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<div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Allergens_egenskaper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allergens_egenskaper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Allergens egenskaper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Allergens_egenskaper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Benämning_av_allergen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Benämning_av_allergen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Benämning av allergen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Benämning_av_allergen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Förekomst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Förekomst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Förekomst</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Förekomst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standardisering_av_allergen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardisering_av_allergen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Standardisering av allergen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standardisering_av_allergen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Allergen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 54 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مولد الحساسية – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مولد الحساسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Allergen" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95" title="অতিসংবেদনশীলকারক – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অতিসংবেদনশীলকারক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Алерген – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алерген" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%95%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%90%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="མི་འཕྲོད་སློང་རྐྱེན། – tibetanska" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མི་འཕྲོད་སློང་རྐྱེན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C2%B7lergogen" title="Al·lergogen – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Al·lergogen" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Allergen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Allergen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergeen" title="Allergeen – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Allergeen" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Αλλεργιογόνο – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλλεργιογόνο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Allergen" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%A9rgeno" title="Alérgeno – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alérgeno" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergeno" title="Alergeno – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alergeno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergeno" title="Alergeno – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alergeno" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%B1%DA%98%D9%86" title="آلرژن – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلرژن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allerg%C3%A8ne" title="Allergène – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Allergène" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%A9rxeno" title="Alérxeno – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alérxeno" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%88%EB%A5%B4%EA%B2%90" title="알레르겐 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알레르겐" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Ալերգեն – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալերգեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergene" title="Allergene – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Allergene" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergene" title="Allergene – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Allergene" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%9F" title="אלרגן – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלרגן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Аллерген – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аллерген" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%A8j%C3%A8n" title="Alèjèn – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Alèjèn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergenas" title="Alergenas – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Alergenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allerg%C3%A9n" title="Allergén – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Allergén" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergeen" title="Allergeen – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Allergeen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B2%E3%83%B3" title="アレルゲン – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アレルゲン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Allergen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Allergen" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%A9rgeno" title="Alérgeno – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alérgeno" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Аллерген – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аллерген" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%86%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9A" title="ආසාත්මිකතාකාරක – singalesiska" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ආසාත්මිකතාකාරක" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Allergen" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alerg%C3%A9n" title="Alergén – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Alergén" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%84%DB%8E%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ئەلێرجین – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەلێرجین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Алерген – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Алерген" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Alergen" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergeeni" title="Allergeeni – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Allergeeni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF" title="ஒவ்வாமையூக்கி – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒவ்வாமையூக்கி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%89" title="สารก่อภูมิแพ้ – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สารก่อภูมิแพ้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Аллерген – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Аллерген" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alerjen" title="Alerjen – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alerjen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Алергени – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Алергени" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%95%8F%E5%8E%9F" 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href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Allergen" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Allergen" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&oldid=44738256" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:House_Dust_Mite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/House_Dust_Mite.jpg/250px-House_Dust_Mite.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/House_Dust_Mite.jpg/375px-House_Dust_Mite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/House_Dust_Mite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>Ett <a href="/wiki/Kvalster" title="Kvalster">kvalster</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kitin" title="Kitin">Kitin</a> och <a href="/wiki/Avf%C3%B6ring" title="Avföring">avföring</a> från kvalster är vanliga allergen i hemmet.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ett <b>allergen</b> är ett ämne som ger en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergisk_reaktion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allergisk reaktion [inte skriven än]">allergisk reaktion</a>. De flesta allergen är <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteiner</a>. Det finns även små molekyler som kan binda till <a href="/wiki/Antikropp" title="Antikropp">antikroppar</a> men inte själva utlösa allergireaktion, men blir immunogent om det binder till ett protein såsom till exempel <a href="/wiki/Albumin" title="Albumin">albumin</a>. Sådana små molekyler kallas <a href="/wiki/Hapten" title="Hapten">hapten</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Allergens_egenskaper">Allergens egenskaper</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Allergens egenskaper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Allergens egenskaper"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Allergen är proteiner eller <a href="/wiki/Glykoprotein" title="Glykoprotein">glykoproteiner</a> och har oftast har en <a href="/wiki/Molekylvikt" class="mw-redirect" title="Molekylvikt">molekylvikt</a> på 5-70 <a href="/wiki/KDa" class="mw-redirect" title="KDa">kDa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Även mindre och större allergena molekyler förekommer dock. För att en mastcell skall ska degranulera, det vill säga släppa ut <a href="/wiki/Histamin" title="Histamin">histamin</a> och andra mediatorsubstanser, fordras att allergenet kan binda åtminstone två IgE-<a href="/wiki/Molekyl" title="Molekyl">molekyler</a>, d.v.s. det måste rymmas två <a href="/wiki/Epitop" title="Epitop">epitoper</a> på proteinet, som kan binda <a href="/wiki/Immunglobulin" class="mw-redirect" title="Immunglobulin">immunglobulin</a> E.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I dagligt tal används benämningen allergen i betydelse allergenkälla, till exempel <a href="/wiki/Pollen" title="Pollen">pollen</a> från olika växter, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6gel" title="Mögel">mögelsporer</a> eller hud, saliv och urin från djur. Ett begränsat antal ämnen (pollen, djurepitel, mögel och <a href="/wiki/Kvalster" title="Kvalster">kvalster</a>) ger upphov till majoriteten av alla IgE-förmedlade luftvägsreaktioner.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Varje allergent protein kan ha flera olika <a href="/wiki/Epitop" title="Epitop">epitoper</a>. En del epitoper finns hos flera olika, botaniskt eller zoologiskt allergen som inte är närbesläktade. Den som blir sensibiliserad mot ett ämne, till exempel björkpollen, blir därför ofta sensibiliserad också mot andra, icke besläktade allergen, till exempel äpple.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Man kallar detta <a href="/wiki/Korsallergi" title="Korsallergi">korsallergi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Benämning_av_allergen"><span id="Ben.C3.A4mning_av_allergen"></span>Benämning av allergen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Benämning av allergen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Benämning av allergen"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Man betecknar allergenen med de tre första bokstäverna i det latinska släktnamnet och den första bokstaven i artnamnet. Sålunda till exempel <i>Bet v</i> för <i>Betula verrucosa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk" class="mw-redirect" title="Björk">björk</a>) och <i>Der p</i> för <i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> (<a href="/wiki/Husdammskvalster" title="Husdammskvalster">husdammskvalster</a>). Dessutom finns i namnet en siffra. Allergenen numreras i den ordning som de först blivit identifierade till exempel <i>Bet v 1</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Förekomst"><span id="F.C3.B6rekomst"></span>Förekomst</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Förekomst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Förekomst"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Flera hundra olika allergen finns nu beskrivna. Förutom <a href="/wiki/Pollen" title="Pollen">pollen</a>-, djurepitel- och födoämnesallergen finns allergen till exempel i <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4kemedel" title="Läkemedel">läkemedel</a> och <a href="/wiki/Kemikalier" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemikalier">kemikalier</a>. Enkla kemikalier kan fungera som allergen om de binds till större molekyler, till exempel till kroppens egna <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteiner</a>. De fungerar då som <a href="/wiki/Hapten" title="Hapten">hapten</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Standardisering_av_allergen">Standardisering av allergen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Standardisering av allergen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Standardisering av allergen"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>För att man ska kunna utföra diagnostiska test och ge hyposensibilisering med allergen fordras att de är standardiserade; att man vet hur mycket allergen allergenextrakten innehåller. </p><p>Nordiska riktlinjer för allergenstandardisering kom 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numera anges en enhet på kommersiellt allergenextrakt. I Norden är enheten BE (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Biologiska_Enheter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biologiska Enheter [inte skriven än]">Biologiska Enheter</a>)/mL eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=HEP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HEP [inte skriven än]">HEP</a> (<i>Histamine Equivalent in skin Prick test</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allergen&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Marianne van Hage-Hamsten och Sten Dreborg: Allmänt om allergen. I Nils E Eriksson & Gunilla Hedlin (red). Allergi och annan överkänslighet i praktisk sjukvård. Andra upplagan. Studentlitteratur 1999</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Eriksson NE, Formgren H, Svenonius E: Food hyper-sensitivity in patients with pollen allergy. Allergy 1982, 37:437-443.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Aas K, Backman A, Belin L, Weeke B. Standardization of allergen extracts with appropriate methods The combined use of skin prick testing and radioallergosorbent test.Allergy 1978; 33:130-7</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allergen&oldid=44738256">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allergen&oldid=44738256</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Allergi" title="Kategori:Allergi">Allergi</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 3 februari 2019 kl. 21.08.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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