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class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Darpa Grand Challenge</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Darpa_Grand_Challenge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Règles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Règles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Règles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Règles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Édition_2004" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Édition_2004"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Édition 2004</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Édition_2004-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Édition_2005" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Édition_2005"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Édition 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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Changement de décor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changement_de_décor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_compétition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_compétition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>La compétition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_compétition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DARPA_Robotics_Challenge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DARPA_Robotics_Challenge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>DARPA Robotics Challenge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DARPA_Robotics_Challenge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table des matières" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">DARPA Grand Challenge</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 16 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A5_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%92%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%93%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A4%22%D7%90" title="מרוץ האתגר הגדול של דארפ"א – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרוץ האתגר הגדול של דארפ"א" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8" title="DARPAグランド・チャレンジ – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="DARPAグランド・チャレンジ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C_%EC%B1%8C%EB%A6%B0%EC%A7%80" title="DARPA 그랜드 챌린지 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="DARPA 그랜드 챌린지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge" title="DARPA Grand Challenge – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="DARPA Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darpa_Grand_Challenge" title="Darpa Grand Challenge – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Darpa Grand Challenge" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q507220#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p>Le <b>DARPA Grand Challenge</b> est une compétition organisée par la DARPA, la <i><a href="/wiki/Defense_Advanced_Research_Projects_Agency" title="Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency">Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency</a></i> (agence américaine responsable des projets en recherche avancée pour la Défense), mettant en jeu des <a href="/wiki/Voiture_autonome" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiture autonome">véhicules terrestres sans pilote et autonomes</a>. Les deux premières années (<a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> et <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>) les véhicules devaient parcourir un circuit dans le <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9sert_des_Mojaves" title="Désert des Mojaves">désert des Mojaves</a>, et la troisième année (<a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>) un circuit en milieu urbain <sup id="cite_ref-Le_Figaro_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Figaro-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La compétition fut renommée à cette occasion <b>DARPA Urban Challenge</b>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Darpa_Grand_Challenge">Darpa Grand Challenge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Darpa Grand Challenge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Darpa Grand Challenge"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Règles"><span id="R.C3.A8gles"></span>Règles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Règles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Règles"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pour remporter le prix, l'équipe doit concevoir un véhicule qui : </p> <ul><li>se déplace de manière autonome et parcourt le circuit en moins de 10 heures</li> <li>utilise le <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_de_positionnement" class="mw-redirect" title="Système de positionnement">système de positionnement</a> <a href="/wiki/Global_positioning_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Global positioning system">GPS</a> et d'autres signaux disponibles pour les civils</li> <li>fonctionne de manière entièrement autonome, sans recevoir aucune commande lors de son parcours</li> <li>ne doit en aucun cas toucher de manière intentionnelle un autre véhicule de la compétition</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Édition_2004"><span id=".C3.89dition_2004"></span>Édition 2004</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Édition 2004" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Édition 2004"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'édition 2004 mettait en jeu un prix de 1 million de dollars. Mais aucun véhicule n'a été en mesure de terminer le circuit long de 150 <a href="/wiki/Mille_(unit%C3%A9_de_longueur)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mille (unité de longueur)">milles</a> (241,4 kilomètres), suivant l'<a href="/wiki/Interstate_15" title="Interstate 15">Interstate 15</a> (I-15). </p><p><span class="need_ref" title="Une source est souhaitée pour ce passage." style="cursor:help;">Le favori avait pris feu au bout de 13 kilomètres, le <a href="/wiki/Buggy" title="Buggy">buggy</a> <i>Sci Autonic</i> s'était retrouvé coincé sur un talus et le camion de 16 tonnes <i>TerraMax</i> a été bloqué par un simple buisson.</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[<abbr class="abbr" title="référence">réf.</abbr> souhaitée]</a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Édition_2005"><span id=".C3.89dition_2005"></span>Édition 2005</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Édition 2005" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Édition 2005"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:DARPAGrandChallenge2005-StanleyAward.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/DARPAGrandChallenge2005-StanleyAward.jpg/250px-DARPAGrandChallenge2005-StanleyAward.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/DARPAGrandChallenge2005-StanleyAward.jpg/375px-DARPAGrandChallenge2005-StanleyAward.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/DARPAGrandChallenge2005-StanleyAward.jpg/500px-DARPAGrandChallenge2005-StanleyAward.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="652" /></a><figcaption>Remise du prix à l'équipe de <i>Stanley</i></figcaption></figure> <p>L'édition 2005 a vu le montant de son prix doubler. Et cette fois-ci, sur les 23 véhicules participant, 5 sont arrivés au bout, dont 4 dans les délais, fixés à moins de 10 heures. La course a commencé le <time class="nowrap" datetime="10-08" data-sort-value="10-08">8 octobre</time> à 6h40. Le gagnant a été le véhicule de l'équipe d'ingénieurs de l'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Stanford" title="Université Stanford">université Stanford</a> en <a href="/wiki/Californie" title="Californie">Californie</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Stanley_(v%C3%A9hicule)" title="Stanley (véhicule)">Stanley</a></i>, un <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Touareg" title="Volkswagen Touareg">Volkswagen Touareg</a> amélioré. Ce dernier a parcouru les 212,7 kilomètres en 6 heures 53 minutes et 8 secondes, à la vitesse moyenne de 30,7 km/h. Les suivants ont été : </p> <ul><li><i>Sandstorm</i> de l'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Carnegie_Mellon" class="mw-redirect" title="Université de Carnegie Mellon">Université de Carnegie Mellon</a>, en 7 h 04 min 50 s à la vitesse de 29,9 km/h</li> <li><i>H1ghlander</i> également de l'Université de Carnegie Mellon, en 7 h 14 min 00 s à la vitesse de 29,3 km/h</li> <li><i>Kat-5</i> de la société d'<a href="/wiki/Assurance" title="Assurance">assurance</a> <i>The Gray Insurance Company</i>, en 7 h 30 min 16 s à la vitesse de 28,2 km/h</li> <li><i>Terramax</i> de la société <i>Oshkosh Truck Company</i>, en 12 h 51 min.</li></ul> <p>Ce dernier n'a pas été sur le podium car il a dépassé la limite des 10 heures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Darpa_Urban_Challenge_:_édition_2007"><span id="Darpa_Urban_Challenge_:_.C3.A9dition_2007"></span>Darpa Urban Challenge : édition 2007</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Darpa Urban Challenge : édition 2007" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Darpa Urban Challenge : édition 2007"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changement_de_décor"><span id="Changement_de_d.C3.A9cor"></span>Changement de décor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Changement de décor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Changement de décor"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>À la fin de l'édition 2005, le directeur de la DARPA <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tony_Tether&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tony Tether (page inexistante)">Tony Tether</a>, a indiqué qu'il était peu probable qu'une édition 2006 soit organisée. Car le but du <i>Grand Challenge</i> était d'accélérer le développement de ces technologies, pour les voir utilisées dans des applications viables, notamment au sein de l'armée. Ce qui était chose faite. Cependant, la DARPA a annoncé le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2006-05-01" data-sort-value="2006-05-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> mai 2006</time> qu'une troisième édition aurait lieu<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Renommée <i>DARPA Urban Challenge</i>, la compétition se déroule le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-11-03" data-sort-value="2007-11-03">3 novembre 2007</time> et comme son nom l'indique, en milieu urbain. </p><p>Les véhicules devaient remplir des missions d'approvisionnement en parcourant 60 miles (un peu plus de 96 kilomètres) en moins de six heures, en s'intégrant en sécurité au trafic routier, respectant le code de la route sans signalisation routière particulière et évitant les obstacles qui pourraient surgir devant eux. Les équipes des trois premiers véhicules qui arriveraient dans les temps remporteraient respectivement 2 000 000, 1 000 000 et 500 000 dollars<sup id="cite_ref-futura_051107_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-futura_051107-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_compétition"><span id="La_comp.C3.A9tition"></span>La compétition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : La compétition" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : La compétition"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:ElementBlack2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/ElementBlack2.jpg/200px-ElementBlack2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/ElementBlack2.jpg/300px-ElementBlack2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/ElementBlack2.jpg/400px-ElementBlack2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Un des véhicules de l'édition 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>La compétition se déroule le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-11-03" data-sort-value="2007-11-03">3 novembre 2007</time> sur une ancienne base de l'<a href="/wiki/US_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="US Air Force">US Air Force</a> à <a href="/wiki/Victorville" title="Victorville">Victorville</a>, à une centaine de kilomètres au nord-est de <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> près du désert du <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9sert_des_Mojaves" title="Désert des Mojaves">Mojave</a> <sup id="cite_ref-Le_Figaro_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Figaro-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La semaine précédant le concours, des épreuves de sélection sont organisées pour les 35 véhicules engagés. Durant cette qualification les véhicules devaient notamment s'arrêter à des stops, effectuer des manœuvres de parking ou circuler au milieu d'un trafic de voitures conduites par des humains <sup id="cite_ref-Le_Figaro_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le_Figaro-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Finalement, onze équipes ont réussi ces qualifications pour concourir à l'épreuve finale<sup id="cite_ref-futura_051107_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-futura_051107-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Parmi eux, six ont réussi à franchir la ligne d'arrivée mais seulement quatre dans le temps imparti de 6 heures. Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-11-04" data-sort-value="2007-11-04">4 novembre 2007</time>, est annoncé le vainqueur, le <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9hicule_tout-terrain" title="Véhicule tout-terrain">4x4</a> <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a> <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Tahoe" title="Chevrolet Tahoe">Chevy Tahoe</a>, surnommé Boss, de l'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Carnegie-Mellon" title="Université Carnegie-Mellon">université Carnegie-Mellon</a><sup id="cite_ref-futura_051107_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-futura_051107-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="DARPA_Robotics_Challenge">DARPA Robotics Challenge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : DARPA Robotics Challenge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : DARPA Robotics Challenge"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'édition <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a> prend le nom de <i><a href="/wiki/DARPA_Robotics_Challenge" title="DARPA Robotics Challenge">DARPA Robotics Challenge</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. L'objectif est de mettre au point un <a href="/wiki/Robot_humano%C3%AFde" class="mw-redirect" title="Robot humanoïde">robot humanoïde</a> capable d'exécuter des tâches complexes dans un environnement dangereux<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Le prix à gagner est de 2 000 000 <abbr class="abbr" title="dollar">$</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_Grand_Challenge&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Le_Figaro-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Le_Figaro_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Figaro_1-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Le_Figaro_1-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">"Le Figaro", 5 novembre 2007 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/sciences/20071105.FIG000000140_une_course_de_cent_kilometres_onze_voitures_aucun_pilote.html">Une course de cent kilomètres, onze voitures, aucun pilote</a> <span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180806141006/http://www.lefigaro.fr/sciences/20071105.FIG000000140_une_course_de_cent_kilometres_onze_voitures_aucun_pilote.html">Copie archivée</a> »</span> <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-08-06" data-sort-value="2018-08-06">6 août 2018</time> sur <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.darpa.mil/grandchallenge/docs/urb_challenge_announce.pdf"><i>DARPA Announces Third Grand Challenge - Urban Challenge Moves to the City</i></a> <span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180806141006/http://www.darpa.mil/grandchallenge/docs/urb_challenge_announce.pdf">Copie archivée</a> »</span> <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-08-06" data-sort-value="2018-08-06">6 août 2018</time> sur <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF)">[PDF]</abbr></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-futura_051107-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-futura_051107_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-futura_051107_3-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-futura_051107_3-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : français">(fr)</abbr> <span class="ouvrage" id="En_vidéo_:_le_Darpa_Urban_Challenge,_course_folle_de_voitures_robots">Jean-Luc Goudet, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.futura-sciences.com/fr/sinformer/actualites/news/t/robotique/d/en-video-le-darpa-urban-challenge-course-folle-de-voitures-robots_13464/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">En vidéo : le Darpa Urban Challenge, course folle de voitures robots</cite></a> », Futura-Sciences, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-11-05" data-sort-value="2007-11-05">5 novembre 2007</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-12-17" data-sort-value="2007-12-17">17 décembre 2007</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.darpa.mil/Our_Work/TTO/Programs/DARPA_Robotics_Challenge.aspx"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">DARPA Robotics Challenge sur le site de la DARPA</cite></a> » <small class="plainlinks cachelinks">[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130120060850/http://www.darpa.mil/Our_Work/TTO/Programs/DARPA_Robotics_Challenge.aspx">archive du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-01-20" data-sort-value="2013-01-20">20 janvier 2013</time></a>]</small></span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-01-14" data-sort-value="2013-01-14">14 janvier 2013</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theroboticschallenge.org/AboutGoals.aspx"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Site du challenge</cite></a> » <small class="plainlinks cachelinks">[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212112258/http://www.theroboticschallenge.org/AboutGoals.aspx">archive du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-02-12" data-sort-value="2013-02-12">12 février 2013</time></a>]</small></span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-02-12" data-sort-value="2013-02-12">12 février 2013</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theroboticschallenge.org/aboutcompetition.aspx"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Site du challenge: informations</cite></a> » <small class="plainlinks cachelinks">[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130324035632/http://www.theroboticschallenge.org/aboutcompetition.aspx">archive du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-03-24" data-sort-value="2013-03-24">24 mars 2013</time></a>]</small></span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-02-12" data-sort-value="2013-02-12">12 février 2013</time>)</small></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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