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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B6%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="عضلة مثنية قصيرة لإبهام اليد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عضلة مثنية قصيرة لإبهام اليد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAscul_flexor_curt_del_polze" title="Múscul flexor curt del polze – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Múscul flexor curt del polze" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musculus_flexor_pollicis_brevis" title="Musculus flexor pollicis brevis – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Musculus flexor pollicis brevis" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%DA%86%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%AE%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="ماهیچه کوتاه خم‌کننده شست دست – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماهیچه کوتاه خم‌کننده شست دست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_court_fl%C3%A9chisseur_du_pouce" title="Muscle court fléchisseur du pouce – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Muscle court fléchisseur du pouce" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsculo_flexor_curto_do_dedo_polgar" title="Músculo flexor curto do dedo polgar – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Músculo flexor curto do dedo polgar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%A7%EC%9D%80%EC%97%84%EC%A7%80%EA%B5%BD%ED%9E%98%EA%B7%BC_(%EC%86%90)" title="짧은엄지굽힘근 (손) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="짧은엄지굽힘근 (손)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratki_pregiba%C4%8D_palca_(ruka)" title="Kratki pregibač palca (ruka) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kratki pregibač palca (ruka)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscolo_flessore_breve_del_pollice" title="Muscolo flessore breve del pollice – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Muscolo flessore breve del pollice" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A3_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%92%D7%95%D7%93%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%A8" title="השריר כופף האגודל הקצר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="השריר כופף האגודל הקצר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6vid_h%C3%BCvelykujjhajl%C3%ADt%C3%B3_izom" title="Rövid hüvelykujjhajlító izom – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rövid hüvelykujjhajlító izom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musculus_flexor_pollicis_brevis" title="Musculus flexor pollicis brevis – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Musculus flexor pollicis brevis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E6%AF%8D%E6%8C%87%E5%B1%88%E7%AD%8B" title="短母指屈筋 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="短母指屈筋" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C4%99sie%C5%84_zginacz_kr%C3%B3tki_kciuka" title="Mięsień zginacz krótki kciuka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mięsień zginacz krótki kciuka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsculo_flexor_curto_do_polegar" title="Músculo flexor curto do polegar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Músculo flexor curto do polegar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%C8%99chiul_scurt_flexor_al_policelui" title="Mușchiul scurt flexor al policelui – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mușchiul scurt flexor al policelui" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Короткий сгибатель большого пальца кисти – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Короткий сгибатель большого пальца кисти" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%A1tky_oh%C3%BDba%C4%8D_palca" title="Krátky ohýbač palca – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Krátky ohýbač palca" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article uses <a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terminology" title="Anatomical terminology">anatomical terminology</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:antiquewhite">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:1121_Intrinsic_Muscles_of_the_Hand_Superficial_sin.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/1121_Intrinsic_Muscles_of_the_Hand_Superficial_sin.png/250px-1121_Intrinsic_Muscles_of_the_Hand_Superficial_sin.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/1121_Intrinsic_Muscles_of_the_Hand_Superficial_sin.png/375px-1121_Intrinsic_Muscles_of_the_Hand_Superficial_sin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/1121_Intrinsic_Muscles_of_the_Hand_Superficial_sin.png/500px-1121_Intrinsic_Muscles_of_the_Hand_Superficial_sin.png 2x" data-file-width="1224" data-file-height="1023" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Superficial muscles of the left hand, palmar view.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_muscle#Insertion_and_origin" title="Anatomical terms of muscle">Origin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trapezium_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Trapezium bone">Trapezium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flexor_retinaculum_of_the_hand" title="Flexor retinaculum of the hand">flexor retinaculum</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_muscle#Insertion_and_origin" title="Anatomical terms of muscle">Insertion</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thumb" title="Thumb">Thumb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Proximal_phalanges" class="mw-redirect" title="Proximal phalanges">proximal phalanx</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Artery" title="Artery">Artery</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Superficial_palmar_arch" title="Superficial palmar arch">Superficial palmar arch</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nerve" title="Nerve">Nerve</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Recurrent_branch_of_the_median_nerve" title="Recurrent branch of the median nerve">Recurrent branch of the median nerve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deep_branch_of_ulnar_nerve" title="Deep branch of ulnar nerve">deep branch of ulnar nerve</a> (medial head)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_motion" title="Anatomical terms of motion">Actions</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Flexes the thumb at the first <a href="/wiki/Metacarpophalangeal_joint" title="Metacarpophalangeal joint">metacarpophalangeal joint</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Antagonist_(muscle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Antagonist (muscle)">Antagonist</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Extensor_pollicis_longus_muscle" title="Extensor pollicis longus muscle">Extensor pollicis longus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Extensor_pollicis_brevis_muscle" title="Extensor pollicis brevis muscle">brevis</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>musculus flexor pollicis brevis</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/04.6.02.055%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A04.6.02.055</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=2522">2522</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma37378">37378</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_muscle" title="Anatomical terms of muscle">Anatomical terms of muscle</a><div style="text-align: right;"><small class="noprint">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q257609" class="extiw" title="d:Q257609">edit on Wikidata</a>]</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>flexor pollicis brevis</b> is a muscle in the hand that flexes the thumb. It is one of three <a href="/wiki/Thenar_muscles" class="mw-redirect" title="Thenar muscles">thenar muscles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has both a superficial part and a deep part. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin_and_insertion">Origin and insertion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flexor_pollicis_brevis_muscle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin and insertion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The muscle's superficial head arises from the distal edge of the <a href="/wiki/Flexor_retinaculum_of_the_hand" title="Flexor retinaculum of the hand">flexor retinaculum</a> and the tubercle of the <a href="/wiki/Trapezium_(bone)" title="Trapezium (bone)">trapezium</a>, the most lateral bone in the distal row of <a href="/wiki/Carpal_bones" title="Carpal bones">carpal bones</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It passes along the radial side of the tendon of the <a href="/wiki/Flexor_pollicis_longus_muscle" title="Flexor pollicis longus muscle">flexor pollicis longus</a>. </p><p>The deeper (and medial) head "varies in size and may be absent."<sup id="cite_ref-Gray37th630p_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray37th630p-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It arises from the <a href="/wiki/Trapezoid_bone" title="Trapezoid bone">trapezoid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Capitate" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitate">capitate</a> bones on the floor of the <a href="/wiki/Carpal_tunnel" title="Carpal tunnel">carpal tunnel</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Palmar_carpal_ligament" title="Palmar carpal ligament">ligaments</a> of the distal <a href="/wiki/Carpal_bones" title="Carpal bones">carpal</a> row.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray37th630p_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray37th630p-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both heads become <a href="/wiki/Tendon" title="Tendon">tendinous</a> and insert together into the radial side of the base of the proximal <a href="/wiki/Phalanx_bones" class="mw-redirect" title="Phalanx bones">phalanx</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Thumb" title="Thumb">thumb</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the junction between the tendinous heads there is a <a href="/wiki/Sesamoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Sesamoid">sesamoid</a> bone.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray's_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray's-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Innervation">Innervation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flexor_pollicis_brevis_muscle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Innervation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The superficial head is usually innervated by the lateral terminal branch of the <a href="/wiki/Median_nerve" title="Median nerve">median nerve</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deep part is often innervated by the deep branch of the <a href="/wiki/Ulnar_nerve" title="Ulnar nerve">ulnar nerve</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cervical_spinal_nerve_8" title="Cervical spinal nerve 8">C8</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spinal_nerve" title="Spinal nerve">T1</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gray37th630p_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray37th630p-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Blood_supply">Blood supply</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flexor_pollicis_brevis_muscle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Blood supply"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The flexor pollicis brevis receives its blood supply from the <a href="/wiki/Superficial_palmar_branch_of_radial_artery" title="Superficial palmar branch of radial artery">superficial palmar branches of radial artery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PTCentral_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PTCentral-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Action">Action</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flexor_pollicis_brevis_muscle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Action"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The flexor pollicis brevis flexes the thumb at the <a href="/wiki/Metacarpophalangeal_joint" title="Metacarpophalangeal joint">metacarpophalangeal joint</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_motion" title="Anatomical terms of motion">flexion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_motion" title="Anatomical terms of motion">medial rotation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Metacarpal_bones" title="Metacarpal bones">1st metacarpal bone</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Carpometacarpal_joint" title="Carpometacarpal joint">carpometacarpal joint</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray37th630p_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray37th630p-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pathology">Pathology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flexor_pollicis_brevis_muscle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pathology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Flexor pollicis brevis can, rarely, be completely absent at birth due to a <a href="/wiki/Birth_defect" title="Birth defect">congenital issue</a> (as can the other muscles of the <a href="/wiki/Thenar_eminence" title="Thenar eminence">thenar eminence</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_images">Additional images</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flexor_pollicis_brevis_muscle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Additional images"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface. (Flexor pollicis brevis visible at center right, near thumb.)"><img alt="The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface. (Flexor pollicis brevis visible at center right, near thumb.)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png/87px-Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png/130px-Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png/174px-Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="599" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface. (Flexor pollicis brevis visible at center right, near thumb.)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braus_1921_215.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Caput profundum of the Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Caput profundum of the Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Braus_1921_215.png/120px-Braus_1921_215.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Braus_1921_215.png/180px-Braus_1921_215.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Braus_1921_215.png/240px-Braus_1921_215.png 2x" data-file-width="1605" data-file-height="1188" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Caput profundum of the Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hand_dissection_9.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hand_dissection_9.jpg/120px-Hand_dissection_9.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hand_dissection_9.jpg/180px-Hand_dissection_9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hand_dissection_9.jpg/240px-Hand_dissection_9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray219.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Bones of the left hand. Volar surface."><img alt="Bones of the left hand. Volar surface." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray219.png/94px-Gray219.png" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray219.png/141px-Gray219.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray219.png/188px-Gray219.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="831" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray415.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Front of the left forearm. Deep muscles."><img alt="Front of the left forearm. Deep muscles." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gray415.png/40px-Gray415.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gray415.png/60px-Gray415.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gray415.png/81px-Gray415.png 2x" data-file-width="337" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Front of the left forearm. Deep muscles.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray422.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Transverse section across the wrist and digits."><img alt="Transverse section across the wrist and digits." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray422.png/120px-Gray422.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray422.png/180px-Gray422.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray422.png/240px-Gray422.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="386" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Transverse section across the wrist and digits.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray815.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Superficial palmar nerves."><img alt="Superficial palmar nerves." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray815.png/95px-Gray815.png" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray815.png/142px-Gray815.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray815.png/190px-Gray815.png 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Superficial palmar nerves.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray817.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Deep palmar nerves."><img alt="Deep palmar nerves." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gray817.png/92px-Gray817.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gray817.png/138px-Gray817.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gray817.png/183px-Gray817.png 2x" data-file-width="459" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Deep palmar nerves.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide1yyy.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Slide1yyy.JPG/120px-Slide1yyy.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Slide1yyy.JPG/180px-Slide1yyy.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Slide1yyy.JPG/240px-Slide1yyy.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide2VVV.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Slide2VVV.JPG/120px-Slide2VVV.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Slide2VVV.JPG/180px-Slide2VVV.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Slide2VVV.JPG/240px-Slide2VVV.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide2AAAA.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Slide2AAAA.JPG/120px-Slide2AAAA.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Slide2AAAA.JPG/180px-Slide2AAAA.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Slide2AAAA.JPG/240px-Slide2AAAA.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide7BBBB.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Slide7BBBB.JPG/120px-Slide7BBBB.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Slide7BBBB.JPG/180px-Slide7BBBB.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Slide7BBBB.JPG/240px-Slide7BBBB.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide16BBBB.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Slide16BBBB.JPG/120px-Slide16BBBB.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Slide16BBBB.JPG/180px-Slide16BBBB.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Slide16BBBB.JPG/240px-Slide16BBBB.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide8IIII.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Slide8IIII.JPG/120px-Slide8IIII.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Slide8IIII.JPG/180px-Slide8IIII.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Slide8IIII.JPG/240px-Slide8IIII.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide3OOOO.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Slide3OOOO.JPG/120px-Slide3OOOO.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Slide3OOOO.JPG/180px-Slide3OOOO.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Slide3OOOO.JPG/240px-Slide3OOOO.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide13OOOo.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Slide13OOOo.JPG/120px-Slide13OOOo.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Slide13OOOo.JPG/180px-Slide13OOOo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Slide13OOOo.JPG/240px-Slide13OOOo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide250000.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Slide250000.JPG/120px-Slide250000.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Slide250000.JPG/180px-Slide250000.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Slide250000.JPG/240px-Slide250000.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide17PPPP.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle"><img alt="Flexor pollicis brevis muscle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Slide17PPPP.JPG/120px-Slide17PPPP.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Slide17PPPP.JPG/180px-Slide17PPPP.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Slide17PPPP.JPG/240px-Slide17PPPP.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flexor pollicis brevis muscle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide1MAI.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Muscles of hand. Cross section."><img alt="Muscles of hand. Cross section." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Slide1MAI.JPG/120px-Slide1MAI.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Slide1MAI.JPG/180px-Slide1MAI.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Slide1MAI.JPG/240px-Slide1MAI.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Muscles of hand. Cross section.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flexor_pollicis_brevis_muscle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> <i>This article incorporates text in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/anatomyofhumanbo1918gray#page/461/mode/2up">page 461</a> of the 20th edition of</i> <a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Anatomy" title="Gray's Anatomy">Gray's Anatomy</a> <i>(1918)</i> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFernández-de-las-PeñasIglesiasGröbliWeissmann2012" class="citation cs2">Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César; Iglesias, Javier González; Gröbli, Christian; Weissmann, Ricky (2012-01-01), Dommerholt, Jan; Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780702046018000086">"8 - Deep dry needling of the arm and hand muscles"</a>, <i>Trigger Point Dry Needling</i>, Oxford: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 107–118, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-7020-4601-8.00008-6">10.1016/b978-0-7020-4601-8.00008-6</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-4601-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-4601-8"><bdi>978-0-7020-4601-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-25</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trigger+Point+Dry+Needling&rft.atitle=8+-+Deep+dry+needling+of+the+arm+and+hand+muscles&rft.pages=107-118&rft.date=2012-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-7020-4601-8.00008-6&rft.isbn=978-0-7020-4601-8&rft.aulast=Fern%C3%A1ndez-de-las-Pe%C3%B1as&rft.aufirst=C%C3%A9sar&rft.au=Iglesias%2C+Javier+Gonz%C3%A1lez&rft.au=Gr%C3%B6bli%2C+Christian&rft.au=Weissmann%2C+Ricky&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FB9780702046018000086&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlexor+pollicis+brevis+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrickland2006" class="citation cs2">Strickland, James W. (2006-01-01), Henderson, Anne; Pehoski, Charlane (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323031868500058">"Chapter 2 - Anatomy and Kinesiology of the Hand"</a>, <i>Hand Function in the Child (Second Edition)</i>, Saint Louis: Mosby, pp. 21–44, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-032303186-8.50005-8">10.1016/b978-032303186-8.50005-8</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-323-03186-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-323-03186-8"><bdi>978-0-323-03186-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-25</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hand+Function+in+the+Child+%28Second+Edition%29&rft.atitle=Chapter+2+-+Anatomy+and+Kinesiology+of+the+Hand&rft.pages=21-44&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-032303186-8.50005-8&rft.isbn=978-0-323-03186-8&rft.aulast=Strickland&rft.aufirst=James+W.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FB9780323031868500058&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlexor+pollicis+brevis+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gray37th630p-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gray37th630p_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray37th630p_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray37th630p_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray37th630p_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gray's 37th British Edition, p. 630"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gray's-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gray's_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Anatomy" title="Gray's Anatomy">Gray's Anatomy</a></i> 1918, see infobox</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PTCentral-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PTCentral_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120204112837/http://www.ptcentral.com/muscles/musclearms.html#flexor%20pollicis%20brevis">"Brachium to Hand Musculature"</a>. PTCentral. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ptcentral.com/muscles/musclearms.html#flexor%20pollicis%20brevis">the original</a> on 4 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brachium+to+Hand+Musculature&rft.pub=PTCentral&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ptcentral.com%2Fmuscles%2Fmusclearms.html%23flexor%2520pollicis%2520brevis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlexor+pollicis+brevis+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIyerStanley2017" class="citation journal cs1">Iyer, K. M.; Stanley, J. K. (2017-07-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1016/S0072-968X%2882%2980067-3">"Congenital Absence of Flexor Pollicis Brevis and Abductor Pollicis Brevis"</a>. <i>Hand</i>. <b>14</b> (3): 313–316. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0072-968X%2882%2980067-3">10.1016/S0072-968X(82)80067-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7152382">7152382</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41628800">41628800</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hand&rft.atitle=Congenital+Absence+of+Flexor+Pollicis+Brevis+and+Abductor+Pollicis+Brevis&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=313-316&rft.date=2017-07-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A41628800%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7152382&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0072-968X%2882%2980067-3&rft.aulast=Iyer&rft.aufirst=K.+M.&rft.au=Stanley%2C+J.+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1016%2FS0072-968X%252882%252980067-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlexor+pollicis+brevis+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Muscles_of_the_upper_limb" title="Template:Muscles of the upper limb"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Muscles_of_the_upper_limb" title="Template talk:Muscles of the upper limb"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Muscles_of_the_upper_limb" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Muscles of the upper limb"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Muscles_of_the_arm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Muscle" title="Muscle">Muscles</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Arm" title="Arm">arm</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shoulder" title="Shoulder">Shoulder</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deltoid_muscle" title="Deltoid muscle">deltoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotator_cuff" title="Rotator cuff">rotator cuff</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supraspinatus_muscle" title="Supraspinatus muscle">supraspinatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infraspinatus_muscle" title="Infraspinatus muscle">infraspinatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teres_minor_muscle" title="Teres minor muscle">teres minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subscapularis_muscle" title="Subscapularis muscle">subscapularis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teres_major_muscle" title="Teres major muscle">teres major</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">fascia</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deltoid_fascia" class="mw-redirect" title="Deltoid fascia">deltoid fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supraspinous_fascia" title="Supraspinous fascia">supraspinous fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infraspinous_fascia" title="Infraspinous fascia">infraspinous fascia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arm" title="Arm">Arm</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Fascial_compartments_of_arm" title="Fascial compartments of arm">compartments</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anterior_compartment_of_the_arm" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior compartment of the arm">anterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coracobrachialis_muscle" title="Coracobrachialis muscle">coracobrachialis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biceps" title="Biceps">biceps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brachialis_muscle" title="Brachialis muscle">brachialis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Posterior_compartment_of_the_arm" class="mw-redirect" title="Posterior compartment of the arm">posterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triceps_brachii_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Triceps brachii muscle">triceps brachii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anconeus_muscle" title="Anconeus muscle">anconeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articularis_cubiti_muscle" title="Articularis cubiti muscle">articularis cubiti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">fascia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axillary_sheath" title="Axillary sheath">axillary sheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axillary_fascia" title="Axillary fascia">axillary fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brachial_fascia" title="Brachial fascia">brachial fascia</a></li> <li><i>intermuscular septa</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_intermuscular_septum_of_arm" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral intermuscular septum of arm">lateral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medial_intermuscular_septum_of_arm" class="mw-redirect" title="Medial intermuscular septum of arm">medial</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>spaces</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quadrangular_space" title="Quadrangular space">quadrangular space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangular_space" title="Triangular space">triangular space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangular_interval" title="Triangular interval">triangular interval</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Forearm" title="Forearm">Forearm</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Fascial_compartments_of_forearm" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascial compartments of forearm">compartments</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anterior_compartment_of_the_forearm" title="Anterior compartment of the forearm">anterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>superficial:</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pronator_teres_muscle" title="Pronator teres muscle">pronator teres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmaris_longus_muscle" title="Palmaris longus muscle">palmaris longus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_carpi_radialis_muscle" title="Flexor carpi radialis muscle">flexor carpi radialis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle" title="Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle">flexor carpi ulnaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_digitorum_superficialis_muscle" title="Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle">flexor digitorum superficialis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>deep:</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pronator_quadratus_muscle" title="Pronator quadratus muscle">pronator quadratus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_digitorum_profundus_muscle" title="Flexor digitorum profundus muscle">flexor digitorum profundus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_pollicis_longus_muscle" title="Flexor pollicis longus muscle">flexor pollicis longus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Posterior_compartment_of_the_forearm" title="Posterior compartment of the forearm">posterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i> superficial:</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_wad" title="Mobile wad">mobile wad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brachioradialis" title="Brachioradialis">brachioradialis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_carpi_radialis_longus_muscle" title="Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle">extensor carpi radialis longus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Extensor_carpi_radialis_brevis_muscle" title="Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle">brevis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_digitorum_muscle" title="Extensor digitorum muscle">extensor digitorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle" title="Extensor digiti minimi muscle">extensor digiti minimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle" title="Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle">extensor carpi ulnaris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>deep:</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supinator_muscle" title="Supinator muscle">supinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_snuffbox" title="Anatomical snuffbox">anatomical snuffbox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abductor_pollicis_longus_muscle" title="Abductor pollicis longus muscle">abductor pollicis longus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_pollicis_brevis_muscle" title="Extensor pollicis brevis muscle">extensor pollicis brevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_pollicis_longus_muscle" title="Extensor pollicis longus muscle">extensor pollicis longus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_indicis_muscle" title="Extensor indicis muscle">extensor indicis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">fascia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicipital_aponeurosis" title="Bicipital aponeurosis">bicipital aponeurosis</a></li> <li><i>common tendons</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_extensor_tendon" title="Common extensor tendon">extensor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_flexor_tendon" title="Common flexor tendon">flexor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antebrachial_fascia" title="Antebrachial fascia">antebrachial fascia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cubital_tunnel" title="Cubital tunnel">cubital tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osborne%27s_ligament" title="Osborne's ligament">osborne's ligament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hand" title="Hand">Hand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">lateral volar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thenar_eminence" title="Thenar eminence">thenar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opponens_pollicis_muscle" title="Opponens pollicis muscle">opponens pollicis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">flexor pollicis brevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle" title="Abductor pollicis brevis muscle">abductor pollicis brevis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adductor_pollicis_muscle" title="Adductor pollicis muscle">adductor pollicis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">medial volar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypothenar_eminence" title="Hypothenar eminence">hypothenar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opponens_digiti_minimi_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Opponens digiti minimi muscle">opponens digiti minimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_digiti_minimi_brevis_muscle_(hand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle (hand)">flexor digiti minimi brevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abductor_digiti_minimi_muscle_of_hand" class="mw-redirect" title="Abductor digiti minimi muscle of hand">abductor digiti minimi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmaris_brevis_muscle" title="Palmaris brevis muscle">palmaris brevis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">intermediate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lumbricals_of_the_hand" title="Lumbricals of the hand">lumbrical</a></li> <li><i>interossei</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_interossei_of_the_hand" title="Dorsal interossei of the hand">dorsal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmar_interossei_muscles" title="Palmar interossei muscles">palmar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">fascia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>posterior:</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_retinaculum_of_the_hand" title="Extensor retinaculum of the hand">extensor retinaculum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_expansion" title="Extensor expansion">extensor expansion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>anterior:</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_retinaculum_of_the_hand" title="Flexor retinaculum of the hand">flexor retinaculum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmar_aponeurosis" title="Palmar aponeurosis">palmar aponeurosis</a></li></ul> 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