of Entemena">Vase of Entemena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Stele_of_Naram-Sin" title="Victory Stele of Naram-Sin">Victory Stele of Naram-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worshipper_of_Larsa" title="Worshipper of Larsa">Worshipper of Larsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehawmilk_Stele" title="Yehawmilk Stele">Yehawmilk Stele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziwiye_hoard" title="Ziwiye hoard">Ziwiye hoard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Egyptian_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Egyptian antiquities">Ancient Egypt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gebel_el-Arak_Knife" title="Gebel el-Arak Knife">Gebel el-Arak Knife</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seated_Scribe" title="The Seated Scribe">The Seated Scribe</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banishment_Stela" title="Banishment Stela">Banishment Stela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bentresh_stela" title="Bentresh stela">Bentresh stela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Sphinx_of_Thutmose_III" title="Bronze Sphinx of Thutmose III">Bronze Sphinx of Thutmose III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmetic_Spoon:_Young_Girl_Swimming" title="Cosmetic Spoon: Young Girl Swimming">Cosmetic Spoon: Young Girl Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dendera_zodiac" title="Dendera zodiac">Dendera zodiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sphinx_of_Tanis" title="Great Sphinx of Tanis">Great Sphinx of Tanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khonsuemheb_and_the_Ghost" title="Khonsuemheb and the Ghost">Khonsuemheb and the Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raherka_and_Meresankh" title="Raherka and Meresankh">Raherka and Meresankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stela_of_Pasenhor" title="Stela of Pasenhor">Stela of Pasenhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Akhethetep" title="Tomb of Akhethetep">Tomb of Akhethetep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bull_Palette" title="Bull Palette">Bull Palette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunters_Palette" title="Hunters Palette">Hunters Palette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Karomama,_the_Divine_Adoratrice_of_Amun" title="Statue of Karomama, the Divine Adoratrice of Amun">Statue of Karomama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Greek_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Greek antiquities">Greece</a> and <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Roman_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Roman antiquities">Rome</a>,<br /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Etruscan_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Etruscan antiquities">Etruscan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albani_lion" title="Albani lion">Albani lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_of_Domitius_Ahenobarbus" title="Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus">Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antinous_Mondragone" title="Antinous Mondragone">Antinous Mondragone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antioch_mosaics" title="Antioch mosaics">Antioch mosaics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Belvedere" title="Apollo Belvedere">Apollo Belvedere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_of_Mantua" title="Apollo of Mantua">Apollo of Mantua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_of_Piombino" title="Apollo of Piombino">Apollo of Piombino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Sauroktonos" title="Apollo Sauroktonos">Apollo Sauroktonos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares_Borghese" title="Ares Borghese">Ares Borghese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena_of_Velletri" title="Athena of Velletri">Athena of Velletri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barberini_ivory" title="Barberini ivory">Barberini ivory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borghese_Collection" title="Borghese Collection">Borghese Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borghese_Gladiator" title="Borghese Gladiator">Borghese Gladiator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borghese_Vase" title="Borghese Vase">Borghese Vase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borghese_Venus" title="Borghese Venus">Borghese Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boscoreale_Treasure" title="Boscoreale Treasure">Boscoreale Treasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche_(Capitoline_Museums)" title="Cupid and Psyche (Capitoline Museums)">Cupid and Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_of_Gabii" title="Diana of Gabii">Diana of Gabii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_of_Versailles" title="Diana of Versailles">Diana of Versailles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinos_of_the_Gorgon_Painter" title="Dinos of the Gorgon Painter">Dinos of the Gorgon Painter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dying_Gaul" title="Dying Gaul">Dying Gaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurytios_Krater" title="Eurytios Krater">Eurytios Krater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furietti_Centaurs" title="Furietti Centaurs">Furietti Centaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladiator_Mosaic" title="Gladiator Mosaic">Gladiator Mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera_Borghese" title="Hera Borghese">Hera Borghese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules_and_the_lion_of_Nemea_(Louvre_Museum,_L_31_MN_B909)" title="Hercules and the lion of Nemea (Louvre Museum, L 31 MN B909)">Hercules and the lion of Nemea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_Paris_(mosaic)" title="Judgement of Paris (mosaic)">Judgement of Paris (mosaic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_of_Auxerre" title="Lady of Auxerre">Lady of Auxerre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Incantadas" title="Las Incantadas">Las Incantadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcellus_as_Hermes_Logios" title="Marcellus as Hermes Logios">Marcellus as Hermes Logios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazareth_Inscription" title="Nazareth Inscription">Nazareth Inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rampin_Rider" title="Rampin Rider">Rampin Rider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcophagus_of_the_Spouses" title="Sarcophagus of the Spouses">Sarcophagus of the Spouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Ariadne" title="Sleeping Ariadne">Sleeping Ariadne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Hermaphroditus" title="Sleeping Hermaphroditus">Sleeping Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_the_Tiber_river_with_Romulus_and_Remus" title="Statue of the Tiber river with Romulus and Remus">Statue of the Tiber river with Romulus and Remus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Exaltation_of_the_Flower" title="The Exaltation of the Flower">The Exaltation of the Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_and_Mars_(sculpture)" title="Venus and Mars (sculpture)">Venus and Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_de_Milo" title="Venus de Milo">Venus de Milo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Genetrix_(sculpture)" title="Venus Genetrix (sculpture)">Venus Genetrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_of_Arles" title="Venus of Arles">Venus of Arles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winged_Lion_of_Vulci" title="Winged Lion of Vulci">Winged Lion of Vulci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winged_Victory_of_Samothrace" title="Winged Victory of Samothrace">Winged Victory of Samothrace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Byzantine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harbaville_Triptych" title="Harbaville Triptych">Harbaville Triptych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampsacus_Treasure" title="Lampsacus Treasure">Lampsacus Treasure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Paintings161" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Paintings</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_French_paintings" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - French paintings">French</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Anonymous</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Diana_the_Huntress" title="Diana the Huntress">Diana the Huntress</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_d%27Estr%C3%A9es_et_une_de_ses_s%C5%93urs" title="Gabrielle d'Estrées et une de ses sœurs">Gabrielle d'Estrées et une de ses sœurs</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Benoist</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madeleine" title="Portrait of Madeleine">Portrait of Madeleine</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Boilly</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Artists_in_Isabey%27s_Studio" title="Artists in Isabey's Studio">Artists in Isabey's Studio</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Boucher</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Brunette_Odalisque" title="The Brunette Odalisque">The Brunette Odalisque</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Diana_Bathing_(Boucher)" title="Diana Bathing (Boucher)">Diana Bathing</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_Presenting_Venus_with_Arms_for_Aeneas_(Boucher)" title="Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas (Boucher)">Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Champaigne</b></span> <i><a href="/wiki/Ex-Voto_de_1662" title="Ex-Voto de 1662">Ex-Voto de 1662</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII_Crowned_by_Victory" title="Louis XIII Crowned by Victory">Louis XIII Crowned by Victory</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Chardin</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Attributes_of_Civilian_and_Military_Music" title="The Attributes of Civilian and Military Music">The Attributes of Civilian and Military Music</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Attributes_of_Music,_the_Arts_and_the_Sciences" title="The Attributes of Music, the Arts and the Sciences">The Attributes of Music, the Arts and the Sciences</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Boy_with_a_Spinning-Top" title="Boy with a Spinning-Top">Boy with a Spinning-Top</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Buffet_(Chardin)" title="The Buffet (Chardin)">The Buffet</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ray_(Chardin)" title="The Ray (Chardin)">The Ray</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saying_Grace_(Chardin)" title="Saying Grace (Chardin)">Saying Grace</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Chassériau</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Aline_Chass%C3%A9riau" title="Aline Chassériau">Aline Chassériau</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(Chass%C3%A9riau)" title="Self-Portrait (Chassériau)">Self-Portrait</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Toilette_of_Esther" title="The Toilette of Esther">The Toilette of Esther</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Sisters_(Chass%C3%A9riau)" title="The Two Sisters (Chassériau)">The Two Sisters</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Claude</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Village_F%C3%AAte_(Claude_Lorrain)" title="Village Fête (Claude Lorrain)">Village Fête</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Corot</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_at_Narni" title="The Bridge at Narni">The Bridge at Narni</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Souvenir_de_Mortefontaine" title="Souvenir de Mortefontaine">Souvenir de Mortefontaine</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>David</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Andromache_Mourning_Hector" title="Andromache Mourning Hector">Andromache Mourning Hector</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="The Coronation of Napoleon">The Coronation of Napoleon</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Intervention_of_the_Sabine_Women" title="The Intervention of the Sabine Women">The Intervention of the Sabine Women</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Leonidas_at_Thermopylae" title="Leonidas at Thermopylae">Leonidas at Thermopylae</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lictors_Bring_to_Brutus_the_Bodies_of_His_Sons" title="The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons">The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Loves_of_Paris_and_Helen" title="The Loves of Paris and Helen">The Loves of Paris and Helen</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Minerva_Fighting_Mars" title="Minerva Fighting Mars">Minerva Fighting Mars</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Oath_of_the_Horatii" title="Oath of the Horatii">Oath of the Horatii</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madame_Marie-Louise_Trudaine" title="Portrait of Madame Marie-Louise Trudaine">Portrait of Madame Marie-Louise Trudaine</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madame_R%C3%A9camier" title="Portrait of Madame Récamier">Portrait of Madame Récamier</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Pope_Pius_VII" title="Portrait of Pope Pius VII">Portrait of Pope Pius VII</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(David)" title="Self-Portrait (David)">Self-Portrait</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Delacroix</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Barque_of_Dante" title="The Barque of Dante">The Barque of Dante</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bride_of_Abydos_(Delacroix)" title="The Bride of Abydos (Delacroix)">The Bride of Abydos</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Sardanapalus" title="The Death of Sardanapalus">The Death of Sardanapalus</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Entry_of_the_Crusaders_in_Constantinople" title="Entry of the Crusaders in Constantinople">Entry of the Crusaders in Constantinople</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Leading_the_People" title="Liberty Leading the People">Liberty Leading the People</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Lion_Devouring_a_Rabbit" title="Lion Devouring a Rabbit">Lion Devouring a Rabbit</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Mademoiselle_Rose" title="Mademoiselle Rose">Mademoiselle Rose</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Massacre_at_Chios" title="The Massacre at Chios">The Massacre at Chios</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Murder_of_the_Bishop_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="The Murder of the Bishop of Liège">The Murder of the Bishop of Liège</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Orphan_Girl_at_the_Cemetery" title="Orphan Girl at the Cemetery">Orphan Girl at the Cemetery</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin_and_George_Sand" title="Portrait of Frédéric Chopin and George Sand">Portrait of Frédéric Chopin</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Picador_(watercolour_painting)" title="The Picador (watercolour painting)">The Picador</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Women_of_Algiers" title="Women of Algiers">Women of Algiers</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/A_Young_Tiger_Playing_with_Its_Mother" title="A Young Tiger Playing with Its Mother">A Young Tiger Playing with Its Mother</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Delaroche</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Bonaparte_Crossing_the_Alps" title="Bonaparte Crossing the Alps">Bonaparte Crossing the Alps</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Children_of_Edward" title="The Children of Edward">The Children of Edward</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Martyr" title="The Young Martyr">The Young Martyr</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Flandrin</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Study_(Young_Male_Nude_Seated_Beside_the_Sea)" title="Study (Young Male Nude Seated Beside the Sea)">Study (Young Male Nude Seated Beside the Sea)</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Fragonard</b></span>:  <i><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds_(Fragonard)" title="Adoration of the Shepherds (Fragonard)">Adoration of the Shepherds</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Coresus_Sacrificing_Himself_to_Save_Callirhoe" title="Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe">Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bolt_(Fragonard)" title="The Bolt (Fragonard)">The Bolt</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Géricault</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_1821_Derby_at_Epsom" title="The 1821 Derby at Epsom">The 1821 Derby at Epsom</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Charging_Chasseur" title="The Charging Chasseur">The Charging Chasseur</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Raft_of_the_Medusa" title="The Raft of the Medusa">The Raft of the Medusa</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Woman_with_a_Gambling_Mania" title="The Woman with a Gambling Mania">The Woman with a Gambling Mania</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wounded_Cuirassier" title="The Wounded Cuirassier">The Wounded Cuirassier</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Girodet</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Burial_of_Atala" title="The Burial of Atala">The Burial of Atala</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Pygmalion_and_Galatea_(Girodet)" title="Pygmalion and Galatea (Girodet)">Pygmalion and Galatea</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Scene_from_a_Deluge" title="Scene from a Deluge">Scene from a Deluge</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Greuze</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bible_Reading" title="The Bible Reading">The Bible Reading</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Broken_Vessel" title="The Broken Vessel">The Broken Vessel</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Father%27s_Curse" title="The Father's Curse">The Father's Curse</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Village_Bride" title="The Village Bride">The Village Bride</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Gros</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Bonaparte_at_the_Pont_d%27Arcole" title="Bonaparte at the Pont d'Arcole">Bonaparte at the Pont d'Arcole</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Bonaparte_Visiting_the_Plague_Victims_of_Jaffa" title="Bonaparte Visiting the Plague Victims of Jaffa">Bonaparte Visiting the Plague Victims of Jaffa</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_Portrait_of_Joachim_Murat,_King_of_Naples" title="Equestrian Portrait of Joachim Murat, King of Naples">Equestrian Portrait of Joachim Murat, King of Naples</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_on_the_Battlefield_of_Eylau" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoléon on the Battlefield of Eylau">Napoléon on the Battlefield of Eylau</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Guérin</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Andromache_and_Pyrrhus" title="Andromache and Pyrrhus">Andromache and Pyrrhus</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_a_Young_Girl_(Gu%C3%A9rin)" title="Portrait of a Young Girl (Guérin)">Portrait of a Young Girl</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_Marcus_Sextus" title="The Return of Marcus Sextus">The Return of Marcus Sextus</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Huet</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Flood_of_Saint-Cloud" title="The Flood of Saint-Cloud">The Flood of Saint-Cloud</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Normandy_Thatched_Cottage,_Old_Trouville" title="Normandy Thatched Cottage, Old Trouville">Normandy Thatched Cottage, Old Trouville</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Ingres</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Apotheosis_of_Homer_(Ingres)" title="The Apotheosis of Homer (Ingres)">The Apotheosis of Homer</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Don_Pedro_of_Toledo_Kissing_Henry_IV%27s_Sword" title="Don Pedro of Toledo Kissing Henry IV's Sword">Don Pedro of Toledo Kissing Henry IV's Sword</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Grande_Odalisque" title="Grande Odalisque">Grande Odalisque</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc_at_the_Coronation_of_Charles_VII" title="Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII">Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Mademoiselle_Caroline_Rivi%C3%A8re" title="Mademoiselle Caroline Rivière">Mademoiselle Caroline Rivière</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_and_the_Sphinx_(Ingres)" title="Oedipus and the Sphinx (Ingres)">Oedipus and the Sphinx</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madame_Marcotte_de_Sainte-Marie" title="Portrait of Madame Marcotte de Sainte-Marie">Portrait of Madame Marcotte de Sainte-Marie</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Monsieur_Bertin" title="Portrait of Monsieur Bertin">Portrait of Monsieur Bertin</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Roger_Freeing_Angelica_(Ingres)" title="Roger Freeing Angelica (Ingres)">Roger Freeing Angelica</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Turkish_Bath" title="The Turkish Bath">The Turkish Bath</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Valpin%C3%A7on_Bather" title="The Valpinçon Bather">The Valpinçon Bather</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>La Tour</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Adoration_of_the_Shepherds_(de_la_Tour)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Adoration of the Shepherds (de la Tour)">The Adoration of the Shepherds</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Card_Sharp_with_the_Ace_of_Diamonds" title="The Card Sharp with the Ace of Diamonds">The Card Sharp with the Ace of Diamonds</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Joseph_the_Carpenter" title="Joseph the Carpenter">Joseph the Carpenter</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Magdalene_with_the_Smoking_Flame" title="Magdalene with the Smoking Flame">Magdalene with the Smoking Flame</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Sebastian_Tended_by_Saint_Irene_(Georges_de_La_Tour,_Louvre)" title="Saint Sebastian Tended by Saint Irene (Georges de La Tour, Louvre)">Saint Sebastian Tended by Saint Irene</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Philippe de Champaigne</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Ex-Voto_de_1662" title="Ex-Voto de 1662">Ex-Voto de 1662</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Poussin</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Camillus_Handing_the_Falerian_Schoolmaster_over_to_his_Pupils" title="Camillus Handing the Falerian Schoolmaster over to his Pupils">Camillus Handing the Falerian Schoolmaster over to his Pupils</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Et_in_Arcadia_ego_(Poussin)" title="Et in Arcadia ego (Poussin)">Et in Arcadia ego</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Seasons_(Poussin)" title="The Four Seasons (Poussin)">The Four Seasons</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Funeral_of_Phocion" title="The Funeral of Phocion">The Funeral of Phocion</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Inspiration_of_the_Poet" title="The Inspiration of the Poet">The Inspiration of the Poet</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_Orpheus_and_Eurydice" title="Landscape with Orpheus and Eurydice">Landscape with Orpheus and Eurydice</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Quarton</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0_of_Villeneuve-l%C3%A8s-Avignon" title="Pietà of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon">Pietà of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Robert</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Principal_Monuments_of_France" title="Principal Monuments of France">Principal Monuments of France</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Project_for_the_Transformation_of_the_Grande_Galerie_du_Louvre" title="Project for the Transformation of the Grande Galerie du Louvre">Project for the Transformation of the Grande Galerie du Louvre</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Scheffer</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Francesca_da_Rimini_and_Paolo_Malatesta_Appraised_by_Dante_and_Virgil" title="Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil">Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Vernet C.</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/A_Mediterranean_Port" title="A Mediterranean Port">A Mediterranean Port</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Vernet H.</b></span>  <i><a href="/wiki/Raphael_at_the_Vatican" title="Raphael at the Vatican">Raphael at the Vatican</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Vigée Le Brun</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Peace_Bringing_Back_Abundance" title="Peace Bringing Back Abundance">Peace Bringing Back Abundance</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Joseph_Vernet" title="Portrait of Joseph Vernet">Portrait of Joseph Vernet</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_with_Julie_(Self-Portrait_%C3%A0_la_Grecque)" title="Self-Portrait with Julie (Self-Portrait à la Grecque)">Self-Portrait with Julie (Self-Portrait à la Grecque)</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_with_Julie_(Maternal_Tenderness)" title="Self-Portrait with Julie (Maternal Tenderness)">Self-Portrait with Julie (Maternal Tenderness)</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Vouet</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Wealth" title="Allegory of Wealth">Allegory of Wealth</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Hesselin_Madonna" title="Hesselin Madonna">Hesselin Madonna</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Watteau</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Embarkation_for_Cythera" title="The Embarkation for Cythera">The Embarkation for Cythera</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Faux_Pas" title="The Faux Pas">The Faux Pas</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Indiff%C3%A9rent" title="L'Indifférent">L'Indifférent</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_and_Antiope_(Watteau)" title="Jupiter and Antiope (Watteau)">Jupiter and Antiope</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Pierrot_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierrot (painting)">Pierrot</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Cousins" title="The Two Cousins">The Two Cousins</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Italian_paintings" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Italian paintings">Italian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Fra Angelico</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Virgin_(Fra_Angelico,_Louvre)" title="Coronation of the Virgin (Fra Angelico, Louvre)">Coronation of the Virgin</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Antonello da Messina</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Christ_at_the_Column_(Antonello_da_Messina)" title="Christ at the Column (Antonello da Messina)">Christ at the Column</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Arcimboldo</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Seasons_(Arcimboldo)" title="The Four Seasons (Arcimboldo)">The Four Seasons</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Bellini</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Christ_Blessing_(Bellini,_1460)" title="Christ Blessing (Bellini, 1460)">Christ Blessing</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Madonna_and_Child_with_Saint_Peter_and_Saint_Sebastian" title="Madonna and Child with Saint Peter and Saint Sebastian">Madonna and Child with Saint Peter and Saint Sebastian</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_a_Young_Man_(Bellini,_Paris)" title="Portrait of a Young Man (Bellini, Paris)">Portrait of a Young Man</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Botticelli</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Esther" title="Life of Esther">Three Scenes from the Life of Esther</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Venus_and_the_Three_Graces_Presenting_Gifts_to_a_Young_Woman" title="Venus and the Three Graces Presenting Gifts to a Young Woman">Venus and the Three Graces Presenting Gifts to a Young Woman</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/A_Young_Man_Being_Introduced_to_the_Seven_Liberal_Arts" title="A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts">A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Caravaggio</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_the_Virgin_(Caravaggio)" title="Death of the Virgin (Caravaggio)">Death of the Virgin</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fortune_Teller_(Caravaggio)" title="The Fortune Teller (Caravaggio)">The Fortune Teller</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Alof_de_Wignacourt_and_his_Page" title="Portrait of Alof de Wignacourt and his Page">Portrait of Alof de Wignacourt and his Page</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Carpaccio</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sermon_of_St._Stephen_(Carpaccio)" title="The Sermon of St. Stephen (Carpaccio)">The Sermon of St. Stephen</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Carracci</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Fishing_(Carracci)" title="Fishing (Carracci)">Fishing</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Hunting_(Carracci)" title="Hunting (Carracci)">Hunting</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Cimabue</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Maest%C3%A0_(Cimabue)" title="Maestà (Cimabue)">Maestà</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Correggio</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Vice_(Correggio)" title="Allegory of Vice (Correggio)">Allegory of Vice</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Virtue_(Correggio)" title="Allegory of Virtue (Correggio)">Allegory of Virtue</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Mystic_Marriage_of_Saint_Catherine_(Correggio,_Paris)" title="Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine (Correggio, Paris)">Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Venus_and_Cupid_with_a_Satyr" title="Venus and Cupid with a Satyr">Venus and Cupid with a Satyr</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Costa</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Isabella_d%27Este%27s_Coronation" title="Allegory of Isabella d'Este's Coronation">Allegory of Isabella d'Este's Coronation</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Reign_of_Comus_(Lorenzo_Costa)" title="Reign of Comus (Lorenzo Costa)">Reign of Comus</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Ghirlandaio</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/An_Old_Man_and_his_Grandson" title="An Old Man and his Grandson">An Old Man and his Grandson</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Visitation_(Ghirlandaio)" title="Visitation (Ghirlandaio)">Visitation</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Giordano</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds_(Giordano)" title="Adoration of the Shepherds (Giordano)">Adoration of the Shepherds</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_of_the_Virgin_(Giordano)" title="Marriage of the Virgin (Giordano)">Marriage of the Virgin</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Giotto</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Francis_Receiving_the_Stigmata_(Giotto)" title="Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata (Giotto)">Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Guardi</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Doge_on_the_Bucintoro_near_the_Riva_di_Sant%27Elena" title="The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant'Elena">The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant'Elena</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Leonardo</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Bacchus_(Leonardo)" title="Bacchus (Leonardo)">Bacchus</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/La_belle_ferronni%C3%A8re" class="mw-redirect" title="La belle ferronnière">La belle ferronnière</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_John_the_Baptist_(Leonardo)" title="Saint John the Baptist (Leonardo)">Saint John the Baptist</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Virgin_and_Child_with_Saint_Anne_(Leonardo)" title="The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (Leonardo)">The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_the_Rocks" title="Virgin of the Rocks">Virgin of the Rocks</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Lippi</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Barbadori_Altarpiece" title="Barbadori Altarpiece">Barbadori Altarpiece</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Novitiate_Altarpiece" title="Novitiate Altarpiece">The Healing of Justinian the Canon</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Novitiate_Altarpiece" title="Novitiate Altarpiece">Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Lotto</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Christ_Carrying_the_Cross_(Lotto)" title="Christ Carrying the Cross (Lotto)">Christ Carrying the Cross</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Holy_Family_with_the_Family_of_St_John_the_Baptist" title="Holy Family with the Family of St John the Baptist">Holy Family with the Family of St John the Baptist</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Jerome_in_Penitence_(Lotto,_Paris)" title="Saint Jerome in Penitence (Lotto, Paris)">Saint Jerome in Penitence</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Mantegna</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_(Mantegna)" title="Crucifixion (Mantegna)">Crucifixion</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_Solomon_(Mantegna)" title="Judgement of Solomon (Mantegna)">Judgement of Solomon</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Madonna_della_Vittoria" title="Madonna della Vittoria">Madonna della Vittoria</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Parnassus_(Mantegna)" title="Parnassus (Mantegna)">Parnassus</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Sebastian_(Mantegna,_Paris)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Sebastian (Mantegna, Paris)">Saint Sebastian</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Triumph_of_the_Virtues_(Mantegna)" title="Triumph of the Virtues (Mantegna)">Triumph of the Virtues</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Martini</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Orsini_Polyptych" title="Orsini Polyptych">The Carrying of the Cross</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Moretto</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Assumption_Altarpiece" title="Assumption Altarpiece">Saints Bonaventure and Anthony of Padua</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Assumption_Altarpiece" title="Assumption Altarpiece">Saints Bernardino of Siena and Louis of Toulouse</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Palmezzano</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Christ_(Palmezzano)" title="Dead Christ (Palmezzano)">Dead Christ</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Panini</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome_(painting)" title="Ancient Rome (painting)">Ancient Rome</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Parmigianino</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Mystic_Marriage_of_Saint_Catherine_(Parmigianino,_Louvre)" title="Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine (Parmigianino, Louvre)">Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Perugino</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_and_Daphnis_(Perugino)" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollo and Daphnis (Perugino)">Apollo and Daphnis</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_Between_Love_and_Chastity" title="The Battle Between Love and Chastity">The Battle Between Love and Chastity</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Madonna_and_Child_with_St_John_the_Baptist_and_St_Catherine_of_Alexandria_(Perugino)" title="Madonna and Child with St John the Baptist and St Catherine of Alexandria (Perugino)">Madonna and Child with St John the Baptist and St Catherine of Alexandria</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Madonna_and_Child_with_St_Rose_and_St_Catherine" title="Madonna and Child with St Rose and St Catherine">Madonna and Child with St Rose and St Catherine</a></i> (with Ingegno); <i><a href="/wiki/St_Sebastian_(Perugino,_Louvre)" title="St Sebastian (Perugino, Louvre)">St Sebastian</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Agostino_Altarpiece" title="Sant'Agostino Altarpiece">Young Saint with a Sword</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Piero della Francesca</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Sigismondo_Pandolfo_Malatesta" title="Portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta">Portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Pisanello</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_a_Princess_(Pisanello)" title="Portrait of a Princess (Pisanello)">Portrait of a Princess</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Pittoni</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Continence_of_Scipio_(Pittoni)" title="The Continence of Scipio (Pittoni)">The Continence of Scipio</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Christ_Giving_the_Keys_to_Saint_Peter_(Pittoni)" title="Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter (Pittoni)">Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Raphael</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Baronci_Altarpiece" title="Baronci Altarpiece">Angel Holding a Phylactery</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/La_belle_jardini%C3%A8re" title="La belle jardinière">La belle jardinière</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Holy_Family_of_Francis_I" title="Holy Family of Francis I">Holy Family of Francis I</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Madonna_with_the_Blue_Diadem" title="Madonna with the Blue Diadem">Madonna with the Blue Diadem</a></i> (with Penni); <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Baldassare_Castiglione" title="Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione">Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_George_(Raphael,_Louvre)" title="Saint George (Raphael, Louvre)">Saint George</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael_(Raphael)" title="Saint Michael (Raphael)">Saint Michael</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael_Vanquishing_Satan" title="Saint Michael Vanquishing Satan">Saint Michael Vanquishing Satan</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_with_a_Friend" title="Self-Portrait with a Friend">Self-Portrait with a Friend</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Small_Holy_Family" title="Small Holy Family">Small Holy Family</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Reni</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Abduction_of_Helen_(Reni)" title="The Abduction of Helen (Reni)">The Abduction of Helen</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Annunciation_(Reni)" title="Annunciation (Reni)">Annunciation</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Romano</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Do%C3%B1a_Isabel_de_Requesens_y_Enr%C3%ADquez_de_Cardona-Anglesola" title="Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola">Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola</a></i> (with Raphael)</li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Salviati</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredulity_of_Saint_Thomas_(Salviati)" title="The Incredulity of Saint Thomas (Salviati)">The Incredulity of Saint Thomas</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Savoldo</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_a_Clad_Warrior_(Savoldo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portrait of a Clad Warrior (Savoldo)">Portrait of a Clad Warrior</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Signorelli</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Magi_(Signorelli)" title="Adoration of the Magi (Signorelli)">Adoration of the Magi</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Birth_of_John_the_Baptist_(Signorelli)" title="Birth of John the Baptist (Signorelli)">Birth of John the Baptist</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Tintoretto</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Self_Portrait_(Tintoretto)" title="Self Portrait (Tintoretto)">Self Portrait</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Titian</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Marriage" title="Allegory of Marriage">Allegory of Marriage</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Crowning_with_Thorns_(Titian,_Paris)" title="The Crowning with Thorns (Titian, Paris)">The Crowning with Thorns</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Entombment_of_Christ_(Titian)" title="The Entombment of Christ (Titian)">The Entombment of Christ</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Madonna_of_the_Rabbit" title="Madonna of the Rabbit">Madonna of the Rabbit</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Man_with_a_Glove" title="Man with a Glove">Man with a Glove</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Pardo_Venus" title="Pardo Venus">Pardo Venus</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Pastoral_Concert" title="Pastoral Concert">Pastoral Concert</a></i> (also attributed to Giorgione); <i><a href="/wiki/Pilgrims_at_Emmaus" title="Pilgrims at Emmaus">Pilgrims at Emmaus</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Jerome_in_Penitence_(Titian,_1531)" title="Saint Jerome in Penitence (Titian, 1531)">Saint Jerome in Penitence</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Virgin_and_Child_with_Saints_Stephen,_Jerome_and_Maurice_(Titian,_Paris)" title="Virgin and Child with Saints Stephen, Jerome and Maurice (Titian, Paris)">Virgin and Child with Saints Stephen, Jerome and Maurice</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Woman_with_a_Mirror" title="Woman with a Mirror">Woman with a Mirror</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Tura</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Roverella_Altarpiece" title="Roverella Altarpiece">Pietà with Saints</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Uccello</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_San_Romano" title="The Battle of San Romano">The Battle of San Romano</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Veronese</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wedding_at_Cana_(Veronese)" title="The Wedding at Cana (Veronese)">The Wedding at Cana</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Northern_Schools" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Northern Schools">Northern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Bosch</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Ship_of_Fools_(painting)" title="Ship of Fools (painting)">Ship of Fools</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Bruegel</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Beggars" title="The Beggars">The Beggars</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Christus</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Lamentation_(Piet%C3%A0)" title="Lamentation (Pietà)">Lamentation (Pietà)</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>David</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Cervara_Altarpiece" title="Cervara Altarpiece">Cervara Altarpiece</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Triptych_of_the_Sedano_family" title="Triptych of the Sedano family">Triptych of the Sedano family</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Dürer</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_the_Artist_Holding_a_Thistle" title="Portrait of the Artist Holding a Thistle">Portrait of the Artist Holding a Thistle</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>van Dyck</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_at_the_Hunt" title="Charles I at the Hunt">Charles I at the Hunt</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_with_the_Virgin_Mary,_St_John_and_St_Mary_Magdalene" class="mw-redirect" title="Crucifixion with the Virgin Mary, St John and St Mary Magdalene">Crucifixion with the Virgin Mary, St John and St Mary Magdalene</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Madonna_and_Child_with_Two_Donors_(van_Dyck)" title="Madonna and Child with Two Donors (van Dyck)">Madonna and Child with Two Donors</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>van Eyck</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Madonna_of_Chancellor_Rolin" title="Madonna of Chancellor Rolin">Madonna of Chancellor Rolin</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Friedrich</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tree_of_Crows" title="The Tree of Crows">The Tree of Crows</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Seaside_by_Moonlight" title="Seaside by Moonlight">Seaside by Moonlight</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Hals</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Catharina_Both-van_der_Eem" title="Catharina Both-van der Eem">Catharina Both-van der Eem</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Gypsy_Girl_(Hals)" title="The Gypsy Girl (Hals)">The Gypsy Girl</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lute_Player_(Hals)" title="The Lute Player (Hals)">The Lute Player</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Holbein</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Erasmus_of_Rotterdam" title="Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam">Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Nicolaus_Kratzer" title="Portrait of Nicolaus Kratzer">Portrait of Nicolaus Kratzer</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>de Hooch</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Card_Players_in_a_Rich_Interior" title="Card Players in a Rich Interior">Card Players in a Rich Interior</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Jordaens</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Evangelists_(Jordaens)" title="The Four Evangelists (Jordaens)">The Four Evangelists</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Matsys</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Money_Changer_and_His_Wife" title="The Money Changer and His Wife">The Money Changer and His Wife</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Memling</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Diptych_of_an_elderly_couple" title="Diptych of an elderly couple">Diptych of an elderly couple</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Metsu</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Vegetable_Market_in_Amsterdam" title="The Vegetable Market in Amsterdam">The Vegetable Market in Amsterdam</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>van Ostade</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fish_Market" title="The Fish Market">The Fish Market</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Rembrandt</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Archangel_Raphael_Leaving_Tobias%27_Family" title="The Archangel Raphael Leaving Tobias' Family">The Archangel Raphael Leaving Tobias' Family</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Bathsheba_at_Her_Bath_(Rembrandt)" title="Bathsheba at Her Bath (Rembrandt)">Bathsheba at Her Bath</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_a_Castle" title="Landscape with a Castle">Landscape with a Castle</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Pendant_portraits_of_Marten_Soolmans_and_Oopjen_Coppit" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendant portraits of Marten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit">Pendant portraits of Marten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Philosopher_in_Meditation" title="Philosopher in Meditation">Philosopher in Meditation</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Matthew_and_the_Angel_(Rembrandt)" title="Saint Matthew and the Angel (Rembrandt)">Saint Matthew and the Angel</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(Rembrandt,_Louvre)" title="Self-Portrait (Rembrandt, Louvre)">Self-Portrait</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Slaughtered_Ox" title="Slaughtered Ox">Slaughtered Ox</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Rubens</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Helena_Fourment_with_a_Carriage" title="Helena Fourment with a Carriage">Helena Fourment with a Carriage</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Helena_Fourment_with_Children" title="Helena Fourment with Children">Helena Fourment with Children</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Hercules_and_Omphale_(Rubens)" title="Hercules and Omphale (Rubens)">Hercules and Omphale</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Ixion,_King_of_the_Lapiths,_Deceived_by_Juno,_Who_He_Wished_to_Seduce" title="Ixion, King of the Lapiths, Deceived by Juno, Who He Wished to Seduce">Ixion, King of the Lapiths, Deceived by Juno, Who He Wished to Seduce</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Marie_de%27_Medici_cycle" title="Marie de' Medici cycle">Marie de' Medici cycle</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Village_F%C3%AAte_(Rubens)" title="The Village Fête (Rubens)">The Village Fête</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Virgin_and_Child_Surrounded_by_the_Holy_Innocents" title="The Virgin and Child Surrounded by the Holy Innocents">The Virgin and Child Surrounded by the Holy Innocents</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Ruisdael</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Dune_Landscape_near_Haarlem" title="Dune Landscape near Haarlem">Dune Landscape near Haarlem</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ray_of_Light" title="The Ray of Light">The Ray of Light</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Storm_Off_a_Sea_Coast" title="Storm Off a Sea Coast">Storm Off a Sea Coast</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Scheffer</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Francesca_da_Rimini_and_Paolo_Malatesta_Appraised_by_Dante_and_Virgil" title="Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil">Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Vermeer</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Astronomer_(Vermeer)" title="The Astronomer (Vermeer)">The Astronomer</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lacemaker_(Vermeer)" title="The Lacemaker (Vermeer)">The Lacemaker</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>van der Weyden</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Annunciation_Triptych_(Rogier_van_der_Weyden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Annunciation Triptych (Rogier van der Weyden)">Annunciation Triptych</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Braque_Triptych" title="Braque Triptych">Braque Triptych</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Wtewael</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Perseus_Freeing_Andromeda_(Wtewael)" title="Perseus Freeing Andromeda (Wtewael)">Perseus Freeing Andromeda</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Spanish_paintings" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Spanish paintings">Spanish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="smallcaps"><b>El Greco</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Christ_on_the_Cross_Adored_by_Two_Donors" title="Christ on the Cross Adored by Two Donors">Christ on the Cross Adored by Two Donors</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Antonio_de_Covarrubias" title="Portrait of Antonio de Covarrubias">Portrait of Antonio de Covarrubias</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_(El_Greco)" title="Saint Louis (El Greco)">Saint Louis</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Goya</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Ferdinand_Guillemardet" title="Portrait of Ferdinand Guillemardet">Portrait of Ferdinand Guillemardet</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_the_Marquise_de_la_Solana" title="Portrait of the Marquise de la Solana">Portrait of the Marquise de la Solana</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Still_Life_of_a_Lamb%27s_Head_and_Flanks" title="Still Life of a Lamb's Head and Flanks">Still Life of a Lamb's Head and Flanks</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Murillo</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Birth_of_the_Virgin_(Murillo)" title="The Birth of the Virgin (Murillo)">The Birth of the Virgin</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Beggar" title="The Young Beggar">The Young Beggar</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Ribera</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Clubfoot" title="The Clubfoot">The Clubfoot</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Zurbarán</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Displaying_the_Body_of_Saint_Bonaventure" title="Displaying the Body of Saint Bonaventure">Displaying the Body of Saint Bonaventure</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Apollonia_(Zurbar%C3%A1n)" title="Saint Apollonia (Zurbarán)">Saint Apollonia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_English_paintings" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - English paintings">English</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Bonington</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Francis_I,_Charles_V_and_the_Duchess_of_%C3%89tampes" title="Francis I, Charles V and the Duchess of Étampes">Francis I, Charles V and the Duchess of Étampes</a></i></li> <li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Lewis</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Street_Scene_near_the_El_Ghouri_Mosque_in_Cairo" title="Street Scene near the El Ghouri Mosque in Cairo">Street Scene near the El Ghouri Mosque in Cairo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">American</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="smallcaps"><b>Leutze</b></span>: <i><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus_Before_the_Council_of_Salamanca" title="Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca">Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a 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