CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html dir="ltr" lang="en-US" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/apple-touch-icon-blue-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/apple-touch-icon-blue-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/apple-touch-icon-blue-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/apple-touch-icon-blue-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="167x167" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/apple-touch-icon-blue-167x167.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/apple-touch-icon-blue-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" sizes="192x192" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/icon-blue-hd.png"> <link rel="icon" sizes="128x128" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/icon-blue.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/favicon-blue-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/favicon-blue-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/favicon-blue-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/images/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#709FB0"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#1A0F0A"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#1A0F0A"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <title>The Solar Strand - African American Design Nexus</title>  <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/projects/the-solar-strand/" /> <meta name="generator" content="All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.7.6" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="African American Design Nexus - Honoring the work of African American designers at the intersection of design, black identity, and practice." /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The Solar Strand - African American Design Nexus" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/projects/the-solar-strand/" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2019-05-23T16:08:51+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2019-07-01T18:54:19+00:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="The Solar Strand - African American Design Nexus" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="aioseo-schema"> {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/projects\/the-solar-strand\/#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/#listItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/projects\/the-solar-strand\/#listItem","name":"The Solar Strand"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/projects\/the-solar-strand\/#listItem","position":2,"name":"The Solar Strand","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/#listItem","name":"Home"}}]},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/#organization","name":"African American Design Nexus","description":"Honoring the work of African American designers at the intersection of design, black identity, and practice.","url":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/projects\/the-solar-strand\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/projects\/the-solar-strand\/","name":"The Solar Strand - African American Design Nexus","inLanguage":"en-US","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/projects\/the-solar-strand\/#breadcrumblist"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Earthday.3x5a9494_1.jpeg","@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/projects\/the-solar-strand\/#mainImage","width":750,"height":536},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/projects\/the-solar-strand\/#mainImage"},"datePublished":"2019-05-23T16:08:51+00:00","dateModified":"2019-07-01T18:54:19+00:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/","name":"African American Design Nexus","description":"Honoring the work of African American designers at the intersection of design, black identity, and practice.","inLanguage":"en-US","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/#organization"}}]} </script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.typekit.net' />  <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-H3TZ88HN18" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '9.2.2'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/projects\/the-solar-strand\/","page_referrer":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/people\/walter-hood\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-H3TZ88HN18', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-H3TZ88HN18', {"forceSSL":"true","link_attribution":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='powerpress-player-block-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='aadn-halyard-css' href='https://use.typekit.net/bpi4lyt.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='aadn-css' href='https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/style.css?ver=1.35.11' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-premium/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=9.2.2" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[{\"path\":\"\\\/go\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"},{\"path\":\"\\\/recommend\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"}]","home_url":"https:\/\/aadn.gsd.harvard.edu","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-H3TZ88HN18"};/* ]]> */ </script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/?p=183' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Faadn.gsd.harvard.edu%2Fprojects%2Fthe-solar-strand%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Faadn.gsd.harvard.edu%2Fprojects%2Fthe-solar-strand%2F&format=xml" /> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <meta name="description" content="The Solar Strand comprises a quarter-mile long array of 5000 photovoltaic panels on the campus of SUNY Buffalo. Designed by Walter Hood as the winning…"> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The Solar Strand | African American Design Nexus" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The Solar Strand comprises a quarter-mile long array of 5000 photovoltaic panels on the campus of SUNY Buffalo. Designed by Walter Hood as the winning…" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/projects/the-solar-strand/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="African American Design Nexus" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Earthday.3x5a9494_1.jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@HarvardGSD" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@HarvardGSD" /> <style id="wpforms-css-vars-root"> :root { --wpforms-field-border-radius: 3px; --wpforms-field-border-style: solid; --wpforms-field-border-size: 1px; --wpforms-field-background-color: #ffffff; --wpforms-field-border-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.25 ); --wpforms-field-border-color-spare: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.25 ); --wpforms-field-text-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.7 ); --wpforms-field-menu-color: #ffffff; --wpforms-label-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.85 ); --wpforms-label-sublabel-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.55 ); --wpforms-label-error-color: #d63637; --wpforms-button-border-radius: 3px; --wpforms-button-border-style: none; --wpforms-button-border-size: 1px; --wpforms-button-background-color: #066aab; --wpforms-button-border-color: #066aab; --wpforms-button-text-color: #ffffff; --wpforms-page-break-color: #066aab; --wpforms-background-image: none; --wpforms-background-position: center center; --wpforms-background-repeat: no-repeat; --wpforms-background-size: cover; --wpforms-background-width: 100px; --wpforms-background-height: 100px; --wpforms-background-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0 ); --wpforms-background-url: none; --wpforms-container-padding: 0px; --wpforms-container-border-style: none; --wpforms-container-border-width: 1px; --wpforms-container-border-color: #000000; --wpforms-container-border-radius: 3px; --wpforms-field-size-input-height: 43px; --wpforms-field-size-input-spacing: 15px; --wpforms-field-size-font-size: 16px; --wpforms-field-size-line-height: 19px; --wpforms-field-size-padding-h: 14px; --wpforms-field-size-checkbox-size: 16px; --wpforms-field-size-sublabel-spacing: 5px; --wpforms-field-size-icon-size: 1; --wpforms-label-size-font-size: 16px; --wpforms-label-size-line-height: 19px; --wpforms-label-size-sublabel-font-size: 14px; --wpforms-label-size-sublabel-line-height: 17px; --wpforms-button-size-font-size: 17px; --wpforms-button-size-height: 41px; --wpforms-button-size-padding-h: 15px; --wpforms-button-size-margin-top: 10px; --wpforms-container-shadow-size-box-shadow: none; } </style>   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-140088561-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-140088561-1'); </script> </head> <body class="projects-template-default single single-projects postid-183 template-single-projects" style="background-color: #709FB0"> <header class="b-sh b-sh-colorful" role="banner"> <a class="b-stc" href="#maincontent">Skip to content</a> <div class="b-sh-container"> <div class="b-sh-layout"> <div class="b-sh-logo"><a href="/"><img src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/blocks/siteheader/logo-aadn-wb.svg" alt="African American Design Nexus Logo"></a></div> <div class="b-sh-menuwrapper"> <nav class="b-sh-menu"><ul id="menu-primary-menu" class=""><li id="menu-item-831" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current_page_parent menu-item-831"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/news/">Community News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-828" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-828"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/category/nexus-podcast/">Nexus Podcast</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39"><a href="/features/">Features</a></li> <li id="menu-item-44" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-44"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/about/">About</a></li> </ul></nav> </div> </div> </div> </header><header class="b-shm b-shm-colorful" role="banner"> <a class="b-stc" href="#maincontent">Skip to content</a> <div class="b-shm-menuwrapper"><div class="b-shm-menulogo"><a href="/"><img src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/blocks/siteheadermobile/logo-aadn-cw-vertical.svg" alt="African American Design Nexus Logo" class="b-shm-logo-vertical"><img src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/blocks/siteheadermobile/logo-aadn-cw-horizontal.svg" alt="African American Design Nexus Logo" class="b-shm-logo-horizontal"></a></div><nav class="b-shm-menu"><ul id="menu-primary-menu-1" class=""><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current_page_parent menu-item-831"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/news/">Community News</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-828"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/category/nexus-podcast/">Nexus Podcast</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39"><a href="/features/">Features</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-44"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/about/">About</a></li> </ul></nav></div> <div class="b-shm-container"> <div class="b-shm-layout"> <div class="b-shm-logo"><a href="/"><img src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/blocks/siteheadermobile/logo-aadn-wb-horizontal.svg" alt="African American Design Nexus Logo" class="b-shm-logo-horizontal"><img src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/blocks/siteheadermobile/logo-aadn-wb-vertical.svg" alt="African American Design Nexus Logo" class="b-shm-logo-vertical"></a></div> <div class="b-shm-menutogglewrapper"> <button class="b-shm-menutoggle" role="button">Menu</button> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main> <article>  <header class="b-phproject b-phproject-colorful" style="background-color: #709FB0;"> <div class="b-phproject-pattern" style="background-image: url(https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/blocks/pattern/pattern-one-tile-blue-tint.svg);"></div> <div id="maincontent" class="b-phproject-title-container"> <h1 class="b-phproject-title">The Solar Strand</h1> </div> <div class="b-phproject-image-background-two-frame"> <div class="b-phproject-image-background-two" style="background-color: #F4F0F3;"></div> <div class="b-phproject-image-container"> <img srcset="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Earthday.3x5a9494_1.jpeg 1600w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Earthday.3x5a9494_1.jpeg 1280w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Earthday.3x5a9494_1.jpeg 904w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Earthday.3x5a9494_1-517x369.jpeg 517w" sizes="(max-width: 440px) 300px, (max-width: 769px) 500px, 1280px" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Earthday.3x5a9494_1.jpeg" alt="The Solar Strand" class="b-phproject-image"/> </div> </div> <div class="b-phproject-background-two" style="background-color: #F4F0F3;"> <div class="b-phproject-container"> <div class="b-phproject-teaser-container"> <div class="b-phproject-teaser-layout"> <div class="b-phproject-metadata"> <div class="b-phproject-statistic"><h2>Location</h2><p>Buffalo, NY </p></div><div class="b-phproject-statistic"><h2>Date</h2><p>2012</p></div> <div class="b-phproject-related-posttype"><h2>People</h2><p><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/people/walter-hood/">Walter Hood</a></p></div> </div> <div class="b-phproject-teaser"> <div class="b-phproject-teaser-inner"><p><strong>The Solar Strand</strong> comprises a quarter-mile long array of 5000 photovoltaic panels on the campus of SUNY Buffalo. Designed by Walter Hood as the winning design for the University at Buffalo Solar Park Competition, the project takes what some might understand as a mere energy storing system and adapts it to be a regional attraction. The installation harnesses energy from both sunlight and hydrological infiltration, actively participating in the University鈥檚 goals for sustainable impact. Embedded in a three-acre landscape of diverse native flora and fauna, the project also creates spaces of interaction between the University community and larger public. The panels form dozens of configurations, the three largest of which provide shaded classroom spaces for studying, learning, and reflection. The university also has plans to expand the educational reach of the project to local primary and secondary schools, and is developing a program through which students will be able to tour the Solar Strand and learn about solar energy and sustainability.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <section class="b-i b-i-full" style="background-color: #F4F0F3;"> <div class="b-i-container"> <figure class="b-i-layout"> <img srcset="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SnowonPath.dkl_8426.jpg 1600w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SnowonPath.dkl_8426.jpg 1280w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SnowonPath.dkl_8426.jpg 904w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SnowonPath.dkl_8426-517x369.jpg 517w" sizes="(max-width: 440px) 300px, (max-width: 769px) 904px, 1600px" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SnowonPath.dkl_8426.jpg" alt="" class="b-i-image"/> <div class="b-i-caption-frame"><figcaption><p class="b-i-credit">Photo: Douglas Levere Photography </p></figcaption></div> </figure> </div> </section><section class="b-i b-i-centered" style="background-color: #F4F0F3;"> <div class="b-i-container"> <figure class="b-i-layout"> <img srcset="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/6reddress1.jpg 1600w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/6reddress1.jpg 1280w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/6reddress1.jpg 904w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/6reddress1-517x369.jpg 517w" sizes="(max-width: 440px) 300px, (max-width: 769px) 500px, 1280px" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/6reddress1.jpg" alt="" class="b-i-image"/> <div class="b-i-caption-frame"><figcaption><p class="b-i-credit">Photo: Douglas Levere Photography </p></figcaption></div> </figure> </div> </section><section class="b-i b-i-centered" style="background-color: #F4F0F3;"> <div class="b-i-container"> <figure class="b-i-layout"> <img srcset="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/ScreenShot2017-02-23at11.15.08AM.png 1600w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/ScreenShot2017-02-23at11.15.08AM.png 1280w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/ScreenShot2017-02-23at11.15.08AM.png 904w, https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/ScreenShot2017-02-23at11.15.08AM-517x369.png 517w" sizes="(max-width: 440px) 300px, (max-width: 769px) 500px, 1280px" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/ScreenShot2017-02-23at11.15.08AM.png" alt="" class="b-i-image"/> <div class="b-i-caption-frame"><figcaption><p class="b-i-credit">Photo: Douglas Levere Photography </p></figcaption></div> </figure> </div> </section><section class="b-f" style="background-color: #709FB0;"> <div class="b-f-container"> <div class="b-f-container-inner"> <div class="b-f-layout"> <aside class="b-f-aside" style="padding: 0;"></aside> <div class="b-f-body"> <h2>Sources</h2> <p><a href="http://www.buffalo.edu/home/feature_story/solar-strand.htm">Buffalo.edu</a></p> <p>All images from Hood Design Studio: <a href="http://www.hooddesignstudio.com/solarstrand">HoodDesignStudio.com</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <aside class="b-tb b-tb-light" style="background-color: #FDBF48;"> <div class="b-tb-container"> <div class="b-tb-tagscontainer"><h2>Explore More</h2><p class="b-tb-tag"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/tag/education/">Education</a></p><p class="b-tb-tag"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/tag/installation/">Installation</a></p><p class="b-tb-tag"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/tag/landscape-architecture/">Landscape Architecture</a></p><p class="b-tb-tag"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/tag/sustainability/">Sustainability</a></p></div> </div> </aside> </article> </main> <footer class="b-sf"> <div class="b-sf-container"> <div class="b-sf-layout"> <div class="b-sf-column-one"> <p class="b-sf-message">Honoring the work of African American designers at the intersection of design, identity, and practice.</p> <nav class="b-sf-menu"><ul id="menu-primary-menu-2" class=""><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current_page_parent menu-item-831"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/news/">Community News</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-828"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/category/nexus-podcast/">Nexus Podcast</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39"><a href="/features/">Features</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-44"><a href="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/about/">About</a></li> </ul></nav> <div class="b-sf-logos"> <a href="/"><img class="b-sf-logo-aadn" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/blocks/sitefooter/logo-aadn-ww.svg" alt="AADN Logo"></a> <a href="https://www.gsd.harvard.edu/"><img class="b-sf-logo-gsd" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/blocks/sitefooter/logo-gsd.svg" alt="GSD Logo"></a> </div> <nav class="b-sf-menuutility"><ul id="menu-utility-menu" class=""><li id="menu-item-895" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-895"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://accessibility.harvard.edu/">Accessibility</a></li> <li id="menu-item-896" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-896"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://accessibility.huit.harvard.edu/digital-accessibility-policy">Digital Accessibility</a></li> <li id="menu-item-897" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-897"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.harvard.edu/privacy-statement/">Privacy Statement</a></li> </ul></nav> </div> <div class="b-sf-column-two"> <p class="b-sf-messagesecondary">For questions, comments, or to suggest a design or designer:</p> <address> <a class="b-btn b-btn-large b-btn-labelcolor-white b-btn-bordercolor-white b-btn-hovercolor-black" href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#d7b6b6b3b997b0a4b3f9bfb6a5a1b6a5b3f9b2b3a2" target="_self">Inquiries</a> <p class="b-sf-address">Frances Loeb Library<br>48 Quincy Street<br>Cambridge, MA 02138</p> </address> </div> </div> <div class="b-sf-copyright"> <p>© 2024 President and Fellows of Harvard College</p> </div> </div> </footer><script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> /* MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ if ( typeof(jQuery) !== 'undefined' ) { jQuery( document ).ready(function(){ function monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load() { if ( ( typeof(__gaTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gaTracker && __gaTracker.hasOwnProperty( "loaded" ) && __gaTracker.loaded == true ) || ( typeof(__gtagTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gtagTracker ) ) { (function(factory) { factory(jQuery); }(function($) { /* Scroll Depth */ "use strict"; var defaults = { percentage: true }; var $window = $(window), cache = [], scrollEventBound = false, lastPixelDepth = 0; /* * Plugin */ $.scrollDepth = function(options) { var startTime = +new Date(); options = $.extend({}, defaults, options); /* * Functions */ function sendEvent(action, label, scrollDistance, timing) { if ( 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject || 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent ) { return; } var paramName = action.toLowerCase(); var fieldsArray = { send_to: 'G-H3TZ88HN18', non_interaction: true }; fieldsArray[paramName] = label; if (arguments.length > 3) { fieldsArray.scroll_timing = timing MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } else { MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } } function calculateMarks(docHeight) { return { '25%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.25, 10), '50%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.50, 10), '75%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.75, 10), /* Cushion to trigger 100% event in iOS */ '100%': docHeight - 5 }; } function checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing) { /* Check each active mark */ $.each(marks, function(key, val) { if ( $.inArray(key, cache) === -1 && scrollDistance >= val ) { sendEvent('Percentage', key, scrollDistance, timing); cache.push(key); } }); } function rounded(scrollDistance) { /* Returns String */ return (Math.floor(scrollDistance/250) * 250).toString(); } function init() { bindScrollDepth(); } /* * Public Methods */ /* Reset Scroll Depth with the originally initialized options */ $.scrollDepth.reset = function() { cache = []; lastPixelDepth = 0; $window.off('scroll.scrollDepth'); bindScrollDepth(); }; /* Add DOM elements to be tracked */ $.scrollDepth.addElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.merge(options.elements, elems); /* If scroll event has been unbound from window, rebind */ if (!scrollEventBound) { bindScrollDepth(); } }; /* Remove DOM elements currently tracked */ $.scrollDepth.removeElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.each(elems, function(index, elem) { var inElementsArray = $.inArray(elem, options.elements); var inCacheArray = $.inArray(elem, cache); if (inElementsArray != -1) { options.elements.splice(inElementsArray, 1); } if (inCacheArray != -1) { cache.splice(inCacheArray, 1); } }); }; /* * Throttle function borrowed from: * Underscore.js 1.5.2 * http://underscorejs.org * (c) 2009-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors * Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license. */ function throttle(func, wait) { var context, args, result; var timeout = null; var previous = 0; var later = function() { previous = new Date; timeout = null; result = func.apply(context, args); }; return function() { var now = new Date; if (!previous) previous = now; var remaining = wait - (now - previous); context = this; args = arguments; if (remaining <= 0) { clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = null; previous = now; result = func.apply(context, args); } else if (!timeout) { timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining); } return result; }; } /* * Scroll Event */ function bindScrollDepth() { scrollEventBound = true; $window.on('scroll.scrollDepth', throttle(function() { /* * We calculate document and window height on each scroll event to * account for dynamic DOM changes. */ var docHeight = $(document).height(), winHeight = window.innerHeight ? window.innerHeight : $window.height(), scrollDistance = $window.scrollTop() + winHeight, /* Recalculate percentage marks */ marks = calculateMarks(docHeight), /* Timing */ timing = +new Date - startTime; checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing); }, 500)); } init(); }; /* UMD export */ return $.scrollDepth; })); jQuery.scrollDepth(); } else { setTimeout(monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load, 200); } } monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load(); }); } /* End MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://aadn.gsd.harvard.edu/wp-content/themes/aadn/assets/js/scripts.js?ver=1.35.11" id="aadn-scripts-js"></script> <div class="b-shm-footer"></div> </body> </html>