CINXE.COM
Getty Union List of Artist Names (Research at the Getty)
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html lang="auto"> <head> <base href="https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/"> <title>Getty Union List of Artist Names (Research at the Getty)</title> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta name="description" content="Union List of Artist Names® (ULAN) is a structured vocabulary of artist names and biographical information."> <meta name="keywords" content="Union List of Artist Names, ULAN, Union List of Artists' Names, vocabulary program, Getty Vocabulary Program, Getty Vocabularies, Union List of Artist Names browser, ULAN browser, controlled vocabularies, vocabulary control, structured vocabularies, authorities, terminology, indexing terms, artist index, vocabulary terms, cataloguing, cataloging, Vocabulary Coordination Group, visual arts, architecture, material culture, cultural heritage, licensing, licenses, retrieval, access, vocabulary browsers, léxico, Lexikon, artists' names, biographical information, personal names, artists, architects, architectural firms, painters, sculptors, bildende Künstler, Künstlerin, artiste, artista, artisti, architetti, art, artist, reference, thesaurus, thesauri, research, name, metadata, authority, standard, database, taxonomy, vocabulary, library, classification, dictionary, biography, bibliography, indexing, name authority, authority control"><!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NRDC63K');</script><!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <style type="text/css"> form { margin:0; padding:0; } table.graytbl { background-color:#E5E5E5; } </style> <script language="JAVASCRIPT"> self.name = "ulanmain"; vow = "/vow/"; if (document.location.href.indexOf("/vow1/") >= 0) { vow = "/vow1/"; } host = document.location.host; http_host = "https://www.getty.edu"; if (host.indexOf("ruskin") == 0 || host.indexOf("review") == 0) { http_host = "http://review.getty.edu"; } if (host.indexOf("staging-www") == 0 || host.indexOf("review") == 0) { http_host = "https://staging-www.aws.getty.edu"; } mac = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mac'); ie = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('MSIE'); netscape6 = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Netscape6'); if (netscape6 == -1) netscape6 = navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Netscape/7"); if (mac == -1 || ie == -1) { if (document.domain.indexOf('9090') != -1) document.domain = 'getty.edu:9090'; else document.domain = 'getty.edu'; } temp = document.location.href; find = get_arg(temp,'?find'); role = get_arg(temp,'&role'); nation = get_arg(temp,'&nation'); english = get_arg(temp,'&english'); popup = get_arg(temp,'&popup'); if (english != "N") english = "Y"; // convert encoded space (+) to actual space while ( (i = find.indexOf('+')) != -1) { find = find.substring(0,i) + ' ' + find.substring(i+1); } while ( (i = role.indexOf('+')) != -1) { role = role.substring(0,i) + ' ' + role.substring(i+1); } while ( (i = nation.indexOf('+')) != -1) { nation = nation.substring(0,i) + ' ' + nation.substring(i+1); } function WinOpen() { win = window.open(http_host + vow + "ULANSearchPopup.jsp","ulan_popup", "innerwidth=450,width=450,innerheight=470,height=470," + "scrollbars=1,toolbar=0," + "location=0,directories=0,status=0,menubar=0,resizable=1"); win.focus(); } function role_lookup() { win = window.open(http_host + vow + "ULANRolePopup", "Role", "width=600,height=400,scrollbars=1,resizable=1"); win.focus(); } function nation_lookup() { win = window.open(http_host + vow + "ULANNationPopup", "Nation", "width=600,height=400,scrollbars=1,resizable=1"); win.focus(); } function search_button() { searchULAN(); // don't return false, does funny things } function searchULAN() { // check for a leading wildcard form = document.find_name.find; if (form.value == "" && document.role_field.role.value == "" && document.search.nation.value == "") return; a = form.value.substring(0,1); index1 = form.value.indexOf("(*"); index2 = form.value.indexOf(")*"); index3 = form.value.indexOf(" *"); index4 = form.value.indexOf('"*'); index5 = form.value.indexOf("'*"); if (a == '*' || a == '%' || index1 != -1 || index2 !=-1 || index3 != -1 || index4 != -1 || index5 != -1) { alert("Leading wildcards are not allowed in searches. Please refine your search."); form.focus(); form.select(); return false; } // check for quoted phrases within parens and multiple quotes phrases with keywords fn = form.value; number_of_quotes = 0; left_paren_count = 0; wildcard = false; for (i=0; i<fn.length; i++) { c = fn.substring(i,i+1); if (c == '"') { number_of_quotes++; if (number_of_quotes % 2 == 1 && left_paren_count > 0) { alert("Quoted matches are not allowed within parentheses. Please refine your search."); return false; } } else if (c == '(') left_paren_count++; else if (c == ')') left_paren_count--; else if (c == '*' || c == '%') wildcard = true; } // give users a chance to bail out on long searchs if ((wildcard && fn.length <= 3) || (number_of_quotes > 0 && (document.role_field.role.value != "" || document.search.nation.value != ""))) { if (!confirm("This search may take several minutes.\n" + "Click OK to continue the search.\n" + "Click Cancel to cancel the search.")) return false; } // grab the other form value and put them here document.search.find.value = document.find_name.find.value; document.search.role.value = document.role_field.role.value; document.search.submit(); return false; } function focus_search() { document.find_name.find.value = find; document.find_name.find.select(); document.find_name.find.focus(); document.role_field.role.value = role; document.search.nation.value = nation; document.search.english.value = english; // check if invalid nation or role if (popup == 'N') { if (confirm("You have entered an invalid Nation.\n" + "Click OK to correct the nation.\n" + "Click Cancel to cancel.")) { document.search.nation.value = ''; nation_lookup(); } } else if (popup == 'P') { if (confirm("You have entered an invalid Role.\n" + "Click OK to correct the role.\n" + "Click Cancel to cancel.")) { document.role_field.role.value = ''; role_lookup(); } } popup = ""; } function clear_form() { document.search.find.value = ''; document.search.role.value = ''; document.search.nation.value = ''; find = ''; role = ''; nation = ''; focus_search(); } function ulan_root() { document.location.href = http_host + vow + "ULANHierarchy" + "?find=" + escape(find) + "&role=" + escape(role) + "&nation=" + escape(nation) + "&subjectid=500000001"; } function help_popup() { win = window.open("/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/help.html","help_popup", "innerwidth=740,width=740,innerheight=500,height=500," + "scrollbars=1,toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0," + "status=0,menubar=1,resizable=1"); win.focus(); } function get_arg(url,arg) { index = url.indexOf(arg); if (index == -1) return ""; index += arg.length + 1; end_index = url.substr(index).indexOf("&"); if (end_index == -1) return utf8decode(unescape(url.substr(index))); else return utf8decode(unescape(url.substr(index,end_index))); } function utf8encode (string) { string = string.replace(/\r\n/g,"\n"); var utftext = ""; for (var n = 0; n < string.length; n++) { var c = string.charCodeAt(n); if (c < 128) { utftext += String.fromCharCode(c); } else if((c > 127) && (c < 2048)) { utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 6) | 192); utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128); } else { utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 12) | 224); utftext += String.fromCharCode(((c >> 6) & 63) | 128); utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128); } } return utftext; } function utf8decode (utftext) { var string = ""; var i = 0; var c = c1 = c2 = 0; while ( i < utftext.length ) { c = utftext.charCodeAt(i); if (c < 128) { string += String.fromCharCode(c); i++; } else if((c > 191) && (c < 224)) { c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1); string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 31) << 6) | (c2 & 63)); i += 2; } else { c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1); c3 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+2); string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 15) << 12) | ((c2 & 63) << 6) | (c3 & 63)); i += 3; } } return string; } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/jscript/global.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/jscript/global_video.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/art/collections/js/glossary.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/layout.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/header.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/footer.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/header_menu.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/imagemap.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/leftcolumn.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/rightcolumn.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/bodystyles.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/lytebox.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/jquery/jquery.treeview.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/global/css/page_elements/ddsmoothmenu.css"> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/jscript/lytebox.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/jscript/nav/topnav.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/libs/jquery/jquery-1.4.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/jscript/nav/ddsmoothmenu.js"> ////*********************************************** ////* Smooth Navigational Menu- (c) Dynamic Drive DHTML code library (www.dynamicdrive.com) ////* This notice MUST stay intact for legal use ////* Visit Dynamic Drive at http://www.dynamicdrive.com/ for full source code ////* http://www.dynamicdrive.com/dynamicindex1/ddsmoothmenu.htm ////***********************************************/ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/jscript/nav/jquery/jquery.cookie.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/jscript/nav/jquery/jquery.treeview.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/jscript/nav/jquery/jquery.get_menu.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/visit/calendar/bin/client_side_include.js"></script><!-- start fb tracking code --> <script>(function() { var _fbq = window._fbq || (window._fbq = []); if (!_fbq.loaded) { var fbds = document.createElement('script'); fbds.async = true; fbds.src = '//connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbds.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(fbds, s); _fbq.loaded = true; } _fbq.push(['addPixelId', '582993178489153']); })(); window._fbq = window._fbq || []; window._fbq.push(['track', 'PixelInitialized', {}]); </script> <noscript> <img height="1" width="1" alt="" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=582993178489153&amp;ev=PixelInitialized"> </noscript><!-- end fb tracking code --> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.1hbgkFx4Qn8.O/am=DgY/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfqlmAPxwfG457BPbRXwNq39oSMGHg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="en" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/&anno=2" data-client="tr"></script><!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NRDC63K" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript><!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <a name="top"></a> <!-- Begin Wrapper --> <div id="wrapper"><!-- Begin Header --> <div id="header"> </div><!-- End Header --> <!-- Begin ShareThis --> <div id="sharethis" class="nav"> <script type="text/javascript" src="/global/jscript/nav/gen_share_tools_bar.js"></script> </div><!-- End ShareThis --> <!-- Begin Content wrapper --> <div id="content"><!-- Begin Left Column --> <div id="leftcolumn"> <div class="lefthandcolheader"> <a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Search Tools & Databases</a> </div> <div id="lefthandnav"> <ul id="red" class="treeview-famfamfam"> <li class=" lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://primo.getty.edu" target="_self">Library Catalog</a></span></li> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/portal/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Getty Research Portal</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/portal/guidelines.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Become a Contributing Institution</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class=" lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/collections/collections?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Finding Aids for Research Collections</a></span></li> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/photo/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Photo Archive</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/photo/guide.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Guide to the Photo Archive</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://piprod.getty.edu/starweb/psc/servlet.starweb?path%3Dpsc/psc.web" target="_self">Search the Photo Archive</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/photo/christian_art.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">The Index of Christian Art</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/guides_bibliographies/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Research Guides & Bibliographies</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> </ul></li> <li class=" lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://primo.getty.edu/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?%2520%26scp.scps%3Dscope%253A%2528GETTY_ROSETTA%2529%26vid%3DGRI" target="_self">Digital Collections</a></span></li> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Article & Research Databases</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/databases.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">A-Z List</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/ancient_arts.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Ancient Arts & Cultures</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/art_architecture.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Art & Architecture</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/collecting.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Art Sales & Collecting</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/biographical.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Biographical Information</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/science.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Conservation, Science, & Technology</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/dictionaries.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Dictionaries</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/general.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">General Resources</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/history.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">History, Archaeology, & Cultural Studies</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/images.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Image Resources & Museum Collections</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/language.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Language & Literature</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/libraries.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Libraries</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/film.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Performing Arts</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/philosophy.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Philosophy & Religion</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/reference.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Ready Reference</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/article_databases/social_sciences.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Social Sciences & Education</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/provenance/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Collecting & Provenance Research</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/provenance/search.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Search the Databases</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://piprod.getty.edu/starweb/pi/servlet.starweb?path%3Dpi/pi.web" target="_self">Getty Provenance Index ® Database</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/digital_collections/goupil_cie/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Goupil & Cie Stock Books</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/provenance/payments_to_artists/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Payments to Artists Database</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/provenance/charts.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">See What's Covered</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/provenance/faq.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Using the Databases</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/provenance/collaborators/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Collaborators & Partners</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/provenance/collectors_files.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Collectors Files</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/provenance/german_sales.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">German Sales Catalogs, 1930–1945</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/provenance/sales_catalogs_files.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Sales Catalogs Files</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://piprod.getty.edu/starweb/events/servlet.starweb?path%3Devents/events.web%26id%3Devents" target="_self">Events Related to the History of Collecting</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class=" lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/bha/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">BHA & RILA</a></span></li> <li class="parenton open"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Getty Vocabularies</a></span> <ul class="greyoverlay"> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Art & Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) ®</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/about.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">About AAT</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/aat_faq.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">AAT: Frequently Asked Questions</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/help.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">How to use AAT</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/cona/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Cultural Objects Name Authority (CONA) ®</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/cona/about.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">About CONA</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/cona/faq.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">CONA: Frequently Asked Questions</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/tgn/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (TGN) ®</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/tgn/about.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">About TGN</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/tgn/faq.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">TGN: Frequently Asked Questions</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/tgn/help.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">How to use TGN</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class="open"> <div class="lhnonbold"> Union List of Artist Names (ULAN) ® </div> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/about.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">About ULAN</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/faq.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">ULAN: Frequently Asked Questions</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/help.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">How to use ULAN</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/contribute.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Contribute</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/contributors.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Contributors</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/guidelines/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Editorial Guidelines</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/lod/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_self">Getty Vocabularies as Linked Open Data</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/faq.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Frequently Asked Questions</a></span></li> <li class="close"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/obtain/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Obtain the Getty Vocabularies</a></span> <ul class="opennotonoverlay"> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/obtain/download.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Download Center</a></span></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/obtain/openrefine.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">OpenRefine Reconciliation</a></span></li> </ul></li> <li class="lhnbullet"><span><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/training.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Training Materials</a></span></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> <div id="lefthandnonnavbottom"> </div> </div><!-- End Left Column --> <!-- Begin center Column --> <div id="centercolumn"><br clear="all"><!-- start promo --> <!-- end promo --> <!-- start section title --> <div class="page_header"> Union List of Artist Names® Online </div><br clear="all"><!-- end section title --> <!-- Center Column Content general_v2.tpl --> <!-- Center Column Content --> <!-- Left Column Content --> <table class="graytbl" width="404" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" rules="none"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="graytbl" width="100%" cellpadding="15" border="0" rules="none"> <tbody> <tr> <td><input type="hidden" name="english" value="N"><input type="hidden" name="find"><input type="hidden" name="role"><input type="hidden" name="page" value="1"> <table class="graytbl" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" rules="none"> <form id="find_name" name="find_name" onsubmit="return searchULAN()"></form> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="3"><img src="../images/header_ulan_popup_search.gif" alt="Search the ULAN" width="126" height="15" border="0"></td> <td align="center"><a href="javascript:help_popup()?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"><img src="/global/images/global_help.gif" alt="Help" width="39" height="13" border="0"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="10"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:110%" nowrap><span class="page">Find Name or ID: <br></span></td> <script language="JavaScript"> if (mac != -1) document.writeln('<TD WIDTH=1%><INPUT CLASS=page TYPE="text" SIZE="18" NAME="find"></TD>'); else document.writeln('<TD WIDTH=1%><INPUT CLASS=page TYPE="text" SIZE="27" NAME="find"></TD>'); </script> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="22"></td> <td valign="middle" align="center"><a href="javascript:search_button()?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <img src="/global/images/global_search.gif" alt="Search" width="44" height="14" border="0"></a></td> </tr> <!-- name=find_name --> <form name="role_field" method="get" onsubmit="return searchULAN()"></form> <tr> <td nowrap><span class="page">Role: <br></span><a href="javascript:role_lookup()?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav">Lookup</a></td> <script language="JavaScript"> if (mac != -1) document.writeln('<TD WIDTH=1%><INPUT CLASS=page TYPE="text" SIZE="18" NAME="role"></TD>'); else document.writeln('<TD WIDTH=1%><INPUT CLASS=page TYPE="text" SIZE="27" NAME="role"></TD>'); </script> <td nowrap><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="10" height="1"></td> <td valign="middle" align="center"><a href="javascript:clear_form()?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"><img src="/global/images/global_clear.gif" alt="Clear" width="44" height="14" border="0"></a></td> </tr> <!-- name=role_field --> <script language="JavaScript"> // determine which app server to call to bypass redirects document.writeln('<FORM name=search action="' + http_host + vow + 'ULANServlet" method=get onSubmit="return searchULAN()">'); </script> <tr> <td nowrap><span class="page">Nationality: <br></span><a href="javascript:nation_lookup()?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="nav">Lookup</a></td> <script language="JavaScript"> if (mac != -1) document.writeln('<TD WIDTH=1%><INPUT CLASS=page TYPE="text" SIZE="18" NAME="nation"></TD>'); else document.writeln('<TD WIDTH=1%><INPUT CLASS=page TYPE="text" SIZE="27" NAME="nation"></TD>'); </script> <td nowrap><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="10" height="1"></td> <td valign="middle" align="center"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="5"></td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td colspan="3"> <table class="nav" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td><a href="javascript:WinOpen()?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Pop-up Search</a></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="javascript:ulan_root()?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Browse the ULAN hierarchies</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <!-- name = search --> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="nav"> <br><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/legal/copyright.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Copyright information</a><br> </div><!-- THE SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT TABLE STARTS HERE. UNCOMMENT THE TABLE BELOW TO DISPLAY A SPECIAL ANNOUCEMENT. <TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0"> <TR> <TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="7" BGCOLOR="#FF6633"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD VALIGN="top" BGCOLOR="#FF6633"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> <TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="5"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="10" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> <TD VALIGN="top" BGCOLOR="#FF6633"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD VALIGN="top" BGCOLOR="#FF6633"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> <TD VALIGN="top"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> <TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><IMG SRC="/global/images/global_alert.gif" WIDTH="39" HEIGHT="40" BORDER="0" ALT="" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></TD> <TD VALIGN="top"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> <TD VALIGN="top"><P><B> REPLACE THIS TEXT WITH YOUR SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT. </B></P></TD> <TD VALIGN="top"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> <TD VALIGN="top" BGCOLOR="#FF6633"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD VALIGN="top" BGCOLOR="#FF6633"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> <TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="5"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="10" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> <TD VALIGN="top" BGCOLOR="#FF6633"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="7" BGCOLOR="#FF6633"><IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ALT="" BORDER="0"></TD> </TR> </TABLE> <IMG SRC="/global/images/ghost.gif" WIDTH="1" HEIGHT="12" BORDER="0" ALT=""><BR>--> <p><b>Search Tips</b><br> For the Find Name field, you may use <strong>AND</strong> and <strong>OR</strong> [e.g., 1) eldon garnet, 2) garnet OR carnet, 3) garnet OR carnet OR karnette, 4) eldon AND carnet, 5) eldon AND (garnet OR carnet), 6) (eldon OR elton) AND (garnet OR carnet)]. Boolean operators must be in all caps (AND and OR). Wildcard is the asterisk (*); right truncation only. To find an exact match rather than a key word, use quotes [e.g., "carlos"]. There is an implied AND between the Find Name, Role, and Nationality fields.</p> <p><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/about.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"><b>About the ULAN</b></a><br> Learn about the purpose, scope and structure of the ULAN. The ULAN is an evolving vocabulary, growing and changing thanks to contributions from Getty projects and other institutions. Find out more about the ULAN's contributors.</p> <p><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/faq.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"><b>F.A.Q. about the ULAN</b></a><br> Here you will find a list of the most frequently asked questions about ULAN.</p> <p><a href="mailto:ULAN@getty.edu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"><b>ULAN@getty.edu</b></a><br> Click here to send a message to the ULAN editors.</p> <p><a href="https://www-getty-edu.translate.goog/research/tools/vocabularies/obtain/index.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"><b>Use of the ULAN</b></a><br> Copyright © 2017 The J. Paul Getty Trust. All rights reserved. The Getty vocabularies are made available via the Web browsers to support limited research and cataloging efforts. Companies and institutions interested in <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/obtain/download.html">more extensive use</a> of AAT, TGN, or ULAN are advised to explore the Linked Open Data releases. APIs are available. Relational tables and XML releases are also available, but may be discontinued in the future. All releases are available under the Open Data Commons Attribution License (ODC-By) 1.0. Releases of CONA and the IA are under development. <br><br><br> Updated 7 March 2017</p> </div><!-- Begin Right Column --> <div id="rightcolumn"><!-- BEGIN CALLOUT BOX --> <table width="200" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="3" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="200" height="5" border="0"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" bgcolor="#333333"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="200" height="2" border="0"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="200" height="5" border="0"></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0"></td> <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="198" height="1" border="0"></td> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0"></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0"></td> <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="198" height="1" border="0"></td> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0"></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0"></td> <td> <table width="198" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="12" height="1" border="0"></td> <td valign="top" width="174"><h3>Have a Question?</h3><!-- ww adding the brs --><br> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="14"><a href="mailto:vocab@getty.edu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"><img src="/global/images/bullet_envelope.gif" width="14" height="12" border="0" alt="Contact Vocabulary Program"></a></td> <td width="10"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="10" height="5" border="0"></td> <td valign="top"><span class="footer"><a href="mailto:vocab@getty.edu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Contact the Vocabulary Program</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="5" border="0"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="12" height="1" border="0"></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="5" height="1" border="0"></td> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="12" border="0"></td> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="5" height="1" border="0"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><img src="/global/images/ghost.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table><!-- END CALLOUT BOX --> <!-- END Image --> </div><!-- End Right Column --> <!-- Begin ContentWrapper --> </div><!-- End Content wrapper --> <!-- ww need to add "back to top here --> <!-- end content table --> <!-- Begin Footer --> <div id="footer"> </div><!-- End Footer --> </div><!-- End Wrapper --> <!-- end bottomnav --> <!-- focus on search box after page has loaded --> <script type="text/javascript"> focus_search(); </script><!-- Google Analytics code segment as an include, 2009-05-07 (MSe, WW), starts --> <script type="text/javascript"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-8087223-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) { } </script><!-- Google Analytics code segment as an include, 2009-05-07 (MSe, WW), ends --> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('en', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&hl=en-GB&client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>