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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naissances_en_431"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Naissances en 431</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naissances_en_431-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Décès_en_431" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Décès_en_431"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Décès en 431</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Décès_en_431-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lien_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lien_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lien externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lien_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table des matières" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">431</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 118 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-118" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">118 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – abkhaze" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="431 እ.ኤ.አ. – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="431 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B4%DB%B3%DB%B1_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۴۳۱ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۴۳۱ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A9%E0%A7%A7" title="৪৩১ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="৪৩১" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A9%E0%A7%A7" title="মারি ৪৩১ – bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ৪৩১" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/431." title="431. – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="431." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_ni%C3%A8ng" title="431 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="431 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A4%D9%A3%D9%A1" title="٤٣١ – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="٤٣١" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_%C3%A7%D1%83%D0%BB" title="431 çул – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="431 çул" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B4%DB%B3%DB%B1_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۴۳۱ (میلادی) – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۴۳۱ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/431%E5%B9%B4" title="431年 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="431年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/431." title="431. – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="431." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_(almanak_jilyen)" title="431 (almanak jilyen) – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="431 (almanak jilyen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/431%E5%B9%B4" title="431年 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="431年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="431 жыл – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="431 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/431%EB%85%84" title="431년 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="431년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_m." title="431 m. – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="431 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – mokcha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%A7" title="इ.स. ४३१ – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. ४३१" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_%D0%B8" title="431 и – mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="431 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B4%DB%B3%DB%B1" title="۴۳۱ – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۴۳۱" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – napolitain" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – bas-saxon néerlandais" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="bas-saxon néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – sotho du Nord" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/431-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="431-æм аз – ossète" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="431-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossète" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%A7" title="४३१ – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="४३१" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="431 год – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="431 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A9%E0%A5%A7" title="४३१ – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="४३१" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/431%D8%B9" title="431ع – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="431ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/431." title="431. – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="431." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_431" title="Соли 431 – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 431" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._974" title="พ.ศ. 974 – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 974" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="431 ел – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="431 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/431%D8%A1" title="431ء – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="431ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/431%E5%B9%B4" title="431年 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="431年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/431" title="431 – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="431" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/431%E5%B9%B4" title="431年 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="431年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/431_n%C3%AE" title="431 nî – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="431 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/431%E5%B9%B4" title="431年 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="431年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q32146#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> 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class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Redirection" title="Aide:Redirection"><img alt="Page d’aide sur les redirections" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Arrows-move.svg/20px-Arrows-move.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Arrows-move.svg/40px-Arrows-move.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="88" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Cette page concerne l'année <b>431</b> du <a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien" title="Calendrier julien">calendrier julien</a>. Pour l'année 431 av. J.-C., voir <a href="/wiki/431_av._J.-C." title="431 av. J.-C.">431 av. J.-C.</a> Pour le nombre 431, voir <a href="/wiki/431_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="431 (nombre)">431 (nombre)</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:21em"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #C0D1E2;"> <div><small>Chronologies</small></div> </div><div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Third_Ecumenical_council_by_V.Surikov_(1876).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Third_Ecumenical_council_by_V.Surikov_%281876%29.jpg/220px-Third_Ecumenical_council_by_V.Surikov_%281876%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Third_Ecumenical_council_by_V.Surikov_%281876%29.jpg/330px-Third_Ecumenical_council_by_V.Surikov_%281876%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Third_Ecumenical_council_by_V.Surikov_%281876%29.jpg/440px-Third_Ecumenical_council_by_V.Surikov_%281876%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="963" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </div> <div class="legend"><i>Le <a href="/wiki/Concile_d%27%C3%89ph%C3%A8se" title="Concile d'Éphèse">troisième concile œcuménique</a></i>, croquis de <a href="/wiki/Vassili_Sourikov" title="Vassili Sourikov">Vassili Sourikov</a> pour la fresque de la <a href="/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_du_Christ-Sauveur_de_Moscou" title="Cathédrale du Christ-Sauveur de Moscou">cathédrale du Christ-Sauveur de Moscou</a>, 1876.</div><table><caption class="hidden" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Données clés</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/428" title="428">428</a> <a href="/wiki/429" title="429">429</a> <a href="/wiki/430" title="430">430</a> <b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">431</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/432" title="432">432</a> <a href="/wiki/433" title="433">433</a> <a href="/wiki/434" title="434">434</a><br /><small><b>Décennies :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_400" title="Années 400">400</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_410" title="Années 410">410</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_420" title="Années 420">420</a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_430" title="Années 430">430</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_440" title="Années 440">440</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_450" title="Années 450">450</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_460" title="Années 460">460</a><br /><small><b>Siècles :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/IIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IIIe siècle">III<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IVe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IVe siècle">IV<sup>e</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ve_si%C3%A8cle" title="Ve siècle">V<sup>e</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/VIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIe siècle">VI<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/VIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIe siècle">VII<sup>e</sup></a><br /><small><b>Millénaires :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="IIe millénaire av. J.-C.">-II<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="Ier millénaire av. J.-C.">-I<sup>er</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire" title="Ier millénaire">I<sup>er</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIe millénaire">II<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IIIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIIe millénaire">III<sup>e</sup></a></td> </tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Calendriers</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_romain" title="Calendrier romain">Romain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_chinois" title="Calendrier chinois">Chinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_gr%C3%A9gorien" title="Calendrier grégorien">Grégorien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien" title="Calendrier julien">Julien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9bra%C3%AFque" title="Calendrier hébraïque">Hébraïque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_hindou" title="Calendrier hindou">Hindou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9girien" title="Calendrier hégirien">Hégirien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_persan" title="Calendrier persan">Persan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_r%C3%A9publicain" title="Calendrier républicain">Républicain</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#CEE0F2;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=431&action=edit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Ann%C3%A9es" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <p>L'année <b>431</b> est une <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9e_commune" title="Année commune">année commune</a> qui <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9e_commune_commen%C3%A7ant_un_jeudi" title="Année commune commençant un jeudi">commence un jeudi</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Événements"><span id=".C3.89v.C3.A9nements"></span>Événements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Événements" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Événements"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/22_juin" title="22 juin">22 juin</a> : le <a href="/wiki/Concile_d%27%C3%89ph%C3%A8se" title="Concile d'Éphèse">troisième concile œcuménique</a> s'ouvre à <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ph%C3%A8se" title="Éphèse">Éphèse</a> (clôture le <a href="/wiki/17_juillet" title="17 juillet">17 juillet</a>). Il définit <a href="/wiki/Marie_(m%C3%A8re_de_J%C3%A9sus)" title="Marie (mère de Jésus)">Marie</a> comme étant vraiment la « <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9otokos" title="Théotokos">Mère de Dieu</a> » et condamne comme une <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9r%C3%A9sie" title="Hérésie">hérésie</a> le <a href="/wiki/Nestorianisme" title="Nestorianisme">nestorianisme</a>, qui la définit seulement comme « Mère du Christ »<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Nestorius" title="Nestorius">Nestorius</a> et son contradicteur <a href="/wiki/Cyrille_d%27Alexandrie" title="Cyrille d'Alexandrie">Cyrille d'Alexandrie</a> sont tous les deux déposés.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juillet" title="Juillet">Juillet</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ao%C3%BBt" title="Août">août</a> : <a href="/wiki/Hippone" title="Hippone">Hippone</a> tombe aux mains des <a href="/wiki/Vandales" title="Vandales">Vandales</a> après 14 mois de siège. <a href="/wiki/Boniface_(comte)" title="Boniface (comte)">Boniface</a>, appuyé par des secours venus de <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> et de <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> commandés par le patrice <a href="/wiki/Aspar" title="Aspar">Aspar</a>, essaie de sauver l’<a href="/wiki/Afrique_romaine" title="Afrique romaine">Afrique romaine</a>. Battu par <a href="/wiki/Gens%C3%A9ric" title="Genséric">Genséric</a> à Hippone, il rentre en <a href="/wiki/Italie_(%C3%A9poque_romaine)" title="Italie (époque romaine)">Italie</a> (<a href="/wiki/432" title="432">432</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/25_octobre" title="25 octobre">25 octobre</a> : <a href="/wiki/Nestorius" title="Nestorius">Nestorius</a> est remplacé par <a href="/wiki/Maximien_de_Constantinople" title="Maximien de Constantinople">Maximien</a> comme patriarche de Constantinople et regagne son couvent d'Euprepios près d'Antioche<sup id="cite_ref-Drinkwater_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drinkwater-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_octobre" title="30 octobre">30 octobre</a> : après son succès sur Nestorius au <a href="/wiki/Concile_d%27%C3%89ph%C3%A8se" title="Concile d'Éphèse">concile d'Éphèse</a>, le patriarche d’Alexandrie <a href="/wiki/Cyrille_d%27Alexandrie" title="Cyrille d'Alexandrie">Cyrille</a> est accueilli triomphalement en <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9riode_romaine_de_l%27%C3%89gypte" class="mw-redirect" title="Période romaine de l'Égypte">Égypte</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, et <a href="/wiki/Alexandrie" title="Alexandrie">Alexandrie</a> est considérée pendant un temps comme la capitale de la chrétienté d’Orient. Un grand nombre des partisans de <a href="/wiki/Nestorius" title="Nestorius">Nestorius</a> se réfugient en <a href="/wiki/Empire_perse" title="Empire perse">Perse</a>, et Nestorius meurt dans le <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9sert_Libyque" title="Désert Libyque">désert de Libye</a> en <a href="/wiki/440" title="440">440</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <ul><li>En <a href="/wiki/Chine" title="Chine">Chine</a>, le roi <a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Tao" title="Tuoba Tao">Tuoba Tao</a> (T'o-pa T'ao) annexe le <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> (Chen-si)<sup id="cite_ref-Grousset_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grousset-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aetius_(Flavius_Aetius)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aetius (Flavius Aetius)">Aetius</a> bat les <a href="/wiki/Juthunges" title="Juthunges">Juthunges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germains" title="Germains">Germains</a> qui se sont introduits dans l’Empire, et rétablit le pouvoir romain dans les deux <a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%A9tie" title="Rhétie">Rhéties</a> et en <a href="/wiki/Norique" title="Norique">Norique</a>. Les frontières du <a href="/wiki/Rhin" title="Rhin">Rhin</a> et du <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> supérieur sont confortées<sup id="cite_ref-Bóna_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bóna-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Selon la Chronique de <a href="/wiki/Prosper_Tiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosper Tiro">Prosper d'Aquitaine</a>, le pape <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lestin_Ier" title="Célestin Ier">Célestin <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a> envoie son <a href="/wiki/Diacre_(catholicisme)" class="mw-redirect" title="Diacre (catholicisme)">diacre</a> <a href="/wiki/Palladius_(%C3%A9v%C3%AAque)" title="Palladius (évêque)">Palladius</a> en <a href="/wiki/Irlande_(%C3%AEle)" title="Irlande (île)">Irlande</a>. Il en devient le premier évêque<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>L'évêque de Chaves <a href="/wiki/Hydace_de_Chaves" title="Hydace de Chaves">Hydace</a> est envoyé en ambassade en Gaule pour réclamer l'appui d'<a href="/wiki/Aetius_(Flavius_Aetius)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aetius (Flavius Aetius)">Aetius</a> contre les <a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A8ves" title="Suèves">Suèves</a> qui ravagent la <a href="/wiki/Gallaecia" title="Gallaecia">Galice</a>. Le comte <a href="/wiki/Censorius" title="Censorius">Censorius</a> est chargé de négocier avec les Suèves (462)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naissances_en_431"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cat%C3%A9gorie:Naissance_en_431&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catégorie:Naissance en 431 (page inexistante)">Naissances en 431</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Naissances en 431" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Naissances en 431"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Décès_en_431"><span id="D.C3.A9c.C3.A8s_en_431"></span><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:D%C3%A9c%C3%A8s_en_431" title="Catégorie:Décès en 431">Décès en 431</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Décès en 431" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Décès en 431"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/22_juin" title="22 juin">22 juin</a> : <a href="/wiki/Paulin_de_Nole" title="Paulin de Nole">Paulin de Nole</a>, poète chrétien (né à <a href="/wiki/Bordeaux" title="Bordeaux">Bordeaux</a> en <a href="/wiki/353" title="353">353</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="KarkiRadelet2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hakim_KarkiEdgar_Radelet2001">Hakim Karki et Edgar Radelet, <cite class="italique">Et Dieu créa l'Occident : la place de la religion dans la conceptualisation de la notion d'Occident</cite>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_L%27Harmattan" title="Éditions L'Harmattan">Éditions L'Harmattan</a>, <time>2001</time>, 234 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7475-0222-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7475-0222-1"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7475-0222-1</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=qhhtQ9FoVsoC&pg=PA221">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Et+Dieu+cr%C3%A9a+l%27Occident+%3A+la+place+de+la+religion+dans+la+conceptualisation+de+la+notion+d%27Occident&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+L%27Harmattan&rft.aulast=Karki&rft.aufirst=Hakim&rft.au=Edgar+Radelet&rft.date=2001&rft.tpages=234&rft.isbn=978-2-7475-0222-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A431"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Courtois1955"><span class="ouvrage" id="Christian_Courtois1955">Christian Courtois, <cite class="italique">Les Vandales et l'Afrique : thèse pour le doctorat ès lettres présentée à la Faculté des lettres de l'Université de Paris</cite>, Paris, Arts et métiers graphiques, <time>1955</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=IfxAAAAAYAAJ&dq=431&pg=PA164">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+Vandales+et+l%27Afrique+%3A+th%C3%A8se+pour+le+doctorat+%C3%A8s+lettres+pr%C3%A9sent%C3%A9e+%C3%A0+la+Facult%C3%A9+des+lettres+de+l%27Universit%C3%A9+de+Paris&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Arts+et+m%C3%A9tiers+graphiques&rft.aulast=Courtois&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.date=1955&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A431"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Drinkwater-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Drinkwater_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="DrinkwaterVenning2011"><span class="ouvrage" id="John_DrinkwaterTimothy_Venning2011"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> John Drinkwater et Timothy Venning, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Chronology of the Roman Empire</cite>, London/New York, <a href="/wiki/Continuum_International_Publishing_Group" title="Continuum International Publishing Group">Continuum International Publishing Group</a>, <time>2011</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-1-4411-5478-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-1-4411-5478-1"><span class="nowrap">978-1-4411-5478-1</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=TnoxvIOoVzsC&pg=PA730">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chronology+of+the+Roman+Empire&rft.place=London%2FNew+York&rft.pub=Continuum+International+Publishing+Group&rft.aulast=Drinkwater&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Timothy+Venning&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4411-5478-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A431"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ceillier1747"><span class="ouvrage" id="Remi_Ceillier1747">Remi Ceillier, <cite class="italique">Histoire générale des auteurs sacrés et ecclésiastiques</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 13, Paris, Veuve D. A. Pierres, <time>1747</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=ZD0TAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA250">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale+des+auteurs+sacr%C3%A9s+et+eccl%C3%A9siastiques&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Veuve+D.+A.+Pierres&rft.aulast=Ceillier&rft.aufirst=Remi&rft.date=1747&rft.volume=13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A431"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Chrétien_Ferdinand_Hoefer1863"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean_Chrétien_Ferdinand_Hoefer1863">Jean Chrétien Ferdinand Hoefer, <cite class="italique">Nouvelle biographie générale</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 37, Firmin Didot frères, fils et cie, <time>1863</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=BHI9AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA873">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nouvelle+biographie+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale&rft.pub=Firmin+Didot+fr%C3%A8res%2C+fils+et+cie&rft.au=Jean+Chr%C3%A9tien+Ferdinand+Hoefer&rft.date=1863&rft.volume=37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A431"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grousset-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Grousset_6-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Grousset1965"><span class="ouvrage" id="René_Grousset1965">René Grousset, <cite class="italique"><a href="/wiki/L%E2%80%99Empire_des_steppes" class="mw-redirect" title="L’Empire des steppes">L’Empire des steppes</a>, Attila, Gengis-Khan, Tamerlan</cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Payot_(%C3%A9ditions)" class="mw-redirect" title="Payot (éditions)">Payot</a>, <time>1965</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/grousset_rene/empire_des_steppes/grousset_steppes.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%E2%80%99Empire+des+steppes%2C+Attila%2C+Gengis-Khan%2C+Tamerlan&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Payot&rft.aulast=Grousset&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9&rft.date=1965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A431"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bóna-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bóna_7-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bóna2002"><span class="ouvrage" id="István_Bóna2002"><a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_B%C3%B3na" title="István Bóna">István Bóna</a>, <cite class="italique">Les huns : le grand empire barbare d'Europe (<abbr class="abbr" title="4ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> – <abbr class="abbr" title="5ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">V</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècles)</cite>, Errance, <time>2002</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=y7dmAAAAMAAJ&dq=431&pg=PA36">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+huns+%3A+le+grand+empire+barbare+d%27Europe+%28IVe%E2%80%89%E2%80%93%E2%80%89Ve%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cles%29&rft.pub=Errance&rft.aulast=B%C3%B3na&rft.aufirst=Istv%C3%A1n&rft.date=2002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A431"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Crété-Protin2002"><span class="ouvrage" id="Isabelle_Crété-Protin2002">Isabelle Crété-Protin, <cite class="italique">Église et vie chrétienne dans le diocèse de Troyes du <abbr class="abbr" title="4ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> au <abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> Presses universitaires de Lille, Presses Univ. Septentrion, <time>2002</time>, 446 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-85939-753-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-85939-753-1"><span class="nowrap">978-2-85939-753-1</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=vn2sSp7Fa34C&pg=PA158">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C3%89glise+et+vie+chr%C3%A9tienne+dans+le+dioc%C3%A8se+de+Troyes+du+IVe+au+IXe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle&rft.pub=Presses+Univ.+Septentrion&rft.aulast=Cr%C3%A9t%C3%A9-Protin&rft.aufirst=Isabelle&rft.date=2002&rft.volume=Presses+universitaires+de+Lille&rft.tpages=446&rft.isbn=978-2-85939-753-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A431"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Le_Roux2010"><span class="ouvrage" id="Patrick_Le_Roux2010">Patrick Le Roux, <cite class="italique">La péninsule ibérique aux époques romaines : (fin du IIIe s. av. n.è. – début du VIe s. de n.è.)</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Armand_Colin" title="Armand Colin">Armand Colin</a>, <time>2010</time>, 408 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-200-25828-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-200-25828-3"><span class="nowrap">978-2-200-25828-3</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=2bDEvoYQhVUC&pg=PAPT211">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+p%C3%A9ninsule+ib%C3%A9rique+aux+%C3%A9poques+romaines+%3A+%28fin+du+IIIe+s.+av.+n.%C3%A8.+%E2%80%93+d%C3%A9but+du+VIe+s.+de+n.%C3%A8.%29&rft.pub=Armand+Colin&rft.au=Patrick+Le+Roux&rft.date=2010&rft.tpages=408&rft.isbn=978-2-200-25828-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A431"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lien_externe">Lien externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Lien externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=431&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Lien externe"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/date/0431/">L’année 431</a> sur le site de la <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Haut_Moyen_%C3%82ge" title="Portail du haut Moyen Âge"><img alt="icône 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