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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rrethshtesa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 gjuhë</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A9" title="زائدة محيطة – arabisht" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="زائدة محيطة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troger" title="Troger – bretonisht" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Troger" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumfix" title="Circumfix – katalonisht" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Circumfix" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Циркумфикс – çuvashisht" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Циркумфикс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="çuvashisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zirkumfix" title="Zirkumfix – gjermanisht" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zirkumfix" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="gjermanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumfix" title="Circumfix – anglisht" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Circumfix" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkumfikso" title="Cirkumfikso – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cirkumfikso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circunfijo" title="Circunfijo – spanjisht" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Circunfijo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanjisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsirkumfiks" title="Tsirkumfiks – estonisht" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tsirkumfiks" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="پیراوند – persisht" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیراوند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%AA" title="היקפית – hebraisht" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="היקפית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabungan" title="Gabungan – indonezisht" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gabungan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circonfisso" title="Circonfisso – italisht" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Circonfisso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E5%91%A8%E8%BE%9E" title="接周辞 – japonisht" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="接周辞" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ცირკუმფიქსი – gjeorgjisht" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცირკუმფიქსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gjeorgjisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkumfiksas" title="Cirkumfiksas – lituanisht" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cirkumfiksas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsirinteny_sara-droa" title="Tsirinteny sara-droa – madagaskarisht" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tsirinteny sara-droa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="madagaskarisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apitan" title="Apitan – malajisht" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Apitan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumfix" title="Circumfix – holandisht" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Circumfix" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oko%C5%82orostek" title="Okołorostek – polonisht" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Okołorostek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circunfixo" title="Circunfixo – portugalisht" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Circunfixo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Циркумфикс – rusisht" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Циркумфикс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkumfix" title="Cirkumfix – suedisht" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cirkumfix" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpik_ek" title="Serpik ek – turqisht" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Serpik ek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turqisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E7%B6%B4" title="環綴 – kinezisht" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="環綴" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinezisht" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q124939#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Përpunoni lidhje ndërgjuhësore" class="wbc-editpage">Përpunoni lidhje</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Emërhapësira"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rrethshtesa" title="Shikoni përmbajtjen e atikullit. 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title="Messhtesa (nuk është shkruar akoma)">Messhtesa</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Shih edhe:</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.4em 2.0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morfema_zero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morfema zero (nuk është shkruar akoma)">Morfema zero</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2520769">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="/w/index.php?title=Stampa_diskutim:Ndajshtesat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stampa diskutim:Ndajshtesat (nuk është shkruar akoma)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stampa:Ndajshtesat&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Skeda:Fjal%C3%ABformimi_ndajshtesor.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Fjal%C3%ABformimi_ndajshtesor.png/250px-Fjal%C3%ABformimi_ndajshtesor.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Fjal%C3%ABformimi_ndajshtesor.png/375px-Fjal%C3%ABformimi_ndajshtesor.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Fjal%C3%ABformimi_ndajshtesor.png/500px-Fjal%C3%ABformimi_ndajshtesor.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Shembuj të fjalëformimit ndajshtesor në shqip</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Rrethshtesa</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (gjithashtu <b>konshtesa</b> ose <b>ambishtesa</b>) është një <a href="/wiki/Ndajshtesa" title="Ndajshtesa">shtojcë</a> që ka dy pjesë, njëra e vendosur në fillim të një fjale dhe tjetra në fund. Rrethshtesat dallojnë prej <a href="/wiki/Parashtesa" title="Parashtesa">parashtesave</a>, të bashkëngjitura në fillim të fjalëve; prej <a href="/wiki/Prapashtesa" title="Prapashtesa">prapashtesave</a>, të bashkëngjitura në fund; dhe <a href="/w/index.php?title=Messhtesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Messhtesa (nuk është shkruar akoma)">messhtesave</a>, të futura në mes. Rrethshtesat janë të zakonshme në malajisht<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dhe <a href="/wiki/Gjuha_gjeorgjeze" title="Gjuha gjeorgjeze">gjeorgjisht</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shembuj">Shembuj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakto pjesën: Shembuj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Shembuj"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gjuhët_gjermanike"><span id="Gjuh.C3.ABt_gjermanike"></span>Gjuhët gjermanike</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakto pjesën: Gjuhët gjermanike" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Gjuhët gjermanike"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rrethshtesa është ndoshta më e njohur nga paskajorja <a href="/wiki/Gjuha_gjermane" title="Gjuha gjermane">gjermane</a>, e cila është <i>ge--t</i> (parashtesa ge- + prapashtesa -t) për foljet e rregullta. Folja <i>spiel-en</i>, për shembull, ka pjesoren <i>ge-spiel-t</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gjuha_holandeze" title="Gjuha holandeze">Holandishtja</a> ka një sistem të ngjashëm (<i>spel-en</i> → <i>ge-speel-d</i> në këtë rast). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gjuhët_e_tjera"><span id="Gjuh.C3.ABt_e_tjera"></span>Gjuhët e tjera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redakto pjesën: Gjuhët e tjera" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Gjuhët e tjera"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Në shumicën e varieteteve të arabishtes afrikano-veriore dhe levantine, foljet mohohen duke vendosur rrethshtesën <i>ma</i>⟩<i>š</i> rreth foljes së bashku me të gjitha parashtesat e saj dhe përemrat me prapashtesa me objekt të drejtpërdrejtë dhe të tërthortë. Për shembull, <i>bitgibuhum-laha</i> egjiptiane "ti ia sjell asaj" mohohet si <i>ma⟩bitgibuhum-lahāš</i> "nuk ia sjell asaj". </p><p>Në disa <a href="/wiki/Gjuh%C3%ABt_sllave" title="Gjuhët sllave">gjuhë sllave</a> dhe në <a href="/wiki/Gjuha_hungareze" title="Gjuha hungareze">gjuhën hungareze</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krahasimi_(gramatik%C3%AB)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krahasimi (gramatikë) (nuk është shkruar akoma)">sipërorja</a> e mbiemrave formohet me një rrethshtesë. Për shembull, në <a href="/wiki/Gjuha_%C3%A7eke" title="Gjuha çeke">gjuhën çeke</a>, përdoret rrethshtesa <i>nej</i> ⟩ <i>ší</i> – <i>mladý</i> "i ri" bëhet <i>nejmladší</i> "më i riu". Rrethshtesa përkatëse në hungarisht është <i>leg</i>⟩<i>bb</i>, si në <i>legnagyobb</i> "më i madhi", nga <i>nagy</i> "i madh". (Në të dyja rastet, forma krahasuese prodhohet duke përdorur prapashtesën pa parashtesën: <i>mladší</i> "më i ri"; <i>nagyobb</i> "më i madh".) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shiko_edhe">Shiko edhe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redakto pjesën: Shiko edhe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Shiko edhe"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parafjala" title="Parafjala">Parafjala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epenteza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epenteza (nuk është shkruar akoma)">Epenteza</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referime">Referime</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redakto pjesën: Referime" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Redakto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Referime"><span>Redakto nëpërmjet kodit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2706204">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFComrieHaspelmathBickel2008" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Comrie, Bernard; Haspelmath, Martin; Bickel, Balthasar (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190804103429/https://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/resources/glossing-rules.php">"Leipzig glossing rules: Conventions for interlinear morpheme-by-morpheme glosses"</a> (në anglisht). Arkivuar nga <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/resources/glossing-rules.php">origjinali</a> më 2019-08-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Marrë më <span class="nowrap">2016-04-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leipzig+glossing+rules%3A+Conventions+for+interlinear+morpheme-by-morpheme+glosses&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Comrie&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.au=Haspelmath%2C+Martin&rft.au=Bickel%2C+Balthasar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eva.mpg.de%2Flingua%2Fresources%2Fglossing-rules.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsq.wikipedia.org%3ARrethshtesa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2706204"><cite id="CITEREFTadmor2005" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tadmor, Uri (2005), "Malay-Indonesian and Malayic languages", përmbledhur nga Strazny, Philipp (red.), <i>Encyclopedia of Linguistics</i> (në anglisht), New York: Fitzroy Dearborn, fq. 644–647</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Malay-Indonesian+and+Malayic+languages&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Linguistics&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=644-647&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Tadmor&rft.aufirst=Uri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsq.wikipedia.org%3ARrethshtesa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2706204"><cite id="CITEREFColarusso2005" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Colarusso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Colarusso (nuk është shkruar akoma)">Colarusso, John</a> (2005), "Georgian and Caucasian languages", përmbledhur nga Strazny, Philipp (red.), <i>Encyclopedia of Linguistics</i> (në anglisht), New York: Fitzroy Dearborn, fq. 380–383</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Georgian+and+Caucasian+languages&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Linguistics&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=380-383&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Colarusso&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsq.wikipedia.org%3ARrethshtesa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2706204"><cite id="CITEREFZingler2022" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zingler, Tim (15 mars 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euppublishing.com/doi/full/10.3366/word.2022.0199?role=tab">"Circumfixation: A semasiological approach"</a>. <i>Word Structure</i> (në anglisht). <b>15</b>: 55–113. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:doi_(identifier)" class="extiw" title="w:en:doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3366%2Fword.2022.0199">10.3366/word.2022.0199</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Marrë më 29 nëntor 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Word+Structure&rft.atitle=Circumfixation%3A+A+semasiological+approach&rft.volume=15&rft.pages=55-113&rft.date=2022-03-15&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3366%2Fword.2022.0199&rft.aulast=Zingler&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euppublishing.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.3366%2Fword.2022.0199%3Frole%3Dtab&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsq.wikipedia.org%3ARrethshtesa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Marrë nga "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&oldid=2549860">https://sq.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rrethshtesa&oldid=2549860</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:Kategorit%C3%AB" title="Speciale:Kategoritë">Kategoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Ndajshtesa" title="Kategoria:Ndajshtesa">Ndajshtesa</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori e fshehur: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Vetit%C3%AB_CS1:_Burime_n%C3%AB_anglisht_(en)" title="Kategoria:Vetitë CS1: Burime në anglisht (en)">Vetitë CS1: Burime në anglisht (en)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Kjo faqe është redaktuar për herë te fundit më 1 maj 2023, në orën 16:07.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Të gjitha materialet që gjenden në këtë faqë janë të mbrojtura nga <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License</a>;. 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