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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Wine-making in Armenia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Wine-making_in_Armenia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Wine-making in Armenia subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Wine-making_in_Armenia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wine_production_during_the_Soviet_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wine_production_during_the_Soviet_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Wine production during the Soviet era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wine_production_during_the_Soviet_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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<span>Armavir Province</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armavir_Province-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gegharkunik_Province" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gegharkunik_Province"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Gegharkunik Province</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gegharkunik_Province-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kotayk_Province" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kotayk_Province"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.5</span> <span>Kotayk Province</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kotayk_Province-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shirak_Province" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shirak_Province"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.6</span> <span>Shirak Province</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shirak_Province-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syunik_Province" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syunik_Province"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.7</span> <span>Syunik Province</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syunik_Province-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tavush_Province" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tavush_Province"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.8</span> <span>Tavush Province</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tavush_Province-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vayots_Dzor_Province" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vayots_Dzor_Province"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.9</span> <span>Vayots Dzor Province</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vayots_Dzor_Province-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yerevan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yerevan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.10</span> <span>Yerevan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yerevan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Republic_of_Artsakh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republic_of_Artsakh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.11</span> <span>Republic of Artsakh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republic_of_Artsakh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armenian_Wine_Distribution_in_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armenian_Wine_Distribution_in_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.12</span> <span>Armenian Wine Distribution in Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armenian_Wine_Distribution_in_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armenian_Wine_Distribution_in_The_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armenian_Wine_Distribution_in_The_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.13</span> <span>Armenian Wine Distribution in The United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armenian_Wine_Distribution_in_The_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viticulture_en_Arm%C3%A9nie" title="Viticulture en Arménie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Viticulture en Arménie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A8_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Գինեգործությունը Հայաստանում – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գինեգործությունը Հայաստանում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viticoltura_in_Armenia" title="Viticoltura in Armenia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Viticoltura in Armenia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D" title="სომხური ღვინო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სომხური ღვინო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wijnbouw_in_Armeni%C3%AB" title="Wijnbouw in Armenië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wijnbouw in Armenië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wine making in Armenia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Vineyards of Armenia</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_regions" title="List of wine-producing regions">Wine region</a></b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:KhorVirap-view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/KhorVirap-view.jpg/250px-KhorVirap-view.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/KhorVirap-view.jpg/375px-KhorVirap-view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/KhorVirap-view.jpg/500px-KhorVirap-view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sub-regions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Armavir_Province" title="Armavir Province">Armavir Province</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Ararat_Province" title="Ararat Province">Ararat Province</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Vayots_Dzor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vayots Dzor">Vayots Dzor</a><br /> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Artsakh" title="Republic of Artsakh">Artsakh</a>: </p> <a href="/wiki/Hadrut_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadrut Region">Hadrut</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Growing season</th><td class="infobox-data">Cold snowy winters <br /> Warm, dry, sunny summers</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Winkler_index" title="Winkler index">Climate region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">Continental</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Winkler_index#Winkler_index_table" title="Winkler index">Heat units</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Region III, IV, V</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Precipitation (annual average)</th><td class="infobox-data">400–600 mm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Soil conditions</th><td class="infobox-data">Volcanic soil</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total area</th><td class="infobox-data">29,800 km<sup>2</sup> (12,000 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size of planted vineyards</th><td class="infobox-data">1,459 km<sup>2</sup> (1,000 sq mi)<br />Ranked 11th</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Varietals produced</th><td class="infobox-data">Areni,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kangun, Voskehat,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vitis_vinifera" title="Vitis vinifera">Vitis vinifera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinot_noir" title="Pinot noir">Pinot noir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinot_blanc" title="Pinot blanc">Pinot blanc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aligot%C3%A9" title="Aligoté">Aligoté</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madrasa_(grape)" title="Madrasa (grape)">Madrasa (grape)</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Armenian wine</b> is <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a> made in <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> and the Armenian-populated <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Artsakh" title="Republic of Artsakh">Republic of Artsakh</a>, in the region of <a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a>. Armenia is one of the oldest <a href="/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_regions" title="List of wine-producing regions">wine producing regions</a> of the world. In particular, the oldest known winery, <a href="/wiki/Areni-1_winery" title="Areni-1 winery">Areni-1 winery</a>, was found in Armenia's Areni region, which is still known for its wine production and endemic grapes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%B2%D6%85%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%B6%D5%A7%D6%84.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%B2%D6%85%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%B6%D5%A7%D6%84.jpg/220px-%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%B2%D6%85%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%B6%D5%A7%D6%84.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%B2%D6%85%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%B6%D5%A7%D6%84.jpg/330px-%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%B2%D6%85%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%B6%D5%A7%D6%84.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%B2%D6%85%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%B6%D5%A7%D6%84.jpg/440px-%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%B2%D6%85%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%B6%D5%A7%D6%84.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>Celebration of the holiday Khaghoghorhneq at <a href="/wiki/Vagharshapat" title="Vagharshapat">Etchmiadzin</a>, near the gate of Saint Gregory and the open-air altar</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Areni-1_cave_entrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Areni-1_cave_entrance.jpg/220px-Areni-1_cave_entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Areni-1_cave_entrance.jpg/330px-Areni-1_cave_entrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Areni-1_cave_entrance.jpg/440px-Areni-1_cave_entrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Areni-1_cave" title="Areni-1 cave">Areni-1 cave</a> entrance</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg/220px-Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="442" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartian</a> wine pottery</figcaption></figure> <p>Since ancient days <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> has been famous for its wine-making traditions which are still kept in practice to this day. The ancient winery found in the Areni cave dates back to 4100 BC (see <a href="/wiki/Areni-1_winery" title="Areni-1 winery">Areni-1 winery</a>), and is the oldest one in the world found to this date, with the grape seeds found shown by genetic analyses to be those of the already domesticated <a href="/wiki/Vitis_vinifera" title="Vitis vinifera">Vitis vinifera</a>. The written recorded history of Armenian wine can trace its roots back to 401–400 BC, when the <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greek</a> armies led by <a href="/wiki/Xenophon" title="Xenophon">Xenophon</a> passed through Armenian lands and were reportedly treated with wine and beer. These beverages were prepared and stored in "karases" (clay pots). Archaeological excavations carried out by academic Pyatrovski in the 19th and 20th centuries have confirmed that in the 9th century BC, what is modern-day Yerevan was a wine-making centre. Archaeologists have also found wine storehouses with 480 <i>karases</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Teishebaini" title="Teishebaini">Teishebaini</a> fortress located in <a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a>. Each karas can reportedly hold up to 37,000 daL of wine. Excavation works in both the <a href="/wiki/Karmir_Blur" class="mw-redirect" title="Karmir Blur">Karmir Blur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Erebuni_Fortress" title="Erebuni Fortress">Erebuni</a> sites uncovered a total of 10 wine storehouses holding 200 karases. These excavations proved Armenia's ancient wine-making culture. A 3rd to 1st century BCE wine press was discovered near Armenia’s old capitals <a href="/wiki/Armavir,_Armenia" title="Armavir, Armenia">Armavir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dvin_(ancient_city)" title="Dvin (ancient city)">Dvin</a>, and another was discovered near the ruins of the fortress of Garni which was used as the summer residence of <a href="/wiki/Armenian_mythology" title="Armenian mythology">pagan</a>, as well as Christian <a href="/wiki/List_of_Armenian_monarchs" title="List of Armenian monarchs">Armenian kings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Armenia, many holidays, like the water festival <i><a href="/wiki/Vardavar" title="Vardavar">Vardavar</a></i> or the grape blessing festival <i>Khaghoghorhneq</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have their roots in pagan rituals. According to <a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Christian tradition</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus Christ</a> shed his life-giving blood, represented during <a href="/wiki/Christian_holidays" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian holidays">Christian holidays</a> by wine, for the cleansing of the sins of mankind. That is why on Armenian <a href="/wiki/Khachkar" title="Khachkar">cross-stones</a>, the cross is carved as the tree of life, also called the blooming cross, symbolizing the grape vine or a <a href="/wiki/Punica_protopunica" title="Punica protopunica">pomegranate tree</a>. Grapes and pomegranates are also frequently used to decorate cross stones, and are used as ornaments decorating the walls of churches, symbolizing eternity and rebirth. Carvings on <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Armenian_churches" title="Lists of Armenian churches">Armenian churches</a> and cross-stones, as well as paintings in manuscripts, show what importance grapes and <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a> had in medieval <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Armenia" title="Culture of Armenia">Armenian culture</a>. Door frames of churches and the edges of cross-stones often depict embroidered ornaments which look like intertwined grape wines, representing the <a href="/wiki/Garden_of_Eden" title="Garden of Eden">Garden of Eden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As part of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, wine production increased nine times between 1940 and 1985, while <a href="/wiki/Brandy" title="Brandy">brandy</a> production increased seventeen times, and from 1960 to 1986, the production of sparkling wines increased 10 times. In the 1980s Armenia annually processed an average of about 210 thousand tons of grapes from which it received 14–15 million decalitres of <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>. Two million were used in producing brandy; the remaining part was used for wine making. During the 1980s Armenia provided 25% of brandy made in the entire <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. Three quarters of released production was exported mainly to Russia. Many people today still utilise the same methods used three millennials ago, processing grapes and receive wine in special premises. Nowadays most factories in <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> use oak barrels to store wine, however many villages and smaller producers still use the traditional karases. Karases are traditionally made out of Armenian oak, thus giving the karases a pinkish color. Wines from local <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenian</a> grades of grapes adjoining to the surface of the barrels from the Armenian <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a>, give rise to unique a bouquet. This unique combination is very difficult to the point of being almost impossible to reproduce in any other country of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Armenian_mosaic_and_inscr_at_Jerusalem.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Armenian_mosaic_and_inscr_at_Jerusalem.jpg/220px-Armenian_mosaic_and_inscr_at_Jerusalem.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Armenian_mosaic_and_inscr_at_Jerusalem.jpg/330px-Armenian_mosaic_and_inscr_at_Jerusalem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Armenian_mosaic_and_inscr_at_Jerusalem.jpg/440px-Armenian_mosaic_and_inscr_at_Jerusalem.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1397" data-file-height="916" /></a><figcaption>Armenian mosaic and inscription at Jerusalem</figcaption></figure> <p>The fertile valleys of the <a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a>, which Armenia finds itself in, are believed by many <a href="/wiki/Archaeologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeologist">archaeologists</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (August 2016)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> to be the source of the world's first cultivated <a href="/wiki/Grapevine" class="mw-redirect" title="Grapevine">grapevines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">neolithic</a> wine production, over 6100 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Armenian wine played an important role in the history of wine, and it has been suggested that the domestication of the Eurasian grape first occurred in the mountainous regions of Armenia before moving to the south.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During all this time they never stopped making wine. They were one of the main wine producers in the Soviet Union and have since started exporting their wine worldwide. Armenian wine spread to Africa. During the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a> perpetrated by the Ottoman Empire during World War I, some Armenians fled to Ethiopia, where they cultivated vineyards. Many Armenian reds are very sweet and rich..<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During periods of Islamic rule, Armenians were the suppliers of alcoholic beverages, such as wine, to the Muslims, who were not allowed to distill alcohol.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gandzak_Armenia_Wine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gandzak_Armenia_Wine.jpg/220px-Gandzak_Armenia_Wine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gandzak_Armenia_Wine.jpg/330px-Gandzak_Armenia_Wine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gandzak_Armenia_Wine.jpg/440px-Gandzak_Armenia_Wine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1175" data-file-height="1640" /></a><figcaption>Gandzak wine</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2011 archaeologists in Armenia announced the discovery of <a href="/wiki/Areni-1_winery" title="Areni-1 winery">the world's oldest-known wine production facility</a>. Located in the <a href="/wiki/Areni" title="Areni">Areni</a> cave complex, it consists of a shallow basin used to press grapes, a vat for storage, and fermentation jars. They also found grape seeds, remains of <a href="/wiki/Pressed_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pressed (wine)">pressed</a> grapes, and dozens of dried vines. The seeds were from <i><a href="/wiki/Vitis_vinifera" title="Vitis vinifera">Vitis vinifera</a></i>, a grape still used to make wine.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cave remains date to about 4100 BC – 900 years before the earliest comparable wine remains, found in Egyptian tombs.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeologist <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Areshian" title="Gregory Areshian">Gregory Areshian</a> of <a href="/wiki/UCLA" class="mw-redirect" title="UCLA">UCLA</a> says, "The site gives us a new insight into the earliest phase of horticulture—how they grew the first orchards and vineyards."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gregory Areshian, co-director of the excavation and assistant director of the University of California Los Angeles's Cotsen Institute of Archaeology stated that "It's the oldest proven case of documented and dedicated wine production, stretching back the horizons of this important development by thousands of years," <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wine-making_in_Armenia">Wine-making in Armenia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Wine-making in Armenia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wine_production_during_the_Soviet_era">Wine production during the Soviet era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Wine production during the Soviet era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StampUSSR1950CPA1572.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/StampUSSR1950CPA1572.jpg/220px-StampUSSR1950CPA1572.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/StampUSSR1950CPA1572.jpg/330px-StampUSSR1950CPA1572.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/StampUSSR1950CPA1572.jpg/440px-StampUSSR1950CPA1572.jpg 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="315" /></a><figcaption>Grape harvest in the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian SSR">Armenian SSR</a> depicted on a 1950 Soviet stamp.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, specifically during 1930 and 1970, winemaking studies were developed specifically for the <a href="/wiki/Sherry" title="Sherry">sherry</a> type.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The production of sherry type wines had a significant role in the development of viticultural technologies of the Soviet Union. In the regions of the former USSR, sherry type wines were produced in <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krasnodar" title="Krasnodar">Krasnodar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rostov,_Yaroslavl_Oblast" title="Rostov, Yaroslavl Oblast">Rostov</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many scientific sources indicate that during the Soviet Union the production of sherry type wines was mainly focused in Armenia.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The production of sherry wine in Armenia was established by N.N. Prostoserdov and R.L. Afrikyan, two prominent <a href="/wiki/Soviet" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet">Soviet</a> <a href="/wiki/Oenologists" class="mw-redirect" title="Oenologists">oenologists</a>. In 1931 Prostoserdov and Afrikyan discovered that non-hermetic karases (Armenian clay amphorae) produce <a href="/wiki/Pellicle_(cooking)" title="Pellicle (cooking)">pellicles</a>. The reason for the formation of pellicles on the surface of the wine was found to be the Sacch.cheresiensis armeniensis <a href="/wiki/Yeast" title="Yeast">yeast</a> similar to those found in Spanish wines. This discovery thus proved that sherry yeast can be found not only in Spanish but also in wines of other countries. </p><p>Armenian sherry type wines are made from the Voskehat (Kharji) and Chilar ingenious grape varieties. Armenian sherry was considered a high quality wine and was second in volume of production after Armenian <a href="/wiki/Brandy" title="Brandy">brandy</a> production. <i>Ashtarak</i> was the first sherry type wine produced in Soviet Armenia. It was produced by the Ashtarak Wine Factory, subdivisions of which were situated in <a href="/wiki/Oshakan" title="Oshakan">Oshakan</a> and village <a href="/wiki/Voskevaz" title="Voskevaz">Voskevaz</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_status">Current status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Current status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A large number wineries and vineyards are found throughout the provinces of Armenia. Here is a list of wineries/distilleries/producers of alcoholic drinks, classified by the provinces of Armenia: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Aragatsotn_Province"><a href="/wiki/Aragatsotn_Province" title="Aragatsotn Province">Aragatsotn Province</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Aragatsotn Province"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB.jpg/220px-%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB.jpg/330px-%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB.jpg/440px-%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>ArmAs Winery</figcaption></figure> <p>The wine produced in Aragatsotn is mainly from the vineyards located to the south of the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Aragats" title="Mount Aragats">Aragats</a> and Arteni mountains. The village of Voskevaz has an ancient history of wine-making. Many karases were found in the nearby church of <a href="/wiki/Surp_Hovhannes_Church_of_Voskevaz" title="Surp Hovhannes Church of Voskevaz">Surp Hovhannes</a>, dating back to the 7th century.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voskevaz_Winery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voskevaz Winery (page does not exist)">Voskevaz Winery</a>, opened in 1932 in <a href="/wiki/Voskevaz" title="Voskevaz">Voskevaz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces a variety of wine, mainly under the brands Vanakan, Voskevaz, Urzana, Voskehat, Voskevaz Areni Noir, and Chateau Voskevaz. The winery's Voskevaz Areni Noir red dry wine was awarded gold medal at the Mundus Vini 18th Grand International Wine Award, took place in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>ArmAs Winery, opened in 2007 in <a href="/wiki/Nor_Yedesia" title="Nor Yedesia">Nor Yedesia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces a variety of Areni wine under the brand ArmAs.</li> <li>Armenia Wine Winery, opened in 2008 in <a href="/wiki/Sasunik" title="Sasunik">Sasunik</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The factory produces wine under the brands Tariri, Takar and Armenia. It also produces the Armenia Champagne.</li> <li>Hayasy Group, opened in 2011 in <a href="/wiki/Voskevaz" title="Voskevaz">Voskevaz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces a variety of Armenian cognac under the brand Hayasy. It also produces the Hayasy Vodka.</li> <li>Wine House Winery, opened in 2011 in <a href="/wiki/Aghdzk" title="Aghdzk">Aghdzk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces a variety of wine under the brands Sarduri and Old Wine.</li> <li>Van Ardi Winery, opened in 2013 in Sasunik.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces a variety of wine under the brand Van Ardi.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ararat_Province"><a href="/wiki/Ararat_Province" title="Ararat Province">Ararat Province</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ararat Province"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Khor_Virap.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Khor_Virap.jpg/220px-Khor_Virap.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Khor_Virap.jpg/330px-Khor_Virap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Khor_Virap.jpg/440px-Khor_Virap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3861" data-file-height="2574" /></a><figcaption>Vineyards of Artashat</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shahumyan_Vin3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Shahumyan_Vin3.jpg/220px-Shahumyan_Vin3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Shahumyan_Vin3.jpg/330px-Shahumyan_Vin3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Shahumyan_Vin3.jpg/440px-Shahumyan_Vin3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="624" /></a><figcaption>Wine cellars of Shahumyan-Vin Winery</figcaption></figure> <p>The wine produced in Ararat is mainly from the vineyards of the <a href="/wiki/Ararat_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ararat plain">Ararat plain</a>. </p> <ul><li>Aregak Brandy Factory, opened in 1889 in <a href="/wiki/Dalar,_Armenia" title="Dalar, Armenia">Dalar</a>. The factory produces a variety of Armenian cognac under the brands Aregak and Arvest.</li> <li>Ararat Wine Factory, opened in 1903 in <a href="/wiki/Ararat_(village),_Armenia" title="Ararat (village), Armenia">Ararat</a> village. The factory produces a variety of cognac (Vershina Armenia, Strana Kamney, Stariy Kupazh, etc.), wine (Areni and Saperavi), fruit wine and champagne.</li> <li>Artashat Vincon Winery, opened in 1905 in <a href="/wiki/Mkhchyan" title="Mkhchyan">Mkhchyan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cognac is produced mainly under the brands Artashat, Argami, and Artavazd.</li> <li>Ararat Cognac Factory AKZ, opened in 1932 in <a href="/wiki/Avshar,_Ararat" title="Avshar, Ararat">Avshar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The factory produces a variety of Armenian cognac under the brands Grand Sargis, Ariné, Legend of Armenia, etc. It also produces a variety of fruit brandy and fruit wine.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedi_Alco_Winery" title="Vedi Alco Winery">Vedi Alco Winery</a>, opened in 1956 in <a href="/wiki/Ginevet,_Ararat" title="Ginevet, Ararat">Ginevet</a>. The winery produces a variety of wine derived from the grapes of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Areni_(wine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Areni (wine) (page does not exist)">Areni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cahors_wine" title="Cahors wine">Kagor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muscat_(grape)" title="Muscat (grape)">Muscat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saperavi" title="Saperavi">Saperavi</a>, with the most notable brands being Yerevantsi, Getap Vernashen, Hayq, Khoran and Vivat Armenia. Vodka brands of Vedi include Afisha, Senator, and Leader. Cognac brands of Vedi include Duduk and Araks. The winery also produces fruit brandy, fruit vodka and <a href="/wiki/Fruit_wine" title="Fruit wine">fruit wine</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avshar_Wine_Factory" title="Avshar Wine Factory">Avshar Wine Factory</a>, opened in 1968 in <a href="/wiki/Avshar,_Ararat" title="Avshar, Ararat">Avshar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The factory has a variety of Armenian cognac brands, including Avshar, Erivan, Gladzor, Ardvin, Marmara, Tigris, etc. The winner produces the Imperskaya white vodka and a variety of fruit vodka as well.</li> <li>Yeraskh Wine Factory, opened in 1970 in <a href="/wiki/Yeraskh" title="Yeraskh">Yeraskh</a>. The winery produces a variety of wine, cognac and fruit vodka.</li> <li>Van 777 Winery, opened in 1992 in <a href="/wiki/Taperakan" title="Taperakan">Taperakan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cognac is produced under the Arnak and Airen brands, while the wine variety is produced under the brand Tushpa.</li> <li>Agatat-Gold Winery, opened in 2007 in <a href="/wiki/Nor_Kyurin" title="Nor Kyurin">Nor Kyurin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces a variety of Armenian cognac with the main brands being Old Kilikia, Arseni, and Artashavan. Wine, vodka and fruit vodka are also produced under the brand Kilikia.</li> <li>Shato Arno Winery, opened in 2002 in <a href="/wiki/Ayntap,_Armenia" title="Ayntap, Armenia">Ayntap</a>. The winery produces a variety of Armenian cognac including Shato Arno, Armiansky Standard and Armianskoe Zoloto. A variety of Kakheti, Kharji, Areni and Muskat wine is also produced by the winery under the brand Arzakan.</li> <li>Mrganush Brandy Factory, opened in 2002 in <a href="/wiki/Mrganush" title="Mrganush">Mrganush</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cognac is produced under the brand Mrganush. Vodka and fruit vodka are produced under the brand Abri.</li> <li>Tavinko Winery, opened in 2006 in <a href="/wiki/Taperakan" title="Taperakan">Taperakan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company produces a variety of Armenian cognac under the brands Amaras, Karot, Maré, etc. A variety of wine is also produced by the winery.</li> <li>Shahumyan-Vin Winery, opened in 2006 in <a href="/wiki/Shahumyan,_Ararat" title="Shahumyan, Ararat">Shahumyan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A variety of wine, cognac and vodka is produced by the winery.</li> <li>Shaumyan Alco opened in 2007 in <a href="/wiki/Artashat,_Armenia" title="Artashat, Armenia">Artashat</a>. The company produces a variety of Armenian cognac under the brand Grand Nariné. The winery produces a variety of fruit vodka as well.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sis Alco Distillery, opened in 2007 in <a href="/wiki/Hayanist" title="Hayanist">Hayanist</a>. Vodka and fruit vodka is produced by the distillery.</li> <li>Abrikon Distillery, opened in 2010 in <a href="/wiki/Ararat_(village),_Armenia" title="Ararat (village), Armenia">Ararat</a> village.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company produces a variety of apricot vodka and apricot brandy under the brand Abrikon.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proshyan_Brandy_Factory" title="Proshyan Brandy Factory">Proshyan Brandy Factory</a>-Aygestan Branch, in <a href="/wiki/Aygestan" title="Aygestan">Aygestan</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Armavir_Province"><a href="/wiki/Armavir_Province" title="Armavir Province">Armavir Province</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Armavir Province"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg/170px-Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg/255px-Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Urartian_Wine_Pottery01a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="442" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartian</a> wine pottery known as <i>karas</i> in Armenian, from <a href="/wiki/Argishtikhinili_(ancient_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Argishtikhinili (ancient city)">Argishtikhinili</a> of <a href="/wiki/Armavir_Province" title="Armavir Province">Armavir</a>, dating back to the 8th century BC</figcaption></figure> <p>The ancient city of <a href="/wiki/Argishtikhinili_(ancient_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Argishtikhinili (ancient city)">Argishtikhinili</a> located within the territories of Ararat province, was a major centre for wine production. Large storage areas for wine and grains were found by archaeologists within the fortifications of the ancient town dating back to the 8th century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Alekseev1968_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alekseev1968-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wine produced in Armavir is mainly from the vineyards of the <a href="/wiki/Ararat_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ararat plain">Ararat plain</a>. </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Echmiadzin_Winery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echmiadzin Winery (page does not exist)">Echmiadzin Winery</a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" class="extiw" title="hy:Էջմիածնի գինու գործարան">hy</a>]</sup> (SarKop Company) for wine, cognac and vodka, opened in 1928 in <a href="/wiki/Vagharshapat" title="Vagharshapat">Vagharshapat</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAP_Wine_and_Brandy_Factory" title="MAP Wine and Brandy Factory">MAP Winery</a> for cognac and wine, opened in 1942 in <a href="/wiki/Lenughi" title="Lenughi">Lenughi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerevan_Brandy_Company" title="Yerevan Brandy Company">Yerevan Brandy Company</a>-Armavir branch, opened in 1966 in <a href="/wiki/Armavir,_Armenia" title="Armavir, Armenia">Armavir</a>.</li> <li>Merdzavan Brandy Factory for cognac, wine and vodka, opened in 1998 in <a href="/wiki/Merdzavan" title="Merdzavan">Merdzavan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Karas Wines (Tierras de Armenia Vineyards) for wine, opened in 2003 in <a href="/wiki/Arevadasht" title="Arevadasht">Arevadasht</a>.</li> <li>Winar Winery (Brest Wine Factory) for wine, opened in 2004 in <a href="/wiki/Norapat" title="Norapat">Norapat</a>.</li> <li>Armen Alco for cognac, vodka and wine, opened in 2008 in <a href="/wiki/Aygeshat,_Vagharshapat" class="mw-redirect" title="Aygeshat, Vagharshapat">Aygeshat</a>.</li> <li>Voskeni Wines, opened in 2008 in <a href="/wiki/Araks,_Armavir" class="mw-redirect" title="Araks, Armavir">Araks</a>. The winery produces red and white wine labeled as Voskeni Wines.</li> <li>Interalco Winery, opened in 2014 in <a href="/wiki/Aygeshat,_Armavir" class="mw-redirect" title="Aygeshat, Armavir">Aygeshat</a>. The winery produces Armenian cognac under the brands Kartlos, Haos, and Japheth.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Alluria Wines, opened in 2016 in <a href="/wiki/Vagharshapat" title="Vagharshapat">Vagharshapat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces red and white wine labeled as Alluria.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proshyan_Brandy_Factory" title="Proshyan Brandy Factory">Proshyan Brandy Factory</a>-Armavir village branch, for cognac, wine and vodka, in <a href="/wiki/Armavir_(village)" title="Armavir (village)">Armavir</a>.</li> <li>Zvartnots Wine, opened in 2017 in <a href="/wiki/Vagharshapat" title="Vagharshapat">Vagharshapat</a>.The boutique winery produces red, white and rose wines under <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zartwines.com">Z'art</a> brand name.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gegharkunik_Province"><a href="/wiki/Gegharkunik_Province" title="Gegharkunik Province">Gegharkunik Province</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gegharkunik Province"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Samelon Vardenis Winery, opened in 2000 in <a href="/wiki/Vardenis" title="Vardenis">Vardenis</a>. The company produces a variety of Armenian wine and fruit vodka.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kotayk_Province"><a href="/wiki/Kotayk_Province" title="Kotayk Province">Kotayk Province</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Kotayk Province"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Yeghvard Wine-Brandy Factory, opened in 1966 in <a href="/wiki/Yeghvard" title="Yeghvard">Yeghvard</a>. The company produces a variety of wine and Armenian cognac.</li> <li>Samcon Brandy Factory, opened in 1998 in <a href="/wiki/Abovyan" title="Abovyan">Abovyan</a>. The company has a collection of Armenian cognac under the brands Ti Aspetto, Karin, and Shushi.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Byuregh Alco Winery, opened in 1996 in <a href="/wiki/Byureghavan" title="Byureghavan">Byureghavan</a>. The winery produces a variety of vodka under the brands Champion, Byuregh, Marshal, etc. The company also produces a variety of Armenian cognac under the brands Harutyun, and Ishkhan. Wine is also produced under the brands Znaberd, Arshaluys, Karmir, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ptghni Gold Winery, opened in 1996 in <a href="/wiki/Ptghni" title="Ptghni">Ptghni</a>. The company produces a variety of wine and liquor.</li> <li>Glanzh Alco Winery, opened in 2003 in <a href="/wiki/Aramus,_Armenia" title="Aramus, Armenia">Aramus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces a variety of Armenian cognac under the brands Glanzh, Manazkert, and Arse. It also produces a variety of Kagor, Areni, Muskat, Saperavi and Voskehat wine as well as pomegranate wine.</li> <li>Rukar Group for vodka and calvados, opened in 2010 in <a href="/wiki/Verin_Ptghni" title="Verin Ptghni">Verin Ptghni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company produces fruit vodka under the brands Tet-A-tet, Shivini, and Dlya Druzey. It also produces <a href="/wiki/Calvados" title="Calvados">calvados</a> under the brand Carvani.</li> <li>Shahnazaryan Wine-Brandy House, opened in 2011 in <a href="/wiki/Yeghvard" title="Yeghvard">Yeghvard</a>. The winery produces a variety of cognac under the brands Armyanski Cognac, Gayaso, Zhemchuzhina Armeniy, Shanazaryan, etc. It also produces vodka and wine.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Helias Vineyards, opened in 2013 in <a href="/wiki/Dzoraghbyur" title="Dzoraghbyur">Dzoraghbyur</a>. The winery produces the Helias Roubin red dry wine, the Helias Pearl white dry wine, and the Helias Reserve red dry wine.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Shirak_Province"><a href="/wiki/Shirak_Province" title="Shirak Province">Shirak Province</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Shirak Province"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Shirak Wine, opened in 2009 in <a href="/wiki/Shirakavan,_Armenia" title="Shirakavan, Armenia">Shirakavan</a>. The factory produces a variety of wine under the brand Kumayri.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Syunik_Province"><a href="/wiki/Syunik_Province" title="Syunik Province">Syunik Province</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Syunik Province"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Freedom Distillery, opened in 2014 in <a href="/wiki/Norashenik" title="Norashenik">Norashenik</a>. The factory produces a variety of fruit vodka under the brand Kashuni.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tavush_Province"><a href="/wiki/Tavush_Province" title="Tavush Province">Tavush Province</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Tavush Province"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ijevan_vineyards.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Ijevan_vineyards.jpg/220px-Ijevan_vineyards.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Ijevan_vineyards.jpg/330px-Ijevan_vineyards.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Ijevan_vineyards.jpg/440px-Ijevan_vineyards.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="672" /></a><figcaption>Ijevan vineyards</figcaption></figure> <p>The wine produced in Tavush is mainly from the vineyards of the <a href="/wiki/Aghstafa_(river)" title="Aghstafa (river)">Aghstev</a> river valley. Modern <a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">viticulture</a> in the Tavush region has been developed since the 1950s. However, the Ijevan winery is particularly famous for its pomegranate wine.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Berdavan Wine Factory, opened in 1946 in <a href="/wiki/Berdavan,_Armenia" title="Berdavan, Armenia">Berdavan</a>. The factory produces a variety of wine, fruit wine and fruit vodka.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijevan_Wine-Brandy_Factory" title="Ijevan Wine-Brandy Factory">Ijevan Wine-Brandy Factory</a>, opened in 1951 in <a href="/wiki/Ijevan" title="Ijevan">Ijevan</a>. The factory produces a large number of well-known wine brands including Sargon, Ijevan, and Khachkar. The factory also produces a variety of Armenian cognac including King Abgar, Nemrut, Arqa, Vanuhi and Old Ijevan.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vayots_Dzor_Province"><a href="/wiki/Vayots_Dzor_Province" title="Vayots Dzor Province">Vayots Dzor Province</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Vayots Dzor Province"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vayots Dzor is one of the ancient regions that produce wine in the Caucasus. The wine produced from the Vayots Dzor vineyards – particularly from the region of <a href="/wiki/Areni" title="Areni">Areni</a> – is known as <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Areni_wine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Areni wine (page does not exist)">Areni wine</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vayots Dzor is home to the annual <i>Areni wine festival</i> launched in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Getap Wine Factory-<a href="/wiki/Vedi_Alco_Winery" title="Vedi Alco Winery">Vedi Alco Winery</a> branch, opened in 1938 in <a href="/wiki/Getap,_Vayots_Dzor" title="Getap, Vayots Dzor">Getap</a>. Getap winery is operated as a branch of the <a href="/wiki/Vedi_Alco_Winery" title="Vedi Alco Winery">Vedi Alco Winery</a>.</li> <li>Areni Wine Factory, opened in 1994 in <a href="/wiki/Areni" title="Areni">Areni</a>. A variety of red Areni is produced by the winery under the brands Vayots Dzor, Lernashen, and St. Etchmiadzin.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rind_Vineyard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Rind_Vineyard.jpg/220px-Rind_Vineyard.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Rind_Vineyard.jpg/330px-Rind_Vineyard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Rind_Vineyard.jpg/440px-Rind_Vineyard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="548" /></a><figcaption>Zorah Wines vineyards</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Old Bridge Winery, opened in 1998 in <a href="/wiki/Yeghegnadzor" title="Yeghegnadzor">Yeghegnadzor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company produces a variety of red Areni and white Voskehat wine under the brand Old Bridge.</li> <li>Getnatoun Winery, opened in 1999 in Yeghegnadzor.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces a variety of wine under the brands Getnatoun, Vernasehn, Nariné, and Elen.</li> <li>Vayk Group Winery, opened in 2000 in <a href="/wiki/Vayk" title="Vayk">Vayk</a>. The winery produces wine under the brands Zakaré, Areni Vayk, and Lusiné.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apricot Vodka is also produced by the winery.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Matevosyan Wine, opened in 2001 in <a href="/wiki/Aghavnadzor,_Vayots_Dzor" title="Aghavnadzor, Vayots Dzor">Aghavnadzor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces the Matevosyan Wine of the Areni grapes, as well as the Matevosyan Pomegranate Wine.</li> <li>Zorah Wines, opened in 2001 in <a href="/wiki/Rind,_Armenia" title="Rind, Armenia">Rind</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces Areni wine under the brands Karasi, Voski, and Yereaz. The company's <i>2010 Zorah Karasi Areni Noir</i> was ranked in the 2012 Bloomberg's top 10 list.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Areni Wine Winery, opened in 2003 in Areni. The winery produces red Areni under the brands Areni Wine and Areni Country, as well as white Areni under the brand Sun Areni.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hin_Areni_wine_factory.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hin_Areni_wine_factory.jpg/220px-Hin_Areni_wine_factory.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hin_Areni_wine_factory.jpg/330px-Hin_Areni_wine_factory.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hin_Areni_wine_factory.jpg/440px-Hin_Areni_wine_factory.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3252" data-file-height="2028" /></a><figcaption>Hin Areni Winery</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Areni Vineyards, opened in 2007 in Areni.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The winery produces a variety of red Areni and white Voskehat wine under the brand Hin Areni.Their brands are Trinity Eh, 6100, Ancestors' and Crossroads. The Trinity Ancestors is a natural red and <a href="/wiki/Skin-contact_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Skin-contact wine">amber wine</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Yerevan"><a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Yerevan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeological excavations carried out by Pyatrovski in the 19th and 20th centuries have confirmed that in the area of modern-day Yerevan was a wine making and producing region as early as the 9th century BC. In the <a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartian</a> fortress of <a href="/wiki/Teishebaini" title="Teishebaini">Teishebaini</a> near Yerevan, archaeologists found a wine storehouse with 480 <i>karases</i> (wine potteries), which hold 37,000 daL of wine. During excavations in the most ancient settlements of Erebuni/Yerevan, including the <i>Karmir Blur</i> site and the <a href="/wiki/Erebuni_Fortress" title="Erebuni Fortress">Erebuni Fortress</a> of 782 BC, archaeologists found 10 wine storehouses in which more than 200 <i>karases</i> were kept. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB-%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82-%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB-%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82-%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF_%281%29.JPG/220px-%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB-%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82-%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB-%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82-%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF_%281%29.JPG/330px-%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB-%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82-%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF_%281%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB-%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82-%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF_%281%29.JPG/440px-%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB-%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82-%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BF_%281%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yerevan_Ararat_Brandy_Factory" title="Yerevan Ararat Brandy Factory">Yerevan Ararat Brandy</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yerevan_Ararat_Brandy_Factory" title="Yerevan Ararat Brandy Factory">Yerevan Ararat Brandy Factory</a>, opened in 1877 in Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The factory produces the famous brands of <a href="/wiki/Noy_(brandy)" title="Noy (brandy)">Noy</a> and Kremlin Award.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yerevan_Brandy_Company_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Yerevan_Brandy_Company_1.jpg/220px-Yerevan_Brandy_Company_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Yerevan_Brandy_Company_1.jpg/330px-Yerevan_Brandy_Company_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Yerevan_Brandy_Company_1.jpg/440px-Yerevan_Brandy_Company_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4864" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>The cognac cellars of the Yerevan Brandy Company</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yerevan_Brandy_Company" title="Yerevan Brandy Company">Yerevan Brandy Company</a>, opened in 1887 in Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company produces a series of Armenian cognac known as <a href="/wiki/ArArAt_(brandy)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArArAt (brandy)">ArArAt</a>, including Erebuni, Nairi, Tonakan, Vaspurakan, etc.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerevan_Champagne_Wines_Factory" title="Yerevan Champagne Wines Factory">Yerevan Champagne</a>, opened in 1939 in Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The factory produces a large variety of wine, fruit wine, cognac, vodka and champagne. Main wine brands include Hayk Nahapet, Renaissance, Anna, and Lilit. Armenian cognac is produced under the brands Pride of Armenia, Voske Dar, Frans, Naré, and Trdat. Vodka brands include Mujik and Russkaya Nakhodka. Semi dry, red sparkling, dry and semisweet champagne are all produced by the factory under the brand <i>Armenian Champagne</i>.</li> <li>Armco Wine-Brandy Factory, opened in 1972 in Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The factory produces the cognac brands of Mother Armenia, Evening Yerevan, and the Armco Brandy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proshyan_Brandy_Factory" title="Proshyan Brandy Factory">Proshyan Brandy Factory</a>, opened in 1980 in <a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a>. It produces a large variety of cognac, champagne, wine and vodka. The company's most famous brand is the Mané brandy.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other famous cognac brands include Khent, Charents, Vardan Mamikonyan, King Pap, Queen Tamara, etc. The company also produces the Spitak Yerevan champagne, Partez and Proshyan wine, the vodka brands of Generalskaya, Kalina Krasnaya, Russa, and Alaska, along with the Hookup vodka cocktail.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Maran Winery, opened in 1992 in Yerevan. A variety of wine is produced under the brands St. Anna, Zarm, Noravank, Bagratuni, and Arpa. Areni wine is produced under the brands Areni Maran, Areni Malishka and Areni Yeghegnadzor, while <a href="/wiki/Pinot_(grape)" title="Pinot (grape)">Pinot</a> wine is produced as Avagini Rouge and Avagini Blanc. Pomegranate wine is produced as M. Parajanov, while apricot wine is branded as Maran Apricot. The winery also produces a variety of fruit vodka labeled as Bark.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company's Bagratuni red dry wine received a bronze medal in the 2014 Decanter World Wine Awards.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Arabkir Alco, opened in 2003 in Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The distillery is the producer of Barov vodka, as well as fruit vodka under the brands Arabkir and Hin Arabkir.</li> <li>Gevorkian Winery, opened in 2006 in Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the producer of 365 Wines, Mi Tas Wine and Ariats Wine.</li> <li>Alex Grig Alcohol Plant, opened in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The distillery produces a variety of vodka and ouzo. It also produces whiskey since 2014, under the brands Mac Alex and Mac Grant.</li> <li>Astafian Wine-Brandy Factory, opened in 2008 in Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The factory is the producer of the cognac brands Astafian, Aregi, and Hatis. The company also produces wine under the brands Villa Wine, Amor, and Artuyt. Vodka is also produced by the company under the brands Molière, Beli Gorod, and Molka.</li> <li>Jerandevu Winery, opened in 2014. The winery is the producer of Qotot Wines.</li> <li>Highland Cellars, opened in 2014. The company is the producer of Koor Wines.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Arssi Alliance, opened in 2015 in Yerevan. The distillery is the producer of H<sub>2</sub>O, Godfather, and No Problem vodka brands.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kensatu Distillary, opened in 2017 in Yerevan. The distillery is the producer of the Kensatu vodka and fruit vodka brand.</li> <li>Beroia Distillary, opened in 2017 in Yerevan. The distillery is the producer of the Beroia <a href="/wiki/Arak_(drink)" title="Arak (drink)">arak</a> and vodka brand.</li> <li>Yerevan has also attracted foreign investment with the indo-armenian Yog Wines being opened in the year 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Republic_of_Artsakh"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Artsakh" title="Republic of Artsakh">Republic of Artsakh</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Republic of Artsakh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Artsakh_(historic_province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Artsakh (historic province)">Artsakh</a> is the 10th province of the historic <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Armenia_(antiquity)" title="Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)">Kingdom of Armenia</a>. The region is known for wine-making since ancient times, especially the southern part where the Artsakh vineyards are mainly found. It is home to the Sireni grape variety. The climate of the region combined with its fertile soil allows to produce a unique variety of grapes, at an average height of 800 meters above <a href="/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level">sea level</a>. Many wine karases (jugs) dating back to the 7th century, were found in the archaeological sites near the village of <a href="/wiki/Tu%C4%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuğ">Togh</a>. </p> <ul><li>Stepanakert Brandy Factory, operating since 1931 in <a href="/wiki/Stepanakert" title="Stepanakert">Stepanakert</a> with branches in Yerevan, <a href="/wiki/Khojavend_(town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Khojavend (town)">Martuni</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qirmizi_Bazar_(Azerbaijan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Qirmizi Bazar (Azerbaijan)">Karmir Shuka</a>. The company produces a variety of cognac under the brand <i>Madatoff</i>, wine under the brand <i>Berdashen</i>, and fruit vodka under the brand <i>Karabakh</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Artsakh Brandy Company, opened in 1998 in <a href="/wiki/Ball%C4%B1ca,_Khojali" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballıca, Khojali">Aygestan</a> village of <a href="/wiki/Askeran_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Askeran Region">Askeran Region</a>. The factory produces a variety of cognac under the brand <i>Artsakh Ohanyan</i>, fruit brandy under the brand <i>Artsakh</i>, wine under the brand <i>Artsakh Shushi</i>, and vodka under the brand <i>Ohanyan</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kataro Winery of Anush-1 Company, opened in 2010 in <a href="/wiki/Tu%C4%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuğ">Togh</a> village of <a href="/wiki/Hadrut_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadrut Region">Hadrut Region</a>. The winery produces a variety of Sireni wine from the vineyards of Artsakh, under the brand <i>Kataro</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mika-Hadrut Winery, in <a href="/wiki/Hadrut" title="Hadrut">Hadrut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hadrut_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadrut Region">Hadrut Region</a>, produces a variety of cognac, wine and vodka under the brand <i>Mika</i>.</li> <li>Askeran Wine, in <a href="/wiki/Askeran" title="Askeran">Askeran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Askeran_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Askeran Region">Askeran Region</a>, for wine and vodka.</li> <li>Aragil Winery, in <a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C9%99k%C9%99r,_Khojavend" class="mw-redirect" title="Şəkər, Khojavend">Shekher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martuni_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Martuni Region">Martuni Region</a>, produces APRIS Wines. The winery produces a variety of Sireni and Gratiesti wines from the vineyards of Artsakh.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Balasanyan Winery, in <a href="/wiki/Askeran" title="Askeran">Askeran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Askeran_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Askeran Region">Askeran Region</a>, produces the <i>Tat U Pap</i> wine and vodka.</li> <li>Lia Cooperative, in <a href="/wiki/Aghdara_(town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aghdara (town)">Martakert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martakert_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Martakert Region">Martakert Region</a>, produces the <i>Martakert</i> wine.</li> <li>Hayrapetyan Brothers Winery, in <a href="/wiki/Qirmizi_Bazar_(Azerbaijan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Qirmizi Bazar (Azerbaijan)">Karmir Shuka</a> village of <a href="/wiki/Martuni_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Martuni Region">Martuni Region</a>, produces a variety of wine.</li> <li>Piank Winery, in <a href="/wiki/Khramort" title="Khramort">Khramort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Askeran_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Askeran Region">Askeran Region</a>, produces the <i>Vanqasar</i> wine.</li> <li>Tnjri-2000" Cooperative, in <a href="/wiki/Khojavend_(town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Khojavend (town)">Martuni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martuni_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Martuni Region">Martuni Region</a>, produces a variety of wine.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Armenian_Wine_Distribution_in_Europe">Armenian Wine Distribution in Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Armenian Wine Distribution in Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Armenian Wines Online Shop <sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Armenian Wines – Heres Wine – World's oldest wines by Sona Shaboyan – Online Shop <sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Armenian_Wine_Distribution_in_The_United_States">Armenian Wine Distribution in The United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Armenian Wine Distribution in The United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Storica, founded in 2020, imports and distributes exclusively Armenian wine in the US.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notable among its offerings is a rosé produced from the Areni grape.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_wine&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/22px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/30px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="948" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wine" title="Portal:Wine">Wine portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg/16px-Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg/24px-Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg.png 1.5x, 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBabayan2014" class="citation news cs1">Babayan, Knar (May 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hetq.am/eng/news/54717/made-in-artsakh-kataro-wine-breaks-into-armenian-and-russian-markets.html">"Made in Artsakh: Kataro Wine Breaks Into Armenian and Russian Markets"</a>.</cite><span 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Indiana University Press. 2001. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0253337047" title="Special:BookSources/978-0253337047"><bdi>978-0253337047</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armenian+Folk+Arts%2C+Culture%2C+and+Identity&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0253337047&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmenian+wine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160323165048/http://www.winar.am/en/about/armenia.htm">"History of Armenian Wines"</a>. Winar. 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Schmid, "Researchers Find Oldest Known Winery In Cave In Armenian Mountains", The Associated Press, January 10, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gadling.com/2011/01/12/archaeologists-discover-worlds-oldest-wine-press-in-armenia/">"Archaeologists discover world's oldest wine press in Armenia"</a>. 12 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archaeologists+discover+world%27s+oldest+wine+press+in+Armenia&rft.date=2011-01-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgadling.com%2F2011%2F01%2F12%2Farchaeologists-discover-worlds-oldest-wine-press-in-armenia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmenian+wine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHotz2011" class="citation news cs1">Hotz, Robert Lee (11 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704458204576074141252276326">"Perhaps a Red, 4,100 B.C."</a> <i>Wall Street Journal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-04-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Earliest+Known+Winery+Found+in+Armenian+Cave&rft.pub=National+Geographic+News&rft.date=2011-01-12&rft.au=James+Owen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalgeographic.com%2Fnews%2F2011%2F01%2F110111-oldest-wine-press-making-winery-armenia-science-ucla%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmenian+wine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110129033843/http://articles.cnn.com/2011-01-12/living/oldest.winery_1_wine-production-uncorking-grape?_s=PM:LIVING">"Scientists discover 'oldest' winery in Armenian cave – CNN"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scientists+discover+%27oldest%27+winery+in+Armenian+cave+%E2%80%93+CNN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.cnn.com%2F2011-01-12%2Fliving%2Foldest.winery_1_wine-production-uncorking-grape%3F_s%3DPM%3ALIVING&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmenian+wine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151006191427/http://www.voskevaz.am/en/sherry-wine-in-armenia/">"Sherry wine in Armenia"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voskevaz.am/en/sherry-wine-in-armenia/">the original</a> on 2015-10-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-10-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sherry+wine+in+Armenia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.voskevaz.am%2Fen%2Fsherry-wine-in-armenia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmenian+wine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aboutsherry.info/sovietsherries">Soviet sherries</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://puh.info/production/ussr/armenian/armenian.html">USSR Wine Production</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170120201719/http://www.voskevaz.am/en/about-us/">"About the Voskevaz Winery"</a>. 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ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wines" title="Template:Wines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wines" title="Template talk:Wines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">Wine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">Viticulture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annual_growth_cycle_of_grapevines" title="Annual growth cycle of grapevines">Annual growth cycle of grapevines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenology" title="Oenology">Oenology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitis#Species" title="Vitis">Species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">Terroir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veraison" title="Veraison">Veraison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vineyard" title="Vineyard">Vineyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ancient <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenicians_and_wine" title="Phoenicians and wine">Phoenicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece_and_wine" title="Ancient Greece and wine">Ancient Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome_and_wine" title="Ancient Rome and wine">Ancient Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_in_China" title="Wine in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_wine" title="Noah's wine">Noah's wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_French_wine" title="History of French wine">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_French_Wine_Blight" title="Great French Wine Blight">Great French Wine Blight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_wine#History" title="Georgian wine">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_wine" title="New World wine">New World</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judgment_of_Paris_(wine)" title="Judgment of Paris (wine)">Judgment of Paris</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_wine" title="Red wine">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_wine" title="White wine">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparkling_wine" title="Sparkling wine">Sparkling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ros%C3%A9" title="Rosé">Rosé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_wine" title="Orange wine">Orange</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dessert_wine" title="Dessert wine">Dessert</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortified_wine" title="Fortified wine">Fortified</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_wine" title="Ice wine">Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromatised_wine" title="Aromatised wine">Aromatized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_wine" title="Fruit wine">Fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_rot" title="Noble rot">Noble rot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straw_wine" title="Straw wine">Straw</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Table_wine" title="Table wine">Table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_wine" title="Natural wine">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodynamic_wine" title="Biodynamic wine">Biodynamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_wine" title="Organic wine">Organic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosher_wine" title="Kosher wine">Kosher</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Top <a href="/wiki/List_of_grape_varieties" title="List of grape varieties">grape varieties</a><br />by acreage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_wine" title="White wine">White</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air%C3%A9n" title="Airén">Airén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aligot%C3%A9" title="Aligoté">Aligoté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catarratto" title="Catarratto">Catarratto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayetana_blanca" title="Cayetana blanca">Cayetana blanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chardonnay" title="Chardonnay">Chardonnay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenin_blanc" title="Chenin blanc">Chenin blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombard" title="Colombard">Colombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glera_(grape)" title="Glera (grape)">Glera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BCner_Veltliner" title="Grüner Veltliner">Grüner Veltliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macabeo" title="Macabeo">Macabeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCller-Thurgau" title="Müller-Thurgau">Müller-Thurgau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_Blanc_%C3%A0_Petits_Grains" title="Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains">Muscat blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_of_Alexandria" title="Muscat of Alexandria">Muscat of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palomino_(grape)" title="Palomino (grape)">Palomino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riesling" title="Riesling">Riesling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rkatsiteli" title="Rkatsiteli">Rkatsiteli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sauvignon_blanc" title="Sauvignon blanc">Sauvignon blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9millon" title="Sémillon">Sémillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trebbiano" title="Trebbiano">Trebbiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welschriesling" title="Welschriesling">Welschriesling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Red_wine" title="Red wine">Red</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alicante_Bouschet" title="Alicante Bouschet">Alicante Bouschet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbera" title="Barbera">Barbera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobal" title="Bobal">Bobal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabernet_Franc" title="Cabernet Franc">Cabernet Franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabernet_Sauvignon" title="Cabernet Sauvignon">Cabernet Sauvignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carignan" title="Carignan">Carignan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinsaut" title="Cinsaut">Cinsaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douce_noir" title="Douce noir">Douce noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamay" title="Gamay">Gamay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenache" title="Grenache">Grenache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_(grape)" title="Isabella (grape)">Isabella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malbec" title="Malbec">Malbec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlot" title="Merlot">Merlot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montepulciano_(grape)" title="Montepulciano (grape)">Montepulciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourv%C3%A8dre" title="Mourvèdre">Mourvèdre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinot_noir" title="Pinot noir">Pinot noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangiovese" title="Sangiovese">Sangiovese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrah" title="Syrah">Syrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempranillo" title="Tempranillo">Tempranillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinfandel" title="Zinfandel">Zinfandel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_regions" title="List of wine-producing regions">Major regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_World_wine" title="Old World wine">Old World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_wine" title="New World wine">New World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Packaging, <a href="/wiki/Wine_accessory" title="Wine accessory">accessories</a>,<br />and <a href="/wiki/Storage_of_wine" title="Storage of wine">storage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_wine_closure" title="Alternative wine closure">Alternative wine closure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_wine" title="Box wine">Box wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corkscrew" title="Corkscrew">Corkscrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decanter" title="Decanter">Decanter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jug_wine" title="Jug wine">Jug wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvevri" title="Kvevri">Kvevri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muselet" title="Muselet">Muselet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_tongs" title="Port tongs">Port tongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_cap_(wine)" title="Screw cap (wine)">Screw cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_bottle" title="Wine bottle">Wine bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cave" title="Wine cave">Wine cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cellar" title="Wine cellar">Wine cellar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cork" title="Wine cork">Wine cork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_dispenser" title="Wine dispenser">Wine dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_glass" title="Wine glass">Wine glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_label" title="Wine label">Wine label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_rack" title="Wine rack">Wine rack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wine_chemistry" title="Wine chemistry">Wine chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aroma_of_wine" title="Aroma of wine">Aroma of wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acids_in_wine" title="Acids in wine">Acids in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenolic_content_in_wine" title="Phenolic content in wine">Phenolic content in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteins_in_wine" title="Proteins in wine">Proteins in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugars_in_wine" title="Sugars in wine">Sugars in wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classification_of_wine" title="Classification of wine">Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenophilia" title="Oenophilia">Oenophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sommelier" title="Sommelier">Sommelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_and_food_pairing" title="Wine and food pairing">Wine and food pairing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_fault" title="Wine fault">Wine fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_fraud" title="Wine fraud">Wine fraud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winemaker" title="Winemaker">Winemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine_personalities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of wine personalities">Wine personalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting" title="Wine tasting">Wine tasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting_descriptors" title="Wine tasting descriptors">Wine tasting descriptors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/8px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/13px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/17px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="948" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wine" title="Portal:Wine">Wine portal</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_wine" title="Outline of wine">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_wine_terms" title="Glossary of wine terms">Glossary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Winemaking" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Winemaking" title="Template:Winemaking"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Winemaking" title="Template talk:Winemaking"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Winemaking" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Winemaking"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winemaking" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Winemaking" title="Winemaking">Winemaking</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvest_(wine)" title="Harvest (wine)">Harvest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late_harvest_wine" title="Late harvest wine">Late harvest wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_rot" title="Noble rot">Noble rot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage" title="Vintage">Vintage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pressing_(wine)" title="Pressing (wine)">Pressing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acids_in_wine" title="Acids in wine">Deacidification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destemming" class="mw-redirect" title="Destemming">Destemming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaptalization" title="Chaptalization">Chaptalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_press" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine press">Wine press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maceration_(wine)" title="Maceration (wine)">Maceration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbonic_maceration" title="Carbonic maceration">Carbonic maceration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fermentation_in_winemaking" title="Fermentation in winemaking">Fermentation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malolactic_fermentation" title="Malolactic fermentation">Malolactic fermentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparkling_wine_production" title="Sparkling wine production">Sparkling wine production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugars_in_wine" title="Sugars in wine">Sugars in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCssreserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Süssreserve">Süssreserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_method" title="Traditional method">Traditional method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeast_assimilable_nitrogen" title="Yeast assimilable nitrogen">Yeast assimilable nitrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeast_in_winemaking" title="Yeast in winemaking">Yeast in winemaking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_wine" title="Aging of wine">Aging</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oak_(wine)" title="Oak (wine)">Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solera" title="Solera">Solera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cellar" title="Wine cellar">Wine cellar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other steps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarification_and_stabilization_of_wine" title="Clarification and stabilization of wine">Clarification and stabilization of wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winery" title="Winery">Winery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_bottle" title="Wine bottle">Wine bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_viticulture_terms" title="Glossary of viticulture terms">Glossary of viticulture terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_winemaking_terms" title="Glossary of winemaking terms">Glossary of winemaking terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting_descriptors" title="Wine tasting descriptors">Wine tasting descriptors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_wine_press" title="History of the wine press">History of the wine press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">History of wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">Terroir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/8px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/13px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/17px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="948" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wine" title="Portal:Wine">Wine portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Armenia_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Armenia_topics" title="Template:Armenia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Armenia_topics" title="Template talk:Armenia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Armenia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Armenia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Armenia_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Armenia-related_articles" title="Index of Armenia-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Armenia" title="History of Armenia">History</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Armenian_history" title="Timeline of Armenian history">timeline</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Early</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Armenians" title="Origin of the Armenians">Origins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Armenia" title="Name of Armenia">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shulaveri%E2%80%93Shomu_culture" title="Shulaveri–Shomu culture">Shulaveri–Shomu culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kura%E2%80%93Araxes_culture" title="Kura–Araxes culture">Kura–Araxes culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayk" title="Hayk">Hayk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayasa-Azzi" title="Hayasa-Azzi">Hayasa-Azzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitanni" title="Mitanni">Mitanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nairi_(Armenian_usages)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nairi (Armenian usages)">Nairi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mushki" title="Mushki">Mushki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urumeans" title="Urumeans">Urumeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diauehi" title="Diauehi">Diauehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etiuni" title="Etiuni">Etiuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Kingdom of Urartu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medes" title="Medes">Median kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orontid_dynasty" title="Orontid dynasty">Orontid dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satrapy_of_Armenia" title="Satrapy of Armenia">Satrapy of Armenia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Armenia_(antiquity)" title="Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)">Kingdom of Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Armenia" title="Roman Armenia">Roman Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Armenia" title="Byzantine Armenia">Byzantine Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Armenia" title="Sasanian Armenia">Sasanian Armenia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Middle</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arminiya" title="Arminiya">Arminiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajid_dynasty" title="Sajid dynasty">Sajids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagratid_Armenia" title="Bagratid Armenia">Bagratid Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia" title="Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia">Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sallarid_dynasty" title="Sallarid dynasty">Sallarids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chobanids" title="Chobanids">Chobanids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aq_Qoyunlu" title="Aq Qoyunlu">Aq Qoyunlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara_Koyunlu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kara Koyunlu">Kara Koyunlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Armenians in the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Armenia_(1502%E2%80%931828)" title="Iranian Armenia (1502–1828)">1508–1828 Iranian Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_Iran" title="Safavid Iran">Safavid Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afsharid_Iran" title="Afsharid Iran">Afsharid Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Qajar Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erivan_Khanate" title="Erivan Khanate">Erivan Khanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karabakh_Khanate" title="Karabakh Khanate">Karabakh Khanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Turkmenchay" title="Treaty of Turkmenchay">Treaty of Turkmenchay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armenia" title="Russian Armenia">Russian Armenia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Republic_of_Armenia" title="First Republic of Armenia">First Republic of Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Soviet Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Armenia#Independent_Armenia_(1991-today)" title="History of Armenia">Independent Armenia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">Nagorno-Karabakh conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_national_movement" title="Armenian national movement">Armenian national movement</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Armenia" title="Category:History of Armenia">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Arms_of_Armenia.svg/80px-Arms_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Arms_of_Armenia.svg/120px-Arms_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Arms_of_Armenia.svg/160px-Arms_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Armenia" title="Geography of Armenia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ararat_Plain" title="Ararat Plain">Ararat Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_highlands" title="Armenian highlands">Armenian highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Armenia" title="List of cities and towns in Armenia">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Armenia" title="Climate of Armenia">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Armenia" title="List of earthquakes in Armenia">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of Armenia">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Sevan" title="Lake Sevan">Lake Sevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountains_of_Armenia" title="Mountains of Armenia">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Armenia" title="Municipalities of Armenia">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Armenia" title="List of rivers of Armenia">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Armenia" title="List of lakes of Armenia">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikahogh_State_Reserve" title="Shikahogh State Reserve">Shikahogh State Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirak_Plain" title="Shirak Plain">Shirak Plain</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Armenia" title="Category:Geography of Armenia">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Armenia" title="Politics of Armenia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Armenia" title="Administrative divisions of Armenia">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Armenia" title="Constitution of Armenia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Armenia" title="Corruption in Armenia">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Armenia" title="Elections in Armenia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" title="Foreign relations of Armenia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Armenia" title="Government of Armenia">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Armenia" title="Human rights in Armenia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Armenia">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Armenia" title="Judiciary of Armenia">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Armenia" title="Armed Forces of Armenia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Armenia)" title="National Assembly (Armenia)">National Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Service_(Armenia)" title="National Security Service (Armenia)">National Security Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_of_Armenia" title="Police of Armenia">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Armenia" title="List of political parties in Armenia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Armenia" title="President of Armenia">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Armenia" title="Prime Minister of Armenia">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Armenia" title="President of the National Assembly of Armenia">President of the National Assembly</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Government_of_Armenia" title="Category:Government of Armenia">more on government</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Armenia" title="Category:Politics of Armenia">on politics</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia" title="Economy of Armenia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Armenia" title="Agriculture in Armenia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Stock_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Stock Exchange">AMX (stock exchange)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Armenia" title="Central Bank of Armenia">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Depository_of_Armenia" title="Central Depository of Armenia">Central Depository </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_dram" title="Armenian dram">Dram (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Armenia" title="Energy in Armenia">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_industry_of_Armenia" title="Mineral industry of Armenia">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Armenia" title="Pensions in Armenia">Pension reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Armenia" title="Taxation in Armenia">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Armenia" title="Telecommunications in Armenia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Armenia" title="Tourism in Armenia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Armenia" title="Waste management in Armenia">Waste management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Armenia" title="Transport in Armenia">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus_Railway" title="South Caucasus Railway">South Caucasus Railway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Armenia" title="Culture of Armenia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_alphabet" title="Armenian alphabet">Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_architecture" title="Armenian architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_art" title="Armenian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Armenia" title="Cinema of Armenia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Cuisine</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">wine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_dance" title="Armenian dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Armenian" title="Eastern Armenian">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Armenian" title="Western Armenian">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_literature" title="Armenian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Armenia" title="Music of Armenia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Armenia" title="Sport in Armenia">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_of_Armenia" title="Theater of Armenia">Theatre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Armenia" title="Category:Culture of Armenia">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Armenia" title="Demographics of Armenia">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Census_in_Armenia" title="Census in Armenia">Census</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Armenia" title="Crime in Armenia">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Armenia" title="Education in Armenia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities_in_Armenia" title="Ethnic minorities in Armenia">Ethnic minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Armenia" title="Health in Armenia">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_diaspora" title="Armenian diaspora">diaspora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_issues_in_Armenia" title="Social issues in Armenia">Social issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Armenia" title="Women in Armenia">Women</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Demographics_of_Armenia" title="Category:Demographics of Armenia">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Armenia" title="Religion in Armenia">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian Apostolic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholic_Church" title="Armenian Catholic Church">Armenian Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Evangelical_Church" title="Armenian Evangelical Church">Armenian Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Brotherhood_Church" title="Armenian Brotherhood Church">Armenian Brotherhood Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Armenia" title="History of the Jews in Armenia">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Armenia" title="Islam in Armenia">Islam</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Religion_in_Armenia" title="Category:Religion in Armenia">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Armenia" title="National symbols of Armenia">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Cross" title="Armenian Cross">Armenian Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_eternity_sign" title="Armenian eternity sign">Armenian eternity sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Armenia" title="Coat of arms of Armenia">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Armenia" title="Flag of Armenia">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ararat" title="Mount Ararat">Mount Ararat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mer_Hayrenik" title="Mer Hayrenik">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apricot" title="Apricot">Apricot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grape" title="Grape">Grape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Armenia" title="Outline of Armenia">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Armenia-related_articles" title="Index of Armenia-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Armenia" title="Category:Armenia">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Armenian_cuisine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Armenian_cuisine" title="Template:Armenian cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Armenian_cuisine" title="Template talk:Armenian cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Armenian_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Armenian cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Armenian_cuisine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenian cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Հայկական խոհանոց</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vegetables and fruits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apricot" title="Apricot">Apricot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabbage" title="Cabbage">Cabbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrot" title="Carrot">Carrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickpea" title="Chickpea">Chickpea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornus_mas" title="Cornus mas">Cornelian cherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">Cucumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">Eggplant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_bean" title="Green bean">Green bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mushroom" title="Mushroom">Mushroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okra" title="Okra">Okra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">Potatoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpkin" title="Pumpkin">Pumpkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinach" title="Spinach">Spinach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">Tomato</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Herbs and spices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">Black pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">Cilantro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dill" title="Dill">Dill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(fruit)" title="Nut (fruit)">Nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">Onion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">Parsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarragon" title="Tarragon">Tarragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut" title="Walnut">Walnut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bokon_(food)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bokon (food) (page does not exist)">Bokon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsoureki" title="Tsoureki">Choreg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gata_(food)" title="Gata (food)">Gata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavash" title="Lavash">Lavash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matnakash" title="Matnakash">Matnakash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arganak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arganak (page does not exist)">Arganak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aveluk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aveluk (page does not exist)">Aveluk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blghourapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blghourapour (page does not exist)">Blghourapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brindzapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brindzapour (page does not exist)">Brindzapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzavarapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzavarapour (page does not exist)">Dzavarapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flol (page does not exist)">Flol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karshm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karshm (page does not exist)">Karshm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katnapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katnapour (page does not exist)">Katnapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katnov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katnov (page does not exist)">Katnov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khash_(dish)" title="Khash (dish)">Khash</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kololik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kololik (page does not exist)">Kololik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krchik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krchik (page does not exist)">Krchik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mantapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mantapour (page does not exist)">Mantapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsunaprtosh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matsunaprtosh (page does not exist)">Matsunaprtosh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pekhapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pekhapour (page does not exist)">Pekhapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Putuk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Putuk (page does not exist)">Putuk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarnapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarnapour (page does not exist)">Sarnapour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spas_(meal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spas (meal) (page does not exist)">Spas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunkapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunkapour (page does not exist)">Sunkapour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarhana" title="Tarhana">Tarkhana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%E2%80%99ghit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T’ghit (page does not exist)">T’ghit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vospapour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vospapour (page does not exist)">Vospapour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Appetizers and salads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bast%C4%B1rma" class="mw-redirect" title="Bastırma">Bastırma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechil" title="Chechil">Chechil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87i%C4%9F_k%C3%B6fte" title="Çiğ köfte">Chi kofte</a></li> <li>Dolma (Summer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolma" title="Dolma">Dolma</a> (Winter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eetch" title="Eetch">Eetch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matzoon" title="Matzoon">Matzoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammara" title="Muhammara">Muhammara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sujuk" title="Sujuk">Sujuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topik" title="Topik">Topik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main entrées</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fasulya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fasulya (page does not exist)">Fasulya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghapama" title="Ghapama">Ghapama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harissa_(dish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harissa (dish)">Harisa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kchuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kchuch (page does not exist)">Kchuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lula_kebab" title="Lula kebab">Lula kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjvjik_(food)" title="Tjvjik (food)">Tjvjik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grilled meats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kebab" title="Kebab">Kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorovats" title="Khorovats">Khorovats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofta" title="Kofta">Kofta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matagh" title="Matagh">Matagh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mineral water</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arzni_(water)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arzni (water) (page does not exist)">Arzni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bjni_(water)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bjni (water) (page does not exist)">Bjni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilijan_(water)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilijan (water) (page does not exist)">Dilijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jermuk_(water)" title="Jermuk (water)">Jermuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-alcoholic beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_coffee" title="Turkish coffee">Armenian coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayran" title="Ayran">Tahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarhun_(drink)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarhun (drink)">Tarkhun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_breweries_in_Armenia" title="List of breweries in Armenia">List of breweries in Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ani (beer) (page does not exist)">Ani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ararat_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ararat (beer) (page does not exist)">Ararat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erebuni_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erebuni (beer) (page does not exist)">Erebuni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyumri_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyumri (beer) (page does not exist)">Gyumri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kilikia_(beer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kilikia (beer) (page does not exist)">Kilikia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotayk_Brewery" title="Kotayk Brewery">Kotayk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Distilled beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenian_brandy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armenian brandy (page does not exist)">Armenian brandy</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ararat_(brandy)" title="Ararat (brandy)">Ararat</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Noy_(brandy)" title="Noy (brandy)">Noy</a></dd> <dt>Other</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oghi_(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oghi (beverage)">Oghi</a> <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mulberry_oghi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mulberry oghi (page does not exist)">Mulberry oghi</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Armenian wine</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a> wine</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grape varieties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Areni_(grape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Areni (grape) (page does not exist)">Areni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kakhet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kakhet (page does not exist)">Kakhet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meghrabujr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meghrabujr (page does not exist)">Meghrabujr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mschali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mschali (page does not exist)">Mschali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nerkarat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nerkarat (page does not exist)">Nerkarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rkatsiteli" title="Rkatsiteli">Rkatsiteli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voskehat_(grape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voskehat (grape) (page does not exist)">Voskehat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desserts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alani_(food)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alani (food) (page does not exist)">Alani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanafeh" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanafeh">Kadaif</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anoushabour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anoushabour (page does not exist)">Anoushabour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pestil" title="Pestil">Pastegh</a> <ul><li>T’tu lavash</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basbousa" title="Basbousa">Shamali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava">Paklava</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor" title="Tandoor">Tonir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wine_by_country" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wine_by_country" title="Template:Wine by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wine_by_country" title="Template talk:Wine by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wine_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wine by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wine_by_country" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="List of wine-producing countries">Wine by country</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_wine" title="Algerian wine">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_wine" title="Egyptian wine">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_wine" title="Ethiopian wine">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_wine" title="Moroccan wine">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_wine" title="Namibian wine">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_wine" title="South African wine">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_wine" title="Tanzanian wine">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_wine" title="Tunisian wine">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_wine" title="Abkhazian wine">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_wine" title="Azerbaijani wine">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhutan wine">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_in_China" title="Wine in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_wine" title="Indian wine">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_wine" title="Persian wine">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_wine" title="Israeli wine">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_wine" title="Japanese wine">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_wine" title="Jordanian wine">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_wine" title="Kazakh wine">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_wine" title="Lebanese wine">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepal wine">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_wine" title="Palestinian wine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_wine" title="Philippine wine">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_wine" title="Syrian wine">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_wine" title="Taiwanese wine">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_wine" title="Thai wine">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_wine" title="Turkish wine">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_wine" title="Vietnamese wine">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_wine" title="Albanian wine">Albania</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_wine" title="Austrian wine">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_wine" title="Belgian wine">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_wine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina wine">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_wine" title="Bulgarian wine">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_wine" title="Croatian wine">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_wine" title="Cypriot wine">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_wine" title="Czech wine">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_wine" title="Danish wine">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_wine" title="French wine">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_wine" title="Georgian wine">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_wine" title="German wine">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_wine" title="Greek wine">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_wine" title="Hungarian wine">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_wine" title="Irish wine">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_wine" title="Italian wine">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_wine" title="Liechtenstein wine">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxembourg wine">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_wine" title="Maltese wine">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_wine" title="Moldovan wine">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_wine" title="Montenegrin wine">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonian_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="North Macedonian wine">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_wine" title="Dutch wine">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_wine" title="Polish wine">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_wine" title="Portuguese wine">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_wine" title="Romanian wine">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_wine" title="Russian wine">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_wine" title="Sammarinese wine">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_wine" title="Serbian wine">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_wine" title="Slovak wine">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_wine" title="Slovenian wine">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_wine" title="Spanish wine">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_wine" title="Swedish wine">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_wine" title="Swiss wine">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_wine" title="Ukrainian wine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wine from the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_wine" title="Canadian wine">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_wine" title="Mexican wine">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_wine" title="American wine">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_wine" title="Australian wine">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_wine" title="New Zealand wine">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_wine" title="Argentine wine">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_wine" title="Bolivian wine">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_wine" title="Brazilian wine">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_wine" title="Chilean wine">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_wine" title="Paraguayan wine">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_wine" title="Peruvian wine">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_wine" title="Uruguayan wine">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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