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with-gap leftcol"> <div class="sidenav"><nav class="sn-contents" aria-label="Secondary"> <ul class="sidenav--list"> <li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/fundamentals/" class="page-link"><span>Accessibility Fundamentals</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/fundamentals/accessibility-intro/" class="page-link"><span>Introduction to Accessibility</span></a><ul><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/videos/standards-and-benefits/" class="page-link"><span>Video Introduction</span></a></li></ul></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people/" aria-current="location" class="page-link"><span>Accessibility is About People</span></a><ul><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/" class="page-link"><span>Perspectives Videos</span></a><ul><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/keyboard/" class="page-link"><span>Keyboard Compatibility</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/contrast/" class="page-link"><span>Colors with Good Contrast</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/layout/" class="page-link"><span>Clear Layout and Design</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/speech/" class="page-link"><span>Text to Speech</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/controls/" class="page-link"><span>Large Links, Buttons, and Controls</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/captions/" class="page-link"><span>Video Captions</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/customizable/" class="page-link"><span>Customizable Text</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/voice/" class="page-link"><span>Speech Recognition</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/understandable/" class="page-link"><span>Understandable Content</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/perspective-videos/notifications/" class="page-link"><span>Notifications and Feedback</span></a></li></ul></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/" class="page-link"><span>How People with Disabilities Use the Web</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/" class="page-link"><span>Stories of Web Users</span></a><ul><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/story-one/" class="page-link"><span>Ade's Story</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/story-two/" class="page-link"><span>Ian's Story</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/story-three/" class="page-link"><span>Lakshmi's Story</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/story-four/" class="page-link"><span>Lexie's Story</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/story-five/" class="page-link"><span>Sophie's Story</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/story-six/" class="page-link"><span>Dhruv's Story</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/story-seven/" class="page-link"><span>Marta's Story</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/story-eight/" class="page-link"><span>Stefan's Story</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/user-stories/story-nine/" class="page-link"><span>Elias' Story</span></a></li></ul></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/" class="page-link"><span>Diverse Abilities and Barriers</span></a><ul><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/auditory/" class="page-link"><span>Auditory</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/cognitive/" class="page-link"><span>Cognitive and Learning</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/physical/" class="page-link"><span>Physical</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/speech/" class="page-link"><span>Speech</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/visual/" class="page-link"><span>Visual</span></a></li></ul></li> <li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/" aria-current="page" class="page-link"><span>Tools and Techniques</span></a><ul><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/perception/" class="page-link"><span>Perception</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/presentation/" class="page-link"><span>Presentation</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/input/" class="page-link"><span>Input</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/navigation/" class="page-link"><span>Interaction</span></a></li></ul></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/older-users/" class="page-link"><span>Older Users and Accessibility</span></a><ul><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/older-users/developing/" class="page-link"><span>How WCAG 2 Applies</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/older-users/literature/" class="page-link"><span>Literature Review</span></a></li></ul></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/fundamentals/accessibility-usability-inclusion/" class="page-link"><span>Accessibility, Usability, Inclusion</span></a></li></ul></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/fundamentals/components/" class="page-link"><span>Components of Web Accessibility</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/fundamentals/accessibility-principles/" class="page-link"><span>Accessibility Principles</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/research/" class="page-link"><span>Research</span></a><ul><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/research/user-requirements/" class="page-link"><span>User Requirements</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/research/ai2023/" class="page-link"><span>AI and Accessibility</span></a></li></ul></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/courses/" class="page-link"><span>Digital Accessibility Courses</span></a><ul><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/courses/foundations-course/" class="page-link"><span>W3C Foundations Online Course</span></a></li><li> <a lang="en" href="/WAI/courses/list/" class="page-link"><span>Course List</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></nav><nav class="sidenav-languages" aria-labelledby="languagehead"> <header id="languagehead">Languages/Translations</header> <ul class="langlist"> <li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><strong style="text-transform: capitalize;">English (original)</strong></li><li style="margin-bottom: 2px;"><a style="text-transform: capitalize;" href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/fr" dir="auto" translate="no" lang="fr">français</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/WAI/translations/">All Translations</a></p> <p><a href="/WAI/about/translating/">Translating WAI Resources</a></p> </nav> </div> <main id="main" lang="en"> <header class="in-resource"> <h1> Tools and Techniques </h1><p>in <a lang="en" href="/WAI/people-use-web/"><span>How People with Disabilities Use the Web</span></a></p></header> <blockquote class="pull alt-2"> <p>Accessibility: It's about people</p></blockquote> <aside class="box box-full"><header class="box-h box-h-full"> <h2> Summary </h2></header><div class="box-i"> <p>This section introduces some of the tools and techniques that people with disabilities use to interact with digital technology — browser settings, text-to-speech, speech recognition, and many more. The examples given are not a complete list of all the ways that people interact with digital technology.</p> </div></aside> <h2 id="tools">Tools and preferences</h2> <p>People with disabilities access and navigate digital technology in different ways, depending on their individual needs and preferences. Sometimes people configure standard software and hardware according to their needs, and sometimes people use specialized software and hardware that help them perform certain tasks.</p> <h3 id="more-about-tools-and-preferences">More about tools and preferences</h3> <p>Some common approaches for interacting with the Web include:</p> <ul> <li><strong id="at">Assistive Technologies</strong> – software and hardware that people with disabilities use to improve interaction with the web. These include screen readers that read aloud web pages for people who cannot read the text, screen magnifiers for people with some types of low vision, and speech recognition software and selection switches for people who cannot use a keyboard or mouse.</li> <li><strong id="as">Adaptive Strategies</strong> – techniques that people with disabilities use to improve interaction with the Web, such as increasing text size, reducing mouse speed, and turning on captions. Adaptive strategies include techniques with standard software, with mainstream web browsers, with mobile devices, and with assistive technologies.</li> </ul> <p>Accessibility benefits people with and without disabilities. Features that support accessibility are becoming increasingly available in standard computer hardware, mobile devices, operating systems, web browsers, and other tools. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/users/browsing/">Better Web Browsing: Tips for Customizing Your Computer</a> provides information about customizing your computer to take advantage of such accessibility features and solutions.</p> <p>Sometimes hardware and software with specific accessibility features, including web browsers, media players, or assistive technologies, may not be available to an individual. For example, tools may not be affordable, not installed or not compatible with the computer, not available in some languages, or not available for other reasons. In other cases, people are unaware of accessibility solutions or how to configure and use them.</p> <h2 id="more-on-tools-and-techniques">More on tools and techniques:</h2> <ul> <li><a href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/perception/">Perception - hearing, feeling and seeing</a></li> <li><a href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/presentation/">Presentation - distinguishing and understanding</a></li> <li><a href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/input/">Input - typing, writing, and clicking</a></li> <li><a href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/navigation/">Interaction - navigating and finding</a></li> </ul> <nav class="pager" aria-label="Previous/Next Page" style="clear: both;"> <ul><li class="pager--item next"> <a href="/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/perception/"> <svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="icon-arrow-right pager--item-icon"><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-arrow-right"></use></svg> <span class="pager--item-text"> <span class="pager--item-text-direction">Next:</span> <span class="pager--item-text-target">Perception - hearing, feeling and seeing</span> </span> </a> </li> </ul></nav><aside class="box box-icon box-space-above" id="helpimprove" aria-label="feedback"><header class="box-h box-h-icon box-h-space-above box-h-icon"> <svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="icon-comments "><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-comments"></use></svg> <h2> Help improve this page </h2></header><div class="box-i"><p>Please share your ideas, suggestions, or comments via e-mail to the publicly-archived list <a href="mailto:wai@w3.org?body=%5Binclude%20a%20relevant%20email%20Subject%5D%0A%0A%5Bput%20comment%20here...%5D%0A%0AI%20give%20permission%20to%20share%20this%20to%20a%20publicly-archived%20e-mail%20list.">wai@w3.org</a> or via GitHub.</p> <div class="button-group"> <a href="mailto:wai@w3.org?body=%5Binclude%20a%20relevant%20email%20Subject%5D%0A%0A%5Bput%20comment%20here...%5D%0A%0AI%20give%20permission%20to%20share%20this%20to%20a%20publicly-archived%20e-mail%20list." class="button"><span>E-mail</span></a><a href=" https://github.com/w3c/wai-website/edit/main/pages/fundamentals/people/people-use-web/tools-techniques.md " class="button"><span>Fork & Edit on GitHub</span></a><a href="https://github.com/w3c/wai-website/issues/new?template=content-issue.yml&wai-resource-id=wai-people-use-web&wai-url=https://www.w3.org/WAI/people-use-web/tools-techniques/" class="button"><span>New GitHub Issue</span></a></div></div></aside> <a class="button button-backtotop" href="#top"><span><svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" class="icon-arrow-up "><use xlink:href="/WAI/assets/images/icons.svg#icon-arrow-up"></use></svg> Back to Top</span></a> </main> </div> <footer id="wai-site-footer" class="page-footer default-grid" aria-label="Page"> <div class="inner"><p><strong>Updated:</strong> 25 June 2024. <a href="/WAI/people-use-web/changelog/">Latest changes</a>.<br /> First published as a draft in 1999.</p> <p><strong>Editor:</strong> Shadi Abou-Zahra. Previous editor: Judy Brewer. 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