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class="breadcrumb-current-title">Testing for Milk Allergens in Wine</span></div></div></header><div class="site-inner"><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="post-5495 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-chemical-elemental-analysis entry" aria-label="Testing for Milk Allergens in Wine"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">Testing for Milk Allergens in Wine</h1> <span class="post-info-author"> By <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/author/amandamaxwell/" title="Posts by Amanda Maxwell" rel="author">Amanda Maxwell</a> </span> <span class="post-info-date"> 08.20.2015 </span> </header><div class="entry-content"><p><img decoding="async" width="220" height="330" title="Splash of white wine, isolated on a white background" style="float: right" alt="Splash of white wine, isolated on a white background" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2015/08/splash_of_white_wine__isolated_on_a_white_background.jpg" />As part of the fining process, wine manufacturers use caseins and caseinates to precipitate phenolics and other flavor-busters from wine. Although these agents, derived from bovine milk, are food grade and approved, the subsequent filtration and decanting steps may still leave sufficient traces to cause reactions in sensitized individuals.</p> <p>Since June 2012, European Union regulations have required producers to disclose use of caseinates in the manufacturing process so as to protect consumers from potential allergic reactions. Monaci <em>et al</em>., working from previous studies that identified suitable bovine caseinate markers in wine<sup>1</sup>, sought to develop liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization- high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-HRMS) as a convenient method that producers and food safety workers could use to detect and quantify residual trace amounts of this food allergen<sup>2</sup>.</p> <p>Using water as a blank matrix, the researchers prepared standard solutions of commercially available caseinate. Once prepared, the team digested the standard solutions overnight using trypsin. They subjected the resulting peptide preparations to ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) using a Thermo Scientific Accela system equipped with an autosampler. Once separated, they completed the analysis using an Exactive non-hybrid single-stage Orbitrap mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific), validating the workflow for optimal data acquisition.</p> <p>Monaci <em>et al.</em> obtained good validation results for their optimized workflow, with good linearity and low limits of detection (LOD) for all four peptide markers identified in their previous study. Furthermore, they obtained good repeatability between runs for within-sample and between-day variability.</p> <p>Testing their workflow in simulated industry conditions, the researchers turned to assessing peptide marker quantition using Greco di Tufo, a wine produced without using casein as a fining agent, for comparison as matrix-matched samples with the aqueous standards. Although they noted some differences in data, the team found that the workflow successfully quantified and identified the four peptide markers. Commenting on the differences seen, Monaci <em>et al</em>. suggest that matrix effects from the wine could possibly alter the trypsin digestion process.</p> <p>Finally, testing recovery of caseinates in spiked samples of Greco di Tufo and two other commercial white wines, the team found that the methodology established was sensitive enough to detect caseinate markers in a wine matrix. Selecting concentrations of caseinate comparable to those used in the fining process, the team found good recoveries by LC-ESI-HRMS. Moreover, they obtained lower LODs in the two additional commercial wines, suggesting that the method is even more suitable for caseinate quantitation in highly refined varieties.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://www.thermoscientific.com/en/community/food-beverage.html" target="_blank">Visit the Food and Beverage community</a> for further discussion on food allergens.</strong></p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>1. Monaci, L. et al. (2011). “<a href="http://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/21919336/Reliable_detection_of_milk_allergens_in_food_using_a_high_resolution_stand_alone_mass_spectrometer_" target="_blank">Reliable detection of milk allergens in food using a high-resolution, single-stage mass spectrometer</a>“, Journal of the  Association of Official Analytical Chemists  94</p> <p>2. Monaci, L. et al. (2011). “<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21777111" target="_blank">Towards the quantification of residual milk allergens in caseinate-fined white wines using HPLC coupled with single-stage Orbitrap mass spectrometry</a>“, Food Additives and Contaminants 28(pp.1304–14)</p> <aside class="mashsb-container mashsb-main "><div class="mashsb_above_buttons">Share this article </div><div class="mashsb-box"><div class="mashsb-count mash-large" style="float:left"><div class="counts mashsbcount">13</div><span class="mashsb-sharetext">SHARES</span></div><div class="mashsb-buttons"><a class="mashicon-facebook mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Ffood%2Ftesting-for-milk-allergens-in-wine%2F" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Facebook</span></a><a class="mashicon-linkedin mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?trk=Testing+for+Milk+Allergens+in+Wine&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Ffood%2Ftesting-for-milk-allergens-in-wine%2F" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Linkedin</span></a><div class="onoffswitch2 mash-large mashsb-noshadow" style="display:none"></div></div> </div> <div style="clear:both"></div><div class="mashsb-toggle-container"></div></aside> <div class="jp-relatedposts"> <div class="related-post related-1"> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/"><img width="310" height="274" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2024/10/iStock-1336864023_steepingtea-310x274.jpg" class="attachment-grid size-grid wp-post-image" alt="Steeping herbal pyramid tea bag in a glass cup" decoding="async" /></a> <span class="grid-content"> <h4 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/">Quantifying Caffeine in Steeped Tea Using UV-Vis</a></h4> <p>In the realm of food science, precise quantification of key ... </p> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/quantifying-caffeine-in-steeped-tea-using-uv-vis/" class="read-more">Read More <i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-right"></i></a> </span> </div> <div class="related-post related-2"> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/dairy-production-in-india/"><img width="310" height="274" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2023/10/iStock-1297005108_milkpour-310x274.jpg" class="attachment-grid size-grid wp-post-image" alt="Close-up of raw milk being poured into container with dairy cows in background" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <span class="grid-content"> <h4 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/dairy-production-in-india/">Dairy Production in India</a></h4> <p>The cow is a revered animal in throughout much of India. 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