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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Leviticus 11:13 Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/leviticus/11-13.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/6/03_Lev_11_13.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Leviticus 11:13 - Clean and Unclean Animals" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture," /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/leviticus/11-13.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/leviticus/11-13.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/leviticus/">Leviticus</a> > <a href="/leviticus/11.htm">Chapter 11</a> > Verse 13</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad13.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/leviticus/11-12.htm" title="Leviticus 11:12">◄</a> Leviticus 11:13 <a href="/leviticus/11-14.htm" title="Leviticus 11:14">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/leviticus/11.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/leviticus/11.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />&#8220&#8217These are the birds you are to regard as unclean and not eat because they are unclean: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/leviticus/11.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />“These are the birds that are detestable to you. You must never eat them: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/leviticus/11.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />“And these you shall detest among the birds; they shall not be eaten; they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/leviticus/11.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/leviticus/11.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And these <i>are they which</i> ye shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they <i>are</i> an abomination: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/leviticus/11.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />‘And these you shall regard as an abomination among the birds; they shall not be eaten, they <i>are</i> an abomination: the eagle, the vulture, the buzzard,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/leviticus/11.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />‘Moreover, these you shall detest among the birds; they are detestable, not to be eaten: the eagle, the vulture, and the buzzard,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/leviticus/11.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />&#8216These, moreover, you shall detest among the birds; they are abhorrent, not to be eaten: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/leviticus/11.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />‘These, moreover, you shall detest among the birds; they are abhorrent, not to be eaten: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/leviticus/11.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />‘These, moreover, you shall detest among the birds; they shall not be eaten; they are detestable: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/leviticus/11.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />‘These you shall detest among the birds; they are not to be eaten, for they are hated things: the eagle and the vulture and the buzzard,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/leviticus/11.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />“You are to abhor these birds. They must not be eaten because they are abhorrent: eagles, bearded vultures, Egyptian vultures,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/leviticus/11.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />You are to detest these birds. They must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/leviticus/11.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And these ye shall have in abomination among the birds; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the gier-eagle, and the ospray,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/leviticus/11.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And these ye shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the gier eagle, and the ospray;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/leviticus/11.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />"Here are the kinds of birds you must consider disgusting and must not eat. They are eagles, bearded vultures, black vultures,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/leviticus/11.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />"These are detestable things for you among winged creatures that you are not to eat, because they are detestable for you: the eagle, vulture, osprey, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/leviticus/11.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Additionally, you are to detest the following birds, and they must not be eaten because they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/leviticus/11.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />"'These you are to detest from among the birds--they must not be eaten, because they are detestable: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/leviticus/11.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />"'These you shall detest among the birds; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the vulture, and the black vulture,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/leviticus/11.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And these are they which ye shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/leviticus/11.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />“‘You shall detest these among the birds; they shall not be eaten because they are an abomination: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture, <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/leviticus/11.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And these you detest of the bird—they are not eaten, they [are] an abomination: the eagle, and the bearded vulture, and the osprey,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/leviticus/11.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And these ye do abominate of the fowl; they are not eaten, an abomination they are: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/leviticus/11.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And these ye shall abhor from the birds; they shall not be eaten; they are an abomination: the eagle, the sea eagle, and the osprey.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/leviticus/11.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />Of birds these are they which you must not eat, and which are to be avoided by you: The eagle, and the griffon, and the osprey, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/leviticus/11.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />These are those things among the birds which you must not eat, and which are to be avoided by you: the eagle, and the griffin, and the osprey,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/leviticus/11.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Of the birds, these you shall loathe; they shall not be eaten, they are loathsome: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/leviticus/11.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />These you shall regard as detestable among the birds. They shall not be eaten; they are an abomination: the eagle, the vulture, the osprey,<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/leviticus/11.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And these you shall abhor among the birds; they shall not be eaten, because they are unclean: the eagle and the vulture<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/leviticus/11.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And reject these things from the birds and they shall not be eaten because they are defiled: the eagle and the vulture,<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/leviticus/11.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And these ye shall have in detestation among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are a detestable thing: the great vulture, and the bearded vulture, and the ospray;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/leviticus/11.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And these are the things which ye shall abhor of birds, and they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle and the ossifrage, and the sea-eagle.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/leviticus/11-13.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/NWs_V1RyMFo?start=2494" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/leviticus/11.htm">Clean and Unclean Animals</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">12</span>Everything in the water that does not have fins and scales shall be detestable to you. <span class="reftext">13</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: wə·’eṯ- (Conj-w:: DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self.">Additionally,</a> <a href="/hebrew/8262.htm" title="8262: tə·šaq·qə·ṣū (V-Piel-Imperf-2mp) -- To detest, make detestable. A primitive root; to be filthy, i.e. to loathe, pollute.">you are to detest</a> <a href="/hebrew/4480.htm" title="4480: min- (Prep) -- From. Or minniy; or minney; for men; properly, a part of; hence, from or out of in many senses."></a> <a href="/hebrew/428.htm" title="428: ’êl·leh (Pro-cp) -- These. Prolonged from 'el; these or those.">the following</a> <a href="/hebrew/5775.htm" title="5775: hā·‘ō·wp̄ (Art:: N-ms) -- Flying creatures. From uwph; a bird, often collectively.">birds,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: lō (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">and they must not</a> <a href="/hebrew/398.htm" title="398: yê·’ā·ḵə·lū (V-Nifal-Imperf-3mp) -- To eat. A primitive root; to eat.">be eaten</a> <a href="/hebrew/1992.htm" title="1992: hêm (Pro-3mp) -- They. Or hemmah; masculine plural from halak; they.">because they</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/8263.htm" title="8263: še·qeṣ (N-ms) -- Detestation, detestable thing. From shaqats; filth, i.e. an idolatrous object.">are detestable:</a> <a href="/hebrew/5404.htm" title="5404: han·ne·šer (Art:: N-ms) -- An eagle. From an unused root meaning to lacerate; the eagle.">the eagle,</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: wə·’eṯ- (Conj-w:: DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/6538.htm" title="6538: hap·pe·res (Art:: N-ms) -- (a bird of prey) perhaps bearded vulture. From parac; a claw; also a kind of eagle.">the bearded vulture,</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: wə·’êṯ (Conj-w:: DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/5822.htm" title="5822: hā·‘ā·zə·nî·yāh (Art:: N-fs) -- (a bird of prey) perhaps vulture. Probably feminine of oz; probably the sea-eagle.">the black vulture,</a> </span><span class="reftext">14</span>the kite, any kind of falcon,…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Deuteronomy 14:12-18</a></span><br />but these you may not eat: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture, / the red kite, the falcon, any kind of kite, / any kind of raven, ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/34-11.htm">Isaiah 34:11-15</a></span><br />The desert owl and screech owl will possess it, and the great owl and raven will dwell in it. The LORD will stretch out over Edom a measuring line of chaos and a plumb line of destruction. / No nobles will be left to proclaim a king, and all her princes will come to nothing. / Her towers will be overgrown with thorns, her fortresses with thistles and briers. She will become a haunt for jackals, an abode for ostriches. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/job/39-26.htm">Job 39:26-30</a></span><br />Does the hawk take flight by your understanding and spread his wings toward the south? / Does the eagle soar at your command and make his nest on high? / He dwells on a cliff and lodges there; his stronghold is on a rocky crag. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/39-4.htm">Ezekiel 39:4</a></span><br />On the mountains of Israel you will fall—you and all your troops and the nations with you. I will give you as food to every kind of ravenous bird and wild beast.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/23-37.htm">Matthew 23:37</a></span><br />O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/13-34.htm">Luke 13:34</a></span><br />O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/18-2.htm">Revelation 18:2</a></span><br />And he cried out in a mighty voice: “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great! She has become a lair for demons and a haunt for every unclean spirit, every unclean bird, and every detestable beast.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/13-21.htm">Isaiah 13:21-22</a></span><br />But desert creatures will lie down there, and howling creatures will fill her houses. Ostriches will dwell there, and wild goats will leap about. / Hyenas will howl in her fortresses and jackals in her luxurious palaces. Babylon’s time is at hand, and her days will not be prolonged.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/50-39.htm">Jeremiah 50:39</a></span><br />So the desert creatures and hyenas will live there and ostriches will dwell there. It will never again be inhabited or lived in from generation to generation.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/zephaniah/2-14.htm">Zephaniah 2:14</a></span><br />Herds will lie down in her midst, creatures of every kind. Both the desert owl and screech owl will roost atop her pillars. Their calls will sound from the window, but desolation will lie on the threshold, for He will expose the beams of cedar.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hosea/9-11.htm">Hosea 9:11</a></span><br />Ephraim’s glory will fly away like a bird, with no birth, no pregnancy, and no conception.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/102-6.htm">Psalm 102:6</a></span><br />I am like a desert owl, like an owl among the ruins.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/14-23.htm">Isaiah 14:23</a></span><br />“I will make her a place for owls and for swamplands; I will sweep her away with the broom of destruction,” declares the LORD of Hosts.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/24-28.htm">Matthew 24:28</a></span><br />Wherever there is a carcass, there the vultures will gather.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/17-37.htm">Luke 17:37</a></span><br />“Where, Lord?” they asked. Jesus answered, “Wherever there is a carcass, there the vultures will gather.”</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And these are they which you shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Deuteronomy 14:12-20</a></b></br> But these <i>are they</i> of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray, … </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/job/28-7.htm">Job 28:7</a></b></br> <i>There is</i> a path which no fowl knoweth, and which the vulture's eye hath not seen:</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/job/38-41.htm">Job 38:41</a></b></br> Who provideth for the raven his food? when his young ones cry unto God, they wander for lack of meat.</p><p class="hdg">the ossifrage.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/leviticus/11-12.htm">Abhorrent</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-11.htm">Abominate</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-12.htm">Abomination</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Bearded</a> <a href="/leviticus/1-14.htm">Birds</a> <a href="/genesis/30-40.htm">Black</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-13.htm">Buzzard</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-11.htm">Detest</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-12.htm">Detestable</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-11.htm">Detestation</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-12.htm">Disgusting</a> <a href="/revelation/12-14.htm">Eagle</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-11.htm">Eat</a> <a href="/leviticus/10-19.htm">Eaten</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-11.htm">Food</a> <a href="/leviticus/7-26.htm">Fowl</a> <a href="/leviticus/1-14.htm">Fowls</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-17.htm">Gier-Eagle</a> <a href="/leviticus/8-24.htm">Great</a> <a href="/leviticus/10-13.htm">Moreover</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Ospray</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-17.htm">Osprey</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Ossifrage</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Sea-Eagle</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-11.htm">Used</a> <a href="/habakkuk/1-8.htm">Vulture</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/leviticus/20-21.htm">Abhorrent</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/7-26.htm">Abominate</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-20.htm">Abomination</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Bearded</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-14.htm">Birds</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-14.htm">Black</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Buzzard</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-23.htm">Detest</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-20.htm">Detestable</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-5.htm">Detestation</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-20.htm">Disgusting</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-18.htm">Eagle</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-21.htm">Eat</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-34.htm">Eaten</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-26.htm">Food</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-46.htm">Fowl</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-20.htm">Fowls</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-18.htm">Gier-Eagle</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-17.htm">Great</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-24.htm">Moreover</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Ospray</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-18.htm">Osprey</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Ossifrage</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-12.htm">Sea-Eagle</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-39.htm">Used</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-14.htm">Vulture</a><div class="vheading2">Leviticus 11</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/leviticus/11-1.htm">What animals may be eaten</a></span><br><span class="reftext">4. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/leviticus/11-4.htm">and what may not be eaten</a></span><br><span class="reftext">9. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/leviticus/11-9.htm">What fishes</a></span><br><span class="reftext">13. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/leviticus/11-13.htm">What fowls</a></span><br><span class="reftext">29. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/leviticus/11-29.htm">The creeping things which are unclean</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/leviticus/11.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/leviticus/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/leviticus/11.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>Additionally, you are to detest the following birds,</b><br>This phrase introduces a list of birds that are considered unclean and not to be consumed. The use of "detest" indicates a strong prohibition, reflecting the importance of maintaining ritual purity. In the broader context of Leviticus, these dietary laws are part of the Holiness Code, which sets Israel apart from other nations. The emphasis on detesting these birds underscores the need for the Israelites to adhere strictly to God's commands.<p><b>and they must not be eaten because they are detestable:</b><br>The repetition of "detestable" highlights the severity of the prohibition. In ancient Israel, dietary laws were not only about health but also about obedience and identity. By avoiding these birds, the Israelites demonstrated their commitment to God's covenant. This concept of detestability is echoed in other parts of the Old Testament, where certain practices and items are deemed abominable due to their association with pagan rituals or impurity.<p><b>the eagle,</b><br>The eagle is often seen as a symbol of strength and power in the Bible, yet it is listed here as unclean. This may be due to its nature as a bird of prey, which feeds on carrion. The eagle's inclusion in this list serves as a reminder that God's standards of holiness are distinct from human perceptions of majesty or power. In prophetic literature, the eagle is sometimes used metaphorically to describe nations or divine judgment, such as in <a href="/ezekiel/17.htm">Ezekiel 17</a> and <a href="/revelation/12.htm">Revelation 12</a>.<p><b>the bearded vulture,</b><br>The bearded vulture, also known as the lammergeier, is a scavenger that feeds primarily on bones. Its inclusion in the list of unclean birds is likely due to its diet, which involves consuming dead animals, a practice that is ritually impure. The bearded vulture's presence in the list emphasizes the importance of avoiding contact with death and decay, which are contrary to the life and purity that God desires for His people.<p><b>the black vulture,</b><br>Similar to the bearded vulture, the black vulture is a scavenger. Its role in the ecosystem as a consumer of carrion makes it unclean according to Levitical law. The black vulture's mention reinforces the theme of separation from death and impurity. In a broader biblical context, vultures are often associated with desolation and judgment, as seen in passages like <a href="/isaiah/34-15.htm">Isaiah 34:15</a> and <a href="/matthew/24-28.htm">Matthew 24:28</a>, where they symbolize the aftermath of divine retribution.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/m/moses.htm">Moses</a></b><br>The author of Leviticus, who received the laws from God to instruct the Israelites.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/i/israelites.htm">Israelites</a></b><br>The people to whom the laws in Leviticus were given, as they journeyed from Egypt to the Promised Land.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/m/mount_sinai.htm">Mount Sinai</a></b><br>The place where Moses received the laws from God, including dietary laws.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/e/eagle,_vulture,_black_vulture.htm">Eagle, Vulture, Black Vulture</a></b><br>Specific birds mentioned in this verse that are considered detestable and unclean for consumption.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/u/understanding_holiness.htm">Understanding Holiness</a></b><br>The dietary laws in Leviticus, including the prohibition of certain birds, were part of God's call for Israel to be holy and set apart. This teaches us about the importance of living a life distinct from worldly practices.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/s/symbolism_of_purity.htm">Symbolism of Purity</a></b><br>The distinction between clean and unclean animals symbolizes the need for spiritual purity. As Christians, we are called to discern and avoid spiritual impurities in our lives.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/o/obedience_to_god's_commands.htm">Obedience to God's Commands</a></b><br>The Israelites were required to obey these dietary laws as an act of obedience to God. This reminds us of the importance of following God's commands, even when we do not fully understand them.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/c/cultural_and_historical_context.htm">Cultural and Historical Context</a></b><br>Understanding the cultural and historical context of these laws helps us appreciate their significance for the Israelites and how they pointed towards a greater spiritual truth fulfilled in Christ.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/f/freedom_in_christ.htm">Freedom in Christ</a></b><br>While the Old Testament laws were specific to Israel, the New Testament teaches that in Christ, we have freedom regarding dietary practices. This freedom should be exercised with consideration for others' consciences and faith.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_leviticus_11.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Leviticus 11</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_do_vultures_symbolize_biblically.htm">What do vultures represent in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_is_the_bible_important.htm">What do vultures represent in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/is_a_good_name_worth_more_than_ointment.htm">What distinguishes clean from unclean animals in scripture?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/which_animals_are_clean_or_unclean.htm">Which animals are considered clean or unclean?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/leviticus/11.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(13) <span class= "bld">Ye shall have in abomination among the fowls.</span>--The third of the four great divisions of the animal kingdom--viz., the birds of the air, in accordance with their proper sequence--is discussed in <a href="/context/leviticus/11-13.htm" title="And these are they which you shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,">Leviticus 11:13-19</a>. It will be seen that, whilst in the case of the two preceding divisions of the animal kingdom certain signs are given by which to distinguish the clean from the unclean animals, in the division before us a list is simply given of the birds which are unclean and prohibited. This absence of all criteria is all the more remarkable, since after some of the birds mentioned it is added "after his kind," or "after her kind" (see <a href="/context/leviticus/11-14.htm" title="And the vulture, and the kite after his kind;">Leviticus 11:14-16</a>; <a href="/leviticus/11-19.htm" title="And the stork, the heron after her kind, and the lapwing, and the bat.">Leviticus 11:19</a>), thus showing that kindred species were included in the prohibition, and that it was left to those who had to administer this law, to lay down some general signs by which the proscribed species are to be known. Hence the following rules obtained during the second Temple. Those birds are unclean (1) which snatch their food in the air, and devour it without first dropping it on the ground; (2) which strike with their talons and press down with their foot the prey to the ground, and then tear off pieces with their beak for consumption; (3) which "divide their feet" when standing on an extended rope or branch, placing two toes on the one side and two on the other, and not three in front and one behind; and (4) whose eggs are equally narrow or equally round at both ends, and have the white in the middle and the yolk around it.<p><span class= "bld">The eagle.</span>--As the king of the birds, the eagle stands first in the list. It denotes here all the species of the eagle proper. Arabian writers, scientific travellers, and the most distinguished naturalists, concur in their testimony that the eagle eats carrion when it is still fresh, thus harmonizing with the description in <a href="/job/39-10.htm" title="Can you bind the unicorn with his band in the furrow? or will he harrow the valleys after you?">Job 39:10</a>; <a href="/proverbs/30-17.htm" title="The eye that mocks at his father, and despises to obey his mother, the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it.">Proverbs 30:17</a>; <a href="/matthew/24-28.htm" title="For wherever the carcass is, there will the eagles be gathered together.">Matthew 24:28</a>, &c. The assertion, therefore, that the bird here meant is the Egyptian vulture, because the eagle disdains dead bodies and feeds only on what it kills itself, is erroneous. Besides the kindred dialects, all the ancient versions and the best Hebrew scholars place it beyond a doubt that <span class= "ital">Nesher </span>here denotes eagle. Afterwards, however, the carrion-kite and the golden vulture were also reckoned among the different species of eagles. Hence the allusion in <a href="/micah/1-16.htm" title="Make you bald, and poll you for your delicate children; enlarge your baldness as the eagle; for they are gone into captivity from you.">Micah 1:16</a>. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/leviticus/11.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verses 13-19.</span> - The unclean birds are those which are gross feeders, devourers of flesh or offal, and therefore offensive to the taste, beginning with the eagle and vulture tribe. It is probable that the words translated owl (verse 16), <span class="cmt_word">night hawk</span> (verse 16), <span class="cmt_word">cuckow</span> (verse 16) should be rendered, <span class="accented">ostrich, owl, gull</span>, and perhaps for <span class="cmt_word">swan</span> (verse 18), <span class="cmt_word">heron</span> (verse 19), <span class="cmt_word">lapwing</span> (verse 19), should be substituted <span class="accented">ibis, great plover, hoopoe.</span> In the case of the bat, we have again phenomenal language used. Being generally regarded as a bird, it is classed with birds. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/leviticus/11-13.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Additionally,</span><br /><span class="heb">וְאֶת־</span> <span class="translit">(wə·’eṯ-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Direct object marker<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_853.htm">Strong's 853: </a> </span><span class="str2">Untranslatable mark of the accusative case</span><br /><br /><span class="word">you are to detest</span><br /><span class="heb">תְּשַׁקְּצ֣וּ</span> <span class="translit">(tə·šaq·qə·ṣū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Piel - Imperfect - second person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8262.htm">Strong's 8262: </a> </span><span class="str2">To be filthy, to loathe, pollute</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the following</span><br /><span class="heb">אֵ֙לֶּה֙</span> <span class="translit">(’êl·leh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Pronoun - common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_428.htm">Strong's 428: </a> </span><span class="str2">These, those</span><br /><br /><span class="word">birds,</span><br /><span class="heb">הָע֔וֹף</span> <span class="translit">(hā·‘ō·wp̄)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5775.htm">Strong's 5775: </a> </span><span class="str2">Flying creatures</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and they must not</span><br /><span class="heb">לֹ֥א</span> <span class="translit">(lō)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb - Negative particle<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> </span><span class="str2">Not, no</span><br /><br /><span class="word">be eaten</span><br /><span class="heb">יֵאָכְל֖וּ</span> <span class="translit">(yê·’ā·ḵə·lū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_398.htm">Strong's 398: </a> </span><span class="str2">To eat</span><br /><br /><span class="word">because they</span><br /><span class="heb">הֵ֑ם</span> <span class="translit">(hêm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Pronoun - third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1992.htm">Strong's 1992: </a> </span><span class="str2">They</span><br /><br /><span class="word">are detestable:</span><br /><span class="heb">שֶׁ֣קֶץ</span> <span class="translit">(še·qeṣ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8263.htm">Strong's 8263: </a> </span><span class="str2">Detestation, detestable thing</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the eagle,</span><br /><span class="heb">הַנֶּ֙שֶׁר֙</span> <span class="translit">(han·ne·šer)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5404.htm">Strong's 5404: </a> </span><span class="str2">The eagle</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the bearded vulture,</span><br /><span class="heb">הַפֶּ֔רֶס</span> <span class="translit">(hap·pe·res)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6538.htm">Strong's 6538: </a> </span><span class="str2">(a bird of prey) perhaps bearded vulture</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the black vulture,</span><br /><span class="heb">הָעָזְנִיָּֽה׃</span> <span class="translit">(hā·‘ā·zə·nî·yāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5822.htm">Strong's 5822: </a> </span><span class="str2">(a bird of prey) perhaps vulture</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/leviticus/11-13.htm">Leviticus 11:13 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/leviticus/11-13.htm">OT Law: Leviticus 11:13 These you shall detest among the birds (Le Lv Lev.) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/leviticus/11-12.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Leviticus 11:12"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Leviticus 11:12" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/leviticus/11-14.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Leviticus 11:14"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Leviticus 11:14" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>